WO2019166889A1

WO2019166889A1 - The method of pre-sowing processing of seeds

Info

Publication number: WO2019166889A1
Application number: PCT/IB2019/050853
Authority: WO
Inventors: Sergiy VODOLAGIN
Original assignee: Vodolagin Sergiy
Priority date: 2018-02-28
Filing date: 2019-02-04
Publication date: 2019-09-06
Also published as: UA130293U

Abstract

The method of pre-sowing processing of seeds during sowing of seeds, wherein the seed passes through the seed pipeline, and simultaneously exposed to the magnetic field of high intensity. The seeds are exposed to the magnetic field created by the magnets (for example, the neodymium NdFeB (N42)) mounted on the seeds of the seed lines of any seeder. Magnets are arranged in such a way that the magnetic field lines are located in perpendicular planes, which additionally increases the intensity of the magnetic field that affects the seeds. The velocity of the seed material is determined by the ratio V=. √2gh ≤ 2m/sec. The distance from the seeds to the surface of the magnets is not more than 1.5 cm.

Description

THE METHOD OF PRE-SOWING PROCESSING OF SEEDS

This invention relates generally to the treatment of seeds for increasing the rate of germination of the seeds and the rate of plant growth from the seeds and is particularly concerned with multiple super-fast magnetic treatment of all seed material immediately during sowing.

It is known enough that many methods of pre-sowing treatment of seeds by treating the seeds with a mixture of nutrients and biologically active substances, which in one way or another affect the quality of seedlings and plant health in the future.

A significant disadvantage of all known devices and methods is that they do not provide a sufficiently high and uniformity of seed germination.

PRIOR ART

In patent No. UA53954A disclosed a method of treating seed during sowing of a seed with a microwave device comprising a working chamber in which the seed pipelines are installed, where seeds passing through the seed pipelines, and therefore it is exposed to an ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field.

W099/35897 discloses an electromagnetic stimulator for influencing plant growth that directly contacts the plant and operates with alternating magnetic fields essentially perpendicular to the axis of the stalk in order to change ionic flux.

From EP0995463A a device is known by means of which biological processes in the human body are influenced by pulsating electromagnetic fields, particularly in order to increase 02 utilization and stimulate metabolic processes, wherein the individual pulses may follow a formularized function.

The object of the US201 1283607 (201 1 -1 1 -24) is to provide a method for the treatment of plants using electromagnetic fields in which specific energy inputs result in a significant acceleration of growth or in increased yields by changing the energetic processes in the plant. The method consists in the treatment of plants using electromagnetic fields and is characterized in that a pulse generator applies pulse sequences to growing plants or the seeds thereof in a pulsed electromagnetic field, wherein the individual pulses have a frequency ranging from 1 to 100 Hz and the amplitude of each individual pulse corresponds to an exponential function or the pulses have envelope curves rising and falling in the form of an arc, wherein the individual pulses are emitted in synchronous or asynchronous groups of pulses having different magnetic flux densities, and wherein a first pulse group has a pulse time of 0.1 to 0.3 seconds with a magnetic flux density of 35 to 100 mT and a second pulse group has a pulse time of 10 to 30 seconds with a magnetic flux density of 2 to 40 mT, and wherein the plants are exposed to the pulsating electromagnetic field once to 30 times a day for 1 to 120 minutes each time or continuously for several days.

Disadvantage of said above methods and apparatuses based on electromagnetic treatment is complexity and more power consumption, considerably higher energy supply requirements for mechanisms, additional disadvantage is inability to immediate sowing of pretreated material.

On our opinion said magnetic flux density of 35 to 100 mT is insufficient to achieve any notable effect. Lowest level of should be at least 100 mT, preferably 150 and higher mT.

US3675367 (1972-07-1 1 ) discloses magnetization of seeds with the apparatus for magnetically treating seeds to increase their germination and growth rate in which the exposure time in the magnetic field is reduced to the extent that a large quantity of seeds can be adequately treated in a short period of time.

Said apparatus however can be made compact size but it still difficult to install it on

commercially available seeder that is which is a must condition for immediate sowing of pretreated material.

US3765125 (1973-10-16) providing apparatus for magnetically treating seeds to increase their germination and growth rate by moving the seeds through a magnetic field and causing the seeds to assume a multiplicity of positions while in the magnetic field to substantially reduce the exposure time necessary to adequately treat the seeds wherein means is provided for increasing the turbulence of the seeds as they may move through the magnetic field to increase the likelihood that each seed will be fully magnetized.

Alternatively, providing apparatus for magnetically treating seeds to increase their germination and growth rate including means for exposing the seeds to radiant energy, such as infrared radiation, prior to their entry into the magnetic field.

US4020590 (1977-05-03) Provides apparatus presented by housing adapted for receiving and containing seeds or seedlings which housing includes drive means for causing movement of the housing, e.g., rotating the housing about an axis, to cause the seeds and seedlings to roll and tumble therein. One pole of a magnet produces a magnetic field through which said housing rotates such that the seeds and seedlings therein are more or less continuously exposed to the unipolar magnetic field. Timer means may be operatively associated with the drive means in order to closely control the exposure time of the seeds and seedlings to the field, which exposure time has been found to be critical for achieving optimum improved results. The housing has communicating therewith inlet and outlet ports for receiving and discharging gaseous or liquid materials therethrough and which provides the capability of magnetically treating the seeds together with said fluid materials. General object of US4240365 (1980-12-23) is to provide a seed planting apparatus adapted for inducing magnetism into seeds during the planting operation and prior to the delivery of the seeds to the ground to be planted. A more specific object is to provide a seed planting apparatus in accordance with the foregoing object, in which the magnetically treated the seeds as they move along a path of travel from the seed hopper of the apparatus to a seed metering device such as a precision seed dispenser for controlling the movement of the seeds onto the ground. A further object is to provide seed planting apparatus in accordance with the foregoing objects, wherein seeds are caused to move in a tortuous path through a magnetic field to control the rate of movement, and hence the time of exposure of the seeds in the magnetic field.

According to GB2189673 (1987-1 1 -04) provided a method for treating plant material to enhance its growing properties which comprises exposing the material to a magnetic field. Of course, the field should generally be substantially greater than that of the earth, suitably at least one or more orders of magnitude greater (i.e. at least 10, more preferably at least 100, possibly at least 1000 or 10,000 times greater). The treatment seems to 'activate' the iron within the plant material. This may be effected using a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. Particularly preferred is the use of a powerful electromagnet as is normally used for making permanent magnets. Activation can cause enhanced growth and/or enhanced reproduction. It can enhance migration of iron (and iron-containing substances) in the material. The material may be exposed to a field for several minutes, e.g. at least 5. Embodiments of the invention will now be given by way of example only.

All apparatuses disclosed in US3675367, US37651256 US4020590, US4240365, GB2189673 however ideally can be made in compact design but it still difficult to install it on commercially available seeder that is which is a must condition for immediate sowing of pretreated material.

The disadvantage of this method is that it does not provide a sufficiently high and uniform seed germination; they are quite complicated in the use in present commercially available sowing apparatus for a variety of existing vehicles.

According US4188751 (1980-02-19), apparatus presented by a tubular member defining an internal seed passageway extending between an inlet end and outlet end of the device. A permanent magnet, which has a longitudinal axis extending between its opposite poles, is secured coaxially within the passageway by way of mounting means. The magnetic field is thus disposed concentrically in the passageway about the magnet, and fullest advantage is taken of the two zones of maximum density in the area of the poles. Another aspect of the invention (US4188751 ) the passageway has a constricted portion between the magnet and the tubular member. In one embodiment of the invention the internal surface has a converging section in an annular portion of the passageway about the magnet so as to form a constriction whereby the seed is funnelled toward the magnet. The funnelling effect results in the seed passing through an area adjacent the magnet where the magnetic field is the strongest. Yet another aspect - a device which includes a tubular member having an inner wall defining an internal seed passageway extending therethrough and magnetic means for providing an area of concentrated flux lines in the passageway. The inner wall has means for funnelling the seed centrally of the passageway in the area of the concentrated magnetic flux lines, the funnelling means having an area of minimum constriction on a plane normal to central axis of the passageway. The constricted portion has a first converging part extending in the direction of the seed flow and merging smoothly into a second diverging part at the plane of maximum constriction. The first part converges at a gradual angle relative to the axis of the passageway, and the second part diverges at a gradual angle relative to the axis of the passageway downstream of the plane of maximum constriction. In the device the seed follows streamlines in passing through the area of concentrated flux lines so that a much higher rate of flow is achieved.

Device disclosed in US4188751 combines compactness and ease of design, which ensures the possibility of installation on commercially available seeders. On inventor^'s opinion last apparatus is closest prior art to his invention, but the above arrangement of magnet cannot provide required field strength for effective treatment of sowing material.

There is urgent need for development an easily reproducible and reliable method for treating seeds to enhance their growth characteristics.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

The method of pre-sowing cultivation of seeds during sowing of seeds, in which the seed passes through the seed line, where simultaneously exposed to the magnetic field of high intensity. The seeds are exposed to the magnetic field created by the magnets (for example, the neodymium NdFeB (N42)) mounted on the seed lines of any commercially available seeder. Magnets are arranged in such a way that the magnetic field lines are located in perpendicular planes, which additionally increases the intensity of the magnetic field that affects the seeds.

The velocity of the seed material is determined by the ratio V=V2gh£2 m/sec, and where the distance from the seed to the surface of the magnets is not more than 1.5 cm. where g - gravitational acceleration, h - is the distance from the edge of the sowing apparatus magnetic lines of installed magnets. The distance from the seeds to the surface of the magnets is not more than 1.5 cm.

FIGURES

Fig.1 - US3675367 (Prior art design, for references and details see original document) Fig.2 - US3765125 (Prior art design, for references and details see original document) Fig.3 - US4020590 (Prior art design, for references and details see original document)

Fig.4 - US4240365 (Prior art design, for references and details see original document)

Fig.5 - US4188751 (Prior art design, for references and details see original document)

Fig.6 - Influence of treatment according to present invention of soy seeds by magnetic fields on different phases of vegetation, on the left plants from the row, sown with the installation of magnets on seeder.

Fig.7a, b - the magnetic field lines of the magnets used as example of present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The purpose of the method of improving the quality of the seed material of soybeans is obtaining uniform shoots of plants with enhanced immunity, intensive growth dynamics and planting reliably protected from aggressive negative effects of environment and finally, an increase of yields and improved quality of grain. Also, providing of a universal means of treatment of the seeds during sowing.

Briefly stated, the basis of the claimed invention provides a method of pre-sowing treatment of seeds during sowing, where the seeds passes through the seed pipeline, undergoes treatment with magnetic field created by the magnets (for example, the neodymium NdFeB (N42)) mounted on the seed lines of any seeder, and where magnetic fields created by the magnets located in perpendicular to planes of movement direction of seeds, which additionally enriches the space by force fields, and where the velocity of the seed material defined by equation V=. ^'2gh < 2m/sec

For example, in case of seeder KINZE-3600 h = 12-20 cm, V = 1.5-2 m/s

Given the speed of the seed material (V=. ^/2gh < 2m/sec ), which is optimal, and the close proximity of the trajectory of the motion of the seed from the surface of the magnets (less than 1 .5 cm), we obtain ideal conditions for multiple high-speed magnetic treatment of seed right before sowing.

Exemplary characteristics of magnets:

Residual magnetic induction - B_R = 1 ,22 ~ 1 ,26 T

Coercivity - Hcj = 955 kA/m Magnet type - NdFeB (N42)

During the development, it was studied and shown effect of said conditions on the results of agricultural activity: 1 ) an increase in quantitative yields:

- increasing the physical weight yield of 3.7%;

- increase seed yield by 13.2%, leading to an increase in the profitability of the production of seed material;

2) provided intensive dynamics of vegetative and generative organs of plants that can effectively influence the plants during the vegetation process, which also contributes to more quickly and accurately absorption of nutrients by plants;

3) improving the properties of soybean plants fixing atmospheric nitrogen;

4) enhancing plant immunity;

5) increasing the percentage of field germination of soybean seeds (95%), resulting in a proportional reduction seeding rate of soybean seeds (40 kg/ha ~ 260 000 seeds/ha), resulted to reduced expenditure;

6) the achievement of relatively fast and uniform shoots of plants.

Based on observation and quantitative data of higher number of seeds compared to plants grown from untreated seeds an assumption can be made about the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen and raised immunity of plants.

AN EXAMPLE OF APPLICATION

When preparing the sowing unit for work, the NdFeB (N42) magnets were installed on the inside of the cavity of the seed pipeline, between the sowing apparatus and the coulter. Magnets were installed in order Chess (through one sowing apparatus), so that the sowing took place through one row by row across the field: a series without treatment with magnets, a row with magnetic treatment, etc.

After that, the soybean seeds were sown, with all other equal conditions for both sowing apparatuses with magnets, and without them.

In the process of vegetation of soybeans, intensive dynamics of the development of vegetative and generative organs of plants were found in rows seeded from seed lines with installed magnets (NdFeB (N42)) were observed.

After the physiological maturation of plants, manual harvesting took place in rows, sown with the use of magnets, and in rows adjacent to them, sown without the use of magnets. The statistical data were obtained after harvesting in 6 different sections of the experimental field, for the most objective analysis of the results. To obtain comparative characteristics, plants were taken from areas of 7.5 meters running in rows, sown with magnets and 7.5 meters running in the neighboring rows, where seed was sown without the use of magnets.

At 6-times repetition, the following averaged indices were established, with absolutely identical planting density (15.8 plants per linear meter) and at absolutely equal conditions:

Consequently, in percentage terms, the quantitative growth of beans in rows sown with the use of magnets was 13.2%, and the increase in the weight of the beans obtained in the corresponding lines with the use of magnets was 3.7%.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that one or more of the described elements may well be combined into a single functional element. Alternatively, certain elements may be split into multiple functional elements. Elements from one embodiment may be added to another embodiment. For example, orders of processes described herein may be changed and are not limited to the manner described herein. Also, those acts that are not dependent on other acts may be performed in parallel with the other acts. The scope of embodiments is by no means limited by these specific examples. Numerous variations, whether explicitly given in the specification or not, such as differences in structure, dimension, and use of material, are possible. The scope of embodiments is at least as broad as given by the following claims.

Claims

1 . The method of pre-sowing processing of seeds during sowing of seeds, wherein the seed passes through the seed pipeline exposed to the magnetic field of high intensity, characterized in that the seeds are exposed to the magnetic field created by magnets installed on parts of the seed pipelines of seeder

2. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that the seeds are exposed to the

magnetic field of magnets arranged in such a way that the magnetic field lines are directed in perpendicular planes, which additionally increases the intensity of the magnetic field that affects the seeds.

3. Method according to any of the claims 1 or 2 characterized in that the seeds exposed to the magnetic field closer than 1.5 cm to the surface of the magnets.

4. Method according to any of the claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the velocity of the seed material across magnetic field is between 1 to 3 m/sec .

5. Method according to any of the claims 1 to 4 characterized in that the velocity of the seed material across magnetic field is between 1 .5 to 2 m/sec.

6. Method according to any of the claims 1 to 5 characterized in that the magnets are

neodymium (NdFeB) magnets.

7. Method according to any of the claims 1 to 6 characterized in that the residual magnetic induction of magnets is between 1 ,22 to 1 ,26 T and coercivity is between 900 to 1000 kA/m.

8. Method according to any of the claims 1 to 7 characterized in that the seed is soybean.

9. Method according to any of the claims 1 to 8 characterized in that the seed processed right before sowing.

10. Seeder pipeline characterized in that it bears magnets on its inner surface of its cavity.

1 1. Seeder pipeline according to claim 10 characterized in that magnetic field of magnets arranged in such a way that the magnetic field lines are directed in perpendicular planes.