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WO2012051849A1 - Procédé et dispositif permettant de commuter entre des technologies à antennes multiples - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif permettant de commuter entre des technologies à antennes multiples Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012051849A1
WO2012051849A1 PCT/CN2011/073952 CN2011073952W WO2012051849A1 WO 2012051849 A1 WO2012051849 A1 WO 2012051849A1 CN 2011073952 W CN2011073952 W CN 2011073952W WO 2012051849 A1 WO2012051849 A1 WO 2012051849A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mode
impulse response
threshold
wireless channel
preset
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PCT/CN2011/073952
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
夏冰
刘源
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2012051849A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012051849A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0689—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using different transmission schemes, at least one of them being a diversity transmission scheme
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0691—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using subgroups of transmit antennas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multiple input multiple output system in the field of wireless communications, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for performing multi-antenna technology switching. Background technique
  • Multi-input and multi-output wireless communication systems have various implementation methods. Taking the Worldwide Microwave Interconnect (WiMax) system as an example, there are many multi-antenna technologies such as beamforming, spatial multiplexing, and transmit diversity. Various implementations are directed to different wireless channel conditions. For example, when the spatial correlation of the wireless channel is low, the system can achieve better transmission performance by using transmit diversity; when the spatial correlation is high, the system uses the beam. The shaping method can achieve better transmission performance.
  • WiMax Worldwide Microwave Interconnect
  • the principle of the beamforming mode is that the base station obtains a set of effective weights as the weight vector of the downlink signals of each transmitting antenna by using the uplink subcarrier channel information of the terminal, so as to achieve the anti-fading and anti-interference capability of the downlink signal received by the terminal, Enlarge the coverage of base stations and improve the quality of downlink signal transmission.
  • the principle of the spatial multiplexing technology is that the base station uses the Bell Labs Layered Space Time Code System (BLAST) structure, and uses the transmitting antenna to simultaneously transmit different signals to obtain the downlink traffic doubling.
  • the principle of transmit diversity is that the base station uses the Alamouti-STC (Space Time Coding) scheme to transmit repeated signals using the antenna to obtain diversity gain.
  • these three main multi-antenna technologies can also be combined.
  • both transmit diversity and beamforming techniques are employed; spatial multiplexing and beamforming techniques are employed simultaneously.
  • Different multi-antenna technology applications have different scenarios, and adaptive switching of multi-antenna technology can improve system performance.
  • the system adaptively adjusts between various antenna technologies according to channel conditions, which has become a research focus in the field of wireless communication.
  • Qualcomm's name is a multi-input multi-output system using multiple transmission modes
  • the patent of multiple-input (MIMO) systems with multiple transmission modes proposes a method of multi-antenna technology selection: based on channel impulse response singular value decomposition and signal-to-noise ratio calculation, and corresponding thresholds Comparing to determine an antenna operating mode in beamforming and spatial multiplexing.
  • the application number submitted by ZTE Corporation is 200510069203 Patent file entitled "Spatial correlation discriminating method and multi-antenna system working mode adjusting method” discloses a spatial correlation discriminating method in the communication field and a multi-antenna system working mode adjusting method, which calculates a channel fading depth parameter by calculating The strength of spatial correlation is judged
  • the use of various multi-antenna technologies requires the acquisition of information about the wireless channel. By sorting and summarizing these information, it can reflect the spatial correlation of the wireless channel, thus providing switching criteria for the system and adaptive adjustment of multi-antenna technology.
  • the method for obtaining spatial correlation information of a MIMO channel includes: Method 1: directly calculating spatial correlation according to a definition; Method 2, calculating eigenvalue decomposition or singular value decomposition to calculate spatial correlation of a wireless channel; The signal-to-noise ratio, channel gain, channel fading depth parameter, and the like can be used as the discrimination information.
  • the disadvantage of the method 1 is that it cannot be calculated in real time, and the amount of calculation is large.
  • the accuracy of the method 2 is high, and the disadvantage is that the system resources are wasted when the judgment is not required, and the eigenvalue decomposition or the singular value decomposition itself is also large.
  • Method 3 Other information is used as the discriminating information, and the amount of calculation is small, but the channel correlation cannot be reflected, and there is inevitably an error.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and a device for performing multi-antenna technology switching, and adaptively selecting a multi-antenna technology according to a real-time situation of a system channel to improve system performance.
  • the present invention provides a method for performing multi-antenna technology switching, including: when transmitting data in a single transmission mode using multi-antenna technology, converting to at most a spatial correlation degree of an autocorrelation matrix of a wireless channel impulse response Hybrid emission mode for antenna technology.
  • the foregoing method may further have the following features:
  • the single transmission mode refers to one of a beamforming mode, a spatial multiplexing mode, and a transmit diversity mode; determining a single transmission mode; and the determining the single transmission mode includes: calculating a determinant of an autocorrelation matrix of a wireless channel impulse response Value, when the determinant value is greater than or equal to the preset first threshold, the beamforming mode is used; when the determinant value is less than the preset first threshold and greater than the preset second threshold, the spatial multiplexing mode is used; The transmit diversity mode is used when the value is less than or equal to the preset second threshold.
  • the foregoing method may further have the following features:
  • the steps of switching to the hybrid transmission mode of the multi-antenna technique include: determining the wireless channel impulse response in the beamforming mode When the spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix is less than or equal to the preset third threshold, the hybrid transmission mode using spatial multiplexing and beamforming is used simultaneously; in the spatial multiplexing mode, the autocorrelation of the wireless channel impulse response is determined.
  • the hybrid transmission mode using both spatial multiplexing and beamforming is used; in the transmit diversity mode, the spatial correlation of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is determined.
  • the degree value is greater than or equal to the preset fifth threshold, the hybrid transmission mode using both transmit diversity and beamforming is used.
  • the foregoing method may further have the following features:
  • the method further includes: when the spatial correlation degree value of the calculated auto-correlation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is greater than the preset third threshold, when the mixed transmission mode of the spatial multiplexing and beamforming is used simultaneously, the beam is used In the case of a hybrid transmission mode in which both spatial multiplexing and beamforming are used, the calculated spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is smaller than the preset fourth threshold, and spatial multiplexing is used. Mode; In the case of a hybrid transmission mode in which both transmit diversity and beamforming are used, the calculated spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is smaller than the preset fifth threshold, and the transmit diversity mode is used.
  • the foregoing method may further have the following features:
  • the spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response refers to the ratio of the maximum eigenvalue to the minimum eigenvalue in the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response.
  • the present invention also provides an apparatus for performing multi-antenna technology switching, the apparatus being configured to: when transmitting data in a single transmission mode using multi-antenna technology, according to a space of an autocorrelation matrix of a wireless channel impulse response Correlation degree, converted to mixed emission mode of multi-antenna technology.
  • the above device may also have the following features:
  • the apparatus is further configured to determine a single transmission mode according to the following manner: Calculating a wireless channel impulse The determinant value of the autocorrelation matrix, when the determinant value is greater than or equal to the preset first threshold, the beamforming mode is used; when the determinant value is less than the preset first threshold and greater than the preset second threshold, Use spatial multiplexing mode; when the determinant value is less than or equal to the preset second threshold, the transmit diversity mode is used.
  • the above device may also have the following features:
  • the device is further configured to: when determining a spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is less than or equal to a preset third threshold in the beamforming mode, using both spatial multiplexing and beamforming Hybrid transmission mode;
  • the spatial multiplexing mode when the spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is greater than or equal to the preset fourth threshold, the hybrid transmission mode using both spatial multiplexing and beamforming is used.
  • the transmit diversity mode when the spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is determined to be greater than or equal to the preset fifth threshold, the hybrid transmission mode using both transmit diversity and beamforming is used.
  • the above device may also have the following features:
  • the device is further configured to: when the spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the calculated radio channel impulse response is greater than a preset third threshold, in a case where the hybrid transmission mode of spatial multiplexing and beamforming is simultaneously used, Beamforming mode; in the case of a hybrid transmission mode in which both spatial multiplexing and beamforming are used, the calculated spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is less than the preset fourth threshold, Spatial multiplexing mode; in the case of a hybrid transmission mode in which both transmit diversity and beamforming are used, the calculated spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is smaller than the preset fifth threshold, and the transmit diversity is used. mode.
  • the above device may also have the following features:
  • the apparatus is further configured to: calculate a ratio of a maximum eigenvalue to a minimum eigenvalue in the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response when calculating the spatial correlation value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response.
  • the present invention can adaptively select multiple antenna technologies according to the real-time situation of the system channel, thereby improving system performance.
  • the spatial correlation discrimination of the switching between MIMO modes can be satisfied by two discriminating Degree, taking into account the adjustment timing and accuracy of the multi-antenna transmission mode.
  • the first discriminant is a rough discriminant, which distinguishes three scenarios in which multi-antenna technology is applicable; the second discriminant is fine discriminant, and in the case of system computational support, the applicable scene of multi-antenna technology is further refined, and Adaptive switching to the antenna operating mode that satisfies the condition.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for performing multi-antenna technology switching in an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of multi-antenna technology switching in a specific embodiment.
  • a device for performing multi-antenna technology switching when transmitting data in a single transmission mode using multi-antenna technology, converts to a hybrid transmission mode of multi-antenna technology according to the spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response.
  • the device may determine the single transmission mode according to the following manner: Calculating the determinant value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response, and using the beamforming mode when the determinant value is greater than or equal to the preset first threshold; the determinant value is smaller than The first threshold is preset and when the second threshold is greater than the preset second threshold, the spatial multiplexing mode is used; when the determinant value is less than or equal to the preset second threshold, the transmit diversity mode is used.
  • the hybrid transmission mode used is spatial multiplexing and beamforming simultaneously.
  • Hybrid transmission mode when the spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the radio channel impulse response is greater than or equal to the preset fourth threshold, the hybrid transmission mode used simultaneously uses spatial multiplexing and beam assignment Hybrid transmission mode;
  • the hybrid transmission mode In the transmit diversity mode, when the spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the radio channel impulse response is greater than or equal to the preset fifth threshold, the hybrid transmission mode is to use both transmit diversity and beam assignment. Type of hybrid launch mode.
  • the beamforming is performed. Mode; mixed-use of spatial multiplexing and beamforming at the same time
  • the spatial multiplexing mode is used; in the hybrid transmission mode in which both transmit diversity and beamforming are used simultaneously
  • the transmit diversity mode is used.
  • the device calculates the ratio of the maximum eigenvalue to the most d and the eigenvalue in the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response when calculating the spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response.
  • the method for performing multi-antenna technology switching includes:
  • Step 101 Transmit data in a single transmission mode using multi-antenna technology.
  • the single transmission mode refers to one of a beamforming mode, a spatial multiplexing mode, and a transmission diversity mode.
  • the method for determining the single transmission mode includes: calculating a determinant value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response, and using the beamforming mode when the determinant value is greater than or equal to the preset first threshold; the determinant value is less than the preset number A threshold is used and when the second threshold is greater than the preset threshold, the spatial multiplexing mode is used; when the determinant value is less than or equal to the preset second threshold, the transmit diversity mode is used.
  • the acquisition of the radio channel impulse response autocorrelation matrix needs to be achieved by channel estimation of the received signal.
  • the method of channel estimation may vary depending on the structure of the pilot or training sequence of the received signal. Specifically, the channel estimation value on each receiving antenna is calculated and written in the form of a vector, and an autocorrelation operation is performed on the vector to obtain an autocorrelation matrix.
  • the determinant value of the autocorrelation matrix is calculated according to the manner in the prior art.
  • the autocorrelation matrix is a unit matrix and the determinant value is 1.
  • the autocorrelation matrix is all 1 matrix and the determinant value is 0.
  • Step 102 Convert to a hybrid transmission mode of the multi-antenna technology according to the spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response.
  • the spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response refers to the ratio of the maximum eigenvalue to the minimum eigenvalue in the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response.
  • the eigenvalue decomposition is performed on the autocorrelation matrix to obtain the maximum eigenvalue and the minimum eigenvalue in the autocorrelation matrix, and the ratio of the largest eigenvalue to the smallest eigenvalue in the autocorrelation matrix is taken as the spatial correlation degree value.
  • the correlation matrix When the channel is an uncorrelated channel, the correlation matrix is a unit matrix, and the eigenvalues of the matrix are equal, when the channel is complete When the channel is off, the correlation matrix is one full array, and the matrix has only one non-zero eigenvalue.
  • the hybrid transmission mode used is a hybrid transmission using both spatial multiplexing and beamforming. Mode; when the spatial correlation value is greater than the preset third threshold, the beamforming mode is continued.
  • the hybrid transmission mode used is a hybrid transmission using both spatial multiplexing and beamforming. Mode; when the spatial correlation value is less than the preset fourth threshold, the spatial multiplexing mode continues to be maintained.
  • the hybrid transmit mode used is a hybrid transmit mode in which both transmit diversity and beamforming are used simultaneously;
  • the transmit diversity mode continues to be maintained.
  • the above method may further include the step 103 of switching from the hybrid transmission mode to the single transmission mode.
  • the calculated spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is greater than the preset third threshold, and the beamforming mode is used;
  • the spatial multiplexing mode is used when the spatial correlation degree value of the calculated autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is less than the preset fourth threshold, the spatial multiplexing mode is used;
  • the calculated transmit correlation mode is used when the spatial correlation degree of the calculated autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is less than the preset fifth threshold.
  • this embodiment gives the steps of the multi-antenna mode switching process of the Wimax system.
  • Step 201 The system initially selects a transmission mode of a multi-antenna technology, and the transmission mode may be one of a beamforming mode, a spatial multiplexing mode, and a transmit diversity mode, or may simultaneously use spatial multiplexing and beamforming. A hybrid transmit mode or a hybrid transmit mode that uses both transmit diversity and beamforming.
  • Step 202 Calculate a determinant value of an autocorrelation matrix of a wireless channel impulse response.
  • Step 203 Compare the determinant value with a preset first threshold (T1) and a preset second threshold (T2) to determine a spatial correlation between the selected transmit antennas, according to spatial correlation and multiple antennas.
  • T1 preset first threshold
  • T2 preset second threshold
  • step 204 When the determinant value is greater than or equal to T1, the beamforming mode is selected, and step 204 is performed; when the determinant value is less than T1 and greater than T2, the spatial multiplexing mode is used, and step 205 is performed; when the determinant value is less than or equal to T2 , using the transmit diversity mode, go to step 206.
  • This step includes the process of switching between three antenna modes by calculating the determinant.
  • the transmission mode in the initial step may be any multi-antenna mode
  • the system calculates the channel autocorrelation matrix of the received signal, and determines the determinant of the matrix, and compares the calculated value between the determinant and the threshold. The relationship is obtained by judging the strength of the spatial correlation, and then switching between different multi-antenna modes.
  • Step 204 In a beamforming mode, calculate a spatial correlation degree value of an autocorrelation matrix of a wireless channel impulse response.
  • T3 a preset third threshold
  • the hybrid transmission mode used is At the same time, a hybrid transmission mode of spatial multiplexing and beamforming is used.
  • T3 the spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is calculated.
  • the spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is calculated.
  • the spatial correlation value is less than or equal to T3, the hybrid transmission mode is maintained.
  • Step 205 Calculate, in the spatial multiplexing mode, a spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response.
  • T4 the spatial correlation degree value is greater than or equal to the preset fourth threshold (T4)
  • T4 the hybrid transmission mode used is At the same time, a hybrid transmission mode of spatial multiplexing and beamforming is used.
  • the spatial correlation degree value is less than T4
  • the spatial multiplexing mode is maintained.
  • the spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is calculated.
  • the spatial multiplexing mode is used.
  • the spatial correlation value is greater than or equal to T4 the mixed transmission mode is maintained.
  • Step 206 In the transmit diversity mode, calculate a spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response.
  • the hybrid transmit mode used is simultaneously Hybrid emission mode using transmit diversity and beamforming, this space
  • the correlation degree value is less than T5
  • the transmit diversity mode is maintained.
  • the spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is calculated.
  • the transmit diversity mode is used. This mixed emission mode is maintained when the spatial correlation value is greater than or equal to ⁇ 5.
  • Steps 204, 205, and 206 are optional subsequent processes of step 203.
  • the selection of the multi-antenna technology is further refined according to the multi-antenna technology supported by the system and the computing power of the system.
  • the above threshold values are all empirical values.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the computational complexity of the existing spatial correlation is high, which is disadvantageous for real-time use and handover according to the scenario in which the wireless environment is located.
  • a switching method for performing spatial correlation discrimination in the system is provided, thereby reducing the burden of real-time calculation of the system on the one hand, and the spatial correlation discrimination accuracy of the switching between the ⁇ modes can be satisfied by the two discriminations in the present invention, taking into consideration Timing and accuracy of multi-antenna transmission.
  • the first discriminant is a rough discriminant, which distinguishes three scenarios in which multi-antenna technology is applicable; the second discriminant is fine discriminant, and in the case of system computational support, the applicable scene of multi-antenna technology is further refined, and Adaptive switching to the antenna operating mode that satisfies the condition.
  • the spatial correlation determination accuracy of the switching between MIMO modes can be satisfied by two discriminations, and the timing and accuracy of the adjustment of the multi-antenna transmission mode are taken into consideration.
  • the first discriminant is a rough discriminant, which distinguishes three scenarios in which multi-antenna technology is applicable; the second discriminant is fine discriminant, and in the case of system computational support, the applicable scene of multi-antenna technology is further refined, and Adaptive switching to the antenna operating mode that satisfies the condition.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif permettant de commuter entre des technologies à antennes multiples, le procédé consistant à commuter sur un mode de transmission mixte de technologies à antennes multiples en fonction du degré de corrélation spatiale d'une matrice d'autocorrélation d'une réponse impulsionnelle de canal sans fil lors de la transmission de données par un mode de transmission unique des technologies à antennes multiples. Grâce à la distinction établie entre le mode de transmission unique et le mode de transmission mixte et à la commutation en temps réel entre ceux-ci, l'invention permet la sélection adaptative de technologies à antennes multiples en fonction de l'état en temps réel des canaux du système, lequel gagne ainsi en performance. La précision de la différenciation de la corrélation spatiale associée à la commutation entre les modes multi-entrée multi-sortie (MIMO) peut être obtenue en deux étapes en tenant compte de la possibilité de réglage et de la précision du mode de transmission à antennes multiples. La première étape est une différenciation grossière visant à identifier les scénarios adaptés aux trois technologies à antennes multiples ; la deuxième étape est une différenciation fine permettant d'affiner sélectivement les scénarios adaptés aux trois technologies à antennes multiples si la charge de calcul du système le permet, et de procéder à une commutation adaptative sur le mode de fonctionnement d'antenne qui convient.
PCT/CN2011/073952 2010-10-18 2011-05-11 Procédé et dispositif permettant de commuter entre des technologies à antennes multiples WO2012051849A1 (fr)

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CN201010519244.2A CN102457317B (zh) 2010-10-18 2010-10-18 一种进行多天线技术切换的方法和装置
CN201010519244.2 2010-10-18

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CN112422460B (zh) * 2019-08-22 2024-09-03 南京中兴新软件有限责任公司 确定天线阵列的均衡权值的方法、电子设备

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WO2007124566A1 (fr) * 2006-04-28 2007-11-08 Nortel Networks Limited Systèmes et procédés de transmission adaptive
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US20020122383A1 (en) * 2000-09-01 2002-09-05 Shiquan Wu Adaptive time diversity and spatial diversity for OFDM
CN1862997A (zh) * 2005-05-11 2006-11-15 中兴通讯股份有限公司 空间相关性判别方法及多天线系统工作模式调整方法
CN101366304A (zh) * 2006-02-08 2009-02-11 富士通株式会社 利用多天线发送技术的无线通信系统和该系统的多用户调度器
WO2007124566A1 (fr) * 2006-04-28 2007-11-08 Nortel Networks Limited Systèmes et procédés de transmission adaptive
CN101064545A (zh) * 2006-04-30 2007-10-31 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种基于等价信息量的传输模式切换方法
CN101383646A (zh) * 2007-09-05 2009-03-11 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种多天线系统的天线模式切换装置及切换方法
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