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WO2023176924A1 - Dispositif de stimulation électrique transcrânienne - Google Patents

Dispositif de stimulation électrique transcrânienne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023176924A1
WO2023176924A1 PCT/JP2023/010300 JP2023010300W WO2023176924A1 WO 2023176924 A1 WO2023176924 A1 WO 2023176924A1 JP 2023010300 W JP2023010300 W JP 2023010300W WO 2023176924 A1 WO2023176924 A1 WO 2023176924A1
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current
stimulation
magnet
pole
electromagnet
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PCT/JP2023/010300
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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太郎 前田
正紘 古川
彰良 原
一武輝 松田
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国立大学法人大阪大学
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Publication of WO2023176924A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023176924A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/08—Arrangements or circuits for monitoring, protecting, controlling or indicating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transcranial electrical stimulation device that electrically stimulates the cerebral cortex via electrodes.
  • Non-invasive transcranial electrical stimulation stimulates neurons in the cerebral cortex to promote or suppress the excitability of the cerebral cortex, and today it is being applied clinically in rehabilitation, etc. .
  • brain function differs depending on the region, including the motor cortex, research and analysis of neurophysiological mechanisms in response to local stimulation is also being conducted.
  • non-invasive brain stimulation methods include transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS).
  • TMS transcranial magnetic stimulation
  • tDCS transcranial direct current stimulation
  • tACS transcranial alternating current stimulation
  • Non-Patent Document 1 describes the application of transcranial static magnetic stimulation (SMS) in investigating the possibility of modulation of motor cortex excitability by applying a static magnetic field. It is stated that what was done.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a vestibular electrical stimulation device (GVS: Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation) that stimulates the vestibule, which is an organ that receives the sensation of acceleration, by passing a current from the ear canal toward the head. This device induces acceleration in the height direction (simulated gravity) by forming a vertical current path in the vestibular region.
  • VGS vestibular electrical stimulation device
  • Patent Document 2 describes that by applying the TMS method, more specifically, a partial magnetic field is generated by passing a current through a coil placed on the scalp (for example, a figure-eight coil), and the induced current (eddy current) is generated. It has been described that the occurrence on the surface of the brain temporarily excites or suppresses the nerve function at the stimulated site. Repeated stimulation is said to be effective in treating conditions such as depression, Parkinson's disease, and spinocerebellar degeneration.
  • the TMS method is capable of stimulating localized areas using induced current caused by magnetic stimulation
  • the induced current is high frequency, transient, and impulse-like, and requires continuous weak current (direct current or constant periodic alternating current). In principle, it is not possible to output it.
  • a large-scale power supply device that generates a large current is required.
  • the SMS method allows for localized static magnetic field stimulation, it can only stimulate areas on the cortical side where spontaneous currents are generated.
  • the tDCS and tACS methods stimulate sites on the current path, and cannot selectively stimulate local sites on the path.
  • the current density distribution between the electrodes has a one-to-one correspondence with the spatial distribution of impedance in the head, so it is uniformly determined by the electrode arrangement, the amount of supplied current, and the potential gradient. Therefore, it is not easy to locally and selectively change or vary the intracranial stimulation site by manipulating the current path.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above, and allows a current flowing in the skull via an electrode outside the epidermis to interact with a magnetic field transmitted locally from outside the epidermis into the skull, thereby creating a current path using the Lorentz force.
  • the present invention provides a cranial electrical stimulation device that locally changes the
  • the transcranial electrical stimulation device includes positive and negative electrodes that are installed on the surface of the head corresponding to holes opened in the skull, and that flow stimulation current into the ventricles, and electrodes that are installed on the surface of the head. and a magnet section that has magnetic poles and generates a local magnetic field that interacts with the stimulation current.
  • a current path through which a stimulating current flows into the ventricle is formed by placing positive and negative electrodes by pasting or the like on the surface of the head corresponding to, for example, near or facing a hole in the skull. That is, the stimulating current passes through the hole and flows within the brain without being blocked by the cranium, forming a current path.
  • the current path can be changed locally compared to when no magnetic field is applied.
  • a magnetic field that is transcranially permeable can be applied locally to areas that cannot be used as a current path due to the spatial distribution of impedance in the head.
  • the current path in the brain can be locally changed by Lorentz force.
  • FIG. 1 A schematic diagram showing the relationship between the attachment position of a set of electrodes, the current path indicated by the arrow, and the stimulation content for the vestibule.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of a transcranial electrical stimulation device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram showing an example of a magnet part, in which (A) is a vertical cross section of a helmet, (B) is a view of the helmet seen from inside, and (C) is a structural diagram showing an example of an electromagnet.
  • FIGS. 1-10 are diagrams explaining the interaction between a stimulation current and a magnetic field.
  • A is a diagram explaining the principle of Lorentz force
  • B is a diagram explaining the interaction between a stimulation current flowing through the cerebral cortex and a pair of adjacent electromagnets. It is a figure showing the relationship with excited magnetic flux.
  • A is a plan view with only stimulation current supplied
  • B is a plan view with a downward magnetic field applied near the scalp on the left ear side in (A).
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic partial front view showing the arrangement of electrodes and magnets with respect to a subject. The diagram shows the rotation of the magnet and Siamese magnet from S-pole to N-pole for the visualization target period (time -1 to 5 seconds).
  • (A) represents the rotation under non-mag conditions; B) represents rotation under the mag-exist condition, and (C) is an enlarged view of the average value of (A) and (B).
  • This figure shows the rotation of the magnet and Siamese magnet from N-pole to S-pole for the visualization target period (time -1 to 5 seconds).
  • (A) represents the rotation under non-mag conditions; B) represents rotation under the mag-exist condition, and (C) is an enlarged view of the average value of (A) and (B).
  • This is a diagram showing the standard deviation within the target section of the rotation of the magnet and Siamese magnet in the ear canal. In the left and right diagrams, (A) represents the rotation under the non-mag condition, and (B) represents the rotation under the mag-exist condition. .
  • This figure shows the S-pole to N-pole for the visualization target period (time -1 to 5 seconds) of the body sway during the rotation of the magnet and Siamese magnet.
  • A shows the body sway under the non-mag condition.
  • B represents body sway under the mag-exist condition, and
  • C is an enlarged view of the average value of (A) and (B).
  • the diagram shows the N-pole to S-pole for the visualization target period (time -1 to 5 seconds) of the body sway during the rotation of the magnet and Siamese magnet.
  • A shows the body sway under the non-mag condition.
  • (B) represents body sway under the mag-exist condition, and
  • C is an enlarged view of the average value of (A) and (B).
  • FIG. 1 This is a diagram showing the standard deviation within the target section of body sway during magnets and siamese magnets in the ear canal.
  • (A) represents body sway under the non-mag condition
  • (B) represents the body sway under the mag-exist condition. Represents physical agitation.
  • This figure shows the results of a further experiment conducted by one subject to demonstrate the effect of interference between current and magnetic field due to Lorentz force.
  • (A) shows the average rotation amount of multiple experiments under each of three conditions.
  • (B) shows the amount of change in eyeball rotation due to magnetic stimulation, which is obtained by subtracting the average amount of rotation in the baseline condition from the average amount of rotation in the north pole condition in the parietal direction and the south pole condition in the parietal direction, and ( C) shows the amplitude of eye rotation with respect to GVS calculated for the north pole condition in the parietal direction and the south pole condition in the parietal direction.
  • a figure showing the results of a further experiment conducted by another subject to demonstrate the effect of interference between current and magnetic field due to Lorentz force, (A) is a rotation of multiple experiments under each of the three conditions.
  • (B) shows the amount of change in eye rotation due to magnetic stimulation, which is obtained by subtracting the average amount of rotation in the baseline condition from the average amount of rotation in the N pole condition in the parietal direction and the S pole condition in the parietal direction.
  • (C) shows the amplitude of eye rotation with respect to GVS calculated for the north pole condition in the parietal direction and the south pole condition in the parietal direction.
  • the present invention allows a stimulation current to flow transcranially into the brain through a hole in the human skull, while applying a local magnetic field transcranially to interact with the stimulation current.
  • a device that causes changes such as locally curving the current path of a stimulating current by locally applying a Lorentz force to the charged particles (charged particles). This makes it possible to apply stimulation locally to different parts of the brain, that is, with fine control, for research and treatment.
  • the electrical properties of the head will be explained.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the area around the outer ear; (C) shows the area around the left and right external ears and the area around the left and right orbit; (D) shows the area around the left and right external ears and the left and right sides of the nape of the neck. Further, FIG. 5(B) illustrates the structure of each layer constituting the head.
  • the head has layers of the scalp, cranium, cerebrospinal fluid, and cerebral cortex from the outside.
  • the skull has a high electrical impedance, making it difficult for current to flow through it compared to other layers. Therefore, the stimulation current supplied from the scalp is blocked by the cranium and flows into the brain in an attenuated manner.
  • FIG. 1(B) there are multiple holes in the skull.
  • the current path connects the foramen of the left and right external auditory canals, the site that connects the foramen of the right external auditory canal and the foramen of the right orbit, the site that connects the foramen of the left external auditory canal and the foramen of the left orbit, and the site that connects the foramen of the left external auditory canal and the foramen of the left orbit.
  • It is mainly formed as a tying part (see Fig. 1(C)).
  • Fig. 1(D) when the stimulation current flows through a region connecting the holes of the left and right external auditory canals, for example, the stimulation current does not flow along a linear current path as shown schematically, but with a certain cross-sectional area.
  • the vestibule is located in the inner ear and is an organ that receives stimulation current and senses acceleration. Previous studies using GVS have shown that the direction of the stimulation current flowing through the vestibule matches the direction of the presented sensation of acceleration, and that there is a positive correlation between the current value of the stimulation current and the intensity of the presented acceleration. (Non-patent document 3 published in Patent document 1 above, "Hideyuki Ando, Junji Watanabe, Maki Sugimoto, Taro Maeda: Theory and application of vestibular sensory interface technology; Journal of Information Processing Society of Japan, Vol. 48 , No. 3, 1326-1335 (2007)).
  • the stimulation current flows through the foramen (the tissue site forming it) and the ventricle of the brain via a set of electrodes 31 attached to the epidermis.
  • One set of electrodes 31 includes a pair of positive and negative electrodes 31 (see FIG. 2(A)), a combination of three electrodes 31 as shown in FIG. 2(B), and FIGS. 2(C), (D ) includes a combination of four electrodes 31.
  • Figure 2 mainly shows each current path and the content of stimulation to the vestibular organ when the electrode 31 is attached to the epidermis corresponding to the foramen of the external ear. This shows how to set the direction.
  • FIG. 2(A) shows a current path (Path(a)) when electrodes 31 are pasted to the holes of the left and right external ears, and a current is passed through one with the positive electrode and the other with the negative electrode.
  • (+/- or -/+) indicates the polarity of each electrode divided into the left side and right side with "/" in the center.
  • the right electrode 31 When the left electrode 31 is a positive electrode, the right electrode 31 is a negative electrode, and conversely, when the left electrode 31 is a negative electrode, the right electrode 31 is a positive electrode.
  • the vestibule is stimulated and acceleration along the current direction is felt (see Patent Document 1). Specifically, it is a roll stimulus in which the head is tilted to the left or right.
  • the black arrows in the figure indicate the sense of acceleration that occurs in the direction of current flow.
  • a sensation of acceleration in the front-back direction is generated by passing a current in the front-back direction to the vestibule. Specifically, it is a pitch stimulus that tilts the head forward or backward.
  • rotational acceleration is generated around the neck by reversing the direction of the current flowing relative to the vestibule on the left and right sides. Specifically, it is a Yaw stimulus that turns the head to the left or right.
  • vertical acceleration is generated by passing an electric current in the vertical direction to the vestibule.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the transcranial electrical stimulation device according to the present invention.
  • Transcranial electrical stimulation device 1 (hereinafter referred to as device 1) interacts a stimulation current with a local magnetic field in the brain via the transcranium, and generates local behavior (wavering) in a part of the path of the stimulation current using Lorentz force. ).
  • the device 1 includes a control section 10, an operation section 11, a power supply section 20, an electrode section 30, a magnet section 40, and a switching section 50.
  • the control unit 10 executes a control program to collectively control the operations of each unit.
  • the operation unit 11 receives operational instructions from the outside and changes the execution content of the control program as appropriate in accordance with the instructions.
  • the power supply unit 20 includes a current supply source for stimulating current generation and a current supply source for excitation.
  • the stimulation current is several mA, for example 1 to 3 mA, and the applied magnetic flux density is 1 mT to several hundred mT.
  • the power supply unit 20 is configured to be able to output direct current, direct current rectangular waves, and alternating current that swings alternately in both directions as required, depending on the application, etc., and the waveform of the exciting current can have various shapes. can be adopted.
  • the power supply unit 20 may switch the polarity of the excitation current as necessary so that the magnetic polarity can be replaced.
  • the electrode section 30 includes one set of electrodes 31. Current is supplied from the power supply unit 20 so that one or more of the set of electrodes 31 becomes a positive electrode (or negative electrode) and the other becomes a negative electrode (or positive electrode).
  • the electrode 31 has a predetermined surface shape, for example, a planar circular body with a size of several mm ⁇ to several cm ⁇ , and has conductivity at least on the side that adheres to the epidermis. In addition, by making it from a material that is easily deformable, it is possible to improve its adhesion to the epidermis. Note that it is preferable to use a conductive adhesive when applying the adhesive to the epidermis.
  • a permanent magnet or an electromagnet is applied to the magnet section 40.
  • the magnet portion 40 is in close proximity to or in contact with the epidermis to transmit magnetic flux from the magnetic pole surface into the brain.
  • magnetic fields have low cranial resistance, do not impede penetration, and almost pass through the brain, so they can be efficiently guided into the brain.
  • the magnetic field can be transmitted into the brain from any part of the scalp.
  • the magnet section 40 can be composed of at least one permanent magnet or electromagnet.
  • the magnet portion 40 has, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped or cylindrical shape, and both magnetic pole surfaces serve as magnetic poles S and N that are different from each other.
  • a pair of magnets may be integrated or semi-integrated so that they are adjacent and parallel (including substantially parallel) and the magnetic pole faces on the same side have opposite polarities.
  • it may be U-shaped.
  • the switching unit 50 is employed as necessary.
  • the magnet section 40 is an electromagnet 41
  • only the electromagnet 41 to be driven is selected. Uniform selection is made to supply the excitation current.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural diagram showing an example of the magnet part 40
  • (A) is a longitudinal section of the helmet 401
  • (B) is a diagram of the helmet 401 seen from inside
  • (C) is a structural diagram showing an example of the electromagnet 41.
  • Figure 5 is a diagram explaining the interaction between the stimulation current I and the magnetic field (magnetic flux density B)
  • (A) is a diagram explaining the principle of Lorentz force
  • (B) is a diagram explaining the interaction between the stimulation current I and the magnetic field (magnetic flux density B).
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between magnetic flux locally excited between a set of electromagnets.
  • a helmet 401 worn on the head has a hemispherical shell shape, and a plurality of electromagnets 41 are distributed on the inner surface thereof.
  • Each electromagnet 41 is connected by a power supply line (not shown), and excitation current from the power supply section 20 is supplied to the selected electromagnet 41 via the switching section 50.
  • the electromagnets 41 may be selected in various ways, including one electromagnet, a pair of two electromagnets, a set of three electromagnets, or a set of three or more electromagnets (hereinafter collectively referred to as one set).
  • the current directions are adjusted in advance so that the central electromagnet 41 and the other electromagnets 41 have opposite polarities.
  • the switching unit 50 may be configured to be able to select two sets of different locations, that is, at least one set, depending on the purpose.
  • the electromagnet 41 includes an attachment part 42 to the helmet 401 serving as a base, and a rod-shaped, for example circular, part that is erected on the attachment part 42 and exposed on the inner surface of the helmet 401 in a protruding state. It includes a columnar iron core 43 and a coil 44 wound around the iron core 43.
  • the iron core 43 is made of a magnetic material, and its top portion functions as a convex curved surface or a flat magnetic pole surface 431.
  • each electric charge q constituting the stimulation current I is subjected to a Lorentz force in the depth direction of the plane of the drawing.
  • the stimulation current I follows the current path along the plane of the paper, but when the magnetic field is generated, the current path curves, or swings, in the depth direction of the page.
  • Figure 6 is a simulated plan view illustrating the interaction between stimulation current and magnetic field, where (A) is a plan view with only stimulation current supplied, and (B) is the scalp on the left temporal side in (A). A plan view showing changes in the current path of the stimulation current when a downward magnetic field is applied nearby; (C) is a current path of the stimulation current when an upward magnetic field is applied near the scalp on the left temporal side in (A).
  • FIG. As shown in FIGS. 6(B) and 6(C), by reversing the polarity of the excitation current supplied to the electromagnet 41, the direction of curvature of the current path in the left part of the brain is swung forward and backward. be able to.
  • the amount of deflection of the current path is proportional to the product of magnetic flux density B and charge q.
  • the magnetic flux density distribution is shown in black, and the amount of deflection corresponds to the level.
  • the shaking period corresponds to the switching period of the magnetic field. Furthermore, by selecting another electromagnet 41 in FIGS. 4A and 4B, it is possible to swing the current path according to its position.
  • Figure 7 is a diagram showing an experiment to confirm the effect of interaction between stimulation current and magnetic field.
  • A is a simulated plan view for measuring head movement
  • B is a simulated top view of head movement. It is a simulated front view explaining. The purpose of the experiment was to confirm the presence or absence of significance in the case of only the stimulation current and in the case of the interaction between the stimulation current and the magnetic field.
  • a measuring device 60 was placed next to the subject and the movement of the subject's head was measured.
  • the measuring instrument 60 used in the experiment is an infrared reflection type three-dimensional motion analysis device (OptiTrack V120: manufactured by Duo, Acuity Inc.).
  • the light reflected by the three-dimensional reflective marker 61 attached to the camera is received by each camera, and the amount of head movement (for example, angle ⁇ (deg), (see FIG. 7(B)).
  • FIG. 7 shows movements in the Yaw direction, Roll direction, and Pitch direction (corresponding to FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C).
  • FIG. 8 shows the electrode 31 and permanent magnet 40A used in this experiment.
  • the electrode 31 was an electrode plate with a diameter of 40 mm, and the stimulation current was 3 mA DC.
  • an operating rod 400A is provided that extends horizontally from an intermediate position between the N and S poles of the permanent magnet 40A, and when the permanent magnet 40A is inserted into the ear canal, the operating rod 400A is rotated at least once around the axis. rotated to.
  • the magnet when inserting the magnet into the ear canal, the magnet was inserted with the north pole facing vertically upward.
  • the vertically upward direction at the time of insertion was defined as the (virtual) north pole. At this time, the time when the N pole changes from vertically upward to vertically downward is classified as time 0 (N-pole to S-pole), and the time when it changes from vertically downward to vertically upward is classified as time 0.
  • the classified items are expressed as (S-pole to N-pole).
  • S-pole to N-pole when a permanent magnet was used (mag existing), N-pole to S-pole and S-pole to N-pole were performed 15 times each. In addition, in the case of applying only stimulation current and no magnetic field (non-mag), N-pole to S-pole and S-pole to N-pole were each performed 11 times. Note that the rotation status of the operating rod 400A depends on the reaction of the subject, and is not necessarily at an accurately constant speed in each experiment.
  • Figure 9 shows the rotation of the magnet and Siamese magnet from S-pole to N-pole for the visualization target period (time -1 to 5 seconds).
  • -pole is shown in FIG. 10.
  • (A) represents rotation under non-mag conditions
  • (B) represents rotation under mag-exist conditions.
  • the magnet rolling was moved in the direction of the movement angle so that the average of the measured values from -1 to 0 seconds was 0 (deg), and Differences in the situation at time 0 seconds, which is the starting point, are absorbed and displayed.
  • (C) is a diagram in which the average value of (A) and (B) is displayed in an enlarged manner.
  • FIG. 11 shows the standard deviation within the target section of the rotation of the magnet and Siamese magnet in the ear canal.
  • (A) represents rotation under non-mag conditions
  • (B) represents rotation under mag-exist conditions.
  • a Siamese magnet is one that has the same shape as a magnet and does not generate magnetic flux.
  • Figures 12 and 13 are diagrams showing the body sway during the rotation of the magnet and Siamese magnet, respectively, for the visualization target period (time -1 to 5 seconds), and the one shown for the S-pole to N-pole is Figure 12.
  • FIG. 13 shows the N-pole to S-pole.
  • (A) represents the body sway under the non-mag condition
  • (B) represents the body sway under the mag-exist condition.
  • the head position was moved so that the average of the measured values from -1 to 0 seconds was 0 (mm), and the results were calculated at the start of each test. It is expressed by absorbing the differences in the situation at a certain point in time, 0 seconds.
  • FIG. 14 shows the standard deviation within the target section of body sway during the magnet in the ear canal and the Siamese magnet.
  • (A) represents body sway under the non-mag condition
  • (B) represents body sway under the mag-exist condition.
  • the standard deviation of measurement data (2) is larger than that of measurement data (1) in the entire time interval after time 0 seconds, and the standard deviation ratio is approximately that of measurement data (2). It can be seen that this is twice as large as the measurement data (1). It was found that the body sway was significantly large. Moreover, as measured data (2) shows, body sway increases as the magnetic pole surface reverses, and around 2 seconds when the magnetic pole reverses, it can be seen in the difference in standard deviation as shown in (4). The body sway became even greater during the rotation, and the body sway remained high even during subsequent rotations.
  • eyeball rotation refers to the amount of rotation around the visual axis when the visual axis of the eyeball is used as the rotation axis.
  • the eyeball posture before the start of stimulation is 0 degrees, and the angle rotated counterclockwise from there is the correct angle. and calculate the angle rotated clockwise as negative.
  • the baseline condition is the case where only current stimulation is applied without applying magnetism.
  • only components that are not effects due to Lorentz force should be observed as phenomena.
  • a superposition phenomenon of the component due to the Lorentz force effect and the phenomenon due to the base line condition can be observed.
  • reversal of the polarity of the Lorentz force was achieved by reversing the magnetic pole of a permanent magnet 40A (see FIG. 8) inserted into the ear, and the presence or absence of reversal of eye movement was measured when the magnetic pole was reversed.
  • a goggle-type eyeball measuring device was used to measure eyeball movements.
  • the distance between the camera and the eyeball was 15mm, and the distance to the gaze point was 550mm.
  • the camera used was Raspberry (registered trademark) Pi camera V2 (manufactured by Raspberry Pi Foundation), which is a Raspberry (registered trademark) Pi camera module. Additionally, the camera was tested with ISO sensitivity set to 100, fps set to 30, resolution set to 1640 x 1232, and shutter speed set to 1/240s.
  • an infrared LED was attached to the goggles as a light source that was invisible to humans in the dark.
  • electrodes 31 for applying stimulation current were pasted on the subject's temple and mastoid process, with the temple side serving as the positive electrode.
  • As a stimulation current AC GVS with a frequency of 0.25 Hz and an amplitude of 1.5 mA was applied for 12 seconds.
  • the stimulation current was directed from the temple to the mastoid process, ie, from anterior to posterior in the vestibular apparatus.
  • the conditions were the following three conditions in which the magnetic stimulation conditions were varied, and measurements were performed 10 times in total for each condition.
  • non-contact methods include a method that uses image processing to recognize the pupil and iris from an image captured by a camera and measures the line of sight, and a method that uses infrared rays to track the eye.
  • a method of measuring the line of sight from the corneal reflection pattern by irradiating the cornea can be adopted.
  • a linear drift was subtracted from the amount of eyeball rotation obtained from eyeball tracking, and a low-pass filter with a cutoff frequency of 0.5 [Hz] was applied.
  • FIGS. 15 and 16 (B) will be explained.
  • the horizontal axis is time
  • the vertical axis is the eye rotation amount amplitude with respect to GVS.
  • the amount of change in eye rotation due to magnetic stimulation ( 10) and (20) were calculated.
  • the sine in the first two periods of GVS stimulation was The amplitudes of eye rotation (11) and (21) for GVS were calculated by fitting the waves using the least squares method.
  • FIGS. 15 and 16 (C) the amplitude of the amount of eye rotation with respect to GVS is shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 (C) for the N pole condition in the parietal direction and the S pole condition in the parietal direction, respectively. Both subjects showed similar characteristics.
  • the error bar in the figure indicates the root mean square error between the sine wave of the fitting result and the amount of change in eye rotation due to magnetic stimulation.
  • the transcranial electrical stimulation device includes positive and negative electrodes that are installed on the surface of the head corresponding to holes opened in the skull, and that flow stimulation current into the ventricles, and It is preferable to include a magnet section that has a magnetic pole placed on the surface of the stimulation current and generates a local magnetic field that interacts with the stimulation current.
  • a current path through which a stimulating current flows into the ventricle is formed by placing positive and negative electrodes by pasting or the like on the surface of the head corresponding to, for example, near or facing a hole in the skull. That is, the stimulating current passes through the hole and flows within the brain without being blocked by the cranium, forming a current path.
  • the current path can be changed locally compared to when no magnetic field is applied.
  • a magnetic field that is transcranially permeable can be applied locally to areas that cannot be used as a current path due to the spatial distribution of impedance in the head.
  • the magnet section is a set of magnets with different polarities, and the magnetic poles of each magnet are adjacent to each other. According to this configuration, in addition to the mode in which the magnet section is configured with one magnet, it is possible to configure the magnet section with a plurality of magnets, and the magnetic flux density can be increased.
  • the transcranial electrical stimulation device preferably includes a second power supply section, the magnet section is an electromagnet, and the second power supply section supplies a current that excites the electromagnet.
  • the magnetic field strength can be adjusted, and the excitation operation can also be performed when necessary, for example, during an appropriate period while the stimulation current is being supplied.
  • the current for excitation may be direct current or alternating current.
  • direct current a new current path is statically or dynamically obtained on one side of the left and right, while in the case of alternating current, the current path is dynamically changed to the left and right.
  • the current waveform for excitation may be a square wave or a sine wave whose level changes gradually. By changing the current waveform, the swing state of the current path can be changed as appropriate.
  • the transcranial electrical stimulation device includes a helmet that is worn over the head and a switching unit, and the electromagnets include a plurality of electromagnets that are spaced apart from each other, and the magnetic poles of each electromagnet are exposed on the inner surface of the helmet. It is preferable that the switching unit selects at least one set from among the plurality of electromagnets. According to this configuration, a transcranial magnetic field can be applied to a local region within the brain from any location on the head.

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  • Magnetic Treatment Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de stimulation électrique transcrânienne (1) comprenant : des électrodes positive et négative (31) qui sont installées sur des surfaces respectives d'une tête correspondant à des trous ouverts dans le crâne, telles que des surfaces proximales ou opposées de la tête, afin de former un trajet de courant à travers lequel un courant de stimulation circule dans le ventricule cérébral ; et une unité d'aimant (40) qui présente une petite surface de pôle magnétique (431) qui vient en butée sur la surface de la tête pour fournir un champ magnétique local afin de modifier localement le trajet de courant par le biais d'une interaction avec le courant de stimulation. De cette manière, le champ magnétique localisé est mis en interaction avec le courant de stimulation afin de modifier ainsi localement le trajet du courant de stimulation dans le cerveau au moyen d'une force de Lorentz.
PCT/JP2023/010300 2022-03-16 2023-03-16 Dispositif de stimulation électrique transcrânienne WO2023176924A1 (fr)

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CN119158171A (zh) * 2024-09-18 2024-12-20 上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院 一种电刺激前庭康复系统及方法

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JP2008188121A (ja) * 2007-02-01 2008-08-21 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> 電気刺激装置、刺激電流制御方法
WO2009047628A2 (fr) * 2007-08-17 2009-04-16 Endymed Medical Ltd. Procédés et dispositifs d'électrochirurgie à énergie inductive
KR101649734B1 (ko) * 2016-02-26 2016-08-26 주식회사 메드믹스 자기장을 이용하여 피부 침투 깊이의 선택적 조절이 가능한 고주파 장치
JP2017060581A (ja) * 2015-09-25 2017-03-30 国立大学法人大阪大学 前庭電気刺激装置及び仮想現実体感装置
KR102358008B1 (ko) * 2021-06-22 2022-02-08 (주)리솔 선택적 부위 자극이 가능한 전류자극기기 및 이의 제어방법

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008188121A (ja) * 2007-02-01 2008-08-21 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> 電気刺激装置、刺激電流制御方法
WO2009047628A2 (fr) * 2007-08-17 2009-04-16 Endymed Medical Ltd. Procédés et dispositifs d'électrochirurgie à énergie inductive
JP2017060581A (ja) * 2015-09-25 2017-03-30 国立大学法人大阪大学 前庭電気刺激装置及び仮想現実体感装置
KR101649734B1 (ko) * 2016-02-26 2016-08-26 주식회사 메드믹스 자기장을 이용하여 피부 침투 깊이의 선택적 조절이 가능한 고주파 장치
KR102358008B1 (ko) * 2021-06-22 2022-02-08 (주)리솔 선택적 부위 자극이 가능한 전류자극기기 및 이의 제어방법

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN119158171A (zh) * 2024-09-18 2024-12-20 上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院 一种电刺激前庭康复系统及方法

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