WO2017061303A1 - 液晶表示素子用シール剤、上下導通材料、及び、液晶表示素子 - Google Patents
液晶表示素子用シール剤、上下導通材料、及び、液晶表示素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017061303A1 WO2017061303A1 PCT/JP2016/078392 JP2016078392W WO2017061303A1 WO 2017061303 A1 WO2017061303 A1 WO 2017061303A1 JP 2016078392 W JP2016078392 W JP 2016078392W WO 2017061303 A1 WO2017061303 A1 WO 2017061303A1
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- Prior art keywords
- meth
- acrylate
- liquid crystal
- crystal display
- epoxy
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K thiophosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=S RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000013008 thixotropic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- JRSJRHKJPOJTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(2-phenylethenyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 JRSJRHKJPOJTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioxidane Chemical compound OOO JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRPURDFRFHUDSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OCC=C)C(C(=O)OCC=C)=C1 GRPURDFRFHUDSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/10—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
- C08F2/48—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light
- C08F2/50—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light with sensitising agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/26—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
- C08F220/32—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing epoxy radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/04—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- C09K2200/0441—Carboxylic acids, salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sealant for a liquid crystal display element that is excellent in photocurability, adhesiveness, and moisture permeation prevention. Moreover, this invention relates to the vertical conduction material and liquid crystal display element which use this sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element such as a liquid crystal display cell has been disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 from the conventional vacuum injection method from the viewpoint of shortening tact time and optimizing the amount of liquid crystal used.
- a liquid crystal dropping method called a dripping method using such a photothermal combined curing type sealant has become the mainstream.
- a rectangular seal pattern is formed on one of two transparent substrates with electrodes by dispensing.
- a liquid crystal micro-droplet is dropped on the entire surface of the transparent substrate frame in a state where the sealant is uncured, and the other transparent substrate is immediately overlaid, and the seal portion is irradiated with light such as ultraviolet rays for temporary curing.
- heating is performed at the time of liquid crystal annealing to perform main curing, and a liquid crystal display element is manufactured. If the substrates are bonded together under reduced pressure, a liquid crystal display element can be manufactured with extremely high efficiency.
- liquid crystal display elements are increasingly required to have moisture resistance reliability in driving in high-temperature and high-humidity environments, and the performance of sealing agents to prevent water from entering from the outside. Is further demanded.
- it is necessary to improve the adhesion between the sealing agent and the substrate and to make the cured product of the sealing agent excellent in moisture permeation prevention.
- it has been difficult to achieve both adhesiveness and moisture permeation preventive properties in the sealing agent.
- the present invention relates to an epoxy (meth) acrylate having one or more (meth) acryloyl groups in one molecule, an epoxy compound having one or more epoxy groups in one molecule, and two or more in one molecule.
- a polyfunctional maleimide compound having a maleimide group, and the content of the epoxy (meth) acrylate in a total of 100 parts by weight of the epoxy (meth) acrylate and the epoxy compound exceeds 50 parts by weight and is 90 parts by weight or less. It is the sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements which is.
- the present invention is described in detail below.
- the inventor of the present invention provides a liquid crystal display element sealing agent containing a (meth) acrylic compound and an epoxy compound, further containing a polyfunctional maleimide compound, thereby preventing moisture permeation of the liquid crystal display element sealing agent.
- the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements has a problem of insufficient photocurability and adhesiveness. Therefore, the present inventor further uses an epoxy (meth) acrylate as the (meth) acrylic compound, and by setting the content of the epoxy (meth) acrylate to a specific range, photocurability, adhesiveness, and moisture permeability.
- the present inventors have found that a sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements having excellent prevention properties can be obtained, and have completed the present invention.
- liquid-crystal contamination can also be suppressed by using the sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements of this invention.
- (meth) acryl means acryl or methacryl
- (meth) acrylate means acrylate or methacrylate
- epoxy (meth) acrylate means epoxy. It represents a compound obtained by reacting an epoxy group in a compound with (meth) acrylic acid.
- the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of this invention contains the epoxy (meth) acrylate which has a 1 or more (meth) acryloyl group in 1 molecule.
- the “(meth) acryloyl” means acryloyl or methacryloyl.
- the said epoxy (meth) acrylate is not limited to the compound which reacted all the epoxy groups in an epoxy compound with (meth) acrylic acid, As mentioned later, a partial (meth) acryl modified epoxy resin is also said epoxy ( Included in (meth) acrylate.
- the epoxy (meth) acrylate is preferably one having two or more (meth) acryloyl groups in one molecule because of its high reactivity.
- Examples of the epoxy (meth) acrylate include those obtained by reacting an epoxy compound and (meth) acrylic acid in the presence of a basic catalyst according to a conventional method.
- Examples of the epoxy compound as a raw material for synthesizing the epoxy (meth) acrylate include bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, bisphenol S type epoxy resin, and 2,2′-diallyl bisphenol A type epoxy resin. , Hydrogenated bisphenol type epoxy resin, propylene oxide added bisphenol A type epoxy resin, resorcinol type epoxy resin, biphenyl type epoxy resin, sulfide type epoxy resin, diphenyl ether type epoxy resin, dicyclopentadiene type epoxy resin, naphthalene type epoxy resin, phenol Novolac epoxy resin, orthocresol novolac epoxy resin, dicyclopentadiene novolac epoxy resin, biphenyl novolac epoxy resin, naphtha Ren phenol novolak type epoxy resin, glycidyl amine type epoxy resin, alkyl polyol type epoxy resin, rubber-modified epoxy resins, glycidyl ester compounds.
- Examples of commercially available diphenyl ether type epoxy resins include YSLV-80DE (manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd.).
- Examples of commercially available dicyclopentadiene type epoxy resins include EP-4088S (manufactured by ADEKA).
- Examples of commercially available naphthalene type epoxy resins include Epicron HP4032, Epicron EXA-4700 (both manufactured by DIC) and the like.
- Examples of commercially available phenol novolac epoxy resins include Epicron N-770 (manufactured by DIC).
- Examples of the ortho-cresol novolac type epoxy resin that are commercially available include epiclone N-670-EXP-S (manufactured by DIC).
- Examples of commercially available glycidylamine type epoxy resins include jER630 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical), Epicron 430 (manufactured by DIC), and TETRAD-X (manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical).
- Examples of commercially available alkyl polyol type epoxy resins include ZX-1542 (manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd.), Epiklon 726 (manufactured by DIC), Epolite 80MFA (manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.), Denacol EX-611. (Manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation).
- Examples of commercially available rubber-modified epoxy resins include YR-450, YR-207 (both manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd.), Epolide PB (manufactured by Daicel Corporation), and the like.
- Examples of commercially available glycidyl ester compounds include Denacol EX-147 (manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation).
- Other commercially available epoxy compounds include, for example, YDC-1312, YSLV-80XY, YSLV-90CR (all manufactured by NS Also, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), EXA-7120 (DIC Corporation), TEPIC (Nissan Chemical Corporation) and the like.
- Examples of commercially available epoxy (meth) acrylates include, for example, EBECRYL860, EBECRYL3200, EBECRYL3201, EBECRYL3412, EBECRYL3600, EBECRYL3700, EBECRYL3701, EBECRYL3702, EBECRYL3703, EBECRY3603 EA-1010, EA-1020, EA-5323, EA-5520, EA-CHD, EMA-1020 (all manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.), epoxy ester M-600A, epoxy ester 40EM, epoxy ester 70PA, epoxy Ester 200PA, epoxy ester 80MFA Epoxy ester 3002M, Epoxy ester 3002A, Epoxy ester 1600A, Epoxy ester 3000M, Epoxy ester 3000A, Epoxy ester 200EA, Epoxy ester 400EA (all manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.), Denacol acrylate DA-141, Den
- a partial (meth) acryl-modified epoxy resin is also preferably used as the epoxy (meth) acrylate.
- the partial (meth) acryl-modified epoxy resin can be obtained by reacting an epoxy group of a part of two or more epoxy compounds with (meth) acrylic acid.
- the epoxy (meth) acrylate is an aliphatic compound that does not have an aromatic skeleton because the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements obtained can be excellent in both adhesiveness and flexibility of a cured product. It is preferable to contain an epoxy (meth) acrylate.
- the content of the epoxy (meth) acrylate in a total of 100 parts by weight of the epoxy (meth) acrylate and the epoxy compound is more than 50 parts by weight and 90 parts by weight or less.
- the content of the epoxy (meth) acrylate is 50 parts by weight or less, the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements is inferior in photocurability and adhesiveness or causes liquid crystal contamination.
- content of the said epoxy (meth) acrylate exceeds 90 weight part, the sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements obtained will be inferior to moisture-permeable prevention property and adhesive force.
- the minimum with preferable content of the said epoxy (meth) acrylate is 60 weight part, and a preferable upper limit is 85 weight part.
- the content of the said epoxy (meth) acrylate is the epoxy (meth) acrylate which does not have an epoxy group, and the said partial (meth) acryl modified epoxy resin Is represented by the following formula (I).
- the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention may contain other (meth) acrylic compounds in addition to the epoxy (meth) acrylate as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- the other (meth) acrylic compounds include (meth) acrylic acid ester compounds obtained by reacting (meth) acrylic acid with a compound having a hydroxyl group, and (meth) acrylic acid derivatives having a hydroxyl group in an isocyanate compound. And urethane (meth) acrylate obtained by reacting.
- Examples of the monofunctional compounds among the (meth) acrylic acid ester compounds include, for example, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, and isobutyl (meth) acrylate.
- Examples of the bifunctional compound among the (meth) acrylic acid ester compounds include 1,3-butanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,4-butanediol di (meth) acrylate, and 1,6-hexane.
- those having three or more functions include, for example, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, ethylene oxide-added trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, propylene oxide-added trimethylolpropane tri ( (Meth) acrylate, caprolactone-modified trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, ethylene oxide-added isocyanuric acid tri (meth) acrylate, glycerin tri (meth) acrylate, propylene oxide-added glycerin tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, Tris (meth) acryloyloxyethyl phosphate, ditrimethylolpropane tetra (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra Meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol pen
- Examples of the urethane (meth) acrylate obtained by reacting a hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylic acid derivative with the isocyanate compound include, for example, (meth) acrylic having a hydroxyl group with respect to 1 equivalent of an isocyanate compound having two isocyanate groups. Two equivalents of the acid derivative can be obtained by reacting in the presence of a catalytic amount of a tin-based compound.
- isocyanate compound used as the raw material for the urethane (meth) acrylate examples include isophorone diisocyanate, 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, and diphenylmethane-4,4.
- MDI '-Diisocyanate
- hydrogenated MDI polymeric MDI, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, norbornane diisocyanate, tolidine diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate (XDI), hydrogenated XDI, lysine diisocyanate, triphenylmethane triisocyanate, tris (isocyanate) Phenyl) thiophosphate, tetramethylxylene diisocyanate, 1,6,11-undecanetriiso Aneto and the like.
- Examples of the isocyanate compound that is a raw material for the urethane (meth) acrylate include, for example, polyols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, sorbitol, trimethylolpropane, carbonate diol, polyether diol, polyester diol, and polycaprolactone diol. Chain-extended isocyanate compounds obtained by reaction with excess isocyanate compounds can also be used.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylic acid derivative having a hydroxyl group as a raw material for the urethane (meth) acrylate include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, and 2-hydroxybutyl (meth). Hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates such as acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, polyethylene glycol, etc.
- Mono (meth) acrylates of dihydric alcohols mono (meth) acrylates or di (meth) acrylates of trivalent alcohols such as trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane and glycerin, and bisphenol A type epoxy alcohol Epoxy (meth) acrylate of rate, and the like.
- Examples of commercially available urethane (meth) acrylates include M-1100, M-1200, M-1210, M-1600 (all manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.), EBECRYL210, EBECRYL220, EBECRYL230, EBECRYL270, EBECRYL1290, EBECRYL2220, EBECRYL4827, EBECRYL4842, EBECRYL4858, EBECRYL5129, EBECRYL6700, EBECRYL8402, EBECRYL8803, EBECRYL8804, EBECRYL8804 , Art resin N-1255, Art Resin UN-3320HB, Art Resin UN-7100, Art Resin UN-9000A, Art Resin UN-9000H (all manufactured by Negami Industrial Co., Ltd.), U-2HA, U-2PHA, U-3HA, U- 4HA, U-6H, U-6HA, U-6LPA, U-10H, U-15HA, U
- the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention contains an epoxy compound having one or more epoxy groups in one molecule.
- said epoxy compound the thing similar to what was mentioned above as an epoxy compound used as the raw material for synthesize
- the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements can be made excellent in both adhesiveness and flexibility of a cured product, it preferably contains an aliphatic epoxy compound having no aromatic skeleton. .
- a partial (meth) acryl modified epoxy resin is contained in the said epoxy (meth) acrylate instead of the said epoxy compound.
- polyfunctional maleimide compound a compound represented by the following formula (1) or a compound represented by the following formula (2) is preferably used.
- R 1 represents an alkylene group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 2 to 40.
- R 2 preferably has 12 to 45 carbon atoms.
- R 2 preferably has an aliphatic ring.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the above formula (2) include 1,20-bismaleimide-10,11-dioctyl-eicosane (compound represented by the following formula (3-1)), 1- Heptylenemaleimide-2-octylenemaleimide-4-octyl-5-heptylcyclohexane (compound represented by the following formula (3-2)), 1,2-dioctylenemaleimide-3-octyl-4-hexyl Examples include cyclohexane (compound represented by the following formula (3-3)) and the like, which can be synthesized by the method described in US Pat. No. 5,973,166.
- the minimum with preferable content of the said polyfunctional maleimide compound in the total 100 weight part of the said epoxy (meth) acrylate and the said epoxy compound is 0.1 weight part, and a preferable upper limit is 15 weight part.
- the content of the polyfunctional maleimide compound is within this range, the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements is more excellent in photocurability, adhesiveness, and moisture permeability prevention.
- the minimum with more preferable content of the said polyfunctional maleimide compound is 1 weight part, and a more preferable upper limit is 10 weight part.
- the polyfunctional maleimide compound can exhibit a role as a polymerization initiator, but the reactivity may be insufficient with the polyfunctional maleimide compound alone. Therefore, it is preferable that the sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention contains a polymerization initiator.
- radical photopolymerization initiator As said polymerization initiator, radical photopolymerization initiator, a thermal radical polymerization initiator, etc. are mentioned, It is preferable to use radical photopolymerization initiator. Furthermore, since the adhesiveness of the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements can be made better, it is more preferable to use a photoradical polymerization initiator in combination with a thermal radical polymerization initiator or a curing accelerator described later. preferable.
- oxime ester compounds examples include 1- (4- (phenylthio) phenyl) -1,2-octanedione 2- (O-benzoyloxime), O-acetyl-1- (6- (2-methylbenzoyl) ) -9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl) ethanone oxime and the like.
- Examples of the commercially available photo radical polymerization initiators include IRGACURE OXE01, IRGACURE OXE02, IRGACURE 184, IRGACURE 369, IRGACURE 379, IRGACURE 651, IRGACURE 819, IRGACURE 907, IRGACURE PF2
- Examples include methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, and benzoin isopropyl ether (all manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).
- the content of the photo radical polymerization initiator is preferably 0.1 parts by weight and preferably 10 parts by weight with respect to a total of 100 parts by weight of the epoxy (meth) acrylate and the epoxy compound.
- the content of the photo radical polymerization initiator is within this range, the photocurability can be improved without deteriorating the storage stability of the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements.
- the minimum with more preferable content of the said radical photopolymerization initiator is 0.5 weight part, and a more preferable upper limit is 5 weight part.
- thermal radical polymerization initiator what consists of an organic peroxide, an azo compound, etc. is mentioned, for example. Of these, organic peroxides are preferable.
- organic peroxide examples include dicumyl peroxide, ketone peroxide, peroxyketal, hydroperoxide, dialkyl peroxide, peroxy ester, diacyl peroxide, and peroxydicarbonate. Of these, dicumyl peroxide is preferable.
- the azo compound a polymer azo initiator composed of a polymer azo compound is preferable.
- the polymer azo initiator means a compound having an azo group and generating a radical capable of curing a (meth) acryloyloxy group by heat and having a number average molecular weight of 300 or more. .
- the preferable lower limit of the number average molecular weight of the polymeric azo initiator is 1000, and the preferable upper limit is 300,000.
- the more preferable lower limit of the number average molecular weight of the polymeric azo initiator is 5000, the more preferable upper limit is 100,000, the still more preferable lower limit is 10,000, and the still more preferable upper limit is 90,000.
- the said number average molecular weight is a value calculated
- polymer azo initiator examples include those having a structure in which a plurality of units such as polyalkylene oxide and polydimethylsiloxane are bonded via an azo group.
- polymer azo initiator having a structure in which a plurality of units such as polyalkylene oxide are bonded via the azo group those having a polyethylene oxide structure are preferable.
- Examples of such a polymer azo initiator include polycondensates of 4,4′-azobis (4-cyanopentanoic acid) and polyalkylene glycol, and 4,4′-azobis (4-cyanopentanoic acid) Examples thereof include polycondensates of polydimethylsiloxane having a terminal amino group, such as VPE-0201, VPE-0401, VPE-0601, VPS-0501, VPS-1001 (all of which are Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) Manufactured) and the like.
- Examples of azo compounds that are not polymers include V-65 and V-501 (both manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.).
- the content of the thermal radical polymerization initiator is preferably 0.05 parts by weight and preferably 10 parts by weight with respect to a total of 100 parts by weight of the epoxy (meth) acrylate and the epoxy compound.
- the thermosetting property can be improved without deteriorating the storage stability of the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements.
- the minimum with more preferable content of the said thermal radical polymerization initiator is 0.1 weight part, and a more preferable upper limit is 5 weight part.
- the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention may contain a thermosetting agent.
- thermosetting agent include organic acid hydrazides, imidazole derivatives, amine compounds, polyhydric phenol compounds, acid anhydrides, and the like. Among these, solid organic acid hydrazide is preferably used.
- Examples of the solid organic acid hydrazide include 1,3-bis (hydrazinocarboethyl-5-isopropylhydantoin), sebacic acid dihydrazide, isophthalic acid dihydrazide, adipic acid dihydrazide, malonic acid dihydrazide, and the like.
- Examples thereof include SDH, ADH (manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd.), MDH (manufactured by Nippon Finechem Co., Ltd.), Amicure VDH, Amicure VDH-J, Amicure UDH (all manufactured by Ajinomoto Fine Techno Co., Ltd.) and the like.
- thermosetting agent As for content of the said thermosetting agent, a preferable minimum is 1 weight part and a preferable upper limit is 50 weight part with respect to a total of 100 weight part of the said epoxy (meth) acrylate and the said epoxy compound. When the content of the thermosetting agent is within this range, the thermosetting property can be further improved without deteriorating the applicability of the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements.
- the upper limit with more preferable content of the said thermosetting agent is 30 weight part.
- curing accelerator examples include amine adduct compounds, tertiary amines, and phosphines. Of these, amine adduct compounds are preferred.
- a preferable minimum is 0.5 weight part and a preferable upper limit is 40 weight part with respect to a total of 100 weight part of the said epoxy (meth) acrylate and the said epoxy compound.
- the content of the curing accelerator is within this range, the curability can be improved without deteriorating the storage stability of the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements.
- the sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements of this invention contains a soft particle from a viewpoint of improving the softness
- the flexible particles include silicone particles, vinyl particles, urethane particles, fluorine particles, and nitrile particles. Of these, silicone particles and vinyl particles are preferable.
- a silicone rubber particle is preferable from a dispersible viewpoint to resin.
- (Meth) acrylic particles are preferably used as the vinyl particles.
- the (meth) acrylic particles can be obtained by polymerizing monomers as raw materials by a known method. Specifically, for example, a method in which a monomer is suspension-polymerized in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator, and a seed particle is swollen by absorbing the monomer into a non-crosslinked seed particle in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator. And a seed polymerization method.
- Examples of the monomer that is a raw material for forming the (meth) acrylic particles include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, and hexyl (meth).
- Alkyl (meth) such as acrylate, octyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, cetyl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, etc.
- Acrylates oxygen-containing (meth) acrylates such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, glycerol (meth) acrylate, polyoxyethylene (meth) acrylate, glycidyl (meth) acrylate, etc.
- (meth) nitrile and containing monomers such as acrylonitrile, trifluoromethyl (meth) acrylate, monofunctional monomer such as a fluorine-containing (meth) acrylates such as pentafluoroethyl (meth) acrylate.
- alkyl (meth) acrylates are preferable because the Tg of the homopolymer is low and the deformation amount when a 1 g load is applied can be increased.
- tetramethylol methane tetra (meth) acrylate tetramethylol methane tri (meth) acrylate, tetramethylol methane di (meth) acrylate, trimethylol propane tri (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa ( (Meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, glycerol tri (meth) acrylate, glycerol di (meth) acrylate, (poly) ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, (poly) propylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, ( Poly) tetramethylene di (meth) acrylate, 1,4-butanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, isocyanuric acid
- the preferable lower limit is 1% by weight and the preferable upper limit is 90% by weight in the whole monomer as a raw material for forming the (meth) acrylic particles.
- the amount of the crosslinkable monomer used is 1% by weight or more, the solvent resistance is improved, and when kneaded with various sealant raw materials, problems such as swelling do not occur and the particles are easily dispersed uniformly.
- the amount of the crosslinkable monomer used is 90% by weight or less, the recovery rate can be lowered.
- a more preferable lower limit of the amount of the crosslinkable monomer used is 3% by weight, and a more preferable upper limit is 80% by weight.
- styrene monomers such as styrene and ⁇ -methylstyrene
- vinyl ethers such as methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, and propyl vinyl ether, vinyl acetate, vinyl butyrate, and laurin.
- Carboxylic acid vinyl esters such as vinyl acid and vinyl stearate, unsaturated hydrocarbons such as ethylene, propylene, isoprene and butadiene, halogen-containing monomers such as vinyl chloride, vinyl fluoride and chlorostyrene, triallyl ( Use monomers such as iso) cyanurate, triallyl trimellitate, divinylbenzene, diallylphthalate, diallylacrylamide, diallyl ether, ⁇ - (meth) acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, trimethoxysilylstyrene, vinyltrimethoxysilane May be.
- core-shell (meth) acrylate copolymer fine particles are also preferably used.
- core-shell (meth) acrylate copolymer fine particles include F351 (manufactured by Zeon Kasei Co., Ltd.).
- vinyl particles for example, polydivinylbenzene particles, polychloroprene particles, butadiene rubber particles and the like may be used.
- the preferable lower limit of the average particle diameter of the flexible particles is 0.01 ⁇ m, and the preferable upper limit is 10 ⁇ m.
- the more preferable lower limit of the average particle diameter of the flexible particles is 0.1 ⁇ m, and the more preferable upper limit is 8 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter of the said flexible particle means the value obtained by measuring using the laser diffraction type particle size distribution measuring apparatus about the particle
- the laser diffraction type distribution measuring device Mastersizer 2000 (manufactured by Malvern) or the like can be used.
- the preferable lower limit of the hardness of the flexible particles is 10, and the preferable upper limit is 50.
- the more preferable lower limit of the hardness of the soft particles is 20, and the more preferable upper limit is 40.
- the hardness of the said flexible particle means the durometer A hardness measured by the method based on JISK6253.
- the preferable lower limit of the content of the flexible particles in 100 parts by weight of the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention is 5 parts by weight, and the preferable upper limit is 50 parts by weight.
- grain is 10 weight part, and a more preferable upper limit is 30 weight part.
- the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention preferably contains a filler for the purpose of improving the viscosity, further improving the adhesion due to the stress dispersion effect, improving the linear expansion coefficient, and the like.
- the filler examples include silica, talc, glass beads, asbestos, gypsum, diatomaceous earth, smectite, bentonite, montmorillonite, sericite, activated clay, alumina, zinc oxide, iron oxide, magnesium oxide, tin oxide, titanium oxide,
- inorganic fillers such as calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, barium sulfate, and calcium silicate, and organic fillers other than those contained in the flexible particles.
- the preferable lower limit of the content of the filler in 100 parts by weight of the sealant for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention is 10 parts by weight, and the preferable upper limit is 70 parts by weight.
- the content of the filler is within this range, the adhesiveness is improved without deteriorating applicability and the like.
- the minimum with more preferable content of the said filler is 20 weight part, and a more preferable upper limit is 60 weight part.
- the sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements of this invention contains a silane coupling agent.
- the silane coupling agent mainly serves as an adhesion assistant for better bonding the sealing agent and the substrate.
- silane coupling agent since it is excellent in the effect which improves adhesiveness with a board
- -Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane and the like are preferably used.
- the minimum with preferable content of the said silane coupling agent in 100 weight part of sealing compounds for liquid crystal display elements of this invention is 0.1 weight part, and a preferable upper limit is 10 weight part.
- a preferable upper limit is 10 weight part.
- the minimum with more preferable content of the said silane coupling agent is 0.3 weight part, and a more preferable upper limit is 5 weight part.
- the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention may contain a light shielding agent.
- the sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements of this invention can be used suitably as a light shielding sealing agent.
- the light-shielding agent examples include titanium black, aniline black, cyanine black, fullerene, carbon black, and resin-coated carbon black.
- the iron oxide, titanium oxide, etc. which were mentioned as said inorganic filler can also be used as said light-shielding agent.
- titanium black is preferable.
- Titanium black is a substance having a higher transmittance in the vicinity of the ultraviolet region, particularly for light having a wavelength of 370 to 450 nm, compared to the average transmittance for light having a wavelength of 300 to 800 nm. That is, the above-described titanium black sufficiently shields light having a wavelength in the visible light region, thereby providing a light shielding property to the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention, while transmitting light having a wavelength in the vicinity of the ultraviolet region.
- the light shielding agent contained in the liquid crystal display element sealant of the present invention is preferably a highly insulating material, and titanium black is also preferred as the highly insulating light shielding agent.
- the above-mentioned titanium black exhibits a sufficient effect even if it is not surface-treated, but the surface is treated with an organic component such as a coupling agent, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, germanium oxide, aluminum oxide, oxidized Surface-treated titanium black such as those coated with an inorganic component such as zirconium or magnesium oxide can also be used. Especially, what is processed with the organic component is preferable at the point which can improve insulation more.
- the liquid crystal display element produced using the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention containing the above-described titanium black as a light-shielding agent has sufficient light-shielding properties, and therefore has high contrast without light leakage A liquid crystal display element having excellent image display quality can be realized.
- titanium black examples include 12S, 13M, 13M-C, 13R-N, 14M-C (all manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation), Tilak D (manufactured by Ako Kasei Co., Ltd.), and the like. Can be mentioned.
- the preferable lower limit of the specific surface area of the titanium black is 13 m 2 / g, the preferable upper limit is 30 m 2 / g, the more preferable lower limit is 15 m 2 / g, and the more preferable upper limit is 25 m 2 / g.
- the preferred lower limit of the volume resistance of the titanium black is 0.5 ⁇ ⁇ cm, the preferred upper limit is 3 ⁇ ⁇ cm, the more preferred lower limit is 1 ⁇ ⁇ cm, and the more preferred upper limit is 2.5 ⁇ ⁇ cm.
- the primary particle diameter of the said light-shielding agent will not be specifically limited if it is below the distance between the board
- the more preferable lower limit of the primary particle diameter of the light shielding agent is 5 nm
- the more preferable upper limit is 200 nm
- the still more preferable lower limit is 10 nm
- the still more preferable upper limit is 100 nm.
- the primary particle size of the light shielding agent can be measured by using NICOMP 380ZLS (manufactured by PARTICS SIZING SYSTEMS) and dispersing the light shielding agent in a solvent (water, organic solvent, etc.).
- the preferable lower limit of the content of the light-shielding agent in 100 parts by weight of the sealant for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention is 5 parts by weight, and the preferable upper limit is 80 parts by weight.
- the content of the light-shielding agent is within this range, the liquid crystal display element sealant can exhibit better light-shielding properties without reducing the adhesion to the substrate, the strength after curing, and the drawability. it can.
- the more preferable lower limit of the content of the light shielding agent is 10 parts by weight, the more preferable upper limit is 70 parts by weight, the still more preferable lower limit is 30 parts by weight, and the still more preferable upper limit is 60 parts by weight.
- the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention further contains additives such as a reactive diluent, a thixotropic agent, a spacer, a curing accelerator, an antifoaming agent, a leveling agent, and a polymerization inhibitor, if necessary. May be.
- the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention for example, using a mixer such as a homodisper, a homomixer, a universal mixer, a planetary mixer, a kneader, or a three roll, epoxy (meth) acrylate and And a method of mixing an epoxy compound, a polyfunctional maleimide compound, and a radical photopolymerization initiator, a silane coupling agent and the like used as necessary.
- a mixer such as a homodisper, a homomixer, a universal mixer, a planetary mixer, a kneader, or a three roll, epoxy (meth) acrylate and And a method of mixing an epoxy compound, a polyfunctional maleimide compound, and a radical photopolymerization initiator, a silane coupling agent and the like used as necessary.
- a vertical conducting material can be produced by blending conductive fine particles with the liquid crystal display element sealant of the present invention.
- Such a vertical conduction material containing the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention and conductive fine particles is also one aspect of the present invention.
- the conductive fine particles a metal ball, a resin fine particle formed with a conductive metal layer on the surface, or the like can be used.
- the one in which the conductive metal layer is formed on the surface of the resin fine particles is preferable because the conductive connection is possible without damaging the transparent substrate due to the excellent elasticity of the resin fine particles.
- the liquid crystal display element using the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of this invention or the vertical conduction material of this invention is also one of this invention.
- a liquid crystal dropping method is preferably used.
- the liquid crystal display element sealant of the present invention is applied to one of two substrates such as a glass substrate with electrodes such as an ITO thin film or a polyethylene terephthalate substrate by screen printing, dispenser application, or the like.
- the sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements which is excellent in photocurability, adhesiveness, and moisture-permeable prevention property can be provided.
- the vertical conduction material and liquid crystal display element which use this sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements can be provided.
- Examples 1 to 23 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 According to the blending ratios listed in Tables 1 to 3, each material was mixed using a planetary stirrer (“Shinky Co.,“ Awatori Nertaro ”), and then mixed using three rolls. The sealants for liquid crystal display elements of Examples 1 to 23 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were prepared.
- the polytetramethylene ether glycol dimaleimide acetate (“LMICURE MIA200" manufactured by DIC) described in the table as the polyfunctional maleimide compound is a compound represented by the above formula (1).
- the “content of epoxy (meth) acrylate in 100 parts by weight of the total of epoxy (meth) acrylate and epoxy compound” in Examples 1 to 23 and Comparative Examples 2 to 4 in the table is the above formula (I).
- the moisture permeability was measured by putting in a constant temperature and humidity oven.
- the sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements which is excellent in photocurability, adhesiveness, and moisture-permeable prevention property can be provided.
- the vertical conduction material and liquid crystal display element which use this sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements can be provided.
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Abstract
Description
以下に本発明を詳述する。
なお、本明細書において、上記「(メタ)アクリル」は、アクリル又はメタクリルを意味し、上記「(メタ)アクリレート」は、アクリレート又はメタクリレートを意味し、上記「エポキシ(メタ)アクリレート」は、エポキシ化合物中のエポキシ基を(メタ)アクリル酸と反応させた化合物のことを表す。
なお、本明細書において、上記「(メタ)アクリロイル」は、アクリロイル又はメタクリロイルを意味する。また、上記エポキシ(メタ)アクリレートは、エポキシ化合物中の全てのエポキシ基を(メタ)アクリル酸と反応させた化合物に限定されず、後述するように部分(メタ)アクリル変性エポキシ樹脂も上記エポキシ(メタ)アクリレートに含む。
上記ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、jER806、jER4004(いずれも三菱化学社製)等が挙げられる。
上記ビスフェノールS型エポキシ樹脂のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、エピクロンEXA1514(DIC社製)等が挙げられる。
上記2,2’-ジアリルビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、RE-810NM(日本化薬社製)等が挙げられる。
上記水添ビスフェノール型エポキシ樹脂のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、エピクロンEXA7015(DIC社製)等が挙げられる。
上記プロピレンオキシド付加ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、EP-4000S(ADEKA社製)等が挙げられる。
上記レゾルシノール型エポキシ樹脂のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、EX-201(ナガセケムテックス社製)等が挙げられる。
上記ビフェニル型エポキシ樹脂のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、jER YX-4000H(三菱化学社製)等が挙げられる。
上記スルフィド型エポキシ樹脂のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、YSLV-50TE(新日鉄住金化学社製)等が挙げられる。
上記ジフェニルエーテル型エポキシ樹脂のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、YSLV-80DE(新日鉄住金化学社製)等が挙げられる。
上記ジシクロペンタジエン型エポキシ樹脂のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、EP-4088S(ADEKA社製)等が挙げられる。
上記ナフタレン型エポキシ樹脂のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、エピクロンHP4032、エピクロンEXA-4700(いずれもDIC社製)等が挙げられる。
上記フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、エピクロンN-770(DIC社製)等が挙げられる。
上記オルトクレゾールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、エピクロンN-670-EXP-S(DIC社製)等が挙げられる。
上記ジシクロペンタジエンノボラック型エポキシ樹脂のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、エピクロンHP7200(DIC社製)等が挙げられる。
上記ビフェニルノボラック型エポキシ樹脂のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、NC-3000P(日本化薬社製)等が挙げられる。
上記ナフタレンフェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、ESN-165S(新日鉄住金化学社製)等が挙げられる。
上記グリシジルアミン型エポキシ樹脂のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、jER630(三菱化学社製)、エピクロン430(DIC社製)、TETRAD-X(三菱ガス化学社製)等が挙げられる。
上記アルキルポリオール型エポキシ樹脂のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、ZX-1542(新日鉄住金化学社製)、エピクロン726(DIC社製)、エポライト80MFA(共栄社化学社製)、デナコールEX-611(ナガセケムテックス社製)等が挙げられる。
上記ゴム変性型エポキシ樹脂のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、YR-450、YR-207(いずれも新日鉄住金化学社製)、エポリードPB(ダイセル社製)等が挙げられる。
上記グリシジルエステル化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、デナコールEX-147(ナガセケムテックス社製)等が挙げられる。
上記エポキシ化合物のうちその他に市販されているものとしては、例えば、YDC-1312、YSLV-80XY、YSLV-90CR(いずれも新日鉄住金化学社製)、XAC4151(旭化成社製)、jER1031、jER1032(いずれも三菱化学社製)、EXA-7120(DIC社製)、TEPIC(日産化学社製)等が挙げられる。
上記部分(メタ)アクリル変性エポキシ樹脂は、2つ以上のエポキシ化合物の一部分のエポキシ基を(メタ)アクリル酸と反応させることによって得ることができる。
なお、上記部分(メタ)アクリル変性エポキシ樹脂を含有する場合、上記エポキシ(メタ)アクリレートの含有量は、エポキシ基を有さないエポキシ(メタ)アクリレートをA、上記部分(メタ)アクリル変性エポキシ樹脂をBとした時、下記式(I)で表されるものとする。
上記その他の(メタ)アクリル化合物としては、例えば、(メタ)アクリル酸に水酸基を有する化合物を反応させることにより得られる(メタ)アクリル酸エステル化合物、イソシアネート化合物に水酸基を有する(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体を反応させることにより得られるウレタン(メタ)アクリレート等が挙げられる。
上記エポキシ化合物としては、例えば、上記エポキシ(メタ)アクリレートを合成するための原料となるエポキシ化合物として上述したものと同様のもの等が挙げられる。なかでも、得られる液晶表示素子用シール剤を接着性と硬化物の柔軟性との両方に優れるものとすることができることから、芳香族骨格を有さない脂肪族エポキシ化合物を含有することが好ましい。
なお、上述したように、部分(メタ)アクリル変性エポキシ樹脂は、上記エポキシ化合物ではなく上記エポキシ(メタ)アクリレートに含む。
上記式(2)で表される化合物としては、具体的には例えば、1,20-ビスマレイミド-10,11-ジオクチル-エイコサン(下記式(3-1)で表される化合物)、1-ヘプチレンマレイミド-2-オクチレンマレイミド-4-オクチル-5-ヘプチルシクロヘキサン(下記式(3-2)で表される化合物)、1,2-ジオクチレンマレイミド-3-オクチル-4-ヘキシルシクロヘキサン(下記式(3-3)で表される化合物)等が挙げられ、米国特許第5973166号明細書に記載の方法等によって合成することができる。
なお、本明細書において高分子アゾ開始剤とは、アゾ基を有し、熱によって(メタ)アクリロイルオキシ基を硬化させることができるラジカルを生成する、数平均分子量が300以上の化合物を意味する。
なお、本明細書において、上記数平均分子量は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)で測定を行い、ポリスチレン換算により求められる値である。GPCによってポリスチレン換算による数平均分子量を測定する際のカラムとしては、例えば、Shodex LF-804(昭和電工社製)等が挙げられる。
上記アゾ基を介してポリアルキレンオキサイド等のユニットが複数結合した構造を有する高分子アゾ開始剤としては、ポリエチレンオキサイド構造を有するものが好ましい。このような高分子アゾ開始剤としては、例えば、4,4’-アゾビス(4-シアノペンタン酸)とポリアルキレングリコールの重縮合物や、4,4’-アゾビス(4-シアノペンタン酸)と末端アミノ基を有するポリジメチルシロキサンの重縮合物等が挙げられ、具体的には例えば、VPE-0201、VPE-0401、VPE-0601、VPS-0501、VPS-1001(いずれも和光純薬工業社製)等が挙げられる。
また、高分子ではないアゾ化合物の例としては、V-65、V-501(いずれも和光純薬工業社製)等が挙げられる。
上記熱硬化剤としては、例えば、有機酸ヒドラジド、イミダゾール誘導体、アミン化合物、多価フェノール系化合物、酸無水物等が挙げられる。なかでも、固形の有機酸ヒドラジドが好適に用いられる。
上記(メタ)アクリル粒子は、原料となる単量体を公知の方法により重合させることで得ることができる。具体的には例えば、ラジカル重合開始剤の存在下で単量体を懸濁重合する方法、ラジカル重合開始剤の存在下で非架橋の種粒子に単量体を吸収させることにより種粒子を膨潤させてシード重合する方法等が挙げられる。
上記コアシェル(メタ)アクリレート共重合体微粒子のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、F351(ゼオン化成社製)等が挙げられる。
なお、本明細書において、上記柔軟粒子の平均粒子径は、シール剤に配合する前の粒子について、レーザー回折式粒度分布測定装置を用いて測定することにより得られる値を意味する。上記レーザー回折式分布測定装置としては、マスターサイザー2000(マルバーン社製)等を用いることができる。
なお、本明細書において上記柔軟粒子の硬度は、JIS K 6253に準拠した方法により測定されるデュロメータA硬さを意味する。
また、遮光剤として上記チタンブラックを含有する本発明の液晶表示素子用シール剤を用いて製造した液晶表示素子は、充分な遮光性を有するため、光の漏れ出しがなく高いコントラストを有し、優れた画像表示品質を有する液晶表示素子を実現することができる。
また、上記チタンブラックの体積抵抗の好ましい下限は0.5Ω・cm、好ましい上限は3Ω・cmであり、より好ましい下限は1Ω・cm、より好ましい上限は2.5Ω・cmである。
なお、上記遮光剤の一次粒子径は、NICOMP 380ZLS(PARTICLE SIZING SYSTEMS社製)を用いて、上記遮光剤を溶媒(水、有機溶媒等)に分散させて測定することができる。
表1~3に記載された配合比に従い、各材料を遊星式撹拌機(シンキー社製、「あわとり練太郎」)を用いて混合した後、更に3本ロールを用いて混合することにより実施例1~23、及び、比較例1~4の液晶表示素子用シール剤を調製した。
なお、多官能マレイミド化合物として表中に記載したポリテトラメチレンエーテルグリコールのジマレイミド酢酸エステル(DIC社製、「LUMICURE MIA200」)は、上記式(1)で表される化合物である。
また、表中の実施例1~23及び比較例2~4における「エポキシ(メタ)アクリレートとエポキシ化合物との合計100重量部中におけるエポキシ(メタ)アクリレートの含有量」は、上記式(I)を用いて導出した。
実施例及び比較例で得られた液晶表示素子用シール剤について以下の評価を行った。結果を表1~3に示した。
実施例及び比較例で得られた各液晶表示素子用シール剤をガラス基板上に約5μm塗布した後、同サイズのガラス基板を重ね合わせた。次いで、メタルハライドランプを用いて100mW/cm2の光を10秒照射した。なお、照射装置とガラス基板との間に380nm以下の波長をカットする基板を挿入した。赤外分光装置(BIORAD社製、「FTS3000」)を用い、アクリロイル基由来ピークの光照射前後での変化量(減少率)を測定した。
光照射後のアクリロイル基由来のピークの減少率が93%以上であった場合を「○」、75%以上93%未満であった場合を「△」、75%未満であった場合を「×」として光硬化性を評価した。
実施例及び比較例で得られた各液晶表示素子用シール剤を、平滑な離型フィルム状にコーターで厚さ200~300μmとなるように塗工した。次いで、メタルハライドランプを用いて100mW/cm2の紫外線を30秒照射した後、120℃で60分加熱することによって透湿度測定用硬化フィルムを得た。JIS Z 0208の防湿包装材料の透湿度試験方法(カップ法)に準じた方法で透湿度試験用カップを作製し、得られた透湿度測定用硬化フィルムを取り付け、温度80℃湿度90%RHの恒温恒湿オーブンに投入して透湿度を測定した。得られた透湿度の値が60g/m2・24hr未満であった場合を「○」、60g/m2・24hr以上100g/m2・24hr未満であった場合を「△」、100g/m2・24hr以上であった場合を「×」として透湿防止性を評価した。
実施例及び比較例で得られた各液晶表示素子用シール剤100重量部に対して平均粒子径5μmのスペーサー粒子(積水化学工業社製、「ミクロパールSP-2050」)3重量部を遊星式撹拌装置によって分散させ、均一な液とした。得られた液の極微量をガラス基板(20mm×50mm×1.1mmt)の中央部に取り、同型のガラス基板をその上に重ね合わせて液晶表示素子用シール剤を押し広げた。次いで、メタルハライドランプを用いて100mW/cm2の紫外線を30秒照射した後、120℃で60分加熱することによって、接着試験片を得た。得られた接着試験片について、テンションゲージを用いて接着強度を測定した。
Claims (8)
- 1分子中に1個以上の(メタ)アクリロイル基を有するエポキシ(メタ)アクリレートと、1分子中に1個以上のエポキシ基を有するエポキシ化合物と、1分子中に2個以上のマレイミド基を有する多官能マレイミド化合物とを含有し、
前記エポキシ(メタ)アクリレートと前記エポキシ化合物との合計100重量部中における前記エポキシ(メタ)アクリレートの含有量が50重量部を超え90重量部以下である
ことを特徴とする液晶表示素子用シール剤。 - エポキシ(メタ)アクリレートは、脂肪族エポキシ(メタ)アクリレートを含有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の液晶表示素子用シール剤。
- エポキシ化合物は、脂肪族エポキシ化合物を含有することを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の液晶表示素子用シール剤。
- 光ラジカル重合開始剤を含有することを特徴とする請求項1、2又は3記載の液晶表示素子用シール剤。
- 光ラジカル重合開始剤と、熱ラジカル重合開始剤又は硬化促進剤とを含有することを特徴とする請求項4記載の液晶表示素子用シール剤。
- 柔軟粒子を含有することを特徴とする請求項1、2、3、4又は5記載の液晶表示素子用シール剤。
- 請求項1、2、3、4、5又は6記載の液晶表示素子用シール剤と導電性微粒子とを含有することを特徴とする上下導通材料。
- 請求項1、2、3、4、5若しくは6記載の液晶表示素子用シール剤又は請求項7記載の上下導通材料を用いてなることを特徴とする液晶表示素子。
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