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WO1993003350A1 - Composants optiques d'exploration de la surface d'un objet dont la surface est capable de reflechir, de diffuser ou de refracter la lumiere - Google Patents

Composants optiques d'exploration de la surface d'un objet dont la surface est capable de reflechir, de diffuser ou de refracter la lumiere Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993003350A1
WO1993003350A1 PCT/DE1991/000618 DE9100618W WO9303350A1 WO 1993003350 A1 WO1993003350 A1 WO 1993003350A1 DE 9100618 W DE9100618 W DE 9100618W WO 9303350 A1 WO9303350 A1 WO 9303350A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mirror
wedge
opening
optical
reflecting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1991/000618
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gebhard Birkle
Original Assignee
Birkle Sensor Gmbh + Co.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Birkle Sensor Gmbh + Co. filed Critical Birkle Sensor Gmbh + Co.
Priority to PCT/DE1991/000618 priority Critical patent/WO1993003350A1/fr
Publication of WO1993003350A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993003350A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
    • G02B17/04—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using prisms only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G01N21/952—Inspecting the exterior surface of cylindrical bodies or wires
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system

Definitions

  • the invention relates to optical components for optically scanning the upper
  • the light source illuminates that
  • the second mirror has a sloping, flat mirror surface that the
  • a further embodiment of the invention is that the second body 8 is a wedge-shaped mirror body having a triangular cross-section, the wedge surfaces 9 are formed as mirror surfaces, wherein the two wedge surfaces each to-
  • Both bodies can be integrally made of a transparent, s prismatic-cylindrical see optical article with a continuous longitudinal bore,
  • optical components have the salient advantage that they
  • the two wedge surfaces as mirror surfaces of the second optical body break down a light bundle which occurs from below onto the surroundings of the through opening onto the wedge surfaces into two partial ray bundles and, after deflection, put them away again from the through opening so that shadowed areas on the object are avoided.
  • a further device is characterized in that the second body is a wedge-shaped mirror body with a triangular cross section and the wedge surfaces inclined at an angle ( ⁇ ) to one another are designed as mirror surfaces and are symmetrical to the mirror surface of the first body and the common edge of the wedge surfaces is centered above
  • the passage opening of the first body runs and the passage opening through the second body passes through both wedge surfaces symmetrically
  • SPARE BLADE 1 beam of light is directed at the first wedge surface, from there to the bottom
  • the first and / or the second optical body can consist of two part bodies that can be separated from one another and the first body is an annular toroid.
  • both bodies can consist in one piece of a transparent, prismatic-cylindrical, optical object with a continuous longitudinal bore, the end of which has an internal, rotationally symmetrical, frustoconical or bowl-shaped mirror surface and which is designed in the upper area with two wedge surfaces as mirror surfaces, which each face a flat surface on the circumference of the object.
  • the angle at which the wedge surfaces of the wedge-shaped body or the prismatic part are inclined to one another can be an acute or an obtuse angle ⁇ . Furthermore, the wedge surfaces can each face two obliquely directed refractive surfaces of refractive bodies.
  • the senor can produce a standing or moving image, so that an area of predeterminable width of the entire circumference of the object or only a part thereof when the object is stationary or moving as an optical image or image signal, for example in the form of an illustrated circumferential band or part of the same, obtained with the highest resolution can be.
  • the surface of the object can reflect regularly or diffusely, the object can have a high or low reflectivity. If the object has irregularities, holes, outbreaks, breaks, flaking, edge damage or other anomalies on its surface, this changes the reflection or scattering or refraction or the light transmission compared to the normal surface; this optical change in the light intensity can be detected according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective illustration of an optical component with two wedge surfaces as mirror surfaces and further mirror bodies with mirror surfaces
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective illustration of an optical component which consists of a one-piece, transparent object with two wedge surfaces as refractive surfaces and further refractive surfaces
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective illustration of a further optical component with two wedge surfaces as mirror surfaces and further mirror bodies, the component being used for fluoroscopy suitable for transparent objects
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective illustration of an optical component according to that of FIG. 2 with a longitudinal slot penetrating the through opening for inserting, for example, a thread into the component
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of another component according to
  • the angle d being either an acute or an obtuse angle; M in the example shown, the angle d is an obtuse angle.
  • the wedge 1 is moved in the direction of the main axis.
  • opening 4 serves to move the object 1 through the component.
  • the wedge surfaces 2, 2 'of the wedge 1 are provided on each side of the mirror body 5, 6 and 7, 8 against which at least one respective plane mirror surface 5''have, s wherein the mirror surfaces 5', 6 ', 7', 8 , 6 'and 7', 8 'with respect to the wedge surface 2' and 2 and with each other are directed obliquely to each other.
  • the mirror bodies 5, 7 are located
  • the mirror bodies 6, 8 are located in the region of the front half 61 of the wedge 1
  • an imaging optical system 12 may be located to the optical image 3 before.
  • the sensor is electrically connected to an evaluation device (not shown ) .
  • the mode of operation of the optical component is as follows: 7
  • the object 15 is illuminated in the area of the ring mirror 9 - either from below 8 or through the ring mirror 9 - along a circumferential ring 17 on the 9 object 15, so that the reflected light radially on the mirror surface 11 0 of the ring mirror 9 falls and is reflected upwards in the direction of the wedge 1 i and there falls on the surroundings of the through opening 4, with each of the
  • optical bodies opposite the wedge surfaces to deflect the light on the wedge surfaces as refractive bodies, in particular when using a monochromatic light source.
  • FIG. 2 shows an optical component made of a one-piece, transparent, prismatic i-cylindrical object 18, which can be, for example, pressed glass.
  • the optical object 18 consists of a prismatic part 19 and a cylindrical part 20 formed thereon, a through opening 21 extending centrally through both parts 19, 20.
  • the prismatic part 19 has an elongated notch extending from its top surface 62, which has two optically effective, flat wedge surfaces 23, 23 ' 1 forms, which are inclined to each other at an angle d and which act as mirror surfaces
  • part 19 corresponds
  • the lower end of the cylindrical part 20 has a conical or shell-shaped
  • Neten halves 33, 33 ' may be made which are suitable supported movably, so that the halves 33, 33' away from each other and each other's can be moved.
  • Each half 33, 33 'of the wedge 32 has an optically effective wedge surface
  • Halves 33, 33 ' which is shown in Figure 3, the edges 36, 36' of the two halves 33, 33 'run parallel to each other.
  • ring mirror 37 consisting of two halves 38, 38 may consist s', wherein the annular mirror 37 has a through-opening 39 and
  • a light source 41 emits light, which polishes by an imaging optical system 42 7 and a diaphragm 43 and of which a radiation beam 47 is shown in Figure 3. 8
  • This beam 47 is incident on the light source 41 facing 9 wedge surface 34 'of the half 33' of the wedge 32 and from there to the including 0 lying mirror surface 40 of the associated half 38 of the reflected Ringspiegles 37 1 animals and from there thrown radially onto the object 46, whereby the half 38
  • a cover disk 63 is arranged for covering
  • Such a device is used to control transparent dimensions.
  • Figure 4 shows an embodiment of an optical element, are also in the form of 1 a one-piece, transparent object 49 consisting of a prismatic rule part 50 and a molded-on cylindrical portion 51, the article 49 of similar design the device described in Figure 2.
  • Figure 4 is .
  • the prismatic part 50 and the cylindrical part 51 are penetrated together by a through opening 52 which has a longitudinal slot 53 which is open to the outside. Through this longitudinal slit 53, for example, a thread can be inserted into the object and continuously scanned.
  • the optical component shown in FIG. 3 can also be designed geometrically in one piece, which is shown in FIG. 5.
  • a cylindrical, one-piece, transparent object 54 which has a central through bore 55, * - has a cone-shaped or bowl-shaped interior on its lower end
  • the optical object 54 has at its upper end
  • FIG. 3 shows a wedge-shaped recess with the formation of two obliquely inclined partial surfaces 64, 64 ', which are designed as mirror surfaces pointing inwards.
  • the optical object 54 is flattened on its circumference to form two opposing, plane-parallel surfaces 56, 56 '.
  • the mode of operation of this optical component is the same as the mode of operation of the component described in FIG. 3.
  • the optoelectronic sensor used in all optical components is preferably a CCD component with a straight or ring-shaped line line. It is also conceivable to use a CCD matrix sensor and to define the circumferential ring in the image plane using software.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show parts of ring-shaped mirror bodies 67 and 68 in order to avoid imaging errors which occur due to the curvature of a mirror surface in the tangential direction, as the ring mirrors of the figures described above show, which is why the edge rays do not differ after their reflection cut in a geometric location that is on the surface of the object, but in a location that is outside the surface of the object; in the case of rotationally symmetrical mirror bodies, the geometric locations are circles. Other rays lying between the marginal rays intersect radially on the bundle center lines between the geometric locations, which results in a distortion of the intersection points over the axes of the light bundle. This distortion is most noticeable with a conical mirror, but it also occurs with other mirror shapes that are designed as mirror bodies and in which the mirror surface is curved in one direction.
  • reference numbers 74, 74 ' are the light bundles with the radial edge rays 75, 76, 75', 76 'and the tangential edge rays 77, 78, 77', 78 'of an object point of objects 72, 72 to be imaged ' With- shown a lens (not shown).
  • the mirror bodies 67, 68 each consist of a transparent body in the form of a toroid with the main axis 73, 73 ', which has an upper, preferably flat, surface 69, 69', a rear, inclined plane and plane in the direction of the inclined plane, internally mirrored mirror surface 70, 70 'and a circumferential surface 71, 71' of the height h facing the main axis 73, 73 'of the mirror bodies 67, 68 is limited.
  • the surface 71 is cylindrical and represents a cylindrical lens surface of height h; in Figure 7, the surface 71 'is convex. Due to the convex curvature of the lens surface 71 ', the image can be adapted to specific requirements of the object or else the geometry of the optoelectronic sensor used.
  • both the radial and the tangential edge rays 75, 76, 77, 78 meet at a geometric location that forms a circular circumferential line 79 on the surface of the object 72.
  • the tangential edge rays 77 ', 78' intersect in a geometrical location, which likewise forms a circular circumferential line 79 on the surface of the object 72; on the other hand, the radial marginal rays 75 ', 76' intersect at a geometrical location which lies within the object 72 ', so that they strike the dotted circumferential lines 80, 80' of the object 72 '. Due to the convex curvature of the surface 71 ', advantageous adaptation of commercially available sensor geometries of CCD components to, for example, cylindrical or round or other rod-shaped objects is achieved.
  • the rear, obliquely inclined and in the direction of the bevel plane, all-round mirrored mirror surface can be semitransparent, so that it is able to form a divider mirror.
  • the object can then be illuminated through the semitransparent mirror surface and the transparent toroid. 1
  • the curvature of the lens surface facing the center of the mirror body can be changed in the direction of the main axis of the mirror body,
  • the optical components according to the invention are suitable for checking the surface 6 of objects according to predetermined quality criteria.
  • the objects can be scanned standing or moving. For example, with

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
  • Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Des composants optiques d'exploration de la surface d'un objet (15, 28) comprennent un premier corps réfléchissant (9, 20, 51) pourvu d'une ouverture (10, 21, 52) à travers laquelle l'objet (15, 28) peut être déplacé tout en étant exposé à la lumière produite par une source de lumière et réfléchie par le corps réfléchissant qui a une surface réfléchissante annulaire (11, 31) qui dévie la lumière (16, 16', 29, 29') sur l'objet tout autour de sa circonférence et vice-versa radialement par rapport à l'axe principal (14, 22) du corps réfléchissant ou réfringent. Un deuxième corps optique (1, 19, 50) avec des surfaces réfléchissantes plates (2, 2', 5', 6', 7', 8', 23, 23', 24, 24', 25, 25') monté dans la direction de l'axe principal du premier corps réfléchissant comprend lui aussi une ouverture (4, 21, 52) de passage de l'objet située au-dessus de l'ouverture du premier corps réfléchissant. Ce deuxième corps optique (1, 19, 50) comprend en outre un capteur optoélectronique (13, 27) et un dispositif d'évaluation électrique. Deux surface réfléchissantes du deuxième corps (1, 19, 50, 54) constituent des surfaces cunéiformes (2, 2', 23, 23') inclinées l'une vers l'autre et optiquement symétriques par rapport à la surface réfléchissante (11, 31, 57) du premier corps (9, 20, 51). L'ouverture de passage (4, 21, 52, 55) ménagée dans le deuxième corps traverse symétriquement les deux surfaces cunéiformes, de sorte que le faisceau de rayons de lumière est décomposé en deux faisceaux partiels (16, 16', 29, 29') qui viennent frapper chacun une des surfaces cunéiformes. D'autres surfaces réfléchissantes ou réfringentes (5', 6', 7', 8', 24, 24', 26, 26') font face aux surfaces cunéiformes, de sorte que les faisceaux partiels sont séparément déviés par les surfaces cunéiformes sur les surfaces réfléchissantes ou réfringentes, sont réfléchis sur les mêmes surfaces cunéiformes dans la zone de la moitié (61') du deuxième corps opposée à l'ouverture de passage, puis sont réunis à nouveau en un faisceau unique de rayons de lumière par les surfaces cunéiformes.
PCT/DE1991/000618 1991-08-01 1991-08-01 Composants optiques d'exploration de la surface d'un objet dont la surface est capable de reflechir, de diffuser ou de refracter la lumiere WO1993003350A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE1991/000618 WO1993003350A1 (fr) 1991-08-01 1991-08-01 Composants optiques d'exploration de la surface d'un objet dont la surface est capable de reflechir, de diffuser ou de refracter la lumiere

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE1991/000618 WO1993003350A1 (fr) 1991-08-01 1991-08-01 Composants optiques d'exploration de la surface d'un objet dont la surface est capable de reflechir, de diffuser ou de refracter la lumiere

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WO1993003350A1 true WO1993003350A1 (fr) 1993-02-18

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996024084A1 (fr) * 1995-02-03 1996-08-08 British Technology Group Limited Dispositif de visualisation
WO2001023872A1 (fr) * 1999-09-29 2001-04-05 Nextrom Holding Sa Procede de mesure de la geometrie de fentes dans un element effile
EP1913520A2 (fr) * 2005-08-02 2008-04-23 OG Technologies, Inc. Appareil et procede de detection de defauts de surface d'une piece telle qu'une barre metallique enroulee/tiree
WO2013117497A1 (fr) * 2012-02-07 2013-08-15 Tyco Electronics Raychem Bvba Contrôle visuel de fibres optiques
CN109406402A (zh) * 2018-09-05 2019-03-01 浙江省海洋水产研究所 一种吸收荧光通用比色皿装置及测量方法
WO2024246423A1 (fr) * 2023-05-30 2024-12-05 Konecranes Global Oy Dispositif de surveillance d'état de câble synthétique

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4358202A (en) * 1980-07-28 1982-11-09 Essex Group, Inc. Apparatus and method for monitoring the surface character of circular objects
US4837451A (en) * 1987-08-26 1989-06-06 The Boeing Company Ring array imaging system
WO1989005468A1 (fr) * 1987-12-10 1989-06-15 Gebhard Birkle Procede de balayage optique de la surface d'objets

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4358202A (en) * 1980-07-28 1982-11-09 Essex Group, Inc. Apparatus and method for monitoring the surface character of circular objects
US4837451A (en) * 1987-08-26 1989-06-06 The Boeing Company Ring array imaging system
WO1989005468A1 (fr) * 1987-12-10 1989-06-15 Gebhard Birkle Procede de balayage optique de la surface d'objets

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996024084A1 (fr) * 1995-02-03 1996-08-08 British Technology Group Limited Dispositif de visualisation
WO2001023872A1 (fr) * 1999-09-29 2001-04-05 Nextrom Holding Sa Procede de mesure de la geometrie de fentes dans un element effile
US6842258B1 (en) 1999-09-29 2005-01-11 Nextrom Holdings S.A. Method of measuring the geometry of grooves in an elongated element
EP1913520A2 (fr) * 2005-08-02 2008-04-23 OG Technologies, Inc. Appareil et procede de detection de defauts de surface d'une piece telle qu'une barre metallique enroulee/tiree
EP1913520A4 (fr) * 2005-08-02 2009-11-25 Og Technologies Inc Appareil et procede de detection de defauts de surface d'une piece telle qu'une barre metallique enroulee/tiree
AU2006275457B2 (en) * 2005-08-02 2011-08-04 Og Technologies, Inc. An apparatus and method for detecting surface defects on a workpiece such as a rolled/drawn metal bar
WO2013117497A1 (fr) * 2012-02-07 2013-08-15 Tyco Electronics Raychem Bvba Contrôle visuel de fibres optiques
US10184858B2 (en) 2012-02-07 2019-01-22 CommScope Connectivity Belgium BVBA Visually inspecting optical fibers
CN109406402A (zh) * 2018-09-05 2019-03-01 浙江省海洋水产研究所 一种吸收荧光通用比色皿装置及测量方法
WO2024246423A1 (fr) * 2023-05-30 2024-12-05 Konecranes Global Oy Dispositif de surveillance d'état de câble synthétique

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