RU2366841C1 - Hydraulic ram-airlift - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydraulics and can be used for water lifting. Hydraulic ram-airlift comprises two water delivery pipes with impact valves lined up by rotary rocker. One pipe communicates, via inlet valve, with water lifting stage consisting of water delivery pipe, overflow cap and pressure pond. The other pipe communicates with air pressure stage consisting of air duct and pressure cap. Water delivery pipes communicate with water pond via delivery pipe and are furnished with return valves. Water delivery pipe of water lifting stage communicates additionally with the 2^nd water delivery pipe. Pressure cap communicates with overflow cap via outlet valve. Water delivery pipe passes through overflow cap. Part of the pipe located in overflow cap is furnished with compressed air holes. Water delivery pipes located between inlet and return valves feature flexible material inner inserts arranged to form a cavity between the said insert and pipe. Aforesaid cavity communicates with atmosphere via inlet valve and with pressure stage air duct via outlet valve.

EFFECT: higher efficiency.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of technical hydraulics and can be used in places of a difference in water levels, for example, on dams of artificial reservoirs.

Known hydraulic ram (Shterenlikht D.V. Hydraulics: Textbook for high schools. - M .: Kolos, 2004, pp. 292-293), including a shock valve, discharge valve, air cap, feed pipe, discharge pipe and a receiving tank. Through the feed pipe, the ram connects to the pool located above the ram mark, and through the discharge pipe to the receiving tank.

The disadvantage of a hydraulic ram is that when water passes through pipes and valves, part of the flow energy is lost when the flow accelerates to a speed at which a hydraulic shock is possible, thereby reducing the efficiency devices.

A hydraulic ram is also known (see RU 2239102, 10.27.2004, F04F 7/02), comprising a water-lifting stage including a supply pipe with a shock valve, a pressure cap with an inlet and outlet valve, and also a pipe connecting the cap with a water tank. The ram is equipped with an air pressure stage, the cap of which with the inlet and drain valves is connected to an overflow chamber located above the caps. The drain valve is connected by a pivot arm to a shock valve. The shock valves of both stages are connected by a rotary beam.

A disadvantage of the known ram is its low efficiency, due to the cyclical supply of water to the water supply pipe, due to the sequential operation of the main water-lifting stage, operating in pump mode, and the air pressure stage, operating in compressor mode. When water is drained from the cap for air supply, air pressure drops in it and the water supply from the overflow chamber to the water supply pipe is interrupted. In addition, the device does not allow to use all the energy of direct hydraulic shock, since only part of the water enters the air caps in the vicinity of the shock and supply valves due to the elastic compression of water, and the other part is spent on the formation of a backward shock wave in the supply pipes, the energy of which unproductively spent on their elastic expansion. The above reduces the efficiency of the ram.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency devices by increasing the energy efficiency of direct water hammer and ensuring the supply of water in each cycle.

To solve this problem, in a hydraulic airlift ram containing two water supply pipes with shock valves connected by a rotary beam, one pipe through the inlet valve is connected to a water lifting stage, including a water supply pipe, an overflow cap and a water pressure tank, and the other to an air pressure stage, comprising an air duct and a pressure cap, according to the invention, the water supply pipes are connected to the water body by one supply pipe and are equipped with check valves, the water supply pipe to the water-lifting stupa is not additionally connected to the second water supply pipe, in addition, the pressure cap is made in communication with the overflow cap by means of an exhaust valve, the water supply pipe of the water-lifting step is passed through the overflow cap, and the part of the pipe located in the overflow cap is made with openings for supplying compressed air, and the water supply the pipes in the area between the inlet and non-return valves are made with internal inserts of elastic material installed with the formation of a cavity between the insert and the pipe, to Thoraya communicated with the atmosphere via the inlet valve and is connected to duct air pressure stage through an outlet valve.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a schematic diagram of a device.

In the drawing are indicated:

1 - water pressure vessel;

2 - a reservoir;

3 - feed pipe;

4, 5 - check valves;

6, 24 - exhaust air valves;

7, 23 - inlet air valves;

8, 15 - inner insert of elastic material;

9, 14 - rigid casing of water supply pipes;

10, 13 - inlet valves;

11,12 - shock valves;

16.17 - nozzles;

18 - overflow cap;

19 - a water supply pipe;

20 - pressure cap;

21, 22 - air ducts;

25 - rotary beam

26 - exhaust valve;

27 - holes on the water supply pipe.

The hydraulic ram-lift contains a supply pipe 3 connected at one end through a nozzle (to reduce the input resistance) to a reservoir 2, and to the other through a tee with two functionally equivalent end shock sections of water supply pipes, the middle part of which is equipped with an insert of elastic material 8, 15 whose elastic modulus, for example, is an order of magnitude lower than the elastic modulus of water. These sections are placed in rigid cases 9 and 14 of a material with an elastic modulus, for example, an order of magnitude higher than the elastic modulus of water. At the ends of the shock sections mounted shock valves 11 and 12, interconnected by a rotary beam 25 with a balancer (not shown). On the side of the shock valves 11, 12, the end sections are equipped with inlet valves 10 and 13, which provide alternating communication through the nozzles 16 and 17 with the water supply pipe 19. The cavities between the inserts 8 and 15 and the bodies 9 and 14, respectively, are connected to the atmosphere through the inlet valves 7 and 23 and through the exhaust air valves 6 and 24 through the ducts 21 and 22 with the pressure cap 20, which in the lower part is in communication with the overflow cap 18 through the exhaust valve 26. The water supply pipe 19 in the section located in the overflow cap is made with holes 2 7, designed to pass air into the water supply pipe 19.

Hydraulic ram-lift works as follows.

With the valves 12 and 4 open, water flows out of the reservoir 2 through the supply pipe 3 and the insert 15 from an elastic material. When the flow reaches a certain speed and pressure on the valve 12, the latter closes. When the water flow stops abruptly, a hydraulic shock occurs with a sharp increase in pressure, under which the insert 15 of elastic material expands, the valve 13 opens, supplying water to the pipe 16. At the same time, valve 24 opens, supplying air from the cavity between the insert 15 and the pipe body 14 to the duct 20 and further to the pressure cap 20, and the valve 4 closes. Further, water from the enclosed space enters the nozzle 16 due to the accumulated energy of the insert 15 from the elastic material and compressed air from the pressure cap 20 to the overflow cap 18 and then to the water supply pipe 19. Air bubbles entering the water supply pipe 19 fill the latter and rise upward, pushing water, i.e. the water supply pipe 19 at this time works as an airlift. At the same time, lower pressure energy is required for lifting water. In the process of elastic restoration of the portion 15, the valve 23 opens and the cavity is filled with atmospheric air. During the time period of the hydraulic shock at the first end section, the shock valve 11 of the second section is open and here the water flows out and its speed increases to the value at which the next hydraulic shock occurs, proceeding similarly to that described above in the first section. Thus, hydraulic shocks follow alternately in the first and second sections, due to which there is a continuous supply of water to the water receiving tank 1. At the same time, a constant speed is established in the supply pipe 3, which increases the frequency of hydraulic shocks, since it does not take time to accelerate the water flow to certain speed.

Thus, in the proposed ram-airlift provides an increase in efficiency about 1.5 times compared with the closest analogue due to the provision of water supply in each cycle and more efficient use of direct hydraulic shock energy.

Claims (1)

A hydraulic ram airlift containing two water supply pipes with shock valves connected by a rotary beam, one pipe through the inlet valve is connected to a water lifting stage, including a water supply pipe, an overflow cap and a water pressure tank, and the other to an air pressure stage, including an air duct and a pressure cap characterized in that the water supply pipes are connected to the reservoir by one supply pipe and are equipped with check valves, the water supply pipe of the water-lifting stage is additionally connected to the second the water supply pipe, in addition, the pressure cap is made in communication with the overflow cap by means of an exhaust valve, the water supply pipe of the water-lifting stage is passed through the overflow cap, and the part of the pipe located in the overflow cap is made with openings for supplying compressed air, and the water supply pipes in the area between the inlet and non-return valves are made with internal inserts of elastic material installed with the formation of a cavity between the insert and the pipe, which is in communication with the atmosphere through inlet valve and is connected to the air duct of the air pressure stage through the exhaust valve.

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