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WO1993016737A1 - Germicide biodegradable - Google Patents

Germicide biodegradable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993016737A1
WO1993016737A1 PCT/US1993/001417 US9301417W WO9316737A1 WO 1993016737 A1 WO1993016737 A1 WO 1993016737A1 US 9301417 W US9301417 W US 9301417W WO 9316737 A1 WO9316737 A1 WO 9316737A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
percent
weight
polyhydric alcohol
germicide
alcohol
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1993/001417
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Paul L. Simmons
Original Assignee
Simmons Paul L
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Simmons Paul L filed Critical Simmons Paul L
Publication of WO1993016737A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993016737A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/045—Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcohols; Salts thereof, e.g. alcoholates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
    • A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds

Definitions

  • a non- oxic hypocompatible biodegradable germicide effective against a wide range of pathogenic organisms A non- oxic hypocompatible biodegradable germicide effective against a wide range of pathogenic organisms.
  • U.S. 3,445,564 is directed to a method, compositions and articles for sanitizing public or communal facilities prior to individual use.
  • the method consists of applying a thin layer of a rapidly drying liquid germicidal composition to a surface such as a toilet seat.
  • the rapidly drying germicidal compositions consist essentially of a lower eliphatic alcohol and at least about 5 percent of a volatizing agent therefor, such as acetone.
  • Isopropyl alcohol has excellent germicidal activity and sufficiently volatile to give a satisfactory drying rate when blended with suitable proportions of a volatilizing agent.
  • the lower eliphatic alcohols are not sufficiently volatile to afford usefully short drying times for practical purposes in the method and articles of the Kirschner invention it was necessary to include a volatilizing agent in the germicidal compositio .
  • the proportion of volatizing agent to lower aliphatic alcohol in the rapidly drying germicidal compositions employed in the invention may vary widely depending upon a number of factors, which include among others, the volatility of the alcohol employed, the volatility of the volatilizing agent, the desired drying rate of the germicidal composition, the amount of germicidal agent applied to the surface to be treated and the method of application of the germicide, not to mention the prevailing conditions of temperature and relative humidity under which the product is to be employed.
  • U.S. 3,445,564 has germicidal activity against bacteria, fungi and other lower organisms, additional antibacterial, antifungal or other active ingredients may be incorporated to enhance the overall germicidal effectiveness. Suitable germicidal additives include the well known antibacterial quaternary ammonium compound.
  • U.S. 3,445,564 teaches the use of isopropyl alcohol to kill a limited number of germs on a dry toilet seat with the addition of acetone to volatize an already highly volatile chemical to rapidly dry the toilet seat for use within 30 seconds.
  • the use of a dye in a bacteracidal solution as disclosed in U.S. 2,449,274 is employed to provide a visual indication of the effectiveness of such sprays.
  • U.S. 4,678,658 shows an aerosol spray for use in disinfecting a surface for personal use such as a public restroom facility or telephone.
  • the composition and delivery of the compositions provides for the placement of a spray of disinfectant which includes a dye that disappears as the spray effects the germicidal activity of the disinfectant.
  • the composition is also rapidly drying, so that the dye disappears as well as the disinfecting composition leaving the surface dry.
  • the spray is corrosive and environmentally unsafe.
  • U.S. 3,821,413 discloses a formulation of materials which permits an effective, uniform rate of evaporation of glycols from an air circulator device to reduce airborne bacteria in the surrounding atmosphere. It was observed that the relative amounts and identities of the components of the invention are critical to the attainment of the desired continuous evaporation of glycols over a prolonged period of time.
  • the composition of U.S. 3,821,413 is a single phase liquid composition especially adapted for volatilization at a substantially uniform rate from the air circulator device.
  • the composition includes three essential components (1) a glycol, (2) an organic polar coupling compound for maintaining the homogeneity prevents the glycol from separating from the mixture during evaporation of the mixture into the atmosphere and (3) an organic, relatively non-polar compound for forming hydrophobic micelles with the glycol molecules in the resulting mixture for reducing the affinity of the glycol to atmospheric moisture and thereby increasing the rate at which the glycol may be evaporated into the atmosphere.
  • the composition contains the glycol germicide. If desired, other suitable germicides or antiseptic agents can be added provided, however, that the glycol concentration of the composition does not fall below 5 percent by weight of the total mixture.
  • germicides include quaternary ammonium compounds, phanols, bisphenols, salicylanilides,carbanilides, formaldehyde and chloride.
  • the required glycol evaporation rate for attaining the desired air sanitizing performance depends on the satisfactory stability and uniform nature of the liquid composition during evaporation from the mixture. Accordingly, the compositions of the invention include from about 2 percent to about 40 percent by weight of an organic polar coupling compound for maintaining the homogeneity of the mixture to prevent the glycol from separating from the mixture during the evaporation process.
  • compositions of the invention include from about 5 percent to about 80 percent by weight of an organic, relatively non-polar compound for forming hydrophobic micelles surrounding the glycol molecules in the mixture for reducing the affinity of the glycol to atmospheric moisture and thereby increase the rate of evaporation of the glycol. Without this micelle formation, it was found that the glycol or mixture of glycols in the mixture cannot evaporate appreciably in an air circulator device containing a wick immersed in the liquid composition.
  • U.S. 3,806,593 is directed to an acne treatment medication applied to the skin for preventing the formation of acne or decreasing already established acne.
  • the medicinal acne-preventing or acne-diminishing composition of U.S. 3,806,593 is based on the bacterial esterase activity in the sebaceous glands which together with the water already present in the skin can hydrolyze an ester having a good penetration capacity into the sebaceous glands to form one and preferably two antibacterially active components, viz. an acid and an alcohol, which are harmless to the skin.
  • the active compound in the composition is one or more esters chosen from the group consisting of ethyl lactate, isopropyl lactate and/or glycerol mono or dilactate.
  • the esters hydrolyze in the sebaceous glands due to the esterases present in the glands to form the corresponding acids and alcohols. Lactic acid and the lower alcohols and also glycerol to a certain extent exert a good antibacterial activity when formed in situ in the sebaceous glands.
  • the esters are lipophilic and can thus penetrate into the said glands.
  • the ester or esters per se it has been found to be suitable to apply the ester in the form of a solution in ethyls alcohol or isopropyl alcohol.
  • the alcohol prevents hydrolysis of the ester already in the composition. the alcohol moves the hydrolysis equilibrium towards ester formation.
  • the alcohol can also facilitate the penetration of the ester into the skin.
  • the composition may include a moisture-retaining agent such as a lower, suitably water-free polyol, viz. propylene glycol or glycerol.
  • the content of propylene glycol or glycerol in the composition according to the invention may be up to 25 percent, suitably not more than 10 percent by weight and preferably 1-5 percent. High levels of polyol tend to make the composition smeary upon application on the skin and should thus be avoided.
  • the preferred composition according to the invention consists of about 15 percent by weight of ethyl lactate, about 2 percent by weight of propylene glycol, the remainder being ethyl alcohol.
  • U.S. 3,806,593 relates to acne medication comprising esters that hydrolize in the sebaceous glands in combination with an alcohol to prevent hydrolysis of the esters as well facilitate the penetration of the ester into the skin, and propylene glycol or glycerol to prevent drying of the skin.
  • the preferred ration of the constituents is 15 percent to 83 percent to 2 percent respectively.
  • U.S. 4,664,909 discloses a stable, fast drying pituitous powder deodorant suspension in an alcohol media containing a minimal amount of water and a critical amount of the essential hydroxyethyl cellulose as the suspending agent.
  • the fast drying pituitous suspension of particulate material in an aqueous alcohol media contains hydroxyethyl cellulose at levels above its normal solubility limit by polyhydric.
  • U.S. 4,664,909 relates to stable pituitous suspensions of particulate material, preferably about 1-20 percent, uniformly suspended in alcohol/aqueous media containing a high alcohol content and a lower water content.
  • the alcohol media may be a lower monohydric alcohol selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and mixtures thereof.
  • polyhydric alcohols such as propylene glycol, butylene glycol and polyols thereof, and glycerin decreases the critical water level required in the hydroxyethyl cellulose-containing alcohol media.
  • powders can be suspended in alcoholic/aqueous media containing a high alcohol content and a lower water content by using the water soluble polymer hydroxyethyl cellulose at critical levels above its ethanol solubility range which may be broadened by specified polyhydric alcohols.
  • This polymer is unique in its property to form stable suspensions.
  • polyhydric alcohols can be partially substituted for the monohydric alcohol, not to exceed the monohydric alcohol content.
  • the monohydric alcohol content such as ethanol, must exceed the upper solubility level for the water soluble polymer hydroxyethyl cellulose in ethanol or other lower alkanol.
  • the reported upper solubility level of this water soluble polymer in ethanol is 70 percent.
  • the monohydric alcohol constitutes about 55-85 percent; and the water content may be as low as 5 percent if at least 10 percent polyhydric alcohol is also present in the suspension.
  • the combined water and polyhydric alcohol content is at least 15 percent and may be up to about 25 percent.
  • U.S. 4,664,909 teaches a fast-drying deodorant comprising a critical amount of hydroxyethyl cellose as the deodorant to encapsulate or isolate bacteria to prevent growth of the bacteria, suspended in a solution of monohydric alcohol to provide the fast drying characteristics and polyhydric alcohol to improve the overall soluability of the solution to allow the use of increased levels of monohydric alcohol.
  • the relative proportions of the monohydric alcohol. water and polyhydric alcohol are driven or determined by the desired solubility and therefore are interdependent.
  • U.S. 3,821,413 teaches a disinfectant consisting of propylene glycol to stabilize the composition and retard evaporation. This disinfectant is toxic, corrosive and non-biodegradable.
  • U.S. 3,966,902 disclosed various polymer complex carriers such as propylene glycol for use with an active ingredient such as a disinfectant or fragrance.
  • U.S. 4,690,779 refers to the use of propylene glycol in combination with alcohol and fragrances. This composition is both toxic and non-biodegradable.
  • U.S. 4,209,500 teaches a composition suitable for use in aerosol sprays including an anhydrous alcohol and fragrance or perfume. This composition is corrosive, non-biodegradable and non-evaporative.
  • Disinfectants today should be non-toxic as well as biodegradable, capable of killing or inactivating pathogenic organisms. Further, such disinfectants should be chemically compatible with the numerous different surfaces found in modern healthcare facilities.
  • the instant invention is directed to an environmentally safe germicide capable of killing anaerobic and aerobic bacteria, viruses including the HIV virus, mildew, mold and fungus.
  • the principal active anti-microbial, anti-viral ingredients of the instant invention are selected from a group of monohydric alcohols and polyhydric alcohols.
  • alcohols have had limited use outside the laboratory due to various undesirable characteristics of alcohol.
  • alcohol has very limited application as a widely used disinfectant because alcohol is unable to penetrate protein rich material, evaporates quickly, has limited stability and shelf life, has a pungent odor, tends to form a glaze on hard surfaces possibly hiding or covering visible contamination and dries the skin.
  • the instant invention has involved an extensive development program involving the unexpected formulation of certain chemicals to reduce or inhibit those undesirable features of alcohol and to make alcohol safe and effective for use outside the laboratory. Disclosure of Invention
  • the present invention relates to a non-toxic hypocompatible biodegradable germicide for topical application on a patient's skin or to inanimate surfaces to kill a wide range of pathogenic organisms.
  • the biodegradable germicide comprises a composition including a monohydric alcohol from the group consisting of isopropyl, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl alcohol or allyl alcohol and/or mixtures thereof and a polyhydric alcohol from the group consisting of propylene glycol; 1,3 propanediol; 1,2 butanediol, PEG 400; glycerol or 1,4 butanediol and/or mixtures thereof in proportion by weight such that the polyhydric alcohol reduces the surface glaze formed by the monohydric alcohol and surface tension formed by water or water-based body fluids enabling the germicide to kill the pathogenic organisms and act equally effective on a patient or inanimate surface without deleterious effect to either.
  • a monohydric alcohol from the group consisting of isopropyl, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl alcohol or
  • the monohydric alcohol provides the primary disinfecting or killing effect on the pathogenic organisms; while, the polyhydric alcohol lowers the flash point of the composition and soothes the skin.
  • the polyhydric alcohol also slows the rate of evaporation, reduces or eliminates the intersurface glazing effect of monohydric alcohol and homogenizes the interactive ingredients.
  • the relative proportions by weight of interactive ingredients chemically reduces the tensile strength of the surface liquids on the patient's skin or other surface permitting the germicidal effect to act directly on the pathogenic organisms.
  • the non-toxic hypocompatible biodegradable germicide in liquid form may be dispensed in various delivery systems including spray, foam, pour and squirt for a aerosol or non-aerosol product.
  • Alternate systems may include a towelette or an absorbent wipe containing the product in an airtight enveloping material such as sealed foil or other wrapping material could be used for a single application.
  • the invention accordingly comprises the features of construction, combination of elements, and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the construction hereinafter set forth, and the scope of the invention will be indicated in the claims.
  • the present invention relates to a non-toxic hypocompatible biodegradable germicide for topical application on a patient's skin or on hard surfaces such as restrooms or tables effective against a wide range of pathogenic organisms such as bacteria including staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and salmonella coleraesuis and viruses including HIV-I, HIV-II, tuberculosis, polio and herpes simplex type 2 as well as fungi (trichophyton mentagrophytus), mold, mildew and spores through alternate delivery means.
  • pathogenic organisms such as bacteria including staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and salmonella coleraesuis and viruses including HIV-I, HIV-II, tuberculosis, polio and herpes simplex type 2 as well as fungi (trichophyton mentagrophytus), mold, mildew and spores through alternate delivery means.
  • the germicide comprises a non-toxic hypocompatible biodegradable composition of selected monohydric alcohols, selected polyhydric alcohols and inert ingredients combined in relative proportions by weight such that the composition may be used topically to cleanse a patient's skin or to disinfect various public surfaces through direct application with equal effectiveness without deleterious effect to either.
  • the monohydric alcohol is selected from the group consisting of isopropyl, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl or allyl or mixtures thereof and the polyhydric alcohol is selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol; 1,3 propanediol; 1,2 butanediol, PEG 400; glycerol or 1,4 butanediol or mixtures thereof.
  • non-toxic refers to the requirements of the LD 50 Oral Toxicity Test; that is, non-toxic, non-poison, to rate at 50 times the lethal dose.
  • biodegradable refers to decomposition in the presence of 25 percent organic material within 90 days at 69 degrees F (Standard Temperature) with moisture content of 100 parts per million.
  • the term challenge refers to a test colony or specimens of 106 specified pathogenic organisms.
  • the specific monohydric alcohols and polyhydric alcohols and relative ratios thereof optimize the particular characteristics of solubility, specific gravity, conductivity, pH, flash point, boiling point and evaporation essential to the effective use of the instant germicide against the bioburden as defined herein on pathogens as described herein with a nontoxic effect as defined herein on patients, and with a hypocompatible effect as defined herein on the surfaces described herein.
  • the presence of the polyhydric alcohol raises the boiling point of the germicide slowing the rate of evaporation of the germicide.
  • the polyhydric alcohol prevents the tendency of monohydric alcohol to form a glaze on the target surface that masks the pathogenic organisms and breaks the barrier formed by surface tension of water and water-based body fluids enabling the germicide to act on the pathogens more rapidly.
  • the polyhydric alcohol serves as an emulsifier to assure that the composition remains homogenized during storage and use. Further, the polyhydric alcohol reduces the harmful effects of monohydric alcohol if swallowed or sprayed into the eyes or on mucus membranes as well as soothing the skin upon contact.
  • polyhydric alcohol reduces toxicity to human cells the need to dilute the germicide has been eliminated.
  • Polyhydric alcohol also acts as a secondary disinfectant useful to disinfect air. In the preferred percentage used, tests indicate that the polyhydric alcohol increases the overall effectiveness of the germicide against most viruses, mold and mildew.
  • the germicide was developed for use on a wide variety of surfaces and dispensed from a number of dispensing modes or means of dispersant materials the measure of chemical resistance is important to permit broad use and application.
  • the germicide must be hypocompatable with
  • hypocompatible shall mean no material degradation efforts associated with surfaces to include, for example, discoloration, corrosion, cracking, crazing and embrittlement.
  • the combination of interactive ingredients provides a germicide effective against an expansive range of materials found in a wide variety environments through various delivery means such as aerosol, pump, spray or swab without degradation of the materials.
  • the composition should have a pH of between about 7 and 5, virtually evaporate before about 6 and 20 minutes to have an effective kill time of about 8 to 12 minutes and prevent surface residue, a specific gravity of about .85, viscosity below 4 and relatively no conductivity.
  • the effective proportional relationship of the ingredients by weight for the monohydric alcohol as described herein is between about 65 percent to 75 percent and for the polyhydric alcohol as described herein is between about 4 percent and 16 percent.
  • the most preferred proportional relationship of the active ingredients by weight is about 70 percent for the monohydric alcohol and between 8 to 12 percent for the polyhydric alcohol.
  • the preferable amount of polyhydric alcohol is 6 to 14 percent by weight. Less than 4 percent of polyhydric alcohol by weight does not provide adequate kill and exhibits an excessive alkaline pH; while, more than 16 percent of polyhydric alcohol by weight leaves a residue to attract and harbor pathogens.
  • a surfactant such as sodium dodecyl sulfate, octyl phenoxy polyethoxyethanol, triethanol amine lauryl sulfate and mixtures thereof permits the use of the composition as a surface disinfectant capable of dislodging and absorbing as much as twenty five percent organic matter from an inanimate surface.
  • a sporicide such as an N(hydroxymethyl) acetamide derivative permits the use of the composition as a sterilant capable of killing bacillus subtilis and clostridium sporogenes.
  • the composition may be used as a commercial or industrial disinfecting lubricant.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

Germicide biodégradable et hypocompatible non toxique, agissant efficacement contre une grande variété d'organismes pathogènes, et présentant une composition comprenant un alcool monovalent appartenant au groupe composé d'isopropyle, méthyle, éthyle, n-propyle, n-butyle, tert-butyle ou allyle ou de mélanges de ceux-ci, et un alcool polyvalent appartenant au groupe composé de propylèneglycol; 1,3 propanediol; 1,2 butanediol, PEG 400; glycérol ou 1,4 butanediol ou des mélanges de ceux-ci, cette composition présentant une proportion en poids telle que l'alcool polyvalent réduit l'aspect lustré de surface produit par l'alcool monovalent et la tension de surface produite par l'eau ou des liquides biologiques à base d'eau, ce qui permet au désinfectant/antiseptique de tuer les organismes pathogènes et d'être également efficace lorsqu'il est utilisé sur un patient ou une surface inamimée sans produire d'effets nocifs sur l'un ou l'autre.
PCT/US1993/001417 1992-02-24 1993-02-22 Germicide biodegradable WO1993016737A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US84624992A 1992-02-24 1992-02-24
US846,249 1992-02-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993016737A1 true WO1993016737A1 (fr) 1993-09-02

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PCT/US1993/001417 WO1993016737A1 (fr) 1992-02-24 1993-02-22 Germicide biodegradable

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AU (1) AU3721793A (fr)
WO (1) WO1993016737A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0689768A1 (fr) * 1994-07-01 1996-01-03 C F P I Composition et procédé de traitement prophylactique rapide et non irritant de la mammite chez la vache laitière
FR2729050A1 (fr) * 1995-02-23 1996-07-12 Oreal Compositions resistant a la degradation microbienne
AU701014B2 (en) * 1994-08-24 1999-01-21 Jagotec Ag Treatment of disease and conditions associated with macrophage infiltration in particular stroke and myocardial infarction
US20070241306A1 (en) * 2006-02-10 2007-10-18 Ann Wehner Biodegradable compositions comprising renewably-based, biodegradable 1,3-propanediol

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4511486A (en) * 1981-11-02 1985-04-16 Richardson-Vicks Inc. Method of cleaning dentures using aerated foams

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4511486A (en) * 1981-11-02 1985-04-16 Richardson-Vicks Inc. Method of cleaning dentures using aerated foams

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0689768A1 (fr) * 1994-07-01 1996-01-03 C F P I Composition et procédé de traitement prophylactique rapide et non irritant de la mammite chez la vache laitière
FR2721801A1 (fr) * 1994-07-01 1996-01-05 Francais Prod Ind Cfpi Composition desinfectante a action rapide non irritante
AU701014B2 (en) * 1994-08-24 1999-01-21 Jagotec Ag Treatment of disease and conditions associated with macrophage infiltration in particular stroke and myocardial infarction
FR2729050A1 (fr) * 1995-02-23 1996-07-12 Oreal Compositions resistant a la degradation microbienne
US20070241306A1 (en) * 2006-02-10 2007-10-18 Ann Wehner Biodegradable compositions comprising renewably-based, biodegradable 1,3-propanediol

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3721793A (en) 1993-09-13

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