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WO2007100309A1 - Additif polyvalent pour matériaux lubrifiants et combustibles et combustibles renfermant cet additif - Google Patents

Additif polyvalent pour matériaux lubrifiants et combustibles et combustibles renfermant cet additif Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007100309A1
WO2007100309A1 PCT/UA2006/000015 UA2006000015W WO2007100309A1 WO 2007100309 A1 WO2007100309 A1 WO 2007100309A1 UA 2006000015 W UA2006000015 W UA 2006000015W WO 2007100309 A1 WO2007100309 A1 WO 2007100309A1
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Prior art keywords
fuel
additive
mixture
liquid hydrocarbons
universal
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PCT/UA2006/000015
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Oleksandr Adolfovich Ozeryansky
Original Assignee
Ozeryansky Oleksandr Adolfovic
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ozeryansky Oleksandr Adolfovic filed Critical Ozeryansky Oleksandr Adolfovic
Priority to CN2006800014671A priority Critical patent/CN101180384B/zh
Priority to EP06748142A priority patent/EP1990397A4/fr
Publication of WO2007100309A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007100309A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/08—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving lubricity; for reducing wear
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/06—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic nitrogen-containing compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
    • C10L1/125—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
    • C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10L1/1824—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms mono-hydroxy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/185—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
    • C10L1/1857—Aldehydes; Ketones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
    • C10L1/1881—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C10L1/2227—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond urea; derivatives thereof; urethane
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C10L1/224—Amides; Imides carboxylic acid amides, imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/122—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/08—Amides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/10—Amides of carbonic or haloformic acids
    • C10M2215/102—Ureas; Semicarbazides; Allophanates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of petrochemistry, in particular, to additives for lubricants and fuel materials, as well as fuel for internal combustion engines, diesel fuel and heating oil for furnaces of heat and power generating stations and metal melting furnaces, which include a universal additive.
  • the proposed universal additive in technical essence is a universal additive for lubricants and fuel materials containing an aliphatic C 1 -C 4 monohydric alcohol and water / RF Patent N ° 2034905 for invention, IPC 6 C10L1 / 18, C10L1 / 22, Date Publications: 1995.05.10 /.
  • the known additive contains urea and acetic acid.
  • the disadvantage of the described additive is that during its use some metal structures of the fuel system, in particular carburetor internal combustion engines, are subject to increased corrosion and wear, which reduces the engine's life.
  • a fuel comprising a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons and a small amount of additive dissolved in a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons / RF Patent Ns 2057787 for invention, IPC 6 C10L1 / 18, C10L1 / 22, C10L1 / 28; Date of publication: 1996.04.10 /.
  • Mentioned fuel contains gasoline and kerosene-gas oil fractions, as well as nitrates of organic alcohols, a copolymer of higher esters of carboxylic acids with vinyl monomers, a metal polymer of organic acids and polymethylsiloxane.
  • the described fuel allows to increase the combustion of hydrocarbon fuel due to its supplement with additives containing metals, but the presence of metals in the fuel enhances the wear and corrosion of metal parts, which reduces the engine resource.
  • Closest to the proposed fuel for a diesel engine is a fuel comprising a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons and a small amount of additive dissolved in a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons / RF Patent M> 2057787 for invention, IPC 6 C10L1 / 18, C10L1 / 22, C10L1 / 28; Date of publication: 1996.04.10 /.
  • Mentioned fuel contains gasoline and kerosene-gas oil fractions, as well as nitrates of organic alcohols, a copolymer of higher esters of carboxylic acids with vinyl monomers, a metal polymer of organic acids and polymethylsiloxane.
  • the described fuel allows to increase the combustion of hydrocarbon fuel due to its supplement with additives containing metals, but the presence of metals in the fuel increases the wear and corrosion of metal parts of the fuel system of the engine, which reduces its resource.
  • the fuel closest to the proposed one is a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons containing a small amount of an additive dissolved in a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons / RF Patent N ° 2246528 for the invention, IPC 7 C10L1 / 22, Date of publication: 2005.02.20 /.
  • a disadvantage of the described fuel is that during its use as a heating fuel for furnaces of heat and power generating stations and metal-smelting furnaces, such an amount of additive is required that the use of such fuel with an additive becomes unprofitable.
  • the effect of increasing the thermal efficiency of the engine is achieved only by increasing combustion and is not associated with ion processes in the cylinder, since for a significant effect on these processes the compounds in the composition
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) fuels must be able to form a stable ionized atmosphere around gas particles.
  • An indicator of this property is the polarization of the molecules of the compound in the external electric field of the central ion of the compound.
  • a measure of polarization is molar refraction, a function of the refractive index of a substance, its molecular weight and density, independent of the state of aggregation and temperature.
  • M is the molecular weight, kg / mol; p is the density, kg / m 3 .
  • Molar refractions of known additives have relatively low values, not exceeding 3 * 10 " m / mol, therefore, such additives practically do not affect ionic processes during fuel combustion and do not contribute to an increase in the thermal efficiency of the engine.
  • the basis of the proposed inventions is the task of creating such compositions of fuel and universal additives to fuel and lubricants, which during their use both for motor (transmission) oils, lubricants, gasolines, and for kerosene, diesel fuel, heating oil and fuel oil, allowed in addition to reducing the formation of soot during the operation of engines and reducing the toxicity of exhaust gases, reduce the wear of metal elements of the fuel systems of engines by creating conditions for molar refraction by the formation of a double ion layer in friction pairs.
  • the proposed, as well as the well-known, universal additive to fuel materials contains aliphatic Cj-C 4 monohydric saturated alcohol and water, and, in accordance with the invention, it additionally contains water and / or alcohol-soluble ammonium salt of saturated mono-basic carbonic C 2 -C 5 acid and / or carbonic acid and / or urea with
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) this ratio of ingredients, in mass. %: aliphatic Ci-C 4 monohydric saturated alcohol OD -82 water and / or alcohol-soluble ammonium salt of the limiting monobasic carboxylic C 2 -C 5 acid and / or carbonic acid OD-16 and / or carbamide OD-44 water - up to 100.
  • the first variant of the proposed fuel for an internal combustion engine contains a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons and an additive dissolved in a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, and, in accordance with the invention, gasoline is used as a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons and a universal additive to fuel materials is used as an additive, the composition of which is given higher, with this ratio of ingredients, in wt.%: universal additive - 0.0000050 ... 0.0008 gasoline - the rest.
  • the second variant of the proposed fuel for an internal combustion engine contains a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons and an additive dissolved in a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, and, in accordance with the invention, fuel oil is used as a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, and as a additive is a universal additive to fuel materials, the composition of which is given higher, with this ratio of ingredients, in wt.%: universal additive - 0.00001 ... 0.005 fuel oil - up to 100.
  • the first version of the proposed fuel for a diesel engine contains a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons s and an additive dissolved in a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, and, in accordance with the invention, diesel fuel was used as a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, and as a additive, a universal additive to fuel materials, the composition of which is given above, with this ratio of ingredients, in mass. %: universal additive - 0.00001 ... 0.0025 diesel fuel - up to 100.
  • the second variant of the proposed fuel for a diesel engine contains a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons and an additive dissolved in a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, and, in accordance with the invention, rapeseed oil and / or diesel fuel and / or rapeseed oil methyl ester are used as a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, and as an additive - a universal additive to fuel materials, the composition of which is given above, with this ratio of ingredients, in mass%: universal additive - 0.00001 ... 0.0025 diesel fuel and / or rapeseed methyl ester about oil - 10 ... 90 rapeseed oil - up to 100.
  • the third variant of the proposed fuel for a diesel engine contains a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons and an additive dissolved in a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, and, in accordance with the invention, rapeseed oil methyl ester is used as a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, and a universal additive to fuel materials is used as an additive, composition which is given above, with this ratio of ingredients, in wt.%: universal additive - 0.00001 ... 0.0025 rapeseed oil methyl ester - up to 100.
  • the fuels for furnaces of heat and power generating stations and metal melting furnaces contain a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons and an additive dissolved in a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, and, in accordance with the invention, fuel oil is used as a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, and a universal additive to fuel materials is used as an additive, the composition of which is given above, with this ratio of ingredients, in mass%: universal additive - 0.00001 ... 0.005 fuel oil - up to 100.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) the surface of the cylinder to its volume, which leads to the formation of electrostatic pressure of mutually repulsive charges of the same name in the direction of the working surface of the piston.
  • electrostatic pressure is due to the conversion of part of the thermal energy of the molecules of the substances of the combustion products into the potential energy of ions in the electrostatic field of the space charge. With an increase in working volume due to the movement of the piston, this potential energy is completely converted into useful work.
  • the total fraction of heat that is converted to work in the presence of an electrostatic composite energy is greater than in the diabetic expansion process that occurs in the absence of ion diffusion.
  • the proposed universal additive to fuel materials is a compound having the following structural formula:
  • Ri is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl, alkyl or alkenyl radical
  • R 2 is hydrogen, an aryl or alkyl radical
  • X is a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl, alkyl or alkenyl radical.
  • Examples of such compounds are dibenzalacetone (the molar refraction value is 7.29 * 10 "5 m 3 / mol), salicylic acid N-phenylamide (the molar refraction value is 6.04 * 10 " 5 m 3 / mol), N 5 N 1 - dimethyl-N, N'-diphenylurea (the value of molar refraction is 7.22 * 10 "5 m 3 / mol), N, N'-diphenyl-N, N'-diethylurea (the value of molar refraction is 8.15 * 10 "5 m 3 / mol) or N, N'-diisopropyl-N, N'-diphenylurea (the molar refraction value is 9.08 * 10 " 5 m 3 / mol).
  • other compounds can be used, meeting the above requirements.
  • the proposed universal fuel additive can be introduced by conventional methods. As a rule, it is administered as a concentrate containing the additive itself and its liquid carrier. Such concentrates usually contain from 5 to 50 wt.% Additives, mainly in the form of a solution in the oil product. Organic solvents, for example, petroleum fractions, aromatic hydrocarbons, paraffin hydrocarbons, can be used as liquid carriers. The liquid carrier must be selected with the condition of its compatibility with the additive and fuel.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET affects the increase in the intensity of fuel combustion. Mentioned substance in the proposed composition plays the role of an ionizing agent. Urea also play the same role in the proposed composition. They can replace, as part of a universal additive to fuel materials, ammonium salts with a limiting monobasic carboxylic C 2 -Cs acid and / or carbonic acid (water and / or alcohol soluble), or they can be used independently, or together with the mentioned ammonium salts. The optimal, determined experimentally, the amount of urea is 0.1-44 mass%.
  • the spatial structure of the saturated hydrocarbon molecule a traditional fuel for internal combustion engines, when aliphatic C 1 -C 4 -CnHpTa and acetic acid are added to it with the above ratio of components, contributes to the destruction of the side branching chains in the pre-flame period without creating peroxide - the root cause of detonation .
  • This increases the burning rate of the fuel, since in this case oxygen more intensively replaces hydrogen, covering most of the hydrocarbons.
  • the amount of generated heat increases, that is, the efficiency of the engine increases, soot on the working surface of the piston-cylinder group decreases and the toxicity of the exhaust gases not only during prolonged operation of the diesel engine, but also during its heating.
  • gasoline is used as the most common mixture of liquid hydrocarbons.
  • the optimal amount of a universal additive for gasoline is its amount in the range of 0.0000050 ... 0.0008 mass%. So, with the amount of universal
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) additives less than 0.0000050 mass% the effect of its use with gasoline is practically not felt. Using it in an amount greater than 0.0008 mass% is not economically feasible, since it does not contribute to increasing the intensity of fuel combustion.
  • fuel oil is used as a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons.
  • the optimal amount of universal additive for fuel oil is its amount in the range of 0.00001 ... 0.005 mass%.
  • the amount of universal additive is less than 0.00001 mass%, the effect of its use with fuel oil is practically not felt.
  • Using it in an amount greater than 0.005 mass% is not economically feasible, since it does not increase the intensity of fuel oil combustion.
  • diesel fuel is used as a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons.
  • the optimal amount of universal additive for diesel fuel is its amount in the range of 0, 00001 ... 0.0025 mass%. So, with the amount of universal additive less than 0.00001 mass%, the effect of its use with diesel fuel is practically not felt. Using it in an amount greater than 0.0025 mass% is not economically feasible, since it does not increase the intensity of fuel combustion.
  • rapeseed oil is used as a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons.
  • the optimal amount of universal additives for rapeseed oil is its amount in the range of 0.00001 ... 0.0025 mass%. So, with the amount of universal additive less than 0.00001 mass%, the effect of its use with rapeseed oil is practically not felt. Using it in an amount greater than 0.0025 mass% is not economically feasible, since it does not contribute to increasing the intensity of fuel combustion.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) rapeseed oil.
  • the optimal amount of universal additive for rapeseed oil methyl ester is its amount in the range of 0.00001 ... 0.0025 mass%. So, when the amount of universal additive is less than 0.00001 mass%, the effect of its use with rapeseed oil is practically not felt. Using it in an amount greater than 0.0025 mass%, is not economically feasible, since it does not increase the intensity of fuel combustion.
  • the proposed universal additive is also used as an additive to lubricants, in particular, to engine lubricants and oils of cars and trucks, gear oils, gear and cylinder oils.
  • the optimal amount of universal additive in the lubricant is its amount in the range of 0.00001 ... 0.15 mass%, since it is with this amount of additive that a double ion layer is formed, which helps to reduce friction and the wear rate of friction pairs. So, when the amount of universal additive is less than 0.00001 mass%, the effect of its use with lubricant is practically not felt. Using it in an amount greater than 0.15 mass%, leads to the destruction of the two-layer ionic formation, which leads to the disappearance of the desired effect of use.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) the above volume ratio and was stirred until complete dissolution of the ammonium salts and / or urea.
  • the tests were carried out according to standard methods on automobiles ZIL-130, 138, GAZ-24, BAZ-21011, 2103, TOYOTA CAMRY 2.4, TOYOTA CRESIDA 1.6; LAZ-699P and Ikapyc-280 buses:
  • the CO and CH contents were determined according to GOST 21393-75, the surface of the combustion chamber according to GOST 20991-75 (for gasoline engines) and GOST 20303-74 for diesel engines.
  • the test results are shown in table 2.
  • the table shows the results of testing the universal additive to fuel materials on the engine of a GAZ 24 car (AI-93 gasoline), smoke was determined for diesel fuel on engines: Ikapyc-280 bus, KamAZ-5220 car , SCANIA 3664, VOLVO FH-12, RENAULT 5489, TOYOTA HIACE 95 hp, TOYOTA DYNA 2t. 95 h.p.
  • the content of solids was determined according to GOST 6370-83. Mechanical impurities in the study of all the proposed compositions of the fuel materials available devices are not identified.
  • the use of a universal additive to fuel materials of the proposed composition can reduce the amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere (CO and CH) by 5-20 times compared to gasoline without the proposed universal additive to fuel materials (example 15 ) and 5-10 times in comparison with the additive prototype (example 14).
  • engine power increases by 18-40% (in the prototype - by 4-5%), and fuel consumption decreases by 15-27% (in the prototype - by 4-5%).
  • the smoke of diesels in which fuel with an additive was used is reduced by 6-19 times (in the prototype - by 1.5-2 times). To a large extent, the formation of soot on the surface of the piston-cylinder group of the engine is prevented.
  • the use of the proposed additive can have a large economic effect, since it allows to reduce the amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere, reduce fuel and oil costs, increase engine power, and extend the engine overhaul.
  • the proposed heating fuel for furnaces of heat and power generating stations and metal-smelting furnaces was tested on a short drum furnace, a fuming furnace, PTK-4 boilers, a thermal power plant, and a Marten furnace. The test results are shown in table 5.
  • Comparative tests of traditional and proposed fuel compositions showed the advantages of the latter, which are to reduce the amount of harmful emissions and increase the efficiency of the engine (table 1), as well as reduce engine wear by 1.5 ... 2.0 times, without harmful effects spark plugs and extending the life of catalytic filters by 20% ... 4O%.
  • (++) - the first indicator is determined at the minimum idle speed; 2nd - at maximum idle. Note: the additive was introduced into gasoline in an amount of 0,00065 mass%; to diesel fuel - 0.00165 mass%.
  • (+) - the first indicator is obtained at the minimum idle speed; 2nd - at maximum. 5 Note: the proposed additive was introduced into gasoline in an amount of 0,00065 mass%; diesel fuel - 0.00165 mass%.
  • the additive was introduced into fuel oil in an amount of 0.0022 - 0.0026 mass%.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention relève du domaine de la pétrochimie et concerne en particulier des additifs pour matériaux lubrifiants et combustibles ainsi qu'un combustible pour moteur à combustion interne, un combustible diesel et un combustible de chauffe pour fours d'installations de génération de chaleur et d'énergie et fours de fusion de métal contenant cet additif polyvalent. L'additif de cette invention contient de 0,1 à 82% d'alcool C1-C4 saturé monoatomique aliphatique, de 0,1 à 16% d'eau et/ou de sel d'ammonium soluble dans l'alcool d'acide C2-C5 carboxylique monobasique saturé et/ou d'acide carbonique et/ou de 0,1 à 44% de carbamide, le reste étant constitué d'eau. Le combustible renferme un mélange d'hydrocarbures liquides et l'additif dissous dans ledit mélange. Comme mélange d'hydrocarbures liquides, on utilise de l'essence, du combustible diesel ou du mazout. Comme additif, on utilise l'additif polyvalent présentant la composition susmentionnée en une quantité comprise entre 0,000005 et 0,005%. Comme mélange d'hydrocarbures liquides, on utilise également une huile de colza et/ou un combustible diesel et/ou un éther méthylique d'huile de colza. Cette invention permet non seulement de réduire la formation de dépôts de suies pendant le fonctionnement de moteurs et de diminuer la toxicité des gaz d'échappement mais aussi de réduire l'usure des éléments métalliques de systèmes combustibles de moteurs en créant les conditions pour augmenter la réfraction molaire au moyen de la formation d'une double couche d'ions dans des paires de friction.
PCT/UA2006/000015 2006-03-02 2006-03-28 Additif polyvalent pour matériaux lubrifiants et combustibles et combustibles renfermant cet additif WO2007100309A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2006800014671A CN101180384B (zh) 2006-03-02 2006-03-28 润滑油和燃油通用添加剂，包含通用添加剂的内燃式发动机用燃油/方案/、柴油/方案/以及热电站燃烧炉和金属熔炉用生火燃油
EP06748142A EP1990397A4 (fr) 2006-03-02 2006-03-28 Additif polyvalent pour matériaux lubrifiants et combustibles et combustibles renfermant cet additif

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UAA200602282 2006-03-02
UAA200602282A UA88878C2 (uk) 2006-03-02 2006-03-02 Універсальна присадка до мастильних та паливних матеріалів, паливо для двигуна внутрішнього згоряння /варіанти/, для дизельного двигуна /варіанти/ та топкове паливо

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WO2007100309A1 true WO2007100309A1 (fr) 2007-09-07

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UA99885C2 (uk) * 2009-03-07 2012-10-10 Пшедсеберство Велобранзове Прима Сп. З.О.О. Модифікатор горіння твердого, рідкого і газоподібного палива, спосіб його одержання та застосування
PL209478B1 (pl) * 2009-07-28 2011-09-30 Przedsiębiorstwo Wielobranżowe Prima Społka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialno&Sac Modyfikator spalania paliw płynnych i gazowych takich jak paliwa żeglugowe, olej napędowy, benzyna, olej lekki i ciężki, mazut i innych węglowodorów, sposób modyfikowania procesu spalania paliw i zastosowanie modyfikatora spalania paliw
CZ304785B6 (cs) * 2013-06-12 2014-10-15 Loktionov Sergey Vyacheslavovich Přísada do paliva a palivo obsahující tuto přísadu
CN108350372B (zh) 2015-06-30 2021-05-25 拉弗朗特拉大学 包含油菜籽油甲酯、表面活性剂、稀释剂和金属氧化物的用于重油的生物添加剂
RU2602076C1 (ru) * 2015-11-09 2016-11-10 Юрий Александрович Пименов Способ получения топливной композиции
CN106318483B (zh) * 2016-09-30 2017-09-15 石世伦 醇醚燃料及其减排汽油

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US20180134976A1 (en) * 2015-04-21 2018-05-17 Limited Liability Company "Inoil" Multi-Function Universal Fuel Additive

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EP1990397A4 (fr) 2012-04-04
UA88878C2 (uk) 2009-12-10
CN101180384B (zh) 2012-08-22
EP1990397A1 (fr) 2008-11-12

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