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WO2003046459A1 - Heat exchanger for coolant circuit, in particular for motor vehicle - Google Patents

Heat exchanger for coolant circuit, in particular for motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003046459A1
WO2003046459A1 PCT/FR2002/004003 FR0204003W WO03046459A1 WO 2003046459 A1 WO2003046459 A1 WO 2003046459A1 FR 0204003 W FR0204003 W FR 0204003W WO 03046459 A1 WO03046459 A1 WO 03046459A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
bypass duct
exchanger according
exchanger
circuit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2002/004003
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Patrick Perrin
Original Assignee
Valeo Thermique Moteur
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Thermique Moteur filed Critical Valeo Thermique Moteur
Priority to AU2002365472A priority Critical patent/AU2002365472A1/en
Publication of WO2003046459A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003046459A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/0408—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F28D1/0461—Combination of different types of heat exchanger, e.g. radiator combined with tube-and-shell heat exchanger; Arrangement of conduits for heat exchange between at least two media and for heat exchange between at least one medium and the large body of fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D9/005—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having openings therein for both heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0234—Header boxes; End plates having a second heat exchanger disposed there within, e.g. oil cooler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0246—Arrangements for connecting header boxes with flow lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2280/00—Mounting arrangements; Arrangements for facilitating assembling or disassembling of heat exchanger parts
    • F28F2280/06—Adapter frames, e.g. for mounting heat exchanger cores on other structure and for allowing fluidic connections

Definitions

  • Heat exchanger for a coolant circuit especially for a motor vehicle
  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular for the cooling of a motor vehicle member, in which a fluid to be cooled and a cooling fluid circulate.
  • Heat exchangers of this type generally use the coolant in the cooling circuit of the thermal engine of the motor vehicle to cool various fluids such as engine oil, gearbox oil or even engine fuel. thermal such as gas oil, etc.
  • These exchangers can be mounted directly on the member to be cooled, for example the engine, the gearbox, etc.
  • connection pipes also called “hose” (registered trademark)
  • Heat exchangers can also be mounted inside the radiator water boxes.
  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger which overcomes these drawbacks of the prior art.
  • this heat exchanger comprises at least one bypass duct intended to be integrated into a circuit in which the cooling fluid circulates, and means for causing part of the cooling fluid to enter the exchanger by a inlet light of said bypass duct and returning into the circuit by an outlet light of said bypass duct.
  • the heat exchanger can be mounted even if the member to be cooled, for example the engine or the gearbox, was not designed to be equipped with it.
  • the heat exchanger can also " be mounted on a heat engine cooling radiator which does not allow receiving an integrated oil exchanger.
  • said means for penetrating a part of the cooling fluid consist of a restriction of the cross section of the cooling fluid in the circuit, located between the inlet light and the outlet light.
  • This restriction has the effect of forcing the passage of the cooling fluid through the heat exchanger and, consequently, of improving its efficiency.
  • the bypass duct may have a closed section. It will be constituted, for example, by a tubing which fits on pipes of the cooling fluid circuit.
  • the bypass duct may also have an open section. It will then be constituted, in particular, by a radiator water box intended to be mounted on a radiator body.
  • the heat exchanger and the water box are brazed together during the manufacture of the radiator.
  • the heat exchanger and the water box are preferably made entirely of aluminum.
  • the heat exchanger may include an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe to connect it to a circuit of the fluid to be cooled.
  • the exchanger may include an inlet light and an outlet light for connecting it directly to a member to be cooled, for example a gearbox or the vehicle heat engine.
  • the heat exchanger is advantageously a plate exchanger, in particular a plate exchanger stacked in tiles.
  • the heat exchanger can be fixed on a base of the bypass duct. It can also be formed in one piece with the bypass duct.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective illustration of a heat exchanger according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the exchanger shown in Figure 1
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of the exchanger shown in Figures 1 and 2 equipped with pipes for connection to the cooling fluid circuit
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the exchanger of the invention
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the exchanger of the invention
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the exchanger shown in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 1 A first variant of the heat exchanger of the invention is shown in Figures 1 to 3.
  • the exchanger designated by the reference 2 is equipped with a bypass duct designated by the general reference 4.
  • the bypass duct 4 is a duct of closed circular section. It comprises an inlet part forming an inlet pipe 6, and an outlet portion forming an outlet pipe 8.
  • the inlet pipe 6 and the outlet pipe 8 each have a flange 10 for fixing the duct 4 to flexible pipes 12 by means of hose clamps 14 ( Figure 3).
  • the duct 4 comprises two diametrically opposite fixing lugs 15 which make it possible to fix it at any point on the structure of the vehicle on the passage of a pipe of the cooling circuit of the block of the heat engine by means of fixing screws 17.
  • the bypass duct 4 includes an inlet lumen 16 for the introduction of a cooling fluid into the exchanger 2 and an outlet lumen- 18 allowing the cooling fluid to return to the duct 4 after circulation in the exchanger 2.
  • the duct 4 comprises a transverse partition 20 in which a restriction 22 of the passage section offered to the cooling fluid is arranged.
  • the duct 4 also includes a fixing base 24 (FIG. 1) intended for fixing the exchanger 2.
  • the exchanger 2 is a plate exchanger and, more precisely, a plate exchanger stacked in tiles.
  • the exchanger 2 comprises a plate 26 forming a fixing base which adapts to the base 24 of the conduit 4.
  • the plate 24 and the plate 26 are assembled to one another by fixing screws shown diagrammatically by the dotted lines 28 ( Figure 2).
  • the exchanger 2 comprises an inlet pipe 30 and an outlet pipe 32 for the fluid to be cooled.
  • This fluid to be cooled can be oil, for example the lubricating oil of the heat engine of the motor vehicle, or alternatively the oil of the gearbox. It can also be the fuel of the heat engine, for example diesel.
  • the structure of the exchanger 2 is conventional and will not be described in more detail.
  • the operation of the exchanger is as follows.
  • the coolant enters the bypass duct 4 through the inlet pipe 6, as shown by the arrow 34.
  • the restriction 22 creating a pressure drop, part of the coolant is forced to pass through the light d inlet 16 and to enter the exchanger 2 as shown diagrammatically by the arrow 38.
  • the cooling fluid then flows between the plates, from left to right according to the figure, as shown schematically by the arrow 40, by exchanging heat with the fluid to be cooled which can circulate cocurrently or countercurrent as the case may be.
  • This fluid to be cooled enters the exchanger 2 through the inlet pipe 30, as shown diagrammatically by the arrow 42, and emerges therefrom through the outlet pipe 32, as shown diagrammatically by the arrow 44.
  • the cooling fluid then returns to the conduit 4 by the outlet lumen 18, as shown schematically by the arrow 46, then comes out of it mixing with the main flow of the cooling fluid, as shown schematically by the arrow 48.
  • the exchanger of the invention can be arranged at any location in the cooling fluid circuit. It suffices to interrupt the flexible pipes, for example rubber 12, of this circuit and to insert the bypass pipe 4 on the cooling circuit. Thanks to this characteristic, it is not necessary that the components of the vehicle to be cooled, for example the engine or the gearbox, have been specially provided to receive a heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the exchanger of FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the exchanger 2 is mounted directly on the member to be cooled, for example the engine or the gearbox.
  • the exchanger 2 is connected directly to the circuit to be cooled by the intermediary of lights (not shown) formed in its support plate 26.
  • the bypass duct 4 is formed in one piece with the exchanger 2, for example by molding.
  • the bypass duct 4 is interposed on ducts 12 of the coolant circuit by means of clamps 14.
  • the circulation of the coolant between the duct 4 and the exchanger 2 is carried out in the same way.
  • the duct 4 preferably comprises a partition 20 comprising a restriction 22 (not shown) to force the circulation of the cooling fluid in the exchanger 2.
  • FIG. 5 a third alternative embodiment of the invention in which the bypass conduit is constituted by a heat exchanger water box.
  • Motor vehicle heat exchangers generally comprise a bundle of fluid circulation tubes 50 mounted between two manifolds.
  • Each manifold box (only one box has been shown in FIG. 5) comprises a manifold plate 52 perforated with a multiplicity of orifices for the introduction of the tubes 50 of the bundle.
  • a cover is fixed to the collector plate, for example by crimping.
  • the cover of the manifold is constituted by the bypass duct 4 of the exchanger 2 of the invention.
  • a seal 54 is interposed between the collector plate 52 and the conduit 4 in order to ensure a tight connection.
  • the seal 54 also provides a sealed connection between the collector plate and each of the tubes 50 of the bundle.
  • the conduit 4 has an open section, unlike the embodiments of Figures 1 to 3 and the embodiment of Figure 4 in which the conduit has a closed section. In fact, it is the collecting plate 52 which closes the open part of the duct 4.
  • a transverse partition 56 comprising a restriction 58 of the passage section offered to the fluid which circulates in the manifold of the exchanger is provided in the conduit 4.
  • the conduit 4 comprises a plate forming a fixing base 24, while the exchanger 2 comprises a plate 26 forming a fixing base.
  • the two bases 24 and 26 are assembled to each other by screws shown diagrammatically by phantom lines 28.
  • the exchanger 2 comprises an inlet pipe 30 for the entry of the fluid to be cooled into the exchanger 2, as shown by arrow 42, and an outlet pipe 32 for the return of the fluid cooled to the fluid circuit to be cooled, as shown by arrow 44.
  • the operation of the exchanger is as follows.
  • the exchanger 2 and the bypass duct 4 are made entirely of aluminum and brazed together during the manufacture of the radiator.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a heat exchanger, wherein circulate a fluid to be cooled and a coolant, comprising at least a bypass conduit (4) with open or closed cross-section designed to be integrated in a circuit wherein circulates the coolant, in particular the coolant of a motor vehicle heat engine. The coolant penetrates into the heat exchanger (2) through a slot (16) of the bypass conduit (4) and returns into the circuit through an output slot (18) of the bypass conduit (4). The bypass conduit (4) comprises a restriction (22) located between the input slot (16) and the output slot (18). The invention is applicable in particular to motor vehicles.

Description

Echangeur de chaleur pour un circuit de fluide de refroidissement, notamment pour véhicule automobile Heat exchanger for a coolant circuit, especially for a motor vehicle
L'invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur, notamment pour le refroidissement d'un organe de véhicule automobile, dans lequel circulent un fluide à refroidir et un fluide de refroidissement.The invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular for the cooling of a motor vehicle member, in which a fluid to be cooled and a cooling fluid circulate.
Des échangeurs de chaleur de ce type utilisent généralement le fluide de refroidissement du circuit de refroidissement du moteur thermique du véhicule automobile pour refroidir des fluides divers tels que l'huile du moteur, l'huile de la boîte de vitesses ou encore un carburant du moteur thermique tel que le.gazole, etc. Ces échangeurs peuvent être montés directement sur l'organe à refroidir, par exemple le moteur, la boîte de vitesses, etc. Dans ce cas, le raccordement de l'échangeur au circuit de refroidissement est réalisé par des conduites de raccordement, également appelées "durit" (marque déposée), reliées au circuit de refroidissement, ou par des piquages sur le circuit de refroidissement du bloc moteur ou par une combinaison des deux. Les échangeurs de chaleur peuvent également être montés à l'intérieur des boîtes à eau de radiateur.Heat exchangers of this type generally use the coolant in the cooling circuit of the thermal engine of the motor vehicle to cool various fluids such as engine oil, gearbox oil or even engine fuel. thermal such as gas oil, etc. These exchangers can be mounted directly on the member to be cooled, for example the engine, the gearbox, etc. In this case, the connection of the exchanger to the cooling circuit is carried out by connection pipes, also called "hose" (registered trademark), connected to the cooling circuit, or by nozzles on the cooling circuit of the engine block. or by a combination of the two. Heat exchangers can also be mounted inside the radiator water boxes.
Ces dispositifs connus présentent des inconvénients. Dans le cas où l'échangeur est monté directement sur l'organe à refroidir, comme le moteur ou la boîte de vitesses, l'utilisation d'un échangeur huile/eau nécessite une conception particulière de l'organe devant recevoir l'échangeur. Il faut prévoir une interface particulière entre le moteur et l'échangeur de chaleur ou entre la boîte de vitesses et l'échangeur de chaleur. Le raccordement au circuit de refroidissement du moteur nécessite des conduites de raccordement ou des piquages sur le circuit de refroidissement du bloc du moteur thermique. Dans le cas où l'échangeur est intégré à l'intérieur de la boîte à eau d'un radiateur de refroidissement, ce radiateur doit être conçu pour pouvoir recevoir un échangeur huile/eau ou, plus généralement, un échangeur liquide/fluide de refroidissement dans une des boîtes à eau. Cette boîte doit avoir une dimension suffisante, ce qui conduit à augmenter son encombrement. Il est nécessaire de prévoir un accès pour le passage des conduites du circuit d'huile.These known devices have drawbacks. In the case where the exchanger is mounted directly on the member to be cooled, such as the engine or the gearbox, the use of an oil / water exchanger requires a particular design of the member to receive the exchanger. A special interface must be provided between the engine and the heat exchanger or between the gearbox and the heat exchanger. Connection to the engine cooling circuit requires connection pipes or taps on the cooling circuit of the engine block. If the exchanger is integrated inside the water box of a cooling radiator, this radiator must be designed to be able to receive an oil / water exchanger or, more generally, a liquid / coolant exchanger in one of the water boxes. This box must have a sufficient dimension, which leads to increasing its size. It is necessary to provide an access for the passage of the lines of the oil circuit.
La présente invention a pour objet un échangeur de chaleur qui remédie à ces inconvénients de l'art antérieur.The present invention relates to a heat exchanger which overcomes these drawbacks of the prior art.
Conformément à l'invention, cet échangeur de chaleur comporte au moins un conduit de dérivation destiné à être intégré à un circuit dans lequel circule le fluide de refroidissement, et des moyens pour faire pénétrer une partie du fluide de refroidissement dans l'échangeur par une lumière d'entrée dudit conduit de dérivation et retournant dans le circuit par une lumière de sortie dudit conduit de dérivation.According to the invention, this heat exchanger comprises at least one bypass duct intended to be integrated into a circuit in which the cooling fluid circulates, and means for causing part of the cooling fluid to enter the exchanger by a inlet light of said bypass duct and returning into the circuit by an outlet light of said bypass duct.
Grâce à ces caractéristiques, l'échangeur de chaleur peut être monté même si l'organe à refroidir, par exemple le moteur ou la boîte de vitesses, n'a pas été conçu pour en être équipé. L'échangeur de chaleur peut également "être monté sur un radiateur de refroidissement du moteur thermique qui ne permet pas de recevoir un échangeur d'huile intégré.Thanks to these characteristics, the heat exchanger can be mounted even if the member to be cooled, for example the engine or the gearbox, was not designed to be equipped with it. The heat exchanger can also " be mounted on a heat engine cooling radiator which does not allow receiving an integrated oil exchanger.
Ces résultats sont particulièrement avantageux parce qu'ils permettent notamment d'équiper des véhicules européens, dont les radiateurs ne permettent généralement pas une adaptation facile de refroidisseurs d'huile intégrés de boîte de vitesses automatiques d'origine étrangère, par exemple américaine ou japonaise, dont le circuit d'huile doit être raccordé à un refroidisseur d'huile externe. De préférence, lesdits moyens pour faire pénétrer une partie du fluide de refroidissement sont constitués par une restriction de la section de passage du fluide de refroidissement dans le circuit, située entre la lumière d'entrée et la lumière de sortie.These results are particularly advantageous because they make it possible in particular to equip European vehicles, the radiators of which generally do not allow easy adaptation of integrated oil coolers of automatic gearboxes of foreign origin, for example American or Japanese, the oil circuit of which must be connected to an external oil cooler. Preferably, said means for penetrating a part of the cooling fluid consist of a restriction of the cross section of the cooling fluid in the circuit, located between the inlet light and the outlet light.
Cette restriction a pour effet de forcer le passage du fluide de refroidissement dans l'échangeur de chaleur et, par conséquent, d'améliorer son efficacité.This restriction has the effect of forcing the passage of the cooling fluid through the heat exchanger and, consequently, of improving its efficiency.
Le conduit de dérivation peut présenter une section fermée. Il sera constitué, par exemple, par une tubulure qui s'adapte sur des tuyaux du circuit de fluide de refroidissement.The bypass duct may have a closed section. It will be constituted, for example, by a tubing which fits on pipes of the cooling fluid circuit.
Le conduit de dérivation peut présenter également une section ouverte. Il sera alors constitué, notamment, par une boîte à eau de radiateur destinée à être montée sur un corps de radiateur.The bypass duct may also have an open section. It will then be constituted, in particular, by a radiator water box intended to be mounted on a radiator body.
Dans une réalisation particulière, l'échangeur de chaleur et la boîte à eau sont brasés ensemble lors de la fabrication du radiateur. Dans ce cas, l'échangeur de chaleur et la boîte à eau sont, de préférence, réalisés entièrement en aluminium.In a particular embodiment, the heat exchanger and the water box are brazed together during the manufacture of the radiator. In this case, the heat exchanger and the water box are preferably made entirely of aluminum.
L'échangeur de chaleur peut comporter une tubulure d'entrée et une tubulure de sortie pour le raccorder à un circuit du fluide à refroidir. En variante, l'échangeur peut comporter une lumière d'entrée et une lumière de sortie pour le raccorder directement à un organe à refroidir, par exemple une boîte de vitesses ou le moteur thermique du véhicule.The heat exchanger may include an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe to connect it to a circuit of the fluid to be cooled. As a variant, the exchanger may include an inlet light and an outlet light for connecting it directly to a member to be cooled, for example a gearbox or the vehicle heat engine.
L'échangeur de chaleur est avantageusement un échangeur à plaques, notamment un échangeur à plaques empilées en tuiles.The heat exchanger is advantageously a plate exchanger, in particular a plate exchanger stacked in tiles.
L'échangeur de chaleur peut être fixé sur une embase du conduit de dérivation. Il peut également être formé d'une seule pièce avec le conduit de dérivation.The heat exchanger can be fixed on a base of the bypass duct. It can also be formed in one piece with the bypass duct.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront encore à la lecture de la description qui suit d'exemples de réalisation donnés à titre illustratif en référence aux figures annexées. Sur ces figures :Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the following description of exemplary embodiments given by way of illustration with reference to the appended figures. In these figures:
la Figure 1 est une illustration schématique en perspective d'un échangeur de chaleur conforme à l'invention; la Figure 2 est une vue en coupe longitudinale de l'échangeur représenté sur la Figure 1 ; la Figure 3 est une vue en perspective de l'échangeur représenté sur les Figures 1 et 2 équipé de conduites de raccordement au circuit du fluide de refroidissement ; la Figure 4 est une vue en perspective d'une variante de réalisation de l'échangeur de l'invention ; la Figure 5 est une vue en coupe d'une variante de réalisation de l'échangeur de l'invention ; la Figure 6 est une vue en perspective de l'échangeur représenté sur la Figure 5.Figure 1 is a schematic perspective illustration of a heat exchanger according to the invention; Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the exchanger shown in Figure 1; Figure 3 is a perspective view of the exchanger shown in Figures 1 and 2 equipped with pipes for connection to the cooling fluid circuit; Figure 4 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the exchanger of the invention; Figure 5 is a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the exchanger of the invention; FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the exchanger shown in FIG. 5.
Une première variante de l'échangeur de chaleur de l'invention est représentée sur les Figures 1 à 3. L'échangeur, désigné par la référence 2, est équipé d'un conduit de dérivation désigné par la référence générale 4. Dans l'exemple représenté, le conduit de dérivation 4 est un conduit de section circulaire fermée. Il comporte une partie d'entrée formant une tubulure d'entrée 6, et une partie de sortie formant une tubulure de sortie 8. La tubulure d'entrée 6 et la tubulure de sortie 8 comportent chacune une collerette 10 pour la fixation du conduit 4 à des conduites souples 12 au moyen de colliers de serrage 14 (Figure 3). Le conduit 4 comporte deux pattes de fixation 15 diamétralement opposées qui permettent de le fixer à un endroit quelconque de la structure du véhicule sur le passage d'une conduite du circuit de refroidissement du bloc du moteur thermique au moyen de vis de fixation 17.A first variant of the heat exchanger of the invention is shown in Figures 1 to 3. The exchanger, designated by the reference 2, is equipped with a bypass duct designated by the general reference 4. In the example shown, the bypass duct 4 is a duct of closed circular section. It comprises an inlet part forming an inlet pipe 6, and an outlet portion forming an outlet pipe 8. The inlet pipe 6 and the outlet pipe 8 each have a flange 10 for fixing the duct 4 to flexible pipes 12 by means of hose clamps 14 (Figure 3). The duct 4 comprises two diametrically opposite fixing lugs 15 which make it possible to fix it at any point on the structure of the vehicle on the passage of a pipe of the cooling circuit of the block of the heat engine by means of fixing screws 17.
Le conduit de dérivation 4 comporte une lumière d'entrée 16 pour l'introduction d'un fluide de refroidissement dans l'échangeur 2 et une lumière de sortie- 18 permettant le retour du fluide de refroidissement dans le conduit 4 après circulation dans l'échangeur 2. Comme on le note particulièrement sur la Figure 2, le conduit 4 comporte une cloison transversale 20 dans laquelle est aménagée une restriction 22 de la section de passage offerte au fluide de refroidissement. Le conduit 4 comporte encore une embase de fixation 24 (Figure 1) destinée à la fixation de l'échangeur 2.The bypass duct 4 includes an inlet lumen 16 for the introduction of a cooling fluid into the exchanger 2 and an outlet lumen- 18 allowing the cooling fluid to return to the duct 4 after circulation in the exchanger 2. As is particularly noted in FIG. 2, the duct 4 comprises a transverse partition 20 in which a restriction 22 of the passage section offered to the cooling fluid is arranged. The duct 4 also includes a fixing base 24 (FIG. 1) intended for fixing the exchanger 2.
Dans l'exemple représenté, l'échangeur 2 est un échangeur à plaques et, plus précisément, un échangeur à plaques empilées en tuiles. Toutefois, on pourrait également utiliser d'autres types d'échangeurs. L'échangeur 2 comporte une plaque 26 formant une embase de fixation qui s ' adapte .sur l'embase 24 du conduit 4. La plaque 24 et la plaque 26 sont assemblées l'une à l'autre par des vis de fixation schématisées par les traits mixtes 28 (Figure 2). L'échangeur 2 comporte une tubulure d'entrée 30 et une tubulure de sortie 32 pour le fluide à refroidir. Ce fluide à refroidir peut être de l'huile, par exemple l'huile de lubrification du moteur thermique du véhicule automobile, ou encore l'huile de la boîte de vitesses. Il peut s'agir également du carburant du moteur thermique, par exemple le gazole. La structure de l'échangeur 2 est classique et ne sera pas décrite plus en détail.In the example shown, the exchanger 2 is a plate exchanger and, more precisely, a plate exchanger stacked in tiles. However, other types of exchangers could also be used. The exchanger 2 comprises a plate 26 forming a fixing base which adapts to the base 24 of the conduit 4. The plate 24 and the plate 26 are assembled to one another by fixing screws shown diagrammatically by the dotted lines 28 (Figure 2). The exchanger 2 comprises an inlet pipe 30 and an outlet pipe 32 for the fluid to be cooled. This fluid to be cooled can be oil, for example the lubricating oil of the heat engine of the motor vehicle, or alternatively the oil of the gearbox. It can also be the fuel of the heat engine, for example diesel. The structure of the exchanger 2 is conventional and will not be described in more detail.
Le fonctionnement de l'échangeur est le suivant. Le fluide de refroidissement pénètre dans le conduit de dérivation 4 par la tubulure d'entrée 6, comme schématisé par la flèche 34. La restriction 22 créant une perte de charge, une partie du fluide de refroidissement est contrainte de passer à travers la lumière d'entrée 16 et à pénétrer dans l'échangeur 2 comme schématisé par la flèche 38. Le fluide dé refroidissement circule alors entre les plaques, de gauche à droite selon la figure, comme schématisé par la flèche 40, en échangeant de la chaleur avec le fluide à refroidir qui peut circuler à co- courant ou à contre-courant selon le cas. Ce fluide à refroidir pénètre dans l'échangeur 2 par la tubulure d'entrée 30, comme schématisé par la flèche 42, et en ressort par la tubulure de sortie 32, comme schématisé par la flèche 44. Le fluide de refroidissement retourne alors dans le conduit 4 par la lumière de sortie 18, comme schématisé par la flèche 46, puis en ressort en se mêlant au flux principal du fluide de refroidissement, comme schématisé par la flèche 48.The operation of the exchanger is as follows. The coolant enters the bypass duct 4 through the inlet pipe 6, as shown by the arrow 34. The restriction 22 creating a pressure drop, part of the coolant is forced to pass through the light d inlet 16 and to enter the exchanger 2 as shown diagrammatically by the arrow 38. The cooling fluid then flows between the plates, from left to right according to the figure, as shown schematically by the arrow 40, by exchanging heat with the fluid to be cooled which can circulate cocurrently or countercurrent as the case may be. This fluid to be cooled enters the exchanger 2 through the inlet pipe 30, as shown diagrammatically by the arrow 42, and emerges therefrom through the outlet pipe 32, as shown diagrammatically by the arrow 44. The cooling fluid then returns to the conduit 4 by the outlet lumen 18, as shown schematically by the arrow 46, then comes out of it mixing with the main flow of the cooling fluid, as shown schematically by the arrow 48.
Comme on le remarque sur la Figure 3, l'échangeur de l'invention peut être disposé à un emplacement quelconque du circuit du fluide de refroidissement. Il suffit d'interrompre les conduites souples, par exemple en caoutchouc 12, de ce circuit et d'intercaler le conduit de dérivation 4 sur le circuit de refroidissement. Grâce à cette caractéristique, il n'est pas nécessaire que les organes du véhicule à refroidir, par exemple le moteur ou la boîte de vitesses, aient été prévus spécialement pour recevoir un échangeur de chaleur.As noted in Figure 3, the exchanger of the invention can be arranged at any location in the cooling fluid circuit. It suffices to interrupt the flexible pipes, for example rubber 12, of this circuit and to insert the bypass pipe 4 on the cooling circuit. Thanks to this characteristic, it is not necessary that the components of the vehicle to be cooled, for example the engine or the gearbox, have been specially provided to receive a heat exchanger.
On a représenté sur la Figure 4 une variante de réalisation de l'échangeur des Figures 1 à 3. Dans cette variante, l'échangeur 2 est monté directement sur l'organe à refroidir, par exemple le moteur ou la boîte de vitesses. L'échangeur 2 est relié directement au circuit à refroidir par 1 ' intermédiaire de lumières (non représentées) pratiquées dans sa plaque de support 26. Le conduit de dérivation 4 est formé d'une seule pièce avec l'échangeur 2, par exemple par moulage. Comme dans le cas du mode de réalisation des Figures 1 à 3 , le conduit de dérivation 4 est intercalé sur des conduites 12 du circuit de fluide de refroidissement au moyen de colliers de serrage 14. La circulation du fluide de refroidissement entre le conduit 4 et l'échangeur 2 s'effectue de la même manière. En particulier, le conduit 4 comporte, de préférence, une cloison 20 comportant une restriction 22 (non représentées) pour forcer la circulation du fluide de refroidissement dans l'échangeur 2.FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the exchanger of FIGS. 1 to 3. In this variant, the exchanger 2 is mounted directly on the member to be cooled, for example the engine or the gearbox. The exchanger 2 is connected directly to the circuit to be cooled by the intermediary of lights (not shown) formed in its support plate 26. The bypass duct 4 is formed in one piece with the exchanger 2, for example by molding. As in the case of the embodiment of Figures 1 to 3, the bypass duct 4 is interposed on ducts 12 of the coolant circuit by means of clamps 14. The circulation of the coolant between the duct 4 and the exchanger 2 is carried out in the same way. In particular, the duct 4 preferably comprises a partition 20 comprising a restriction 22 (not shown) to force the circulation of the cooling fluid in the exchanger 2.
On a représenté sur les Figures 5 et 6 une troisième variante de réalisation de l'invention dans laquelle le conduit de dérivation est constitué par une boîte à eau d'échangeur de chaleur. Les échangeurs dé chaleur de véhicules automobiles comprennent généralement un faisceau de tubes de circulation de fluide 50 montés entre deux boîtes collectrices. Chaque boîte collectrice (une seule boîte a été représentée sur la Figure 5) comprend une plaque collectrice 52 perforée d'une multiplicité d'orifices pour l'introduction des tubes 50 du faisceau. Un couvercle est fixé sur la plaque collectrice, par exemple par sertissage. Dans l'exemple représenté, le couvercle de la boîte collectrice est constitué par le conduit de dérivation 4 de l'échangeur 2 de l'invention. Un joint d'étanchéité 54 est interposé entre la plaque collectrice 52 et le conduit 4 afin d'assurer une liaison étanche. Le joint d'étanchéité 54 assure également une liaison étanche entre la plaque collectrice et chacun des tubes 50 du faisceau. Comme on le remarque dans cette réalisation, le conduit 4 présente une section ouverte, contrairement aux modes de réalisation des Figures 1 à 3 et au mode de réalisation de la Figure 4 dans lesquels le conduit présente une section fermée. En effet, c'est la plaque collectrice 52 qui obture la partie ouverte du conduit 4.There is shown in Figures 5 and 6 a third alternative embodiment of the invention in which the bypass conduit is constituted by a heat exchanger water box. Motor vehicle heat exchangers generally comprise a bundle of fluid circulation tubes 50 mounted between two manifolds. Each manifold box (only one box has been shown in FIG. 5) comprises a manifold plate 52 perforated with a multiplicity of orifices for the introduction of the tubes 50 of the bundle. A cover is fixed to the collector plate, for example by crimping. In the example shown, the cover of the manifold is constituted by the bypass duct 4 of the exchanger 2 of the invention. A seal 54 is interposed between the collector plate 52 and the conduit 4 in order to ensure a tight connection. The seal 54 also provides a sealed connection between the collector plate and each of the tubes 50 of the bundle. As noted in this embodiment, the conduit 4 has an open section, unlike the embodiments of Figures 1 to 3 and the embodiment of Figure 4 in which the conduit has a closed section. In fact, it is the collecting plate 52 which closes the open part of the duct 4.
Une cloison transversale 56 comportant une restriction 58 de la section de passage offerte au fluide qui circule dans la boîte collectrice de l'échangeur est prévue dans le conduit 4. Le conduit 4 comporte une plaque formant embase de fixation 24, tandis que l'échangeur 2 comporte une plaque 26 formant embase de fixation. Les deux embases 24 et 26 sont assemblées l'une à l'autre par des vis schématisées par les traits mixtes 28. L'échangeur 2 comporte une tubulure d'entrée 30 pour l'entrée du fluide à refroidir dans l'échangeur 2, comme schématisé par la flèche 42, et une tubulure de sortie 32 pour le • retour du fluide refroidi vers le circuit de fluide à refroidir, comme schématisé par la flèche 44.A transverse partition 56 comprising a restriction 58 of the passage section offered to the fluid which circulates in the manifold of the exchanger is provided in the conduit 4. The conduit 4 comprises a plate forming a fixing base 24, while the exchanger 2 comprises a plate 26 forming a fixing base. The two bases 24 and 26 are assembled to each other by screws shown diagrammatically by phantom lines 28. The exchanger 2 comprises an inlet pipe 30 for the entry of the fluid to be cooled into the exchanger 2, as shown by arrow 42, and an outlet pipe 32 for the return of the fluid cooled to the fluid circuit to be cooled, as shown by arrow 44.
Le fonctionnement ,de l'échangeur est le suivant. Le fluide de refroidissement qui circule de gauche à droite, selon la Figure 5, -dans la boîte collectrice, comme schématisé par la flèche 34, est forcé à pénétrer dans l'échangeur de chaleur 2 par la restriction 58, comme schématisé par la flèche 38. Il- circule de gauche à droite selon la figure entre les plaques de l'échangeur, comme schématisé par la flèche 40, puis retourne dans la boîte collectrice, comme schématisé par la flèche 46, en se mélangeant au flux principal de fluide de refroidissement, comme schématisé par la flèche 48.The operation of the exchanger is as follows. The coolant which flows from left to right, according to Figure 5, -in the manifold, as shown in the arrow 34, is forced into the heat exchanger 2 by the restriction 58, as shown in the arrow 38. It circulates from left to right according to the figure between the plates of the exchanger, as shown schematically by the arrow 40, then returns to the manifold, as shown schematically by the arrow 46, mixing with the main flow of cooling, as shown by arrow 48.
Dans une variante de réalisation, l'échangeur 2 et le conduit de dérivation 4 sont entièrement réalisés en aluminium et brasés ensemble lors de la fabrication du radiateur. In an alternative embodiment, the exchanger 2 and the bypass duct 4 are made entirely of aluminum and brazed together during the manufacture of the radiator.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Echangeur de chaleur, notamment pour le refroidissement d'un organe de véhicule automobile, dans lequel circulent ùh fluide à refroidir et un fluide de refroidissement, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins un conduit de dérivation (4) destiné à être intégré à un circuit dans lequel circule le fluide de refroidissement, et des moyens pour faire pénétrer une partie du fluide de refroidissement dans l'échangeur de chaleur (2) par une lumière d'entrée (16) dudit conduit de dérivation et retournant dans le circuit par une lumière de sortie (18) dudit conduit de dérivation.1. Heat exchanger, in particular for the cooling of a motor vehicle member, in which circulate a fluid to be cooled and a cooling fluid, characterized in that it comprises at least one bypass duct (4) intended to be integrated into a circuit in which the coolant circulates, and means for making part of the coolant enter the heat exchanger (2) through an inlet lumen (16) of said bypass duct and returning into the circuit by an exit light (18) from said bypass duct.
2. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens pour faire pénétrer une partie du fluide de refroidissement sont constitués par une restriction (22) de la section de passage du fluide de refroidissement dans le circuit, située entre la lumière d'entrée (16) et la lumière de sortie (18).2. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that said means for penetrating a part of the coolant consist of a restriction (22) of the section for passage of the coolant in the circuit, located between the lumen entry (16) and exit light (18).
3. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le conduit de dérivation (4) présente une section fermée.3. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the bypass duct (4) has a closed section.
4. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le conduit de dérivation (4) est une tubulure qui s'adapte sur des tuyaux (12) du circuit de fluide de refroidissement.4. Heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that the bypass duct (4) is a tube which fits on pipes (12) of the cooling fluid circuit.
5. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le conduit de dérivation (4) présente une section ouverte.5. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the bypass duct (4) has an open section.
6. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le conduit de dérivation (4) constitue une boîte à eau de radiateur destinée à être montée sur un corps de radiateur..6. Heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that the bypass duct (4) constitutes a radiator water box intended to be mounted on a body of radiator..
7. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'échangeur (2) et la boîte à eau (4) sont brasés ensemble lors de la fabrication du radiateur.7. Heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that the exchanger (2) and the water box (4) are brazed together during the manufacture of the radiator.
8. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'échangeur (2) et la boîte à eau (4) sont réalisés en aluminium.8. Heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that the exchanger (2) and the water box (4) are made of aluminum.
9. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une tubulure d'entrée (30) et une tubulure de sortie (32) pour le raccorder à un circuit du fluide à refroidir.9. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises an inlet pipe (30) and an outlet pipe (32) for connecting it to a circuit of the fluid to be cooled.
10. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une "des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une lumière d'entrée et une lumière de sortie pour le raccorder directement à un organe à refroidir.10. Heat exchanger according to one " of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises an inlet light and an outlet light to connect it directly to a member to be cooled.
11. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'échangeur est un échangeur a plaques, notamment à plaques empilées en tuiles .11. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the exchanger is a plate exchanger, in particular with plates stacked in tiles.
12. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il est fixé sur une embase (24) du conduit de dérivation ( 4 ) .12. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it is fixed to a base (24) of the bypass duct (4).
13. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il est formé d'une seule pièce avec le conduit de dérivation ( 4 ) . 13. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it is formed in one piece with the bypass duct (4).
PCT/FR2002/004003 2001-11-28 2002-11-21 Heat exchanger for coolant circuit, in particular for motor vehicle WO2003046459A1 (en)

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FR0115391A FR2832791B1 (en) 2001-11-28 2001-11-28 HEAT EXCHANGER FOR A COOLING FLUID CIRCUIT, PARTICULARLY FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE
FR01/15391 2001-11-28

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WO2023018934A1 (en) * 2021-08-12 2023-02-16 Polestar Performance Ab Transmission oil cooler and bypass block system

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