WO1999052369A1

WO1999052369A1 - A plant leaf fertiliser and its application

Info

Publication number: WO1999052369A1
Application number: PCT/CN1998/000247
Authority: WO
Inventors: Yi Shang
Original assignee: Yi Shang
Priority date: 1998-04-10
Filing date: 1998-10-16
Publication date: 1999-10-21
Also published as: AU9528698A

Abstract

The invention relates to a foilar fertiliser of plant nutrient and its application. The fertiliser is producted as starting material using chloroacetic acid, sodium bicarbonate, caustic soda, ethylnaphthol, borax, zinc sulphate and magnesium sulphate. It is producted as following process: first four of said starting materials in a desired proportion are dissolved by a desired amount of water respectively, then put them into a reactor. The mixture obtained was heated, agitated, remained in constant temperature, and was cooled to ambient temperature, following by addition of late three of said starting materials in a desired proportion, agitated, reacted for a time, and a pH adjusted to 6-7. It removed water from the mixture by centrifuge, then dried wet residue to obtain the product of the present invention. The fertiliser acts as plant nutrient and plant growth regulator.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a spraying fertilizer for plant root nutrition containing trace elements, and in particular to a spraying fertilizer for root nutrition which combines nutrition and regulating plant growth and development, And its application in plant nutrition fertilizer and plant growth regulator. Background technique

There are many types of existing trace element fertilizers, such as "Plant Organic Nutrients", Patent Application No. 91100728, "High Potassium Organic Multi-element Micro Fertilizer and Its Preparation Method", Patent Application No. 93116405, "Nutrition Leaf Fertilizer", Patent Application No. 90107221 and so on. The closest to the present invention is "Nutrition-type leaf fertilizer", that is, the sprayed leaf fertilizer used in current production. "Nutritional Leaf Fertilizer" is a compound micro-fertilizer for spraying plant foliage. Is made of organic substances casein, fulvic acid, vitamin C, citric acid, urea, sucrose and zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, magnesium sulfate, copper sulfate, boric acid, ferrous sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate And so on. The micro-fertilizer contains both a certain amount of trace elements and organic matter. The fertilizer has been promoted and applied for many years in production, and has played a role in increasing agricultural production and income. It is also found in the application that the foliar fertilizer still has certain defects. First of all, the potential for increasing yield is limited. Generally, the yield increase is within 10%, and most of them hover around 5%. Second, the input-output ratio is relatively low. The average farmer's fertilizer cost per hectare is about 100 yuan, and the input-output ratio is between 1: 5--20. The third is that it cannot increase the cytoplasm concentration and promote cell division, and lacks the effects of drought resistance and disaster relief. Fourth, the crop quality cannot be improved after using this foliar fertilizer.

In the patent literature, Chinese patent application numbers such as 91106648, 90102813,

90100923, 89108747, 89103650, 88100472, 85103471, 86106655, etc. all disclose plant hormones and growth regulators and methods for producing the same. These plant hormones and plant growth regulators have a more or less yield-increasing effect on crops (or a certain type of crops), but often the application and application effect are relatively single, the quality of agricultural products cannot be guaranteed, and it is affected by geography and climate Large, production costs are high, the input-output ratio of application farmers is not high. Therefore, the development of high-yield, high-quality, and highly efficient agriculture is restricted to a certain extent. Disclosure of invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing micro-fertilizers and plant growth regulators, and to provide a plant with low cost and obvious yield increase effect, which can improve crop quality and be used for drought relief Extra-root nutrition spraying fertilizer and its application as plant nutrition fertilizer and plant growth regulation.

The invention relates to a spray fertilizer for extra-root nutrition. The spray fertilizer is mainly prepared from the following materials-chloroacetic acid 22-28%, sodium bicarbonate 25-28%, caustic soda 6-9% Fentanol 30. 3- 40%, borax 0.8-1.2%, zinc sulfate 1.5--2%, magnesium sulfate 1-1. 5%;

The preparation method is to dissolve chloroacetic acid, sodium bicarbonate, caustic soda, and peronaphthol in the above proportions in 3-10 times water, then put them into the reaction kettle to heat and keep stirring, when the temperature is heated to 90-110 ° C Incubate for 30-60 minutes, then cool to normal temperature within 3-5 minutes, add the above ratio of borax, zinc sulfate and magnesium sulfate, stir for 5-10 minutes, and then react for 20-30 minutes. Use phosphoric acid or The pH value of the sulfuric acid is adjusted to 6-7, and the product is obtained by centrifugal dewatering and drying. This product is a type I product.

As described in the above-mentioned extra-root nutritional spraying fertilizer, the composition of the raw material is preferably: 25.4% chloroacetic acid, 27.2% sodium bicarbonate, 7.26% caustic soda, 36% perinaphthol, 1% borax, Zinc sulfate 1.82%, magnesium sulfate 1.32%. The product obtained from this material composition is a type I preferred product.

In the above-mentioned extra-root nutrition spraying, 70-100 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is added per 100 g of the drying type I product, and the desired product is obtained after mixing. This product is a type II product.

The above-mentioned extra-nutrient spraying fertilizer was added to 88 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per 100 g of the dried type I product. This product is a type II preferred product.

In the above-mentioned extra-root nutrition spraying, 50-60 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 35-45 g of urea are added per 100 g of the dried type I product, and the desired product is obtained after mixing uniformly. This product is a Type III product.

For the above-mentioned extra-nutrient spray fertilizer, 55 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 40 g of urea were added to 100 g of the dried type I product. This product is a type III preferred product.

In addition, the present invention relates to an application method of spraying extra-nutrient fertilizer, applying 7. 5-120 g per hectare (type I products are applying 7. 5-60 g per hectare, and type II and type III products are applying 15- 120g) Spray the fertilizer with one of the above-mentioned extra-root nutrients, dissolve it by adding 25-50 grams of alcohol per gram or liquor at 48 ° or more, and add 750 kg of water per hectare. Stir and spray on the plant leaves .

At the same time, the invention also relates to the application of extra-root nutrition spraying fertilizer as a plant nutrition fertilizer and a plant growth regulator.

The product of the present invention has been measured by the Fertilizer Monitoring Center (Chengdu) of the Ministry of Agriculture, and the structural formula and molecular formula of various substances present in the product of the present invention have not been measured. The product is expressed as a percentage of effective ingredients.

The raw material ratio and the effective component content of the product are all based on weight percent. The purity of the raw material is over 98%, and all the raw materials used in the present invention can be purchased from chemical stores.

The reaction kettle of the main production equipment of the present invention is made of stainless steel. The reaction kettle has a double sandwich structure, and the sandwich can be heated by steam to maintain temperature, and can also be cooled by pouring cold water. The reaction kettle is equipped with an electric stirring device, and the size of the reaction kettle can be determined according to the production scale. Generally, the inner space is preferably from 0.1 to 1 cubic meter. Other equipment such as centrifuges and drying equipment are ordinary air-flow drying (pulverizing) equipment and can be purchased from the market.

The production process of spraying and applying the extra-root nutrition of the present invention is summarized as follows:

Metering → batching → stirring → reaction → cooling → re-feeding → re-reaction → suction filtration → crushing and drying → packaging The best way to realize the invention

Example 1:

Take 408 grams of sodium bicarbonate, 4080 grams with water, 381 grams with chloroacetic acid, 3810 grams with water, 540 grams of peronaphthol, 1620 grams with water, 108.9 grams of caustic soda, and 381 grams with water. Put it into the reaction kettle, heat up and keep stirring. When the temperature rises to 90-110 ° C, hold the reaction for 30-60 minutes, then quench it to normal temperature within 3-5 minutes, add 15 g of borax, and magnesium sulfate 19. 8 grams and 27.3 grams of zinc sulfate, stir for 5-10 minutes, react for 20-30 minutes, adjust the pH value with phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid 6-7, and then remove the water with a centrifuge at 80 ° C or less Drying and crushing to obtain 1000 g of type I product. This product contains 88% of active organic matter, 0.33% zinc, 0.001% manganese, 0.06% boron, 0.13% magnesium, 1-5% moisture, and the rest are impurities, PH6-7.

Example 2:

Take 408 grams of sodium bicarbonate, 4080 grams with water, 381 grams with chloroacetic acid, 3810 grams with water, 540 grams of peronaphthol, 1620 grams with water, 108.9 grams of caustic soda, and 381 grams with water. Put it into the reactor, heat up and keep stirring. When the temperature rises to 90-110 C, hold the reaction for 30-60 minutes, and then quickly cool to normal temperature within 3-5 minutes. Add 15 grams of borax and 19.8 grams of magnesium sulfate, respectively. And 27.3 grams of zinc sulfate, stir for 5-10 minutes, and react for 20-30 minutes, adjust the pH value of 6-7 with phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, remove the water with a centrifuge, and bake under 80 ° C Dry pulverization gave 1000 g of Type I product. In this 1000 g type I product, add 88 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per 100 g and mix well, and obtain the type II product by packaging. This product contains 61.7% of active organic matter, 5.12% of available phosphorus, 20.06% of effective potassium, 0.25 of zinc, 0.63% of boron, 0.08% of magnesium, 0.48% of molybdenum, and the rest are impurities. And moisture, PH6--7.

Example 3:

Take 408 grams of sodium bicarbonate, 4080 grams with water, 381 grams with chloroacetic acid, and 3810 grams with water. 540 grams of pernaphthol, 1620 grams with water, 108.9 grams with caustic soda, 381 grams with caustic soda, put the above four solutions into the reaction kettle, heat up and keep stirring, and wait for the temperature to rise to 90-110 ° C Reaction for 30-60 minutes, and then rapidly cooled to normal temperature within 3-5 minutes, adding 15 g of borax, 19.8 g of magnesium sulfate and 27.3 g of zinc sulfate, stirring for 5-10 minutes, and reacting for 20-30 minutes, Adjust the pH value to 6-7 with phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, and then remove the water with a centrifuge, then dry and pulverize at a temperature of not more than 80 ° C to obtain 1000 g of type I product. 55 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 40 grams of urea were added to each 100 grams of the 1000 grams of type I product, and the mixture was homogenized, and then packaged to obtain a type III product. This product contains 57.3% of active organic matter, 12.59% of effective phosphorus, 9.13% of effective potassium, 4.06% of nitrogen, 0.19% of zinc, 0.13% of molybdenum, 1.83% of magnesium, 0 08%, the rest is impurities and moisture, PH6-7.

The application period, application method and yield increase effect of the product of the present invention are as follows:

Crop dosage Application period and method Effect Yield-increasing effect Rice 1-2 tillers Jointing booting once each Increase effective seed setting rate and 1000-25% grain weight

Apply 1-2 tillers at jointing and booting once to increase the effective seed setting rate and 10-20% wheat

Grain weight

Maize 1 seedling stage, 1 pistil and silking stage, each application of 1 large rod and multiple grains full 15-30% times

1.5 Spraying once at the seedling stage to increase the seed setting rate to promote differentiation and fruit trees. 1. Root roots after transplantation. Fruits swell, increase yield, and increase by 20-40%. 1 Spring roots.

0. 5-2 Spraying once in each flowering period Content, high quality fruit

Tobacco 1. 5 After transplanting, 7 days after transplanting, the roots will be strong and the roots will be promoted. The leaves will be applied once at 20-30% of the peak period. The leaves are long, wide and thick.

1 3-5 leaf leaching roots at seedling stage are stout, strong resistance to stress, and less shedding. 1 Spraying leaves at full flowering stage, which promotes leaf growth and growth by 30-60%. 2 Spraying cotton peach leaves after blooming. Fiber, high quality.

Beans 0. 5 Foliar spraying once at the seedling stage Strong seedlings, improve the yield of beans and thousand 20-50% 0. 5-1 spray the fruit leaves after flowering 1-2 times Grain weight

1 spraying in the long and seedling period 2 times to promote stem and leaf growth, tuber 20-40%

1-2 tuber enlargement spraying 2 times enlargement

Sugarcane 0. 5-1 Spraying once at the jointing stage to promote the growth of stems and leaves, the sugarcane nodes are 20-30% thicker than sugar Beet 1-2 seedlings grow vigorously and roots are enlarged once each, which promotes root enlargement and increases sugar content by 20-40%

1 Spraying once at the bud opening stage. Seedlings are strong and the root system is developed. Increase rapeseed. 1-2 Spray again at the first blooming stage. Add branches to increase pod formation and 12-25% oil content.

0.5 Foliar spraying at the seedling stage 1 Strong seedlings and increased flower volume, increasing peanut 1 Foliar spraying at the full flowering stage 1 seed setting rate, full grain. 20-40%

1-2 Spray once during fruit swelling

Leafy vegetables are sprayed twice in the long and prolonged period of time every 7 days. The leaves grow fast and the leaves are thick. 30-60% Stem vegetable 1 Sprayed after transplanting to promote root growth 20-40%

1-2 stem enlargement spray 2 times every 7 days to promote stem enlargement

Root vegetables 1 spray once in the long term and strong 20-40%

1-2 stem enlargement spray 2 times every 7 days to promote stem enlargement

0.5 Foliar spraying at seedling stage 1 Strong seedlings promote root growth

Eggplant fruits 1- 2 spray the fruit leaves after flower blooming, the fruit quality is good 25-50%

2-3 spraying fruit leaves once in the middle fruit period to increase fruit yield

Lettuce 0. 25-size stalk enlargement, spray once each to promote root and leaf growth, leaf thickness, stem 20-35% 0.5 thick

Melon 0. 5 Foliar spraying once at seedling stage Developed roots, leafy 40-60%

1-2 Spray once in the middle and fruit period of flowering to increase the fruit setting rate, the fruit is large, and the quality is high. Tea 1 Spray once every 3 days after harvest to increase the germination rate, the leaf thickness is 30-60% thick

0.5 Transplantation of roots after root fixation promotes rooting and strong roots

Flowers 0.5 spray once every 15 days during growth

0. 75 Spray buds once after budding, long flowering period, bright color

Others 1-2 in the flowering stage at the seedling stage each reduce disease, increase yield,

Improve quality Note:

(1) The above-mentioned dosage is the dosage of the type I product of the present invention. The unit is grams per acre. The dosage per hectare is multiplied by 15. The dosage of the type II and III products of the present invention is doubled on the basis of the type I. (2) The application method is to dissolve the product of the present invention by adding 25-50 grams of alcohol or 48 ° or more liquor per gram during the application period of the relevant plants, and mix 750 kilograms of water per hectare with water, spray it on the plants after stirring evenly Foliage.

(3) The spraying time is best to be carried out 2-3 hours before dark. If it rains within 5-6 hours after spraying, it should be refilled in time.

(4) It can be mixed with acid pesticides, but it is strictly forbidden to be mixed with herbicides. Industrial applicability

The extra-root nutrition spray fertilizer of the present invention can be applied as a plant nutrition fertilizer and a plant growth regulator.

After spraying the product of the present invention, plants can improve the survival rate, promote crop germination and tillering, heading, dialing, growth, flower preservation, fruit preservation, drought resistance, cold resistance and other capabilities. In addition to the general effect of foliar fertilization, the product of the invention also has the following main advantages and effects:

1. Wide range of product applications

The extra-root nutritional spraying fertilizer of the present invention is based on capturing the basic common characteristics of plants, and thus can be widely applied to various plants. Including grains (rice, wheat, corn, potato), cotton, oil (rapeseed, peanuts, soybeans), various types of vegetables (leaf vegetables, stem vegetables, eggplant fruits, etc.), various fruits (including melons and fruits) , Tobacco leaves, sugar (cane, beet), flowers, etc.

2. Significant increase in production

Now through the large-scale, multi-ecological zone test demonstration, the spraying of extra-root nutrition of the present invention has a significant yield increase effect. Among them, rice, wheat, and corn increased yields by more than 10%, potatoes by 20%, rape by 15%, vegetables by 25%, fruits by 30%, cotton by 30%, and tobacco by 20%.

After testing by the Nanning Regional Agricultural Science Research Institute, the product of the present invention, Gaomeishi, 920, spray Shibao, and non-spray (control) were sprayed on the rice. The product of the present invention has an increase of 11.7% compared to the non-spray (control), an increase of 10.5% compared to the spraying of Bao Shibao, an increase of 9.3% compared to the 920, and an increase of 6.3% compared to Gaomeishi. The test on glass lettuce is that the product of the present invention has an increase of 20.7% over the control, an increase of 19.3% over Ai, an increase of 19.2% over Penshibao, and an increase of 15.85% over the rare earth animal plant. Increasing production by 7.6% compared to Gomez.

3. Increase the cytoplasmic concentration of crops, and the effect of drought relief is obvious

Spraying plants with the extra-root nutritional fertilizer of the present invention can increase cell cytoplasm concentration, plant cell wall thickness, and water retention while promoting cell division. Therefore, the extra-nutritional spray fertilization of the present invention has proven through practice that it has very obvious disaster reduction and disaster resistance effects against various natural disasters (wind, hail, and drought). (1) At 8:00 pm on July 9, 1997, Mianzhu County, Sichuan Province was hit by a storm and hail disaster, and crops were generally reduced in yield. After spraying the extra-root nutritional fertilizer of the present invention, rice lost 77.3 kg per mu. .

(2) —On October 24, 1997, the site acceptance inspection of the drought relief disaster for the application of the present invention ’s extra-root nutritional spray fertilization of 10,000 acres of sweet potatoes organized by the Agricultural and Industrial Commission of Deyang City, Sichuan Province showed that: By applying the extra-root nutrition spray fertilizer of the present invention, the yield increase effect of potato pieces can still reach 11.9 to 46.3% (vine weight increase of 18.7% to 42.9%). The unique role of the extra-root nutrition spraying fertilizer of the present invention in drought resistance and disaster relief is fully proved.

(3) In 1998, the Crop Research Institute of the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences conducted a drought resistance comparison test on wheat in the Zhongjiang arid area of Sichuan. The yield increase effect of the product of the present invention was 8. 81 percentage points higher than that of "Dryland Dragon".

4. It can effectively improve the division and differentiation of plant organ cells and tissues, and improve the quality of crops.

After spraying with external root nutrition and spraying fertilizer, plants can promote the division and differentiation of cells and tissues in a specific organ, and make gene transformation superior, thereby achieving the purpose of ensuring and improving the quality of agricultural products. As determined by the Food Quality Supervision and Inspection and Testing Center of the Ministry of Agriculture (Chengdu), compared to the non-spray application of the Shuza No. 6 rapeseed, the oil content was increased from 37. 78% to 40. 82%, and the oleic acid was increased from 48. 26% increased to 68.30%, erucic acid content decreased from 14.7% to 6.05%. Zhengza No. 5 watermelon variety, spraying the product of the present invention compared with non-spraying, the total soluble sugar increased from 7% to 7.6%, and the soluble solids increased from 8.3% to 8.5%, vitamin C by 5. 3mg / 100g increased to

5. 4mg / 100g, the crude fiber was reduced from 0, 07 to 0.06%.

5, less application, low cost, high input-output ratio

The current cost of micro-fertilizers and plant growth regulators sold on the market is: Power 2003 225-450 yuan / ha, love more than 112. 5-150 yuan / ha, Tainong high yield treasure 105-180 yuan / ha, Gaomei Application of 120-240 / ha, Lvfeng 95 75-150 yuan / ha, chlorophyll 112. 5-150 yuan / ha, 920 90 yuan / ha, spray Shibao 100 yuan / ha, and the product of the present invention is 36-108 Yuan / ha. Obviously, the cost per unit area of the product of the present invention is relatively low.

The extra-root nutrition spraying fertilizer of the present invention is that the application amount per hectare is generally between 15-45 grams, the cost is about 36-108 yuan / ha, and the input-output ratio is more between 1: 10-300. Although the cost of spraying Shibao is also about 100 yuan / ha, its input-output ratio is between 1: 5-20. Obviously, the product of the present invention has a much higher input-output ratio than Penshibao, and its economic and social benefits are very significant.

Claims

Rights request

1. A kind of extra root nutrition spraying fertilizer,

It is characterized in that the spraying fertilizer is mainly prepared by using the following composition as raw materials:

22-28% chloroacetic acid, 25-28% sodium bicarbonate, 6-9% caustic soda, 30.3-40% ethoxycol, 0.8-1.2% borax, 1.5-2% zinc sulfate, 1-1.5% magnesium sulfate;

The preparation method is to dissolve chloroacetic acid, sodium bicarbonate, caustic soda and peronaphthol in the proportions of 3-10 times in water, and then put them into the reaction kettle to heat and keep stirring, when the temperature is heated to 90-110 Ό Hold the reaction for 30-60 minutes, then cool to normal temperature within 3-5 minutes, add the above ratio of borax, zinc sulfate and magnesium sulfate, stir for 5-10 minutes and then react for 20-30 minutes, adjust with phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid PH value is 6-7, and then centrifuged to remove water and dry to obtain the mouth

2. The extra-root nutritional spray fertilization according to claim 1,

It is characterized in that the composition of the raw materials is: chloroacetic acid 25.4%, sodium bicarbonate 27.2%, caustic soda 7.26%, ethoxycin 36%, borax 1%, zinc sulfate 1.82%, and magnesium sulfate 1.32%.

3. The extra-root nutritional spray fertilization according to claim 1,

It is characterized in that 70-100 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is added per 100 g of the dried product, and the desired product is obtained after mixing uniformly.

4. The extra-root nutritional spray fertilization according to claim 3,

It is characterized by adding 88 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per 100 g of the dried product.

5. The extra-root nutritional spray fertilization according to claim 1,

It is characterized in that 50-60 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 35-45 g of urea are added per 100 g of the dried product, and the desired product is obtained after mixing.

6. The extra-root nutritional spray fertilization according to claim 5,

It is characterized by adding 55 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 40 g of urea to every 100 g of the dried product.

7.—Application method of extra-nutrient spray fertilizer,

It is characterized in that 7.5-120 grams of one of the claims 1 to 6 of the extra-root nutritional spray fertilizer is applied per hectare, and 25-50 grams of alcohol or 48 ° or more of liquor is dissolved per gram, and water is applied at 750 per hectare. Kilogram, stir and spray on the leaves of plants.

The use of the extra-root nutritional spraying fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 6 as a plant nutrition fertilizer and a plant growth regulator.