WO2007136039A1

WO2007136039A1 - Panel structure for transportation device or panel structure for building structural member, and method of producing the same

Info

Publication number: WO2007136039A1
Application number: PCT/JP2007/060382
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ichiro Okura; Toshiyuki Ishikawa; Nobuyasu Hagisawa
Original assignee: Osaka University; Kansai Technology Licensing Organization Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2006-05-22
Filing date: 2007-05-21
Publication date: 2007-11-29
Also published as: JPWO2007136039A1

Abstract

A thin oblong plate having substantially the same buckling strength as an oblong plate without projections and capable of being produced using less material. A panel structure for a transportation device or panel structure for a building structural member, having the oblong plate, two or more support bodies, and one or more projections, wherein (i) the oblong plate is supported by the two or more support bodies including two support bodies at ends of the plate, (ii) the one or more projections are provided at the oblong plate, in a region sandwiched by two opposite support bodies out of the two or more support bodies, (iii) the width-thickness ratio of the oblong plate is greater than that of the oblong plate without projections, (iv) the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the oblong plate and the one or more projections is smaller than that of the oblong plate without projections, (v) the oblong plate with the one or more projections has substantially the same buckling strength as the oblong plate without projections, (vi) the positions of the projections move in the direction of deformation in concert with buckling deformation of the oblong plate, and the positions of the support bodies do not move when the buckling deformation occurs.

Description

Specification

PANEL STRUCTURE FOR TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT OR PANEL STRUCTURE FOR STRUCTURAL MEMBER FOR BUILDING AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD

Technical field

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention mainly relates to a panel structure for a transport device or a panel structure for a structural member for a building, and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background art

[0002] In various fields, from the viewpoint of resource saving and manufacturing cost reduction, it is required to manufacture a structure with fewer materials. In particular, in the field of large structures that require a large amount of materials, for example, in the field of buildings and transportation equipment, manufacturing structures with fewer materials greatly contributes to resource saving and manufacturing cost reduction.

However, on the other hand, such a large structure is required to maintain high strength and achieve a high safety level. For example, for these structures, the members constituting the structure are required to have a predetermined buckling strength against compressive loads and bending loads.

[0004] When the members constituting the structure receive a compressive load, when the compressive load reaches a certain value, the member that was initially straight is suddenly bent in the lateral direction as shown in Fig. 1 (a). End up. This phenomenon that the entire member buckles is called member buckling. If the rectangular plate constituting the member is thin, when the compression load reaches a certain value, the rectangular plate suddenly deforms in the out-of-plane direction as shown in Fig. 1 (b) before the member buckling occurs. End up. In this way, the phenomenon in which the rectangular plates constituting the member buckle is called plate buckling.

[0005] When a member constituting a structure receives a bending load, member buckling and plate buckling exist.

However, the deformation pattern of each buckling is different from the deformation pattern when receiving a compressive load. In normal member design, if plate buckling occurs, the member buckling strength decreases. Therefore, before the member buckling occurs, the cross-sectional dimensions of the plate are determined so that plate buckling does not occur.

[0006] The material of the member can be reduced by reducing the thickness of the rectangular plate constituting the member. However, if the rectangular plate is simply reduced in thickness, the rectangular plate has a compressive load acting in the in-plane direction. The problem that it becomes easy to raise | generate a board buckling with respect to a bending load arises.

Therefore, conventionally, by attaching a support body called a rib (intermediate support body) as shown in FIG. 2 to a rectangular plate, the position of the rib is not moved when the rectangular plate is buckled. The buckling strength of the rectangular plate was increased.

However, since the rectangular plate is provided with ribs, there has been no technology for further thinning the rectangular plate without reducing the buckling strength. In addition, when a rib is not provided, the technology for thinning a rectangular plate without reducing the buckling strength has been strong.

Disclosure of the invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

[0009] The main object of the present invention is to provide a thinned rectangular plate that can be manufactured with a smaller number of saddle materials while satisfying substantially the same buckling strength as a rectangular plate not provided with a protrusion. Means for solving the problem

[0010] The inventors of the present invention conducted intensive research to solve the above-described problems. As a result, by providing protrusions on the rectangular plate, while satisfying substantially the same buckling strength as the rectangular plate without protrusions, The present inventors have found that the width-thickness ratio of the rectangular plate can be increased and the total cross-sectional area of the protrusion and the rectangular plate can be reduced as compared with the conventional rectangular plate having no protrusions, and the present invention has been completed.

[0011] That is, the present invention relates to the following panel structure for transport equipment or panel structure for a structural member for building, and a method for producing the same.

[Claim 1] A panel structure for a transportation equipment or a structural member for a building comprising a rectangular plate, two or more supports, and one or more protrusions,

(i) The rectangular plate is supported by two or more supports, including two supports at the ends of the rectangular plate.

(ii) The one or more protrusions are provided on the rectangular plate across a region sandwiched by two opposing supports out of the two or more supports,

(iii) The width-thickness ratio of the rectangular plate is larger than the width-thickness ratio of the rectangular plate, provided with protrusions.

(iv) The total cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate and one or more protrusions is provided with protrusions! /, NA! /, rectangle Smaller than the cross-sectional area of the plate and

(V) A rectangular plate with one or more protrusions has substantially the same buckling strength as a rectangular plate without protrusions,

(vi) The position of the protrusion moves in the deformation direction in accordance with the buckling deformation of the rectangular plate, and the position of the support does not move during the buckling deformation,

Panel structure for transportation equipment or structural member for buildings.

[Claim 2] When there are two or more intermediate supports between the support at the end of the rectangular plate and the intermediate support, more than one each between the intermediate support and the intermediate support. Item 2. The panel structure according to Item 1, wherein a protrusion is provided.

[Claim 3] The panel structure according to item 1, wherein one or more protrusions are provided in parallel to the two opposing supports.

[Item 4] The panel structure according to item 1, wherein the protrusions are provided at equal intervals between the support and the support.

[Item 5] The rectangular plate is made of at least one material selected from the group consisting of metal, resin, and fiber reinforced resin, and the protrusion is made of metal, resin, and fiber reinforced resin. Item 2. The panel structure according to Item 1, which also has at least one material force selected from the group consisting of:

[Item 6] The panel structure according to Item 5, wherein the rectangular plate is made of metal, and the protrusion has at least one material force selected from the group of metal and fiber reinforced grease. [Item 7] The panel structure according to item 1, wherein the rectangular plate and the protrusion have the same material force.

[Item 8] The panel structure according to Item 5, wherein the metal is at least one selected from the group consisting of iron, aluminum, and magnesium, or an alloy based thereon. [Item 9] The panel structure according to item 8, wherein the alloy is selected from the group consisting of steel, stainless steel, and aluminum alloy force.

[Claim 10] The panel structure according to item 1, wherein the building is a building or a bridge.

[Item 11] The panel structure according to item 1, wherein the structural member is a column or a girder.

[Claim 12] The panel structure according to item 1, wherein the transportation device is at least one selected from the group consisting of an automobile, a railway vehicle, a ship, an airplane, and a spacecraft. [Item 13] (I) A step of supporting a rectangular plate with two or more supports including two supports at the end of the rectangular plate; and

(II) a step of providing one or more protrusions on a rectangular plate in a region sandwiched by two opposing supports out of two or more supports;

Item 2. The method for producing a panel structure according to Item 1, comprising (wherein steps (I) and (ii) may be performed in any order or simultaneously! /)).

[Item 14] The method for manufacturing a panel structure according to item 1, including a step of joining a part of the rectangular plate and a T-shaped extruded shape member constituting the protrusion.

[Item 15] In the region sandwiched between the two opposing supports, the rectangular plate is provided on the rectangular plate at an equal interval parallel to the opposing two supports, and the rectangular plate is in the plane of compression or bending. When the load is received in the direction along the protrusion, the transport device panel structure or building structure member panel structure according to any one of Items 1 to 12, which is less than 7?

[Number 1]

H ₂ H ₃ + H, (H ₃ ² -1) + H

ξ = (17)

H,-Hi

β

, Β, = π

12 (1-μ) σ

β ₀ ≤β≤ο ₄ β ₀ ξ = ^ β-=

And further

Ε: Young's modulus of rectangular plate

Ε: Young's modulus of protrusion

Τ: Thickness of rectangular plate without protrusions

b: The width of the rectangular plate without protrusions or the rectangular plate with protrusions b: The width of the plate elements delimited by the protrusions b: Height of protrusion

2

b: If there are protrusions on both sides of the rectangular plate, the dimension between the ends of the protrusions on both sides

Three

b: When there are protrusions on one side of the rectangular plate b, when there are protrusions on both sides of the rectangular plate b

4 2

c: When subjected to compression 1, When subjected to bending 1. 25

2

c: When a rectangular plate with protrusions is subjected to compression s, When subjected to bending

[0014] [Equation 2]

[0015] c: when subjected to compression 1, when subjected to bending (s—2) Zs

Five

C: Coefficient related to the projecting moment of inertia

31

c: Coefficient related to the cross-sectional area of the protrusion

32

k: Buckling coefficient of a rectangular plate without protrusions, when subjected to compression, 4 when subjected to bending 23.

0

9

n = E ZE: Ratio of Young's modulus of protrusion to Young's modulus of rectangular plate

s: Total number of plate elements separated by protrusions

t: Thickness of rectangular plate with protrusions

t: Thickness of protrusion root

2

β: Width / thickness ratio of rectangular plate with protrusions

β

0: Width / thickness ratio of rectangular plate without protrusions

β: Width / thickness ratio of plate elements delimited by protrusions

β: width-thickness ratio for b

3 4

η: Ratio of the cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate with protrusions to the cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate without protrusions, including the protrusions

IX: Poisson's ratio of rectangular plate

ξ: Ratio of the thickness of the base of the projection to the thickness of the rectangular plate with the projection

σ: Buckling strength of a rectangular plate without protrusions or a rectangular plate with protrusions that is subjected to compression or bending.

[0016] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. In this document, the present invention is described with reference to the drawings. The drawings and the description thereof are not intended to limit the present invention in any way.

[0017] As shown in FIGS. 16, 19, 22, 24, 25, 28, 30, etc., the feature of the present invention is that for each s (total number of plate elements delimited by protrusions), | 8 (width thickness Ratio) and 7? (Ratio of the cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate with protrusions to the cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate without protrusions). As a result, s and β that minimize r? Can be easily obtained. Specifically, the panel structure for transportation equipment or the panel structure for structural members for buildings of the present invention can be obtained as follows.

[0018] Width / thickness ratio satisfying buckling strength σ of rectangular plate without protrusions 13 1S Determined from Eq. (2)

0

The

[0019] Substituting β and s into equation (26), the range of possible values of 13 is determined. of s, β and j8

0 1 0 3 Substituting each value into equation (17), we obtain the relationship between and β from this equation. In addition, s, β and

Substituting 1 3 into equation (22), we get the relationship with η. Using equation (14), we get the relationship between 7? And j8. The range of possible values for j8 is given by equation (27). From the obtained relationships, create graphs showing the relationship between η and β as shown in Figures 16, 19, 22, 24, 25, 28, 30 and so on, and select s and ι8 where η is less than 1, The panel structure for transportation equipment or the structural member panel for buildings of the invention can be obtained.

[0020] In the present invention, as shown in Fig. 27 of the fifth embodiment, the protrusions created by the above-described calculation may move several times in the out-of-plane direction of the rectangular plate (for example, 0, 1, 2). Or three places, the number of places restrained in proportion to the length of the rectangular plate can be increased), and the same between the adjacent protrusions or between the protrusions and the adjacent end support By performing calculation, a new protrusion can be formed (point D in FIG. 26 of Example 5), and the cross-sectional area can be further reduced (further thinning).

[0021] Conventionally, thinning has been achieved by providing a rib (intermediate support) on a rectangular plate, but in the conventional panel structure design, thinning is achieved when a specific rib (intermediate support) is provided. Since the degree of this was only clarified at a specific point, no means for achieving further thinning was known.

On the other hand, in the present invention, since s and β at which 7? Is minimized are obvious, rectangular plates and protrusions that cannot be achieved only by installing ribs (if necessary, further intermediate supports) )of Minimization of the total cross-sectional area can be achieved.

[0023] In an actual design, in addition to minimizing 7 ?, in the case of a rectangular plate with protrusions subjected to compression, in order to withstand the compressive force given as a design condition, a lower limit condition for η, that is, It is necessary to consider the equation (35) (the one-dot long chain horizontal line in FIG. 28 of Example 6). In addition, in the rectangular plate with projections subjected to bending, the condition that does not buckle against the shearing force, that is, the equation (39) (the broken line rising to the right in FIG. 30 of Example 7) and the condition that the shear yield does not occur, that is, the equation (42) (Appears in FIG. 30 of Example 7, which needs to be considered).

[0024] These conditions are essential in the design of rectangular plates that are subject to compression or bending. Conventionally, since the relationship between 7? And j8 has not been known, the cross-sectional shape of the rectangular plate as shown in Example 6 and Example 7 cannot be found.

[0025] The transport device panel structure or the structural member panel structure of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as the present invention panel structure) basically includes a rectangular plate, two or more supports and one or more. Consists of protrusions. Two or more supports are provided as “two or more supports” because they can be provided with a pair of supports on opposite sides (ends) of the rectangular plate and further provided with one or more intermediate supports. The number of intermediate supports is a force determined by the size and material of the rectangular plate and the manufacturing conditions of the panel structure. For example, the number of intermediate supports can be set appropriately based on the following concept.

[0026] In the case of a rectangular plate subjected to compression, when the intermediate support is attached to the rectangular plate by welding, the distance between adjacent intermediate supports is generally required to be 300 mm or more due to the workability of welding. . In the case of a rectangular plate subjected to bending, a maximum of two intermediate supports are provided in the region above half the width of the rectangular plate that receives compressive stress. When one intermediate support is provided, as shown in FIG. 18 (b) of Example 2, it is provided at a position 0.2 times the plate width from the upper end of the rectangular plate. When two intermediate supports are provided, as shown in FIG. 18 (c) of Example 2, the upper end force of the rectangular plate is also provided at a position 0.14 times and 0.36 times the plate width.

In the present invention, a rectangular plate provided with one or more protrusions has substantially the same buckling strength as a rectangular plate not provided with protrusions. In the case of a panel structure design, the numerical values obtained can be rounded up for manufacturing. For example, the thickness of a rectangular plate with the required buckling strength When the thickness and the thickness of the protrusion are calculated to be 7.3 mm and 9.3 mm, respectively, rounding to 7 mm and 9 mm respectively will not provide the required buckling strength. The dimensions may be determined by rounding up. In this case, the value of η becomes large. “Substantially the same buckling strength” means that the buckling strength may be slightly increased from such a design or practical requirement.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the panel structure of the present invention.

FIG. 3 (a) is a schematic view of the panel structure of the present invention in the case where the rectangular plate is provided with a rib (intermediate support). Conventionally, the buckling strength of the rectangular plate has been increased by attaching ribs to the rectangular plate so that the position of the ribs is not moved. However, the rectangular plate with ribs is made thinner without reducing the buckling strength. The technology to make it was a great effort. According to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), by providing one or more protrusions on a rectangular plate having ribs, the rectangular plate can be further thinned without reducing buckling strength. .

[0030] In the case of a rectangular plate subjected to bending, a region below half the width of the rectangular plate is subjected to tensile stress. Since the tensile stress does not cause buckling, as shown in FIGS. 18 (b) and 18 (c) of Example 2, the rib does not need to be provided below half of the plate width of the rectangular plate. Therefore, even when the protrusions are provided on the rectangular plate, as shown in FIG. 20 (b) of Example 2, there is a high possibility that the protrusions from the half of the plate width of the rectangular plate can be omitted. In the case of a rectangular plate subjected to compression, it is preferable to provide ribs or protrusions at equal intervals because compressive stress acts on the entire region of the rectangular plate width.

[0031] Fig. 3 (b) is a schematic view of the panel structure of the present invention when the rectangular plate is not provided with a rib. Conventionally, the technology for thinning a rectangular plate without ribs without reducing the buckling strength has been strong. In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), by providing one or more protrusions on a rectangular plate not provided with ribs, the rectangular plate can be thinned without reducing buckling strength. .

[0032] Unlike ribs and protrusions in the present invention, ribs have a large cross-sectional dimension, so that a large number of materials are required even if a large number of ribs cannot be provided on a rectangular plate, or many can be provided on a rectangular plate. It becomes. On the other hand, since the projections in the present invention have a relatively small cross-sectional dimension, a large number of protrusions can be provided on a rectangular plate. I'm sorry.

[0033] Also in the buckling deformation pattern, the rib and the protrusion in the present invention are different. When the rib is provided on the rectangular plate between the two supporting bodies, when the rectangular plate is subjected to a compressive load exceeding a predetermined level, buckling occurs between the rib and each support using the rib as a node. At this time, the rib position does not move (Fig. 4 (a)). Thus, the ribs increase the buckling strength of the rectangular plate by not moving its own position, and function as a support. On the other hand, when the projection is provided on the rectangular plate between the two supports, if the rectangular plate is subjected to a large compressive load exceeding a predetermined level, buckling occurs between the support and the support. At this time, the position of the protrusion moves according to the buckling deformation of the rectangular plate (Fig. 4 (b)). Similarly, when a plurality of protrusions are provided on a rectangular plate, buckling occurs between the support and the position of the protrusions move in accordance with the buckling deformation of the rectangular plate. (Figure 4 (c)). When both ribs and protrusions are provided between the two supports, buckling occurs between the ribs and each support using the rib as a node. At this time, the position of the rib does not move, but the position of the protrusion moves according to the buckling deformation of the rectangular plate (Fig. 4 (d)). This means that “(vi) the position of the protrusion moves in the deformation direction in accordance with the buckling deformation of the rectangular plate, and the position of the support does not move during the buckling deformation”.

[0034] The rectangular plate is not particularly limited, but the material force used in the field of transportation equipment or building such as metal, fiber reinforced metal, resin, fiber reinforced resin is also made.

[0035] As the metal, a metal used in the field of transportation equipment or buildings can be widely used, and is not particularly limited. For example, at least one selected from the group consisting of iron, aluminum, and magnesium force, or An alloy based on this (for example, containing 50% by weight or more) is preferably used. The alloy is not particularly limited to a force that can suitably use steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and the like. In particular, phosphorus-added steel, BH (Bake-Hardening) steel, ultra-deep drawn high-strength steel, aluminum alloy, etc. can be suitably used for the rectangular plate in the panel structure for transportation equipment. In particular, steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc. can be suitably used for the rectangular plate in the structural member panel structure for buildings.

[0036] As the resin, it is possible to use a synthetic or natural resin such as thermoplastic resin, engineering plastic, thermosetting resin, and the like appropriately mixed with plasticizer, filler, colorant and the like. Can The Synthetic or natural fats include polyethylene, polypropylene, polychlorinated butyl, polyacetic acid butyl, ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) rosin, AS (Acrylonitril e Styrene) rosin, AES (Acrylonitrile Ethylene Styrene) rosin, AAS (Acrylonitrile). Nitrile Acrylate Styrene), acrylic (acid) resin, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyacetal, modified polyphenylene ether, polybutylene terephthalate, GF—P ET resin, polyphenylene sulfide, sulfone-based resin, polyether At least one selected from the group consisting of ether ketone, polyarylate, polyamideimide, thermoplastic polyimide, polyetherimide, fluorine resin, phenol resin, polyurethane, unsaturated polyester resin, and epoxy resin, or this -Based mixed fat (containing 50% by weight or more) It can be used, in particular, polypropylene, acrylic (acid) 榭脂, phenol 榭 fat, polyurethane, unsaturated polyester 榭脂, Ru can be suitably used epoxy 榭脂.

[0037] A fiber-reinforced metal or fiber-reinforced resin obtained by reinforcing the metal or the resin with fibers can also be used as a material for the rectangular plate. As the fiber reinforced metal or fiber reinforced resin, it is possible to use a metal or resin in which fibers are dispersed by a conventional method, or a non-woven fabric or woven fabric made of fibers solidified with a metal or resin by a conventional method. Can also be used. Examples of the fiber used for the fiber reinforced metal or fiber reinforced resin include glass fiber, carbon fiber, silicon carbide fiber, Tyranno fiber, boron fiber, aramid fiber, polyarylate fiber, high strength polyethylene fiber, alumina fiber, and amorphous fiber. Metal fibers, steel fibers, stainless steel fibers and the like can be mentioned, and glass fibers, carbon fibers and aramid fibers are particularly preferable. Here, one type of fiber may be used alone, or two or more types of fibers may be used in combination.

[0038] As shown in FIG. 5, the rectangular plate includes a curved rectangular plate that is slightly curved in whole or in part in the width direction of the rectangular plate. The radius of curvature R of the curved surface portion is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.05 times or more, preferably 0.1 times or more, more preferably 0.2 times or more with respect to b ² ZT. Where b is the width of the curved rectangular plate and T is the thickness of the curved rectangular plate. Further, the rectangular plate in the present invention includes a substantially plate-shaped rectangular plate having a slightly wavy surface or a slightly rough surface. [0039] The support is not particularly limited, but is made of a material used in the field of transportation equipment or building such as metal, fiber reinforced metal, greaves, and fiber reinforced greaves. About a metal, a fiber reinforced metal, a resin, a fiber reinforced resin etc., the thing similar to a rectangular plate can be used conveniently. The shape of the support is not particularly limited.

[0040] The protrusion is not particularly limited, but is a piece of material made of a material used in the field of transport equipment or building such as metal, fiber reinforced metal, resin, fiber reinforced resin. About a metal, a fiber reinforced metal, a resin, a fiber reinforced resin etc., the thing similar to a rectangular board can be used.

[0041] The material of the protrusion may be different from the material of the rectangular plate, but the viewpoint power such as the integrity of the protrusion and the rectangular plate, the ease of setting conditions when the protrusion is provided on the rectangular plate, and the material of the rectangular plate It is desirable to be the same. For example, when the rectangular plate is a metal, the protrusion is preferably a metal or carbon fiber, and the rectangular plate and the protrusion are preferably made of the same metal.

[0042] The shape of the protrusion is, for example, a shape having a cross section such as a rectangle, a trapezoid, an ellipse, a mountain, an L shape, and a T shape, but is not limited thereto.

[0043] In the panel structure of the present invention, (i) the rectangular plate is supported by two or more supports including two supports at the end of the rectangular plate.

Here, “support” means to support at least temporarily. “Support” does not necessarily mean fixing, but usually high safety is required in this field, so it is usually fixed by fusion welding, pressure welding, brazing, bolting, bonding, etc., screw, It is desirable to be done by fixing using bolts, hooks, hinges and other auxiliary tools, fixing using the shape of members such as fitting U, etc. When the material of the rectangular plate is aluminum or an aluminum alloy, it is possible to manufacture a rectangular plate having projections by bonding such as friction stir welding (FSW) and to bond the rectangular plate having projections or projections to the support. . In addition, when a rectangular plate is integrated with two or more supports by a molding technique such as rolling or extrusion, or when the rectangular plate is “supported” by two or more supports. included. For example, this is the case when prisms are integrated as shown in Fig. 23 (a) and Fig. 23 (b).

[0045] The rectangular plate may be supported by two or more supports in any state. As an example, in Fig. 6 (a), when the rectangular plate 1 is supported by the support 2 (type I), Fig. 6 (b) FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view when a rectangular plate of 2 is supported by a support of 2 (box type). Figure 7 also shows several patterns in which a rectangular plate is supported by two supports located at the ends of the rectangular plate. Figure 8 shows the pattern of forces in which a rectangular plate is supported by two or more supports and ribs (intermediate supports) located at the ends of the rectangular plate. However, the projections are omitted in FIGS.

[0046] In the panel structure of the present invention, (ii) the l or more protrusions are provided on the rectangular plate in a region sandwiched by two of the two or more supports facing each other.

Here, “facing” means facing in parallel or almost in parallel.

[0048] The "region sandwiched between two opposing supports" means a region on a rectangular plate between one support and the other support of the two supports facing each other. Examples of the two supports facing each other include a combination of upper and lower supports in FIG. 8, a combination of upper and lower supports and an intermediate support, and a combination of two intermediate supports. The two supports facing each other are in parallel or substantially parallel to each other. Examples of the “region sandwiched between two opposing supports” include rectangular plate 1, rectangular plate 2, and rectangular plate 3 in FIG. In the case of a panel structure for transportation equipment, the “region sandwiched between two opposing supports” includes the region sandwiched by two members that are supposed to support the rectangular plate facing each other in the event of a collision. For example, even if the hood of an automobile is in a state where it is lightly in contact with the parts of the front part of the vehicle body (for example, front fender, frame, etc.) during normal times, it receives a collision load at the time of collision and is strongly sandwiched between these parts. May be supported. Thus, the region on the rectangular plate that is assumed to be sandwiched at least temporarily by the support is also included in the “region sandwiched by the two opposing supports”.

[0049] In this document, the support provided in the region inside the end of the rectangular plate is referred to as a "rib (intermediate support)". Since the “rib” supports the rectangular plate, it is included in the “support” in the present invention. Thus, for example, when a rectangular plate having a support at the end portion is further provided with a rib, the “region sandwiched between the two support members facing each other” is the region sandwiched between each support member at the end portion and the rib. , And Z or a region sandwiched between ribs.

[0050] The protrusion can be provided on the rectangular plate by a conventional method such as fusion welding, pressure welding, brazing, bolt joining, or adhesion. In addition, from the viewpoint of unity between the protrusion and the rectangular plate, the protrusion is rolled, extruded, It is desirable that the rectangular plate be provided in an integrated state with the rectangular plate by a molding technique such as shape. As shown in FIG. 9, the protrusion may be provided on one side of the rectangular plate (FIG. 9 (a)) or may be provided on both sides (FIG. 9 (b) and FIG. 9 (c)).

[0051] It is desirable that the protrusions be provided substantially parallel to the two opposing supports. By being provided in parallel as described above, since the force acts on the protrusion only in the direction along the protrusion, the buckling strength of the rectangular plate is higher than when the protrusion is not provided in parallel. The

[0052] It is desirable that the protrusions are provided at substantially equal intervals between the two supports. As shown in FIG. 10, when the rectangular plate receives a shearing load, the buckling strength of the rectangular plate against the shearing load can be maximized by being provided at equal intervals.

[0053] FIG. 11 shows several patterns in which one or more protrusions are provided on a rectangular plate.

[0054] In the panel structure of the present invention, (iii) the width-thickness ratio of the rectangular plate is provided with protrusions! /,!, Greater than the width-thickness ratio of the rectangular plate.

[0055] The designer is provided with a protrusion, and the width-thickness ratio satisfying the buckling strength of the rectangular plate

(2) can be obtained.

[0056] In the panel structure of the present invention, (iv) the total cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate and the one or more protrusions is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate provided with the protrusions.

[0057] Further, in the panel structure of the present invention, (V) a rectangular plate provided with one or more protrusions is

The rectangular plate with protrusions has substantially the same buckling strength as the rectangular plate without protrusions.

Here, the buckling strength substantially the same as the rectangular plate provided with the protrusions is the buckling strength arbitrarily determined by the designer. However, the designer cannot generally set the buckling strength to be greater than the yield stress of the material or 0.2% resistance (for materials that do not have a clear yield point). Often, the material yield stress or 0.2% resistance (for materials that do not have a clear yield point) is used!

Thus, in the panel structure of the present invention, the rectangular plate has a width-thickness ratio that is larger than the width-thickness ratio of the rectangular plate, and has a total cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate and one or more protrusions. Is provided with one or more protrusions that are just smaller than the cross-sectional area of a rectangular plate without protrusions. The rectangular plate has substantially the same buckling strength as the rectangular plate having no protrusion. In other words, in the panel structure of the present invention, the rectangular plate having protrusions has substantially the same buckling strength as the rectangular plate having no protrusions, and the width-thickness ratio of the rectangular plates is increased (that is, The rectangular plate is thinned to a certain width), and the cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate including the protrusion is reduced. Reducing the cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate including the protrusions means that a rectangular plate having the protrusions can be manufactured with less material.

[0060] The transport device panel structure of the present invention is not particularly limited, but can be applied to transport devices such as automobiles, motorcycles, railway vehicles, ships, airplanes, and spacecrafts. Automobiles, railway vehicles, ships, airplanes, and spacecraft are transportation equipment that can move at high speed, and are highly likely to receive large compression loads and Z or bending loads in the in-plane direction due to collisions. Since the bending strength is required, the present invention can be applied particularly to these high-speed movable transportation equipment.

[0061] The panel structure for a structural member for a building of the present invention is not particularly limited, but can be applied to a building such as a building or a bridge.

[0062] The present invention includes (I) a step of supporting a rectangular plate with two or more supports including two supports at the end of the rectangular plate, and (i) one or more protrusions with two or more supports. There is provided a method for producing a panel structure for a transportation device or a panel structure for a structural member for a building according to the present invention, comprising a step of preparing a rectangular plate in a region sandwiched by two opposing supports in the body. Here, the steps (I) and (ii) may be performed in any order or at the same time.

[0063] In the step (I), for example, a welding method or a joining method performed in the relevant field such as fusion welding, pressure welding, brazing, bolt joining, adhesion or the like, or screws, bolts, hooks, hinges, etc. The rectangular plate can be fixed to two or more supports using an auxiliary tool, but is not limited thereto. Further, the rectangular plate may be supported by the support by integrating the rectangular plate and the support by molding performed in the field such as rolling or extrusion. The rectangular plate and the support are as described above.

[0064] In the step (ii), for example, one or more protrusions are formed on two or more supports by a welding method or a joining method performed in the relevant field such as fusion welding, pressure welding, brazing, bolt joining, or adhesion. Heading out The force that can be provided to the rectangular plate in the region sandwiched between the two supporting members is not limited to these. Further, the projection may be provided on the rectangular plate by integrally forming the projection and the rectangular plate by molding performed in this field such as rolling or extrusion molding. The protrusions are as described above.

[0065] Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 21 (c), a T-shaped member that forms part of the protrusion and the rectangular plate, and a support (there is a part of the support and the rectangular plate) It is also possible to form the rectangular plate and the protrusion at the same time by connecting the T-shaped member) by an appropriate method such as friction stir welding (FSW). This method is particularly useful when the material of the rectangular plate and the projections or intermediate support is aluminum or aluminum alloy.

[0066] Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0067] In one embodiment of the invention, the following formula:

7? = A / A

Ten

(Here, A is the cross-sectional area of a rectangular plate with protrusions having substantially the same buckling strength as a rectangular plate without protrusions, and a conventional plate with a predetermined buckling strength but without protrusions. (A is the cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate)

0

Is about 0.95 or less, preferably about 0.9 or less, more preferably about 0.8 or less, more preferably about 0.7 or less, more preferably about 0.6 or less, more preferably about 0. To provide a panel structure for transportation equipment or a structural member panel for a building in which one or more protrusions are provided on a rectangular plate so as to be 5 or less.

[0068] In Example 1, it is described that a rectangular plate with 5 protrusions can further reduce the cross-sectional area by 31% compared to a rectangular plate with 1 intermediate support. In Example 2, 3 protrusions are provided. It is described that the rectangular plate can further reduce the cross-sectional area by 16% than the rectangular plate with two intermediate supports! RU

[0069] Rectangular plates used in the field of transportation equipment or buildings require a large amount of material that is larger in size than rectangular plates used in fields such as precision machinery and home appliances. The ability to reduce materials in this area is very meaningful in terms of reducing manufacturing costs and saving resources.

[0070] Also, reducing the amount of material used can reduce the weight of the transport equipment. , Leading to fuel reduction or increased loading capacity. Furthermore, reducing the amount of materials used can reduce the weight of the building, allowing construction of the building in areas where the ground strength is weak, reducing seismic loads, and construction work. It leads to improvement of sex.

[0071] The buckling strength of the rectangular plate without protrusions, which is simply supported on four sides and subjected to compression or bending, as shown in FIG. 12, is given by the following equation.

[0072] [Equation 3] and =.

12 (1-)

[0073] where

σ: Buckling strength of a rectangular plate without protrusions subjected to compression or bending

k: Buckling coefficient of a rectangular plate without protrusions 4 when subjected to compression and 23 when subjected to bending.

0

9

E: Young's modulus of rectangular plate

IX: Poisson's ratio of rectangular plate

β = bZT: Width / thickness ratio of rectangular plate without protrusions

0

b: Width of rectangular plate without protrusions

T: Thickness of rectangular plate without protrusions

From equation (1), the width-thickness ratio β satisfying the buckling strength σ of the rectangular plate without protrusions is given by

[0074] [Equation 4]

[0075] An arbitrary value can be set for the buckling strength σ of the rectangular plate without protrusions. However, the buckling strength σ of the rectangular plate without protrusions cannot be set larger than the yield stress of the material or 0.2% resistance (in the case of a material having no clear yield point). Therefore, in general, the buckling strength σ of the rectangular plate without protrusions is often set to the yield stress of the material or 0.2% resistance (with no clear yield point !, for the material).

[0076] As shown in FIG. 13, the rectangular plate force with protrusions at equal intervals is simply supported, and the pressure When subjected to shrinkage or bending, its buckling strength is given by:

[0077] [Equation 5]

[0078] where

σ: Buckling strength of protruding rectangular plate subjected to compression or bending

k: Buckling coefficient against compression or bending of rectangular plate with protrusions

E: Young's modulus of rectangular plate

IX: Poisson's ratio of rectangular plate

β = bZt: Width-thickness ratio of rectangular plate with protrusions

b: Width of rectangular plate with protrusions

t: Thickness of rectangular plate with protrusions

The buckling coefficient k of a rectangular plate with protrusions for compression or bending is given by the following formula (Ichiro Okura: Fundamental of Structural Design of Steel, Toyo Shoten, PP. 223-264, 2004 and Ichiro Oshoku, Kogo Kitamura, Shinsuke Akasaki, Takahisa Tsuji, Big 'Lazzro' Gergeri, Katsumi Mikawa: Proposal of a new aluminum alloy stiffening girder, Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 51 A, pp. 203-210, 2005).

[0079] Garden

1 ₂ Vi r (4)

l + sd

[0080] where

s: Total number of plate elements separated by protrusions

r: Ratio of the bending stiffness of one protrusion to the bending stiffness of a rectangular plate

δ: Ratio of the cross-sectional area of one protrusion to the cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate

c: 2 when subjected to compression, 10. 62 when subjected to bending

c: When subjected to compression 1, When subjected to bending 1. 25

2

Equation (4) holds when s is 2 or more (1 or more protrusions) when a rectangular plate with protrusions is compressed, and when s is 3 or more (2 or more protrusions) when subjected to bending. To do. [0081] Equation (4) is equal to the buckling coefficient of the rectangular plate without protrusions when r = 0 and δ = 0, and therefore, the following equation is established.

[0082] [Equation 7]

k ₀ = c _x i \ + c ₂ ) (5)

[0083] r and δ are given by the following equations, respectively.

[0084] [Equation 8]

Db

δ-^-(7)

Ebt

[0085] where

E: Young's modulus of rectangular plate

E: Young's modulus of protrusion

D = EtV {12 (l— ^ ² )}: Plate bending rigidity of rectangular plate

I: Sectional secondary moment of one protrusion

A: Cross section of one protrusion

2

b: Width of rectangular plate with protrusions

t: Thickness of rectangular plate with protrusions

μ: Poisson's ratio of rectangular plate

As shown in Eqs. (6) and (7), considering the Young's modulus 長方形 of the rectangular plate and the Young's modulus 突起 of the protrusion, it is possible to handle cases where the material of the rectangular plate and the material of the protrusion are different. When the material of the rectangular plate and the material of the protrusion are the same, Ε = Ε.

I and Α are given by the following equations, respectively.

2

[0086] [Equation 9]

/ = ^ (8)

A ₂ = c ₃₂ t ₂ b ₄ (9)

[0087] where

t: Thickness of the root of the protrusion (see Table 1) b: When there are protrusions on one side of the rectangular plate b, when there are protrusions on both sides of the rectangular plate b (Table b: Height of protrusions (see Table 1)

2

b: If there are protrusions on both sides of the rectangular plate, the dimensions between the protrusions on both sides (see Table 1)

Three

c: Coefficient related to the projecting moment of inertia (see Table 1)

31

c: Coefficient related to the cross-sectional area of the protrusion (see Table 1)

32

Table 1 is shown below.

[table 1]

Here, when the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion in Table 1 is a trapezoid, Θ represents the inclination angle of the hypotenuse of the trapezoid. The value of the coefficient c for cross-sectional shapes different from those given in Table 1 is the general structure

31

It can be easily obtained by using the formula of the moment of inertia described in the textbook of mechanics. However, it should be noted that if there is a protrusion on one side of the rectangular plate, it is the moment of inertia of the cross section with respect to the position of the surface of the rectangular plate. Cross-sectional second moment with respect to position. Coefficient C is sudden This is a coefficient related to the cross-sectional area of the origin, and can be easily obtained by using general mathematical formulas.

[0090] Referring to FIG. 14, the plate width b of the rectangular plate with protrusions has the following relationship with the width b of the plate elements divided by the protrusions and the total number s of plate elements.

b = sb (10)

Substituting equation (8) into equation (6) and using equation (10), r becomes

[0091] [Equation 10]

12 (1-) (")

[0092] where

E: Young's modulus of rectangular plate

E: Young's modulus of protrusion

β = b Zt: Width / thickness ratio of the plate elements delimited by protrusions

β = b /:

Width-thickness ratio for 3 4 2 b

Four

ξ = t Zt: Ratio of protrusion root thickness to protrusion rectangular plate thickness

2

b: Width of plate element delimited by protrusions

t: Thickness of rectangular plate with protrusions

b: When there are protrusions on one side of the rectangular plate b, when there are protrusions on both sides of the rectangular plate b (Table

4 2 3

1)

b: Height of protrusion (table

(See 2 1)

b: When there are protrusions on both sides of the rectangular plate, the dimension between the tips of the protrusions on both sides (table

3 See 1) t: Thickness of protrusion root (Table

(See 2 1)

c: Coefficient related to the projecting moment of inertia (see Table 1)

31

S: Total number of plate elements separated by protrusions

μ: Poisson's ratio of rectangular plate

Substituting equation (9) into equation (7) and using equation (10), δ becomes

[0093] [Equation 11] S = ^nC ^ ² (12)

,

[0094]

n = E _i ZE: Ratio of Young's modulus of protrusion to Young's modulus of rectangular plate

E: Young's modulus of rectangular plate

E: Young's modulus of protrusion

β = b /: width-thickness ratio for b

3 4 2 4

2

b: Width of plate element delimited by protrusions

t: Thickness of rectangular plate with protrusions

b: When there are protrusions on one side of the rectangular plate b, when there are protrusions on both sides of the rectangular plate b (Table b: Height of protrusions (see Table 1)

2

b: When there are protrusions on both sides of the rectangular plate, the dimension between the ends of the protrusions on both sides (see Table 1)

Three

t: Thickness of protrusion root (see Table 1)

2

32

S: Total number of plate elements separated by protrusions

Substituting Equation (11) and Equation (12) into Equation (4), we obtain

[0095] [Equation 12]

k = c, (13)

Here, from equation (10), the width-thickness ratio β of the rectangular plate with protrusions and the width-thickness ratio j8 of the plate elements separated by the protrusions have the following relationship.

β = 3β (14) β = bZt: Width-thickness ratio of rectangular plate with protrusions

ι8 = 71 ；: Width / thickness ratio of plate elements delimited by protrusions

b: Width of rectangular plate with protrusions

t: Thickness of rectangular plate with protrusions

b: Width of plate element delimited by protrusions

s: Total number of plate elements separated by protrusions

The buckling strength of the rectangular plate without protrusions is set equal to that of the rectangular plate with protrusions. In other words, the following equation is obtained by placing the equations (1) and (3) equally.

[0097] [Equation 13]

[0098]

k: Buckling coefficient of a rectangular plate without protrusions, when subjected to compression

0 4, when subjected to bending 23.

9

β = bZt: Width-thickness ratio of rectangular plate with protrusions

β = bZT: Width / thickness ratio of rectangular plate without protrusions

0

S: Total number of plate elements separated by protrusions

τ: Thickness of the rectangular plate without protrusions

t: Thickness of rectangular plate with protrusions

b: The width of the rectangular plate without protrusions or the width of the rectangular plate with protrusions

b: Width of plate element delimited by protrusions

Substituting equation (13) into equation (15), we obtain

[0099] [Equation 14] c

[0100] Substituting Equation (5) into Equation (16) and solving for ξ, we obtain

[0101] [Equation 15]

[0102] Here,

[0103] [Equation 16]

η ^-μ ^ ηβΐ

H,

H

[0104] n = E ZE: Ratio of Young's modulus of protrusion to Young's modulus of rectangular plate

E: Young's modulus of rectangular plate

E: Young's modulus of protrusion

β = bZT: Width / thickness ratio of rectangular plate without protrusions

0

β = b /: width-thickness ratio for b

3 4 2 4

t: Thickness of protrusion root (table

(See 2 1)

t: Thickness of rectangular plate with protrusions

μ: Poisson's ratio of rectangular plate

c: Coefficient related to the projecting moment of inertia (see Table 1)

31

c: Coefficient related to the cross-sectional area of the protrusion (Table

32 1)

c: When compressed

2 1. When bending 1.25

T: Thickness of rectangular plate without protrusions

b: Width of plate element delimited by protrusions b: When there are protrusions on one side of the rectangular plate b, when there are protrusions on both sides of the rectangular plate b (Table b: Height of protrusions (see Table 1)

2

Three

S: Total number of plate elements separated by protrusions

Cross-sectional area A of the rectangular plate without protrusions and cross-sectional area A including the protrusions of the rectangular plate with protrusions A

0

Are given by the following equations.

[0105] [Equation 17]

A = sb, T (1 8)

[0106] [Equation 18]

Α _λ = sb _x t + \ s-1)!-, = Sb _} t + (s-l) c ₃₂ b ₄ t. (1 9)

[0107] Cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate without protrusions The cross-section including the protrusions of the rectangular plate with protrusions relative to A

0

The ratio of product A is 7?

[0108] [Equation 19]

[0109] By substituting equation (15) into this equation, the following equation is obtained.

[0110] [Equation 20]

(twenty one )

[0111] Further, substituting equation (13) into this equation, the following equation is obtained using equation (5) _c

[0112] [Equation 21]

= 1

In equation (15),

k> [0113] Therefore, the following equation holds.

[0114] [Equation 22]

β-^ ≥βο (23)

[0115] The buckling strength of the rectangular plate with protrusions cannot exceed the buckling strength of the plate elements separated by the protrusions. Therefore, the buckling coefficient k for compression or bending of the rectangular plate with protrusions is subject to the following restrictions.

[0116] [Equation 23]

k≤k _x (24)

[0117] Here,

k: The buckling coefficient of a plate element separated by protrusions against compression or bending is expressed as the buckling coefficient of the entire rectangular plate with protrusions. When the rectangular plate with protrusions is compressed 4s ² 4. 4sV (2. Is— 2) (Ochiro Ichiro: Fundamentals of Steel Structural Design, Toyo Shoten, PP. 223-264, 2004) and Ochiro Ichiro, Kitamura Kosuke, Akasaki Kosuke, Tsuji Takahisa, Big 'Razguchi' Gergeri, Katsumi Mikawa: Proposal of a new aluminum alloy stiffening girder, Structural Engineering Papers, Vol. 51 A, pp. 203-210, 2005).

[0118] Substituting equation (15) into equation (24), the following equation is obtained.

[0119] [Equation 24]

β = ^ ≤ β (25)

[0120] Here,

Four

[0121] [Equation 25]

The range of values that j8 and j8 can take from equations (23) and (25) is as follows.

[0123] [Numerical 26]

β ₀ ≤β <ο ₄ β ₀ (27) The protrusion should be less than the buckling strength of the rectangular plate with protrusions and should not buckle. Therefore, if the protrusion is regarded as a free protruding plate subjected to compression, the protrusion must satisfy the following equation.

[0125] [Equation 27]

0.425 ^ - ² E

¹ ≥ (28)

12 (1-

[0126] where

E: Young's modulus of protrusion

μ: Poisson's ratio of protrusion

β = b Zt: Protrusion width-thickness ratio

2 2 22

b: Projection height (see Table 1)

2

t: Average thickness of protrusion (see Table 1)

twenty two

σ: Stress generated in the protrusion

The left side of equation (28) is the buckling strength of the free protruding plate subjected to compression (Okura Ichiro: Fundamental Design of Steel Structure, Toyo Shoten, pp. 223-264) o The average thickness t of the protrusion is , Protrusion breakage

twenty two

The area (if there are protrusions on both sides of the rectangular plate, the sectional area of the protrusion on one side) is the height of the protrusion b

Divided by 2.

[0127] The stress σ generated in the protrusion is given by the following equation under the condition that the strain generated in the rectangular plate is equal to the strain generated in the protrusion.

[0128] [Equation 28]

σ _ι = nc ₅ a (Z9)

[0129] where

σ: Stress generated in the protrusion

η = Ε ΖΕ: Ratio of Young's modulus of protrusion to Young's modulus of rectangular plate

Ε: Young's modulus of rectangular plate

Ε: Young's modulus of protrusion

c: When subjected to compression 1, when subjected to bending (s— 2) Zs s: Total number of plate elements separated by protrusions

The stress σe generated on the protrusion cannot be greater than the yield stress of the protrusion material or 0.2% resistance (for materials that do not have a clear yield point). Therefore, the stress σ generated in the protrusion is subject to the following restrictions.

[0130] [Equation 29]

σ _] ≤σ (30)

[0131] Here,

σ: Stress generated in the protrusion

σ: Yield stress of material of protrusion or 0.2% resistance (material field without a clear yield point)

11

Combined)

Equation (30) always holds when the material of the rectangular plate and the material of the protrusion are the same. If a material different from that of the rectangular plate is used for the projection, depending on the material, equation (30) may not be satisfied! Because there are some materials, it must be confirmed that the material selected for the projection satisfies equation (30). I must.

[0132] Substituting equation (29) into equation (28), the width-thickness ratio 13 of the protrusions on the rectangular plate must satisfy the following equation:

[0133] [Equation 30]

[0134]

β = b / t: Protrusion width-thickness ratio

2 2 22

b: Projection height (see Table 1)

2

t: Average thickness of protrusion (see Table 1)

twenty two

c: When subjected to compression 1, when subjected to bending (s— 2) Zs

Five

S: Total number of plate elements separated by protrusions

E: Young's modulus of rectangular plate

μ: Poisson's ratio of protrusion

σ: Buckling strength of protruding rectangular plate subjected to compression or bending From the above, the cross-sectional dimensions of the protrusions must satisfy Equation (30) and Equation (31).

[0135] Here, the Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio can be obtained with reference to JIS standards and the like. As a representative example, the Young's modulus E and Poisson's ratio of a metal material can be determined according to the standard of JIS Z 2241 “Metal material tensile test method”. The Young's modulus E and Poisson's ratio of the plastic can be determined according to the standard of JIS K 7113 “Plastic tensile test method”. The Young's modulus E and Poisson's ratio of the carbon fiber reinforced resin can be obtained according to the standard of JIS K 7073 “Tensile test method for carbon fiber reinforced plastic”.

[0136] The thickness, width, and height of the rectangular plate and the protrusion are measured by a conventional method using a measuring instrument such as a caliper, a micrometer, a laser displacement sensor, and a microscope. In addition, when using commercially available materials for rectangular plates and protrusions, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, thickness, etc. are often described in catalogs and instructions, so use those values. Say it with a word.

The invention's effect

[0137] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a thinned rectangular plate having substantially the same buckling strength as that of a rectangular plate not provided with protrusions and capable of being manufactured with less material.

[0138] Specifically, by providing the rectangular plate with one or more protrusions according to the present invention, the width-thickness ratio of the rectangular plate is satisfied while satisfying substantially the same buckling strength as that of the rectangular plate without the protrusions. It is possible to make the cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate including the protrusion larger than the width-thickness ratio of the rectangular plate not including the protrusion and smaller than the cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate not including the protrusion.

[0139] The panel structure for a transportation device or the structural member for a building of the present invention satisfies substantially the same buckling strength as a rectangular plate not provided with a projection, and is less than the conventional one. ! / Can be manufactured with materials.

[0140] Furthermore, by providing protrusions on the rectangular plate so as to satisfy specific conditions in the panel structure for transportation equipment or the panel structure for structural members of the present invention, the total cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate and the protrusion can be increased. , About 0.4 to about 0.6 of the cross-sectional area of a rectangular plate without conventional protrusions It is possible to reduce by a factor of two.

[0141] Since the present invention uses protrusions having a smaller cross-sectional dimension than the ribs, the present invention can be applied to a panel structure in which it is difficult to design a rib having a large cross-sectional dimension.

Brief Description of Drawings

[0142] Fig. 1 (a) shows member buckling, and Fig. (B) shows plate buckling.

[FIG. 2] A conventional panel structure for a structural member, in which a support called a rib is attached to a rectangular plate.

[FIG. 3] The structural member panel structure of the present invention when the rectangular plate is provided with ribs or when the rectangular plate is provided with ribs. Fig. (A) is a panel structure for a structural member of the present invention having one or more protrusions on a rectangular plate having ribs. Fig. (B) is one or more protrusions on a rectangular plate having no ribs. It is the panel structure for structural members of this invention provided with these.

[Fig. 4] Fig. (A) is a buckling deformation pattern of a rectangular plate with ribs, Fig. (B) is a buckling deformation pattern of a rectangular plate with protrusions, and Fig. (C) is a plurality of protrusions. (D) shows the buckling deformation pattern of a rectangular plate with ribs and protrusions.

[Fig. 5] A curved rectangular plate that is slightly curved in whole or in part in the width direction of the rectangular plate.

[Fig. 6] Fig. (A) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the case where 1 rectangular plate is supported by 2 supports (type I cross section), and Fig. 6 (b) is that 2 rectangular plates are supported by 2 supports. A schematic cross-sectional view when supported (box-shaped cross section) is shown.

[Fig. 7] The rectangular plate shows several patterns supported by two supports located at the ends of the rectangular plate.

[FIG. 8] A rectangular plate shows several patterns supported by two or more supports and ribs (intermediate supports) located at the end of the rectangular plate.

[Fig. 9] Fig. (A) is provided with protrusions on one side of the rectangular plate, Fig. (B) is provided with protrusions on both sides of the rectangular plate, and Fig. (C) is shown on both sides of the rectangular plate. Are provided with protrusions at the same position.

[Fig. 10] A rectangular plate with protrusions at equal intervals is subjected to a shear load.

[Fig. 11] Shows several turns that have one or more protrusions on a rectangular plate. [Fig.12] Four-sided simply supported rectangular plate subjected to compression or bending. Fig. (A) shows the case where a rectangular plate supported simply by 4 sides is subjected to compression, and Fig. (B) shows the case where a rectangular plate supported simply by 4 sides is subjected to bending.

圆 13] A rectangular plate with protrusions at equal intervals, subject to compression or bending. Figure (a) shows the case where rectangular plates with projections at equal intervals are subjected to compression, and Fig. (B) shows the case where rectangular plates with projections at equal intervals are bent.

[Fig.14] Location of protrusion. Figure (a) shows b and b when there are protrusions on one side of the rectangular plate, and Figure (b) shows b and b when there are protrusions on both sides of the rectangular plate.

[Figure 15] Cross-sectional shape of aluminum alloy web according to “Aluminum alloy civil engineering design 'production guidelines”. Figure (a) shows the cross-sectional shape of an aluminum alloy web without protrusions or ribs (intermediate support), and Figure (b) shows aluminum with one rib (intermediate support). The cross-sectional shape of an alloy web is shown.

[Fig.16] Relationship between η and e of aluminum alloy web with protrusions subjected to bending.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional shape of an aluminum alloy web having 5 protrusions obtained by applying the present invention.

[Fig.18] Cross section of steel web according to “Road Bridge Specification / Common Explanation I Common Section II Steel Bridge Section”. Figure (a) shows the cross-sectional shape of a steel web without protrusions or ribs (intermediate support), and Figure (b) shows the cross-sectional shape of a steel web with one rib (intermediate support). Figure (c) shows the cross-sectional shape of a steel web with two ribs (intermediate support).

[19] Relationship between η and β of steel hub with protrusions subjected to bending.

[20] A cross-sectional shape of a steel web obtained by applying the present invention. Fig. (A) shows the cross-sectional shape of a steel web provided with 6 projections obtained by applying the present invention. Fig. (B) shows the half of the width of the web in the figure (a). The cross-sectional shape of the web from which the protrusions have been removed is shown.

[Fig.21] Cross section of aluminum beam. Figure (a) shows the general cross-sectional shape of the aluminum girder without protrusions, Figure (b) shows the final cross-sectional shape of the aluminum girder without protrusions, and Figure (c) shows the cross-sectional shape of the aluminum girder with protrusions. .

[Fig. 22] Relationship between η and e of aluminum alloy web with protrusions subjected to bending.

[Fig.23] Cross section of aluminum column. Figure (a) shows the cross-sectional shape of an aluminum column without protrusions. Figure (b) shows the cross-sectional shape of the aluminum column with protrusions.

[Fig.24] Relationship between η and β of aluminum alloy plate with protrusions subjected to compression

[Fig.25] Relationship between η and β of aluminum alloy plate with protrusions subjected to compression.

[FIG. 26] Sectional shape of aluminum alloy plate corresponding to points 0, A, B, C, D in FIG.

FIG. 27 is a panel structure obtained by applying the present invention twice.

[Fig.28] Relationship between η and β of steel plates with protrusions subjected to compression.

[Fig.29] Cross-sectional shape of steel plate subjected to compression. Fig. (A) shows the cross-sectional shape of a steel plate without projections, and Fig. (B) shows the cross-sectional shape of a steel plate with projections.

[Fig.30] Relationship between η and e of steel plate subjected to bending.

[Fig.31] Cross-sectional shape of steel plate subjected to bending. Fig. (A) shows the cross-sectional shape of a steel plate without projections, and Fig. (B) shows the cross-sectional shape of a steel plate with projections.

Explanation of symbols

A: Cross-sectional area of a rectangular plate without protrusions

0

A: Cross-sectional area of a rectangular plate with protrusions, including protrusions

A: Cross section of one protrusion

2

D: Bending rigidity of rectangular plate

E: Young's modulus of rectangular plate

E: Young's modulus of protrusion

H: Variable

2

H: Variable

Three

I: Sectional secondary moment of one protrusion

P: Compressive force acting on the rectangular plate

Q: Shear force acting on rectangular plate

R: Locality radius of curved rectangular plate

T: Thickness of rectangular plate without protrusions

a: Length of rectangular plate

b: The width of the rectangular plate without protrusions or the width of the rectangular plate with protrusions : Width of plate element delimited by protrusions

b: Height of protrusion

2

Three

4 2 3 c: Coefficient

c: Coefficient

2

c: Coefficient

Four

c: Coefficient

Five

c: Coefficient

31

c: Coefficient

32

k: Buckling coefficient of rectangular plate without protrusions

0

k: The buckling coefficient of a plate element separated by protrusions, expressed as the buckling coefficient of the entire rectangular plate with protrusions

k: Buckling coefficient for shear of rectangular plate with protrusions

2

n: Ratio of Young's modulus of protrusion to Young's modulus of rectangular plate

s: Total number of plate elements separated by protrusions

s: Total number of plate elements delimited by protrusions by the first use of the present invention s: Between adjacent protrusions of the rectangular plate obtained by the first use of the present invention (this

2

The total number of plate elements delimited by the projections newly created by the second use of the present invention (in the case of projection force ^ in the first use of light, between the edge of the rectangular plate and the projection)

t: Thickness of rectangular plate with protrusions

t: Thickness of the root of the protrusion

2

t: Average thickness of protrusion

twenty two

β: Width / thickness ratio of rectangular plate with protrusions

β: Width-thickness ratio of rectangular plate without protrusions 18 Width-thickness ratio of plate elements delimited by protrusions

β

2: Protrusion width-thickness ratio

β: width-thickness ratio for b

3 4

μ: Poisson's ratio of rectangular plate

μ: Poisson's ratio of protrusion

σ: Yield stress of rectangular plate

0

σ: Buckling strength of a rectangular plate with or without protrusions subjected to compression or bending

σ: Stress generated in the protrusion

11

Combined)

The

0: Shear yield stress of rectangular plate

Θ: If the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion is trapezoidal, the angle of inclination of the hypotenuse of the trapezoid

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0144] Examples of the present invention will be described below, but these examples are for explanation of the present invention more easily and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way.

Example 1

[0145] In "Aluminum Alloy Civil Engineering Design 'Proposal for Production Guidelines" (December 1998, Japan Aluminum Association (formerly Light Metals Association), p. 91), an aluminum alloy girder web ( There are provisions for the case where one rib (intermediate support) is provided on a rectangular plate to be bent. When the aluminum alloy type is A6061——6, the width / thickness ratio of a web without ribs is limited to 65 or less, and the width / thickness ratio of a web with one rib is limited to 90 or less. Yes. Therefore, the width-thickness ratio j8 of a web without ribs is set to 65.

0

[0146] In "Aluminum Alloy Civil Structure Design 'Production Guidelines", the cross-sectional dimensions of the ribs are the same P. 101 (6. 6. 7). Here, in the formula (6.6.7), the value of aZb (a is the length of the rectangular plate and b is the width of the rectangular plate) is 1.5. Figure 15 (b) shows the cross-sectional shape of the web when the width-thickness ratio of the web is 90 and a rib having a rectangular cross-section with a width-thickness ratio of 10 is provided on one side of the web. On the other hand, Fig. 15 (a) shows the cross-sectional shape of a web without ribs. Figure 15 shows the results for a web width b of 1300 mm. The ratio of the area of the cross-sectional shape of Fig. 15 (b) to the area of the cross-sectional shape of Fig. 15 (a) is 0.820. In other words, in the “Armium alloy civil engineering structure design 'production guideline draft”, it is possible to reduce the cross-sectional area by 18% by providing one rib on the web.

Next, the present invention is applied to a web without protrusions having a width-thickness ratio 13 of 65. Protrusion is width to thickness ratio

0

Since it has 10 rectangular cross sections and is provided on one side of the aluminum alloy plate, j8 = 10.

Three

[0148] From the equation (27), the width-thickness ratio β of the web provided with the protrusions exists in the following range.

[0149] [Equation 31]

[0150] Figure 16 shows the relationship between 7? And j8. When s = 6, β = 173.8, η takes the maximum value / J and takes the value 0.565. The cross-sectional shape of the web at this time is shown in FIG. According to the present invention (by reducing the cross-sectional area of the web by providing five protrusions), "Aluminum alloy civil engineering structure design 'production guideline draft" (by reducing the cross-sectional area of the web by providing one rib (intermediate support)) Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of the web can be further reduced by 31%.

Example 2

[0151] In the “Road Bridge Specification / Summary I Common Section II Steel Bridge Section” (March 2002, Japan Road Association, p.293), steel girder web (rectangular plate subject to bending) There are provisions for 1 rib (intermediate support) and 2 ribs. When the steel type is SM490Y, ribs are provided, the web width / thickness ratio is 123 or less, one rib is provided, the web width / thickness ratio is 209 or less, and two ribs are provided. The web is limited to 294 or less. Therefore, the width / thickness ratio j8 of the web without ribs is set to 123.

0

[0152] In the “Road Bridge Specification / Summary I Common Section II Steel Bridge Section”, the cross-sectional dimensions of the ribs are determined by the formula (10.4.8) on page 304 of the same specification. Where the formula (10.4.8) [Koo! The value of the length of the rectangular plate (b is the width of the rectangular plate) is 1.5. Figure 18 (b) shows the cross-sectional shape of the web when the width-thickness ratio of the web is 209, and one rectangular cross-section rib with a width-thickness ratio of 14 is provided on one side of the web. FIG. 18 (c) shows the cross-sectional shape of the web when two rectangular cross-section ribs with a width-thickness ratio of 14 are provided on one side of the web. On the other hand, FIG. 18 (a) shows a cross-sectional shape of a web without ribs. Figure 18 shows the results for a web width b of 2829 mm. The ratio of the area of the cross-sectional shape of FIG. 18 (b) to the area of the cross-sectional shape of FIG. 18 (a) is 0.627, and the ratio of the area of the cross-sectional shape of FIG. 18 (a) to that of FIG. The ratio of the cross-sectional area is 0.464. In other words, in the “Road Bridge Specification Manual” in the same description I Common Edition 」Steel Bridge Edition, it is possible to reduce the cross-sectional area by 37% by providing 1 rib on the web, and 54% by providing 2 rib on the web. The cross-sectional area can be reduced.

[0153] Next, the present invention is applied to a web without protrusions having a width-thickness ratio of 8 forces. The protrusion is wide and thick

0

Since it has a rectangular cross section with a ratio of 14 and is provided on one side of the aluminum alloy plate, j8 = 14.

Three

[0154] From the equation (27), the width-thickness ratio e of the web provided with the protrusions exists in the following range.

[0155]

[0156] Figure 19 shows the relationship between 7? And j8. When s = 7 and β = 378.6, η takes the maximum value / J and takes the value 0.452. The cross-sectional shape of the web at this time is shown in FIG. 20 (a).

[0157] Since the web is a rectangular plate that is subjected to bending, the region below half the width of the rectangular plate is subjected to tensile stress. Since the tensile stress does not cause buckling, as shown in Fig. 18 (b) and Fig. 18 (c), in the `` Road Bridge Specification Manual '', the same explanation I Common edition II Steel Bridge edition, half of the web width of the web There are no ribs on the bottom. Even in the case where the protrusion is provided on the web, it is expected that there is no problem if the protrusion below the half of the web width is deleted. In Fig. 20 (a), the cross-sectional shape of the web is shown in Fig. 20 (b), where the projection below the half of the web width is removed. The area of the cross-sectional shape of FIG. 20 (b) is 0.389 with respect to the area of the cross-sectional shape of FIG. 18 (a).

[0158] By providing two ribs (intermediate supports) according to the present invention (reducing the cross-sectional area of the web by providing three protrusions), the "Road Bridge Specification Manual", the same explanation, I Common Edition, Steel Bridge Edition, is provided. web The cross-sectional area of the web can be further reduced by 16% (= 100 X {0. 464-0. 389} / 0. 464).

Example 3

[0159] An aluminum girder with an H-shaped section will be applied to a 20m highway bridge. The width and height of the girders are 400mm and 1400mm, respectively. The effect of light weight by providing the projection described in the present invention on the girder web is shown below.

[0160] The required cross-sectional second moment for the girder is 1.3 X 10 ^1C) mm ⁴ . Since the cross-sectional shape of the girder is shown in Fig. 21 (a), the cross-sectional secondary moment is expressed by the following equation.

[0161] [Equation 33]

40Q X 14Q0 ³ (400-T) b ³ _≥1 .

12 12

[0162] The type of aluminum alloy is A6061-T6. This aluminum alloy has a 0.2% yield strength of 245 MPa, a Young's modulus of 7.0 X 10 ⁴ MPa, and a Poisson's ratio of 0.3. The width-to-thickness ratio j8 of the web without protrusions is

0

[0163] [Numerical 34]

[0164] Therefore, the web thickness T is

[0165] [Equation 35]

Γ = top

78.6

From the first equation and this equation, when the equal sign holds in the first equation, b = 1350 mm, T = 17.2 mm is obtained. And the thickness of the girder flange is (1400-1350) Z2 = 25mm. As a result, the cross-sectional shape of the projectionless girder is shown in Fig. 21 (b).

[0167] A protrusion having a rectangular cross section is attached to one side of the web. From equation (31),

[0168] [Equation 36]

[0169] In equation (31), when the web is subjected to bending, the coefficient c is delimited by the protrusions.

Five

Depending on the total number of plate elements s, by setting c to 1, the upper limit of 13 is kept low.

5 2

ing. Therefore, if j8 = 10, the projection has a rectangular cross section, so j8 = 10.

twenty three

[0170] From the equation (27), the width-thickness ratio β of the web provided with the protrusions exists in the following range.

[0171] [Equation 37]

[0172] Figure 22 shows the relationship between 7? And j8. When s = 6, β = 210.1, ξ = 1.359, η is the maximum / J and the value is 0.538. Force S

t = b / β = 1350/210. 1 = 6.4mm → 8mm

b = b / s = 1350/6 = 225mm

t = ^ t = l.359X8 = llmm

From the above, the cross-sectional shape of the girders with protrusions is as shown in Fig. 21 (c).

[0173] The cross-sectional secondary moment of the cross-sectional shape of Fig. 21 (c) is 1. 334X10 ^lc> mm ^4, which is larger than the required cross-sectional secondary moment of 1.3X10 ¹⁰ mm ⁴ .

Sectional area of the [0174] FIG. 21 (b) is 43220mm ^2, the cross-sectional area shown in FIG. 21 (c) is 36795mm ^2.

The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the girders with protrusions to the cross-sectional area of the girders without protrusions is 0.85. Therefore, by attaching a protrusion, the weight is reduced to 15%.

[0175] Since the cross section of Fig. 21 (c) is large, extrusion is not possible. However, a girder having the cross-sectional shape of Fig. 21 (c) can be obtained by friction stir welding (FSW) of a T-shaped extruded profile Example 4

[0176] Box-shaped aluminum profile is applied to the 4m span column. The inner dimension of the box section is 280 mm X 280 mm. The effect of light weight by providing the projections described in the present invention is shown below.

[0177] The type of aluminum alloy is A6061-T6. This aluminum alloy has a 0.2% proof stress of 245 MPa, a Young's modulus of 7.0 × 10 ⁴ MPa, and a Poisson's ratio of 0.3. Protrusive The web width-thickness ratio j8 is

0

[0178] [Equation 38]

[0179] Therefore,

0) is 280Z32.1 = 8.7mm, so the cross-sectional shape of the column without protrusions is shown in Fig. 23 (a).

[0180] A protrusion having a rectangular cross section is attached to one side of the aluminum plate. From equation (31)

[0181] [Equation 39]

[0182] Therefore, if β = 10, it is a projection with a rectangular cross section, so j8 = 10.

twenty three

From equation (27), the width-thickness ratio β of the web provided with the protrusions exists in the following range.

[0183] [Equation 40]

32.1 </? <32.15-

[0184] Figure 24 shows the relationship between 7? And j8. When s = 3, β = 87.8, and ξ = 1.514, η is the maximum / J and the value is 0.558. Force S

b = b / s = 280/3 = 93.3 mm

t = ξί = 1. 514X3. 2 = 4.8mm → 5. Omm

2

b = β t = β ξί = 10Χ1. 514X3. 2 = 48.5 mm

2 2 2 2

From the above, the cross-sectional shape of the column with protrusions is as shown in FIG.

Sectional area of the [0185] FIG. 23 (a) is 10047mm ^2, the cross-sectional area of FIG. 23 (b) is a 5565mm ^2. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the column with protrusions to the cross-sectional area of the column without protrusions is 0.55. Therefore, a 45% lighter weight can be achieved by attaching protrusions.

[0186] The slenderness ratio of columns (= column length Z turning radius of section of column) is stipulated as 140 or less by the Building Standard Law. The turning radius of the cross section shown in Fig. 23 (b) is 107 mm. Since the length of the column is 4000 mm, the slenderness ratio = 4000 Z107 = 37, which satisfies the regulations even if the weight is reduced. Example 5

[0187] An example in which the present invention is applied twice to a rectangular aluminum alloy plate subjected to compression is shown below.

[0188] The type of aluminum alloy is A6061-T6. This aluminum alloy has a 0.2% yield strength of 245 MPa, a Young's modulus of 7. OX 10 ⁴ MPa, and a Poisson's ratio of 0.3. Adopt 0.2% resistance against aluminum for buckling strength of rectangular plate. A protrusion with a rectangular cross section is attached to one side of the rectangular plate.

[0189] From equation (31),

[0190] [Equation 41]

Therefore, if j8 = 10, it is a projection having a rectangular cross section, so j8 = 10.

2 3 When subjected to compression, the width-thickness ratio of the rectangular plate without protrusions) 8

0 is obtained from equation (2)

[0192] [Equation 42]

[0193] From equation (27), the width-thickness ratio β of the rectangular plate provided with the protrusions is in the following range.

[0194] [Equation 43]

32.1 <^ <32.1. _{? 1}

[0195] where s is the total number of plate elements delimited by the protrusions in the first use of the present invention.

[0196] The relationship between η and Β is shown by the solid line in Fig. 25. FIG. 26 shows the cross-sectional shapes corresponding to points 0, A, B, and C in FIG. Figure 26 shows the results for a plate width b of 128.56mm. Point O is the cross-sectional shape for the maximum width-thickness ratio j8 = 32.1 of the rectangular plate without protrusions. Point A and point B suddenly

0

The total number of occurrences is different, but the value of r? Is the same 0.566. Point C is a cross-sectional shape in which r? Is minimized by the first use of the present invention.

[0197] In the sectional view of point A in Fig. 26, the present invention is again applied between the protrusion and the end of the rectangular plate. The results are shown by the broken lines in FIG. In this case, the protrusion created by the first use of the present invention may buckle as a column of a T-shaped cross section (a black-painted portion) as shown in FIG. If the protrusion may buckle as a column with a T-shaped cross section, it will be necessary to constrain the movement of the protrusion in the out-of-plane direction of the rectangular plate at several points (black dots in Fig. 27) to prevent this. .

[0198] The range where the broken line in Fig. 25 exists with respect to the width-thickness ratio β is as follows.

[0199] [Equation 44]

[0200] Here, s is the distance between adjacent protrusions of the rectangular plate obtained by the first use of the present invention.

2

A board separated by a protrusion newly created by the second use of the present invention (when the protrusion is 1 in the first use of the present invention, between the end of the rectangular plate and the protrusion) The total number of elements.

[0201] When the present invention is used twice, the total number s of plate elements delimited by all protrusions created by the first and second use of the present invention is given by the following equation.

[0202] [Equation 45]

= ₂ (3 2)

[0203] In Fig. 25, Fig. 26 shows the cross-sectional shape for point D where the value of 7? The cross-sectional area of point D is 0.62 times that of point C. Thus, by repeatedly using the present invention, the cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate can be further reduced.

Example 6

[0204] An embodiment for the case where a SM490Y steel rectangular plate is subjected to compression will be described. The yield stress of SM49 OY steel is 355 MPa, Young's modulus is 2.0 X 10 ⁵ MPa, Poisson's ratio is 0.3. The yield stress of steel is adopted for the buckling strength of the rectangular plate. A protrusion with a rectangular cross section is attached to one side of the steel plate.

[0205] From the equation (31),

[0206] [Equation 46]

[0207] Therefore, if j8 = 14, because it is of rectangular cross-section projection | 8 = a 14 _c

twenty three

[0208] Width-thickness ratio β of projection-free rectangular plate when subjected to compression

0 is obtained from equation (2)

[0209] [Equation 47]

[0210] From equation (27), the width-thickness ratio | 8 of the rectangular plate provided with the protrusions is in the following range.

[0211] [Equation 48]

45.1 <^ <45.1

[0212] Figure 28 shows the relationship between r? And j8.

[0213] Next, when a compressive force of P = 5000 kN is applied to a rectangular plate having a plate width b of 1128 mm, the shape that minimizes the cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate is obtained using FIG.

[0214] The conditions under which the rectangular plate does not buckle are as follows.

[0215] [Equation 49]

P

Ding ^<σ (3 3)

[0216]

Ρ: Compression force acting on the rectangular plate

Α: Cross-sectional area of a rectangular plate with protrusions, including protrusions

σ: Buckling strength of a rectangular plate without projections or a rectangular plate with projections, A = 7? Α (where A is the cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate without projections).

1 0 0

Substituting this into equation (33) gives the following equation:

[0217] [number 50] ( ³⁴⁾

[0218] Since this is substituted into the equation (34), the following equation is obtained.

[0219] [Equation 51]

P (

> —T (3 5)

b

-— [0220] Substituting P = 5000kN, σ = 355MPa, b = 1128mm, β = 45.1 into equation (35) ο

The following equation can be obtained.

[0221] [Equation 52]

FIG. 28 shows a horizontal line (single-point long chain line) where η> 0.50 η = 0.50. The relationship between 7? And β in the region above this horizon does not buckle. Then, at the point A (r? = 0.50, β = 112.1) where this horizontal line intersects the relationship between η and β, the cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate with protrusions is minimized. The cross-sectional shape for point 形状 is shown in Fig. 29 (b). Fig. 29 (a) shows the cross-sectional shape of a rectangular plate without protrusions. The ratio of the cross-sectional area in Fig. 29 (b) to the cross-sectional area in Fig. 29 (a) is 0.50. Therefore, 50% cross-sectional area can be reduced by providing the protrusions.

Example 7

[0223] An example is shown for the case where a SM490Y steel rectangular plate receives a shear load (load as shown in Fig. 10) in addition to the bending load. The yield stress of SM490Y steel is 355 MPa, Young's modulus is 2. OX 10 ⁵ MPa, and Poisson's ratio is 0.3. The yield stress of steel is used for the buckling strength of the rectangular plate. A protrusion having a rectangular cross section is attached to one side of the steel plate.

[0224] From equation (31),

[0225] [Equation 53]

[0226] In equation (31), the coefficient c varies depending on the total number s of plate elements delimited by the protrusions.

Five

However, by setting c to 1, the upper limit of 13 is kept low. So 13 = 14 and

5 2 2, j8 = 14 because the protrusion has a rectangular cross section.

Three

[0227] When subjected to bending, the width-thickness ratio β of the rectangular plate without protrusions is

0

[0228] [Equation 54]

[0229] From equation (27), the width-thickness ratio β of the rectangular plate provided with the protrusions is in the following range. [0230] [Equation 55]

[0231] The relationship between η and β is shown in Fig. 30 by a solid line.

[0232] Next, when a shearing force of Q = 1000kN is applied to a rectangular plate having a plate width b of 2537mm, the shape that minimizes the cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate is obtained using FIG.

[0233] With respect to the shearing force Q, the condition that the rectangular plate with protrusions does not buckle is given by the following equation.

[0234] [Numerical 56]

(3 6)

[0235] \ 1

Q: Shear force acting on rectangular plate

t: Thickness of rectangular plate with protrusions

k: Buckling coefficient for shear of rectangular plate with protrusions

2

E: Young's modulus of rectangular plate

μ: Poisson's ratio of rectangular plate

β = b / t: Width-thickness ratio of rectangular plate with protrusions

From equation (19), bt is given by

[0236] [Equation 57]

[0237]

t: Thickness of rectangular plate with protrusions

s: Total number of plate elements separated by protrusions c: Coefficient related to the cross-sectional area of the protrusion (see Table 1)

32

4 2 3

1)

b: Projection height (see Table 1)

2

b: If there are protrusions on both sides of the rectangular plate, the dimension between the ends of the protrusions on both sides (see Table 1)

Three

t: Thickness of the root of the protrusion (see Table 1)

2

r? = A / A: Including the protrusion of the rectangular plate with protrusions relative to the cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate without protrusions.

Ten

Ratio of cross-sectional area

A: Cross-sectional area of a rectangular plate without protrusions

0

β

0: Width / thickness ratio of rectangular plate without protrusions

β = b / t: width-thickness ratio for b

3 4 2 4

ξ = t / t: Ratio of the thickness of the root of the projection to the thickness of the rectangular plate with the projection

2

Buckling factor k for shear of rectangular plate with protrusions

2 is given by the following formula (Ichiro Oshoku

, Yukiaki Kitamura, Keisuke Akasaki, Takahisa Tsuji, Big Laszlo Gergeri, Katsumi Mikawa: Proposal of a new aluminum-um alloy stiffening girder, Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 51 A, pp. 203-210, 2005

) o

[0238] [Equation 58] k ₂ = 3.78 (1 + 0.81 (1.52 + rs ⁵ f ⁵ (3 8)

[0239] Here, r is the ratio of the bending rigidity of one protrusion to the bending rigidity of the rectangular plate, and is given by Expression (11).

[0240] Substituting equation (37) into equation (36), and solving!

[0241] [Equation 59] J 2ll- / i ² ? ² (i-lk,?, ² l

ζ ⁽³⁹⁾

[0242] On the other hand, for shear force Q, the rectangular plate with protrusions must also satisfy the following conditions that do not yield shear.

[0243] [Equation 60]

[0244] Here,

Q: Shear force acting on rectangular plate

t: Thickness of rectangular plate with protrusions

The

0: Shear yield stress of rectangular plate

The shear yield stress τ is given by

0

[0245] [Equation 61]

[0246] Here,

The

0: Shear yield stress of rectangular plate

σ

0: Yield stress of rectangular plate

Substituting Equation (37) and Equation (41) into Equation (40) and solving for 7?

[0247] [Numerical 62]

[0248] In Equation (38), Equation (39) and Equation (42), β = 110.3, E = 2.0 X 10 ⁵ MPa, μ = 0.3, ο

σ = 355MPa, Q = 1000kN, b = 2537mm, j8 = 14, n = l, c = 3, c = 1

0 3 31 32 Substituting to get the relation with η. The relationship between η and e given by Equation (39) is shown in Fig. 30 by a broken line. The relationship between η and e given by Eq. (42) is located below the relationship between η and e given by Eq.

In FIG. 30, in the region above the broken line, the rectangular plate with protrusions does not buckle against the shearing force. At the point A = 0.543, β = 231.2) where the solid line of s = 5 and the broken line of s = 5 intersect, the cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate with protrusions is minimized. Figure 31 (b) shows the cross-sectional shape of the rectangular plate with protrusions relative to the dots. Fig. 31 (a) shows the cross-sectional shape of a rectangular plate without projections. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of Fig. 31 (b) to the cross-sectional area of Fig. 31 (a) is 0.54. But Therefore, by providing protrusions, the cross-sectional area can be reduced by 46%.

Claims

The scope of the claims

[1] A transport device panel structure or a structural member panel structure comprising a rectangular plate, two or more supports, and one or more protrusions,

(iv) The total cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate and the one or more protrusions is provided with protrusions! /, NA! /, and is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the rectangular plate;

[2] When two or more intermediate supports are provided between the support at the end of the rectangular plate and the intermediate support, one or more protrusions are further provided between the intermediate support and the intermediate support. The panel structure according to claim 1, which is provided.

[3] The panel structure according to claim 1, wherein the one or more protrusions are provided in parallel to the two opposing supports.

[4] The panel structure according to [1], wherein the protrusions are provided at equal intervals between the support and the support.

[5] The rectangular plate is made of at least one material selected from the group consisting of metal, resin, and fiber reinforced resin, and the protrusion is made of metal, resin, and fiber reinforced resin. 2. The panel structure according to claim 1, comprising at least one material selected from the group.

6. The panel structure according to claim 5, wherein the rectangular plate is made of metal, and the protrusion has at least one material force selected from the group consisting of metal and fiber reinforced resin.

7. The panel structure according to claim 1, wherein the rectangular plate and the protrusion are made of the same material.

8. The panel structure according to claim 5, wherein the metal is at least one selected from the group consisting of iron, aluminum, and magnesium, or an alloy based thereon.

9. The panel structure according to claim 8, wherein the alloy is selected from the group consisting of steel, stainless steel, and aluminum alloy force.

[10] The panel structure according to claim 1, wherein the building is a building or a bridge.

[11] The panel structure according to claim 1, wherein the structural member is a column or a girder.

12. The panel structure according to claim 1, wherein the transportation device is at least one selected from the group consisting of an automobile, a railway vehicle, a ship, an airplane, and a spacecraft.

[13] (I) a step of supporting the rectangular plate by two or more supports including two supports at the end of the rectangular plate; and

2. The method for producing a panel structure according to claim 1, comprising: (wherein steps (I) and (i) may be performed in any order or simultaneously! /).

[14] The method for manufacturing a panel structure according to claim 1, comprising a step of joining a part of the rectangular plate and a T-shaped extruded member constituting the protrusion.