JP6433422B2 - Refrigeration cycle equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus including a heat storage device in a refrigerant circuit.

  As a conventional technique, a heat storage device is arranged in the refrigerant circuit, and at the time of heating start-up or when the outdoor heat exchanger is defrosted at a low outdoor temperature, the heat stored in the heat storage device is used for quick heating operation. There is known a refrigeration cycle apparatus that starts or shortens the defrosting operation time.

  When storing heat in the heat storage device of such a refrigeration cycle device, for example, a separate heating unit is provided as a heat source in the heat storage device, and during the heat storage operation, the system that drives the heating unit or exhaust heat from the shell of the compressor There is a configuration in which heat is transferred to a heat storage material to perform a heat storage operation, or a discharge refrigerant of a compressor is used as a heat source (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

JP 2000-291985 A Japanese Patent No. 2503637

  The conventional heat storage device requires additional equipment and electric power by preparing a heating unit for the heat storage device, which is an external heat source, and because the heat storage device takes away the exhaust heat from the compressor shell, There is a problem that the rise is worse, and that the rise of the heating is also worsened because heat for storing heat is taken from the refrigerant discharged from the compressor.

  The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and does not require an external heat source. Also, heating is started by taking necessary heat from the refrigeration cycle as a heat storage heat source. An object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration cycle device that stores heat in a heat storage device without adversely affecting the temperature, shortens the time of defrosting operation, and improves indoor comfort.

The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present invention includes a compressor, one or a plurality of usage-side heat exchangers, one or a plurality of usage-side flow rate adjustment valves corresponding to the usage-side heat exchanger, a heat source side flow rate adjustment valve, A heat source side heat exchanger, and during heating operation, the compressor, the use side heat exchanger, the use side flow rate adjustment valve, the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve, and the heat source side heat exchanger in this order A refrigerating cycle device in which the refrigerant circulates, and a heat storage device that stores heat by exchanging heat with the circulating refrigerant is provided between the use-side flow rate adjustment valve and the heat source-side flow rate adjustment valve, and the discharge side of the compressor A first bypass circuit connected to the refrigerant inlet side of the heat source side heat exchanger, a first bypass flow rate adjustment valve provided in the first bypass circuit, the use side flow rate adjustment valve, and the heat storage device The refrigerant is absorbed from the compressor through the heat storage device. A second bypass circuit connected to the side, and a second bypass flow rate adjusting valve provided in the second bypass circuit, the providing comprises at least heating the heat storage operation mode and the defrosting operation mode, the heat storage device, the A heat dissipation heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the second bypass circuit, and a heat storage heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the refrigerant between the use side flow rate adjustment valve and the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve, In the heating heat storage operation mode, the first bypass flow rate adjustment valve and the second bypass flow rate adjustment valve are closed, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is guided to the heat storage device via the use side heat exchanger, The use side flow rate adjustment valve and the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve are opened so that the refrigerant passing through the heat storage device becomes an intermediate pressure between the condensation pressure of the use side heat exchanger and the evaporation pressure of the heat source side heat exchanger. Degree is set, the heat storage In the defrosting and heating operation mode, the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve is closed, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is supplied to the first bypass circuit, the heat source side heat exchanger, and the compressor. The opening degree of the first bypass flow rate adjustment valve is controlled so as to be circulated in order, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is circulated in the order of the use side heat exchanger, the second bypass circuit, and the compressor. Further, the opening degree of the second bypass flow rate adjustment valve is controlled .

  According to the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present invention, when the heat storage device is heated, the liquid refrigerant that has radiated heat at the use side heat exchanger and finished the heating operation is used as a heat source, thereby providing another heat source for heating the heat storage device. The heat storage device can be warmed up. In addition, since the exhaust heat of the compressor shell in the refrigeration cycle and the heat of the discharged refrigerant are not used as the heat source, it is possible to provide a refrigeration cycle apparatus in which the heating operation starts quickly.

1 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a Mollier diagram at the time of the heating heat storage driving | operation of the refrigerating-cycle apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. It is the figure which showed the heating capability at the time of the defrost operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a Mollier diagram at the time of heating heat storage operation of the refrigerating cycle device concerning Embodiment 2 and 3. 6 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 3. FIG. It is a Mollier diagram at the time of heating defrosting operation of the refrigerating cycle device concerning Embodiment 3. It is the figure which showed the heating capability at the time of the heating defrost operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 4. FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first embodiment. The compressor 1, the heat source side heat exchanger 2, the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve 3, the four-way valve 4, the use side heat exchanger 5, and the heat storage device 6 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 7 to constitute a refrigeration cycle apparatus. The heat storage device 6 of the refrigeration cycle device is provided between the use side heat exchanger 5 and the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve 3.

Next, the heating heat storage operation and the defrosting operation in the first embodiment will be described.
[Heating heat storage operation]
When the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first embodiment is operated for heating, the gas refrigerant exiting the compressor 1 is condensed in the use-side heat exchanger 5 and becomes liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has exited from the use-side heat exchanger 5 passes through the heat storage device 6. At this time, the heat storage device 6 is stored with a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant dissipates heat to the heat storage device 6 to be in a supercooled state, evaporates in the heat source side heat exchanger 2 through the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve 3, and is sucked into the compressor 1.

  FIG. 2 is a Mollier diagram at the time of heating and heat storage operation. As shown in FIG. 2, the high-pressure liquid refrigerant condensed in the use side heat exchanger 5 continues to be supercooled through the heat storage device 6. The opening degree of the heat source side flow rate adjusting valve 3 is controlled by the degree of supercooling of the outlet refrigerant of the use side heat exchanger 5 or the degree of superheat of the outlet refrigerant of the heat source side heat exchanger 2.

  Thus, when the heat storage device 6 is heated, the heat storage device 6 is provided without providing a separate heat source for heating the heat storage device 6 by using the high-pressure liquid refrigerant radiated by the use-side heat exchanger 5 and finishing the heating operation as a heat source. 6 can be warmed. Moreover, since the exhaust heat of the compressor shell in the refrigeration cycle and the heat of the discharged refrigerant are not used, the start-up of the heating operation is not deteriorated.

[Defrosting operation]
Next, the operation at the time of defrosting the heat source side heat exchanger 2 will be described. The four-way valve 4 is switched from the heating and heat storage operation, and the gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is sent to the heat source side heat exchanger 2 to be condensed and defrosted. The condensed liquid refrigerant is sent to the heat storage device 6 via the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve 3 and is evaporated by the heat stored during the heating heat storage operation. The evaporated gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 1 through the use side heat exchanger 5. The heat-source-side flow rate adjustment valve 3 during the defrosting operation has a fully opened opening.

Thus, the change of the heating capacity which compared the time when the defrost operation of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 was performed with the heat stored in the heat storage device 6 and the time when the defrost operation was performed in a refrigeration cycle without the heat storage device 6 Is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the defrosting operation of the refrigeration cycle with the heat storage device 6 is shorter than the refrigeration cycle without the heat storage device 6, and the defrosting time is shortened and the heating operation is restored in a short time from the start of the defrosting operation.
For this reason, the indoor comfort at the time of heating operation improves.

  The heat storage device 6 includes a type incorporated in the outdoor unit and a type arranged by being interrupted in the middle of the refrigerant pipe outside the outdoor unit. In the case of installing outside, it is possible to enhance the defrosting capability without increasing the installation area in plan view by installing it in the lower part of the outdoor unit. Moreover, it is also possible to employ | adopt the heat storage apparatus 6 to the existing outdoor unit by arrange | positioning the heat storage apparatus 6 outside an outdoor unit.

  As the heat storage material built in the heat storage device 6, either a sensible heat storage material or a latent heat storage material can be adopted. From the viewpoint of heat capacity, a latent heat storage material is preferable. For example, paraffin or polyethylene glycol having a melting point higher than 0 ° C. is preferable. By using a latent heat storage material having a melting point of 0 ° C. or higher, a sufficient amount of heat during the defrosting operation can be secured.

  The refrigerant flow path in the heat storage device 6 may have any shape as long as it can contact the heat storage material with a large area for heat transfer. For example, a spiral heat transfer tube or a plate heat exchanger shape can be considered.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the second embodiment is a refrigeration according to the first embodiment in that it includes a plurality of usage-side heat exchangers 5 and a usage-side flow rate adjustment valve 8 corresponding to the plurality of usage-side heat exchangers 5. Different from the device.
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the second embodiment. The compressor 1, the heat source side heat exchanger 2, the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve 3, the four-way valve 4, the use side heat exchanger 5, the use side flow rate adjustment valve 8, and the heat storage device 6 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 7, and a refrigeration cycle Configure the device. The heat storage device 6 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus is provided between the use side flow rate adjustment valve 8 and the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve 3.

Next, the heating and heat storage operation and the defrosting operation in the second embodiment will be described.
[Heating heat storage operation]
When the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 2 is operated for heating, the gas refrigerant exiting the compressor 1 is condensed in the use-side heat exchanger 5 and becomes liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant exiting the use side heat exchanger 5 passes through the heat storage device 6 via the use side flow rate adjustment valve 8. At this time, the heat storage device 6 is stored with a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant dissipates heat to the heat storage device 6 to be in a supercooled state, evaporates in the heat source side heat exchanger 2 through the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve 3, and is sucked into the compressor 1.

  FIG. 5 is a Mollier diagram at the time of heating and heat storage operation. As shown in FIG. 5, the high-pressure liquid refrigerant condensed in the use-side heat exchanger 5 becomes an intermediate pressure between the condensing pressure and the evaporation pressure after the first-stage pressure reduction is performed by the use-side flow rate adjustment valve 8. Then, it is supercooled through the heat storage device 6. Then, the second pressure reduction is performed by the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve 3 and the heat source side heat exchanger 2 evaporates. At this time, the use side flow rate adjustment valve 8 controls the opening degree by the degree of supercooling of the outlet refrigerant of the use side heat exchanger 5 or the degree of superheat of the outlet refrigerant of the heat source side heat exchanger 2. Further, the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve 3 controls the opening degree so that the refrigerant radiated by the upstream heat storage device 6 becomes an intermediate pressure between the condensation pressure and the evaporation pressure.

  When the heat storage device 6 is heated in this way, the high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has radiated heat at the plurality of use-side heat exchangers 5 and finished the heating operation is reduced to an intermediate pressure by the use-side flow rate adjustment valve 8 and used as a heat source. Thus, the heat storage device 6 can be warmed without providing another heat source for heating the heat storage device 6. Moreover, since the exhaust heat of the compressor shell in the refrigeration cycle and the heat of the discharged refrigerant are not used as in the first embodiment, the start-up of the heating operation is not deteriorated.

[Defrosting operation]
Next, the operation at the time of defrosting the heat source side heat exchanger 2 will be described.
The flow of the refrigerant is the same as in the first embodiment. However, in the second embodiment, the defrosting operation is performed with the opening degree of the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve 3 and the use side flow rate adjustment valve 8 being both fully opened.
And the change of the heating capability which compared the time when the defrost operation of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 was performed with the heat stored in the heat storage device 6 and the time when the defrost operation was performed in the refrigeration cycle without the heat storage device 6 is FIG. 3 shows the same as in the first embodiment.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
In the third embodiment, by providing a bypass refrigerant circuit in the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the second embodiment, the heating operation and the defrosting operation can be performed simultaneously.

  FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the third embodiment. Compressor 1, heat source side heat exchanger 2, heat source side flow rate adjustment valve 3, four-way valve 4, use side heat exchanger 5, use side flow rate adjustment valve 8, heat storage heat exchanger 6 a, and heat radiation heat exchanger 6 b A built-in heat storage device 6 is connected by a refrigerant pipe 7 to constitute a refrigeration cycle device. Further, in this refrigeration cycle, a first bypass circuit 9 connected from the discharge side of the compressor 1 to the refrigerant inlet side of the heat source side heat exchanger 2, and a first bypass flow rate provided in the first bypass circuit 9 A second bypass circuit 11 branched from the refrigerant pipe 7 between the regulating valve 10, the use side flow regulating valve 8 and the heat storage device 6 and connected to the suction refrigerant pipe of the compressor 1 through the heat exchanger 6b for heat radiation; A second bypass flow rate adjustment valve 12 provided in the second bypass circuit 11 is provided.

Next, the heating heat storage operation and the heating defrosting operation in the third embodiment will be described.
[Heating heat storage operation]
When the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the third embodiment is operated for heating, the first bypass flow rate adjustment valve 10 and the second bypass flow rate adjustment valve 12 are fully closed and the operation is performed in the same manner as in the second embodiment.
The gas refrigerant exiting the compressor 1 is condensed in the use side heat exchanger 5 and becomes a liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has exited from the use side heat exchanger 5 passes through the heat storage heat exchanger 6 a in the heat storage device 6 via the use side flow rate adjustment valve 8. At this time, the heat storage device 6 is stored with a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant dissipates heat to the heat storage device 6 to be in a supercooled state, evaporates in the heat source side heat exchanger 2 through the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve 3, and is sucked into the compressor 1.

  The Mollier diagram at the time of the heating and heat storage operation in the third embodiment is the same as that in the second embodiment and is as shown in FIG. That is, the high-pressure liquid refrigerant condensed in the use-side heat exchanger 5 is reduced to the first stage by the use-side flow rate adjustment valve 8 and then becomes an intermediate pressure between the condensing pressure and the evaporation pressure. 6 is supercooled. Then, the second pressure reduction is performed by the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve 3 and the heat source side heat exchanger 2 evaporates. At this time, the use side flow rate adjustment valve 8 controls the opening degree by the degree of supercooling of the outlet refrigerant of the use side heat exchanger 5 or the degree of superheat of the outlet refrigerant of the heat source side heat exchanger 2. Further, the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve 3 controls the opening degree so that the refrigerant radiated by the upstream heat storage device 6 becomes an intermediate pressure between the condensation pressure and the evaporation pressure.

[Heating defrosting operation]
Next, the heating defrosting operation in which the heating operation is performed while defrosting the heat source side heat exchanger 2 will be described.
In the heating defrosting operation, the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve 3 is fully closed, the first bypass flow rate adjustment valve 10 and the second bypass flow rate adjustment valve 12 are opened, and the gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is used on the usage side. Heat exchanger 5, second bypass circuit 11, heating circuit that circulates to compressor 1, and gas refrigerant discharged from compressor 1 to first bypass circuit 9, heat source side heat exchanger 2, compressor 1 It branches to the defrost circuit to circulate and performs heating operation and defrost operation simultaneously.

  The Mollier diagram at the time of this heating defrosting operation is shown in FIG. The gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 branches into two, one of which condenses in the use side heat exchanger 5 and is depressurized by the use side flow rate adjustment valve 8 and the second bypass flow rate adjustment valve 12 to release heat from the heat storage device 6. It evaporates in the heat exchanger 6b and is sucked into the compressor 1. The other side of the branched gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is depressurized by the first bypass flow rate adjusting valve 10 and then condensed by the heat source side heat exchanger 2 to perform defrosting.

Comparison between the time when the defrosting operation is performed in the refrigeration cycle apparatus including the bypass circuit for the heating defrosting operation and the heat storage device 6 and the time when the defrosting operation is performed in the refrigeration cycle without the heat storage device 6 The change in the heating capacity is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 8, the defrosting operation of the refrigeration cycle having the bypass circuit for the heating defrosting operation and the heat storage device 6 as compared with the refrigeration cycle without the heat storage device 6 enables the heating operation even during the defrosting operation. This improves indoor comfort during the defrosting operation.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
Although Embodiment 1-3 is embodiment which assumed heating operation or defrosting operation, if the thermal storage apparatus 6 is functioned at the time of air_conditionaing | cooling operation, a low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant | coolant will cool-store and heat-store a thermal storage material through the thermal storage apparatus 6. As a result, the rise of the cooling operation is worsened.
The fourth embodiment is a refrigeration cycle apparatus in which a heat storage device bypass circuit 13 for bypassing a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is provided in the heat storage device 6 in order to suppress a decrease in capacity at the start of cooling operation.

  FIG. 9 shows a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the fourth embodiment. In this refrigeration cycle apparatus, the heat storage device 6 is provided with a heat storage device bypass circuit 13 that allows the refrigerant to flow from the heat source side heat exchanger 2 to the use side heat exchanger 5. The heat storage device bypass circuit 13 is provided with a check valve 14 to regulate the flow of the refrigerant. In addition, the refrigerant pipe 7 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus is provided with a check valve 15 for blocking the refrigerant flow from the heat source side heat exchanger 2 to the heat storage apparatus 6 side, thereby restricting the refrigerant flow.

When this refrigeration cycle apparatus is in a cooling operation, when the refrigerant flows from the heat source side heat exchanger 2 to the use side heat exchanger 5, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant flows by bypassing the heat storage device 6, thereby reducing the capacity when starting the cooling operation. Can be suppressed.
In addition, the heat storage device bypass circuit 13 of the fourth embodiment can be applied to the heat storage device 6 of the first to third embodiments.

  The refrigerant employed in the refrigeration cycle apparatus is not particularly limited, and for example, refrigerants such as R410A, R32, R407C, R404A, and HFO1234yf can be used from natural refrigerants such as carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, and helium. is there.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor, 2 Heat source side heat exchanger, 3 Heat source side flow control valve, 4 Four way valve, 5 Use side heat exchanger, 6 Heat storage device, 6a Heat storage heat exchanger, 6b Heat dissipation heat exchanger, 7 Refrigerant piping , 8 User-side flow rate adjustment valve, 9 First bypass circuit, 10 First bypass flow rate adjustment valve, 11 Second bypass circuit, 12 Second bypass flow rate adjustment valve, 13 Heat storage device bypass circuit, 14 Check valve, 15 Check valve.

Claims (2)

A compressor, one or more use side heat exchangers, one or more use side flow rate adjustment valves corresponding to the use side heat exchangers, a heat source side flow rate adjustment valve, and a heat source side heat exchanger. Have
In the refrigeration cycle apparatus in which the refrigerant circulates in the order of the compressor, the use side heat exchanger, the use side flow rate adjustment valve, the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve, and the heat source side heat exchanger during heating operation,
A heat storage device that stores heat by exchanging heat with a circulating refrigerant is provided between the use side flow rate adjustment valve and the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve,
A first bypass circuit connected from a discharge side of the compressor to a refrigerant inlet side of the heat source side heat exchanger, a first bypass flow rate adjustment valve provided in the first bypass circuit, and the use side flow rate adjustment valve And a second bypass circuit that branches from between the heat storage device and connects to the refrigerant suction side of the compressor through the heat storage device, and a second bypass flow rate adjustment valve provided in the second bypass circuit, Provided ,
At least a heating and heat storage operation mode and a defrosting heating operation mode,
The heat storage device
A heat dissipation heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the second bypass circuit, and a heat storage heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the refrigerant between the use side flow rate adjustment valve and the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve are incorporated. ,
The heating and heat storage operation mode is:
The first bypass flow rate adjustment valve and the second bypass flow rate adjustment valve are closed;
The refrigerant discharged from the compressor is guided to the heat storage device via the use side heat exchanger,
Between the use side flow rate adjustment valve and the heat source side flow rate adjustment valve so that the refrigerant passing through the heat storage device becomes an intermediate pressure between the condensation pressure of the use side heat exchanger and the evaporation pressure of the heat source side heat exchanger. The opening is set, heat storage of the heat storage device is performed,
The defrosting heating operation mode is:
The heat source side flow control valve is closed,
The opening degree of the first bypass flow rate adjustment valve is controlled so that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is circulated in the order of the first bypass circuit, the heat source side heat exchanger, and the compressor.
The refrigeration is characterized in that the opening degree of the second bypass flow rate adjustment valve is controlled so that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is circulated in the order of the use side heat exchanger, the second bypass circuit, and the compressor. Cycle equipment. Wherein the heat storage device, the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the thermal storage apparatus during the cooling operation to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a heat accumulator bypass circuit in which the refrigerant bypasses.

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