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WO2018184782A1 - Max phases as a coating, part, and use - Google Patents

Max phases as a coating, part, and use Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018184782A1
WO2018184782A1 PCT/EP2018/055440 EP2018055440W WO2018184782A1 WO 2018184782 A1 WO2018184782 A1 WO 2018184782A1 EP 2018055440 W EP2018055440 W EP 2018055440W WO 2018184782 A1 WO2018184782 A1 WO 2018184782A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
alc
component
coating
max phases
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/055440
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Nikolai Arjakine
Bernd Burbaum
Arturo Flores Renteria
Jacek Grodzki
Robert Herfurth
Matthias Jungbluth
Eike Kohlhoff
Thomas Lorenz
Khaled Maiz
Tobias MEIS
Torsten Neddemeyer
Werner Stamm
Britta Stöhr
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2018184782A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018184782A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/288—Protective coatings for blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/90—Coating; Surface treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
    • F05D2300/17—Alloys
    • F05D2300/175—Superalloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05D2300/611—Coating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to MAX phases as a coating, a component and a use of such components.
  • Components in high-temperature use and / or corrosive environments are often provided with protective coatings.
  • protective coatings For turbine components such as steam turbines or gas turbines, the corrosion and erosion protection layers are.
  • NiCoCrAlY coatings which contain both chromium (Cr) and aluminum (AI) as a reservoir for the formation of oxide layers, so-called thermally grown layers (TGO).
  • these protective layers may not be sufficient if, for. B. these layers as
  • the object is achieved by a layer according to claim 1, a component according to claim 4 and a use according to claim 7.
  • FIG. 1 shows a layer system 1 as an exemplary component 1 and FIG. 2 shows a list of superalloys.
  • a layer 7 of a MAX phase is applied (FIG. 1).
  • MAX phases have hexagonal carbides or nitrides with the general formula M m + i A n where n can be between 1 and 3.
  • M is an early transition metal such as scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, hafnium and / or tantalum.
  • A is an A group metal, which is mostly purple and IVa or group 13 and 14 elements such as aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, gallium, germanium, arsenic, cadmium, indium, tin, tellurium, lead and X. Carbon or nitrogen.
  • the MAX phases Cr 2 AlC, Mo 2 AlC, Zr 2 AlC, Nb 2 AlC, Ti 3 SiC 2 , Ti 3 AlC 2 , Ti 3 AlC are used.
  • Such layers 7 can be used in particular as overlay layers, i. H. the layer forms the outermost one
  • Layer of a coated component This may also be the third or fourth stage of turbine blades of a gas turbine, or at all turbine stages or foremost turbine stages of a steam turbine.
  • these coatings are advantageously used in the first or second row, since there is no TBC used and the layer of the MAX phase represents the outermost layer and the oxidation / corrosion is particularly strong.
  • TBC ceramic thermal barrier coating
  • the substrates 4 preferably have nickel- and / or cobalt-based superalloys, in particular as listed in FIG.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The use of MAX phases creates a large aluminum or chromium reservoir for forming oxidation-inhibiting layers.

Description

MAX-Phasen als Beschichtung, Bauteil und Verwendung  MAX phases as coating, component and use
Die Erfindung betrifft MAX-Phasen als Beschichtung, ein Bau- teil und eine Verwendung von solchen Bauteilen. The invention relates to MAX phases as a coating, a component and a use of such components.
Bauteile im Hochtemperatureinsatz und/oder korrosiver Umgebung werden oft mit Schutzschichten versehen. Bei Turbinenbauteilen wie bei Dampfturbinen oder Gasturbinen sind das Korrosions- und Erosionsschutzschichten. Components in high-temperature use and / or corrosive environments are often provided with protective coatings. For turbine components such as steam turbines or gas turbines, the corrosion and erosion protection layers are.
Bei Gasturbinen ist diese Schutzfunktion insbesondere ein Oxidationsschutz . Dabei werden NiCoCrAlY-Beschichtungen ver- wendet, die sowohl Chrom (Cr) als auch Aluminium (AI) als Reservoir zur Bildung von Oxidschichten, sogenannten thermisch gewachsenen Schichten (TGO) , aufweisen. In gas turbines, this protective function is particularly an oxidation protection. NiCoCrAlY coatings are used, which contain both chromium (Cr) and aluminum (AI) as a reservoir for the formation of oxide layers, so-called thermally grown layers (TGO).
In bestimmten Fällen kann der Aluminiumgehalt dieser Schutz - schichten nicht ausreichen, wenn z. B. diese Schichten alsIn certain cases, the aluminum content of these protective layers may not be sufficient if, for. B. these layers as
Overlay-Schichten verwendet werden oder aufgrund der Wechselwirkung aufgrund Diffusion mit dem Substrat höhere Aluminiumgehalte in der Beschichtung nicht sinnvoll erscheinen. Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung oben genanntes Problem zu lösen . Overlay layers are used or due to the interaction due to diffusion with the substrate higher aluminum levels in the coating do not appear to make sense. It is therefore an object of the invention to solve the above-mentioned problem.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Schicht gemäß Anspruch 1, ein Bauteil nach Anspruch 4 und eine Verwendung gemäß An- spruch 7. The object is achieved by a layer according to claim 1, a component according to claim 4 and a use according to claim 7.
In den Unteransprüchen sind weitere vorteilhafte Maßnahmen aufgelistet, die beliebig miteinander kombiniert werden können, um weitere Vorteile zu erzielen. In the dependent claims further advantageous measures are listed, which can be combined with each other in order to achieve further advantages.
Die Idee besteht darin, MAX-Phasen als Schicht zu verwenden. Die Figur 1 zeigt ein Schichtsystem 1 als beispielshaftes Bauteil 1 und Figur 2 eine Liste von Superlegierungen . The idea is to use MAX phases as a layer. FIG. 1 shows a layer system 1 as an exemplary component 1 and FIG. 2 shows a list of superalloys.
Die Figuren und die Beschreibung stellen nur Ausführungsbei - spiele der Erfindung dar. The figures and the description represent only embodiments of the invention.
Auf einem Substrat 4 ist eine Schicht 7 aus einer MAX-Phase aufgebracht (Fig. 1) . On a substrate 4, a layer 7 of a MAX phase is applied (FIG. 1).
MAX-Phasen weisen hexagonale Karbide oder Nitride auf mit der allgemeinen Formel Mm+iAn wobei n zwischen 1 und 3 sein kann. M ist ein frühes Übergangsmetall wie Scandium, Titan, Vanadium, Chrom, Zirkon, Niob, Molybdän, Hafnium und/oder Tantal. A ist ein A-Gruppen-Metall , also größtenteils lila und IVa oder Gruppe 13 und 14 Elemente, wie zum Beispiel Aluminium, Silizium, Phosphor, Schwefel, Gallium, Germanium, Arsen, Kadmium, Indium, Zinn, Tellur, Blei und X ist Kohlenstoff oder Stickstoff . MAX phases have hexagonal carbides or nitrides with the general formula M m + i A n where n can be between 1 and 3. M is an early transition metal such as scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, hafnium and / or tantalum. A is an A group metal, which is mostly purple and IVa or group 13 and 14 elements such as aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, gallium, germanium, arsenic, cadmium, indium, tin, tellurium, lead and X. Carbon or nitrogen.
Vorzugsweise werden die MAX-Phasen Cr2AlC, Mo2AlC, Zr2AlC, Nb2AlC, Ti3SiC2, Ti3AlC2, Ti3AlC verwendet. Preferably, the MAX phases Cr 2 AlC, Mo 2 AlC, Zr 2 AlC, Nb 2 AlC, Ti 3 SiC 2 , Ti 3 AlC 2 , Ti 3 AlC are used.
Durch den hohen Aluminium- und Chromanteil besteht ein großes Reservoir für die Bildung von Oxidationsschutzschichten . Due to the high aluminum and chrome content, there is a large reservoir for the formation of oxidation protection layers.
Solche Schichten 7 können insbesondere als Overlay-Schichten verwendet werden, d. h. die Schicht bildet die äußerste Such layers 7 can be used in particular as overlay layers, i. H. the layer forms the outermost one
Schicht eines beschichteten Bauteils. Dies kann auch die dritte oder vierte Stufe von Turbinenschaufeln einer Gasturbine sein, oder auch auf allen Turbinenstufen oder vordersten Turbinenstufen einer Dampfturbine. Layer of a coated component. This may also be the third or fourth stage of turbine blades of a gas turbine, or at all turbine stages or foremost turbine stages of a steam turbine.
Bei dem Einsatz von Schweröl bei der Befeuerung von Gasturbinen werden diese Beschichtungen vorteilhafterweise in der ersten oder zweiten Reihe eingesetzt, da dort keine TBC verwendet wird und die Schicht aus der MAX-Phase die äußerste Schicht darstellt sowie die Oxidation/Korrosion besonders stark ist. Die Aufbringung einer keramischen Wärmedämmschicht (TBC) auf die Schicht 7 mit der MAX-Phase ist auch denkbar. Das sind dann besondere Materialien wie Zr02, insbesondere teilstabilisierte Zr02 oder DVC-TBC. When using heavy fuel oil in gas turbines, these coatings are advantageously used in the first or second row, since there is no TBC used and the layer of the MAX phase represents the outermost layer and the oxidation / corrosion is particularly strong. The application of a ceramic thermal barrier coating (TBC) on the layer 7 with the MAX phase is also conceivable. These are then special materials such as Zr0 2 , in particular partially stabilized Zr0 2 or DVC-TBC.
Die Substrate 4 weisen vorzugsweise nickel- und/oder kobaltbasierte Superlegierungen auf, insbesondere wie in Figur 2 aufgelistet . The substrates 4 preferably have nickel- and / or cobalt-based superalloys, in particular as listed in FIG.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Schicht (7) , 1st layer (7),
die zumindest eine MAX-Phase aufweist.  which has at least one MAX phase.
2. Schicht nach Anspruch 1, 2. Layer according to claim 1,
bei dem die MAX-Phase eine aluminium- und/oder chromhaltige und/oder siliziumhaltige MAX-Phase darstellt.  in which the MAX phase represents an aluminum and / or chromium-containing and / or silicon-containing MAX phase.
3. Schicht nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, 3. Layer according to claim 1 or 2,
bei dem die MAX-Phase Cr2AlC, Mo2AlC, Zr2AlC, Nb2AlC, wherein the MAX phase is Cr 2 AlC, Mo 2 AlC, Zr 2 AlC, Nb 2 AlC,
Ti3SiC2, Ti3AlC2, Ti3AlC aufweist. Ti 3 SiC 2 , Ti 3 AlC 2 , Ti 3 AlC.
4. Bauteil (1) , 4. component (1),
aufweisend eine Schicht (7) nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1, 2 oder 3,  comprising a layer (7) according to one or more of claims 1, 2 or 3,
insbesondere ein Turbinenbauteil.  in particular a turbine component.
5. Bauteil nach Anspruch 4, 5. Component according to claim 4,
bei dem das Substrat (4) eine nickel- oder kobaltbasierte Superlegierung aufweist.  wherein the substrate (4) comprises a nickel- or cobalt-based superalloy.
6. Bauteil nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, 6. Component according to claim 4 or 5,
bei dem die Schicht (7) die äußerste Schicht darstellt.  in which the layer (7) represents the outermost layer.
7. Verwendung eines Bauteils (1) nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 4, 5 oder 6 für den Einsatz in einer Gastur- bine im Betrieb mit Schweröl. 7. Use of a component (1) according to one or more of claims 4, 5 or 6 for use in a gas turbine in operation with heavy oil.
PCT/EP2018/055440 2017-04-05 2018-03-06 Max phases as a coating, part, and use WO2018184782A1 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020083493A1 (en) * 2018-10-25 2020-04-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Max phase coupons for high temperature applications and method
WO2021044093A1 (en) * 2019-09-06 2021-03-11 Safran Coated part comprising a protective coating based on max phases

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018205183A1 (en) * 2018-04-06 2019-10-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Oxidation protection for MAX phases

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US20060088435A1 (en) * 2004-05-26 2006-04-27 Honeywell International, Inc. Ternary carbide and nitride materials having tribological applications and methods of making same
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WO2015080839A1 (en) * 2013-11-26 2015-06-04 United Technologies Corporation Gas turbine engine component coating with self-healing barrier layer

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EP2740819A1 (en) * 2012-12-04 2014-06-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Alloy of aluminium rich MAX phases, powders and layer system
WO2015080839A1 (en) * 2013-11-26 2015-06-04 United Technologies Corporation Gas turbine engine component coating with self-healing barrier layer

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020083493A1 (en) * 2018-10-25 2020-04-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Max phase coupons for high temperature applications and method
WO2021044093A1 (en) * 2019-09-06 2021-03-11 Safran Coated part comprising a protective coating based on max phases
FR3100545A1 (en) * 2019-09-06 2021-03-12 Safran COATED PART INCLUDING A PROTECTIVE COATING BASED ON MAX PHASES
CN114502773A (en) * 2019-09-06 2022-05-13 赛峰集团 Coated component comprising a protective coating based on a MAX phase
CN114502773B (en) * 2019-09-06 2023-11-17 赛峰集团 Coated component comprising a MAX phase based protective coating
US12195857B2 (en) 2019-09-06 2025-01-14 Safran Coated part comprising a protective coating based on MAX phases

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