WO1998034073B1 - Water heating unit with integral thermal energy storage - Google Patents
Water heating unit with integral thermal energy storageInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998034073B1 WO1998034073B1 PCT/US1998/001730 US9801730W WO9834073B1 WO 1998034073 B1 WO1998034073 B1 WO 1998034073B1 US 9801730 W US9801730 W US 9801730W WO 9834073 B1 WO9834073 B1 WO 9834073B1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- phase change
- change material
- water heater
- water
- heating element
- Prior art date
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 12
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims 4
- -1 alkyl hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Abstract
The present invention is directed to a water heater which comprises a phase change material (46) having a latent heat greater than the sensible heat of liquid water; a heating element (26) for heating said phase change material; a heat exchange unit (22) which contains said phase change material (46); and a plurality of heat exchange tubes (44) positioned in said heat exchange unit (22), said tubes (44) in heat transfer relation to said phase change material (46) so that heat stored in said phase change material (46) can be transferred to the water.
Claims
AMENDED CLAIMS
[received by the Intemational Bureau on 17 July 1998 (17.07.98); original claims 2, 3, 7-9, 13, 14, 21 and 22 cancelled; original claims 1, 15, 17 and 19 amended; remaining claims unchanged (3 pages)]
1. A water heater for heating water comprising: a phase change material having a thermal energy capacity of at least about 25 cal/g and having a freezing/melting temperature from about 15° C to abut 100° C; a source of water; a heating element for heating the water from said source; a heat exchange unit which contains said phase change material; and a plurality of heat exchange tubes positioned in said heat exchange unit with said phase change material located between and around said heat exchange tubes to substantially fill any spaces between said heat exchange tubes, said tubes being in heat transfer relation to said phase change material and in fluid connection with said source of water so that the water heated by said heating element flows through said tubes and heats said phase change material and thereafter the heat stored in said phase change material can be transferred through said tubes to water flowing therethrough.
4. The water heater of claim 1 wherein said heating element is an electrical resistance heating element suitable for use with a direct current power source .
5. The water heater of claim 1 wherein said heating element is an electrical resistance heating element suitable for use with a alternating current power source .
6. The water heater of claim 1 wherein the heat exchange tubes are positioned substantially vertically in said water heater above said heating element to permit upward flow of heated water by a thermo-siphon process.
23
10. The water heater of claim 1 further including a shell having an exterior surface, the heating element and the heat exchange unit being enclosed in the shell , and a layer of insulation on the exterior surface of the shell.
11. The water heater of claim 1 wherein said insulation has an "R" value of at least about 10.
12. The water heater of claim 1 wherein said insulation is vacuum panel insulation having an "R" value of at least about 25 per inch of thickness-
15. The water heater of claim 1 wherein said phase change material is melt mix polymer comprising a phase change material, a poiyolefin, an ethylene copolymer and silica particles.
16. The water heater of claim 15 wherein said melt mix polymer comprises, by weight of total composition, about 60% phase change material, from about 16% to about 22% poiyolefin, from about 8% to about 12% ethylene copolymer, and from about 8% to about 16% silica particles.
17. The water heater of claim 1 wherein said phase change material is selected from the group consisting of linear crystalline alkyl hydrocarbons, crystalline fatty acids, crystalline fatty acid esters, crystalline 1-ole ins, crystalline 1-halides, crystalline primary alcohols, crystalline alicyclic hydrocarbons, and crystalline aromatic hydrocarbons .
18. The water heater of claim 17 wherein said phase change material further includes from about 5 wt . % to about 35 wt. % of a hydrophilic or hydrophobic silica.
24
19. The water heater of claim 1 wherein said phase change material is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol; polyethylene oxide having a molecular weight of at least about 50,000 .w.u. ; and a polymer blend comprising a polyethylene glycol and polyethylene oxide having a molecular weight of at least about 50,000 m.w.u.
20. The water heater of claim 19 wherein said phase change material further comprises a hydrophilic or hydrophobic silica from about 5 wt . % to about 35 wt. % of the phase change material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU61374/98A AU6137498A (en) | 1997-01-30 | 1998-01-29 | Water heating unit with integral thermal energy storage |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/791,001 | 1997-01-30 | ||
| US08/791,001 US6047106A (en) | 1997-01-30 | 1997-01-30 | Water heating unit with integral thermal energy storage |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1998034073A1 WO1998034073A1 (en) | 1998-08-06 |
| WO1998034073B1 true WO1998034073B1 (en) | 1998-09-11 |
Family
ID=25152366
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1998/001730 WO1998034073A1 (en) | 1997-01-30 | 1998-01-29 | Water heating unit with integral thermal energy storage |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6047106A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU6137498A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1998034073A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (62)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6047106A (en) * | 1997-01-30 | 2000-04-04 | Salyer; Ival O. | Water heating unit with integral thermal energy storage |
| US6493507B2 (en) | 1997-01-30 | 2002-12-10 | Ival O. Salyer | Water heating unit with integral thermal energy storage |
| DE29910816U1 (en) * | 1999-06-22 | 2000-07-13 | Wismeth, Wolfgang, 90765 Fürth | Device for the disinfection of aqueous solutions |
| US6793856B2 (en) | 2000-09-21 | 2004-09-21 | Outlast Technologies, Inc. | Melt spinable concentrate pellets having enhanced reversible thermal properties |
| US7244497B2 (en) | 2001-09-21 | 2007-07-17 | Outlast Technologies, Inc. | Cellulosic fibers having enhanced reversible thermal properties and methods of forming thereof |
| US7160612B2 (en) * | 2000-09-21 | 2007-01-09 | Outlast Technologies, Inc. | Multi-component fibers having enhanced reversible thermal properties and methods of manufacturing thereof |
| US6689466B2 (en) | 2000-09-21 | 2004-02-10 | Outlast Technologies, Inc. | Stable phase change materials for use in temperature regulating synthetic fibers, fabrics and textiles |
| US6855422B2 (en) * | 2000-09-21 | 2005-02-15 | Monte C. Magill | Multi-component fibers having enhanced reversible thermal properties and methods of manufacturing thereof |
| TWI261640B (en) * | 2001-01-25 | 2006-09-11 | Outlast Technologies Inc | Coated articles having enhanced reversible thermal properties and exhibiting improved flexibility, softness, air permeability, or water vapor transport properties |
| US9434869B2 (en) | 2001-09-21 | 2016-09-06 | Outlast Technologies, LLC | Cellulosic fibers having enhanced reversible thermal properties and methods of forming thereof |
| US7096929B2 (en) * | 2002-03-29 | 2006-08-29 | Leading Technology Designs, Inc. | PCM (phase change material) system and method for shifting peak electrical load |
| WO2004030452A2 (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2004-04-15 | Nanopore, Inc. | Device for providing microclimate control |
| US7048143B2 (en) | 2003-04-16 | 2006-05-23 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Container and cartridge for dispensing paper products |
| CN100347488C (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2007-11-07 | 华南理工大学 | Critical heat accumulating heat pump water heater |
| WO2006029463A1 (en) * | 2004-09-14 | 2006-03-23 | Inform Energy Pty Ltd | Heat exchanger improvements |
| US7301465B2 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2007-11-27 | Tengshe Vishwas V | Drowsy driving alarm system |
| CA2604047C (en) * | 2005-04-13 | 2013-11-05 | Jim Shaikh | Self-heating fluid connector and self-heating fluid container |
| WO2007121480A2 (en) * | 2006-04-18 | 2007-10-25 | Medivance Incorporated | Apparatus and method for cooling liquid in intravascular cooling system |
| US9333112B2 (en) | 2007-04-12 | 2016-05-10 | Medivance Incorporated | Sorption-based adhesive contact cooling apparatus and method |
| GB0708420D0 (en) * | 2007-05-01 | 2007-06-06 | Heat Energy And Associated Tec | A Hybrid thermal store |
| US7641812B2 (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2010-01-05 | Alderman Robert J | Thermal insulation with thin phase change layer |
| US8844513B2 (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2014-09-30 | John Stock LaMunyon, III | Apparatus, system and method for heating a ventilation system |
| FR2942310A1 (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2010-08-20 | Yann Kaplan | Thermal energy accumulator for e.g. solar-water heater, has material formed by mixture of waxes that are miscible, so that material has point whose temperature is comprised between temperature of other points |
| US8426736B2 (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2013-04-23 | The Invention Science Fund I Llc | Maintaining insulators in power transmission systems |
| US8174270B2 (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2012-05-08 | The Invention Science Fund I, Llc | Systems and methods for assessing standoff capabilities of in-service power line insulators |
| US8692537B2 (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2014-04-08 | The Invention Science Fund I, Llc | Use pairs of transformers to increase transmission line voltage |
| US8456168B2 (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2013-06-04 | The Invention Science Fund I Llc | Systems and methods for testing the standoff capability of an overhead power transmission line |
| US20110011621A1 (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2011-01-20 | Searete Llc, A Limited Liability Corporation Of The State Of Delaware | Smart link coupled to power line |
| WO2011046940A1 (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2011-04-21 | Tegrant Diversified Brands | Thermally-controlled packaging device and method of making |
| US8726663B2 (en) * | 2010-01-05 | 2014-05-20 | General Electric Company | Combined cycle system employing phase change material |
| EP2369288A1 (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2011-09-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Energy transfer system comprising a phase change material |
| JP2013526306A (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2013-06-24 | オットー・ボック・ヘルスケア・ゲーエムベーハー | Equipment for temperature drop |
| KR101010525B1 (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2011-01-25 | 국방과학연구소 | Cooling apparatus for high temperature fluid, air vehicle having same and cooling method for high temperature fluid |
| DK2613748T3 (en) | 2010-09-10 | 2019-01-07 | Medivance Inc | COOLING MEDICAL CUSHION |
| US9622907B2 (en) | 2010-09-10 | 2017-04-18 | Medivance Incorporated | Cooling medical pad |
| US8887672B2 (en) | 2010-10-04 | 2014-11-18 | General Electric Company | Water heater containing a phase change material |
| GB2485798B (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2014-06-25 | Zenex Technologies Ltd | A heater |
| US20110083827A1 (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-04-14 | Salyer Ival O | Cooling system with integral thermal energy storage |
| US20110081134A1 (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-04-07 | Salyer Ival O | Water heating unit with integral thermal energy storage |
| US20110083459A1 (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-04-14 | Salyer Ival O | Heat exchanger with integral phase change material for heating and cooling applications |
| US20130071716A1 (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2013-03-21 | General Electric Company | Thermal management device |
| US9002185B2 (en) | 2012-04-09 | 2015-04-07 | David Kreutzman | PV water heating system |
| US10571135B2 (en) | 2012-04-09 | 2020-02-25 | David Kreutzman | Renewable energy hot water heater with heat pump |
| US20130266295A1 (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2013-10-10 | David Kreutzman | Hybrid Gas-Electric Hot Water Heater |
| US8909033B2 (en) | 2012-04-09 | 2014-12-09 | David Kreutzman | Control systems for renewable hot water heating systems |
| US8977117B2 (en) | 2012-04-09 | 2015-03-10 | David Kreutzman | Renewable energy hot water heating elements |
| US9453658B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2016-09-27 | David Kreutzman | Micro-grid PV system |
| USD685916S1 (en) | 2012-11-26 | 2013-07-09 | Medivance Incorporated | Medical cooling pad |
| FR3014183B1 (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2019-05-17 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | THERMAL EXCHANGER, IN PARTICULAR FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME, AND USE OF A MATERIAL WITH A PHASE CHANGE ASSOCIATED WITH IT |
| FR3024534B1 (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2019-03-22 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE BY PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL AND STORAGE METHOD THEREOF |
| ES2952600T3 (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2023-11-02 | Medivance Inc | Medical thermotherapy pad |
| FR3041090B1 (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-09-01 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | THERMAL STORAGE EXCHANGE BEAM FOR THERMAL STORAGE BATTERY COMPRISING TUBES AND METHOD FOR CLOSING TUBES |
| JP6434889B2 (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2018-12-05 | 東邦瓦斯株式会社 | Method for detecting leakage of heat storage material in heat storage tank and heat storage tank |
| GB201522732D0 (en) | 2015-12-23 | 2016-02-03 | Castrol Ltd | Apparatus |
| US10443890B2 (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2019-10-15 | Benjamin Thomas KNOPP | Water heater with thermally isolating preheater and method of use |
| FR3048494B1 (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2018-03-02 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE BY PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL INCLUDING AN INTEGRATED ELECTRICAL CHARGE IN THE CIRCUIT OF THE HEAT TRANSFER FLUID |
| FR3072765B1 (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2020-07-24 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | DEVICE FOR REHEATING A FLUID CIRCULATING IN A PIPING AND THERMAL INSTALLATION INCLUDING SUCH A DEVICE |
| CN109990470A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 | Water heater and its control method |
| CN113028857A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2021-06-25 | 开利公司 | Heat exchanger and heat exchange system including the same |
| CN111578518A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-08-25 | 江苏建筑职业技术学院 | Phase-change energy-storage heat exchange device |
| US12241570B2 (en) | 2021-07-07 | 2025-03-04 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Negative pressure connector seal |
| WO2024076896A1 (en) * | 2022-10-04 | 2024-04-11 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Low heat loss latent heat battery |
Family Cites Families (28)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US34880A (en) * | 1862-04-08 | Perley t | ||
| GB398927A (en) * | 1932-04-05 | 1933-09-28 | Archibald Andrew Henry Douglas | Method of and means for the storage of heat |
| US2911513A (en) * | 1956-05-02 | 1959-11-03 | Jet Heet Inc | Heat storage water heater |
| US3401682A (en) * | 1965-09-16 | 1968-09-17 | Linde Ag | Regenerative tube-bundle heat exchanger having screw-like flat-tened tubes helicallywound in spaced-apart relationship |
| DE1579845A1 (en) * | 1966-12-07 | 1970-12-03 | Bertrams Ag Hch | Electric after-current storage heating |
| US3485216A (en) * | 1968-11-06 | 1969-12-23 | Comstock & Wescott | Vapor generator |
| US4182398A (en) | 1977-04-04 | 1980-01-08 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Crosslinked crystalline polymer and methods for cooling and heating |
| GB2035764A (en) * | 1978-11-22 | 1980-06-18 | Mars Ltd | Electric water heater |
| IT1162348B (en) * | 1979-07-12 | 1987-03-25 | Euratom | INTEGRATED SYSTEM FOR HEAT EXCHANGE AND STORAGE OF THERMAL ENERGY THROUGH LOW TEMPERATURE THERMOCHEMICAL REACTIONS |
| US4617332A (en) * | 1984-08-31 | 1986-10-14 | University Of Dayton | Phase change compositions |
| US4797160A (en) * | 1984-08-31 | 1989-01-10 | University Of Dayton | Phase change compositions |
| US4825939A (en) * | 1984-08-31 | 1989-05-02 | The University Of Dayton | Polymeric compositions incorporating polyethylene glycol as a phase change material |
| FR2570476A1 (en) * | 1984-09-18 | 1986-03-21 | British Petroleum Co | Heat accumulator using latent heat of phase change |
| US5106520A (en) * | 1985-11-22 | 1992-04-21 | The University Of Dayton | Dry powder mixes comprising phase change materials |
| US5053446A (en) * | 1985-11-22 | 1991-10-01 | University Of Dayton | Polyolefin composites containing a phase change material |
| US5254380A (en) * | 1985-11-22 | 1993-10-19 | University Of Dayton | Dry powder mixes comprising phase change materials |
| US4711813A (en) * | 1985-11-22 | 1987-12-08 | University Of Dayton | Polyethylene composites containing a phase change material having a C14 straight chain hydrocarbon |
| JPS647045A (en) * | 1987-06-30 | 1989-01-11 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
| US4964402A (en) * | 1988-08-17 | 1990-10-23 | Royce Medical Company | Orthopedic device having gel pad with phase change material |
| US5075343A (en) * | 1989-11-16 | 1991-12-24 | Blount David H | Flame-retardant polyurethane foam utilizing boric acid |
| US5211949A (en) * | 1990-01-09 | 1993-05-18 | University Of Dayton | Dry powder mixes comprising phase change materials |
| US5387780A (en) * | 1993-09-23 | 1995-02-07 | Edwin J. Riley | Microwave hot water heating system |
| US6221456B1 (en) | 1994-07-26 | 2001-04-24 | Louis August Pogorski | Thermal insulation |
| US5694515A (en) * | 1995-01-09 | 1997-12-02 | The University Of Florida | Contact resistance-regulated storage heater for fluids |
| US5687706A (en) | 1995-04-25 | 1997-11-18 | University Of Florida | Phase change material storage heater |
| US5565132A (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1996-10-15 | The University Of Dayton | Thermoplastic, moldable, non-exuding phase change materials |
| US5950450A (en) | 1996-06-12 | 1999-09-14 | Vacupanel, Inc. | Containment system for transporting and storing temperature-sensitive materials |
| US6047106A (en) * | 1997-01-30 | 2000-04-04 | Salyer; Ival O. | Water heating unit with integral thermal energy storage |
-
1997
- 1997-01-30 US US08/791,001 patent/US6047106A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-01-29 AU AU61374/98A patent/AU6137498A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-01-29 WO PCT/US1998/001730 patent/WO1998034073A1/en active Application Filing
-
2000
- 2000-02-21 US US09/507,584 patent/US6463212B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| WO1998034073B1 (en) | Water heating unit with integral thermal energy storage | |
| US6047106A (en) | Water heating unit with integral thermal energy storage | |
| US6493507B2 (en) | Water heating unit with integral thermal energy storage | |
| US5884006A (en) | Rechargeable phase change material unit and food warming device | |
| US6108489A (en) | Food warning device containing a rechargeable phase change material | |
| EP0597594A2 (en) | Purifying and energy-saving water fountain capable of supplying icy, warm and hot distilled water | |
| WO1998004874A1 (en) | A water heater and storage tank | |
| EP0715391B1 (en) | Environmentally controlled high power high frequency transmission cable for reductive charger | |
| CN107621186A (en) | A hot water rapid cooling module and device based on phase change materials | |
| US4082143A (en) | Solar energy | |
| CA1081935A (en) | Heat store and installation for the utilisation of solar energy | |
| CN101344276A (en) | Phase change heat storage plate | |
| CN102942904B (en) | Paraffin-felt phase-changing composite heat storage material and heat storage device thereof | |
| IE842862L (en) | Liquid heating system | |
| CN108728047A (en) | Purposes of the cetylamine as phase-changing energy storage material | |
| CN2133807Y (en) | Heat-storing tube type solar-energy focusing piece | |
| CN107621187B (en) | Hot water quick cooling module and device based on phase change material | |
| JPH0823449B2 (en) | Heat storage type electric hot water / steam generator | |
| JP2003240465A (en) | Latent heat storage device | |
| WO2008009047A1 (en) | Heat storage device | |
| CN217383742U (en) | High efficiency melting equipment | |
| JP2000063815A (en) | Heat storage method and heat storage device using the same | |
| CN212692639U (en) | A Novel Concentric Tube Simultaneous Phase Change Heat Storage and Release Device | |
| JPS56146954A (en) | Water heater utilizing solar heat | |
| CN2672555Y (en) | High density energy storage type electric heating life water device without inner bladder |