RU2426005C1 - Rotor-type windmill - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: proposed windmill comprises operating wheel fitted on vertical shaft made up of rotary vanes arranged between top and bottom rims. Said vanes are secured on supports coupled with the shaft, in its turn coupled with electric generator. Vanes are secured on rotary shafts in cantilever. Vanes shafts are fitted between top and bottom supports to run in plan bearings. Bottom thrust bearings incorporates ball thrust bearing. Width of rotary vane exceeds distance between axes of shafts that limit turn of vanes. Operating wheel hollow vertical shaft runs in rolling bearings. Axle is fixed on stationary base to make support for windmill.

EFFECT: reduced costs plus higher efficiency.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to wind engineering, in particular to wind turbines with an axis of rotation of the rotor perpendicular to the direction of the wind.

The invention allows the construction of both small and large power plants. It works regardless of wind direction. There are no wind guidance mechanisms and other devices related to wind changes.

The well-known rotary wind turbine (see USSR author's certificate No. 992799, M. Cl. 3 F03D 3/00, publ. 1983, Bull. No. 4) has a wheel with a hub and flap mounted on it, to the ends of which spring-loaded profiled articulated the blades. The disadvantage of the wind wheel of this installation is that the power transmitted to the hub during rotation develops only when the blade passes on one side of the axis of rotation of the hub in the wind direction, and therefore the wind turbine has a relatively low efficiency.

In the USSR Author's Certificate No. 1622609, M. Cl. 5 F03D 9/00, publ. 1991, Bull. No. 3 describes a wind turbine having impellers of the lower and upper tiers, including holders mounted on a vertical shaft with stops and placed between the blade holders, each of which is made of aerodynamic profiles. The wheels rotate in different directions, while performing the functions of a rotary generator. This wind turbine also has a low efficiency, because the power of the wind flow is transmitted through the blades only on one side of the axis of rotation.

The rotor of a wind turbine, protected by the USSR Copyright Certificate No. 992800, M. Cl. 3 F03D 3/00, publ. 1983, Bull. No. 4, contains a vertical shaft installed in the supports, at the ends of which two rod frames are attached, interconnected by a set of vertical rods, and flat blades pivotally attached to one of their sides on the rods, the rotor being provided with rings placed between the end surfaces of the blades in two the rod at each radius, and the rods with pivotally attached blades mounted on the outer rings, and the difference in the radii of each outer and inner ring is less than the width of the blade.

In the described design of the rotor of the wind turbine, only half of the blades interacts with the wind flow, therefore, a wind turbine with such a rotor has a relatively low efficiency.

Carousel wind turbine described in USSR Author's Certificate No. 846777, M. Cl. 3 F03D 3/00, publ. 1981, Bull. No. 26, contains a fixed axis, blades mounted with the possibility of independent rotation on the max, ratchet mechanisms according to the number of blades, the ratchet wheel of each of which is fixed on the axis and is equipped with a female ring having a lever connected by a rod to the blade. The disadvantage of this wind turbine is its low reliability and high metal consumption due to the presence of ratchet mechanisms and rods.

A wind wheel is known according to the Copyright Certificate of the USSR No. 1483081, F03D 3/02, Bull. No. 20, which contains a fixed axis, blades mounted with the possibility of independent rotation on a max 360 degree swing, one weather vane and a mechanism that rigidly connects all the blades and ensures a clear position of the blade from the direction of the wind and the rotation of the impeller - provide maximum wind turbine efficiency.

The disadvantage of this wind turbine is its complex design, unreliable operation and unprotected structural elements from environmental influences.

Known wind turbine (RU, patent for the invention No. 2380567 C2, F03D 3/00, published in 2010, Bull. No. 3) containing an impeller mounted on a vertical shaft, made in the form of rotary blades mounted between the upper and lower rims mounted on brackets associated with the shaft coupled to the electric generator and the blade control mechanism, each blade equipped with a blade control mechanism in the form of a weather vane and a rotary device mounted on a vertical shaft coaxially with the blade, a rotary device with It is from a differential, one shaft of which is rigidly connected to the axis of the weather vane, the second shaft is rigidly connected to the rim of the impeller, and the differential case is rigidly connected to the axis of the re-blade.

The disadvantages of this wind turbine include design complexity, low efficiency. This wind turbine is adopted as the closest analogue.

The problem to which the claimed invention is directed is to simplify the design, more efficient use of energy of the air flow.

EFFECT: reduced cost of a wind turbine, increased efficiency, increased power.

The specified technical result when creating the invention is achieved by the fact that in the known rotary wind turbine containing an impeller mounted on a vertical shaft, made in the form of rotary blades placed between the upper and lower rims, mounted on brackets connected to a shaft coupled to an electric generator, according to the invention of the blade mounted on the rotary shafts cantilever, and the shafts of the blades are installed between the upper and lower brackets and are fixed in sliding bearings, while the lower the thrust bearing has a ball bearing, the width of the rotary blade is greater than the distance between the axes of the shafts, which serve as limiters for the rotation of the blades, the vertical impeller shaft is hollow and fixed on the axis by rolling bearings, the axis is mounted on a fixed base and serves as a support for the wind turbine.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a carousel wind turbine, side view.

Figure 2 is a top view.

Figure 3 - remote element I of figure 1.

Figure 4 - remote element II of figure 1.

The rotary wind turbine consists of an impeller 1, a fixed base 2, a hollow shaft 3, a vertical axis 4, an upper rim 5, a lower rim 6, brackets 7, rotary blades 8, shafts 9 of rotary blades, bearings 10, bearings, ball bearings 11, bearings 12 rolling element, bearing housing 13, cover 14 of the bearing housing, annular path 15, drive wheels 16, gearbox 17, electric generator 18. Rotary blades 8 are mounted cantilevered on the shafts 9 and brackets 7 between the upper 5 and lower 6 rims. The shafts 9 of the rotary blades 8 are installed in the bearings 10, and the bearing 10 has a ball bearing 11. The width of the blades is greater than the distance between the axes of the shafts 9, which limit the rotation of the blades. The blades 8 are automatically oriented in any direction of the wind, the impeller rotates in one direction. The shaft 3 of the impeller 1 is hollow mounted on a vertical axis 4 on the rolling bearings 12 installed in the housing 13 with the cover 14. The impeller 1 is supported by an angular contact bearing 12 and has an annular path 15 having friction engagement with the drive wheels 16, providing torque transmission through the gear 17 to the generator 18.

Carousel wind turbine operates as follows. When the air flow affects the rotary blades 8, the impeller 1 begins to rotate around a vertical axis 4, mounted on a fixed base 2, in one half of the impeller, the blades are in the working position and create torque, in the second half the blades automatically turn when exposed to air flow and move with minimal resistance. This creates a pressure difference relative to the axis and the impeller rotates, transmitting torque through an annular path, a support-drive wheel, a gearbox to an electric generator. The number and surface area of the rotary blades can be changed in proportion to the power of the wind turbine.

Compared with the prototype, the inventive rotary wind turbine with the same dimensions has a lower cost, greater power and efficiency.

Claims (1)

A rotary wind turbine containing an impeller mounted on a vertical shaft, made in the form of rotary blades located between the upper and lower rims, mounted on brackets connected to a shaft articulated with an electric generator, characterized in that the blades are mounted on the rotary shafts cantilever and the blade shafts are mounted between the upper and lower brackets and are fixed in sliding bearings, while the lower support bearing has a ball bearing, the width of the rotary blade is greater than the distance between the axes of the shafts, which serve as limiters for the rotation of the blades, the vertical impeller shaft is hollow and fixed on the axis by rolling bearings, the axis is fixed on a fixed base and serves as a support for the wind turbine.

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