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WO2007016735A1 - Poutre d’etagere de rangement - Google Patents

Poutre d’etagere de rangement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007016735A1
WO2007016735A1 PCT/AU2006/001126 AU2006001126W WO2007016735A1 WO 2007016735 A1 WO2007016735 A1 WO 2007016735A1 AU 2006001126 W AU2006001126 W AU 2006001126W WO 2007016735 A1 WO2007016735 A1 WO 2007016735A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
racking
racking beam
webs
beam according
stiffening
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2006/001126
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Murray Clarke
Paul Berry
Stephen Celati
Original Assignee
Dematic Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2005904257A external-priority patent/AU2005904257A0/en
Application filed by Dematic Pty Ltd filed Critical Dematic Pty Ltd
Priority to NZ565873A priority Critical patent/NZ565873A/en
Priority to AU2006279253A priority patent/AU2006279253B2/en
Priority to CA002617931A priority patent/CA2617931A1/fr
Priority to US12/063,193 priority patent/US20100163506A1/en
Publication of WO2007016735A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007016735A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B96/00—Details of cabinets, racks or shelf units not covered by a single one of groups A47B43/00 - A47B95/00; General details of furniture
    • A47B96/14—Bars, uprights, struts, or like supports, for cabinets, brackets, or the like
    • A47B96/1441—Horizontal struts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B47/00—Cabinets, racks or shelf units, characterised by features related to dismountability or building-up from elements
    • A47B47/02—Cabinets, racks or shelf units, characterised by features related to dismountability or building-up from elements made of metal only
    • A47B47/021—Racks or shelf units
    • A47B47/027—Racks or shelf units with frames only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G1/00—Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines
    • B65G1/02—Storage devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0413—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0426—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
    • E04C2003/043—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the hollow cross-section comprising at least one enclosed cavity
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0465—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section square- or rectangular-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0473—U- or C-shaped

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to storage racking systems and more particularly to racking beams used in such systems .
  • Storage racking systems are widely used in warehousing and other industrial facilities. These systems typically include multiple levels of metal racking beams arranged to support cartons or pallets and which are supported by vertical load bearing members commonly referred to as uprights. These uprights are typically made from a profiled steel section and metal bracing is provided which extends between adjacent uprights.
  • the racks are usually arranged in straight rows with aisles formed between those rows that allow access to the stock. To make the most efficient use of the available space, these aisles are made as narrow as possible. As such, there is an ongoing risk of damage to the racking system from handling equipment such as forklifts or the like in view of the confined spaces in which the handling equipment operate .
  • the present invention provides a racking beam comprising top and bottom flanges, at least one web interconnecting the flanges, and at least one stiffening formation arranged to stiffen an intermediate region of the at least one web along at least a substantial portion of its length so as to resist lateral loading applied to the racking beam.
  • a racking beam which has enhanced lateral loading capacity.
  • This capacity is ideally suited to resist frontal impact on the racking beams which would otherwise cause beam damage. Whilst such frontal impact may not compromise the safety of a beam, a damaged appearance to the beam looks both unsightly and often causes concern amongst operators and managers .
  • Racking beams are susceptible to lateral impact typically by damage from forklifts or the like operating in the confined spaces provided in the aisles or by stocking procedures where operators use the racking beam to assist in locating the stock in place, typically by lowering a pallet onto the beam prematurely and then pushing the load until the bottom front board of the pallet hits the beam.
  • the at least one stiffening formation is located in an intermediate region of the web. This has particular advantages as it not only stiffens a region of the racking beam which is most susceptible to failure under lateral load, but moreover it provides a condition where part of the capacity of the beam to resist lateral loading is independent of the vertical loading applied to the beam.
  • the invention relates to a racking beam that has a vertical loading capacity and a horizontal loading capacity, wherein at least part of the horizontal loading capacity is independent of the vertical loading capacity applied to the beam.
  • At least 20% of the horizontal loading capacity is independent of the vertical loading capacity.
  • the racking beam is formed as a hollow section, having two spaced apart webs interconnecting the flanges.
  • the at least one stiffening formation is arranged to stiffen at least one of the webs. In use, these webs typically form the front and back faces of the racking beam. In an arrangement where only one of the webs include a stiffening formation, typically the stiffening formation is formed on the front web.
  • one or more stiffening formations is arranged to stiffen both the webs.
  • the racking beam is formed from first and second members that are disposed one on top of the other and are joined together.
  • the at least one web of the racking beam comprises a first part formed from the first member and a second part formed from the second member and wherein the at least one stiffening formation is formed at the joint between the first and second members.
  • the two members are joined by one or more conventional stitch welds or a continuous laser weld.
  • the racking beam is formed from first and second U shaped sections, each section having a flange, first and second webs projecting from the flange, inwardly extending lips at the distal end of the respective webs, and a lip return disposed at a distal end of the lips.
  • the lips of the webs of the respective sections form respective stiffening formations of the racking beam which are disposed intermediate the top and bottom flanges .
  • the at least one stiffening formation is in the form of a diaphragm which connects the spaced apart webs.
  • the racking beam is formed from a rectangular or square hollow section and a U section as described above.
  • the respective lips of the U section are disposed in abutment with one side of the hollow section, which side forms the diaphragm of the racking beam.
  • the racking beam is formed from sheet material which is configured generally as a closed S shape which thereby forms two generally square or rectangular hollow sections that share a common wall that in turn forms the diaphragm of the racking beam.
  • the at least one stiffening formation is in the form of a dimple or rib of sufficient depth in the web to provide adequate stiffening.
  • the at least one stiffening formation may be continuous along at least a substantial portion of the length of the beam, or may be formed from a plurality of shorter lengths that function in a similar manner as a continuous stiffening formation.
  • the racking beam allows for stiffening of one or more webs in the beam.
  • this stiffening may be positioned anywhere in an intermediate region of the web, from 20% of the depth down to 80% to the depth, but is preferably located just above the neutral axis at approximately 40- 45% of the depth.
  • the stiffness is sufficient so that the web does not suffer from local buckling, but instead is able to realise the full yield capacity of the material.
  • the web will change from behaving as a single plate element supported by the top and bottom flanges, to behaving as two separate plate elements both supported by the stiffening formation and one of the flanges.
  • the buckling half wave length decreases in direct proportion to the reduced width of each plate element, namely by a factor of two
  • the buckling strength of the total plate assembly will increase by a factor of approximately four, and generally yielding rather than buckling will become - ⁇ - the determining factor. Rather than an abrupt change in behaviour, this transition may occur more gradually, as the effectiveness of the stiffening formation increases, and produce an intermediate partially stiffened buckling response .
  • a further advantage of adding the stiffening formation near the neutral axis of the beam is that the stiffener is relatively unstressed due to vertical load and is thus able to fully contribute to the horizontal resistance of the beam, irrespective of the level of vertical loading.
  • the beam is typically made from metal such as aluminium, titanium, stainless steel or normal steel.
  • Stainless steel may find niche applications in clean room or pharmaceutical environments but the most common commercial use is typically normal steel. Whilst titanium could be used it is anticipated to have limited application because of the expense of the metal.
  • the beam is ideally suited for thinner materials and typically the gauge of the metal is from between 1.2 mm to 2.5 mm. In addition to using metals, the beam could be applied to a range of other materials such as plastics or composites.
  • the beam is formed from sheet metal which may be roll formed into its final shape. If the beam is formed from metal such as aluminium or plastic, the beam may be formed using an extrusion process instead of a roll forming process.
  • the racking beam according to embodiments of the invention is able to cater for the combined vertical and horizontal load conditions as well as the potential for localised damage from dynamic point loading.
  • Fig. 1 is a front schematic view of a storage racking system
  • Fig. 2 is an isometric view of a first embodiment of a racking beam for use in the racking system of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is an elevation view of the racking beam of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a plan view of the racking beam of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 5 is a sectional view of along the section line A of Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 6 is an isometric view of a second embodiment of racking beam for the racking system of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 7 is a cross sectional view of the racking beam of Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 8 is an isometric view of the third embodiment of a racking beam for the racking system of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 9 is a cross sectional view of the racking beam of Fig. 8.
  • Fig. 10 is an interaction graph illustrating horizontal and vertical loading capacity for 1.6mm thickness beams ;
  • Fig. 11 is an interaction graph illustrating horizontal and vertical loading for 2.0mm thickness beams.
  • Fig. 12 is a graph of horizontal deformation and the reciprocal of available moment capacity for various beams.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a storage racking system 100 that includes multiple levels 101, 102 of metal racking beams
  • the metal racking beams 10 include connectors 11 at opposite ends which connect the beams to the adjacent uprights 104.
  • a first embodiment of the racking beam 10 is disclosed with reference to Figs. 2 to 5.
  • the beam comprises top and bottom flanges (12 and 13) which are interconnected by webs 14, 15.
  • the racking beam is generally rectangular in cross section and further incorporates stiffening formations 16 which are disposed in an intermediate region of respective ones of the webs 14, 15. These stiffening formations are designed to stiffen the intermediate region of the webs 14, 15 along its length so as to improve the beam' s resistance to lateral loading applied to the racking beam 10.
  • Such lateral loading may be caused by frontal impact of the racking beams from forklifts or the like operating in the confined spaces provided in the aisles of the storage racks 100.
  • the beam is made from steel strip having a gauge of between 1.2 mm to 2.5 mm.
  • beam 10 may be made from other metal such as aluminium, titanium or stainless steel which may be formed from strip which is roll formed or could be formed using an extrusion process .
  • the beam also could be made from other non-metallic materials such as plastic or composite structures.
  • the racking beam 10 is formed from first and second U shaped members 20, 21. These members 20, 21 are disposed one on top of the other in opposing relationship with the bottom member 21 being equal to or slightly larger than the top member 20.
  • Each member 20, 21 includes a flange 22, 23 and webs 24, 25, 26 and 27 which project from the respective flanges 22, 23.
  • the members 20, 21 also include inwardly directed lips 28, 29, 30 and 31 disposed at the distal end of the respective webs and lip returns 32, 33, 34 and 35 which extend from the respective lips.
  • the members 20, 21 are joined so that respective ones of the lips 28, 29, 30 and 31 are in abutting relationship.
  • the members are typically welded together along this joint by either conventional stitch welding or a continuous laser welding process.
  • the stiffening formations 16 are formed by the interconnecting lips and lip returns.
  • the respective webs 14 and 15 of the racking beam are formed by the respective webs 24, 25, 26 and 27 of the members 20, 21.
  • Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate a second embodiment 40 of the racking beam.
  • the racking beam 40 includes many of the features of the first racking beam and like features have been given like reference numerals.
  • the racking beam 40 is formed from first and second members 41 and 42 which are disposed one on top of the other. Further, the bottom member is a U shaped member as in the racking beam 10. , however, in contrast to the earlier embodiment, the top member is in the form of a square or rectangular hollow section and the stiffening formation 16 is in the form of a diaphragm 43 which extends across an intermediate region of the racking beam 40 thereby interconnecting the opposite beam webs 14, 15.
  • Figs . 8 and 9 illustrate yet a further form of racking beam 50.
  • the racking beam 50 incorporates many of the features of the earlier embodiments and like reference numerals have been given to like features.
  • the configuration of the racking beam 50 is similar to that shown in Figs. 6 and 7 with the stiffening formation 16 incorporating a diaphragm 51 that extends between the opposite webs 14 and 15 at an intermediate portion of those webs.
  • the beam is not constructed from two sections but rather is formed from a single metal sheet which is folded into a closed S shape.
  • the sheet from which the racking beam 50 is formed incorporates opposite longitudinal edge margins 52 and 53 which are folded over so as to abut an intermediate region of the sheet which forms the diaphragm 51.
  • these edge margins 52 and 53 are joined to the intermediate region 51 by means of a continuous laser or a conventional stitch welding process .
  • racking beams 10, 40 or 50 have improved capacity to resist the lateral impact which may occur from forklifts or the like operating in the confined spaces.
  • stiffening formations 16, in their various forms are located in an intermediate region in the web. This has particular advantage as it not only stiffens a region of the racking beam which is most susceptible to failure under lateral load, but moreover it provides a condition where a significant part of the capacity of the beam to resist lateral loading is largely independent of the vertical loading applied to the beam.
  • the bending due to vertical load on the racking beam causes a linear stress gradient from compression in the top flange 12 through zero stress at the neutral axis to tension in the bottom flange 13.
  • both the top and bottom flanges may be fully stressed due to the vertical load and may not have any excess capacity to contribute to the beam's resistance of horizontal loads.
  • the bending due to horizontal load causes a linear stress gradient from compression in say the front face i.e. web 14 through zero stress at the neutral axis to tension in the rear face 15.
  • the horizontal resistance may need to derive primarily from the webs 14 and 15. In prior art arrangements, these webs were not stiffened and as such these webs behave as a long plate element under axial compression supported by its edges, for which the typical failure mode is local buckling with a half wave length similar to the width of the plate element .
  • the webs may change from behaving as a single plate element supported by the top and bottom flanges of the beam, to behaving as two separate plate elements, both supported by the central stiffener and one of the flanges.
  • the buckling half wave length decreases in direct proportion to the reduced width of each plate element, namely by a factor of two, the buckling strength of the total plate assembly will increase by a factor of approximately four, and yielding rather than buckling will become the determining factor.
  • a further benefit of adding the stiffener near the neutral axis of the beam is that the material is relatively unstressed due to vertical load and is thus able to fully contribute to the horizontal resistance of the beam, irrespective of the level of vertical loading.
  • Figs. 10 and 11 are interaction graphs illustrating the relationship between the vertical loading capacity and horizontal loading capacity of beams according to the above embodiment (the "S" and "UU” type beams as compared to a RHS) .
  • Fig. 10 illustrates loading capacity for beams having 1.6mm thickness whereas the graph in Fig. 11 is for a 2mm case.
  • the vertical axis represents the vertical loading whereas the horizontal axis illustrates lateral or horizontal loading.
  • 100% of the vertical loading capacity is represented by 1.0.
  • the incorporation of the stiffening formations effectively increases the total horizontal loading capacity by 50% for the 1.6mm case, and 30% for the 2.0mm case. This is represented by a horizontal shift of the graph line along the horizontal axis.
  • Each beam of standard length 2590mm was loaded with the equivalent of 1000kg pallets, which equates to an applied vertical moment M x at mid-span of 3.29kN.m.
  • a pendulum weight was used to simulate the impact of a 3000kg forklift at 2km/h and the permanent horizontal deformation ⁇ y was measured.
  • Fig. 12 shows a graph of the permanent deformation plotted against the reciprocal of the available moment capacity, which indicates that there is an inverse relationship and therefore provides supporting evidence for the general concepts and theory presented.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pallets (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention concerne une poutre (10) d’étagère de rangement, comportant des brides supérieure (12) et inférieure (13) et au moins une âme (14) reliant les brides (12, 13). L’âme (14) comporte au moins un élément raidisseur (16) conçu pour raidir une région intermédiaire de l’âme (14) le long au moins d’une partie substantielle de sa longueur de façon à lui conférer une résistance aux charges latérales s’exerçant sur la poutre (10). La poutre (10) peut prendre plusieurs formes différentes, et présenter notamment des premier et deuxième tronçons en U opposés en butée, ou prendre la forme d’un profilé en S fermé. L’invention concerne également une poutre d’étagère de rangement présentant une résistance aux charges verticales et une résistance aux charges horizontales, la résistance aux charges horizontales étant au moins partiellement indépendante des charges verticales s’exerçant sur la poutre.
PCT/AU2006/001126 2005-08-08 2006-08-08 Poutre d’etagere de rangement WO2007016735A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NZ565873A NZ565873A (en) 2005-08-08 2006-08-08 A storage racking beam with a horizontal loading capacity independent of its vertical loading capacity
AU2006279253A AU2006279253B2 (en) 2005-08-08 2006-08-08 A storage rack beam
CA002617931A CA2617931A1 (fr) 2005-08-08 2006-08-08 Poutre d'etagere de rangement
US12/063,193 US20100163506A1 (en) 2005-08-08 2006-08-08 Storage rack beam

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2005904257 2005-08-08
AU2005904257A AU2005904257A0 (en) 2005-08-08 Racking beam

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007016735A1 true WO2007016735A1 (fr) 2007-02-15

Family

ID=37727021

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU2006/001126 WO2007016735A1 (fr) 2005-08-08 2006-08-08 Poutre d’etagere de rangement

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20100163506A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2617931A1 (fr)
MY (1) MY141833A (fr)
NZ (1) NZ565873A (fr)
WO (1) WO2007016735A1 (fr)

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DE102017128745A1 (de) * 2017-12-04 2019-06-06 Grass Gmbh Führungsschiene eines Führungssystems, Führungssystem, Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Führungsschiene und Möbel
US10597864B1 (en) 2019-05-01 2020-03-24 Storage Structures, Inc. Structural member assemblies, beams, and support structures comprising same
US10513849B1 (en) 2019-05-01 2019-12-24 Storage Structures, Inc. Structural member assembly and support structures comprising same
US11958686B2 (en) * 2020-11-10 2024-04-16 Apex Storage, LLC Braces, method and process of use thereof for the repair of a storage rack
CN112617471B (zh) * 2020-11-19 2022-10-14 四川工程职业技术学院 一种基于物联网的计算机设备防护装置
CN114614176A (zh) * 2022-03-25 2022-06-10 中创新航科技股份有限公司 储能机架
WO2025061671A1 (fr) * 2023-09-22 2025-03-27 Autostore Technology AS Entretoise de colonne destinée à être montée entre deux éléments verticaux adjacents d'une structure d'ossature d'un système de stockage et de récupération automatisé

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US20100163506A1 (en) 2010-07-01
CA2617931A1 (fr) 2007-02-15
MY141833A (en) 2010-06-30

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