WO2012051849A1

WO2012051849A1 - Method and device for performing switch between multi-antenna technologies

Info

Publication number: WO2012051849A1
Application number: PCT/CN2011/073952
Authority: WO
Inventors: 夏冰; 刘源
Original assignee: 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority date: 2010-10-18
Filing date: 2011-05-11
Publication date: 2012-04-26
Also published as: CN102457317B; CN102457317A

Abstract

A method and a device for performing switch between multi-antenna technologies are disclosed in the invention. The method includes switching to a mixed transmission mode of multi-antenna technologies according to the spatial correlation degree of an autocorrelation matrix of a wireless channel impulse response when data is transmitted using a single transmission mode of the multi-antenna technologies. With the classification of the single transmission mode and the mixed transmission mode and the realtime switch between them, the invention is able to adaptively select multi-antenna technologies according to realtime channel condition of the system, thereby improving system performance. The precision of discriminating spatial correlation of the switch between Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) modes can be met by performing discrimination twice in the invention, and the adjustment opportunity and precision of the multi-antenna transmission manner is also taken into account. The first discrimination is a rough discrimination which distinguishes scenarios to which the three multi-antenna technologies are fairly applicable; the second discrimination is a precise discrimination which selectably refines the scenarios to which the three multi-antenna technologies are applicable in case the system calculation amount can be afforded, and adaptively switches to the antenna operation mode that meets condition.

Description

Method and device for performing multi-antenna technology switching

Technical field

The present invention relates to a multiple input multiple output system in the field of wireless communications, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for performing multi-antenna technology switching. Background technique

Multi-input and multi-output wireless communication systems have various implementation methods. Taking the Worldwide Microwave Interconnect (WiMax) system as an example, there are many multi-antenna technologies such as beamforming, spatial multiplexing, and transmit diversity. Various implementations are directed to different wireless channel conditions. For example, when the spatial correlation of the wireless channel is low, the system can achieve better transmission performance by using transmit diversity; when the spatial correlation is high, the system uses the beam. The shaping method can achieve better transmission performance.

The principle of the beamforming mode is that the base station obtains a set of effective weights as the weight vector of the downlink signals of each transmitting antenna by using the uplink subcarrier channel information of the terminal, so as to achieve the anti-fading and anti-interference capability of the downlink signal received by the terminal, Enlarge the coverage of base stations and improve the quality of downlink signal transmission. The principle of the spatial multiplexing technology is that the base station uses the Bell Labs Layered Space Time Code System (BLAST) structure, and uses the transmitting antenna to simultaneously transmit different signals to obtain the downlink traffic doubling. The principle of transmit diversity is that the base station uses the Alamouti-STC (Space Time Coding) scheme to transmit repeated signals using the antenna to obtain diversity gain. In addition, these three main multi-antenna technologies can also be combined. For example, both transmit diversity and beamforming techniques are employed; spatial multiplexing and beamforming techniques are employed simultaneously. Different multi-antenna technology applications have different scenarios, and adaptive switching of multi-antenna technology can improve system performance.

The system adaptively adjusts between various antenna technologies according to channel conditions, which has become a research focus in the field of wireless communication.

Qualcomm's name is a multi-input multi-output system using multiple transmission modes

The patent of multiple-input (MIMO) systems with multiple transmission modes proposes a method of multi-antenna technology selection: based on channel impulse response singular value decomposition and signal-to-noise ratio calculation, and corresponding thresholds Comparing to determine an antenna operating mode in beamforming and spatial multiplexing. The application number submitted by ZTE Corporation is 200510069203 Patent file entitled "Spatial correlation discriminating method and multi-antenna system working mode adjusting method" discloses a spatial correlation discriminating method in the communication field and a multi-antenna system working mode adjusting method, which calculates a channel fading depth parameter by calculating The strength of spatial correlation is judged|J and provides a basis for adaptive switching of multi-antenna technology. These studies show that the realization of adaptive slicing between multi-antenna technologies is a trend in the development of multi-antenna technology for wireless communication systems.

The use of various multi-antenna technologies requires the acquisition of information about the wireless channel. By sorting and summarizing these information, it can reflect the spatial correlation of the wireless channel, thus providing switching criteria for the system and adaptive adjustment of multi-antenna technology. The method for obtaining spatial correlation information of a MIMO channel includes: Method 1: directly calculating spatial correlation according to a definition; Method 2, calculating eigenvalue decomposition or singular value decomposition to calculate spatial correlation of a wireless channel; The signal-to-noise ratio, channel gain, channel fading depth parameter, and the like can be used as the discrimination information. Among them, the disadvantage of the method 1 is that it cannot be calculated in real time, and the amount of calculation is large. The accuracy of the method 2 is high, and the disadvantage is that the system resources are wasted when the judgment is not required, and the eigenvalue decomposition or the singular value decomposition itself is also large. Method 3 Other information is used as the discriminating information, and the amount of calculation is small, but the channel correlation cannot be reflected, and there is inevitably an error.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and a device for performing multi-antenna technology switching, and adaptively selecting a multi-antenna technology according to a real-time situation of a system channel to improve system performance.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a method for performing multi-antenna technology switching, including: when transmitting data in a single transmission mode using multi-antenna technology, converting to at most a spatial correlation degree of an autocorrelation matrix of a wireless channel impulse response Hybrid emission mode for antenna technology.

Optionally, the foregoing method may further have the following features:

The single transmission mode refers to one of a beamforming mode, a spatial multiplexing mode, and a transmit diversity mode; determining a single transmission mode; and the determining the single transmission mode includes: calculating a determinant of an autocorrelation matrix of a wireless channel impulse response Value, when the determinant value is greater than or equal to the preset first threshold, the beamforming mode is used; when the determinant value is less than the preset first threshold and greater than the preset second threshold, the spatial multiplexing mode is used; The transmit diversity mode is used when the value is less than or equal to the preset second threshold. Optionally, the foregoing method may further have the following features:

When transmitting data in a single transmission mode using multi-antenna technology, according to the spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response, the steps of switching to the hybrid transmission mode of the multi-antenna technique include: determining the wireless channel impulse response in the beamforming mode When the spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix is less than or equal to the preset third threshold, the hybrid transmission mode using spatial multiplexing and beamforming is used simultaneously; in the spatial multiplexing mode, the autocorrelation of the wireless channel impulse response is determined. When the spatial correlation degree of the matrix is greater than or equal to the preset fourth threshold, the hybrid transmission mode using both spatial multiplexing and beamforming is used; in the transmit diversity mode, the spatial correlation of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is determined. When the degree value is greater than or equal to the preset fifth threshold, the hybrid transmission mode using both transmit diversity and beamforming is used.

Optionally, the foregoing method may further have the following features:

The method further includes: when the spatial correlation degree value of the calculated auto-correlation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is greater than the preset third threshold, when the mixed transmission mode of the spatial multiplexing and beamforming is used simultaneously, the beam is used In the case of a hybrid transmission mode in which both spatial multiplexing and beamforming are used, the calculated spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is smaller than the preset fourth threshold, and spatial multiplexing is used. Mode; In the case of a hybrid transmission mode in which both transmit diversity and beamforming are used, the calculated spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is smaller than the preset fifth threshold, and the transmit diversity mode is used.

Optionally, the foregoing method may further have the following features:

The spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response refers to the ratio of the maximum eigenvalue to the minimum eigenvalue in the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention also provides an apparatus for performing multi-antenna technology switching, the apparatus being configured to: when transmitting data in a single transmission mode using multi-antenna technology, according to a space of an autocorrelation matrix of a wireless channel impulse response Correlation degree, converted to mixed emission mode of multi-antenna technology.

Optionally, the above device may also have the following features:

The apparatus is further configured to determine a single transmission mode according to the following manner: Calculating a wireless channel impulse The determinant value of the autocorrelation matrix, when the determinant value is greater than or equal to the preset first threshold, the beamforming mode is used; when the determinant value is less than the preset first threshold and greater than the preset second threshold, Use spatial multiplexing mode; when the determinant value is less than or equal to the preset second threshold, the transmit diversity mode is used.

Optionally, the above device may also have the following features:

The device is further configured to: when determining a spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is less than or equal to a preset third threshold in the beamforming mode, using both spatial multiplexing and beamforming Hybrid transmission mode; In the spatial multiplexing mode, when the spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is greater than or equal to the preset fourth threshold, the hybrid transmission mode using both spatial multiplexing and beamforming is used. In the transmit diversity mode, when the spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is determined to be greater than or equal to the preset fifth threshold, the hybrid transmission mode using both transmit diversity and beamforming is used.

Optionally, the above device may also have the following features:

The device is further configured to: when the spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the calculated radio channel impulse response is greater than a preset third threshold, in a case where the hybrid transmission mode of spatial multiplexing and beamforming is simultaneously used, Beamforming mode; in the case of a hybrid transmission mode in which both spatial multiplexing and beamforming are used, the calculated spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is less than the preset fourth threshold, Spatial multiplexing mode; in the case of a hybrid transmission mode in which both transmit diversity and beamforming are used, the calculated spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is smaller than the preset fifth threshold, and the transmit diversity is used. mode.

Optionally, the above device may also have the following features:

The apparatus is further configured to: calculate a ratio of a maximum eigenvalue to a minimum eigenvalue in the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response when calculating the spatial correlation value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response.

By dividing the single transmission mode and the hybrid transmission mode and real-time switching, the present invention can adaptively select multiple antenna technologies according to the real-time situation of the system channel, thereby improving system performance.

In the present invention, the spatial correlation discrimination of the switching between MIMO modes can be satisfied by two discriminating Degree, taking into account the adjustment timing and accuracy of the multi-antenna transmission mode. The first discriminant is a rough discriminant, which distinguishes three scenarios in which multi-antenna technology is applicable; the second discriminant is fine discriminant, and in the case of system computational support, the applicable scene of multi-antenna technology is further refined, and Adaptive switching to the antenna operating mode that satisfies the condition. BRIEF abstract

1 is a flow chart of a method for performing multi-antenna technology switching in an embodiment;

2 is a flow chart of a method of multi-antenna technology switching in a specific embodiment.

Preferred embodiment of the invention

A device for performing multi-antenna technology switching, when transmitting data in a single transmission mode using multi-antenna technology, converts to a hybrid transmission mode of multi-antenna technology according to the spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response.

The device may determine the single transmission mode according to the following manner: Calculating the determinant value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response, and using the beamforming mode when the determinant value is greater than or equal to the preset first threshold; the determinant value is smaller than The first threshold is preset and when the second threshold is greater than the preset second threshold, the spatial multiplexing mode is used; when the determinant value is less than or equal to the preset second threshold, the transmit diversity mode is used.

In the beamforming mode, when the spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is less than or equal to the preset third threshold, the hybrid transmission mode used is spatial multiplexing and beamforming simultaneously. Hybrid transmission mode; In the spatial multiplexing mode, when the spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the radio channel impulse response is greater than or equal to the preset fourth threshold, the hybrid transmission mode used simultaneously uses spatial multiplexing and beam assignment Hybrid transmission mode; In the transmit diversity mode, when the spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the radio channel impulse response is greater than or equal to the preset fifth threshold, the hybrid transmission mode is to use both transmit diversity and beam assignment. Type of hybrid launch mode.

When the spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the calculated radio channel impulse response is greater than the preset third threshold in the case of the hybrid transmission mode in which the spatial multiplexing and the beamforming are simultaneously used, the beamforming is performed. Mode; mixed-use of spatial multiplexing and beamforming at the same time In the case of the shot mode, when the spatial correlation degree of the calculated autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is less than the preset fourth threshold, the spatial multiplexing mode is used; in the hybrid transmission mode in which both transmit diversity and beamforming are used simultaneously In the case, when the calculated spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is less than the preset fifth threshold, the transmit diversity mode is used.

The device calculates the ratio of the maximum eigenvalue to the most d and the eigenvalue in the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response when calculating the spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response.

As shown in FIG. 1, the method for performing multi-antenna technology switching includes:

Step 101: Transmit data in a single transmission mode using multi-antenna technology.

The single transmission mode refers to one of a beamforming mode, a spatial multiplexing mode, and a transmission diversity mode. The method for determining the single transmission mode includes: calculating a determinant value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response, and using the beamforming mode when the determinant value is greater than or equal to the preset first threshold; the determinant value is less than the preset number A threshold is used and when the second threshold is greater than the preset threshold, the spatial multiplexing mode is used; when the determinant value is less than or equal to the preset second threshold, the transmit diversity mode is used.

The acquisition of the radio channel impulse response autocorrelation matrix needs to be achieved by channel estimation of the received signal. The method of channel estimation may vary depending on the structure of the pilot or training sequence of the received signal. Specifically, the channel estimation value on each receiving antenna is calculated and written in the form of a vector, and an autocorrelation operation is performed on the vector to obtain an autocorrelation matrix.

The determinant value of the autocorrelation matrix is calculated according to the manner in the prior art. When the channel is an uncorrelated channel, the autocorrelation matrix is a unit matrix and the determinant value is 1. When the channel is a fully correlated channel, the autocorrelation matrix is all 1 matrix and the determinant value is 0.

Step 102: Convert to a hybrid transmission mode of the multi-antenna technology according to the spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response.

The spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response refers to the ratio of the maximum eigenvalue to the minimum eigenvalue in the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response. In the specific calculation, the eigenvalue decomposition is performed on the autocorrelation matrix to obtain the maximum eigenvalue and the minimum eigenvalue in the autocorrelation matrix, and the ratio of the largest eigenvalue to the smallest eigenvalue in the autocorrelation matrix is taken as the spatial correlation degree value. When the channel is an uncorrelated channel, the correlation matrix is a unit matrix, and the eigenvalues of the matrix are equal, when the channel is complete When the channel is off, the correlation matrix is one full array, and the matrix has only one non-zero eigenvalue. In the beamforming mode, when the spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is determined to be less than or equal to the preset third threshold, the hybrid transmission mode used is a hybrid transmission using both spatial multiplexing and beamforming. Mode; when the spatial correlation value is greater than the preset third threshold, the beamforming mode is continued.

In the spatial multiplexing mode, when the spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is greater than or equal to the preset fourth threshold, the hybrid transmission mode used is a hybrid transmission using both spatial multiplexing and beamforming. Mode; when the spatial correlation value is less than the preset fourth threshold, the spatial multiplexing mode continues to be maintained.

In the transmit diversity mode, when the spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is greater than or equal to the preset fifth threshold, the hybrid transmit mode used is a hybrid transmit mode in which both transmit diversity and beamforming are used simultaneously; When the spatial correlation value is less than the preset fifth threshold, the transmit diversity mode continues to be maintained.

The above method may further include the step 103 of switching from the hybrid transmission mode to the single transmission mode. In the case of a hybrid transmission mode in which both spatial multiplexing and beamforming are used, the calculated spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is greater than the preset third threshold, and the beamforming mode is used; In the case of a hybrid transmission mode using spatial multiplexing and beamforming, when the spatial correlation degree value of the calculated autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is less than the preset fourth threshold, the spatial multiplexing mode is used; In the case of the hybrid transmission mode of diversity and beamforming, the calculated transmit correlation mode is used when the spatial correlation degree of the calculated autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is less than the preset fifth threshold.

Specific embodiment

As shown in FIG. 2, this embodiment gives the steps of the multi-antenna mode switching process of the Wimax system. Step 201: The system initially selects a transmission mode of a multi-antenna technology, and the transmission mode may be one of a beamforming mode, a spatial multiplexing mode, and a transmit diversity mode, or may simultaneously use spatial multiplexing and beamforming. A hybrid transmit mode or a hybrid transmit mode that uses both transmit diversity and beamforming. Step 202: Calculate a determinant value of an autocorrelation matrix of a wireless channel impulse response. Step 203: Compare the determinant value with a preset first threshold (T1) and a preset second threshold (T2) to determine a spatial correlation between the selected transmit antennas, according to spatial correlation and multiple antennas. For the relationship of conditions, choose the applicable multi-antenna technology. When the determinant value is greater than or equal to T1, the beamforming mode is selected, and step 204 is performed; when the determinant value is less than T1 and greater than T2, the spatial multiplexing mode is used, and step 205 is performed; when the determinant value is less than or equal to T2 , using the transmit diversity mode, go to step 206. This step includes the process of switching between three antenna modes by calculating the determinant.

In the above steps 201 to 203, the transmission mode in the initial step may be any multi-antenna mode, and the system calculates the channel autocorrelation matrix of the received signal, and determines the determinant of the matrix, and compares the calculated value between the determinant and the threshold. The relationship is obtained by judging the strength of the spatial correlation, and then switching between different multi-antenna modes.

Step 204: In a beamforming mode, calculate a spatial correlation degree value of an autocorrelation matrix of a wireless channel impulse response. When the spatial correlation degree value is less than or equal to a preset third threshold (T3), the hybrid transmission mode used is At the same time, a hybrid transmission mode of spatial multiplexing and beamforming is used. When the spatial correlation degree is greater than T3, the beamforming mode is maintained. In the case of the hybrid transmission mode, the spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is calculated. Value, when the spatial correlation value is greater than T3, the beam shaping mode is used. When the spatial correlation value is less than or equal to T3, the hybrid transmission mode is maintained.

Step 205: Calculate, in the spatial multiplexing mode, a spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response. When the spatial correlation degree value is greater than or equal to the preset fourth threshold (T4), the hybrid transmission mode used is At the same time, a hybrid transmission mode of spatial multiplexing and beamforming is used. When the spatial correlation degree value is less than T4, the spatial multiplexing mode is maintained. In the case of the mixed transmission mode, the spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is calculated. Value, when the spatial correlation value is less than T4, the spatial multiplexing mode is used. When the spatial correlation value is greater than or equal to T4, the mixed transmission mode is maintained.

Step 206: In the transmit diversity mode, calculate a spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response. When the spatial correlation degree value is greater than or equal to the preset fifth threshold (T5), the hybrid transmit mode used is simultaneously Hybrid emission mode using transmit diversity and beamforming, this space When the correlation degree value is less than T5, the transmit diversity mode is maintained. In the case of the hybrid transmit mode, the spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is calculated. When the spatial correlation degree value is less than Τ5, the transmit diversity mode is used. This mixed emission mode is maintained when the spatial correlation value is greater than or equal to Τ5.

Steps 204, 205, and 206 are optional subsequent processes of step 203. The selection of the multi-antenna technology is further refined according to the multi-antenna technology supported by the system and the computing power of the system.

The above threshold values are all empirical values.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the computational complexity of the existing spatial correlation is high, which is disadvantageous for real-time use and handover according to the scenario in which the wireless environment is located. A switching method for performing spatial correlation discrimination in the system is provided, thereby reducing the burden of real-time calculation of the system on the one hand, and the spatial correlation discrimination accuracy of the switching between the ΜΙΜΟ modes can be satisfied by the two discriminations in the present invention, taking into consideration Timing and accuracy of multi-antenna transmission. The first discriminant is a rough discriminant, which distinguishes three scenarios in which multi-antenna technology is applicable; the second discriminant is fine discriminant, and in the case of system computational support, the applicable scene of multi-antenna technology is further refined, and Adaptive switching to the antenna operating mode that satisfies the condition.

It is a matter of course that the invention may be embodied in various other forms and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or a portion of the above steps may be accomplished by a program instructing the associated hardware, such as a read-only memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk. Alternatively, all or part of the steps of the above embodiments may also be implemented using one or more integrated circuits. Correspondingly, each module/unit in the above embodiment may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software function module. The invention is not limited to any specific form of combination of hardware and software.

Industrial applicability In the present invention, the spatial correlation determination accuracy of the switching between MIMO modes can be satisfied by two discriminations, and the timing and accuracy of the adjustment of the multi-antenna transmission mode are taken into consideration. The first discriminant is a rough discriminant, which distinguishes three scenarios in which multi-antenna technology is applicable; the second discriminant is fine discriminant, and in the case of system computational support, the applicable scene of multi-antenna technology is further refined, and Adaptive switching to the antenna operating mode that satisfies the condition.

Claims

Claim

1. A method for switching between multiple antenna technologies, comprising:

When data is transmitted in a single transmission mode using multi-antenna technology, it is converted to a hybrid transmission mode of multi-antenna technology according to the spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein

The single transmission mode refers to one of a beamforming mode, a spatial multiplexing mode, and a transmit diversity mode. The method further includes: determining a single transmission mode; and the determining the single transmission mode includes: calculating a wireless channel impulse response The determinant value of the autocorrelation matrix, when the determinant value is greater than or equal to the preset first threshold, the beamforming mode is used; when the determinant value is less than the preset first threshold and is greater than the preset second threshold, the space is used. Multiplexing mode; when the determinant value is less than or equal to the preset second threshold, the transmit diversity mode is used.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein when transmitting data in a single transmission mode using multi-antenna technology, the step of switching to the hybrid transmission mode of the multi-antenna technique according to the spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response includes :

In the beamforming mode, when the spatial correlation value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is determined to be less than or equal to the preset third threshold, the hybrid transmission mode in which spatial multiplexing and beamforming are simultaneously used;

In the spatial multiplexing mode, when the spatial correlation value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is greater than or equal to the preset fourth threshold, the hybrid transmission mode using both spatial multiplexing and beamforming is used;

In the transmit diversity mode, when the spatial correlation value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is determined to be greater than or equal to the preset fifth threshold, the hybrid transmit mode using both transmit diversity and beamforming is used.

4. The method of claim 3, the method further comprising:

In the case of a hybrid transmission mode in which both spatial multiplexing and beamforming are used, the calculated spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is greater than the preset third threshold, and the beamforming mode is used; In the case of a hybrid transmission mode in which both spatial multiplexing and beamforming are used, the calculated spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is smaller than the preset fourth threshold, and the spatial multiplexing mode is used;

In the case of a hybrid transmission mode in which both transmit diversity and beamforming are used, the calculated spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is smaller than the preset fifth threshold, and the transmit diversity mode is used.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein

6. A device for performing multi-antenna technology switching, the device being configured to:

7. Apparatus according to claim 6 further arranged to determine a single transmission mode in accordance with the following manner:

Calculating a determinant value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response. When the determinant value is greater than or equal to the preset first threshold, the beamforming mode is used; the determinant value is less than the preset first threshold and is greater than the preset In the second threshold, the spatial multiplexing mode is used; when the determinant value is less than or equal to the preset second threshold, the transmit diversity mode is used.

8. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein when the apparatus transmits data using a single transmission mode of multi-antenna technology, it is set to convert to at most the spatial correlation degree of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response in the following manner Hybrid emission mode of antenna technology:

In the transmit diversity mode, the spatial correlation process of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is determined. When the degree is greater than or equal to the preset fifth threshold, the hybrid transmit mode using both transmit diversity and beamforming is used.

9. The apparatus of claim 6, the apparatus further configured to:

In the case of a hybrid transmission mode in which spatial multiplexing and beamforming are simultaneously used, when the spatial correlation degree value of the calculated autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is greater than a preset third threshold, the beamforming mode is used;

In the case of the hybrid transmission mode in which spatial multiplexing and beamforming are simultaneously used, when the spatial correlation degree value of the calculated autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is less than the preset fourth threshold, the spatial multiplexing mode is used;

In the case of a hybrid transmission mode in which both transmit diversity and beamforming are used, the calculated spatial correlation degree value of the autocorrelation matrix of the wireless channel impulse response is smaller than the preset fifth threshold, and the transmit diversity mode is used.

10. The apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 9, the apparatus further configured to: calculate a maximum of an autocorrelation matrix of a wireless channel impulse response when calculating a spatial correlation degree value of an autocorrelation matrix of a wireless channel impulse response The ratio of the eigenvalue to the minimum eigenvalue.