WO2018002059A9 - Microalgue modifiée pour une production enrichie en tag - Google Patents
Microalgue modifiée pour une production enrichie en tag Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018002059A9 WO2018002059A9 PCT/EP2017/065869 EP2017065869W WO2018002059A9 WO 2018002059 A9 WO2018002059 A9 WO 2018002059A9 EP 2017065869 W EP2017065869 W EP 2017065869W WO 2018002059 A9 WO2018002059 A9 WO 2018002059A9
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- microalgae
- elongase
- seq
- tag
- gene
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- 101150112348 tubR gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/10—Transferases (2.)
- C12N9/1025—Acyltransferases (2.3)
- C12N9/1029—Acyltransferases (2.3) transferring groups other than amino-acyl groups (2.3.1)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/12—Unicellular algae; Culture media therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
- C12P7/6436—Fatty acid esters
- C12P7/6445—Glycerides
- C12P7/6463—Glycerides obtained from glyceride producing microorganisms, e.g. single cell oil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y203/00—Acyltransferases (2.3)
- C12Y203/01—Acyltransferases (2.3) transferring groups other than amino-acyl groups (2.3.1)
- C12Y203/01199—Very-long-chain 3-oxoacyl-CoA synthase (2.3.1.199)
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a microalga genetically modified by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme elongase- ⁇ (or ⁇ -ELO), having as substrate palmitic acid, a saturated fatty acid, and associated with the production of MGDG (Mono -Galactosyl-diacyl-Glycerol). It also relates to a process for culturing said microalgae for a production enriched in TAG (tri-acyl-glycerols) and the recovery of said TAGs.
- MGDG Mono -Galactosyl-diacyl-Glycerol
- Synthetic routes of polyunsaturated long chain fatty acids have been studied and are known to those skilled in the art for plants and microalgae. They generally consist of the synthesis of oleic acid, a C18 fatty acid carrying a double bond (18: 1), and linoleic acid (18: 2), in the form of thioesters with Coenzyme A, then, in a series of elongations with creation of unsaturations by the alternating action of elongases and desaturases.
- Nannochloropsis elongases active on desaturated fatty acids (containing double bonds) have been described in the state of the art (Cook and Hildebrand, 2015, Jung et al., 2007, Kihara, 2012, Lee et al., 2006, Ramakrishnan et al. et al., 2012, Tehlivets et al., 2007). Nannochloropsis elongases, active on desaturated fatty acids are also described in US Patent 8,809,046.
- the application WO 2014/207043 describes the preparation of microalgae genetically modified by KO (knock-out) of certain genes.
- KO knock-out
- TALE-Nuclease for targeted mutagenesis of genes in microalgae is described.
- gene targeting including the targeting of an A6-ELO elongase, active on a fatty acid carrying a double bond in the ⁇ 6 position.
- the present invention relates to genetically modified microalgae in which ⁇ -ELO elongase activity is inhibited.
- the invention relates to genetically modified microalgae chosen from microalgae comprising photosynthetically active organelles, in particular of the genera Crypthecodinium, Chlorella, Cyclotella, Euglena, Haematococcus, Isochrysis, Monodus, Nanochloris, Nannochloropsis, Nitzschia, Odontella, Phaeodactylum, Scenedesmus, Tetraselmis, and Thalassiosira.
- photosynthetically active organelles in particular of the genera Crypthecodinium, Chlorella, Cyclotella, Euglena, Haematococcus, Isochrysis, Monodus, Nanochloris, Nannochloropsis, Nitzschia, Odontella, Phaeodactylum, Scenedesmus, Tetraselmis, and Thalassiosira.
- the invention relates to microalgae for which the elongase ⁇ -ELO activity is multigene, and more preferentially when only the activity of the ⁇ -ELO elongase associated with the production of MGDG is inhibited.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing a TAG-enriched biomass which comprises culturing genetically modified microalgae according to the invention on a culture medium that is suitable for promoting the growth and multiplication of the cells of the microorganisms.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing TAG which comprises obtaining the TAG-enriched biomass and isolating the TAGs thus produced. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
- Figure 1 shows the reconstructed pathway of biosynthesis of very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in Nannochloropsis gaditana.
- the synthesis of fatty acids in the chloroplast can generate 16: 0 precursors (acid palmitic), 18: 0 (stearic acid) and 18: 1 (oleic acid) which are exported to the cytosol.
- Desaturation of 18: 0 in 18: 1 can be done either by chloroplast stearoyl-acp A9-desaturase (SAD) desorption or endoplasmic reticulum A9-desaturase (ERA9FAD).
- SAD chloroplast stearoyl-acp A9-desaturase
- ERA9FAD endoplasmic reticulum A9-desaturase
- Elongases identified as capable of transforming a 16: 0 saturated substrate are designated ⁇ -ELO.
- Elongases identified as capable of transforming an unsaturated substrate with a double bond at ⁇ 6 (18: 3) are designated ⁇ -ELO.
- Those identified as capable of transforming an unsaturated substrate with a double bond at position ⁇ 5 (20: 5) are designated ⁇ 5-ELO.
- FIG. 2 represents the sequences of six ⁇ -ELO saturated fatty acid elongases of Nannochloropsis gaditana: Naga_100083g23 (SEQ ID No. 1), Naga_100162g4 (SEQ ID No. 2), Naga_100004g 102 (SEQ ID No. 3), Naga_100399g1 (SEQ ID No. No. 4), Naga_100162g5 (SEQ ID No. 5) and Naga_100017g49 (SEQ ID No. 6).
- Figure 3 represents the phylogenetic tree of putative fatty acid elongases or identified in the literature as representative groups of eukaryotes.
- the selected sequences cover the biodiversity of eukaryotes, including Opisthokontes, eg Fungi (Saccharomyces) and Metazoa (Drosophila, Musca, Apis, Bombus, Caenorhabditis, Homo, Mus, Gallus), Heterokontes (Phaeodactylum, Thalassiosira, Ectocarpus, Phytophthora, Albugo, Saprolegnia, Aphanomyces), Apicomplexa (Toxoplasma, Neospora, Eimeria, Cryptosporidium, Plasmodium, Gregarina), Haptophytes (Emiliania), Cryptomonads (Guillardia) and Kinetoplastida (Trypanosoma, Leishmania).
- Opisthokontes eg Fung
- the amino acid sequences were aligned with the MUSCLE program and the phylogenetic tree constructed by the Neighbor-Joining method.
- a star indicates the sequences characterized or proposed as elongases in the literature (Cook and Hildebrand, 2015, Jung et al., 2007, Kihara, 2012, Lee et al., 2006, Ramakrishnan et al., 2012, Tehlivets et al., 2007).
- Figure 4 shows the amino acid sequence of the NgAO-ELO1 elongase (Naga_100083g23). Characteristic patterns of elongases have been identified following (Dnie and Weissman, 2007) and (Hashimoto et al., 2008): a pattern HxxHH in an environment rich in arginine (R) and lysine (K) is essential for 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase activity for elongation of saturated or monounsaturated fatty acids; a LYF motif also present in the yeast elongase sequences of the Fenl p superfamily which accepts fatty acids with an acyl chain of 18 to 24 carbon atoms as substrates; a retention signal in the endoplasmic reticulum associated with a K-rich motif in the C-terminal portion (Jackson et al., 1990); seven predicted transmembrane domains (PM) with the TMHMM Server v. 2.0 (www.cbs.dt
- FIG. 5 represents an alignment of the Nano-Hoganum gaditana elongase sequence Naga_100083g23 with a Phaeodactylum ⁇ -elongase (SEQ ID No. 7) with the Smith-Waterman method with Blossum 62 comparison matrix (Rice et al., 2000): Matrix: EBLOSUM62, "Gap_penalty”: 10.0, "Extend_penalty”: 0.5, Length: 287, Identity: 123/237 (51, 9%), Similarity: 161/237 (67.9%), Gaps: 2/237 ( 0.8%), Score: 690.5.
- Figure 6 shows an alignment of the elongase sequence of
- Nannochloropsis gaditana Naga_100083g23 with a Thalassiosira ⁇ -elongase (SEQ ID NO 8) with the Smith-Waterman method with Blossum 62 comparison matrix (Rice et al., 2000): Matrix: EBLOSUM62, "Gap_penalty”: 10.0, Extend_penalty ": 0.5, Length: 237, Identity: 135/287 (47.0%), Similarity: 178/287 (62.0%), Gaps: 16/287 (5.6%), Score: 713.5.
- Figure 7 shows the overall fatty acid analysis of wild-type (WT) and KO-transformed Nannochloropsis gaditana lines of the NgA0-ELO1 elongase gene (NgA0-ELO1-KO).
- FIG. 8 represents the glycerolipid profile of wild-type Nannochloropsis gaditana (WT) lines transformed by KO of the NgA0-ELO1 elongase gene (NgA0-ELO1-KO): phosphatidylglycerol (PG), monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), digalactosyldiacylglycerol ( DGDG), sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG), diacylglyceryltrimethylhomoserine (DGTS), lyso-DGTS (LDGTS), (PC), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), t acylglycerol (TAG) and diacylglycerol (DAG).
- PG phosphatidylglycerol
- MGDG monogalactosyldiacylglyce
- FIG. 9 represents the growth and the biomass obtained by the culture of wild-type Nannochloropsis gaditana (WT) lines transformed by KO of the NgA0-ELO1 elongase gene (NgA0-ELO1 -KO). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
- the present invention relates to genetically modified microalgae in which ⁇ -ELO elongase activity is inhibited.
- ⁇ -ELO elongases are those that accept a saturated fatty acid as a substrate, particularly palmitic acid.
- the microalgae according to the invention make it possible to produce more TAGs than the corresponding microalgae whose elongase activity is not inhibited (FIG. 8) while having growth and biomass production properties that are not substantially affected in relation to the TAG. to the corresponding unmodified strain (Figure 9).
- the microalgae according to the invention are genetically modified so that the elongase ⁇ -ELO activity is inhibited, more particularly the elongase ⁇ -ELO activity associated with the production of MGDG (Mono-Galactosyl-Diacyl-Glycerol).
- MGDG Mono-Galactosyl-Diacyl-Glycerol
- genetically modified is meant according to the invention any modification of the genome of microalgae obtained by human intervention or under human control consisting in introducing into the genome of microalgae a heterologous nucleic acid sequence. This modification results in enriching the genome of the genetically modified microalgae with the addition of new sequences and / or reducing it by eliminating fragments of native sequences.
- heterologous nucleic acid sequence is meant any synthetic sequence prepared by or under the control of a human, in particular by copying a natural gene by any replication technique known as PCR, by assembly of natural gene fragments, with introduction or not of mutations. It may be a sequence coding for a gene of interest with or without sequences for regulating its expression in a host organism, or synthetic fragments without a function other than introducing into a target gene a mutation intended to inhibit its expression (KO).
- the heterologous nucleic acid sequence advantageously comprises nucleic acid fragments making it possible to target its introduction into a target gene by any known recombination technique. homologous or targeting of DNA sequence.
- Microalgae transformation techniques are well known to those skilled in the art. As well as gene targeting techniques. In particular (Kilian et al., 201 1) or the application WO 2014/207043.
- the invention is particularly suitable for microalgae comprising organelles with photosynthetic activity such as chloroplasts.
- the effect obtained has been more particularly identified for such microalgae which produce the precursor 16: 0 (palmitoyl-CoA) in chloroplasts.
- microalgae are well known to those skilled in the art. Mention may in particular be made of microalgae of the genera Crypthecodinium, Chlorella, Cyclotella, Euglena, Haematococcus, Isochrysis, Monodus, Nanochloris, Nannochloropsis, Nitzschia, Odontella, Phaeodactylum, Scenedesmus, Tetraselmis, and Thalassiosira.
- the inventors have been able to demonstrate that the elongase ⁇ -ELO activity could be multigene in microalgae.
- the invention is more particularly adapted to inhibit the ⁇ -ELO elongase activity in microalgae for which the ⁇ -ELO elongase activity is multigene, more particularly when only the ⁇ -ELO elongase activity associated with the production of MGDG is inhibited.
- the invention is more particularly suitable for microalgae whose inhibited elongase ⁇ -ELO activity is encoded by a gene encoding a protein of SEQ ID NO 1 or a homologous sequence comprising at least 40% identity, preferably at least 45% identity with SEQ ID NO 1 and comprises an HxxHH motif in an environment rich in R- and K-, and a K-rich motif in its C-terminal part.
- the homologous sequences have at least 100 amino acids identical to those of SEQ ID NO 1, preferably at least 120 identical amino acids.
- microalgae according to the invention are chosen from the microalgae of the genera Phaeodactylum, Thalassiosira and Nannochloropsis identified to have genes coding for sequences homologous to SEQ ID NO 1, in particular the proteins represented by SEQ ID No. 7 and SEQ ID NO.
- the microalgae are of the species Nannochloropsis gaditana which comprises a gene coding for the elongase represented by SEQ ID No. 1.
- the microorganism can be modified to promote the production of a substrate that binds to the enzyme in competition with the 16: 0 fatty acid.
- the microorganism can also be modified to express a nucleic acid that will inhibit the translation of the gene encoding ⁇ -ELO elongase.
- the microorganism can also be modified to express a nucleic acid that will inhibit transcription of the gene encoding ⁇ -ELO elongase.
- the microalgae are transformed by the introduction of a mutation in the gene coding for ⁇ -ELO elongase.
- This mutation has the effect of inhibiting the expression of the gene (KO).
- the mutation may consist of the addition of a nucleic acid or a nucleic acid fragment so as to insert a "stop" codon into the coding part of the gene.
- the mutation may also consist of a deletion of nucleic acid fragments in the gene, in the promoter regulatory sequence and / or in the coding sequence.
- the mutation may consist of a complete suppression of the targeted genome gene of genetically modified microalgae.
- the genetically modified microalgae are KO-modified Nannochloropsis gaditana of the Naga_100083g23 gene coding for the elongase ⁇ -ELOI of SEQ ID No. 1.
- the invention also relates to the production of a biomass enriched in TAG (Tri-Acyl-Glycerols), comprising culturing microalgae genetically modified according to the invention in a culture medium suitable for promoting their growth and their cell multiplication.
- microalgae cultivation methods are well known to those skilled in the art, whether in the autotrophic, heterotrophic or mixotrophic mode.
- the culture is carried out with light supply in autotrophic or mixotrophic mode.
- those skilled in the art will be able to adapt the culture conditions, in particular the composition of the medium, the conditions for adding nutrients during the cultivation, the cycles of temperature, oxygenation and the lighting conditions to favor biomass production.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing TAG (Tri-Acyl-Glycerols), comprising obtaining a TAG-enriched biomass according to the invention and isolating TAG from biomass.
- Methods for isolating TAGs from biomass are well known to those skilled in the art. Processes comprising steps for recovering biomass from the culture medium, for example by filtration or centrifugation, followed by drying before extracting the fat, including TAG by pressing, are mentioned.
- the methods described by Bligh, E.G. and Dyer, W.J. (1959) or in the application WO 1997/037032 are described.
- the isolated TAGs can also be purified by known methods of purification such as liquid / liquid extraction or distillation under reduced pressure.
- the invention also relates to a TAG-enriched biomass obtained by the process according to the invention.
- biomass according to the invention is advantageously understood to mean a set of microalgae cells produced by their culture, cells which may or may not have retained their physical integrity. It is therefore understood that said biomass may comprise a quantity of degraded microalgae cells ranging from 0% to 100%.
- degraded is meant that the physical integrity of said microalgae cells could be altered such as lysed microalgae, resulting for example from a homogenization process. Once produced, this biomass can be raw, in its culture medium or isolated from the latter, dried or not, degraded or not.
- the invention finally relates to the TAGs obtained by the process according to the invention, in particular a TAG enriched oil which has not been substantially modified with respect to the oil extracted from the biomass according to the invention.
- Nannochloropsis gaditana CCMP526 (NgWT) and mutants are maintained in f / 2 medium (Guillard and Ryther, 1962) containing modified sea salts (NaCl, 21, 194 gL 1 , Na 2 SO 4 , 3, 55 gL-1; KCI 0.599 gL-1;
- the cells are stored at -80 ° C. in DMSO or can be maintained on 1.5% agar plates supplemented in f / 2 medium and subcultured every month.
- the cell densities are measured by absorbance at 750 nm of 300 ⁇ culture aliquots (TECAN infinity M1000Pro). All measurements are made on at least three biological samples, each representing an individual culture of the same strain.
- the transformation vector comprises a p35S-LoxP cassette, a zeocin resistance gene (ZEO, CDS 3078-3448) under the control of the ubiquitin promoter and the FcpA terminator of Phaeodactylum tricornutum.
- ZO zeocin resistance gene
- Two flanking regions containing the restriction enzyme recognition sites specific for the targeted gene to allow knockout by insertion into genomic DNA by homologous recombination after transformation (Kilian et al., 201 1).
- flanking sequences of the Naga_100083g23 gene are amplified by PCR with oligonucleotide pairs 5'-gttgggaataatgcgggacc-3 '(SEQ ID NO 9) and 5'-ccgctttggtttcacagtca-3' (SEQ ID NO 10) for the terminal flank and 5'-acgatgggtatgttgcttgc-3 '(SEQ ID NO 1 1) and 5'-tgtacagggcggatttcact-3 '(SEQ ID No. 12) for the upstream flank.
- CCMP526 with the transformation vector is carried out according to the method described by Killian et al. with the following modifications: 10 8 NgWT cells are harvested during the exponential growth phase) at a concentration of 30 6 cells. mL -1 , washed twice with 375 mM D-sorbitol and then resuspended in a final volume of 100 ⁇ . The recombination cassette is digested with the vector and 1 ⁇ g of digestion product is mixed with the suspension. After 15 minutes of incubation on ice, the cells are electroporated (NEPA21 Type II, Sonidel Ltd., MicroPulser BioRad).
- the transformation mixture is transferred into 5 mL of f / 2 medium and incubated for 16 hours under continuous light irradiation.
- the cells are then seeded on agar plates with 1.5% f / 2 medium and 7 ⁇ g.ml -1 zeocin, colonies are obtained after 3 to 4 weeks of incubation under continuous light.
- Genotyping of KO mutants Naga_100083g23 was performed by PCR by looking for the presence of the flanking sequences of the zeocin resistance gene and by the absence of the Naga_100083g23 gene with the following oligonucleotide pairs: 5'-gaggaatgtgtgtggttggg-3 '(SEQ ID NO 13) for zeocin resistance gene promoter and 5'-gccgtattgttggagtggac-3 '(SEQ ID NO 14) for the terminator sequence; 5'-gacacttctctgccttgcc-3 '(SEQ ID NO 15) and 5'-atggtggtaccagtggagga-3' (SEQ ID NO 16) for the gene Naga_100083g23.
- Glycerolipid analyzes show a relationship between the KO of the gene
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US16/308,226 US10724011B2 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2017-06-27 | Alga modified for increased tag production |
AU2017288438A AU2017288438B2 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2017-06-27 | Alga modified for increased tag production |
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GB0107510D0 (en) * | 2001-03-26 | 2001-05-16 | Univ Bristol | New elongase gene and a process for the production of -9-polyunsaturated fatty acids |
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AU2017288438A1 (en) | 2019-01-03 |
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US10724011B2 (en) | 2020-07-28 |
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