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WO2006117177A1 - Method for coating wear-prone components and coated components - Google Patents

Method for coating wear-prone components and coated components Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006117177A1
WO2006117177A1 PCT/EP2006/004075 EP2006004075W WO2006117177A1 WO 2006117177 A1 WO2006117177 A1 WO 2006117177A1 EP 2006004075 W EP2006004075 W EP 2006004075W WO 2006117177 A1 WO2006117177 A1 WO 2006117177A1
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Prior art keywords
components
coating
flame spraying
hard metal
nickel
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PCT/EP2006/004075
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alfred Flamang
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Alfred Flamang
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Publication of WO2006117177A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006117177A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for coating components subject to wear, in particular components in large diesel engines, the components being coated with a hard metal layer by applying a powdered hard metal consisting of at least one hard material and a binding agent to the components by means of high-speed flame spraying.
  • the invention further relates to a coated component which is produced by the method according to the invention.
  • components subject to wear means components which are subject to wear at very high temperatures, in particular above 500 ° C. and for example up to 1000 ° C.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for coating components in large diesel engines of seagoing ships, in particular for coating piston heads in these engines, but also for coating the valve plates of the exhaust valves.
  • the invention teaches a method for coating components subject to wear, in particular components in engines or large diesel engines of the type mentioned above, which is characterized in that chromium carbide (Cr 3 C 2 ) is used as the hard material.
  • the pulverulent hard metal is sintered from at least one hard material and from at least one binder.
  • the components, in particular the components in engines or large diesel engines, are therefore coated with a hard metal layer by applying a powdered hard metal to the components by means of high-speed flame spraying.
  • the hard metal consists of a hard material in the form of chromium carbide and a binder or is sintered from a hard material in the form of chromium carbide and a binder.
  • the coating according to the invention is used for components which are exposed to high temperature of in particular over 500 0 C and are hitzekorrosionsbeetzschlagt.
  • HVOF High Velocity Oxygen Fuel
  • It is a process in which the spray material is heated in a fuel gas / oxygen flame or in a fuel liquid / oxygen flame, as is the case with flame spraying, whereby the speed of the particles is several times higher than with conventional flame spraying. This is achieved by the fact that the combustion takes place under high pressure, so that the hot gas jet flows out at around 2000 m / sec. It will powdery spray material is injected into the hot gas jet. The clearly visible supersonic nodes in the gas jet are a characteristic of the high flow velocity.
  • the hard metal consists of 40 to 95% by weight, preferably 50 to 94% by weight, of hard materials in the form of chromium carbide and the remainder in each case of binding agent.
  • the hard metal expediently consists of 60 to 94% by weight, preferably 70 to 94% by weight, preferably 80 to 94% by weight and particularly preferably 85 to 94% by weight of hard materials in the form of chromium carbide and the remainder each from binding agent.
  • the binder contains nickel, namely an essential component of the binder consists of nickel, namely preferably at least 40% by weight, preferably at least 50% by weight, of the binder.
  • the hard metal is a binder in the form of nickel or pure nickel and / or nickel-chromium and / or nickel-copper.
  • the hard metal expediently consists of 40 to 95% by weight, preferably 50 to 94% by weight, preferably 60 to 94% by weight, very preferably 70 to 94% by weight, particularly preferably 80 to 94% by weight % By weight and very particularly preferably 85 to 94% by weight of hard material in the form of chromium carbide and the remainder in each case from binding agent in the form of nickel or pure nickel and / or nickel-chromium and / or nickel-copper.
  • the use of nickel or pure nickel as a binder is particularly preferred.
  • One embodiment that has proven itself is characterized in that it consists of 90% by weight of chromium carbide as the hard material and 10% by weight of nickel as the binder.
  • high-speed flame spraying is used for coating the Components carried out as liquid fuel high-speed flame spraying.
  • the spray material is heated in a liquid fuel / oxygen flame.
  • the high-speed flame spraying is carried out as kerosene high-speed flame spraying.
  • the spray material is heated in a kerosene / oxygen flame.
  • a coating according to the invention applied to a component has a layer thickness of advantageously 700 to 3000 ⁇ m, preferably from 750 to 2800 ⁇ m, preferably from 800 ⁇ m to 2600 ⁇ m, very preferably from 900 to 2200 ⁇ m and particularly preferably from 1000 to 2000 ⁇ m.
  • a coating according to the invention applied to a component has a layer thickness of advantageously 700 to 3000 ⁇ m, preferably from 750 to 2800 ⁇ m, preferably from 800 ⁇ m to 2600 ⁇ m, very preferably from 900 to 2200 ⁇ m and particularly preferably from 1000 to 2000 ⁇ m.
  • the coating is expediently applied with the proviso that it has a porosity of 0.4 to 0.8%.
  • the invention also relates to a coated component which was produced with the aid of the method according to the invention.
  • These components are preferably, but not limited to, pistons of engines or large diesel engines, in particular their piston heads, or also valve disks of exhaust valves.
  • a large number of components, preferably engine components can be coated with the coating according to the invention.
  • the invention is further based on the recognition that with the inventive method unstressed Chromkarbid Anlagenensysteme high quality can be prepared which are suitable for use at very high temperatures up to 1000 0 C.
  • unstressed Chromkarbid Anlagenensysteme high quality can be prepared which are suitable for use at very high temperatures up to 1000 0 C.
  • a considerable increase in the working temperature of engines or large diesel engines is therefore possible, as well as a considerable increase in the efficiency of these engines.
  • a considerable reduction in pollutant emissions in particular a considerable reduction in nitrogen oxide emissions, is achieved.
  • the coating according to the invention is distinguished by excellent corrosion resistance even at very high temperatures.
  • Chromium carbide layer systems are made possible that have an adhesive tensile strength of 60 to 70 MPa (measured according to DIN EN 582).
  • Fig. 1 shows a piston from an engine in side view
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of an engine part partially in section.
  • a piston head 1 of a piston 2 for engines or large diesel engines is preferably provided with a coating 3 according to the invention. It is also beneficial to the To provide the valve plate 4 of an outlet valve 5 assigned to the piston 2 with the coating 3 according to the invention (FIG. 2). Combustion chamber 6 is arranged between piston crown 1 and outlet valve 5. Due to the coating 3 according to the invention, it is possible in the exemplary embodiment to raise the permissible working temperature in the combustion chamber 6 to 500 to 550 ° C. Without a coating 3 according to the invention, only a working temperature between 350 and 400 ° C. would be possible.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for coating wear-prone components, which are coated with a hard metal layer by applying a powdered hard metal consisting of at least one type of hard material and a binder on said components with the aid of a high-speed flame spraying. Tungsten carbide is used in the form of the hard material.

Description

Verfahren zur Beschichtung von verschleißbeaufschlagten Bauteilen und beschichtetes Bauteil Process for the coating of components subject to wear and coated components
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Beschichtung von verschleißbeaufschlagten Bauteilen, insbesondere von Bauteilen in Großdieselmotoren, wobei die Bauteile mit einer Hartmetallschicht beschichtet werden, indem ein pulverförmiges Hartmetall, das aus zumindest einem Hartstoff und einem Bindemittel besteht mittels Hochgeschwindigkeitsflammspritzen auf die Bauteile aufgebracht wird. Die Erfindung betrifft fernerhin ein beschichtetes Bauteil, das nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellt wird. - Verschleißbeauf- schlagte Bauteile meint erfindungsgemäß Bauteile, die bei sehr hohen Temperaturen von insbesondere über 500 0C und beispielsweise bis zu 1000 0C einem Verschleiß unterliegen. Die Erfindung eignet sich vor allem zur Beschichtung von Bauteilen in Großdieselmotoren von Seeschiffen, insbesondere zur Beschichtung von Kolbenböden in diesen Motoren, aber auch zur Beschichtung der Ventilteller der Auslassventile.The invention relates to a method for coating components subject to wear, in particular components in large diesel engines, the components being coated with a hard metal layer by applying a powdered hard metal consisting of at least one hard material and a binding agent to the components by means of high-speed flame spraying. The invention further relates to a coated component which is produced by the method according to the invention. According to the invention, components subject to wear means components which are subject to wear at very high temperatures, in particular above 500 ° C. and for example up to 1000 ° C. The invention is particularly suitable for coating components in large diesel engines of seagoing ships, in particular for coating piston heads in these engines, but also for coating the valve plates of the exhaust valves.
Große Seeschiffe werden von Großdieselmotoren mit bis zu 14 Zylindern und Leistungen bis fast 80000 kW angetrieben. Diese Motoren haben hohe Wirkungsgrade bis fast 50%. Die für die Motoren verwendeten Brennstoffe sind Schweröle mit Schwefelgehalten von bis zu 4 % und Gehalten an Natrium und Vanadium von bis zu 70 mg/kg bzw. 350 mg/kg. - Aufgrund neuer internationaler Konventionen sollen die Stickoxid-Emissionen von Schiffsmotoren gesenkt werden. Eine Senkung dieser Emissionen kann durch Erhöhung der Verbrennungstemperaturen in den Motoren erreicht werden. Die bislang bekannten Komponenten bzw. Bauteile der Großdieselmotoren sind aber nur bis zu bestimmten Höchsttemperaturen problemlos einsetzbar. Demgegenüber liegt der Erfindung das technische Problem zugrunde, ein Verfahren anzugeben, mit dem Bauteile geschaffen werden können, die problemlos bei sehr hohen Temperaturen bzw. Verbrennungstemperaturen einsetzbar sind. Der Erfindung liegt fernerhin das technische Problem zugrunde entsprechende Bauteile anzugeben.Large ocean-going vessels are powered by large diesel engines with up to 14 cylinders and outputs of almost 80,000 kW. These motors have high efficiencies of up to almost 50%. The fuels used for the engines are heavy oils with sulfur contents of up to 4% and contents of sodium and vanadium of up to 70 mg / kg and 350 mg / kg, respectively. - Due to new international conventions, nitrogen oxide emissions from ship engines are to be reduced. These emissions can be reduced by increasing the combustion temperatures in the engines. The previously known components or parts of the large diesel engines can only be used without problems up to certain maximum temperatures. In contrast, the invention is based on the technical problem of specifying a method with which components can be created that can be used without problems at very high temperatures or combustion temperatures. The invention is also based on the technical problem of specifying corresponding components.
Zur Lösung dieses technischen Problems lehrt die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Beschichtung von verschleißbeaufschlagten Bauteilen, insbesondere von Bauteilen in Motoren bzw. Großdieselmotoren der eingangs genannten Art, welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass als Hartstoff Chromkarbid (Cr3C2) eingesetzt wird. Es liegt dabei im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass das pulverförmige Hartmetall aus zumindest einem Hartstoff und aus zumindest einem Bindemittel gesintert ist. Die Bauteile, insbesondere die Bauteile in Motoren bzw. Großdieselmotoren werden also mit einer Hartmetallschicht beschichtet, indem ein pulverförmiges Hartmetall mittels Hochgeschwindigkeitsflammsphtzen auf die Bauteile aufgebracht wird. Das Hartmetall besteht aus einem Hartstoff in Form von Chromkarbid und einem Bindemittel bzw. ist aus einem Hartstoff in Form von Chromcarbid und einem Bindemittel gesintert. - Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die erfindungsgemäße Beschichtung für Bauteile verwendet wird, die hohen Temperaturen von insbesondere über 500 0C ausgesetzt sind bzw. die hitzekorrosionsbeaufschlagt sind.To solve this technical problem, the invention teaches a method for coating components subject to wear, in particular components in engines or large diesel engines of the type mentioned above, which is characterized in that chromium carbide (Cr 3 C 2 ) is used as the hard material. It is within the scope of the invention that the pulverulent hard metal is sintered from at least one hard material and from at least one binder. The components, in particular the components in engines or large diesel engines, are therefore coated with a hard metal layer by applying a powdered hard metal to the components by means of high-speed flame spraying. The hard metal consists of a hard material in the form of chromium carbide and a binder or is sintered from a hard material in the form of chromium carbide and a binder. - It is within the scope of the invention that the coating according to the invention is used for components which are exposed to high temperature of in particular over 500 0 C and are hitzekorrosionsbeaufschlagt.
Hochgeschwindigkeitsflammspritzen wird im internationalen Sprachgebrauch mit der Kurzbenennung HVOF (High Velocity Oxygen Fuel) bezeichnet. Es handelt sich um ein Verfahren, bei dem der Spritzwerkstoff wie beim Flammspritzen in einer Brenngas/Sauerstoffflamme oder in einer Brennflüssigkeit/Sauerstoffflamme erwärmt wird, wobei die Geschwindigkeit der Partikel um ein Mehrfaches höher ist als beim üblichen Flammspritzen. Das wird dadurch erreicht, dass die Verbrennung unter hohem Druck erfolgt, so dass der heiße Gasstrahl mit etwa 2000 m/sek ausströmt. Dabei wird das pulverförmige Spritzmaterial in den heißen Gasstrahl injiziert. Ein Kennzeichen der hohen Strömungsgeschwindigkeit sind die deutlich sichtbaren Überschall- knoten im Gasstrahl.In international parlance, high-speed flame spraying is known as HVOF (High Velocity Oxygen Fuel). It is a process in which the spray material is heated in a fuel gas / oxygen flame or in a fuel liquid / oxygen flame, as is the case with flame spraying, whereby the speed of the particles is several times higher than with conventional flame spraying. This is achieved by the fact that the combustion takes place under high pressure, so that the hot gas jet flows out at around 2000 m / sec. It will powdery spray material is injected into the hot gas jet. The clearly visible supersonic nodes in the gas jet are a characteristic of the high flow velocity.
Nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht das Hartmetall zu 40 bis 95 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise zu 50 bis 94 Gew.-% aus Hartstoffen in Form von Chromkarbid und im Rest jeweils aus Bindemittel. Zweckmäßigerweise besteht das Hartmetall zu 60 bis 94 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise zu 70 bis 94 Gew.-%, bevorzugt zu 80 bis 94 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt zu 85 bis 94 Gew.-% aus Hartstoffen in Form von Chromkarbid und im Rest jeweils aus Bindemittel.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hard metal consists of 40 to 95% by weight, preferably 50 to 94% by weight, of hard materials in the form of chromium carbide and the remainder in each case of binding agent. The hard metal expediently consists of 60 to 94% by weight, preferably 70 to 94% by weight, preferably 80 to 94% by weight and particularly preferably 85 to 94% by weight of hard materials in the form of chromium carbide and the remainder each from binding agent.
Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass ein Bindemittel auf Basis von Nickel eingesetzt wird. Mit anderen Worten enthält das Bindemittel nach dieser Ausführungsform Nickel, und zwar besteht ein wesentlicher Bestandteil des Bindemittels aus Nickel, nämlich vorzugsweise zumindest 40 Gew.-%, bevorzugt zumindest 50 Gew.-% des Bindemittels. Es hat sich bewährt, dass das Hartmetall ein Bindemittel in Form von Nickel bzw. reinem Nickel und/oder Nickel-Chrom und/oder Nickel-Kupfer ist. Zweckmäßigerweise besteht das Hartmetall zu 40 bis 95 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise zu 50 bis 94 Gew.-%, bevorzugt zu 60 bis 94 Gew.-%, sehr bevorzugt zu 70 bis 94 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt zu 80 bis 94 Gew.-% und ganz besonders bevorzugt zu 85 bis 94 Gew.-% aus Hartstoff in Form von Chromkarbid und im Rest jeweils aus Bindemittel in Form von Nickel bzw. reinem Nickel und/oder Nickel-Chrom und/oder Nickel-Kupfer. Besonders bevorzugt ist dabei der Einsatz von Nickel bzw. reinem Nickel als Bindemittel. Eine Ausführungsform, die sich bewährt hat, ist dadurch kennzeichnet, dass sie zu 90 Gew.-% aus Chromkarbid als Hartstoff und zu 10 Gew.-% aus Nickel als Bindemittel besteht.It is within the scope of the invention that a binder based on nickel is used. In other words, according to this embodiment, the binder contains nickel, namely an essential component of the binder consists of nickel, namely preferably at least 40% by weight, preferably at least 50% by weight, of the binder. It has been proven that the hard metal is a binder in the form of nickel or pure nickel and / or nickel-chromium and / or nickel-copper. The hard metal expediently consists of 40 to 95% by weight, preferably 50 to 94% by weight, preferably 60 to 94% by weight, very preferably 70 to 94% by weight, particularly preferably 80 to 94% by weight % By weight and very particularly preferably 85 to 94% by weight of hard material in the form of chromium carbide and the remainder in each case from binding agent in the form of nickel or pure nickel and / or nickel-chromium and / or nickel-copper. The use of nickel or pure nickel as a binder is particularly preferred. One embodiment that has proven itself is characterized in that it consists of 90% by weight of chromium carbide as the hard material and 10% by weight of nickel as the binder.
Nach besonders bevorzugter Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird das Hochgeschwindigkeitsflammspritzen zur Beschichtung der Bauteile als Flüssigbrennstoff-Hochgeschwindigkeitsflammspritzen durchgeführt. Der Spritzwerkstoff wird hier also in einer Flüssigbrennstoff/Sauerstoffflamme erwärmt. Nach sehr bevorzugter Ausführungsform wird das Hochgeschwindigkeitsflammspritzen als Kerosin-Hochgeschwindigkeits- flammspritzen durchgeführt. Der Spritzwerkstoff wird dabei also in einer Kerosin/Sauerstoffflamme erwärmt. Diese letztgenannte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens hat sich besonders bewährt.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, high-speed flame spraying is used for coating the Components carried out as liquid fuel high-speed flame spraying. The spray material is heated in a liquid fuel / oxygen flame. According to a very preferred embodiment, the high-speed flame spraying is carried out as kerosene high-speed flame spraying. The spray material is heated in a kerosene / oxygen flame. This last-mentioned embodiment of the method according to the invention has proven particularly useful.
Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass eine auf einem Bauteil aufgebrachte erfindungsgemäße Beschichtung eine Schichtdicke von zweckmäßigerweise 700 bis 3000 μm, vorzugsweise von 750 bis 2800 μm, bevorzugt von 800 μm bis 2600 μm, sehr bevorzugt von 900 bis 2200 μm und besonders bevorzugt von 1000 bis 2000 μm aufweist. Im Rahmen der Erfindung werden in vorteilhafter Weise nahezu spannungsfreie Chromkarbidschichtensysteme bei relativ großer Schichtdicke und sogar bei Beschichtungen mit mehreren Millimetern Dicke ermöglicht. Im Übrigen wird die Beschichtung zweckmäßigerweise mit der Maßgabe aufgebracht, dass sie eine Porosität von 0,4 bis 0,8 % aufweist.It is within the scope of the invention that a coating according to the invention applied to a component has a layer thickness of advantageously 700 to 3000 μm, preferably from 750 to 2800 μm, preferably from 800 μm to 2600 μm, very preferably from 900 to 2200 μm and particularly preferably from 1000 to 2000 μm. In the context of the invention, virtually stress-free chromium carbide layer systems with a relatively large layer thickness and even with coatings with a thickness of several millimeters are advantageously made possible. In addition, the coating is expediently applied with the proviso that it has a porosity of 0.4 to 0.8%.
Die Erfindung betrifft im Übrigen auch ein beschichtetes Bauteil, das mit Hilfe des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens hergestellt wurde. Bei diesen Bauteilen handelt es sich vorzugsweise aber nicht beschränkend um Kolben von Motoren bzw. Großdieselmotoren, insbesondere deren Kolbenböden oder aber auch um Ventilteller von Auslassventilen. Grundsätzlich sind aber eine Vielzahl von Bauteilen, vorzugsweise Motorbauteilen mit der erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtung beschichtbar.The invention also relates to a coated component which was produced with the aid of the method according to the invention. These components are preferably, but not limited to, pistons of engines or large diesel engines, in particular their piston heads, or also valve disks of exhaust valves. In principle, however, a large number of components, preferably engine components, can be coated with the coating according to the invention.
Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass die erfindungsgemäßeThe invention is based on the knowledge that the inventive
Beschichtung zu einer beachtlichen Erhöhung der Temperaturbeständigkeit und zugleich zu einer wesentlichen Erhöhung der chemischen Beständigkeit der beschichteten Bauteile führt. Der Erfindung liegt weiterhin die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren spannungsfreie Chromkarbidschichtensysteme hoher Qualität hergestellt werden können, die zum Einsatz bei sehr hohen Temperaturen bis zu 1000 0C geeignet sind. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtung von Motorkomponenten ist deshalb eine beachtliche Anhebung der Arbeitstemperatur von Motoren bzw. Großdieselmotoren möglich, sowie eine erhebliche Steigerung des Wirkungsgrades dieser Motoren. Mit den aufgrund der erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtung möglichen Arbeitsbedingungen wird eine beachtliche Verringerung des Schad- Stoffausstoßes, insbesondere eine erhebliche Reduzierung der Stickoxid- Emissionen erzielt. Fernerhin ist zu betonen, dass sich die erfindungsgemäße Beschichtung durch eine ausgezeichnete Korrosionsbeständigkeit auch bei sehr hohen Temperaturen auszeichnet. Es ist auch darauf hinzuweisen, dass bezüglich des Kerosin-Hochgeschwindigkeitsflammspritzens in vorteilhafter Weise Spritzparameter erarbeitet werden können, die ein ausgewogenes Verhältnis zwischen thermischer und kinetischer Energie aufweisen. Es werden Chromkarbidschichtensysteme ermöglicht, die eine Haftzugfestigkeit von 60 bis 70 MPa (gemessen nach DIN EN 582) aufweisen.Coating to a considerable increase in the temperature resistance and at the same time to a substantial increase in the chemical resistance of the coated components. The invention is further based on the recognition that with the inventive method unstressed Chromkarbidschichtensysteme high quality can be prepared which are suitable for use at very high temperatures up to 1000 0 C. With the coating of engine components according to the invention, a considerable increase in the working temperature of engines or large diesel engines is therefore possible, as well as a considerable increase in the efficiency of these engines. With the working conditions possible due to the coating according to the invention, a considerable reduction in pollutant emissions, in particular a considerable reduction in nitrogen oxide emissions, is achieved. It should also be emphasized that the coating according to the invention is distinguished by excellent corrosion resistance even at very high temperatures. It should also be pointed out that with regard to kerosene high-speed flame spraying, spray parameters can advantageously be worked out which have a balanced relationship between thermal and kinetic energy. Chromium carbide layer systems are made possible that have an adhesive tensile strength of 60 to 70 MPa (measured according to DIN EN 582).
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen in schematischer Darstellung:The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a drawing showing only one exemplary embodiment. It shows in a schematic representation:
Fig. 1 einen Kolben aus einem Motor in Seitenansicht undFig. 1 shows a piston from an engine in side view and
Fig. 2 eine Seitenansicht eines Motorteils teilweise im Schnitt.Fig. 2 is a side view of an engine part partially in section.
Vorzugsweise wird mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ein Kolbenboden 1 eines Kolbens 2 für Motoren bzw. Großdieselmotoren mit einer erfindungs- gemäßen Beschichtung 3 versehen. Es ist weiterhin vorteilhaft auch den Ventilteller 4 eines dem Kolben 2 zugeordneten Auslassventils 5 mit der erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtung 3 zu versehen (Fig. 2). Zwischen Kolbenboden 1 und Auslassventil 5 ist der Brennraum 6 angeordnet. Aufgrund der erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtung 3 ist es im Ausführungsbeispiel möglich die zulässige Arbeitstemperatur im Brennraum 6 auf 500 bis 550 0C anzuheben. Ohne erfindungsgemäße Beschichtung 3 wäre nur eine Arbeitstemperatur zwischen 350 und 400 0C möglich. With the method according to the invention, a piston head 1 of a piston 2 for engines or large diesel engines is preferably provided with a coating 3 according to the invention. It is also beneficial to the To provide the valve plate 4 of an outlet valve 5 assigned to the piston 2 with the coating 3 according to the invention (FIG. 2). Combustion chamber 6 is arranged between piston crown 1 and outlet valve 5. Due to the coating 3 according to the invention, it is possible in the exemplary embodiment to raise the permissible working temperature in the combustion chamber 6 to 500 to 550 ° C. Without a coating 3 according to the invention, only a working temperature between 350 and 400 ° C. would be possible.

Claims

Patentansprüche: Patent claims:
1. Verfahren zur Beschichtung von verschleißbeaufschlagten Bauteilen, insbesondere von Bauteilen für Großdieselmotoren, wobei die Bauteile mit einer Hartmetallschicht beschichtet werden, indem ein pulverförmiges Hartmetall, das aus zumindest einem Hartstoff und aus zumindest einem Bindemittel besteht, mittels Hochgeschwindigkeitsflammspritzen auf die Bauteile aufgebracht wird, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s als Hartstoff Chromkarbid eingesetzt wird.1. A method for coating components subject to wear, in particular components for large diesel engines, the components being coated with a hard metal layer by applying a powdered hard metal consisting of at least one hard material and at least one binding agent to the components by means of high-speed flame spraying that chromium carbide is used as the hard material.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das pulver- förmige Hartmetall aus zumindest einem Hartstoff und aus zumindest einem Bindemittel gesintert ist.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the powdered hard metal is sintered from at least one hard material and from at least one binder.
3. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Hartmetall zu 40 bis 95 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise zu 50 bis 94 Gew.-% aus Hartstoff in Form von Chromkarbid besteht.3. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the hard metal consists of 40 to 95 wt .-%, preferably 50 to 94 wt .-% of hard material in the form of chromium carbide.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Hartmetall ein Bindemittel in Form von Nickel und/oder Nickel-Chrom und/oder Nickel-Kupfer aufweist.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hard metal has a binder in the form of nickel and / or nickel-chromium and / or nickel-copper.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Hochgeschwindigkeitsflammspritzen als Flüssigbrennstoff-Hoch- geschwindigkeitsflammspritzen durchgeführt wird.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the high-speed flame spraying is carried out as a liquid fuel high-speed flame spraying.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Hoch- geschwindigkeitsflammspritzen als Kerosin-Hochgeschwindigkeitsflamm- spritzen durchgeführt wird. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the high-speed flame spraying is carried out as kerosene high-speed flame spraying.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Beschichtung von 800 bis 2600 μm Schichtdicke, vorzugsweise von 900 bis 2400 μm Schichtdicke auf die Bauteile aufgebracht wird.7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a coating of 800 to 2600 μm layer thickness, preferably 900 to 2400 μm layer thickness, is applied to the components.
8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtung mit der Maßgabe aufgebracht wird, dass sie eine Porosität von 0,4 bis 0,8% aufweist.8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the coating is applied with the proviso that it has a porosity of 0.4 to 0.8%.
9. Beschichtetes Bauteil, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es nach einem Verfahren gemäß den Ansprüchen 1 bis 8 hergestellt ist. 9. Coated component, characterized in that it is produced by a method according to claims 1 to 8.
PCT/EP2006/004075 2005-05-03 2006-05-02 Method for coating wear-prone components and coated components WO2006117177A1 (en)

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