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WO2025066981A1 - Dispositif électronique - Google Patents

Dispositif électronique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025066981A1
WO2025066981A1 PCT/CN2024/119411 CN2024119411W WO2025066981A1 WO 2025066981 A1 WO2025066981 A1 WO 2025066981A1 CN 2024119411 W CN2024119411 W CN 2024119411W WO 2025066981 A1 WO2025066981 A1 WO 2025066981A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiator
resonance
antenna
electronic device
electronic component
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2024/119411
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王家明
余冬
赵方超
席宝坤
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Publication of WO2025066981A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025066981A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular to an electronic device.
  • the communication frequency bands of electronic equipment will continue to coexist with the third-generation mobile communication technology (3G), fourth-generation mobile communication technology (4G), and fifth-generation mobile communication technology (5G) for a long time, and the number of antennas required will increase.
  • 3G third-generation mobile communication technology
  • 4G fourth-generation mobile communication technology
  • 5G fifth-generation mobile communication technology
  • the present application provides an electronic device, including an antenna.
  • the antenna uses the conductive part of the frame of the electronic device as a radiator.
  • the antenna can generate a first resonance and a second resonance by feeding an electrical signal to the radiator in an indirect coupling manner.
  • the two resonances can jointly form a resonant frequency band to expand the bandwidth, and the antenna has good radiation efficiency and system efficiency in the resonant frequency band.
  • an electronic device comprising: a floor; a frame, at least a portion of the frame is spaced apart from the floor, the frame comprises a first position, a second position and a third position arranged in sequence, the frame has a first slit and a second slit respectively at the first position and the second position, and the frame is coupled to the floor at the third position; an antenna, the antenna comprising: a first radiator and a second radiator, the first radiator comprises a conductive portion of the frame between the first position and the second position, the second radiator comprises a conductive portion of the frame between the second position and the third position, a length L1 of the first radiator and a length L2 of the second radiator satisfying: L1 ⁇ 1.5 ⁇ L2, and L2 ⁇ 1.5 ⁇ L1; a first electronic component and a second electronic component , the first end of the first radiator includes a first connection point and a second connection point, the first end of the second radiator includes a third connection point, the first end of the first electronic component is coupled to
  • the first resonance and the second resonance generated by the two radiators can jointly support the first operating frequency band of the electronic device 10 .
  • the first resonance and the second resonance can both be regarded as being generated by the slot CM mode. Since the slot CM mode has higher radiation efficiency and system efficiency, the antenna has better radiation efficiency and system efficiency within the working frequency band formed by the first resonance and the second resonance.
  • the antenna also includes a third electronic element; the second end of the first radiator includes a fourth connection point, the first end of the third electronic element is coupled to the fourth connection point, and the second end of the third electronic element is coupled to the floor.
  • the third electronic component can be used to simultaneously determine the radiation characteristics (for example, the resonance point frequency of the resonance) when the antenna generates the first resonance and the second resonance.
  • the third electronic component can also be used to adjust the balance between the first radiator and the second radiator when the antenna resonates.
  • the balance between the first radiator and the second radiator can be understood as reducing the difference in the intensity of the electric field generated by the first radiator (the intensity of the current) and the intensity of the electric field generated by the second radiator (the intensity of the current) when the antenna resonates, so that when the user holds the electronic device in the left hand or the right hand, the impact on the radiation characteristics of the antenna is roughly the same, and the radiation characteristics of the antenna will not be greatly different due to different holding postures of the user.
  • the first connection point coincides with the second connection point, and/or the third connection point coincides with the feeding point.
  • the first electronic component is a capacitive component, based on the center frequency of the first frequency band being less than or equal to 1 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component is greater than 3 pF and less than or equal to 5 pF, based on the center frequency of the first frequency band being greater than 1 GHz and less than or equal to 3 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component is greater than 0.5 pF and less than or equal to 3 pF, based on the center frequency of the first frequency band being greater than 3 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component is less than or equal to 0.5 pF, or, the first electronic component is an inductive component, and the equivalent inductance value of the first electronic component is less than or equal to 3 nH.
  • the second electronic component is a capacitive component, based on the center frequency of the first operating frequency band being less than or equal to 1 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the second electronic component is greater than 1.5 pF and less than or equal to 2 pF, based on the center frequency of the first operating frequency band being greater than 1 GHz and less than or equal to 3 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the second electronic component is greater than 0.5 pF and less than or equal to 1.5 pF, and based on the center frequency of the first operating frequency band being greater than 3 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the second electronic component is less than or equal to 0.5 pF.
  • the first electronic component can be used to adjust the grounding state of the first end of the first radiator, so as to determine the radiation characteristics (e.g., the resonance point frequency of the resonance) when the antenna generates the first resonance.
  • the second electronic component can be used to determine the radiation characteristics (e.g., the resonance point frequency of the resonance) when the antenna generates the second resonance.
  • the first position and the second position are located on a first side of the border; the length of the border between the first position and the center position of the first side is the same as the length of the border between the second position and the center position of the first side.
  • first position first slot
  • second position second slot
  • the symmetry between the first position (first slot) and the second position (second slot) can increase the symmetry of the antenna, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna (for example, operating bandwidth).
  • the electronic device also includes a charging interface; the first side is a bottom side of the electronic device, and a portion of the charging interface is located between the first position and the second position.
  • the charging interface when the charging interface is charging, a strong current will be generated near the charging interface. Since part of the charging interface is located on the first radiator and the feeding point of the antenna is located on the second radiator, the charging interface 260 has little effect on the radiation characteristics of the antenna when charging.
  • the first operating frequency band includes at least a frequency band of 1710 MHz-2170 MHz, and/or, 2300 MHz-2690 MHz.
  • the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the second resonance is greater than or equal to 150 MHz and less than or equal to 240 MHz; based on the fact that the first operating frequency band includes at least a frequency band of 2300 MHz-2690 MHz, the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the second resonance is greater than or equal to 200 MHz and less than or equal to 300 MHz.
  • the first electronic component includes a first switch and a plurality of first capacitors; wherein the first switch and the first capacitors are connected in series and coupled between the first connection point and the floor.
  • the second electronic component includes a second switch and a plurality of second capacitors; wherein the second switch and the second capacitors are connected in series and coupled between the second connection point and the third connection point.
  • the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator are in the same direction; at the resonance point of the second resonance, the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator are in the same direction.
  • the intensity of the current on the first radiator is greater than the intensity of the current on the second radiator; at the resonance point of the second resonance, the intensity of the current on the first radiator is less than the intensity of the current on the second radiator.
  • the first resonance is performed by the first radiator as the main radiator (the current on the first radiator or the electric field generated is relatively strong)
  • the second resonance is performed by the second radiator as the main radiator (the current on the second radiator or the electric field generated is relatively strong).
  • an equivalent capacitance value of the third electronic component is less than or equal to 1 pF.
  • the length L1 of the first radiator and the length L2 of the second radiator satisfy: L1 ⁇ 80% ⁇ L2 ⁇ L1 ⁇ 120%.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a diagram showing the structure of the common mode of the antenna provided in the present application and the corresponding distribution of current, electric field, and magnetic current.
  • FIG3 is a diagram showing the structure of the differential mode of the antenna provided in the present application and the corresponding distribution of current, electric field, and magnetic current.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an antenna 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 4 at the first resonance.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 4 at the second resonance.
  • FIG. 7 is a simulation result of the S parameters, radiation efficiency, and system efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is an S-parameter simulation result of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 13 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 10 at a first resonance point (eg, 2.65 GHz).
  • a first resonance point eg, 2.65 GHz
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 10 at the resonance point of the second resonance (eg, 1.95 GHz).
  • FIG. 16 is a simulation result of the electric field distribution of the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 17 is a simulation result of the electric field distribution of the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 8 .
  • FIG. 18 is a simulation result of the magnetic field distribution of the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 19 is a simulation result of the magnetic field distribution of the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 8 .
  • Coupling can be understood as direct coupling and/or indirect coupling, and "coupled connection” can be understood as direct coupling connection and/or indirect coupling connection.
  • Direct coupling can also be called “electrical connection”, which is understood as the physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the connection between different components in the circuit structure through physical lines such as printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wires that can transmit electrical signals; "indirect coupling” can be understood as two conductors being electrically conductive in an airless/non-contact manner.
  • indirect coupling can also be called capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by coupling between the gaps between two conductive parts to form an equivalent capacitor.
  • Component/device includes at least one of lumped component/device and distributed component/device.
  • Lumped component/device refers to the collective name for all components when the size of the component is much smaller than the wavelength relative to the circuit operating frequency. For the signal, regardless of any time, the component characteristics always remain fixed and are independent of frequency.
  • Distributed components/devices Unlike lumped components, if the size of the component is similar to or larger than the wavelength relative to the circuit operating frequency, then when the signal passes through the component, the characteristics of each point of the component itself will vary due to changes in the signal. At this time, the component as a whole cannot be regarded as a single entity with fixed characteristics, but should be called a distributed component.
  • Capacitance It can be understood as lumped capacitance and/or distributed capacitance.
  • Lumped capacitance refers to capacitive components, such as capacitors; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) refers to the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive parts separated by a certain gap.
  • Lumped inductance refers to inductive components, such as inductors; distributed inductance (or distributed inductance) refers to the equivalent inductance formed by a certain length of conductive parts.
  • Radiator It is a device in the antenna used to receive/send electromagnetic wave radiation.
  • the "antenna" in a narrow sense is understood as a radiator, which converts the waveguide energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into waveguide energy, which is used to radiate and receive radio waves.
  • the modulated high-frequency current energy (or waveguide energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator via the feeder line, and is converted into a certain polarized electromagnetic wave energy by the radiator and radiated in the desired direction.
  • the receiving radiator converts a certain polarized electromagnetic wave energy from a specific direction in space into modulated high-frequency current energy, which is transmitted to the receiver input via the feeder line.
  • the radiator may include a conductor with a specific shape and size, such as a linear or sheet shape, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape.
  • the linear radiator may be referred to as a linear antenna.
  • the linear radiator may be implemented by a conductive frame, and may also be referred to as a frame antenna.
  • the linear radiator may be implemented by a bracket conductor, and may also be referred to as a bracket antenna.
  • the linear radiator or the radiator of the linear antenna, has a wire diameter (e.g., including thickness and width) much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., less than 1/16 of the wavelength), and the length may be comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., the length is about 1/8 of the wavelength, or 1/8 to 1/4, or 1/4 to 1/2, or longer).
  • the main forms of linear antennas are dipole antennas, half-wave oscillator antennas, monopole antennas, loop antennas, and inverted F antennas (also known as IFA, Inverted F Antenna).
  • each dipole antenna generally includes two radiating branches, and each branch is fed by a feeding unit from the feeding end of the radiating branch.
  • an inverted-F antenna IFA
  • IFA inverted-F antenna
  • the IFA antenna has a feeding point and a grounding point, and is called an inverted-F antenna because its side view is an inverted F shape.
  • the sheet radiator may include a microstrip antenna, or a patch antenna, such as a planar inverted F antenna (also known as PIFA, Planar Inverted F Antenna).
  • the sheet radiator may be implemented by a planar conductor (such as a conductive sheet or a conductive coating, etc.).
  • the sheet radiator may include a conductive sheet, such as a copper sheet, etc.
  • the sheet radiator may include a conductive coating, such as a silver paste, etc.
  • the shape of the sheet radiator includes a circle, a rectangle, a ring, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape.
  • the structure of the microstrip antenna is generally composed of a dielectric substrate, a radiator and a floor, wherein the dielectric substrate is arranged between the radiator and the floor.
  • the radiator may also include a slot or a slit formed on the conductor, for example, a closed or semi-closed slot or slit formed on a grounded conductor surface.
  • a slotted or slitted radiator may be referred to as a slot antenna or a slot antenna.
  • the radial dimension (e.g., including the width) of the slot or slit of the slot antenna/slot antenna is much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., less than 1/16 of the wavelength), and the length dimension may be comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., the length is about 1/8 of the wavelength, or 1/8 to 1/4, or 1/4 to 1/2, or longer).
  • a radiator with a closed slot or slit may be referred to as a closed slot antenna.
  • a radiator with a semi-closed slot or slit (e.g., an opening is added to a closed slot or slit) may be referred to as an open slot antenna.
  • the slot shape is a long strip.
  • the length of the slot is about half a wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the length of the slot is about an integer multiple of the wavelength (e.g., one times the dielectric wavelength).
  • the slot can be fed by a transmission line connected across one or both sides thereof, thereby exciting a radio frequency electromagnetic field on the slot and radiating electromagnetic waves into space.
  • the radiator of the slot antenna or slot antenna can be realized by a conductive frame with both ends grounded, which can also be called a frame antenna; in this embodiment, it can be regarded as that the slot antenna or slot antenna includes a linear radiator, which is spaced apart from the floor and grounded at both ends of the radiator, thereby forming a closed or semi-closed slot or slot.
  • the radiator of the slot antenna or slot antenna can be realized by a bracket conductor with both ends grounded, which can also be called a bracket antenna.
  • the feed circuit is a combination of all circuits used for receiving and transmitting RF signals.
  • the feed circuit may include a transceiver and an RF front end circuit.
  • the "feed circuit” is understood in a narrow sense as a radio frequency chip (RFIC, radio frequency integrated circuit), and RFIC can be considered to include an RF front end chip and a transceiver.
  • the feed circuit has the function of converting radio waves (e.g., RF signals) and electrical signals (e.g., digital signals). Usually, it is considered to be the RF part.
  • the electronic device may further include a test socket (or referred to as a radio frequency socket or a radio frequency test socket).
  • the test socket may be used to insert a coaxial cable to test the characteristics of the radio frequency front-end circuit or the radiator of the antenna through the cable.
  • the radio frequency front-end circuit may be considered as a circuit portion coupled between the test socket and the transceiver.
  • the RF front-end circuit may be integrated into a RF front-end chip in the electronic device, or the RF front-end circuit and the transceiver may be integrated into a RF chip in the electronic device.
  • any two of the first/second/...Nth feeding circuits in the present application can share the same transceiver, for example, transmitting signals through a RF channel in a transceiver (for example, a port (pin) of a RF chip); they can also share a RF front-end circuit, for example, processing signals through a switch or amplifier in a RF front-end.
  • a transceiver for example, a port (pin) of a RF chip
  • a RF front-end circuit for example, processing signals through a switch or amplifier in a RF front-end.
  • two feeding circuits in the first/second/...Nth feeding circuits in the present application usually correspond to two radio frequency test sockets in the electronic device.
  • the matching circuit is a circuit used to adjust the radiation characteristics of the antenna.
  • the matching circuit is coupled to the feed circuit and the corresponding
  • the matching circuit is coupled between the test socket and the radiator.
  • the matching circuit is a combination of circuits coupled between the radiator and the floor.
  • the matching circuit may include a switch and/or an electronic component, and the switch may be an electronic component for switching the coupling connection of the radiator.
  • the matching circuit has the function of impedance matching and/or frequency tuning. Generally, it is considered to be a part of the antenna.
  • the grounding structure/feeding structure may include a connector, such as a metal spring, and the radiator is coupled to the floor through the grounding structure/feeding structure is coupled to the feeding circuit.
  • the feeding structure may include a transmission line/feeding line, and the grounding structure may include a grounding line.
  • the "end/point" in the first end/second end/feeding end/grounding end/feeding point/grounding point/connection point of the antenna radiator cannot be narrowly understood as an end point or end portion that is physically disconnected from other radiators, but can also be considered as a point or a section on a continuous radiator.
  • the "end/point" may include a connection/coupling area on the antenna radiator that is coupled to other conductive structures.
  • the feed end/feeding point may be a coupling area on the antenna radiator that is coupled to the feed structure (for example, an area facing a portion of the feed structure).
  • the ground end/grounding point may be a connection/coupling area on the antenna radiator that is coupled to the ground structure.
  • Open end, closed end In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to whether they are grounded. The closed end is grounded, and the open end is not grounded. In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to other conductors. The closed end is electrically connected to other conductors, and the open end is not electrically connected to other conductors. In one embodiment, the open end can also be referred to as a suspended end, a free end, an open end, or an open-circuit end. In one embodiment, the closed end can also be referred to as a grounded end or a short-circuit end. It should be understood that in some embodiments, other conductors can be coupled and connected through the open end to transfer coupling energy (which can be understood as transferring current).
  • the "closed end" can also be understood from the perspective of current distribution.
  • the closed end or the grounded end, etc. can be understood as a point with larger current on the radiator, or as a point with smaller electric field on the radiator.
  • the current distribution characteristics of larger current/small electric field can be maintained by coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the closed end.
  • the current distribution characteristics of larger current/small electric field can be maintained by opening a gap at or near the closed end (for example, a gap filled with insulating material).
  • the "open end" can also be understood from the perspective of current distribution.
  • the open end or suspended end, etc. can be understood as a point with smaller current on the radiator, or as a point with larger electric field on the radiator.
  • coupling electronic devices for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.
  • through the open end can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the smaller current point/larger electric field point.
  • radiator end at a gap (from the perspective of the structure of the radiator, it is similar to a radiator at an opening of an open end or a suspended end) with electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) can make the radiator end a point with larger current/smaller electric field.
  • electronic devices for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.
  • the “suspended radiator” mentioned in the embodiments of the present application means that the radiator is not directly connected to the feeder line/feeder branch and/or the grounding line/grounding branch, but is fed and/or grounded through indirect coupling.
  • the suspended radiator in “suspended end” or “suspended radiator” does not mean that there is no structure around the radiator to support it.
  • the suspended radiator can be, for example, a radiator disposed on the inner surface of the insulating back cover.
  • Clearance refers to the distance between the radiator of the antenna and the metal or electronic components close to the radiator.
  • the clearance can refer to the distance between the radiator and the printed circuit board or electronic components (such as cameras).
  • the current same direction/reverse direction mentioned in the embodiments of the present application should be understood as the direction of the main current on the conductor on the same side is the same direction/reverse direction.
  • the main current stimulating on the conductors on both sides of the annular conductor for example, a conductor surrounding a gap, on the conductors on both sides of the gap
  • the current same direction on a conductor may refer to the current on the conductor having no reverse point.
  • the current reverse on a conductor may refer to the current on the conductor having at least one reverse point.
  • the current same direction on two conductors may refer to the current on both conductors having no reverse point and flowing in the same direction.
  • the current reverse on two conductors may refer to the current on both conductors having no reverse point and flowing in opposite directions. The current same direction/reverse direction on multiple conductors can be understood accordingly.
  • the electric field same direction/reverse direction mentioned in the embodiments of the present application should be understood as the direction of the main electric field generated by the conductor in the space (for example, the electric field between the conductor and the floor) is same direction/reverse direction.
  • a same direction distributed electric field is excited on a bent or ring-shaped conductor (for example, the gap formed between the floor and the conductor is also bent or ring-shaped)
  • the direction of the electric field in the gap is from the floor to the conductor, or from the conductor to the floor.
  • the same direction of the electric field between a conductor and the floor can refer to the fact that there is no reversal point in the electric field between the conductor and the floor.
  • the electric field between a conductor and the floor is in reverse direction, which means that the electric field between the conductor and the floor has at least one reverse point.
  • the electric field between two conductors and the floor is in the same direction, which means that the electric fields between the two conductors and the floor have no reverse points and radiate in the same direction (for example, the positive direction of the z-axis).
  • the electric field between two conductors and the floor is in reverse direction, which means that the electric fields between the two conductors and the floor have no reverse points and flow in opposite directions.
  • the electric fields between multiple conductors and the floor can be understood to be in the same direction/opposite direction accordingly.
  • the resonance frequency is also called the resonance frequency.
  • the resonance frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs.
  • the frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency point frequency.
  • the return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20dB.
  • the antenna/radiator mentioned in this application produces a "first/second... resonance", where the first resonance should be the fundamental mode resonance generated by the antenna/radiator, or in other words, the lowest frequency resonance generated by the antenna/radiator.
  • the antenna/radiator can generate one or more antenna modes according to the specific design, and each antenna mode can correspond to a fundamental mode resonance.
  • Resonant frequency band The range of the resonant frequency is the resonant frequency band.
  • the return loss characteristic of any frequency point in the resonant frequency band can be less than -6dB or -5dB.
  • Communication frequency band/working frequency band Regardless of the type of antenna, it always works within a certain frequency range (band width). For example, an antenna that supports the B40 frequency band has a working frequency band that includes frequencies in the range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, the working frequency band of the antenna includes the B40 frequency band. The frequency range that meets the index requirements can be regarded as the working frequency band of the antenna.
  • the resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band may be the same, or may partially overlap.
  • one or more resonant frequency bands of the antenna may cover one or more operating frequency bands of the antenna.
  • Electrical length It can refer to the ratio of physical length (ie mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave.
  • the electrical length can satisfy the following formula:
  • L is the physical length and ⁇ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.
  • Wavelength or operating wavelength, which can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna.
  • the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955MHz.
  • "operating wavelength” can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or the operating frequency band.
  • the wavelength of the radiation signal in the medium can be calculated as follows: medium Among them, ⁇ is the relative dielectric constant of the medium.
  • the wavelength in the embodiments of the present application generally refers to the dielectric wavelength, which can be the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency, or the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band supported by the antenna.
  • the wavelength can be the dielectric wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955MHz.
  • dielectric wavelength may also refer to the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or the working frequency band.
  • the dielectric wavelength mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be simply calculated by the relative dielectric constant of the medium filled on one or more sides of the radiator.
  • efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between efficiency and dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.
  • Antenna pattern also called radiation pattern. It refers to the graph of the relative field strength (normalized modulus) of the antenna radiation field changing with direction at a certain distance from the antenna (far field). It is usually represented by two mutually perpendicular plane patterns in the direction of maximum radiation of the antenna.
  • Antenna radiation patterns usually have multiple radiation beams.
  • the radiation beam with the strongest radiation intensity is called the main lobe, and the remaining radiation beams are called side lobes or side lobes.
  • the side lobes the side lobe in the opposite direction of the main lobe is also called the back lobe.
  • Directivity Also known as the directivity of an antenna. It refers to the ratio of the maximum power density to the average value on the antenna pattern at a certain distance from the antenna (far field), which is a dimensionless ratio greater than or equal to 1. It can be used to indicate the energy radiation characteristics of an antenna. The larger the directivity, the more energy the antenna radiates in a certain direction, and the more concentrated the energy radiation.
  • Antenna system efficiency refers to the ratio of input power to output power at the antenna port.
  • Antenna radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated by the antenna into space (i.e. the power of the electromagnetic wave part that is effectively converted) to the active power input to the antenna.
  • the active power input to the antenna the input power of the antenna - the loss power;
  • the loss power mainly includes the return loss power and the ohmic loss power of the metal and/or the dielectric loss power.
  • the radiation efficiency is a value that measures the radiation ability of the antenna. Metal loss and dielectric loss are both factors that affect the radiation efficiency.
  • efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between it and dB. The closer it is to 0 dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.
  • Antenna return loss It can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port through the antenna circuit to the transmit power of the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the greater the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the lower the radiation efficiency of the antenna.
  • Antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which is one of the S parameters.
  • S11 represents the reflection coefficient, which can characterize the antenna transmission efficiency.
  • the S11 parameter is usually a negative number. The smaller the S11 parameter is, the smaller the antenna return loss is, and the less energy is reflected back by the antenna itself, which means that more energy actually enters the antenna, and the higher the antenna system efficiency is; the larger the S11 parameter is, the greater the antenna return loss is, and the lower the antenna system efficiency is.
  • the S11 value is generally -6dB as the standard.
  • the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or that the antenna has good transmission efficiency.
  • Ground It can refer to at least a part of any grounding layer, grounding plate, or grounding metal layer in an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a part of any combination of any of the above grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding components.
  • Ground can be used for grounding components in electronic devices.
  • "ground” can be the grounding layer of the circuit board of the electronic device, or it can be the grounding plate formed by the frame of the electronic device or the grounding metal layer formed by the metal film under the screen.
  • the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer or 12 to 14-layer board with 8, 10, 12, 13 or 14 layers of conductive materials, or an element separated and electrically insulated by a dielectric layer or insulating layer such as glass fiber, polymer, etc.
  • the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a grounding layer and a routing layer, and the routing layer and the grounding layer are electrically connected through vias.
  • components such as a display, a touch screen, an input button, a transmitter, a processor, a memory, a battery, a charging circuit, a system on chip (SoC) structure, etc. can be mounted on or connected to a circuit board; or electrically connected to a wiring layer and/or a ground layer in the circuit board.
  • SoC system on chip
  • grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding metal layers are made of conductive materials.
  • the conductive material can be any of the following materials: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil and tin-plated copper on an insulating substrate, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, graphite-coated substrates, copper-plated substrates, brass-plated substrates, and aluminum-plated substrates.
  • the grounding layer/grounding plate/grounding metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.
  • Grounding refers to coupling with the above-mentioned ground/floor in any way.
  • grounding can be achieved through physical grounding, such as physical grounding (or physical ground) at a specific position on the frame through some structural parts of the middle frame.
  • grounding can be achieved through device grounding, such as grounding through devices such as capacitors/inductors/resistors connected in series or in parallel (or device ground).
  • the electronic device 10 may include: a cover 13, a display screen/module (display) 15, a printed circuit board (PCB) 17, a middle frame (middle frame) 19 and a rear cover (rear cover) 21.
  • the cover 13 may be a glass cover, or may be replaced by a cover made of other materials, such as a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) material cover.
  • the cover plate 13 may be disposed closely to the display module 15 , and may be mainly used to protect the display module 15 and prevent dust.
  • the display module 15 may include a liquid crystal display panel (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel or an organic light-emitting semiconductor (OLED) display panel, etc., but the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • LCD liquid crystal display panel
  • LED light emitting diode
  • OLED organic light-emitting semiconductor
  • the electronic device 10 may further include a battery (not shown).
  • the battery may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, or between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the PCB 17 is divided into a main board and a sub-board, and the battery may be disposed between the main board and the sub-board, wherein the main board may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the upper edge of the battery, and the sub-board may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the lower edge of the battery.
  • the electronic device 10 may further include a frame 11, which may be formed of a conductive material such as metal.
  • the frame 11 may be disposed between the display module 15 and the back cover 21 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the electronic device 10.
  • the frame 11 may have four sides surrounding the display module 15 to help fix the display module 15.
  • the frame 11 made of a metal material may be directly used as a metal frame of the electronic device 10, forming the appearance of a metal frame, which is suitable for a metal industrial design (ID).
  • ID metal industrial design
  • the outer surface of the frame 11 may also be a non-metallic material, such as a plastic frame, forming the appearance of a non-metallic frame, which is suitable for a non-metallic ID.
  • the middle frame 19 may include a border 11.
  • the middle frame 19 including the border 11 is an integral part, which can support the electronic devices in the whole machine.
  • the cover plate 13 and the back cover 21 are respectively covered along the upper and lower edges of the border to form a shell or housing (housing) of the electronic device.
  • the cover plate 13, the back cover 21, the border 11 and/or the middle frame 19 can be collectively referred to as the shell or housing of the electronic device 10. It should be understood that "shell or housing" can be used to refer to part or all of any one of the cover plate 13, the back cover 21, the border 11 or the middle frame 19, or to refer to part or all of any combination of the cover plate 13, the back cover 21, the border 11 or the middle frame 19.
  • the frame 11 on the middle frame 19 can at least partially serve as an antenna radiator to receive/transmit radio frequency signals. There can be a gap between this portion of the frame serving as the radiator and other portions of the middle frame 19, thereby ensuring that the antenna radiator has a good radiation environment.
  • the middle frame 19 can be provided with an aperture at this portion of the frame serving as the radiator to facilitate antenna radiation.
  • the frame 11 may not be considered as a part of the middle frame 19.
  • the frame 11 may be connected to the middle frame 19 and formed integrally.
  • the frame 11 may include a protrusion extending inward to be connected to the middle frame 19, for example, by means of a shrapnel, a screw, welding, etc.
  • the protrusion of the frame 11 may also be used to receive a feed signal, so that at least a portion of the frame 11 serves as a radiator of the antenna to receive/transmit radio frequency signals.
  • the back cover 21 may be a back cover made of metal material; or a back cover made of non-conductive material, such as a glass back cover, a plastic back cover, or a back cover made of both conductive and non-conductive materials.
  • the back cover 21 made of conductive material may replace the middle frame 19 and be integrated with the frame 11 to support the electronic components in the whole device.
  • the middle frame 19 and/or the conductive parts in the back cover 21 can be used as the reference ground of the electronic device 10, wherein the frame 11, PCB 17, etc. of the electronic device can be grounded through electrical connection with the middle frame.
  • the antenna of the electronic device 10 can also be arranged in the frame 11.
  • the antenna radiator can be located in the electronic device 10 and arranged along the frame 11.
  • the antenna radiator is arranged close to the frame 11 to minimize the volume occupied by the antenna radiator and to be closer to the outside of the electronic device 10 to achieve better signal transmission effect.
  • the antenna radiator is arranged close to the frame 11 means that the antenna radiator can be arranged close to the frame 11, or it can be arranged close to the frame 11, for example, there can be a certain small gap between the antenna radiator and the frame 11.
  • the antenna of the electronic device 10 can also be arranged in the housing, such as a bracket antenna, a millimeter wave antenna, etc. (not shown in FIG. 1 ).
  • the clearance of the antenna arranged in the housing can be obtained by the slits/openings on any one of the middle frame, and/or the frame, and/or the back cover, and/or the display screen, or by the non-conductive gap/aperture formed between any of them.
  • the clearance setting of the antenna can ensure the radiation characteristics of the antenna. It should be understood that the clearance of the antenna can be a non-conductive area formed by any conductive component in the electronic device 10, and the antenna radiates signals to the external space through the non-conductive area.
  • the antenna 40 can be in the form of an antenna based on a flexible printed circuit (FPC), an antenna based on laser direct structuring (LDS), or a microstrip disk antenna (MDA).
  • the antenna can also adopt a transparent structure embedded in the screen of the electronic device 10, so that the antenna is a transparent antenna unit embedded in the screen of the electronic device 10.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows only some components of the electronic device 10 , and the actual shapes, sizes and structures of these components are not limited by FIG. 1 .
  • the surface where the display screen of the electronic device is located can be considered as the front side
  • the surface where the back cover is located can be considered as the back side
  • the surface where the frame is located can be considered as the side side
  • the electronic device when the user is holding the electronic device (usually vertically and facing the screen), the electronic device is located at a position having a top, a bottom, a left side, and a right side. It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, when the user is holding the electronic device (usually vertically and facing the screen), the electronic device is located at a position having a top, a bottom, a left side, and a right side.
  • Figure 2 is a common mode antenna provided by the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the differential mode of another antenna provided by the present application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution.
  • the antenna radiator in Figures 2 and 3 has open ends, and its common mode mode and differential mode mode can be called line common mode mode and line differential mode mode, respectively.
  • the radiator of the antenna 60 shown in (a) of FIG. 2 has a hollow slot or gap 61, or the radiator of the antenna 60 and the ground (for example, the floor, which can be a PCB) enclose the slot or slot 61.
  • the slot 61 can be formed by cutting a slot on the floor.
  • An opening 62 is provided on one side of the slot 61, and the opening 62 can be specifically opened in the middle position of the side.
  • the middle position of the side of the slot 61 can be, for example, the geometric midpoint of the antenna 60, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator, for example, the area where the opening 62 is opened on the radiator covers the middle position of the side.
  • the opening 62 can be connected to the feeding circuit, and antisymmetric feeding is adopted.
  • antisymmetric feeding can be understood as that the positive and negative poles of the feeding circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of the radiator.
  • the signals output by the positive and negative poles of the feeding circuit have the same amplitude and opposite phases, for example, the phase difference is 180° ⁇ 10°.
  • FIG2(b) shows the distribution of current, electric field, and magnetic current of the antenna 60.
  • the current is distributed in the same direction around the slot 61 on the conductor (such as the floor, and/or the radiator 60) around the slot 61, the electric field is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position of the slot 61, and the magnetic current is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position of the slot 61.
  • the electric field at the opening 62 (for example, the feeding position) is in the same direction
  • the magnetic current at the opening 62 (for example, the feeding position) is in the same direction.
  • the feeding shown in FIG2(a) can be called slot CM feeding.
  • the antenna mode shown in FIG2(b) can be called slot CM mode (also referred to as CM mode for short, for example, for a slot antenna, CM mode refers to slot CM mode).
  • the distribution of the electric field, current, and magnetic current shown in (b) of FIG. 2 can be referred to as the electric field, current, and magnetic current of the slot CM mode.
  • the magnetic field is weak in the middle of the antenna 60 and strong at both ends of the antenna 60.
  • the electric field is strong in the middle of the antenna 60 (the largest point of the electric field is near the middle of the antenna 60) and weak at both ends of the antenna 60, as shown in FIG2(b).
  • the radiator of the antenna 70 has a hollow slot or gap 72, or the radiator of the antenna 70 and the ground (for example, the floor, which can be a PCB) enclose the slot or slot 72.
  • the slot 72 can be formed by making a slot on the floor.
  • the middle position 71 of the slot 72 is connected to the feeding circuit, and symmetrical feeding is adopted.
  • symmetrical feeding can be understood as one end of the feeding circuit is connected to the radiator and the other end is grounded, wherein the connection point between the feeding circuit and the radiator (feeding point) is located at the center of the radiator, and the center of the radiator can be, for example, the midpoint of the geometric structure, or the midpoint of the electrical length (or an area within a certain range near the above midpoint).
  • the middle position of one side of the slot 72 is connected to the positive pole of the feeding circuit, and the middle position of the other side of the slot 72 is connected to the negative pole of the feeding circuit.
  • the middle position of the side of the slot 72 can be, for example, the middle position of the slot antenna 60/the middle position of the ground, such as the geometric midpoint of the slot antenna, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator, such as the connection between the feeding circuit and the radiator covering the middle position 51 of the side.
  • FIG3(b) shows the current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution of the antenna 70.
  • the current is distributed around the slot 72, and is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position of the slot 72, the electric field is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 71, and the magnetic current is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 71.
  • the magnetic current at the feeding circuit is distributed in opposite directions (not shown). Based on the reverse distribution of the magnetic current at the feeding circuit, the feeding shown in FIG3(a) can be called slot DM feeding.
  • the antenna mode shown in FIG3(b) can be called a slot DM mode (also referred to as a DM mode for short, for example, for a slot antenna, the DM mode refers to a slot DM mode).
  • the electric field, current, and magnetic current distribution shown in FIG3(b) can be called the electric field, current, and magnetic current of the slot DM mode.
  • the current is weaker in the middle of the antenna 70 and stronger at both ends of the antenna 70.
  • the electric field is stronger in the middle of the antenna 70 (the largest point of the electric field is near the middle of the antenna 60) and weaker at both ends of the slot antenna 70, as shown in FIG3(b).
  • the radiator of the antenna can be understood as a metal structure that generates radiation (for example, including a part of the floor), which can include an opening, as shown in FIG. 2, or can be a complete ring, as shown in FIG. 3, which can be adjusted according to actual design or production needs.
  • a complete ring radiator can be used as shown in FIG. 3, two feeding points are set at the middle position of the radiator on one side of the slot 61, and an anti-symmetric feeding method is adopted.
  • signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases are fed into the two ends of the position where the opening is originally set, and an effect similar to the antenna structure shown in FIG. 2 can also be obtained.
  • a radiator including an opening can be used as shown in FIG. 2, and a symmetrical feeding method is adopted at the two ends of the opening position.
  • the same feed source signal is fed into the two ends of the radiator on both sides of the opening, and an effect similar to the antenna structure shown in FIG. 3 can also be obtained.
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 above respectively show that the slot structure uses different feeding methods to generate a slot CM mode and a slot DM mode respectively.
  • the antenna When the antenna is fed in an asymmetric manner (the feeding point deviates from the middle position, including side feeding or offset feeding), or the opening of one side of the slot is asymmetric (the opening deviates from the middle position of the side), the antenna can simultaneously generate the first resonance and the second resonance, corresponding to the slot CM mode and the slot DM mode, respectively.
  • the first resonance corresponds to the slot CM mode, and the distribution of current, electric field, and magnetic current is shown in (b) of Figure 2.
  • the second resonance corresponds to the slot DM mode, and the distribution of current, electric field, and magnetic current is shown in (b) of Figure 3.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an antenna 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the antenna 200 includes a first radiator 210 and a second radiator 220 .
  • the first end of the first radiator 210 and the first end of the second radiator 220 are opposite and do not contact each other.
  • the second end of the second radiator 220 is coupled to the floor.
  • the first end and the second end of the first radiator 210 are open ends.
  • the first end of the second radiator 220 is an open end, and the second end is a ground end.
  • the antenna 200 may further include a first electronic component 231 , a second electronic component 232 , and a feeding circuit 230 .
  • the first end of the first radiator 210 includes a first connection point 211
  • the first end of the second radiator 220 includes a second connection point 212.
  • the feed circuit 230 is coupled to the second connection point 212.
  • the first end of the first electronic component 231 is coupled to the second connection point 212, and the second end is coupled to the floor.
  • the first end of the second electronic component 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211, and the second end is coupled to the second connection point 212.
  • the antenna 200 can simultaneously generate a first resonance and a second resonance by the line CM-DM mode, the first resonance can correspond to the above-mentioned line CM mode, and the second resonance can correspond to the above-mentioned line DM mode.
  • the antenna 200 can be close to the resonance generated by the slot CM mode and the slot DM mode to form a resonant frequency band together to expand the working bandwidth of the antenna 200.
  • Figures 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams of current distribution of the antenna 200 shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the antenna 200 shown in Figure 4 at the first resonance.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the antenna 200 shown in Figure 4 at the second resonance.
  • the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator are in the same direction.
  • currents in the same direction are distributed (or in other words, there is no current reversal point on the radiator).
  • the current distribution on the first radiator and the second radiator conforms to the current characteristics of the line DM mode.
  • FIG. 7 is a simulation result of the S parameters, radiation efficiency, and system efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the antenna can resonate near 1.72 GHz (first resonance) and near 2.86 GHz (second resonance).
  • the radiation efficiency and system efficiency are good. However, since the currents of the line CM mode and the line DM mode on the second radiator are opposite (non-convergent), some currents will be canceled. Therefore, near the resonance point of the second resonance (for example, greater than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance), the radiation efficiency and system efficiency decrease, which will result in a narrow bandwidth of the antenna efficiency (radiation efficiency and system efficiency).
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 10 includes a frame 11 , an antenna 200 , and a floor 300 .
  • the frame 11 is spaced apart from the floor 300.
  • the frame 11 includes a first position 201, a second position 202 and a third position 203 which are sequentially arranged, and the second position 202 is located between the first position 201 and the third position 203.
  • the frame 11 has a first gap and a second gap respectively formed at the first position 201 and the second position 202.
  • the frame 11 is coupled to the floor 300 at the third position 203.
  • the third position 203 is coupled with the floor 300 to realize the grounding of the radiator.
  • the third position 203 can be electrically connected to the floor 300 through a spring, or can be electrically connected to the floor 300 through an inductor/0 ohm (0 ohm), or can be electrically connected to the floor 300 through an inductive member (such as a connecting rib structure). Electrically connecting to the floor 300 through the connecting rib structure can be understood as at least part of the frame 11 and the floor 300 being an integrated structure.
  • the electronic device includes the above-mentioned middle frame, and the middle frame includes the above-mentioned frame 11 and the middle plate.
  • the middle plate and the floor 300 are grounded through multiple electrical connections (for example, springs, etc.).
  • the middle plate can be regarded as a part of the floor 300.
  • the frame 11 and the middle plate are electrically connected through a connecting rib structure (not shown in the figure).
  • the connecting rib structure (not shown in the figure)
  • the outer cover is connected between the frame and the middle plate and is integrally formed with the frame and the middle plate.
  • the antenna 200 includes a first radiator 210 , a second radiator 220 , a feeding circuit 230 , a first electronic component 231 , and a second electronic component 232 .
  • the first radiator 210 includes a conductive portion of the frame 11 between the first position 201 and the second position 202.
  • the second radiator 220 includes a conductive portion of the frame 11 between the second position 202 and the third position 203.
  • the length L1 of the first radiator 210 and the length L2 of the second radiator satisfy: L1 ⁇ 1.5 ⁇ L2, and L2 ⁇ 1.5 ⁇ L1.
  • the length L1 of the first radiator 210 and the length L2 of the second radiator satisfy: L1 ⁇ 66% ⁇ L2 ⁇ L1 ⁇ 150%.
  • the length L1 of the first radiator 210 and the length L2 of the second radiator satisfy: L1 ⁇ 80% ⁇ L2 ⁇ L1 ⁇ 120%.
  • the first end of the first radiator 210 includes a first connection point 211 and a second connection point 212.
  • the first end of the second radiator 220 includes a third connection point 213 and a feeding point 221.
  • the first end of the first radiator 210 and the first end of the second radiator 220 are opposite to each other and do not contact each other, and the first end of the first radiator 210 and the first end of the second radiator 220 are one end at the second position.
  • first end 2101 of the first radiator 210 and the first end 2201 of the second radiator 220 are opposite to each other and do not contact each other, which means that the first end face of the first radiator 210 and the first end face of the second radiator 220 are opposite to each other and do not contact each other, as shown in FIG9 .
  • the first end/second end of the radiator described in the embodiment of the present application refers to the portion of the radiator whose length is within the range of 5 mm (including 5 mm) from the end face of the end.
  • the points (e.g., connection points or feeding points) included in the first end/second end of the radiator can be understood as the length of the radiator (frame) between the point (e.g., connection point or feeding point) and the end/end face of the radiator is less than or equal to 5 mm.
  • a metal component such as a metal spring
  • it can be understood as the length of the radiator (frame) between the end/end face of the radiator connected to the metal component and the point (e.g., connection point or feeding point).
  • the first end of the first electronic component 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211, and the second end of the first electronic component 231 is coupled to the floor 300.
  • the first end of the second electronic component 232 is coupled to the second connection point 212, and the second end of the second electronic component 232 is coupled to the third connection point 213.
  • the feeding circuit 230 is coupled to the feeding point 221 .
  • the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 are used to generate a first resonance and a second resonance, and the first resonance and the second resonance are used to jointly support an operating frequency band of the electronic device 10 .
  • the first working frequency band of the electronic device 10 includes a frequency range, such as a low frequency band (LB) (698MHz-960MHz), a middle frequency band (MB) (1710MHz-2170MHz) or a high frequency band (HB) (2300MHz-2690MHz) in a cellular network.
  • LB low frequency band
  • MB middle frequency band
  • HB high frequency band
  • the working frequency band may include multiple communication frequency bands within the frequency range, such as B5, B8, etc., which can be understood accordingly in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the second end of the first radiator 210 is coupled to the floor 300 and connected as a ground end, and the second end of the second radiator 220 is an open end.
  • the clearance of the antenna 200 is small (for example, the distance between the first radiator 210, the second radiator 220 and the floor is less than or equal to 3 mm)
  • the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 can form a radiator structure similar to a slot antenna.
  • the feeding circuit 230 feeds an electrical signal
  • the antenna 200 can generate the above-mentioned first resonance and second resonance to expand the working bandwidth of the antenna 200.
  • the first resonance and the second resonance can be close to each other so that the first resonance and the second resonance are used to jointly support the first operating frequency band of the electronic device 10.
  • the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the second resonance is greater than or equal to 80MHz and less than or equal to 160MHz.
  • the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the second resonance is greater than or equal to 150MHz and less than or equal to 240MHz.
  • the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the second resonance is greater than or equal to 200MHz and less than or equal to 300MHz.
  • the current on the first radiator 210 and the current on the second radiator 220 are in the same direction, and each distributes current in the same direction (or, there is no current reversal point).
  • the current on the first radiator 210 and the current on the second radiator 220 are in the same direction, and each distributes current in the same direction (or, there is no current reversal point).
  • the above-mentioned current same direction can be understood as the current flowing from one end to the other end, for example, the current on the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 flows from the first position 201 (the second end of the first radiator 210) to the third position 203 (the second end of the second radiator 220), or, flows from the third position 203 (the second end of the second radiator 220) to the first position 201 (the second end of the first radiator 210).
  • the above-mentioned current same direction can be understood as the current is distributed in the same direction on the path of the current flow, and there is no current reversal point.
  • the current same direction mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be understood accordingly.
  • both the first resonance and the second resonance can be regarded as being generated by the slot CM mode. Since the slot CM mode has higher radiation efficiency and system efficiency, the antenna has better radiation efficiency and system efficiency within the working frequency band formed by the first resonance and the second resonance.
  • the first position 201 and the second position 202 are located at the first side of the frame 11.
  • the length of the frame 11 between the first position 201 and the center of the first side is the same as the length of the frame 11 between the second position 202 and the center of the first side, and the lengths of the first sides on both sides of the center are the same.
  • first position 201 first slot
  • second position 202 second slot
  • the symmetry between the first position 201 (first slot) and the second position 202 (second slot) can increase the symmetry of the antenna 200, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200 (for example, the operating bandwidth).
  • first position 201 first gap
  • second position 202 second gap
  • the symmetry of the first position 201 (first gap) and the second position 202 (second gap) may have partial redundancy in engineering applications.
  • first gap first gap
  • second position 202 second gap
  • the above redundancy is determined according to different device types.
  • the length of the first frame 11 between the first position 201 and the center of the first side differs from the length of the frame 11 between the second position 202 and the center of the first side within a range of 2 mm, which can be considered to be within the same range of length.
  • the length of the first frame 11 between the first position 201 and the center of the first side differs from the length of the frame 11 between the second position 202 and the center of the first side within a range of 5 mm, which can be considered to be within the same range of length.
  • the intensity of the current on the first radiator 210 is greater than the intensity of the current on the second radiator 220. In one embodiment, at the resonance point of the second resonance, the intensity of the current on the first radiator 210 is less than the intensity of the current on the second radiator 220.
  • the intensity of the current described in the embodiments of the present application can be understood as the density of the current, and a large intensity of the current can be understood as a more dense current.
  • a large intensity of the current can be understood as a large amplitude/value of the current. For example, in a simulation result of a current distribution, when the intensity of the current is large, it is usually red, or there are denser current arrows near the area with large current intensity.
  • the intensity of the electric field generated near the first radiator 210 is greater than the intensity of the electric field generated near the second radiator 220. In one embodiment, at the resonance point of the second resonance, the intensity of the electric field generated near the first radiator 210 is less than the intensity of the electric field generated near the second radiator 220.
  • the intensity of the electric field described in the embodiments of the present application can be understood as the density of the electric field, and a large intensity of the electric field can be understood as a denser electric field.
  • a large intensity of the electric field can be understood as a large amplitude/value of the electric field.
  • the intensity of the electric field when the intensity of the electric field is large, it is usually red, or there are denser electric field arrows near an area with a large intensity of the electric field (for example, between a radiator and a floor).
  • the first resonance is caused by the first radiator 210 as the main radiator (the current on the first radiator 210 or the electric field generated is relatively strong), and the second resonance is caused by the second radiator 220 as the main radiator (the current on the second radiator 220 or the electric field generated is relatively strong).
  • the user can use the radiator that is farther away from the human body as the main radiator when holding the electronic device with the left hand or the right hand. In this case, when the user holds the electronic device, it will not have a significant impact on the radiation characteristics of the antenna.
  • the first electronic component 231 is a capacitive component, and the equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component 231 is less than or equal to 5pF. In one embodiment, based on the center frequency of the first frequency band being less than or equal to 1GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component 231 is greater than 3pF and less than or equal to 5pF. In one embodiment, based on the center frequency of the first frequency band being greater than 1GHz and less than or equal to 3GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component 231 is greater than 0.5pF and less than or equal to 3pF. In one embodiment, based on the center frequency of the first frequency band being greater than 3GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component 231 is less than or equal to 0.5pF.
  • the first electronic component 231 is an inductive component, and an equivalent inductance value of the first electronic component 231 is less than or equal to 3 nH.
  • the second electronic component 232 is a capacitive component, and the equivalent capacitance of the first electronic component 231 is less than or equal to 2 pF.
  • the equivalent capacitance value of the second electronic component 232 is greater than 1.5 pF and less than or equal to 2 pF. In one embodiment, based on the center frequency of the first frequency band being greater than 1 GHz and less than or equal to 3 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the second electronic component 232 is greater than 0.5 pF and less than or equal to 1.5 pF. In one embodiment, based on the center frequency of the first frequency band being greater than 3 GHz, the equivalent capacitance value of the second electronic component 232 is less than or equal to 0.5 pF.
  • the first electronic component 231 can be used to adjust the grounding state of the first end of the first radiator 210, so as to determine the radiation characteristics (e.g., the resonance point frequency of the resonance) when the antenna 200 generates the first resonance.
  • the second electronic component 232 can be used to determine the radiation characteristics (e.g., the resonance point frequency of the resonance) when the antenna 200 generates the second resonance.
  • the first end of the second radiator 220 is an open end.
  • a strong electric field (the magnetic field is much smaller than the electric field) is generated near the first end of the second radiator 220.
  • the first end of the first radiator 210 and the first end of the second radiator 220 can generate a second resonance by electric field coupling.
  • the first end of the first radiator 210 is coupled to the floor 300 through the first electronic component 231.
  • a strong magnetic field (the electric field is much smaller than the magnetic field) is generated near the first end of the first radiator 210.
  • the first electronic component 231 can make the first end of the first radiator 210 generate a weak electric field, thereby coupling with the electric field of the first end of the second radiator 220 to generate the first resonance.
  • the resonance point frequency of the first resonance is higher than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance. In one embodiment, when the first electronic element 231 is an inductive element, the resonance point frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance.
  • the first electronic component 231 is an adjustable capacitor or an adjustable inductor.
  • the second electronic component 232 is an adjustable capacitor.
  • the first electronic component 231 can be an adjustable component to switch the resonance point frequency of the first resonance.
  • the switch can switch the connection port electrically connected to the common port so that different capacitors or inductors are electrically connected between the floor 300 and the first connection point 211.
  • the first electronic component 231 can include a switch and multiple capacitors or inductors, and the switch and multiple capacitors or inductors are connected in series and coupled between the first connection point 211 and the floor 300.
  • the switch can be coupled between the first connection point 211 and multiple capacitors or inductors, the common port of the switch is coupled to the first connection point 211, and multiple capacitors or inductors are connected in series between the connection port of the switch and the floor 300.
  • multiple capacitors or inductors can be coupled between the first connection point 211 and the switch.
  • the first electronic component 231 can be a tuner.
  • adjustable elements eg, the second electronic element
  • the adjustable elements may all adopt the same structure, and for the sake of brevity of discussion, they will not be described one by one.
  • the length L1 of the first radiator 210 and the length L2 of the second radiator satisfy: L1 ⁇ 90% ⁇ L2 ⁇ L1 ⁇ 110%.
  • the first connection point 211 coincides with the second connection point 212.
  • the coincidence can be understood as the first end of the first electronic component 231 and the first end of the second electronic component 232 being coupled to the first radiator 210 through the same connecting component, and the coincidence described in the embodiments of the present application can be understood accordingly.
  • the third connection point 213 and the feeding point 221 coincide with each other.
  • the antenna may further include a third electronic component 233, as shown in FIG10.
  • the second end of the first radiator 210 includes a fourth connection point 214.
  • the first end of the third electronic component 233 is coupled to the fourth connection point 214, and the second end of the third electronic component 233 is coupled to the floor 300.
  • the third electronic component 233 can be used to simultaneously determine the radiation characteristics (eg, the resonance point frequency of the resonance) of the antenna 200 when the antenna 200 generates the first resonance and the second resonance.
  • the radiation characteristics eg, the resonance point frequency of the resonance
  • the third electronic component 233 may also be used to adjust the balance between the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 when the antenna 200 resonates.
  • the balance between the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 can be understood as, when the antenna 200 resonates, reducing the difference in the intensity of the electric field (intensity of the current) generated by the first radiator 210 and the intensity of the electric field (intensity of the current) generated by the second radiator 220, so that when the user holds the electronic device 10 in the left hand or the right hand, the impact on the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200 is roughly the same, and the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200 will not be greatly different due to different holding postures of the user.
  • the third electronic component 233 is an adjustable capacitor.
  • the third electronic component 233 may be an adjustable component to switch the radiation characteristics (eg, the resonance point frequency) of the antenna 200 when generating the first resonance and the second resonance.
  • the first position 201 and the second position 202 are located at the bottom of the electronic device 10 (the first position 201 and the second position 202 are located at the first side of the frame, and the first side is the bottom side), as shown in Figure 11.
  • the charging interface 260 of the electronic device 10 is located between the first position 201 and the second position 202, and the charging interface 260 can be used to electrically connect with an external connection component to realize functions such as charging and data transmission of the electronic device 10.
  • the charging interface 260 when the charging interface 260 is charging, a strong current will be generated near the charging interface 260. Since a portion of the charging interface is located on the first radiator 210, and the feeding point 221 of the antenna is located on the second radiator 220, the charging interface 260 will have a strong impact on the antenna when charging. The radiation characteristics are less affected.
  • the third position 203 can be located on the same side of the frame 11 as the first position 201 and the second position 202 (the second radiator 220 is in a straight line shape), or the third position 203 can be located on a different side of the frame 11 as the first position 201 and the second position 202 (the second radiator 220 is in a broken line shape).
  • the embodiments of the present application do not impose any restrictions on this and can be selected according to actual production or setting.
  • Fig. 12 and Fig. 13 are simulation results of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in Fig. 10.
  • Fig. 12 is an S parameter simulation result of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in Fig. 10.
  • Fig. 13 is a radiation efficiency simulation result of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in Fig. 10.
  • the first electronic component when the first electronic component is a capacitive component (e.g., 1 pF), the first resonance is located near 2.6 GHz, the second resonance is located near 1.9 GHZ, and the resonance point frequency of the first resonance is higher than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance.
  • the first electronic component is an inductive component (e.g., 0 nH)
  • the first resonance is located near 1.4 GHz
  • the second resonance is located near 1.9 GHZ
  • the resonance point frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance.
  • the first electronic component has little influence on the resonance point frequency of the second resonance.
  • the antenna since the first resonance and the second resonance are both generated by the slot CM mode, the antenna has good radiation efficiency within the resonance frequency band, and there is no pit in the radiation efficiency, and has good radiation characteristics.
  • Figures 14 and 15 are schematic diagrams of current distribution of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 10.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 10 at a resonance point of the first resonance (e.g., 2.65 GHz).
  • Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 10 at a resonance point of the second resonance (e.g., 1.95 GHz).
  • connection point 211 and the second connection point 212 coincide with each other
  • third connection point 213 and the feeding point 221 coincide with each other are taken as an example for description.
  • the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator are in the same direction, and each distributes current in the same direction (or, there is no current reversal point), which is consistent with the slot CM mode.
  • the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator are in the same direction, and each distributes current in the same direction (or, there is no current reversal point), which is consistent with the slot CM mode.
  • FIG. 16 to FIG. 19 are electric field distribution and magnetic field distribution of the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 16 is a simulation result of the electric field distribution of the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 17 is a simulation result of the electric field distribution of the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 18 is a simulation result of the magnetic field distribution of the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 19 is a simulation result of the magnetic field distribution of the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 8.
  • the electric field generated by the antenna shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 8 is concentrated in the vicinity of the second radiator 220 .
  • the magnetic field generated by the antenna shown in Figure 4 is concentrated in the vicinity of the gap between the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220, and the magnetic field generated by the antenna shown in Figure 8 is concentrated in the vicinity of the gap at the second end of the first radiator 210.
  • the magnetic field generated by the antenna shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 8 is concentrated in the vicinity of the gap between the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 .

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  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

La présente demande concerne un dispositif électronique, comprenant une antenne. L'antenne utilise une partie conductrice d'une lunette d'un dispositif électronique en tant que radiateur. En fournissant un signal électrique dans le radiateur au moyen d'un couplage indirect, l'antenne peut générer une première résonance et une seconde résonance. Les deux résonances peuvent être utilisées ensemble pour former une bande de fréquence de résonance pour étendre la largeur de bande, et dans la bande de fréquence de résonance, l'antenne a une bonne efficacité de rayonnement et une bonne efficacité de système, de telle sorte que le dispositif électronique présente de bonnes performances de communication.
PCT/CN2024/119411 2023-09-28 2024-09-18 Dispositif électronique WO2025066981A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311282526.9 2023-09-28
CN202311282526.9A CN119726129A (zh) 2023-09-28 2023-09-28 一种电子设备

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WO2025066981A1 true WO2025066981A1 (fr) 2025-04-03

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115425400A (zh) * 2022-08-31 2022-12-02 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 一种电子设备
CN115764307A (zh) * 2021-09-03 2023-03-07 荣耀终端有限公司 一种终端单极子天线
CN116259953A (zh) * 2023-01-20 2023-06-13 华为技术有限公司 一种天线结构和电子设备
CN116345145A (zh) * 2021-12-22 2023-06-27 荣耀终端有限公司 可折叠电子设备及其天线系统
WO2023142799A1 (fr) * 2022-01-28 2023-08-03 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 Ensemble antenne et terminal mobile

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115764307A (zh) * 2021-09-03 2023-03-07 荣耀终端有限公司 一种终端单极子天线
CN116345145A (zh) * 2021-12-22 2023-06-27 荣耀终端有限公司 可折叠电子设备及其天线系统
WO2023142799A1 (fr) * 2022-01-28 2023-08-03 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 Ensemble antenne et terminal mobile
CN115425400A (zh) * 2022-08-31 2022-12-02 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 一种电子设备
CN116259953A (zh) * 2023-01-20 2023-06-13 华为技术有限公司 一种天线结构和电子设备

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