WO2007048369A1 - Complement et son procede de fabrication - Google Patents
Complement et son procede de fabrication Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007048369A1 WO2007048369A1 PCT/DE2006/001511 DE2006001511W WO2007048369A1 WO 2007048369 A1 WO2007048369 A1 WO 2007048369A1 DE 2006001511 W DE2006001511 W DE 2006001511W WO 2007048369 A1 WO2007048369 A1 WO 2007048369A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fat
- supplement
- starch
- feed
- supplements
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000282849 Ruminantia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 fatty acid salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007319 Avena orientalis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000075850 Avena orientalis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000209056 Secale Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007238 Secale cereale Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical class O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940100445 wheat starch Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005313 fatty acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 68
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 68
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 19
- 210000004767 rumen Anatomy 0.000 description 17
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 210000000813 small intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 8
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium propionate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCC([O-])=O.CCC([O-])=O BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotinic acid amide Natural products NC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
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- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 235000019728 animal nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001788 mono and diglycerides of fatty acids Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxine Chemical compound CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N (R)-carnitine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C[C@H](O)CC([O-])=O PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWJNQYPJQDRXPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanobenzohydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C#N TWJNQYPJQDRXPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chick antidermatitis factor Natural products OCC(C)(C)C(O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-Lyxoflavin Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000003133 Elaeis guineensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001950 Elaeis guineensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021360 Myristic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Myristic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Natural products C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003451 Vitamin B1 Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930003471 Vitamin B2 Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930003537 Vitamin B3 Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003851 biochemical process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019961 diglycerides of fatty acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006052 feed supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000304 folic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019152 folic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 1
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004461 grass silage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006651 lactation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019960 monoglycerides of fatty acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021281 monounsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005152 nicotinamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011570 nicotinamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940055726 pantothenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019161 pantothenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011713 pantothenic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003359 percent control normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 229940116540 protein supplement Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000005974 protein supplement Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxal hydrochloride Natural products CC1=NC=C(CO)C(C=O)=C1O RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002477 riboflavin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004460 silage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010374 vitamin B1 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019164 vitamin B2 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011716 vitamin B2 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019160 vitamin B3 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011708 vitamin B3 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019158 vitamin B6 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011726 vitamin B6 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940011671 vitamin b6 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
- A23K40/35—Making capsules specially adapted for ruminants
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a supplement with the features of the preamble of patent claim 1, which is used as an additive to the feed of animals. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing such a supplement with the features of the preamble of claim 21.
- animal feed supplements in order to maximize yields in livestock farming, in particular in an increased quantity and / or improved quality of animal products, such as milk or milk quality in dairy cows, sheep or goats, the size and quantity of eggs in poultry or meat quality, and Meat cattle, expressed, it is known to add to the animal feed supplements as an additive.
- these supplements may be structured differently, for example, DE-A 34 32 120 describes a supplement which contains bone fat, coconut oil, palm kernel fat and soybean oil in addition to an emulsifier.
- DE-Al-195 29 861 describes a lipid-containing concentrate as an additive for foodstuffs in animal nutrition, the known concentrate having from 10% by weight to 85% by weight of a lipid and from 15% by weight to 90% by weight of a lecithin.
- the present invention has for its object to provide a supplement as an additive to the feed of animals, with which it is possible to achieve an increased energy supply during feeding and a better energy yield from the animal feed.
- Feed of animals, in particular for ruminants' forage, where it is preferably used as an adjunct to the feed of cattle, cows, dairy cows, goats and sheep, provides that the supplement is a homogeneous, powdery composition of at least one solid at room temperature rumen-stable fat and at least one starch, wherein the homogeneous composition has a matrix structure in which the starch particles are uniformly dispersed in the at least one solid and rumen-stable fat.
- the supplement according to the invention which is added to the feed of the animals, is based on the basic idea that conventional feedstuffs usually ferment the carbohydrates contained in the feed in the stomach or rumen of the animals and partly in gaseous products, for example in carbon dioxide. volatile fatty acids and in particular be converted into methane. As a result, an energy loss occurs due to gassing, so that the correspondingly supplied carbohydrates are not completely converted into sugar Accordingly, they can then be fed through the rumen or Magenwanditch the bloodstream of the animal. Furthermore, such unwanted degradation of the carbohydrates causes, especially at higher dosages of carbohydrates, the pH of the rumen or stomach to drop drastically, which in turn means that the balance of the pansen circumstance.
- the cause of certain diseases for example claw diseases, can also be an excessively rapid fermentation of carbohydrates in the rumen / stomach, with a disease of the animal always resulting in a reduction of the animal products with a simultaneous decrease in quality.
- the rumen or stomach bacteria are sensitive to unsaturated fatty acids. This sensitivity leads to the fact that the unsaturated fatty acids are for the most part converted into saturated fatty acids and to a lesser extent into monounsaturated fatty acids, but this conversion by the ruminal bacteria can only be carried out to a limited extent. If now the amount of unsaturated fatty acids in the conventional
- Feed exceeds a certain capacity, the activity of the bacteria is disturbed sensitive, so that ultimately this feed intake in the rumen or in the stomach is limited, resulting in a correspondingly poorer feed conversion.
- the present invention is based on the basic idea of providing a supplement which, on the one hand, forms carbohydrates starch and on the other hand, a rumen-stable or gastric fat, wherein the starch particles are included in the rumen-stable or stomach-stable fat so that both the starch particles and the surrounding fat matrix together pass through the rumen or stomach, without the previously described Expire operations.
- the degradation of the supplement according to the invention in the small or large intestine can be made uniform and accelerated, which is the process of degradation described above Supplements further improved in terms of its effectiveness.
- the supplement according to the invention not only causes an increase in the energy input for each animal fed thereto, resulting in an increased growth rate, a reduced one Mortality, improved meat quality, higher milk yield and / or increased egg yield, but at the same time it is also prevented that in the stomach or rumen of the animal fed with the supplement according to the invention unwanted and previously described biologic run off genetic or biochemical processes that can ultimately lead to disease of the animal and / or reduce the digestibility of the other conventional feed and / or its energy supply.
- the supplement according to the invention with little effort increases the effectiveness of the usual food and effectively prevent the occurrence of unwanted stomach or rumen disorders in the feeding or diseases of the animal.
- the supplement according to the invention can also be constructed so that only a single starch particle is embedded in a single fat matrix.
- starch particle as used herein in the plural covers not only a plurality of starch particles but also the singular thereof, namely, a single starch particle.
- the supplement according to the invention can in principle be used as an additive to the feed of each animal, irrespective of whether the animal fed in each case possesses only a single stomach or a multi-part stomach. Particularly good results are, however, achieved with the supplement according to the invention when it is used as an adjunct to the feed of ruminants having a multi-part stomach and, in particular, as an additive to the fattening cattle, milk buffalo, dairy cows, goats and sheep feed.
- the supplement according to the invention has a cumulative gas formation, determined according to the Hohenheimer feed value test over a measurement period of up to 72 hours of less than 20 ml of gas per 200 mg dry matter.
- this aforementioned cumulative gas formation value refers to those embodiments of the supplement according to the invention, which are added to the feed of ruminants and especially as an additive to cattle, the cumulative gas formation value expressing less than 20 ml of gas per 200 mg of dry matter in particular in that in the rumen of the respective animal the unwanted gas formation described at the outset and the problem associated therewith are considerably reduced.
- the cumulative gas formation value is measured as described by Steingass and Menke in Kraftfutter, volume 63, 1980, p. 534 et seq.
- the supplement according to the invention has a cumulative gas formation, determined according to the Hohenheimer feed value test, over a measurement period of up to 24 hours between 0.1 to 5 ml of gas per 200 mg dry mass
- this development of the supplement according to the invention causes by means of a particularly high energy supply to the animal fed therewith, in particular the cow, sheep or goat fed therewith, especially since only a small proportion of the supplement is digested or anemized in the rumen and into the inactive for the diet ( gaseous fatty acids, carbon dioxide and especially methane) is converted.
- the supplement according to the invention has at least one rumen-stable fat which is solid at room temperature.
- at least one fat is contained in the supplement according to the invention whose melting point is preferably between 40 0 C and 80 0 C and in particular between 50 0 C and 70 0 C.
- the fat contained in the supplement according to the invention is a stomach- or pan-stable fat, for which purpose preferably this fat is selected from the group consisting of at least one fatty acid at least one fatty acid salt, in particular from at least one alkali or alkaline earth fatty acid salt, from at least one fractionated fat, from at least one hardened fat and from mixtures of the previously specifically mentioned fats is formed.
- stomach- or rumen-stable fat soaps include, in particular, the stomach- or rumen-stable hardened fats and the stomach- or rumen-stable fractionated fats, which fats such solid at room temperature triglycerides, diglycerides and / or monoglycerides of fatty acids from vegetable or animal origin, in particular in their hardened (hydrogenated), but also in their uncured form represent.
- a further, particularly preferred embodiment of the supplement according to the invention provides that in this case the fat which forms the base matrix into which the starch particles are in particular completely and uniformly embedded consists of a fatty acid mixture, the stomach or rumen-stable ones
- Fatty acids of the mixture predominantly have a C 4 -C 20 -carbon chain and preferably a linear C 4 -C 2 o-carbon chain.
- these fatty acids are exclusively or predominantly saturated linear fatty acids, wherein preferably at most two double bonds, but in particular only one double bond, is present in the carbon chain, when a part of the fatty acids is unsaturated.
- a particularly effective in terms of energy supply embodiment of the supplement according to the invention comprises such a fatty acid mixture that consists of at least 45 wt.% And in particular at least 70 wt.% Of palmitic acid and at least 5 wt.% Of stearic acid, these Ge is based on the mass (ie the weight) of the fatty acid mixture forming the matrix structure.
- the proposed in the present invention supplements fat preferably a predominantly saturated carbon chain and in particular a linear Ci 4 -C 2 o carbon chain, wherein the proportion of fatty acids having unsaturated carbon chains in the fat is less than 15 % By weight, based on the fatty acid distribution of the fat.
- the matrix structure forming fat provided in the supplement according to the invention a branched carbon chain and preferably such a branched carbon chain having between C 14 and C 2 o carbon atoms, but again to emphasize in that the fat or the fatty acid in the supplement according to the invention has a linear and predominantly saturated carbon chain.
- a particularly suitable embodiment of the supplement according to the invention which is used in particular for cattle fattening, has as fat a fat mixture which has been obtained from the comminuted fruit cores and / or the pulp of the oil palm and which is subsequently fractionated and / or hydrogenated.
- This palm oil has one Melting point of about 53 0 C to about 58 0 C and is characterized in particular by a total fat content of 90% to 99%, wherein the fatty acid composition of this solid palm fat between 1.3 and 1.8 wt.% Myristic, between 70 wt % and 80 wt% palmitic acid, between 3 wt% and 11 wt% stearic acid, between 7 wt% and 13 wt% oleic acid, between 1.5 wt% and 2.5 wt% linoleic acid and between 0.2% by weight and 0.7% by weight of arachidic acid and higher linear fatty acids.
- the unsaponifiable fraction of this palm oil (palm oil) is about 2.5%, while the iodine value varies between 6 g / 100 g and 18 g / 100 g.
- the starch according to the invention may contain as starch any starch which is suitable, on the one hand, to be distributed homogeneously as starch particles in the fat matrix and, on the other hand, in the small intestine of the ruminants fed thereto or in the small intestine of the monogastric animals fed herewith to be degraded, these sugars are then absorbed through the intestinal wall and fed to the bloodstream.
- the supplement according to the invention as starch on cereal starch, preferably wheat, oats, rye, barley, Tritikale-, spelled and / or corn starch.
- a particularly suitable embodiment of the supplement according to the invention which has all the benefits in the increased extent, as described in the introduction for the supplement according to the invention, provides that the corn starch and / or wheat starch is contained in the supplement according to the invention as cereal starch, said starch then ent - germinated maize flour and / or wheat flour is homogeneously distributed in the form of particles in the fat matrix.
- this embodiment of the supplement according to the invention can be particularly particularly successful in nutrition of cattle. It has been shown that the formation of gas in the rumen is significantly reduced and the digestibility in the small intestine is significantly improved, so that both the milk yield in dairy cows, goats or sheep and the weight gain in cattle is significantly increased.
- this de-oiled and / or sterilized flour as such has a fat content of less than 3 wt .% Fat is.
- this quantitative indication of the fat refers to the weight (mass) of the de-oiled flour.
- a particularly stomach-stable and in particular rumen-stable embodiment of the supplement according to the invention is provided by the fact that in this case the homogeneous, powdered composition has such a matrix structure in which the starch is homogeneously distributed in the fat matrix and provided with a continuous outer layer of fat that it is ensured that external starch particles remain unprotected during their passage through the stomach or rumen. This further ensures that the gas formation in the stomach or rumen of the animals is further reduced, so that takes place almost exclusively a degradation of the starch or the fat matrix in the small intestine or small and large intestine of each animal thus fed.
- the supplement according to the invention has a particle size between 500 microns and 2,800 microns.
- the quantitative composition of the fat matrix contained in the supplement according to the invention and the starch particles dispersed therein depends.
- the composition according to the invention varies in such a way that it contains between 50% by weight and 99% by weight of fat and between 50% by weight and 1% by weight of starch, with the composition according to the invention preferably having between 75% by weight and 90% by weight of fat and between 10% by weight and 20% by weight of starch.
- the supplement according to the invention may also contain between 0.5% by weight and 5% by weight of other additives, in particular as other additives in the supplement at least one emulsifier, at least one flow aid, at least one stabilizer and / or at least a veterinary additive is included.
- vitamins may also be present in particular as veterinary additives, vitamin A, vitamin B3,
- Vitamin C Vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, nicotinic acid and / or nicotinic acid amide, pantothenic acid, folic acid and / or L-carnitine are particularly preferred.
- an emulsifier is to be present as a further additive in the supplement according to the invention, which facilitates the dispersion of the starch in the fat matrix, then it is advisable to select a Leeithin emulsifier preferably as emulsifier, the concentration thereof in particular being between 0.1% by weight. and 2% by weight, based on the ready-to-use supplement, varies.
- this embodiment of the supplement according to the invention contains a flow aid, in particular a silicic acid derivative and preferably a precipitated silica, the concentration of these flow aids being in particular between 0.1% by weight and 2% by weight, relative to to the mass (weight) of the ready-to-use, supplement according to the invention varies.
- a further preferred embodiment of the supplement according to the invention provides that the supplement according to the invention has a stabilizer, wherein preferably an alkaline earth salt of the propionic acid and especially a calcium propionate is contained. The concentration of this stabilizer varies in the supplement according to the invention between in particular 0.1% by weight and 3% by weight.
- flow aids and stabilizers may be included in the supplement according to the invention, in which case not only an emulsifier but also an emulsifier, not only a flow agent, but also a flow aid mixture and / or not only a stabilizer but also a stabilizer mixture may be provided.
- the concentration of the supplement according to the invention in which it is used daily depends on the one hand on the desired effect and on the other hand on the particular animal to be fed, whereby the daily concentration of the supplement according to the invention is usually between 0 , 5 g and 3 g per kg live weight of the animal to be fed varies.
- the supplement is usually added once a day to the usual feed, although it may also be the case with multiple feeds that the supplement according to the invention is also added several times without exceeding the preferred daily concentration given above.
- the present invention further relates to a process for the preparation of the above-described supplement according to the invention, with which it is possible to reproducibly produce this supplement.
- the inventive method for producing the supplement according to the invention provides that first the at least one fat is melted at a temperature which is between 2 0 C and 10 0 C above the melting temperature of the respective fat. A subset, preferably half, of this fat melt is then, while maintaining the temperature, which, as already stated above, 2 0 C to 10 0 C above the melting temperature of the particular fat used, with the at least one additional additive and, if necessary
- the starch is admixed, an emulsifier, in particular lecithin, and a stabilizer, in particular calcium propionate, preferably being used here as at least one further additive so as to facilitate the subsequent dispersion of the starch and a homogeneous distribution of the starch particles in the melted fat maximum stabilization too. to reach.
- the subsequent mechanical homogenization of the mixture consisting of the subset of the molten fat, the emulsifier, the stabilizer and the starch is mechanically carried out for 10 minutes to 50 minutes, without causing a lowering of the originally selected temperature.
- the homogenized mixture consisting of the subset of the fat melt, the emulsifier, the stabilizer and the total amount of the starch particles, while maintaining the originally selected temperature, the remaining portion of the fat melt added so that this is followed by a further mechanical homogenization for 10 minutes to 50 minutes while maintaining the selected temperature.
- the thus prepared liquid, homogenized mixture consisting now of the total amount of the fat melt, the starch particles homogeneously distributed therein, the emulsifier and the stabilizer, is in a form between 5 0 C and 15 0 C to form the powdery or granular supplement , preferably a 10 0 C, injected cold air flow, which causes the fat, including the homogeneously distributed therein and also closed on all sides starch particles solidifies.
- the supplement according to the invention can be produced in a particularly reproducible manner, especially since the droplet shape is always kept constant by the nozzle geometry used in the injection and the nozzle pressure is, provided that the countercurrent cold air flow also remains constant with respect to the amount delivered, which is given in the inventive method.
- the supplement produced by the process according to the invention has in particular a spherical or spherical shape, within which, formed from the fat matrix, the starch particles are uniformly and homogeneously distributed.
- the powdery or granular supplement with a flow aid such it is described above in the supplement according to the invention, is mixed.
- a flow aid a silica derivative and in particular freshly precipitated silica is used, the concentration in particular between 0.1 wt.% And 2 wt.%, Based on the ready-to-use supplement, varies. This flow aid is thus placed outside on the surface of the powdery or granular supplement and prevents the formation of larger aggregates, which would interfere with the application and dosing of the supplement according to the invention accordingly.
- the erfindungsgetuäße method provides a mechanical homogenization.
- the mechanical homogenization can be carried out so that here a corresponding agitator is used, as is known in different embodiments for the stirring of a solid particulate product into a melt in the art.
- a corresponding agitator is used, as is known in different embodiments for the stirring of a solid particulate product into a melt in the art.
- the pressure homogenization is a double-stage pressure homogenization and comprises a first homogenization stage at a pressure between 120 bar and 170 bar and a subsequent second homogenization stage at a pressure between 10 bar and 50 bar, so that in each stage of the process according to the invention, which provides for mechanical homogenization, this mechanical homogenization is carried out with the previously described two-stage pressure homogenization, such that in the first homogenization stage, the mixture at a pressure between 120 bar and 170 bar and in a The pre-homogenised mixture is then treated at a pressure of between 10 bar and 50 bar, followed by a second homogenization stage.
- the times used for the first and second homogenization stages are the same, with the total time frame varying between 10 minutes to 50 minutes, respectively.
- a supplement 1 was prepared containing the following ingredients:
- the palm fat used was a fractionated palm oil with a natural content of glycerine. It was not hardened (hydrogenated) and is therefore a pure vegetable fat. It can be characterized by the following characteristics:
- C-16 0 palmitic acid and C-18: 0 stearic acid at least 83
- the cornmeal used was a sterilized maize flour, finely ground with a grain size predominantly smaller than 300 microns.
- the fat content of the sterilized maize flour was about 2.5% by weight; its starch content was about 85% by weight.
- the spray-finished material was at 70 0 C through nozzles in the
- Spray tower injected, in which case a cooled to 10 0 C air flow was conducted in countercurrent.
- the resulting powdery or granular solid product was added to increase the flowability with 0.15 wt.% Of a flow aid based on a precipitated silica.
- the supplement thus prepared the particle size of which can generally vary between 500 ⁇ m and 2,800 ⁇ m, had a particle size between 700 and 900 ⁇ m under the selected experimental conditions.
- a supplement 2 was prepared containing the following ingredients:
- the fractionated palm oil was used, as previously described and quantified in the embodiment 1 in detail.
- the wheat flour used was finely ground and had a grain size predominantly smaller than 280 microns.
- the fat content of the wheat flour was about 1.8% by weight; its starch content was about 87% by weight.
- Emulsionsvorläge temperature at constant temperature of 70 0 C 220 kg of wheat flour (11 wt.%) Are stirred.
- the mixture thus prepared was then further stirred for 10 minutes at 70 0 C, so as to obtain a uniform coating and distribution of the carbohydrates in the fatty phase.
- This mixture was reacted in a double-stage pressure homogenizer. there to further homogenize the wheat flour particles in the fat phase, wherein first a first pressure step at 150 bar for 10 minutes and thereafter a second pressure step of 30 bar for also 10 minutes has been applied.
- the spray-ready material was injected at 70 0 C through nozzles in the spray tower, in which case an air stream cooled to 10 0 C was passed in countercurrent.
- the resulting powdery or granular solid product was added to increase the flowability with 0.15 wt.% Of a flow aid based on a precipitated silica.
- the supplement thus prepared whose particle size is generally between 500 microns and 2,800 microns. could vary, showed under the selected experimental conditions, a particle size between 600-800 .mu.m.
- HFT Hohenheimer Feed Test
- the digestibility was tested with each of the two supplements in two trials, each with 5 high performance dairy cows at the same level of performance and stage of lactation. For this 15 cows were divided into three groups of five animals each.
- the control group (5 cows) received a performance-adapted feed of grass silage and corn silage, which was balanced with mineral feed, protein supplement feed and propylene glycol.
- the two experimental groups (5 cows in each case) additionally received 600 g of the previously described supplement 1 or the previously described supplement 2 per animal and day. After an adaptation period of two weeks, feed intake and excrement were measured over a period of seven days and the nutrient contents were analyzed in the aliquot samples. The results of this digestibility test are shown in the table below. Digestibility quotient in% control (without feeding the
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Abstract
L’invention concerne un complément destiné à être ajouté à des aliments pour animaux, notamment à des aliments pour ruminants et de préférence à des aliments pour bœufs, vaches, vaches à lait, chèvres et brebis, ledit complément étant constitué d’une composition homogène et pulvérulente d’au moins une matière grasse stable dans la panse et résistante à température ambiante et d’au moins un amidon. Cette composition homogène présente une structure matricielle telle que les particules d’amidon sont dispersées de manière régulière dans ladites ou lesdites matières grasses. L’invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication d’un tel complément.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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DE102005051553 | 2005-10-26 | ||
DE102005051553.3 | 2005-10-26 |
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WO2007048369A1 true WO2007048369A1 (fr) | 2007-05-03 |
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PCT/DE2006/001511 WO2007048369A1 (fr) | 2005-10-26 | 2006-08-29 | Complement et son procede de fabrication |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013113980A1 (fr) | 2012-01-31 | 2013-08-08 | Raisio Plc | Aliment pour animaux et son procédé de préparation |
WO2019057229A1 (fr) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-03-28 | Josera Gmbh & Co. Kg | Procédé de fabrication d'un produit alimentaire et/ou d'un additif alimentaire pour aliments destinés aux ruminants, ainsi qu'une utilisation et un produit alimentaire correspondants |
EP3539391A1 (fr) | 2014-10-10 | 2019-09-18 | Nutreco Nederland B.V. | Compositions pour augmenter la production de la graisse du lait chez les ruminants en lactation et procédés les utilisant |
CN111374227A (zh) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-07 | 内蒙古蒙牛乳业(集团)股份有限公司 | 一种饲料添加剂及其制备方法 |
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WO2013113980A1 (fr) | 2012-01-31 | 2013-08-08 | Raisio Plc | Aliment pour animaux et son procédé de préparation |
WO2013113982A1 (fr) | 2012-01-31 | 2013-08-08 | Raisio Plc | Aliments pour ruminants améliorant le métabolisme énergétique en production de lait |
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WO2019057229A1 (fr) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-03-28 | Josera Gmbh & Co. Kg | Procédé de fabrication d'un produit alimentaire et/ou d'un additif alimentaire pour aliments destinés aux ruminants, ainsi qu'une utilisation et un produit alimentaire correspondants |
CN111374227A (zh) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-07 | 内蒙古蒙牛乳业(集团)股份有限公司 | 一种饲料添加剂及其制备方法 |
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