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WO1993003349A1 - Dispositif d'exploration optique de la surface d'un objet dont la surface est capable de reflechir ou de diffuser la lumiere - Google Patents

Dispositif d'exploration optique de la surface d'un objet dont la surface est capable de reflechir ou de diffuser la lumiere Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1993003349A1
WO1993003349A1 PCT/DE1991/000617 DE9100617W WO9303349A1 WO 1993003349 A1 WO1993003349 A1 WO 1993003349A1 DE 9100617 W DE9100617 W DE 9100617W WO 9303349 A1 WO9303349 A1 WO 9303349A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mirror
desk
lenses
sensor
light
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1991/000617
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gebhard Birkle
Original Assignee
Birkle Sensor Gmbh & Co.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Birkle Sensor Gmbh & Co. filed Critical Birkle Sensor Gmbh & Co.
Priority to PCT/DE1991/000617 priority Critical patent/WO1993003349A1/fr
Publication of WO1993003349A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993003349A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G01N21/952—Inspecting the exterior surface of cylindrical bodies or wires
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0087—Simple or compound lenses with index gradient
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/08—Mirrors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for optically scanning the surface of an object, the surface of which is capable of reflecting or scattering light, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a device for optically scanning the one surface has been disclosed a movable object, for reflecting the surface of light or to scatter capable of having a light source and an internally comparable reflected pitched mirror with a circumferential Mirror surface and a centrally arranged through opening for the passage of the object through the desk mirror, in whose direction and within the opening angle above the through opening there is another mirror, as well as with an opto-electronic sensor and an electrical evaluation device. After reflection or scattering on the object, the light falls on the mirror surfaces of the mirrors, is directed onto the sensor and evaluated in the evaluation device.
  • the light source illuminates the object around its circumference in the area of the through opening of the desk mirror in such a way that the light reflected or scattered by the object around the circumference simultaneously falls peripherally onto the mirror surface of the desk mirror.
  • the second mirror has an obliquely inclined, flat mirror surface which directs the light onto an optical system for standing imaging on the sensor, which detects a complete circumferential band which corresponds to a circumferential surface of the object of a predetermined width.
  • Symmetrical lenses can be arranged around the object, which guide the reflected light to the sensor, even with the interposition of optical fibers.
  • GRIN rod lenses lenses with a graded refractive index
  • SELFOC lens lenses with a graded refractive index
  • SELFOC lens which has the shape of a cylindrical rod.
  • the refractive index of such a lens usually has a parabolic course with the
  • Such a lens is an imaging optical element.
  • 3 can create upright images of an object in the image plane.
  • the invention is based on the object of a device of the above-mentioned
  • the device is also intended to be compared with known devices
  • the lenses are upright 1 imaging rod lenses with a graduated refractive index (GRIN rod lenses) in 2 form of a lens bundle, which the design of the desk mirror and the transverse 3 adapted to the sectional contour of the object, preferably ring or elliptical, 4 , the light entry surfaces of the rod lenses facing the mirror surface of the desk mirror 5 and the light exit surfaces being opposed by an annular, circular or elliptical 6- shaped sensor.
  • GRIN rod lenses graduated refractive index
  • the invention has the salient advantage that it is most advantageously suitable for scanning objects with practically any cross-section, which can be translucent, transparent or opaque, but whose surface is able to reflect or scatter light Device by the use according to the invention of a plurality of individual, upright imaging optical rod lenses with a graduated refractive index (GRIN rod lenses) always produces an upright and standing image, so that a region of predeterminable width of the entire circumference of the object or only a part of the same can be obtained with the highest resolution when the object is in motion or at a standstill as an optical image or image signal, for example in the form of an illustrated peripheral band or part of the peripheral band.
  • the surface of the object can reflect regularly or diffusely, the object can have a high or low reflectivity.
  • the object has irregularities, holes, cutouts, edge damage, breaks, chipping or other anomalies on its surface, this changes the reflection or scattering or the light transmission compared to the normal surface; this change in the reflection or the scatter or the light intensity can be detected according to the invention.
  • the majority of the GRIN rod lenses are advantageously formed by a lens field from.
  • the GRIN rod lenses in particular in the form of a rod lens field, produce an image which is circular, ring-shaped or elliptical, etc.
  • the geometric shape of the sensor for example in the form of a circular line or ellipse or a ring, the sensor being in particular a CCD pixel field sensor, advantageously selects the peripheral image of the object in the image plane. Short image and object widths, a bright image and a compact design can be realized.
  • REPLACEMENT LEAF 1 device according to the invention fall far fewer items, assembly
  • a CCD pixel array-building 5 are given as a sensor element the functions of a CCD flat-panel camera in use.
  • the 8 sensor to be adapted to the profile or cross-section of the object to be scanned, for example such that the field of components or GRIN lenses is congruent with the profile or cross-section; in the case of an elliptical cross section of the object, the field of the upright imaging optical components or the rod lens field and / or the effective sensor surface is designed elliptically.
  • an image of the object to be imaged is optically imaged in the image plane and mapped as an upright image on the circular, ring, elliptical or other planar selection sensor.
  • a uniform upright image on the sensor is thus selected via the lens field of the GRIN rod lenses.
  • the device can e.g. B. be designed such that the surface of the objects in free fall or in the running passage, e.g. in the case of a rope, can be detected, thereby ensuring high performance of the device according to the invention with a large throughput of objects or per running meter of object.
  • the device can only be designed for one-sided insertion of an object, so that the object is inserted through an opening for scanning and removed again through the same opening.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a device in a top view along the line CD in FIG. 2, the cover and the sensor in the left half of the image being removed in order to view the GRIN rod lenses in the view of the end faces
  • Figure 2 shows a section through the device for displaying the GRIN rod lenses in a longitudinal view along the line AB in Figure 1
  • Figure 3 shows a partial section of a desk mirror in the form of a transparent toroid with a semi-transparent mirror surface and with a cylindrical peripheral lens surface for shifting the geometric location the intersection points of all the marginal rays on the surface of the object to be scanned and
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a device in a top view along the line CD in FIG. 2, the cover and the sensor in the left half of the image being removed in order to view the GRIN rod lenses in the view of the end faces
  • Figure 2 shows a section through the device for displaying the GRIN rod lenses in a longitudinal view along the line AB in Figure 1
  • Figure 3 shows a partial
  • a partial section of a further desk mirror in the form of a transparent toroid of a semitransparent mirror surface and with a convex curved peripheral lens surface for the adapted correction of the course of the geometry location of the rays of the light beam on the object in relation to the geometry of the sensor.
  • the figures show a schematic representation of the device, consisting of a prismatic or conical or bowl-shaped mirror body 7, which is made of suitable glasses or metal with a correspondingly mirrored surface as a closed peripheral mirror surface 16 in the form of a desk mirror is.
  • the console mirror 7 is arranged within a housing 9, which has a lower
  • the 2 has cover 8, on which the desk mirror 7 is placed.
  • the mirror surface 16 of the desk mirror 7 is internally frustoconical or also curved, the main axis of the desk mirror coinciding with the main axis 17 of the device.
  • a through opening 18 runs centrally through the mirror surface 16 or the mirror body 7 in the direction of the main axis 17 of the mirror surface 16, so that the console mirror 7 is designed in a ring shape.
  • the lower cover 8 of the housing 9 has a through-opening 13, the two through-openings 13 and 18 of the cover 8 and the desk mirror 7 lying centrally on one another.
  • the console mirror 7 can be arranged to be vertically displaceable in the axial direction of the main axis 17, which is to be indicated by the movement arrow 14. An object can be inserted into and out of the device through the through opening 13 of the lower cover 8 and through the through opening 18 of the desk mirror 7.
  • the housing 9 has an upper cover 3, which closes the housing 9 like a lid and to which a tube 11 is integrally formed, which is preferably cylindrical and has a through opening 12.
  • the tube 11 projecting into the interior of the housing 9 ends above the lower cover 8, so that a circumferential gap 21 of height a remains between the same and the lower end of the tube 11.
  • the upper cover (3) and the tube (11) can be formed in one piece and, together with the lower cover, the annular holder (6) and the housing (9), are made of plastic.
  • annular holder 6 is placed on the tube 11, within which a plurality of individual, upright imaging optical rod lenses 5 with a graduated refractive index (GRIN) are arranged.
  • the rod lenses 5 run close together, preferably parallel to one another, and thus form an annular lens field, which is preferably annularly centered with respect to the main axis 17.
  • two such rod lenses 5 are in
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of the Schnitdinie CD in
  • the lens field of the rod lenses 5 is preferably parallel
  • rod lenses 5 can also be adjusted in height on the tube 11, so that the rod lenses 5 and the desk mirror 7 can be adapted to the object throughput.
  • the annular sensor 4 is a ring-shaped CCD pixel field component and is connected to an electrical evaluation device (not shown).
  • the annular sensor 4 is
  • An object 1 for example a transparent glass tube through which fürgangsöff- 1 calculations 12,13 of the covers 3,8 and through the tube 11 and the through opening 18 of the pitched mirror 7 moved through and from a light source 2, a laser light source preferably , illuminated, which is a simple and effective lighting variant.
  • the glass tube is axially illuminated during manufacture, originating from the melt (light conduction); scattered light is detected by the imaging optics at defects.
  • Other objects may require modified and adapted lighting methods.
  • the light rays of the light source 2 are incident parallel to the main axis 17.
  • REPLACEMENT LEAF 1 the light is scattered or reflected or the light intensity is weakened or
  • the beam path changes in some other way, whereby the scattered or reflected
  • the object 1 is moved in the direction of the main axis 17 of the device during the described scanning process, it is evident that the entire circumferential surface of the object 1 is scanned and reproduced in the sensor 4 as a circular ring or circular line which depicts the illuminated circumferential surface of the object in maps the image plane as an image. If an anomaly on the surface of the object 1 is illuminated when the object 1 passes through the mirror surface 18 at time t, this anomaly is displayed in the circumferential band of the object 1 shown on the pixel field of the sensor 4, so that this object can be sorted out, for example . In the case of a standing object, an upright and standing image is created.
  • a silky illumination of the object is also possible, also through the desk mirror, which in this case can be a semi-transparent mirror, which is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4; with regard to further lighting options, reference is made to DE-Al-3822303.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show ring-shaped desk mirrors 22 and 22 'for side lighting and to avoid imaging errors. Because due to
  • the surface 25 is cylindrical and represents a cylindrical lens surface; in Figure 4, the surface 25 'is convex.
  • the image can be adapted to specific requirements of the object or else the geometry of the optoelectronic sensor used.
  • the light sources 2 or 2 'or 2 can surround the desk mirrors 22 or 22' in a ring, so that the object 1 is illuminated in a uniform ring, for example by means of optical fibers.
  • the curvature of the lens surface facing the center of the mirror body can be in the direction of the main axis of the lens
  • REPLACEMENT LEAF 1 mirror body can be changed in such a way that the focal length of the lens
  • the desk mirror can be made of flexible, transparent material
  • the device according to the invention is used for scanning objects whose surface has reflective, scattering or properties which otherwise change the light intensity.
  • the device is suitable, on the one hand, for use where a large number of objects, preferably long objects, such as pencils, which can be mass-produced, are to be quickly checked or sorted according to specified quality criteria, and, on the other hand, where a running object is in one piece, for example a braided or knitted rope, whose surface condition including the criterion of its color is to be detected.
  • the device according to the invention is suitable for examining the surface properties of elongated objects, preferably when moving them, such as lipsticks, screws, nails, pencils, glasses, braided or knitted ropes and others, in order to differentiate according to specified quality criteria. for example, sorting the objects according to surface characteristics.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif d'exploration optique de la surface d'un objet (1) dont la surface est capable de réfléchir ou de diffuser la lumière comprend une source de lumière (2) et un miroir annulaire de commande (7) avec une surface réfléchissante continue (16). Une pluralité de lentilles optiques individuelles qui entourent l'axe principal (17) du miroir de commande (7), ainsi qu'un capteur (4) et un dispositif d'évaluation électrique, sont agencés au-dessus du miroir de commande dans la direction de l'axe principal (17) à l'intérieur de l'angle d'ouverture du miroir de commande (7). Après avoir été réfléchie et/ou diffusée par l'objet (1) sur toute sa circonférence (15), la lumière (10, 10') est projetée sur la surface réfléchissante (16) du miroir de commande (7), est déviée vers le capteur (4) et évaluée dans le dispositif d'évaluation. Les lentilles sont des lentilles en forme de barre (5) à indice de réfraction échelonné (lentilles GRIN) reproduisant des images droites et formant un faisceau de lentilles adapté à la forme du miroir de commande (7) et au contour de la section transversale de l'objet. Les surfaces d'admission de lumière des lentilles en forme de barre (5) sont tournées vers la surface réfléchissante (18) du miroir de commande et leurs surfaces de sortie de lumière sont opposées à un capteur (4) annulaire, circulaire ou elliptique.
PCT/DE1991/000617 1991-08-01 1991-08-01 Dispositif d'exploration optique de la surface d'un objet dont la surface est capable de reflechir ou de diffuser la lumiere WO1993003349A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE1991/000617 WO1993003349A1 (fr) 1991-08-01 1991-08-01 Dispositif d'exploration optique de la surface d'un objet dont la surface est capable de reflechir ou de diffuser la lumiere

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE1991/000617 WO1993003349A1 (fr) 1991-08-01 1991-08-01 Dispositif d'exploration optique de la surface d'un objet dont la surface est capable de reflechir ou de diffuser la lumiere

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993003349A1 true WO1993003349A1 (fr) 1993-02-18

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ID=6863501

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1991/000617 WO1993003349A1 (fr) 1991-08-01 1991-08-01 Dispositif d'exploration optique de la surface d'un objet dont la surface est capable de reflechir ou de diffuser la lumiere

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1993003349A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001023872A1 (fr) * 1999-09-29 2001-04-05 Nextrom Holding Sa Procede de mesure de la geometrie de fentes dans un element effile
CN108827975B (zh) * 2018-09-07 2023-10-20 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 一种ccd阵列成像装置
WO2024246423A1 (fr) * 2023-05-30 2024-12-05 Konecranes Global Oy Dispositif de surveillance d'état de câble synthétique

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4352550A (en) * 1979-12-13 1982-10-05 Iwatsu Electric Co., Ltd. Combination of circular/straight line light beam scan transforming apparatus and optical device and method of fabricating circular/straight line transforming device
DE3601442A1 (de) * 1986-01-20 1987-07-23 Gebhard Birkle Vorrichtung zum optischen abtasten von objekten
DE3822303A1 (de) * 1987-12-10 1989-06-22 Birkle Gebhard Vorrichtung zum optischen abtasten der oberflaeche eines objektes, dessen oberflaeche licht zu reflektieren oder streuen imstande ist und verfahren hierzu
DE4004141C1 (en) * 1990-02-10 1991-10-17 Gebhard 7750 Konstanz De Birkle Scanning optical quality control device - with series of individual lenses deflecting reflected and/or dispersed light onto opto-electronic sensor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4352550A (en) * 1979-12-13 1982-10-05 Iwatsu Electric Co., Ltd. Combination of circular/straight line light beam scan transforming apparatus and optical device and method of fabricating circular/straight line transforming device
DE3601442A1 (de) * 1986-01-20 1987-07-23 Gebhard Birkle Vorrichtung zum optischen abtasten von objekten
DE3822303A1 (de) * 1987-12-10 1989-06-22 Birkle Gebhard Vorrichtung zum optischen abtasten der oberflaeche eines objektes, dessen oberflaeche licht zu reflektieren oder streuen imstande ist und verfahren hierzu
DE4004141C1 (en) * 1990-02-10 1991-10-17 Gebhard 7750 Konstanz De Birkle Scanning optical quality control device - with series of individual lenses deflecting reflected and/or dispersed light onto opto-electronic sensor

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001023872A1 (fr) * 1999-09-29 2001-04-05 Nextrom Holding Sa Procede de mesure de la geometrie de fentes dans un element effile
US6842258B1 (en) 1999-09-29 2005-01-11 Nextrom Holdings S.A. Method of measuring the geometry of grooves in an elongated element
CN108827975B (zh) * 2018-09-07 2023-10-20 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 一种ccd阵列成像装置
WO2024246423A1 (fr) * 2023-05-30 2024-12-05 Konecranes Global Oy Dispositif de surveillance d'état de câble synthétique

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