WO2003037064A2

WO2003037064A2 - Seed drill

Info

Publication number: WO2003037064A2
Application number: PCT/EP2002/012116
Authority: WO
Inventors: Heinz Dreyer
Original assignee: Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2001-11-02
Filing date: 2002-10-30
Publication date: 2003-05-08
Also published as: WO2003037064A3; EA005754B1; EA200400439A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a seed drill for carrying out a direct sowing process and/or a mulch sowing process. Said seed drill comprises a frame (1) on which sowing ploughs, preferably embodied as chisel-type sowing ploughs (8), are adjacently arranged in a plurality of transversal rows, in such a way that they can be moved in vertical planes. Ground processing elements embodied as freely rotating discs (15) are arranged in front of the first transversal row in at least one transversal row. The aim of the invention is to provide a seed drill and a process for direct sowing or mulch sowing, which enable a weed killing process to be simultaneously carried out. To this end, the discs (15) are arranged on the frame in at least two transversal rows in such a way that they can be moved in vertical planes, and are arranged in an almost vertical manner and inclined in relation to straight lines extending in the direction of travel.

Description

Seed drill description

The invention relates to a seed drill for direct sowing and / or mulch sowing according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Such a seed drill is described, for example, in German Offenlegungsschrift 42 31 136. In this drill, in front of the chisel coulters, freely rotatable disks designed as disc coulters are arranged which cut through the material on the ground surface so that there are no blockages between the coulters. This disc coulter does not carry out any soil cultivation in the actual sense.

Especially in dry areas, direct sowing is carried out with chemical weed control. This means that before we use a direct machine, weed sprayers are used to spray the weeds to kill them. Chemical weed control agents are very expensive, so this process is not economical, particularly in areas where low crop yields are expected.

The invention has for its object to provide a seed drill and a method for direct sowing or mulch sowing, in which weed control takes place.

This object is achieved in that the disks are arranged in at least two transverse rows, that the disks are movably arranged on the frame in an upright plane and inclined to the vertical and inclined to a straight line running in the direction of travel. A very flat tillage can be carried out by means of these tillage elements, which act as a kind of disc harrow.

Mechanical weed control is achieved by means of the disc harrow. Furthermore, it is possible to spread fertilizer on the soil surface in a wide distribution before the work on the soil cultivation with the disc harrow by means of a preceding work step using a fertilizer spreader. This fertilizer is then mixed through the disc harrow into the top layer of soil. This makes it possible to reduce the amount of fertilizer to be spread with the sowing process to such an extent that there is no risk of the seed being burned by the fertilizer, so that seed and fertilizer can be introduced into the soil through the seed coulters.

So that the seed coulters can be optimally deposited in the soil with the chisel coulters, the discs are adjusted with respect to the disc coulters so that they penetrate the soil to the same or less depth than the coulters, so that the seeds are attached to a solid layer of soil has water-bearing layer, can be deposited.

In order to be able to use the disks at the intended working depth, it is provided that a support roller or support wheels is arranged behind the disks, that the disks are arranged on a support frame, that the support frame is articulated in height relative to the frame, that the support roller or support wheels are attached to the support frame is height adjustable to adjust the depth of engagement of the discs in the ground. An advantageous setting of the support roller is achieved in that adjustment means are arranged between the support roller or support wheels and the support frame.

According to a method for using a seed drill, it is provided that the discs are set and guided at such a working depth via the support roller or support wheels that the coulters penetrate deeper than the discs in the ground.

Here, the discs are set and guided over the support rollers at a working depth such that the discs penetrate the soil to the same or less depth than the coulters.

The seed drill for direct or mulch sowing can be used according to a method according to claim 6. A combined tillage of our seed drill can be provided, in which the two operations are carried out simultaneously.

However, it is also possible for the operations to be carried out in two different successive operations.

Furthermore, the method according to the invention makes it possible for a work step preceding the tillage operation to be spread over the soil surface in a broad distribution by means of a fertilizer spreader, and for the fertilizer to be mixed into the upper soil layer in the tillage work step. As a result of these measures, the fertilizer application can be divided so that only a small amount of fertilizer can then be introduced into the soil with the seed during the sowing process. The fertilizer can then to the extent that for the introduction via the coulters, that seed and fertilizer can be introduced together, since the fertilizer concentration has dropped below the so-called combustion mark. This means that the fertilizer does not burn the seed, so that the seed and fertilizer can be deposited in the soil through the coulters.

Further details of the invention can be found in the example description and the drawings. Show here

1 shows the seed drill with the tillage implements and the coulters in order to carry out the method in one operation,

Fig. 2 shows the soil tillage implement in a side view and in a schematic representation.

Fig. 3 shows the seed drill in side view and in principle.

1 has the elongated support frame 1, which is supported on the floor 3 via wheels 2. The support frame 1 has on its front side the pulling and coupling device 4 for coupling to the power lift of an agricultural tractor, not shown. The height-adjustable parking supports 4 'are arranged on the coupling device 4. On the rear of the support frame 1, the coupling device, which can be raised and lowered hydraulically by means of the hydraulic elements 5 ′, is arranged for coupling work tools, for example a driven rotor harrow 6. In front of the wheels 2, the coulters 8 designed as chisel coulters 8 are on the support frame 1 on the support elements 7 arranged. The storage container 9 is located above the impellers 2. Via the pneumatic conveying and metering device 10, the seed located in the storage container 9 is fed to the seed coulters 8 via the distributor head 11 and the seed lines 12. Behind each coulter 8 is a coulter 8 leading in depth

Depth guide roller 13 arranged. In front of the chisel coulters 8, the tillage implement 14 is arranged on the support frame 1. This tillage implement 14 has the freely rotatable letters 15 arranged in two transverse rows one behind the other and spaced apart from one another in the form of a

Disc harrow on. The disks 15 are arranged inclined to the vertical and to the straight line running in the direction of travel 16. Behind the disks and in front of the chisel coulters 8 is the support roller 17, which is arranged such that it can be adjusted in height relative to the supporting structure 18 for the disks 15. The support structure 18 is arranged by means of the handlebars 19 so that it can move in height relative to the support frame 1. The disks 15 are arranged via the holders 20 by means of swivel joints 21 having rubber buffers, on the cross members 22, which are fastened to the supporting frame 18, in a resiliently movable manner.

The depth of penetration of the disks 15 is guided into the soil 3 via the support roller 17. Instead of a support roller 17, support wheels for depth control of the disks 15 can also be provided.

The adjusting means designed as a row of holes 23 for adjusting the depth of the penetration depth of the disks 15 into the base 3 can be used to set the working depth with respect to the penetration depth of the chisel shares 8 in the base 3. Here, the disks 15 are set and guided over the support roller 17 at a working depth such that the disks 15 are equal or less deep in the ground 3 than penetrate the coulters 15. The discs are set and guided via the support roller 27 at a working depth such that the coulters 8 penetrate the soil 3 less deeply than the discs 17.

This seeder can be used for a method for introducing seeds into the soil 3 and for preparing the soil 3. In a first operation, a flat tillage is carried out by means of the tillage device 14 having the disks 15. The disks 1 that are used can be moved in an upright plane. They are arranged on a support frame 18 and inclined to the vertical and inclined to the straight line running in the direction of travel 16. The working depth of the discs 15 is guided in depth via a support roller 17 or support wheels which is arranged behind the discs on the support frame and is adjustable in height such that the discs 15 are the same or less deep in the ground 3 than the coulters 8 one afterwards penetrate the used seed drill into the ground 8. In the following operation, the seed and / or the fertilizer are introduced into the soil 3 by means of a seed drill having chisel coulters 8. Here, the coulters 8 are set to a working depth that is equal to or greater than the penetration depth of the discs 15 of the tillage implement 14 used in the previous operation. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the two operations are carried out simultaneously with a combined tillage and drilling machine.

An upstream work step can be provided for spreading the fertilizer on the unprocessed soil surface, in this case the fertilizer is made by means of a centrifugal spreader or another type of fertilizer spreader widely distributed on the floor surface. This fertilizer is then mixed into the upper soil layer by the tillage elements of the tillage device, which means that the amount to be spread with the sowing process can be reduced to such an extent that the mixing ratio of seed to fertilizer is reduced below the so-called combustion market, i.e. below a concentration where there is no danger there is more that the seed is burned by the fertilizer. Then the fertilizer can be deposited in the sowing furrow together with the seed in the sowing process.

3, the operations are carried out in two successive operations.

The soil tillage implement 24 shown in FIG. 2 is used for the first operation. The

Soil cultivation device 24 has the support frame 25, which has a three-point frame 26 on its front for coupling to a three-point linkage of an agricultural tractor. On the support frame 25, a support frame 18 is attached to the cross members 22, on which a

Rubber buffer bearing 21 by means of the bracket 20, the disks 15 are alternately arranged obliquely. The disks 15 are inclined to the vertical and to the straight line running in the direction of travel 16. Behind the disks 15, the height-adjustable support roller 17 is arranged on the support frame 18, by means of which the depth of penetration of the disks 15 into the floor 3 can be adjusted. The setting depth is set such that the depth of penetration of the disks 15 into the base 3 is less than the depth of penetration of the chisel shares 8 of a seed drill according to FIG. 3 used in the subsequent operation. 3 has the elongated support frame 1, which is supported on the floor 3 via wheels 2. The support frame 1 has on its front side the pulling and coupling device 4 for coupling to the power lift of an agricultural tractor, not shown. The height-adjustable parking supports 4 'are arranged on the coupling device 4. On the rear of the support frame 1, the coupling device, which can be raised and lowered hydraulically by means of the hydraulic elements 5 ′, is arranged for coupling work tools, for example a driven rotor harrow 6. In front of the wheels 2, the coulters 8 designed as chisel coulters 8 are arranged on the supporting frame 1 on the supporting elements 7. The storage container 9 is located above the impellers 2. Via the pneumatic conveying and metering device 10, the seed located in the storage container 9 is fed to the seed coulters 8 via the distributor head 11 and the seed lines 12. Behind each coulter 8 there is a depth guide roller 13 which guides the coulter 8 in depth.

This seeder can be used for a method for introducing seeds into the soil 3 and for preparing the soil 3. In a first operation, a flat tillage is carried out by means of the tillage device 24 having the disks 15 according to FIG. 2. The disks 15 used are arranged on a supporting frame 18 such that they can be moved in an upright plane and are inclined to the vertical and inclined to the straight line running in the direction of travel 16. The disks 15 are guided in their working depth in depth via a support roller 17 or support wheels which is arranged behind the disks on the support frame 25 and can be adjusted in such a depth that the disks 15 are equal or less deep penetrate into the soil 3 as the coulters 8 of a seed drill according to FIG. 3 which is subsequently used into the soil 8. In the following operation, the seed and / or the fertilizer are introduced into the soil 3 by means of a seed drill having chisel coulters 8. Here, the coulters 8 are set to a working depth that is equal to or greater than the penetration depth of the discs 15 of the tillage implement 14 used in the previous operation.

The method according to the invention is carried out in such a way that the soil 3 is first worked with the soil cultivation device 24 according to FIG. 2. In the subsequent operation, the seed is introduced into the soil 3 by means of the seed drill according to FIG. 3.

An upstream work step for spreading the fertilizer on the unprocessed soil surface can be provided, in which case the fertilizer is distributed over a wide area on the soil surface by means of a centrifugal spreader or another type of fertilizer spreader. This fertilizer is then mixed into the upper soil layer by the tillage elements of the tillage device, which means that the amount to be spread with the sowing process can be reduced to such an extent that the mixing ratio of seed to fertilizer falls below the so-called combustion market, i.e. is lowered below a concentration where there is no longer any risk that the seed will be burned by the fertilizer. The fertilizer can then be placed in the sowing furrow together with the seed in the sowing process.

Claims

claims

1.

Drilling machine for direct sowing and / or mulch sowing with a frame on which sowing coulters, preferably designed as chisel coulters, are arranged next to each other in an upright plane in a number of transverse rows, whereby tillage elements arranged in at least one transverse row and designed as freely rotatable disks are arranged in front of the first transverse row , characterized in that the disks (15) are arranged in at least two transverse rows, that the disks (15) are arranged on the frame (18-25) so as to be movable in an upright plane and inclined to the vertical and inclined to the straight line running in the direction of travel (16) are arranged.

Second

Seed drill according to claim 1, characterized in that a support roller (17) or support wheels is arranged behind the discs (15), that the discs (15) on a support frame

(18) are arranged so that the support frame (18) is articulated in height relative to the frame (1), that the support roller

(17) or support wheels on the support frame (1) is adjustable in height to adjust the depth of engagement of the disks (15) in the floor (3).

Third

Seed drill according to claim 2, characterized in that adjusting means (23) are arranged between the support roller (17) or support wheels and the support frame.

4th

Method of using a seed drill according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the discs (15) via the support roller (17) or support wheels in such a working depth is set and guided that the discs (15) penetrate the soil (3) to the same or less depth than the coulters (8).

5th

Method of using a seed drill according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the discs (15) are set and guided at a working depth via the support roller (17) or support wheels such that the coulters (8) are lower than that Penetrate washers (15) into the floor (3).

6th

Method for introducing seed into the soil and for preparing this soil (3), that in a first operation by means of a soil cultivation device (14, 24) with discs (15), a flat soil cultivation is carried out, the discs (15) being used in arranged in an upright plane on a frame (18) and inclined to the vertical and inclined to the straight line running in the direction of travel (16) and in their working depth via a support roller (17) arranged behind the disks (15) and on the support frame (18) and adjustable in height ) or support wheels are guided in depth at a working depth such that the discs (15) penetrate the soil (3) to the same extent or less than the seed coulters (8) of a seed drill (8) that will subsequently be used that in a subsequent operation by means of a seed drill with chisel coulters (8), the seed and / or the fertilizer into the soil (3) brought, wherein the coulters (8) are set in such a working depth that is equal to or greater than the depth of penetration of the in the previous operation The coming disks (15) of a tillage implement (14, 24).

7th

A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the two operations are carried out simultaneously with a combined tillage and seed drill.

8th.

A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the operations are carried out in two different successive operations.

9th

A method according to claim 6, characterized in that a work step upstream of the tillage is spread over the soil surface in a broad distribution by means of a fertilizer spreader, that the fertilizer is mixed into the upper till layer in the tillage step.

A method according to claim 9, characterized in that seed and fertilizer are deposited in the soil by means of the coulters (8).