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WO2018190282A1 - Dispositif de réglage de lumière - Google Patents

Dispositif de réglage de lumière Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018190282A1
WO2018190282A1 PCT/JP2018/014824 JP2018014824W WO2018190282A1 WO 2018190282 A1 WO2018190282 A1 WO 2018190282A1 JP 2018014824 W JP2018014824 W JP 2018014824W WO 2018190282 A1 WO2018190282 A1 WO 2018190282A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pattern
phase difference
region
film
retardation
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PCT/JP2018/014824
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
一茂 中川
彩子 村松
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富士フイルム株式会社
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Filing date
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Application filed by 富士フイルム株式会社 filed Critical 富士フイルム株式会社
Publication of WO2018190282A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018190282A1/fr

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/02—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the intensity of light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light control device that adjusts incident light using a polarizer and a pattern retardation film to obtain transmitted light, and more particularly, to a light control device that can continuously control the gradation. To do.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-310567 discloses that two planar materials are provided with a plurality of polarization regions in a pattern in which regions having different polarization axes are arranged adjacent to each other, and the two planar materials are relatively slid. Dimming is done. In other words, when the polarization region of the other planar material overlaps the polarization region of one planar material, the polarization regions with different polarization axes are superimposed from the state where the polarization regions having the same polarization axis are superimposed. And the translucency of the incident light is changed accordingly. Therefore, it is configured to perform dimming from the brightest state to the darkest state by sliding by the width of the polarization region.
  • the stripe of the conventional light control device has a width in the range of mm to cm and the width of the stripe is wide. End up.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a light control device for realizing continuous gradation from the brightest state to the darkest state.
  • the light control device includes a first polarizer, a first pattern retardation film, a second pattern retardation film, and a second polarizer stacked in this order, and a pattern retardation of one.
  • a light control device capable of adjusting the entire transmitted light amount by moving the relative position of a film and a second pattern retardation film along a uniaxial direction, wherein the first pattern retardation film and the second pattern retardation film
  • the pattern phase difference film is formed in a stripe pattern in which two phase difference regions different in at least one of the phase difference value and the slow axis direction are alternately arranged with the same width, and the width is 1 ⁇ m or more to 500 ⁇ m or less.
  • the long side direction of the striped pattern has an inclination in a range larger than 0 ° and smaller than 90 ° with respect to the uniaxial direction.
  • the angle ⁇ formed by the long-side direction and the uniaxial direction of the stripe pattern of the first pattern retardation film and the second pattern retardation film, and the width w of the stripe pattern are 0.5 mm ⁇ w Those satisfying the relationship of / sin ⁇ ⁇ 100 mm are desirable.
  • At least one of the first pattern retardation film and the second pattern retardation film is a phase difference area having a phase difference value of zero and a phase difference area having a phase difference value other than zero. It may be a pattern retardation film having a formed stripe pattern.
  • At least one of the first pattern retardation film and the second pattern retardation film is a retardation region in which an angle formed by the slow axes of adjacent retardation regions is 40 ° or more and 50 ° or less. It may be a patterned retardation film having a formed stripe pattern.
  • the light control device includes a first polarizer, a first pattern retardation film, a second pattern retardation film, and a second polarizer stacked in this order, and a stripe pattern is formed.
  • the total amount of transmitted light is adjusted by relatively moving the formed first pattern retardation film and second pattern retardation film.
  • continuous gradation can be achieved by setting the pattern width of the pattern retardation film to 1 ⁇ m or more to 500 ⁇ m or less.
  • the stripe-shaped pattern is changed in the moving direction of the pattern retardation film. Therefore, the gradation can be finely adjusted by increasing the distance for adjustment for alignment.
  • FIG. 1st pattern phase contrast film is a schematic block diagram which shows the light modulation apparatus of 1st Embodiment of this invention
  • FIG. 2nd pattern phase contrast film is the relationship between the polarizer and pattern retardation film which comprise the light modulation apparatus of 1st Embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. It is a top view of the 1st pattern phase contrast film and the 2nd pattern phase contrast film of the light modulation apparatus of a 1st embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the light control method of the light modulation apparatus of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the mechanism of the light control of the light control apparatus of 1st Embodiment.
  • ⁇ indicating a numerical range includes numerical values written on both sides.
  • the numerical value ⁇ to the numerical value ⁇ are ranges including the numerical value ⁇ and the numerical value ⁇ , and ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ in mathematical symbols.
  • Angles such as 45 °, 90 °, 135 °, parallel, vertical and orthogonal mean that the difference from the exact angle is within a range of less than 5 ° unless otherwise specified.
  • the difference from the exact angle is preferably less than 4 °, more preferably less than 3 °.
  • “same” includes an error range generally allowed in the technical field.
  • “100%”, “all”, “any” or “entire surface” includes an error range generally allowed in the technical field, for example, 99% or more, 95% or more, or The case of 90% or more is included.
  • Re ( ⁇ ) and Rth ( ⁇ ) represent in-plane retardation and retardation in the thickness direction at wavelength ⁇ , respectively.
  • Re ( ⁇ ) is measured by making light having a wavelength of ⁇ nm incident in the normal direction of the film in an AxoScan manufactured by Axometrics.
  • FIG. 1A shows a light control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the light control device 10 adjusts the transmittance of the incident light Li and adjusts the amount of the transmitted light Lo.
  • the light control device 10 includes a light control unit 12, a moving unit 14, and a control unit 16.
  • the moving unit 14 is controlled by the control unit 16.
  • the light control unit 12 includes a first polarizer 20, a phase difference unit 24, and a second polarizer 22.
  • the retardation part 24 includes two retardation films, a first pattern retardation film 30a and a second pattern retardation film 30b.
  • the first polarizer 20, the first pattern retardation film 30a, the second pattern retardation film 30b, and the second polarizer 22 are stacked in this order.
  • the direction l 2 of the transmission axis of the first direction l 1 of the transmission axis of the polarizer 20 and second polarizer 22 are arranged to be orthogonal, a first polarizer Due to the change in the relative position of the first pattern retardation film 30a and the second pattern retardation film 30b provided between the first polarizer 20 and the second polarizer 22, the incident light incident from the first polarizer 20 is The amount of outgoing light that passes through and exits the second polarizer 22 is adjusted.
  • the first polarizer 20, the first pattern retardation film 30a, the second pattern retardation film 30b, and the second polarizer 22 are all arranged in parallel, and the laminated surfaces are They are stacked in the same shape and size so that the length and width of the faces coincide.
  • the moving unit 14 includes a mechanism for relatively transferring the first pattern phase difference film 30a and the second pattern phase difference film 30b, and according to a signal from the control unit 16, the first pattern phase difference film 30a and the second pattern phase difference film 30a. It is possible to move any one of the two pattern retardation films 30b in the direction t of the movable axis. Or you may perform a relative movement by moving both the 1st pattern phase difference film 30a and the 2nd pattern phase difference film 30b to the direction t of a movable axis.
  • the normal direction of the upper surface of the first polarizer 20 is referred to as a Z axis, and two axes parallel to the upper surface of the first polarizer 20 are referred to as an X axis and a Y axis.
  • the first pattern retardation film 30a and the second pattern retardation film 30b are configured by a pattern retardation film having a predetermined stripe pattern, and the first pattern retardation film 30a and the second pattern retardation film 30b. Dimming is performed according to the relative position of the phase difference film 30b.
  • the inventors reduce the stripe width. I found out that it would be possible. However, when the stripe width is narrowed, there is a problem that it is difficult to accurately align the stripe patterns of the two pattern retardation films.
  • the stripe pattern is tilted with respect to the moving direction of the movable axis so that the moving direction of the movable axis extends across the stripe pattern, thereby changing from a bright state to a dark state.
  • the first polarizer 20 is an absorptive polarizer that transmits the first linearly polarized light and absorbs or reflects the second linearly polarized light orthogonal to the first linearly polarized light.
  • the second polarizer 22 is an absorptive polarizer that transmits the second linearly polarized light and absorbs or reflects the first linearly polarized light.
  • the polarizer it is preferable to use a polymer film in which iodine is adsorbed and oriented.
  • the polymer film is not particularly limited, and various types can be used.
  • polyvinyl alcohol films, polyethylene terephthalate films, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer films, partially saponified films of these, hydrophilic polymer films such as cellulose films, polyvinyl alcohol dehydrated products and polychlorinated Examples include polyene-based oriented films such as vinyl dehydrochlorinated products.
  • the wavelength range of the light transmitted or reflected by the first polarizer 20 and the second polarizer 22 is not particularly limited, and even within the wavelength range of infrared light or within the wavelength range of visible light, It may be within the wavelength range of ultraviolet light, and is a wavelength range that spans the wavelength range of infrared light and visible light, the wavelength range of visible light and ultraviolet light, or the wavelength range of infrared light, visible light, and ultraviolet light. May be. In particular, from the viewpoint that the heat shielding property and durability of the light control device are more excellent, it is preferably in the wavelength range of visible light or near infrared light.
  • infrared rays are electromagnetic waves in a wavelength region longer than visible rays and shorter than radio waves.
  • Near-infrared light is generally an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength range of more than 750 nm and not more than 2500 nm.
  • Visible light is light having a wavelength visible to the human eye among electromagnetic waves, and indicates light having a wavelength range of 380 nm to 750 nm.
  • Ultraviolet rays are electromagnetic waves in a wavelength range shorter than visible light and longer than X-rays. The ultraviolet light may be light in a wavelength region that can be distinguished from visible light and X-rays, and is, for example, light in a wavelength range of 10 nm or more and less than 380 nm.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the first pattern retardation film 30a and the second pattern retardation film 30b of the light control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first pattern retardation film 30a includes a first retardation region 31 and a second retardation region 32 having different retardation values, and the first retardation region 31 and the second retardation region 32 are surfaces. They are alternately arranged in stripes.
  • the second pattern retardation film 30 b includes a third retardation region 33 and a fourth retardation region 34 having different retardation values, and the third retardation region 33 and the fourth retardation region 34. 34 are alternately arranged in stripes in the plane. Specifically, for example, the first phase difference region 31 and the second phase difference region 32 (or the third phase difference region 33 and the fourth phase difference region 34) having different phase difference values are combined.
  • the first phase difference region 31 and the second phase difference region 32, and the third phase difference region 33 and the fourth phase difference region 34 are each composed of a region in which liquid crystal is aligned, and the ellipse in FIG. Indicates the respective orientations as a model.
  • the first retardation region 31 is shown in gray to distinguish the first retardation region 31 and the second retardation region 32 of the first pattern retardation film 30a.
  • a stripe pattern in which the first retardation region 31 and the second retardation region 32 are alternately arranged is formed, and the stripe width w 1 of the first retardation region 31 and the first retardation region 31 are changed.
  • the stripe widths w 2 of the two retardation regions 32 are the same.
  • the stripe widths w 1 and w 2 of the first retardation region 31 and the second retardation region 32 are, for example, 1 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, and are alternately arranged in the width direction with a period of 2 ⁇ m to 1 mm.
  • the long side direction of the striped pattern is arranged in a state having an inclination ⁇ with respect to the direction t of the movable axis.
  • the stripe widths w 1 and w 2 are 5 ⁇ m to 350 ⁇ m, and are alternately arranged in the width direction with a period of 10 ⁇ m to 700 ⁇ m. More preferably, the stripe widths w 1 and w 2 are 30 ⁇ m to 250 ⁇ m, and are alternately arranged in the width direction at a period of 60 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m.
  • the third retardation region 33 is shown in gray to distinguish the third retardation region 33 and the fourth retardation region 34 of the second pattern retardation film 30b.
  • Third stripe width w 4 of the stripe width w 3 of the retardation region 33 fourth retardation region 34 is the same, the third retardation region 33 stripe width w 3 of the fourth retardation region 34 , w 4 are arranged alternately in a first pattern retardation film 30a and the width and period of the same as the first retardation region 31 and the second retardation region 32.
  • the stripe pattern of the second pattern retardation film 30b is arranged with the same inclination as the stripe pattern of the first pattern retardation film 30a.
  • the first retardation region 31 and the third retardation region 33 are optical anisotropy regions that give a phase difference of ⁇ / 2 before the light incident on the pattern retardation film 30a or 30b is emitted.
  • the first retardation region 31 is a ⁇ / 2 retardation region in which the angle formed by the transmission axis of the first polarizer 20 and the slow axis of the first retardation region 31 is 45 °.
  • the third retardation region 33 is a ⁇ / 2 retardation region in which the angle formed by the transmission axis of the first polarizer 20 and the slow axis of the third retardation region 33 is 135 °. Therefore, when the incident light is linearly polarized light, the emitted light has a polarization axis that makes an inclination of 90 ° with respect to the polarization axis at the time of incidence.
  • the first retardation region 31 and the third retardation region 33 are not limited in their constituent materials, but can be formed using, for example, a liquid crystal material (polymerizable liquid crystal composition). Specifically, it can be composed of a region where a rod-like liquid crystal compound or a disk-like liquid crystal compound is fixed.
  • the second retardation region 32 and the fourth retardation region 34 are optically isotropic regions, they are emitted without affecting the polarization state of the light passing therethrough.
  • the constituent material of the first retardation region 31 and the third retardation region 33 is not limited as long as the second retardation region 32 and the fourth retardation region 34 are optically isotropic. It is preferable that it is comprised with the same liquid crystal material.
  • the first retardation region in the pattern retardation film has a function of giving a ⁇ / 2 retardation, and whether or not the second retardation region is isotropic is determined by, for example, AxoStep high accuracy. It can be confirmed by a known method such as measurement using a Mueller matrix imaging polarimeter or the like. (Moving part and control part)
  • the moving unit 14 moves the relative positions of the two pattern phase difference films (the first pattern phase difference film 30a and the second pattern phase difference film 30b) of the phase difference unit 24 according to the control of the control unit 16 with respect to the movable axis.
  • a mechanism for moving in the direction t is provided, and any one of the two pattern phase difference films (the first pattern phase difference film 30a and the second pattern phase difference film 30b) is moved.
  • a configuration in which the two sheets are relatively moved may be employed.
  • the moving unit 14 By changing the relative position of the two pattern retardation films (first pattern retardation film 30a and second pattern retardation film 30b) by the moving unit 14, the first polarizer 20 or the second polarization It is possible to change the transmittance of incident light incident from the child 22.
  • the moving unit 14 moves the second pattern retardation film 30b in the direction of the movable axis will be described.
  • the direction l 1 of the transmission axis of the first polarizer 20 is a 135 ° direction inclined relative to the X axis
  • the direction l 2 of the transmission axis of the second polarizer 22 is a 135 ° direction inclined relative to the X axis
  • the direction l 2 of the transmission axis of the second polarizer 22 is a 135 ° direction inclined relative to the X axis
  • the direction l 2 of the transmission axis of the second polarizer 22 the X-axis
  • a case where the direction is inclined by 45 ° will be described.
  • 3 (a) and 3 (b) are diagrams for explaining a light control method of the light control device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3 (a) and 3 (b) the same components as those of the light control device 10 shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b) are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • FIG. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are schematic views before and after the second pattern retardation film 30b is slid.
  • the first retardation region 31 and the third retardation region 33 overlap (or the second retardation region 32 and the fourth retardation region 33).
  • the phase difference region 34 overlaps, the light Li incident on the first polarizer 20 from the direction of the arrow in FIG. That is, the state of FIG. 3A is a light shielding state (“dark state”).
  • FIG. 3B is a diagram in which the second pattern retardation film 30b is slid (moved) by the relative movement amount D from FIG. 3A.
  • the first retardation region 31 and the fourth retardation region 34 overlap (or the second retardation region 32 and the third retardation region 33 overlap)
  • the light Li incident on the first polarizer 20 from the direction of the arrow in FIG. 3B passes through the light control device 10 and is emitted as light Lo. That is, the state of FIG. 3B is a transmission state (“bright state”).
  • a polarization axis with an inclination of 0 ° is represented as P 0
  • a polarization axis with an inclination of 90 ° is represented as P 90
  • a polarization axis with an inclination of 45 ° is represented as P 45
  • a polarization axis with an inclination of 135 ° is represented as P 135
  • a slow axis having a slow axis inclination ⁇ with respect to the + X axis in the XY plane will be described below as P ⁇ .
  • the transmission axis direction l 1 of the first polarizer 20 is P 135
  • the transmission axis direction l 2 of the second polarizer 22 is P 45 .
  • the direction of the slow axis in the first phase difference region is P 90
  • the direction of the slow axis in the third phase difference region is P 0 .
  • the second and fourth phase difference regions are isotropic regions and are expressed as “iso”.
  • the state shown in FIG. 3A will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the linearly polarized light L1 that only the transmission axis parallel to the linear polarization of the first polarizer 20 has a polarization axis P 135 Is emitted.
  • the linearly polarized light L1 is polarization axis is emitted as linearly polarized light L2 having a 90 ° inclined polarization axis P 45 by the first retardation region 31.
  • linearly polarized light L2 the polarization axis is emitted as linearly polarized light L3 having a polarization axis P 135 which is inclined 90 ° by the third retardation region 33. Since the polarization axis P 135 of the linearly polarized light L 3 and the transmission axis direction P 45 of the second polarizer 22 are orthogonal, the linearly polarized light L 3 is absorbed by the second polarizer 22.
  • the linearly polarized light L4 having a polarization axis P 135 that has passed through the first polarizer 20 linearly with polarization axis P 135 passes through the second retardation region 32 while maintaining the polarization axis is emitted as polarization L5, is emitted as linearly polarized light L6 having a polarization axis P 135 then passes through the fourth retardation region 34. Since the polarization axis P 135 to the direction P 45 of the transmission axis of the second polarizer 22 of the linearly polarized light L6 are orthogonal, linearly polarized light L6 is absorbed by the second polarizer 22.
  • the first polarizer when the first phase difference region 31 and the third phase difference region 33 overlap (or when the second phase difference region 32 and the fourth phase difference region 34 overlap), the first polarizer.
  • the light incident on 20 is not emitted from the second polarizer 22 and cannot pass through the light control device 10.
  • the linearly polarized light only transmission axis parallel to the linear polarization of the first polarizer 20 has a polarization axis P 135 L11 Is emitted.
  • the linearly polarized light L11 is polarization axis is emitted as linearly polarized light L12 having a 90 ° inclined polarization axis P 45 by the first retardation region 31.
  • linearly polarized light L12 reaches the polarization axis linearly polarized light L13 next passes through the fourth retardation region 34 while keeping P 45, the second polarizer 22. Since the direction P 45 of the transmission axis of the polarizing axis P 45 of the linearly polarized light L13 the second polarizer 22 coincides linearly polarized light L13 is directly transmitted through the second polarizer 22.
  • the linearly polarized light L14 having a polarization axis P 135 that has passed through the first polarizer 20 becomes linearly polarized light L15 is transmitted through the second retardation region 32 while maintaining the polarization axis P 135 .
  • the linearly polarized light L15 is polarization axis is emitted as linearly polarized light L16 having a 90 ° inclined polarization axis P 45 by the third retardation region 33. Since the direction P 45 of the polarizing axis P 45 of the linearly polarized light L16 transmission axis of the second polarizer 22 coincides linearly polarized light L16 is directly transmitted through the second polarizer 22.
  • the first polarizer 20 when the first retardation region 31 and the fourth retardation region 34 overlap (or when the second retardation region 32 and the third retardation region 33 overlap), the first polarizer 20. Is emitted from the second polarizer 22 and passes through the light control device 10.
  • the transmission axis direction l 1 of the first polarizer 20 is the direction P 135 tilted by 135 ° with respect to the X axis
  • the transmission axis direction l 2 of the second polarizer 22 is the X axis. If a 45 ° direction P 45 inclined has been described with respect to, the first retardation region 31 and the third retardation region 33 is not limited to this n ⁇ ⁇ / 2 (n is an odd number Of the first polarizer 20 when the second phase difference region 32 and the fourth phase difference region 34 are isotropic regions (iso).
  • the optical element 20, the first pattern retardation film 30a, the second pattern retardation film 30b, and the second polarizer 22 may be disposed.
  • the relationship between the relative movement amount of the two pattern retardation films and the multi-tone light control will be described.
  • the first phase difference region 31 and the third phase difference region 33 overlap or when the second phase difference region 32 and the fourth phase difference region 34 overlap
  • the transmission state is set.
  • the second pattern retardation film is moved in the direction t of the movable axis from the state where it overlaps the first retardation region 31 and the third retardation region 33.
  • the overlap between the first phase difference region 31 and the third phase difference region 33 decreases, and the overlap between the first phase difference region 31 and the fourth phase difference region 34 increases.
  • the light is gradually brightened from the light-shielded state and reaches the transmissive state.
  • the smaller the angle ⁇ formed between the direction t of the movable axis and the long side direction of the stripe the more the first retardation region 31 and the third retardation region 33 overlap,
  • the schematic configuration of the light control device of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the moving unit 14 and the control unit 16 are the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • the first pattern phase difference film 30a and the second pattern phase difference film 30b have a stripe shape in which two regions having the same phase difference value but different slow axis directions are alternately arranged. It is composed of patterns.
  • the first polarizer 20 and the second polarizer 22 are the same members as in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view of the first pattern retardation film 30a and the second pattern retardation film 30b of the light control device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first pattern retardation film 30a includes a first retardation region 31 and a second retardation region 32 having different slow axis directions, and the first retardation region 31 and the second retardation region 32 are The stripes are alternately arranged in the plane.
  • the second pattern retardation film 30b is the same as the first pattern retardation film 30a, detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the third phase difference region 33 of the second pattern phase difference film 30b is arranged in the same manner as the first phase difference region 31 of the first pattern phase difference film 30a and has the same function.
  • the fourth retardation region 34 of the retardation film 30b is arranged in the same manner as the second retardation region 32 of the first pattern retardation film 30a and has the same function.
  • the first retardation region 31 and the second retardation region 32 are each composed of a region in which liquid crystals are aligned, and the ellipses in FIG. 6 indicate the respective alignments as a model.
  • the numerical values and preferable numerical ranges of the stripe widths w 1 to w 4 in FIG. 6 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the preferable constituent materials for forming the respective retardation regions are also the same as those in the first embodiment. .
  • Both the first retardation region 31 and the second retardation region 32 are optical anisotropy regions that give a retardation of the slow axis to ⁇ / 4 before the light incident on the pattern retardation film 30 is emitted. is there.
  • the first retardation region 31 is a ⁇ / 4 retardation region in which the angle formed by the transmission axis of the first polarizer 20 and the slow axis of the first retardation region 31 is 45 °.
  • the second retardation region 32 is a ⁇ / 4 retardation region in which the angle formed by the transmission axis of the first polarizer 20 and the slow axis of the second retardation region 32 is 135 °. Therefore, if the incident light is linearly polarized light, the emitted light is changed to circularly polarized light. If the incident light is circularly polarized light, the emitted light is changed to linearly polarized light.
  • the direction l 1 of the transmission axis of the first polarizer 20 is the direction P 135 inclined 135 ° with respect to the X axis
  • the direction of the transmission axis of the second polarizer 22 A case where l 2 is a direction P 45 inclined by 45 ° with respect to the X axis will be described.
  • FIG. 7 (a) and 7 (b) are schematic views before and after the second pattern retardation film 30b is slid.
  • FIG. 7A when viewed from the XZ plane, the first phase difference region 31 and the third phase difference region 33 overlap (or the second phase difference region 32 and the fourth position).
  • the phase difference region 34 overlaps
  • the light Li incident on the first polarizer 20 from the direction of the arrow in FIG. 7A passes through the light control device 10 and is emitted as light Lo. That is, the state of FIG. 7A is a transmission state (“bright state”).
  • FIG. 7B is a diagram in which the second pattern retardation film 30b is slid by the relative movement amount D from FIG. 7A.
  • the first retardation region 31 and the fourth retardation region 34 overlap (or the second retardation region 32 and the third retardation region 33 overlap)
  • the light Li that enters the first polarizer 20 from the direction of the arrow in FIG. 7B does not pass through the light control device 10. That is, the state of FIG. 7B is a light shielding state (“dark state”).
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B show a mechanism in which light is transmitted or blocked by the light control device 10 of the second embodiment.
  • the ⁇ / 4 regions (the first phase difference region 31 and the third phase difference region 33, the second phase difference region 32 and the fourth phase difference region are the same in the slow axis direction.
  • the phase difference region 34 is overlapped (see FIG. 7A)
  • the incident light Li passes through the polarizer 20 and then becomes linearly polarized light L 21 having the polarization axis P 135 and passes through the first phase difference region 31.
  • clockwise circularly polarized light L22 is obtained.
  • the circularly polarized light L ⁇ b> 22 passes through the third phase difference region 33, thereby becoming linearly polarized light L ⁇ b> 23 having a polarization axis P ⁇ b> 45 and transmitted through the polarizer 22.
  • FIG. 8B since the combination of the phase difference regions is different, incident light is absorbed.
  • the transmission axis direction l 1 of the first polarizer 20 is the direction P 135 tilted by 135 ° with respect to the X axis
  • the transmission axis direction l 2 of the second polarizer 22 is the X axis.
  • the transmission axis direction l 2 is orthogonal to the first direction l 1 of the transmission axis of the polarizer 20 and second polarizer 22, and first The angle formed by the transmission axis of the first polarizer 20 and the slow axis of the first retardation region 31 (or the third retardation region 33) is 45 °, and the transmission axis of the first polarizer 20
  • the first polarizer 20 and the first filter are set so that the angle formed by the slow axes of the two retardation regions 32 (or the fourth retardation region 34) is 135 °.
  • the turn retardation film 30a, the second pattern retardation film 30b, and the second polarizer 22 may be disposed.
  • the second pattern position is changed from the state where the first phase difference region 31 and the third phase difference region 33 overlap.
  • the overlap between the first phase difference region 31 and the third phase difference region 33 is reduced, and the first phase difference region 31 and the fourth phase difference are reduced.
  • the overlap of the region 34 increases.
  • the transmission state gradually becomes darker and reaches a shielding state.
  • the schematic configuration of the light control device according to the present embodiment is that the first pattern retardation film 30a and the second pattern retardation film 30b alternate between two regions having a retardation value of ⁇ / 2 and different slow axis directions.
  • the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that it is configured by a stripe pattern arranged in the first embodiment.
  • the first retardation region 31 and the second retardation region 32, and the third retardation region 33 and the fourth retardation region 34 are each composed of a region in which liquid crystal is aligned,
  • the ellipse in FIG. 9 represents the slow axis by showing the respective orientations as a model.
  • the first phase difference region 31, the second phase difference region 32, the third phase difference region 33, and the fourth phase difference region 34 all have a slow axis phase difference before the incident light is emitted. Is an optically anisotropic region giving ⁇ / 2.
  • the first retardation region 31 is a ⁇ / 2 retardation region in which the angle formed by the transmission axis of the first polarizer 20 and the slow axis of the first retardation region 31 is 45 °.
  • the second retardation region 32 is a ⁇ / 2 retardation region in which the angle formed by the transmission axis of the first polarizer 20 and the slow axis of the second retardation region 32 is 0 °.
  • the phase difference region 33 is a ⁇ / 2 phase difference region where the angle between the transmission axis of the first polarizer 20 and the slow axis of the third phase difference region 33 is 135 °, and the fourth phase difference region.
  • Reference numeral 34 denotes a ⁇ / 2 phase difference region where the angle formed by the transmission axis of the first polarizer 20 and the slow axis of the fourth phase difference region 34 is 90 °.
  • the direction l 1 of the transmission axis of the first polarizer 20 is the direction P 135 inclined 135 ° with respect to the X axis
  • transmission of the second polarizer 22 The case where the axial direction l 2 is a direction P 45 inclined by 45 ° with respect to the X axis will be described.
  • FIGS. 10A and 10B are schematic views before and after sliding the second pattern retardation film 30b.
  • the first phase difference region 31 and the third phase difference region 33 overlap (or the second phase difference region 32 and the fourth position).
  • the phase difference region 34 overlaps
  • the light Li incident on the first polarizer 20 from the direction of the arrow in FIG. 10A does not pass through the light control device 10. That is, the state of FIG. 10A is a light shielding state (“dark state”).
  • FIG. 10B is a diagram in which the second pattern retardation film 30b is slid by the relative movement amount D from FIG. 10A.
  • the first retardation region 31 and the fourth retardation region 34 overlap (or the second retardation region 32 and the third retardation region 33 overlap)
  • the light Li incident on the first polarizer 20 from the direction of the arrow in FIG. 10B passes through the light control device 10 and is emitted as light Lo. That is, the state of FIG. 10B is a transmission state (“bright state”).
  • FIGS. 10 (a) a mechanism in which light is transmitted or blocked by the light control device 10 of the third embodiment is shown in FIGS.
  • the ⁇ / 2 regions the first phase difference region 31 and the third phase difference region 33, the second phase difference region 32, and the If repeated 4 retardation region 34 reference (FIG. 10 (a)
  • the linearly polarized light L41 incident light Li having a polarization axis P 135 after passing through the polarizer 20
  • the first retardation region 31 by passing the linearly polarized light L42 having a polarization axis P 45.
  • Linearly polarized light L42 is than passing through the third retardation region 33, becomes linearly polarized light L43 having a polarization axis P 135, is absorbed by the polarizer 22.
  • the incident light is transmitted.
  • the transmission axis direction l 1 of the first polarizer 20 is the direction P 135 tilted by 135 ° with respect to the X axis
  • the transmission axis direction l 2 of the second polarizer 22 is the X axis.
  • the first to fourth retardation region 33 is n ⁇ ⁇ / 2 of the (n is a natural number of odd) when configured in retardation region
  • the direction l 1 of the transmission axis of the first polarizer 20 transmission axis l 2 is orthogonal to the second polarizer 22, and the first polarizer 20
  • the angle formed by the transmission axis of the first polarizer 20 and the slow axis of the first retardation region 31 is 45 °
  • the angle formed by the transmission axis of the first polarizer 20 and the slow axis of the second retardation region 32 is 0 °.
  • the angle formed by the transmission axis of the first polarizer 20 and the slow axis of the third retardation region 33 is 135 °, and the transmission axis of the first polarizer 20 and the fourth phase difference.
  • the first polarizer 20, the first pattern retardation film 30a, the second pattern retardation film 30b, and the second polarizer 22 are arranged so that the angle formed by the slow axis of the region 34 is 90 °. Just do it.
  • the second pattern position is changed from the state where the first phase difference region 31 and the third phase difference region 33 overlap.
  • the overlap between the first phase difference region 31 and the third phase difference region 33 is reduced, and the first phase difference region 31 and the fourth phase difference are reduced.
  • the overlap of the region 34 increases.
  • the light shielding state gradually becomes brighter and reaches the transmission state.
  • the patterned pattern retardation films 30a and 30b are patterned in a predetermined direction by forming a patterned alignment film on a support, and then uniformly applying the polymerizable liquid crystal composition and then fixing it. Or after forming an alignment film on a support, a polymerizable liquid crystal composition is uniformly applied, mask exposure is performed using a pattern mask, and regions for anisotropic regions are exposed to ultraviolet rays. To fix the liquid crystal compound in a predetermined alignment direction, and then heat-expose the entire surface in the absence of a pattern mask to make the non-fixed region an isotropic region. It is produced by a method of forming a pattern of regions and anisotropic regions.
  • the alignment film can be produced using a known method such as a photo-alignment method or a rubbing method.
  • a method for providing an alignment film by the photo-alignment method an alignment film composition is applied as an example, and is aligned by irradiating ultraviolet rays while being arranged in the direction of the transmission axis of the wire grid polarizer in the direction of the slow axis.
  • a film is formed.
  • an alignment film is formed by applying a PVA aqueous solution and rubbing the surface of the coating film several times in a predetermined direction using a cloth or the like.
  • the polymerizable liquid crystal compound may be a rod-like liquid crystal compound or a disk-like liquid crystal compound, but a rod-like liquid crystal compound is preferred.
  • a rod-like liquid crystal compound not only a low-molecular liquid crystal compound but also a polymer liquid crystal compound can be used.
  • the polymerizable liquid crystal compound can be obtained by introducing a polymerizable group into the liquid crystal compound.
  • the polymerizable group include an unsaturated polymerizable group, an epoxy group, an oxetanyl group, and an aziridinyl group, preferably an unsaturated polymerizable group, and particularly preferably an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable group.
  • the polymerizable group can be introduced into the molecule of the liquid crystal compound by various methods.
  • the number of polymerizable groups possessed by the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is preferably 1 to 6, more preferably 1 to 3. Examples of polymerizable liquid crystal compounds are described in Makromol. Chem.
  • the polymerizable liquid crystal compound it is also preferable to use a liquid crystal compound having two or more reactive groups having different polymerization conditions in the same molecule.
  • examples of combinations of reactive groups with different polymerization conditions include combinations of radical photopolymerizable reactive groups and cationic photopolymerizable reactive groups.
  • a polymerizable liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable liquid crystal compound described in JP-A-2008-127336 can be suitably used.
  • the liquid crystal composition preferably contains a polymerization initiator.
  • the polymerization initiator to be used is preferably a photopolymerization initiator that can start the polymerization reaction by ultraviolet irradiation.
  • the photopolymerization initiator include a radical polymerization initiator and a cationic polymerization initiator.
  • an acyl phosphine oxide compound or an oxime compound is preferably used.
  • the acylphosphine oxide compound for example, IRGACURE819 (compound name: bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide) manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd. can be used.
  • Examples of the oxime compounds include IRGACURE OXE01 (manufactured by BASF), IRGACURE OXE02 (manufactured by BASF), TR-PBG-304 (manufactured by Changzhou Strong Electronic New Materials Co., Ltd.), Adeka Arcles NCI-831, Adeka Arcles NCI-930 Commercial products such as (ADEKA) and Adeka Arcles NCI-831 (ADEKA) can be used.
  • Examples of the cationic polymerization initiator include organic sulfonium salt systems, iodonium salt systems, phosphonium salt systems, and the like.
  • Organic sulfonium salt systems are preferable, and triphenylsulfonium salts are particularly preferable.
  • As counter ions of these compounds hexafluoroantimonate, hexafluorophosphate, and the like are preferably used.
  • the content of the polymerization initiator in the liquid crystal composition is preferably 0.1 to 20% by mass with respect to the content of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound.
  • the liquid crystal composition may optionally contain a crosslinking agent in order to improve the film strength after curing and improve the durability.
  • a crosslinking agent one that can be cured by ultraviolet rays, heat, moisture, or the like can be suitably used.
  • the crosslinking agent is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, polyfunctionality such as trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, etc.
  • Epoxy compounds such as glycidyl (meth) acrylate and ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether; 2,2-bishydroxymethylbutanol-tris [3- (1-aziridinyl) propionate], 4,4-bis (ethyleneiminocarbonylamino) )
  • Aziridine compounds such as diphenylmethane; isocyanate compounds such as hexamethylene diisocyanate and biuret type isocyanate; polyoxazoline compounds having an oxazoline group in the side chain; vinyltrimethoxysila And N-(2-aminoethyl) 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane alkoxysilane compounds may be mentioned.
  • polyfunctional acrylate compounds are preferred.
  • the polyfunctional acrylate compound is preferably a 3-6 functional acrylate compound, and more preferably a 4-6 functional acrylate compound.
  • a well-known catalyst can be used according to the reactivity of a crosslinking agent, and productivity can be improved in addition to membrane strength and durability improvement. These may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.
  • the content of the cross-linking agent in the liquid crystal composition is preferably 0 to 8.0 parts by mass, and 0.1 to 7.0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in the liquid crystal composition. Is more preferable, and 0.2 to 5.5 parts by mass is even more preferable.
  • Orientation control agent An alignment control agent that contributes to stable or rapid planar alignment may be added to the liquid crystal composition.
  • the alignment control agent include fluorine (meth) acrylate polymers described in paragraphs [0018] to [0043] of JP-A-2007-272185, and paragraphs [0031] to [0034] of JP-A-2012-203237. And compounds represented by the formulas (I) to (IV) as described above.
  • 1 type may be used independently and 2 or more types may be used together.
  • the addition amount of the alignment control agent in the liquid crystal composition is preferably 0.01% by mass to 10% by mass and more preferably 0.01% by mass to 5.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound. .
  • the liquid crystal composition may contain at least one selected from a surfactant for adjusting the surface tension of the coating film to make the thickness uniform, and various additives such as a polymerizable monomer.
  • a polymerization inhibitor, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, a colorant, metal oxide fine particles, and the like may be added as long as the optical performance is not deteriorated. Can be added.
  • solvent there is no restriction
  • the organic solvent is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include ketones, alkyl halides, amides, sulfoxides, heterocyclic compounds, hydrocarbons, esters, ethers and the like. Can be mentioned. These may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together. Among these, ketones are particularly preferable in consideration of environmental load.
  • a known method such as a photo-alignment method or a rubbing method can be used for the alignment film.
  • the alignment film composition is applied, and the alignment film is formed by irradiating with ultraviolet rays after being arranged in the direction of the transmission axis of the wire grid polarizer in the direction of the slow axis. What to do is desirable.
  • an alignment film may be provided by rubbing. In this case, the alignment film is formed by applying a PVA aqueous solution and rubbing the surface of the coating film several times in a predetermined direction using a cloth or the like. To do.
  • a polymerizable liquid crystal composition is uniformly applied on the surface of the support 35 provided with the alignment film (or on the alignment film provided on the support) to form a coating film 30A (S1).
  • the polymerizable liquid crystal composition is performed by appropriately applying a liquid crystal composition such as a roll coating method, a gravure printing method, or a spin coating method in which the polymerizable liquid crystal composition is made into a solution state with a solvent or a liquid material such as a melt by heating. It can be performed by a method that develops by various methods. Furthermore, it can be performed by various methods such as a wire bar coating method, an extrusion coating method, a direct gravure coating method, a reverse gravure coating method, and a die coating method. In addition, a coating film can be formed by discharging a liquid crystal composition from a nozzle using an inkjet apparatus.
  • a liquid crystal composition such as a roll coating method, a gravure printing method, or a spin coating method in which the polymerizable liquid crystal composition is made into a solution state with a solvent or a liquid material such as a melt by heating. It can be performed by a method that develops by various methods. Furthermore, it can be performed by various methods such
  • the coating film 30A is held at the film surface temperature for a predetermined time (aged) to become the coating film 30B in a state where the liquid crystal is aligned (S2).
  • the aging temperature and aging time may be determined according to the liquid crystal compound.
  • UV curing process After the aging step, ultraviolet curing is performed to fix the alignment state of the molecules of the liquid crystal compound.
  • a polymerization reaction by a photocationic polymerization group photocationic polymerization reaction
  • a polymerization reaction by a photoradical polymerization group photoradical polymerization reaction
  • the coating film after the first polymerization process in the two-stage polymerization in the ultraviolet curing process is referred to as a liquid crystal semi-fixed film. The procedure of the curing process will be described.
  • “Semi-fixed” refers to a state in which the liquid crystal composition has lost fluidity in the present invention, and refers to a state before the heat treatment step. For example, it means that only one side functional group of a bifunctional liquid crystal is cross-linked and is in a polymer liquid crystal state.
  • a polymerizable liquid crystal compound having a cationic polymerization group and a radical photopolymerization group one of the cationic polymerization group and the radical photopolymerization group is selectively crosslinked.
  • a state in which the cationic polymerization group is selectively cross-linked is indicated, but a part of the photo-radical polymerization group may be cross-linked.
  • Initiator application step An initiator supply liquid containing a photoradical polymerization initiator is applied to the surface of the liquid crystal semi-fixed film 30C and dried.
  • the whole substrate is heated at a temperature of 100 to 2000 mJ / hour while being heated for a predetermined time at an optical isotropic region forming temperature of the liquid crystal compound (a temperature higher than a phase transition temperature to the optical isotropic region) under nitrogen.
  • the substrate is exposed to ultraviolet rays having an exposure amount of cm 2 so that the liquid crystal forms an optically isotropic region in the region not exposed to the mask, and the alignment of the liquid crystal is maintained in the region exposed to the mask.
  • the pattern retardation film 30D has a fixed alignment state of the entire liquid crystal.
  • the film 30a can be obtained (S5).
  • the retardation film 30b can be obtained.
  • the pattern alignment films having different alignment control capabilities are formed so as to correspond to the first pattern retardation film 30a or the second pattern retardation film 30b.
  • a liquid crystalline compound is disposed thereon, and the liquid crystalline compound is aligned.
  • the liquid crystalline compounds achieve different alignment states depending on the alignment control ability of the pattern alignment film.
  • the band-like regions (or the third retardation region 33 and the fourth retardation region) of the first retardation region 31 and the second retardation region 32 according to the alignment film pattern.
  • a pattern of a band-like region of the phase difference region 34 is formed.
  • the pattern alignment film can be obtained using a photo-alignment method, a rubbing method, a printing method, or the like, as described above.
  • the photo-alignment film is subjected to mask exposure using a mask corresponding to the stripe pattern
  • the rubbing method the rubbing alignment film is subjected to mask rubbing using the mask to form a pattern alignment film.
  • a method using a method using mask exposure on the photo-alignment film is preferable in that large-scale equipment is not required and manufacturing is easy. Details of this method are described in paragraphs [0166] to [0181] of JP2012-032661A, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • Whether the pattern retardation films 30a and 30b are ⁇ / 2 plates or ⁇ / 4 plates is determined according to the film thickness of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition applied on the alignment film.
  • the first pattern retardation film 30a and the second pattern retardation film 30b may be provided with a support, and the support is preferably a transparent support, such as a polyacrylic resin film such as polymethyl methacrylate. , Cellulose resin films such as cellulose triacetate, and cycloolefin polymer films [for example, trade name “ARTON”, manufactured by JSR Corporation, trade name “ZEONOR”, manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.], and the like.
  • the support is not limited to a flexible film but may be a non-flexible substrate such as a glass substrate.
  • the pattern retardation film of the present invention may be used while being supported by the support when forming the film, or the support when forming the film is a temporary support, and other support. It may be transferred to the body and peeled off from the temporary support.
  • the epoxy group-containing polyorganosiloxane had a weight average molecular weight Mw of 2,200 and an epoxy equivalent of 186 g / mol.
  • reaction solution was diluted with an equal amount (mass) of butyl acetate and washed with water three times.
  • the rod-like liquid crystal (LC-1-1) was synthesized based on the method described in JP-A No. 2004-12382.
  • the rod-like liquid crystal (LC-1-1) is a liquid crystal compound having two reactive groups, one of the two reactive groups is an acrylic group which is a radical reactive group, and the other is a cationic reactive group. It is a certain oxetane group.
  • the horizontal alignment agent (LC-1-2) was prepared by Tetrahedron Lett. It was synthesized according to the method described in Journal, Vol. 43, page 6793 (202).
  • the retardation films of the examples and comparative examples were produced according to the following procedure. This will be described below using the directions of the X, Y, and Z axes in FIG.
  • Example 1 ⁇ Formation of two anisotropic regions with different orientation directions ( ⁇ / 4 + ⁇ / 4)>
  • the transmission axis of the wire grid polarizer (product code # 46-636 manufactured by Edmond) is the reference axis (Y).
  • the photo-alignment treatment was performed by irradiating with 30 mJ / cm 2 of ultraviolet rays using a PLA-501F exposure machine manufactured by Canon Inc. at 25 ° C. in air at 25 ° C.
  • a wire grid polarizer, a mask masked with a stripe pattern with a stripe width of 50 ⁇ m, and a glass substrate are arranged in this order, and a PLA-501F exposure machine (extra-high pressure mercury lamp) manufactured by Canon Inc. in air at 25 ° C. And is exposed at an exposure amount of 50 mJ / cm 2 .
  • the liquid crystal composition LC-2 was applied on the alignment layer thus obtained.
  • the film was heated and aged at a film surface temperature of 90 ° C. for 60 seconds.
  • an air-cooled metal halide lamp manufactured by Eye Graphics Co., Ltd.
  • ultraviolet rays of 500 mJ / cm 2 were applied. The entire surface will be irradiated.
  • a pattern divided into two phase difference regions having a major axis direction angle ⁇ of 1 ° of the mask stripe pattern is formed, the front phase difference is 137.5 nm ( ⁇ / 4), and The first phase difference region whose slow axis direction is 0 ° with respect to the reference axis, the front phase difference is 137.5 nm ( ⁇ / 4), and the slow axis direction is 90 ° with respect to the reference axis.
  • a patterned phase difference film fractionated into a second phase difference region that was ° was produced.
  • the film thickness of the pattern retardation film was 1.1 ⁇ m. Two of these were used as a first pattern retardation film and a second pattern retardation film.
  • the first polarizer, the first pattern retardation film, the second pattern retardation film, and the second polarizer are laminated in this order.
  • the same pattern retardation film was used for the first pattern retardation film and the second pattern retardation film.
  • the pattern retardation film was arranged so that the angle formed between the reference axis and the slow axis was 0 °, and the angle ⁇ in the major axis direction of the stripe pattern was 1 °.
  • the angle formed by the transmission axis of the first polarizer and the slow axis of the first retardation region of the first pattern retardation film is 45 °
  • the transmission axis of the first polarizer and the second axis A light control device was manufactured so that the angle formed with the transmission axis of the polarizer was 90 ° (crossed Nicols).
  • the second pattern retardation film is moved in the direction of the movable axis.
  • the direction of the movable axis coincides with the direction of the X axis.
  • Example 2 ⁇ Formation of two anisotropic regions with different orientation directions ( ⁇ / 2 + ⁇ / 2)> (Preparation of First Pattern Retardation Film)
  • a wire grid polarizer product code # 46-636 Edmond
  • a wire grid polarizer a mask masked with a stripe pattern with a stripe width of 50 ⁇ m, and a glass substrate are arranged in this order, and a PLA-501F exposure machine (extra-high pressure mercury lamp) manufactured by Canon Inc. in air at 25 ° C. And is exposed at an exposure amount of 50 mJ / cm 2 .
  • the wire grid polarizer is arranged so that the transmission axis is inclined by 45 ° with respect to the reference axis, and the angle ⁇ in the major axis direction of the stripe pattern of the mask is 1 °.
  • the liquid crystal composition LC-2 was applied on the alignment layer thus obtained.
  • the film was heated and aged at a film surface temperature of 90 ° C. for 60 seconds.
  • an air-cooled metal halide lamp manufactured by Eye Graphics Co., Ltd.
  • ultraviolet rays 500 mJ / cm 2 were applied. Irradiate.
  • a pattern divided into two phase difference regions having an angle ⁇ of 1 ° in the major axis direction of the stripe pattern of the mask is formed.
  • the film thickness of the pattern retardation film was 2.1 ⁇ m.
  • the transmission axis of the wire grid polarizer is arranged so as to be inclined by 315 ° with respect to the reference axis, and in the third retardation region, the slow axis direction is 90 ° with respect to the reference axis.
  • a second pattern retardation film was produced in the same manner as the first pattern retardation film except that the slow axis direction was 315 ° with respect to the reference axis.
  • Example 1 the first polarizer, the first pattern retardation film, the second pattern retardation film, and the second polarizer are stacked in this order.
  • the angle formed by the direction of the reference axis of the first pattern retardation film and the slow axis of the second retardation region is 0 °, and the retardation of the reference axis of the second pattern retardation film and the third retardation region
  • the angle formed by the axis directions is 90 °
  • the angle ⁇ in the major axis direction of the stripe pattern is 1 °.
  • the angle formed by the transmission axis of the first polarizer and the slow axis of the first retardation region of the first pattern retardation film is 45 °
  • the transmission axis of the first polarizer and the second pattern position is 135 °
  • the angle formed by the transmission axis of the first polarizer and the transmission axis of the second polarizer is 90 ° (crossed Nicols).
  • the second pattern retardation film is moved in the direction of the movable axis as in the first embodiment.
  • the direction of the movable axis coincides with the direction of the X axis.
  • Example 3 ⁇ Formation of isotropic and anisotropic regions (iso + ⁇ / 2)> (Preparation of first pattern retardation film)
  • the alignment film composition A prepared above was uniformly applied on the glass substrate in the Y-axis direction using a slit coater, and then in an oven at 100 ° C. It was dried for 2 minutes to obtain a glass substrate with an alignment film having a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m.
  • a rubbing treatment was performed in parallel with the reference axis, and the liquid crystal composition LC-1 was coated on the rubbing surface.
  • the film surface was aged for 60 seconds at a film surface temperature of 80 ° C., and then immediately irradiated with 500 mJ / cm 2 of ultraviolet light using an air-cooled metal halide lamp (manufactured by Eye Graphics Co., Ltd.) at a film surface temperature of 70 ° C. did.
  • the liquid crystal material thus obtained was coated with the protective layer composition AD-1 prepared above, dried at a film surface temperature of 80 ° C. for 60 seconds, and then air-laminated at 25 ° C. by Canon Inc.
  • the long axis of the stripe pattern of the mask is obtained by exposing the whole substrate at 200 ° C. with an exposure amount of 500 mJ / cm 2 for 5 minutes under nitrogen with an air-cooled metal halide lamp (made by Eye Graphics Co., Ltd.).
  • a pattern divided into two phase difference regions having a direction angle ⁇ of 1 ° is formed.
  • a first pattern retardation film in which a pattern fractionated into two was formed was produced.
  • the thickness of the retardation film was 2.1 ⁇ m.
  • the first polarizer, the first pattern retardation film, the second pattern retardation film, and the second polarizer were laminated in this order.
  • the angle formed by the transmission axis of the first polarizer and the slow axis of the retardation region (first retardation region) of the first pattern retardation film is 45 °
  • the transmission axis of the first polarizer and the second The angle between the retardation layer (third retardation region) of the pattern retardation film and the slow axis of the pattern retardation film is 135 °
  • the major axis direction angle ⁇ is 1 °.
  • a light control device was manufactured in which the angle formed by the transmission axis of the first polarizer and the transmission axis of the second polarizer was 90 ° (crossed Nicols).
  • the second pattern retardation film is moved in the direction of the movable axis.
  • the direction of the movable axis coincides with the direction of the X axis.
  • Example 3 is the same as Example 3 except that the pattern width of the stripe pattern of the first and second pattern retardation films is 200 ⁇ m and the angle ⁇ in the major axis direction of the stripe pattern is 10 °. 4 dimmers were produced.
  • Example 5 In the same manner as in Example 3, a first pattern retardation film and a second pattern retardation film are produced. However, the light control device of Example 5 was manufactured in the same manner as Example 3 except that the pattern width of the stripe pattern was 500 ⁇ m and the angle ⁇ in the major axis direction of the stripe pattern was 10 °.
  • Example 3 is the same as Example 3 except that the pattern width of the stripe pattern of the first and second pattern retardation films is 5 ⁇ m and the angle ⁇ in the major axis direction of the stripe pattern is 0.5 °.
  • the light control device of Example 6 was produced.
  • Example 3 a comparative example is the same as Example 3 except that the pattern width of the stripe pattern of the first and second pattern retardation films is 1000 ⁇ m and the angle ⁇ in the major axis direction of the stripe pattern is 90 °. 1 light control device was produced.
  • Example 3 a comparative example is the same as Example 3 except that the pattern width of the stripe pattern of the first and second pattern retardation films is 50 ⁇ m and the angle ⁇ in the major axis direction of the stripe pattern is 90 °.
  • the light control device of 2 was produced.
  • the relative movement amount is a relative movement amount necessary for moving the pattern retardation film before changing from a bright state to a dark state. The longer this distance, the easier the alignment. Further, as the pattern width becomes narrower, it is possible to realize a continuous gradation.
  • Table 1 summarizes the configuration and evaluation results of each example.
  • Examples 1, 3, and 4 have a sufficiently narrow pattern width and good gradation change, and can perform continuous light control.
  • Example 5 since the pattern width is slightly wide, it is presumed that the gradation change is slightly good. However, even if ⁇ is 10 °, a sufficient amount of movement can be secured.
  • Comparative Example 1 the pattern width is wide and the tone of two gradations is obtained, but it can be inferred that continuous light control is possible by setting the pattern width to 200 ⁇ m or less. From the above, the pattern width is 500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably the pattern width is 200 ⁇ m or less.
  • Example 2 it is more preferable to use a combination of an iso region and a ⁇ / 2 region or a combination of two ⁇ / 4 regions as a method for producing a pattern retardation film.
  • the slow axis direction of the liquid crystal rotates by 90 ° between two adjacent phase difference regions, so that a liquid crystal alignment defect occurs at the boundary portion of the phase difference region. Therefore, it is presumed that the gradation change is B evaluation.
  • Example 2 On the other hand, in the combination of the ⁇ / 4 regions of Example 1, it is surmised that the slow axis direction rotates only 45 ° between the phase difference regions, so that an alignment defect at the boundary portion hardly occurs and a good result is obtained.
  • Comparative Example 2 continuous light control is possible with a narrow pattern width, but it is difficult to control the movement amount for light control with a small relative movement amount. Even with the same pattern width, a sufficient amount of movement can be ensured by setting ⁇ to 1 ° as in the third embodiment. In Example 6, the pattern width is considerably narrow, and continuous light control can be performed. Thus, even when the pattern width is quite narrow, the amount of movement can be secured by tilting ⁇ to 0.5 °.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de réglage de lumière susceptible de régler la lumière dans un continuum. Un premier polariseur (20), un premier film à différence de phase de motif (30a) et un second film à différence de phase de motif (30b) et un second polariseur (22) sont empilés dans cet ordre, et les positions relatives du premier film à différence de phase de motif (30a) et du second film à différence de phase de motif (30b) sont déplacées dans une direction uniaxe (t). Le premier film à différence de phase de motif (30a) et le second film à différence de phase de motif (30b) sont formés avec un motif en bande dans lequel deux régions à différence de phase, dont une valeur de différence de phase et/ou une direction d'axe lent diffèrent l'une de l'autre, sont disposées en alternance avec la même largeur, ladite largeur étant au moins égale à 1 µm et au plus égale à 500 µm, une direction du côté long du motif en bande ayant une inclinaison par rapport à la direction uniaxe (t) dans une plage supérieure à 0° et inférieure à 90°.
PCT/JP2018/014824 2017-04-11 2018-04-06 Dispositif de réglage de lumière WO2018190282A1 (fr)

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