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WO1996018354A2 - Instrument permettant de former des cavites dans des os - Google Patents

Instrument permettant de former des cavites dans des os Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1996018354A2
WO1996018354A2 PCT/DE1995/001829 DE9501829W WO9618354A2 WO 1996018354 A2 WO1996018354 A2 WO 1996018354A2 DE 9501829 W DE9501829 W DE 9501829W WO 9618354 A2 WO9618354 A2 WO 9618354A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
thread
tool
bone
flanks
screw
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1995/001829
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO1996018354A3 (fr
Inventor
Roland Streckbein
Original Assignee
Roland Streckbein
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE4444856A external-priority patent/DE4444856A1/de
Priority claimed from DE1995128242 external-priority patent/DE19528242A1/de
Application filed by Roland Streckbein filed Critical Roland Streckbein
Priority to EP95942029A priority Critical patent/EP0764007A1/fr
Priority to AU43264/96A priority patent/AU4326496A/en
Priority to DE29522073U priority patent/DE29522073U1/de
Publication of WO1996018354A2 publication Critical patent/WO1996018354A2/fr
Publication of WO1996018354A3 publication Critical patent/WO1996018354A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
    • A61C8/0022—Self-screwing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0089—Implanting tools or instruments

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for preparing cavities in the bone cancellous bone for receiving bone implants.
  • Devices of this type have hitherto only been known in the form of drills, scraping elements or taps.
  • the present application also, to the extent permitted by the national patent laws, relates to a method for preparing cavities in the bone cancellous bone for receiving bone implants and for inserting such implants.
  • the present invention also relates to a jaw implant for anchoring dentures in the jaw bone, comprising a screw with a head for connecting dentures to the implant, and a threaded section, the thread having asymmetrical flanks and a lower one, the head of the screw away thread flank in the average measured over the flank length in axial section with the screw axis encloses a larger angle than the upper thread flank facing the head of the screw.
  • a jaw implant for anchoring dentures in the jaw bone comprising a screw with a head for connecting dentures to the implant, and a threaded section, the thread having asymmetrical flanks and a lower one, the head of the screw away thread flank in the average measured over the flank length in axial section with the screw axis encloses a larger angle than the upper thread flank facing the head of the screw.
  • a common method for the preparation of corresponding cavities consists in first drilling a substantially cylindrical or slightly conical hole and then cutting a suitable thread into this drilled cavity, the implant to be inserted later also having the same thread and being able to be screwed into the bone cavity. In this way you try to achieve at least a certain initial stability.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a tool and a method for preparing cavities in the bone cancellous bone for the admission of bone implants, which results in the result that implants used later improved imprestability and thus in general also have better durability.
  • the tool has a preferably slightly conical threaded part and a head for rotating the tool, the outer Envelope surface of the threaded part, in particular its possible taper, the shape and inclination of the thread flanks of the threaded part, the transition radii between adjacent thread flanks and the surface quality of the threaded part are geared primarily to displacing the wall material of the bone cavity radially outwards in order to minimize the amount of bone material to ablate.
  • the corresponding method is characterized in that a pilot hole is first made in the bone material and that the walls of the pilot hole are then not or not significantly removed with a suitable tool, but are essentially radially displaced.
  • the receiving bore is preferably brought to a dimension which is 80% to 95% of the diameter of the implant to be inserted.
  • the inventor of the present invention has found that the low primary stability of previous implants apparently relates to the fact that too much bone material is removed from the cavity. It does not help if the cavity is deliberately made significantly smaller and narrower than the implant to be inserted later. On the one hand, this is dangerous because the implant that is forcibly screwed into a cavity that is too narrow can possibly lead to cracks, breaks or other damage to the bone or cannot be screwed completely into the cavity, and on the other hand, even if an implant is used a tight or tight fit is introduced into a corresponding receiving cavity, the wall material is damaged, that is to say bone cells are damaged or destroyed, which under certain circumstances has an even more disadvantageous effect on the durability of the implant than an initial clearance fit.
  • the solution to this problem according to the invention consists in a tool which is designed from the outset in such a way that it does not remove any material from the bone walls, but at the same time also damages the wall material of the receiving opening as little as possible, but essentially only pushes and compresses radially outwards.
  • Implants that are not used in a press fit in such prepared mounting holes achieve surprisingly good primary stability. This was specifically demonstrated using jaw implants, which can be used to anchor artificial teeth or bit parts in a person's jaw.
  • Implants that have been prepared and inserted with the appropriate preparation tools can be loaded within a very short time, i.e. after one to two days in the context of normal use, and reach their full stability and ultimate load capacity after only two weeks. There is a presumption that this is due to the fact that the Radial displacement and compression of the bone cells in the wall layers of a cavity, insofar as they are still intact, also remain largely undamaged and very quickly form the structures corresponding to the loads and conditions at this boundary layer, which at the same time leads to anchoring of the implant
  • the conicity of the threaded part should preferably not be too large, since then the thread forms only a slight hold or has to be cut comparatively deep, which in turn favors the removal of bone material, which should be avoided as far as possible.
  • the cone angle y measured between the axis of the threaded part and an envelope of the thread ridges, should therefore be less than 5 °, preferably at most 2 °.
  • the thread flanks themselves should also run predominantly steep, i.e. they should enclose an angle of less than 50 ° with the axis over at least the majority of their length.Furthermore, the thread burr between adjacent thread turns should not be sharp-edged but rounded off with a radius that is typical can be on the order of 0.1 mm.
  • the radius in the base of the thread is preferably at least 1 mm.
  • the thread flanks can either run straight, as seen in a section containing the axis, and should then be connected to the thread base over a radius of at least 0.5 mm, but they can also have a concave curvature. In the latter case, a variant of the invention is preferred in which the thread flank section adjoining a thread burr has a smaller radius of curvature than the flank section adjoining a thread burr.
  • the first radius could be on the order of 1 mm, the second on the order of 2 mm.
  • the tool according to the invention is preferably made of stainless steel or a surface-treated steel, in contrast to the implants themselves, which usually consist of titanium or a titanium alloy. If, however, such titles To design materials on the surface so that when screwing or inserting them into a prepared bore, the bone material is essentially only pushed radially away, titanium can of course also be used for such a tool.
  • the invention also includes those tool variants which consist of a material which is compatible with the body and in this respect remain in the bone cavity as an implant or implant carrier after the cavity has been produced or prepared.
  • a multi-part jaw implant is already known in the prior art, in the screw part of which the upper thread flank, measured on average over its axial length, forms a significantly smaller angle with the axis of the screw than the lower thread flank.
  • the thread burr is relatively sharp-edged and has only a small radius, and the thread has a relatively large depth, i.e. the difference between the distance of a thread burr from the screw axis and the closest lowest point of a thread base to the screw axis is large and is approximately in the order of 20% of the largest radius of the screw.
  • This thread depth is directly related to the inclination of the thread flanks and their axial length. The greater the inclination of the thread flanks and the greater their axial length, the deeper the root of the thread or the closer the root of the thread is to the axis compared to the distance of the thread from the axis.
  • Such primary stability-optimized implants can be loaded immediately without waiting, in particular if the receiving cavity has been prepared with the tool according to the invention and according to the corresponding method.
  • the jaw implant according to the invention has the advantage over conventional jaw implants that the bone material is essentially only pushed away and compressed in the radial direction and that there is no compression in the axial direction. At the same time, this results in extremely favorable primary stability and the overall thread shape also guarantees very good long-term stability, since no bone structures are cut during the screwing process, as is the case with all previous screw shapes.
  • Angles of the order of 10 ° are preferred for the upper flank.
  • the angle which the lower thread flank forms with the screw axis can be significantly larger and in any case be over 60 °, preferably over 75 ° and particularly preferably over 80 °.
  • the axial length of the upper thread flanks is also significantly greater than that of the lower thread flanks.
  • the ratio of the axial length of these thread flanks should be at least 2, preferably at least 4. If the lower thread flanks run at an angle of 90 ° to the axis of the screw, the axial length of the lower thread flank even drops to the value 0.
  • the thread depth should preferably not be more than 20%, preferably not more than 15%. However, this value also depends on the respective radius of the screw, this radius gradually decreasing from head to tip in the case of conical screws, so that the above-mentioned ratio relates primarily to the ridge closest to the head of the screw and the thread base closest to it .
  • the thread burrs are preferably rounded off by sandblasting, to a radius well below 1 mm, preferably below 0.3 mm, for example 0.1 mm.
  • the thread depth is also below a value of 20%.
  • the thread flanks of the jaw implant viewed in axial section, run essentially straight, enclose an angle of essentially 90 ° with one another and the angle that the upper thread flank has with the axis of the screw encloses, is approximately 9 °, so that the angle which the lower thread flank forms with the screw axis is approximately 81 °. Deviations of the aforementioned angles, also in relation to each other, still result in implants with excellent properties.
  • the depth of the thread based on the largest radius of the thread burr, is approximately 15% or less and based on the pitch of the thread approximately 18% or less.
  • the screw surface is preferably designed in such a way that it has little friction with respect to bone material, that is to say it slides easily over the bone material and then displaces it according to the inclination of the thread flanks.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of the tool according to the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a section of the threaded part in an axial section.
  • Figure 3 is a jaw implant, partially in section and
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged section of an axial sectional view of the
  • FIG. 1 the tool designated as a whole, which consists of one head 2 and a threaded part 3, with an intermediate piece which is designed as a stop 4.
  • this stop 4 can also be replaced by a correspondingly slimmer, tapered neck section
  • the head 2 is designed as a square and thus enables the engagement or clamping of an actuating tool by means of which the preparation tool 1 is rotated
  • the threaded part 1 is slightly conical, the cone angle y, measured between the axis 8 and an envelope of the threaded section, being approximately 2 °.
  • This cone angle can expediently be between 0 and 5 °
  • the thread flanks are formed together with the thread base as a concave arc with two different smoothly merging radii.
  • the radius r1 of the concave curvature of this thread flank 5 is significantly smaller than the radius of curvature of the flank section adjoining it downwards and lying above the next thread burr 6 Specifically, the radius r1 can be 1 to 2 mm, while the radius r2 is typically in the range of 2 to 5 mm.
  • the thread burrs 7 themselves have an albeit small curvature and are not designed with sharp edges.
  • the radius of curvature of the thread ridges 7 is of the order of 0.1 mm.
  • the surface of the threaded part 3 is made with very tight tolerances and is as smooth as possible, so that it slides as well as possible on the bone material in a receiving bore, but, because of the conically increasing radius, it pushes the bone material radially outwards. It should be noted that the tool could only be conical in one front area and cylindrical in the rest
  • the tool according to the invention is used according to the following and surprisingly effective method.
  • a hole is made in the bone, the diameter of which, at a given depth, is up to 30% smaller than the diameter of the implants to be inserted therein at the same depth.
  • the density of the cancellous bone material is examined and analyzed either visually or by sampling, whereby this can also be done beforehand independently of the drilling. If the bone density is relatively high, the bore can be expanded by 10, 20 or 25%, so that with very dense bone material the difference between the preparation tool and the bore is only 5% of the diameter measured at the same axial height.
  • the implant to be finally inserted also has such a threaded section, which preferably has exactly the same dimensions as the threaded part of the preparation tool.
  • the preparation tool itself can also serve as an implant or as an implant carrier if it is made from a material which is compatible with tissue and is otherwise adapted to the desired shape.
  • the tool according to the invention is then screwed into the receiving opening and in the process urges the bone material on the wall of the receiving bore radially outward without seriously damaging it. Then either the tool remains as an implant carrier in the receiving cavity or, which is preferred, it is replaced by an implant which has a threaded part whose outer shape essentially matches the thread shape of the tool, but without necessarily the smooth and possibly polished surface to have, so that the tight fit in the receiving cavity is better guaranteed.
  • corresponding implants of identical size are also to be provided for implants of different sizes, each of these tools expediently also being assigned one or more drills which have diameters in 5% increments that are 5 to 30% smaller than the tool diameter in corresponding axial positions.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 the individual components of the implant are identified by similar reference numbers as the corresponding parts of the associated tool, but the reference numbers of the implant are each provided with a dash (').
  • FIG. 3 shows the jaw implant 1 ', which is shown partly in section, with a head 2' which is only partially recognizable, a tapered neck section 4 'and a threaded section 3'.
  • the individual threads have lower flanks 5 'and upper flanks 6'. These run essentially straight in the axial section, the threaded section being somewhat tapered overall and the cone angle y defined in the main application being between 2 ° and 5 °.
  • the flanks can also be curved in a similar or the same way as that of the tool.
  • a variant is preferred in which the tool thread and implant thread are of identical design (in terms of size and shape), with the exception of the upper thread flank 6 'which is running straight in the implant.
  • the straight upper flank 6 ' gives the implant a slightly larger volume than the tool, so that when the implant is inserted a slight compression of the bone takes place again and the implant is firmly seated.
  • the lower tip of the threaded section tapers again with a cone angle of 90 °.
  • the thread depth t is, in relation to the radius R 1 of a thread burr, in the order of 15 °, it having to be taken into account that the radius R. of the thread burr is continuously reduced from the head due to the conical shape of the outer contour of the thread and insofar as the thread depth t also changes the ratio of the thread depth t to the radius R 1 .
  • the absolute value of the thread depth t is defined by the difference between the radii R. and R 2 , where R 2 denotes the smallest radius of the thread root immediately next to a thread burr.
  • FIG. 3 also contains detailed dimensions for a specific exemplary embodiment, although the jaw implants usually have to be kept available in different, graduated sizes in order to be able to make an individual selection for a patient.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé permettant de former des cavités dans un tissu osseux spongieux, conçues pour loger un implant osseux. L'invention vise à créer un instrument approprié, permettant d'accroître la stabilité primaire des implants utilisés ultérieurement et en général d'améliorer ainsi leur durée de vie. A cet effet, cet instrument présente une partie filetée (3), de préférence légèrement conique, et une tête (2) servant à la rotation de l'instrument (1). La surface enveloppante de la partie filetée, notamment sa forme pratiquement conique, la forme et l'inclinaison des flancs de filet, les rayons de transition entre les flancs de filet adjacents et la structure superficielle de la partie filetée (3) sont conçus de façon à repousser le matériau des parois de la cavité osseuse principalement vers l'extérieur dans le sens radial et à retirer le moins possible de matière osseuse sous l'action du filetage.
PCT/DE1995/001829 1994-12-16 1995-12-15 Instrument permettant de former des cavites dans des os WO1996018354A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95942029A EP0764007A1 (fr) 1994-12-16 1995-12-15 Instrument permettant de former des cavites dans des os
AU43264/96A AU4326496A (en) 1994-12-16 1995-12-15 Instrument for preparing cavities in bones
DE29522073U DE29522073U1 (de) 1994-12-16 1995-12-15 Werkzeug zum Präparieren von Hohlräumen in Kieferknochen und Kieferimplantat

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP4444856.2 1994-12-16
DE4444856A DE4444856A1 (de) 1994-04-29 1994-12-16 Kieferimplantat
DE1995128242 DE19528242A1 (de) 1995-08-01 1995-08-01 Werkzeug zum Präparieren von Hohlräumen in Knochen
DE19528242.6 1995-08-01

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996018354A2 true WO1996018354A2 (fr) 1996-06-20
WO1996018354A3 WO1996018354A3 (fr) 1996-08-22

Family

ID=25942910

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1995/001829 WO1996018354A2 (fr) 1994-12-16 1995-12-15 Instrument permettant de former des cavites dans des os

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0764007A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU4326496A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996018354A2 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8287538B2 (en) 2008-01-14 2012-10-16 Conventus Orthopaedics, Inc. Apparatus and methods for fracture repair
US8906022B2 (en) 2010-03-08 2014-12-09 Conventus Orthopaedics, Inc. Apparatus and methods for securing a bone implant
US8961518B2 (en) 2010-01-20 2015-02-24 Conventus Orthopaedics, Inc. Apparatus and methods for bone access and cavity preparation
US9730739B2 (en) 2010-01-15 2017-08-15 Conventus Orthopaedics, Inc. Rotary-rigid orthopaedic rod
US10022132B2 (en) 2013-12-12 2018-07-17 Conventus Orthopaedics, Inc. Tissue displacement tools and methods
US10918426B2 (en) 2017-07-04 2021-02-16 Conventus Orthopaedics, Inc. Apparatus and methods for treatment of a bone

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH642838A5 (de) * 1979-11-21 1984-05-15 Osteo Ag Kieferimplantat.
DE3513133A1 (de) * 1985-04-12 1986-10-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Zahnimplantat
IT1237496B (it) * 1989-10-26 1993-06-08 Giuseppe Vrespa Dispositivo a vite per l'ancoraggio di protesi alle ossa, metodo per l'applicazione di tale dispositivo e relativa attrezzatura

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8287538B2 (en) 2008-01-14 2012-10-16 Conventus Orthopaedics, Inc. Apparatus and methods for fracture repair
US11399878B2 (en) 2008-01-14 2022-08-02 Conventus Orthopaedics, Inc. Apparatus and methods for fracture repair
US10603087B2 (en) 2008-01-14 2020-03-31 Conventus Orthopaedics, Inc. Apparatus and methods for fracture repair
US9517093B2 (en) 2008-01-14 2016-12-13 Conventus Orthopaedics, Inc. Apparatus and methods for fracture repair
US9788870B2 (en) 2008-01-14 2017-10-17 Conventus Orthopaedics, Inc. Apparatus and methods for fracture repair
US9730739B2 (en) 2010-01-15 2017-08-15 Conventus Orthopaedics, Inc. Rotary-rigid orthopaedic rod
US9848889B2 (en) 2010-01-20 2017-12-26 Conventus Orthopaedics, Inc. Apparatus and methods for bone access and cavity preparation
US8961518B2 (en) 2010-01-20 2015-02-24 Conventus Orthopaedics, Inc. Apparatus and methods for bone access and cavity preparation
US9993277B2 (en) 2010-03-08 2018-06-12 Conventus Orthopaedics, Inc. Apparatus and methods for securing a bone implant
US8906022B2 (en) 2010-03-08 2014-12-09 Conventus Orthopaedics, Inc. Apparatus and methods for securing a bone implant
US10022132B2 (en) 2013-12-12 2018-07-17 Conventus Orthopaedics, Inc. Tissue displacement tools and methods
US10076342B2 (en) 2013-12-12 2018-09-18 Conventus Orthopaedics, Inc. Tissue displacement tools and methods
US10918426B2 (en) 2017-07-04 2021-02-16 Conventus Orthopaedics, Inc. Apparatus and methods for treatment of a bone

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1996018354A3 (fr) 1996-08-22
EP0764007A1 (fr) 1997-03-26
AU4326496A (en) 1996-07-03

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