+

WO2025051667A1 - Utilisation d'un additif d'aliment pour animaux destiné à l'alimentation de truies gestantes - Google Patents

Utilisation d'un additif d'aliment pour animaux destiné à l'alimentation de truies gestantes Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2025051667A1
WO2025051667A1 PCT/EP2024/074429 EP2024074429W WO2025051667A1 WO 2025051667 A1 WO2025051667 A1 WO 2025051667A1 EP 2024074429 W EP2024074429 W EP 2024074429W WO 2025051667 A1 WO2025051667 A1 WO 2025051667A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
feed
piglets
sows
day
guanidinoacetic acid
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2024/074429
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Loibl
Insa-Cathrin Bensmann
José Antonio RIVERA ULLOA
Original Assignee
Alzchem Trostberg Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alzchem Trostberg Gmbh filed Critical Alzchem Trostberg Gmbh
Publication of WO2025051667A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025051667A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of a feed additive comprising guanidinoacetic acid for feeding pregnant breeding sows to improve the growth of the piglets after weaning.
  • the optimization of feed is an ongoing process that must be taken into account with many aspects in mind. Firstly, all the nutrients an animal needs must be available in sufficient quantities in the feed. In addition to nutrient requirements, animal health is another factor that determines the optimal feed composition. Furthermore, the requirements of the feed also differ according to the different development phases of the animals. For example, an increased protein requirement is usually required when rearing young animals. In addition, numerous other factors must be taken into account, such as environmental aspects, regulations on fertilization, and emissions during feed production. To meet these requirements, efforts are generally made to reduce the protein content in the feed in order to lower the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the animals' excrement, e.g., in liquid manure. Even when taking all of these requirements for modern feed into account, the performance of the animals during rearing and fattening must not suffer.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a feed additive which improves the performance of piglets during rearing and in particular their weight gain after lactation or after weaning.
  • guanidinoacetic acid GAA
  • a feed additive containing guanidinoacetic acid GAA
  • piglets themselves do not receive the feed additive containing guanidinoacetic acid
  • piglets whose sows received guanidinoacetic acid gain more weight. Surprisingly, the weight differences are most evident in the later rearing phase, after weaning.
  • a first object of the present invention is the use of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) or a feed additive comprising guanidinoacetic acid for feeding sows during pregnancy and optionally during lactation to improve the weight gain of piglets during their rearing phase.
  • GAA guanidinoacetic acid
  • a feed additive comprising guanidinoacetic acid for feeding sows during pregnancy and optionally during lactation to improve the weight gain of piglets during their rearing phase.
  • an improvement in the performance of piglets is understood in particular to mean an improvement in the weight gain of piglets.
  • An improvement in weight gain is in particular an increase in weight gain, preferably more than 2% higher, preferably more than 4% higher, even more preferably more than 6% higher, and most preferably more than 8% higher than the weight gain of piglets reared under the same conditions, but whose sows were not administered guanidinoacetic acid during pregnancy.
  • the weight gain of the piglets is preferably determined on day 40 and/or on day 50 and/or on day 67 and/or on day 77 after the birth of the piglets.
  • the starting point for determining the weight gain is preferably the day of birth of the piglets, day 14 after birth, and more preferably the day of weaning or day 24 after birth.
  • the invention relates to the use of the feed additive comprising GAA in pregnant sows to improve the weight gain of their piglets in a period beginning from day 14 to 42 after the birth of the piglets, and/or in particular beginning with weaning of the piglets, up to day 40 to 120 after the birth of the piglets, wherein the piglets show improved weight gain, especially in a period after weaning up to day 90 after birth, compared to piglets whose sows are kept without the addition of guanidinoacetic acid but otherwise under the same conditions and piglet rearing after weaning also takes place under the same conditions.
  • the term "piglet rearing" also includes the rearing phase of piglets (fattening and breeding piglets).
  • Feeding trials have surprisingly shown that the improved weight gain of piglets whose sows received guanidinoacetic acid during pregnancy is 4% or more, based on birth weight or alternatively based on weaning weight, with the weight gain depending on Feeding trial on day 67 (feeding trial 1) or day 77 (feeding trial 2) after the birth of the piglets.
  • the rearing phase begins with the birth of the piglets and preferably lasts until day 120 after the birth of the piglets, more preferably until day 90, in particular until day 77, even more preferably until day 67 after the birth of the piglets.
  • the period of the rearing phase in which an improvement in the weight gain of piglets is observed according to the invention is from weaning of the piglets until day 90, in particular until day 40 after the birth of the piglets.
  • guanidinoacetic acid or a feed additive comprising guanidinoacetic acid is administered to pregnant sows.
  • Administration can take place over the entire period from insemination of the sows until farrowing or in partial periods thereof, preferably for at least 10 days from insemination of the sows until farrowing, more preferably for at least 20 days from insemination of the sows until farrowing.
  • a guanidinoacetic acid amount of 0.02 wt.% to 1 wt.%, preferably 0.05 wt.% to 0.5 wt.% can be added to the feed to achieve improved weight gain in the piglets.
  • relatively Low amounts preferably in the range of 0.05% to 0.25% by weight based on the total weight of the feed, are sufficient to achieve a significant improvement in the weight gain of the piglets.
  • Long-term administration is understood to mean the administration of guanidinoacetic acid for more than 50 days.
  • the feeding of guanidinoacetic acid is preferably carried out until farrowing, but can also be stopped earlier.
  • the administration of guanidinoacetic acid is preferably carried out at least until day 100 of pregnancy, particularly preferably at least until day 110 of pregnancy and in particular until farrowing, with day 1 of pregnancy being the day on which the sows are inseminated. Farrowing usually takes place from day 100 to day 130 of pregnancy.
  • the final phase of pregnancy is understood to be the phase from day 50 of pregnancy, in particular from day 70 of pregnancy, until farrowing. Farrowing usually occurs from day 100 to day 130 of pregnancy.
  • Day 1 of pregnancy is understood to be the day on which the sows are inseminated.
  • the administration period of guanidinoacetic acid should preferably not be less than 20 days, and administration is preferably over a period of 30 to 60 days.
  • guanidinoacetic acid is preferably continued until farrowing, but can alternatively be stopped up to 10 days or, better, only up to 5 days before farrowing, which is usually achieved by administering guanidinoacetic acid until at least day 105 or day 110 of gestation.
  • guanidinoacetic acid it may be beneficial to feed the sows an appropriate amount of guanidinoacetic acid during lactation.
  • guanidinoacetic acid it is also advisable to administer guanidinoacetic acid in an amount of 0.02% to 1%, preferably 0.05% to 0.5%, based on the total weight of the feed (with 88% dry matter).
  • the present invention relates to the use of guanidinoacetic acid or a feed additive comprising guanidinoacetic acid in the feeding of pregnant sows to increase the weight gain of piglets after weaning during the rearing phase up to day 90, in particular up to day 77 and preferably up to day 67 after birth, wherein guanidinoacetic acid is administered to the pregnant sows and wherein furthermore the piglets do not receive any GAA during this time, i.e. up to day 90 or up to day 77 or up to day 67 after birth.
  • an improvement in weight gain and in particular an increase in the weight gain of the piglets by more than 2% higher, preferably by more than 4% higher, and even more preferably by more than 6% higher than the weight gain of piglets reared under the same conditions, but whose sows were not administered guanidinoacetic acid during pregnancy, is preferably achieved, whereby no guanidinoacetic acid is administered to the piglets themselves.
  • the weight gain of the piglets is preferably determined on day 40 and/or on day 50 and/or on day 67 and/or on day 77 after the birth of the piglets. Although no GAA is administered to the piglets themselves, but only to the pregnant sows, an increase in the live weight of the piglets could be observed according to the invention.
  • Guanidinoacetic acid can be used as such or as a component of a feed additive or premixture mixed with other additives.
  • Guanidinoacetic acid (syn. glycocyamine, N-guanylglycine, N-amidinoglycine; C3H7N3O2; GAA; CAS No. 352-97-6) is commercially available and can be used as the free acid or in the form of a salt of this acid.
  • Preferred salts are selected from the group of alkali or alkaline earth metal salts.
  • Particularly preferred guanidinoacetic acid salts are sodium guanidinoacetate, potassium guanidinoacetate, magnesium guanidinoacetate, or calcium guanidinoacetate.
  • Guanidinoacetic acid can be used as a powder or aqueous solution. However, it is preferably used in the form of granules containing a binding agent. Particularly suitable binding agents are nutritionally active substances that have a binding effect and enable good granulation of the composition, such as glycine, starch, or sugar.
  • binding agents include, for example, Methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, carboxyethylcellulose, carboxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, ethylmethylcellulose and other cellulose derivatives, hydroxypropyl starch, pregelatinized or modified starch, sugar syrup, dextrin, gelatin, propylvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, xanthan gum, gum arabic, sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, and glycerin, as well as mixtures thereof.
  • a flow aid in particular a hydrophilic and/or hydrophobic silica and/or silica-based additives and/or fatty acids and/or their salts, such as stearic acid or palmitic acid, and their sodium, potassium, and calcium salts.
  • the binder is preferably present in the granulated guanidinoacetic acid composition in amounts of 0.05 to 15 wt.%, in particular 0.1 to 1.5 wt.%.
  • the grain size of suitable granules is preferably between 100 and 850 ⁇ m, with preferably less than 10 wt.% of the particles being below 100 ⁇ m and less than 10 wt.% of the particles being above 850 ⁇ m.
  • the moldings preferably have a guanidinoacetic acid or guanidinoacetic acid salt content of 85 to 99.95 wt.%, in particular 95 to 98.5 wt.%.
  • Flow agents and other additives can be present in the granules at up to 5 wt.%.
  • Suitable feed additives for pregnant sows may include guanidinoacetic acid as well as other feed additives such as amino acids.
  • Amino acids that are suitable as feed supplements are particularly selected from the group lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan and/or valine. These amino acids are preferably added as free amino acids as feed supplements. Lysine, in particular, is generally not present in sufficient quantities in the crude protein portion of the feed, so additional administration of the amino acid is advisable.
  • the total amount of lysine in the feed for pregnant sows should preferably be in the range of 4g to 8g per 1 kg of feed.
  • the total amount of lysine in the feed refers to the total amount of lysine building blocks in the crude protein present in the feed and added/contained free amino acid lysine.
  • the content of other amino acids in the feed for pregnant sows should be in the following ratios to lysine: lysine to methionine + cysteine in the range of 0.5 to 0.7, lysine to threonine in the range of 0.55 to 0.75, lysine to tryptophan in the range of 0.15 to 0.25 and lysine to valine in the range of 0.6 to 0.8.
  • the total amount of lysine in the feed should be significantly higher for lactating sows, preferably in the range of 8g to 12g per 1 kg of feed.
  • the content of other amino acids in the feed for lactating sows should be correspondingly higher so that the ratios to lysine are the same as for pregnant sows.
  • the stated contents refer to the total content of the respective amino acid in the feed, i.e. in particular the content of amino acid building blocks in the crude protein and any additional free amino acid present.
  • the feed additive containing guanidinoacetic acid may also contain other nutritionally active additives, for example from the group of vitamins, minerals, trace elements, methyl group donors and derivatives of these substances, as well as carbohydrates and fats and mixtures of all these substances.
  • Helpful ingredients are particularly selected from the group of vitamins. Preferred in this context are, for example, vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, nicotinic acid, nicotinamide and choline.
  • Other preferred ingredients are B vitamins, including thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, biotin, folic acid, cobalamin and vitamin B12.
  • Important minerals and trace elements that can be included as supplements in the feed additive include iron, copper, zinc, manganese, iodine and selenium.
  • L-carnitine is also frequently administered to breeding sows as an additive.
  • the optional additives mentioned can be added to the feed additive or directly to the feed.
  • a feed is used that is adjusted to the crude protein and energy content parameters of pregnant sows.
  • the feed can consist of a basic feed and other feed additives. It is further preferred if the feed comprises, as a basic feed, at least one plant component, in particular a grain, a grain flour, a grain meal, a grain extraction meal, or a grain semolina, and b) a fat or oil of plant or animal origin.
  • Feeds based on wheat, barley, triticale, rye, oats, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, and grain maize are preferred for pregnant and lactating sows.
  • other types of feed such as maize silage, field beans, peas, dried pulp, rapeseed cake, soybeans, Sunflower meal, sugar beet pulp, etc. can be used.
  • Fiber sources such as fruit pomace, soybean hulls, bran (e.g., wheat bran), and oils or oilseeds from soybeans, rapeseed, and sunflowers can be incorporated into the feed mixture to achieve the desired composition.
  • the feed may also contain other additives such as vitamins, minerals, trace elements, amino acids, methyl donors, etc.
  • Feeds based on wheat, barley, triticale, maize, soybean and rapeseed meal are particularly advantageous.
  • Feeds for pregnant or lactating sows which contain a balanced mix of nutrients to meet the sows' specific needs during pregnancy or lactation, generally contain the following components: a) Cereals such as barley, maize, wheat, triticale, rye, millet and/or oats, which serve as a carbohydrate-rich energy source.
  • the grains can also be used in the form of flour, semolina, grits or meal. Preferred are barley flour, maize flour, wheat flour, barley meal, maize meal, wheat meal, wheat semolina or mixtures thereof.
  • Fats and oils Fats and oils are a concentrated source of energy and help to improve energy supply.
  • Vegetable oils such as soybean oil, sunflower oil or rapeseed oil are often used, but fats of animal origin are also used.
  • Protein sources Proteins are essential for maintaining body structures and tissues and for the development of the fetus. Typical protein sources in piglet feed are soy, soy meal, soybean meal, soybean extraction meal, rapeseed, rapeseed meal, rapeseed extraction meal, sunflower, sunflower meal, sunflower meal, sunflower extraction meal or mixtures thereof.
  • Crude fiber sources Fiber- and fiber-rich vegetable ingredients, such as alfalfa, beet pulp, straw, hay, soybean hulls, fruit pomace or bran, especially wheat bran, wheat semolina bran, barley bran and maize bran.
  • Vitamins, minerals and trace elements Pregnant and lactating sows have increased requirements for the provision of vitamins and minerals to ensure a healthy diet. The most important supplements are vitamins from of groups A, B, D, E and folic acid and minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, iron and zinc.
  • Amino acids Pregnant and lactating sows have an increased need for certain amino acids such as lysine and possibly methionine, threonine, tryptophan and valine. An adequate supply of amino acids, in particular essential amino acids, is not only important for the sows themselves, but also for the development of the fetuses and piglets.
  • Other additives If required, further additives such as enzymes, creatine, carnitine or methyl group donors such as betaine and choline, as well as sugars and acids can be added to the sow feed.
  • the energy content of feeds can be selected broadly.
  • the feed should preferably have a metabolizable energy (ME) in the range of 10 MJ/kg to 16 MJ/kg.
  • ME metabolizable energy
  • the crude protein content of suitable feeds is typically in the range of 8 to 22 wt.%.
  • the crude protein content in the feed is preferably in the range of 14 to 20 wt.%, especially 15.5 to 18.5 wt.%, with the wt.% values based on the total weight of the feed (with 88 wt.% dry matter).
  • the energy content of the feed is adjusted.
  • a proportion of 35 to 90 wt.%, preferably between 45 and 80 wt.% of component a) and 0 to 8 wt.%, preferably between 0.5 and 6 wt.% of component b) in the feed is usual.
  • 2 to 40 wt.%, preferably 10 to 35 wt.% of components c) and e) are usually included in the feed.
  • Component d) is generally present in a proportion of up to 35 wt.%, preferably between 3 and 30 wt.% in the feed.
  • the fibre-rich feed components d) are preferably present in the range of 3 to 30 wt.% in feed for pregnant sows, and the content in feed for lactating sows is preferably below 10 wt.% or even below 5 wt. For lactating sows, fibre-rich feed components are often omitted altogether.
  • guanidinoacetic acid is independent of the energy content of the feed and the amount of energy provided, as long as no deficiency symptoms occur. Therefore, compliance with the respective feed recommendations for pregnant and lactating sows is beneficial.
  • Advantageous results generally arise from regional supply recommendations for pig farming, e.g., by adhering to the recommendations issued by the Bavarian State Office for Agriculture (LfL) in "Feed Calculation for Pigs," 27th edition, August 2022 (especially pages 18-25, 39-43, and 59-68).
  • This publication provides, among other things, supply recommendations and guideline values for gilt rearing, piglet feeding, fattening pig feeding depending on the age of the animals, and for the feeding of pregnant and lactating sows.
  • Typical analytical values for various types of grain and grain by-products, typical protein feeds, potato and by-products, and beet and beet by-products, as well as for green fodder, silage, hay and straw, brewery and dairy products, and other food processing by-products, oils and oilseeds, as well as additives such as amino acids and minerals, are also listed. It is advantageous to combine the feedstuffs available at each location in such a way that the composition of the final feed corresponds to the previously mentioned recommendations for pregnant and lactating sows.
  • the metabolizable energy (ME) content of the feed can also be calculated using the following formula (Society for Nutritional Physiology (GfE), 2008: Prediction of metabolizable energy of compound feeds for pigs. Proceedings of the Society of Nutrition Physiology 17, 199-204):
  • ME (MJ/kg) 0.021503 (MJ/g) x XP (g/kg) + 0.032497 (MJ/g) x XL (g/kg) - 0.021071 (MJ/g) x crude fiber (g/kg) + 0.016309 (MJ/g) x starch (g/kg) + 0.014701 (MJ/g) x “digestible residue” (g/kg) (Formula I)
  • the formula therefore includes the analyzed contents of crude protein (XP), crude fat (XL), crude fiber, starch and the “digestible residue” (difference between the organic mass and the sum of XP, XL, crude fiber and starch, each in g/kg).
  • Crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and starch content can also be determined using common VDLUFA methods (VDLUFA Methods Book III: 3rd Supplement 1993, Section 4.1.1 (crude protein determination); 2nd Supplement 1988, Section 5.1.1 (crude fat determination); 8th Supplement 2012, Section 7.2.1 (starch determination); 3rd Supplement 1993, Section 6.1.1 (crude fiber determination)).
  • Guanidinoacetic acid or the feed additive containing guanidinoacetic acid can be administered to the animals depending on the feeding system.
  • guanidinoacetic acid can be administered with the feed or with water.
  • guanidinoacetic acid can be mixed with the finished feed.
  • the guanidinoacetic acid is first added to the base feed, i.e., the bulk of the feed, and then the other feed ingredients are added. This has the advantage that no additional mixing time is required.
  • the guanidinoacetic acid can of course also be contained in a premix with other additives.
  • When administered with water it is advantageous to administer it as a salt, for example, as a Na or Ca salt.
  • administration with the feed is preferable, as it ensures a more consistent uptake of guanidinoacetic acid in animals.
  • the preferred dosage is based on the feed.
  • the dosage can be added to either the water or the feed. Only if the animal facility also administers other ingredients with the drinking water is it appropriate to add guanidinoacetic acid to the water. Otherwise, it has proven easier to administer guanidinoacetic acid in combination with the feed.
  • guanidinoacetic acid When feeding liquid food, guanidinoacetic acid can be dosed into the liquid feed and is distributed homogeneously by simply stirring.
  • Guanidinoacetic acid can be added to feed in a variety of solid preparations or as a solution. It is particularly advantageous to add guanidinoacetic acid to feed in the form of granules, extrudates, or as a solution.
  • the guanidinoacetic acid can also be applied to a carrier material.
  • typical piglet feeds generally contain the following components: a) Grains, such as barley, maize, wheat, rye, millet, and/or oats, which serve as a carbohydrate-rich energy source.
  • the grain can also be in the form of flour, Semolina, meal or extraction meal can be used.
  • Preferred are barley flour, maize flour, wheat flour, barley meal, maize meal, wheat meal, wheat semolina or mixtures thereof.
  • Fats and oils Fats and oils are a concentrated source of energy and help to improve energy supply.
  • Vegetable oils such as soybean oil, sunflower oil or rapeseed oil are often used, but fats of animal origin are also used.
  • Protein sources Proteins are essential for building muscle mass and other tissues. Typical protein sources in piglet feed are soy, soy meal, soybean meal, soybean extraction meal, rapeseed, rapeseed meal, rapeseed meal, rapeseed extraction meal, sunflower, sunflower meal, sunflower meal, sunflower extraction meal or mixtures thereof.
  • low-energy components selected from the group of bran, in particular wheat bran, wheat semolina bran, barley bran and maize bran.
  • Fish meal or products of animal origin such as milk or whey powder with a high protein content, such as blood plasma.
  • Vitamins, minerals and trace elements Piglets have specific requirements for vitamins and minerals to ensure healthy development. The most important supplements are vitamins from groups A, B, D and E and minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, iron, copper, zinc, manganese, selenium and iodine.
  • Amino acids Piglets have an increased need for certain amino acids such as lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan and valine for healthy growth. These can be provided in the form of feed additives or special protein sources.
  • Other additives Depending on requirements, other additives such as enzymes, creatine, carnitine or methyl group donors such as betaine and choline as well as acids and sugars can be added to the piglet feed.
  • the digested feed components a), b), and c) are generally heat- or acid-treated components.
  • the proportion of digested components is generally less than 50% by weight, preferably in the range of 0 to 40% by weight, based on the respective feed component a), b), and c).
  • the proportion is particularly preferably between 5 and 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the feed.
  • the feed components a) to e) are selected so that the feed meets the energy and crude protein requirements for piglets.
  • the energy content of the feed is adjusted in particular by suitable selection of feed components a) and b).
  • a proportion of 45 to 75 wt.%, preferably between 50 and 70 wt.% of component a) and 2 to 10 wt.%, preferably between 3 and 8 wt.% of component b) in the feed is usual.
  • 15 to 30 wt.% of component c) and 0 to 25 wt.% of component e) are usually included in the feed.
  • Component d) is generally contained in piglet feed in a proportion of up to 15 wt.%, preferably between 2 and 10 wt.%.
  • the feed component e) is generally added in an amount of less than 25 wt.%, in particular between 2 and 15 wt.%, based on the total amount of the feed.
  • the content of component e) in the feed can be relatively high; component e) is preferably in the range from 3 to 15 wt.%, particularly preferably from 4 to 10 wt.%, based on the total weight of the feed.
  • Feeds used later (from day 31 after birth or approximately 14 days after weaning, in particular up to day 105 after birth or approximately 90 after weaning) often contain a smaller amount of component e), preferably up to 5 wt.%, in particular from 0 to 3 wt.%, based on the total weight of the feed.
  • component e can be omitted from the feed, preferably from day 42 or later.
  • Feeds for piglets have proven advantageous if the components are selected so that they have a) a crude protein content in an amount of 14 to 22% by weight, in particular 16 to 20% by weight, and b) have a metabolisable energy content ME in the range of 12.5 to 15 MJ ME/kg feed, preferably 13 to 14 MJ ME/kg feed.
  • Piglet feed is usually tailored to the needs of the piglets, depending on their age and weight. Typically, at least two piglet rearing feeds (FAF) are used, with the first feed (FAF I or Starter I) usually used in the first three weeks after weaning, and the second piglet feed (FAF II or Starter II) in the following three weeks. After that, a starter feed is preferred. In addition, special pre-starter feeds and weaning feeds can be used in the early stages of piglet rearing.
  • FAF piglet rearing feeds
  • Suitable piglet feeds are derived from the respective regional supply recommendations for piglet husbandry. These can be, for example, the recommendations issued by the Bavarian State Office for Agriculture (LfL) in "Feed Calculation for Pigs," 27th edition, August 2022 (especially pages 26-28, 39-43, and 59-68). The determination of metabolizable energy for piglet feed can also be carried out using Formula I, if necessary.
  • Piglet feed used for rearing piglets may also contain guanidinoacetic acid as an additive, but may also be free of it. If guanidinoacetic acid is added to piglet feed, it should preferably be used in an amount ranging from 0.02 to 1% by weight based on the total weight of the piglet feed. As usual, the weight data for piglet feed should be standardized to a piglet feed containing 88% by weight.
  • a piglet feed without added guanidinoacetic acid is used for rearing the piglets during the rearing phase.
  • an improvement, and in particular an increase, in the weight gain of piglets can be achieved by administering guanidinoacetic acid to pregnant sows, without the piglets themselves having to be administered guanidinoacetic acid.
  • the basic feed for piglets or pregnant sows made up of components a) to e) may contain further feed additives.
  • the feed may also contain further feed additives from the
  • the additives may include minerals, amino acids, enzymes, vitamins, trace elements, or mixtures thereof.
  • creatine, carnitine, or methyl group donors such as betaine and choline, as well as sugars and acids such as formic acid and benzoic acid, may be added to the feed.
  • the proportion of additives in the piglet feed is selected to ensure an adequate supply to the piglets or pregnant sows.
  • lysine is added to adjust the total lysine content in the piglet feed so that it is preferably in the range of 1.0 to 2.0 wt.%.
  • the lysine content in the feed for pregnant sows is preferably in the range of 0.4 to 1.2 wt.%, and that for lactating sows is preferably in the range of 0.6 to 1.5 wt.%.
  • the content of other amino acids is determined in proportion to the lysine content.
  • the lysine:methionine+cysteine ratio in piglet feed is preferably between 1:0.45 and 1:0.70, the lysine:threonine ratio between 1:0.55 and 1:0.75, the lysine:tryptophan ratio between 1:0.15 and 1:0.25, and the lysine:valine ratio between 1:0.55 and 1:0.80.
  • the stated contents refer to the total content of the respective amino acid in the feed, i.e., in particular, the content of amino acid building blocks in the crude protein and any additional free amino acid present.
  • ingredients especially the additives from groups f), g) and h), are added to the feed in the form of a mixture (premix) to ensure that the animals are adequately supplied with essential nutrients.
  • the present invention further relates to a method for improving the weight gain of piglets during the rearing phase, wherein guanidinoacetic acid is administered to the pregnant sows during feeding.
  • GAA guanidinoacetic acid
  • Gilts are sows that are pregnant for the first time.
  • the dosages were 0.00 wt% (control group), 0.12 wt% GAA, 0.24 wt% GAA, and 0.36 wt% GAA based on the total weight of the provided feed.
  • GAA feeding began with the transition to a high-pregnancy feed on gestation day 80, i.e., 35 days before farrowing. GAA was then fed to the sows until weaning. Guanidinoacetic acid was added exclusively to the feed of pregnant sows; the piglets were fed a standard feed that did not contain GAA.
  • the study parameters included the standard performance parameters of sow and piglets, in particular the number of piglets (live and total born) per sow and litter, the sow's weight loss at farrowing and the piglet weight at birth, at weaning and after a rearing period of 42 days.
  • the feed used to feed the sows is shown in Table 1.
  • the feeding trial began with the transition to the high-pregnancy feed on day 80 of gestation. Up until this point, all sows received a feed for low-pregnancy sows, which was identical for all sows (Table 1). From the time they were moved to the farrowing house on day 110 of gestation, the sows received a lactation feed (Table 1).
  • guanidinoacetic acid was additionally mixed into the "high-pregnancy" and "lactation” feed rations in the appropriate amounts shown in Table 1.
  • % values are weight percentages based on the total weight of the feed
  • the sows were given the appropriate feeds based on predefined feeding curves. Up to day 80 of gestation, the feed for low-pregnant sows and subsequently the feed for high-pregnant sows were fed at an average of 2.8 kg per sow per day. From day 90 onward, this amount was increased to 3.8 kg. The average amount was increased or decreased according to the sows' body condition. From farrowing onward, the sows were fed ad libitum, i.e., according to the sow's daily consumption capacity, within the limits of feeding possibilities.
  • Soybean oil (%) 1 .00 2.00 1 .50 2.50
  • Soybean meal (%) 12.20 22.70 25.00 28.00
  • Feed acidity (%) 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00
  • Antioxidant (%) 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
  • Vitamin premix (%) 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04
  • % values are weight percentages based on the total weight of the feed 1 precaecal digestible Table 3 provides an overview of the observed parameters of the feeding trial.
  • the piglets in the 0.12 wt% group were the lightest (1.21 kg) and those in the control group the heaviest (1.36 kg).
  • the piglets from the sows receiving 0.24 wt% and 0.36 wt% GAA reached the highest weaning weights of 6.06 kg and 6.22 kg, respectively.
  • the piglets in the control group weighed 5.81 kg, and the piglets in the 0.12 wt% group were the lightest at 5.59 kg.
  • Piglet weight after litter balancing (kg) 1 ,36 1 ,21 1 ,22 1 ,30
  • a group of mixed-parity sows was fed a diet supplemented with 0.1% GAA by weight based on the total weight of the diet from entry into the AI house (approximately 5 days before insemination) until weaning and compared with a group without GAA supplementation.
  • the feed composition was switched from a diet for pregnant sows to a diet for lactating sows during the feeding study after farrowing (Table 4). Two consecutive sow groups were also observed in the production cycle. A total of 57 sows were examined: 27 sows in the control group without GAA supplementation and 30 sows in the group with 0.1% GAA supplementation.
  • the study parameters again included the standard performance parameters of sows and piglets.
  • the piglets were observed for a further 42 days from weaning. Since the piglets were individually marked at birth, they were simply integrated into the normal piglet rearing on the farm from weaning onwards and individually weighed again after the end of the rearing period. All piglets received the same commercially available piglet feed during rearing, which did not contain GAA.
  • Treatment 1 GAA % 0.00 0.00
  • % values are percentages by weight based on the total weight of the feed

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne l'utilisation d'acide guanidinoacétique (GAA) et/ou d'un additif d'aliment pour animaux comprenant de l'acide guanidinoacétique dans le cadre de l'alimentation de truies gestantes afin d'améliorer la prise de poids de porcelets pendant la phase d'élevage, l'invention se caractérisant en ce qu'il n'est pas nécessaire d'administrer de GAA aux porcelets eux-mêmes.
PCT/EP2024/074429 2023-09-06 2024-09-02 Utilisation d'un additif d'aliment pour animaux destiné à l'alimentation de truies gestantes WO2025051667A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102023123941.4A DE102023123941A1 (de) 2023-09-06 2023-09-06 Verwendung eines Futtermitteladditivs zur Fütterung trächtiger Sauen
DE102023123941.4 2023-09-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2025051667A1 true WO2025051667A1 (fr) 2025-03-13

Family

ID=92672014

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2024/074429 WO2025051667A1 (fr) 2023-09-06 2024-09-02 Utilisation d'un additif d'aliment pour animaux destiné à l'alimentation de truies gestantes

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102023123941A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2025051667A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005120246A1 (fr) 2004-06-09 2005-12-22 Degussa Ag Acide guanidinoacetique servant de complement pour aliments destines aux animaux
CN111066972A (zh) * 2020-01-13 2020-04-28 沈阳泰高牧业饲料有限公司 一种提高育肥猪生长性能的饲料及饲养方法
CN112890006A (zh) * 2021-05-07 2021-06-04 北京大北农动物保健科技有限责任公司 一种造血营养饲料添加剂及其制备方法和其用途
WO2021175677A1 (fr) 2020-03-04 2021-09-10 Alzchem Trostberg Gmbh Procédé de réduction de troubles du comportement chez les porcs
CA3234853A1 (fr) * 2021-10-13 2023-04-20 Alzchem Trostberg Gmbh Utilisation d'un additif alimentaire dans des aliments peu energetiques pour cochons

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005120246A1 (fr) 2004-06-09 2005-12-22 Degussa Ag Acide guanidinoacetique servant de complement pour aliments destines aux animaux
CN111066972A (zh) * 2020-01-13 2020-04-28 沈阳泰高牧业饲料有限公司 一种提高育肥猪生长性能的饲料及饲养方法
WO2021175677A1 (fr) 2020-03-04 2021-09-10 Alzchem Trostberg Gmbh Procédé de réduction de troubles du comportement chez les porcs
CN112890006A (zh) * 2021-05-07 2021-06-04 北京大北农动物保健科技有限责任公司 一种造血营养饲料添加剂及其制备方法和其用途
CA3234853A1 (fr) * 2021-10-13 2023-04-20 Alzchem Trostberg Gmbh Utilisation d'un additif alimentaire dans des aliments peu energetiques pour cochons

Non-Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"Empfehlungen in Futterberechnung für Schweine", August 2022, pages: 26 - 28,39-43,59-68
"INFLUENCE OF THE PARTURITION AND DIFFERENT SOW AND PIGLET TRAITS ON UTERINE INVOLUTION IN A FREE FARROWING SYSTEM", MOLECULAR REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT, WILEY-LISS, INC, NEW YORK, NY, US, vol. 90, no. 7, 31 August 2023 (2023-08-31), pages 708 - 745, XP072490044, ISSN: 1040-452X, DOI: 10.1002/MRD.23697 *
"Prediction of metabolisable energy of compound feeds for pigs. Proceedings of the Society of Nutrition Physiology", GESELLSCHAFT FÜR ERNÄHRUNGSPHYSIOLOGIE (GFE, vol. 17, 2008, pages 199 - 204
MENDON?A I B ET AL: "Dietary supplementation of guanidinoacetic acid for sows and their progenies: Performance, blood parameters and economic viability at nursery phase", LIVESTOCK SCIENCE, ELSEVIER, AMSTERDAM, NL, vol. 227, 8 July 2019 (2019-07-08), pages 105 - 110, XP085803196, ISSN: 1871-1413, [retrieved on 20190708], DOI: 10.1016/J.LIVSCI.2019.07.011 *
MENDONCA, I.B. ET AL., LIVESTOCK SCIENCE, vol. 227, 2019, pages 105 - 110
PANISSON J C ET AL: "Guanidinoacetic acid: how can sows benefit from this novel feed additive", ENERGY AND PROTEIN METABOLISM AND NUTRITION : 6TH EAAP INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ENERGY AND PROTEIN METABOLISM, BELO HORIZONTE, MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL, 9-12 SEPTEMBER 2019, WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS, 9 September 2019 (2019-09-09), pages 183 - 184, XP009556228, ISBN: 978-90-8686-340-2, [retrieved on 20190910], DOI: 10.3920/978-90-8686-891-9_31 *
PANISSON J.C. ET AL., EAAP SCIENTIFIC SERIES, vol. 138, 2019, pages 183
SCHNEIDER L. ET AL., ANIMAL - SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS, vol. 13, 2022, pages 165

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102023123941A1 (de) 2025-03-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1176875B1 (fr) Utilisation de creatine comme element nutritif accessoire d'aliments pour animaux
DE69019524T2 (de) Karnitindiät für ausgewachsene schweine.
DE2166085C3 (de) Verwendung von Isoflavonen als Futterzusatz
DE69715456T2 (de) Verwendung von carnitin-angereicherte futter für trächtige säue
DE2848184C2 (de) Ergänzungsfuttermittel für Rinder mit einem die Aufnahme des Ergänzungsfuttermittels begrenzenden Zusatz
EP3011838A1 (fr) Alimentat pour animaux comprenant de la farine de colza
WO2023061916A1 (fr) Utilisation d'acide guanidinoacétique dans une alimentation faiblement énergétique pour porcs pendant l'étape d'engraissement
WO2021175677A1 (fr) Procédé de réduction de troubles du comportement chez les porcs
EP2939545B1 (fr) Amélioration de l'absorption de fourrage par les vaches latières au moyen d'arôme de fourrage vert
DE69431637T2 (de) Verfahren zur Supplementierung von Aminosäuren an Wiederkäuern
EP0316683A2 (fr) Nourriture pour porcelets, porcs gras et volailles
WO2025051667A1 (fr) Utilisation d'un additif d'aliment pour animaux destiné à l'alimentation de truies gestantes
KR20220131214A (ko) 사료 첨가제 조성물 및 이를 포함하는 사료 조성물
WO2022152583A1 (fr) Utilisation d'un additif d'aliments pour animaux dans des aliments à faible teneur en protéines pour la volaille
DE69014823T2 (de) Tierfutter.
WO2013024067A1 (fr) Utilisation des antioxydants pour améliorer la santé animale
EP1344767A2 (fr) Acides de choline comme suppléments alimentaires utilisés dans l'alimentation des animaux
EP1411781B1 (fr) Adjuvant pour produit d'alimentation animale ou pour l'eau a boire destinee aux animaux
DE2809319A1 (de) Mittel und verfahren zur foerderung der tierernaehrung
DE102006040425A1 (de) Ergänzungsmittel sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben
EP0502931B1 (fr) Procede d'elevage ou d'engraissement de porcs ainsi que melange de fourrage
WO2024200238A1 (fr) Utilisation d'un additif alimentaire pour animaux dans des aliments pour animaux à faible teneur en protéines pour l'élevage de porcs
DE1767860C3 (fr)
Yeasmin et al. An exertion of enhance milk yield of native Pabna cattle through using different types of calcium salt of fatty acid
DE1692405C (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung wachstumsfördernder Futtermittel und Tränkgemische

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 24765580

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

点击 这是indexloc提供的php浏览器服务，不要输入任何密码和下载