WO2019060970A1

WO2019060970A1 - Internal heating system for refractory troughs

Info

Publication number: WO2019060970A1
Application number: PCT/BR2017/050291
Authority: WO
Inventors: José Gascon HERNANDEZ
Original assignee: Alum Industria E Comercio De Insumos Para Fundicao Ltda Epp
Priority date: 2017-09-28
Filing date: 2017-09-28
Publication date: 2019-04-04
Also published as: BR112020006155B1; BR112020006155A2

Abstract

Developed for heating refractory troughs and keeping them heated while conveying various types of metals and other products in liquid form, mainly aluminium, the internal heating system for refractory troughs is formed of refractory component modules, preferably made of highly resistant materials, such as fused silica and other materials, and is formed of an inlet and outlet refractory trough module (1), which has a single internal channel (4); a refractory trough module containing baffles (2), which has a single internal channel (4) and diamond-shaped baffles (17) inside said channel; an intermediate refractory trough module (3), which has a single internal channel (4) and another secondary channel (12a and 12b); fixed sacrificial troughs (9) and a movable sacrificial trough (10), arranged at the bottom of the inlet, outlet and intermediate troughs to receive the heating element.

Description

INTERNAL HEATING SYSTEM FOR CABLES

REFRACTORY

APPLICATION:

[001] This descriptive report refers to an INTERNAL HEATING SYSTEM FOR REFRACTORY STICKS, which is intended to heat and maintain heated refractory gutters used in transportation of various types of metals as well as other products in the liquid state, from one location to another, keeping them warm and preventing them from hardening inside the gutters. This system can be used in the various sectors of the processing and processing industries of these metals, especially aluminum.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:

[002] This INTERNAL HEATING SYSTEM FOR REFRACTORY SHUTTERS, is intended to heat refractory rails developed specifically for this purpose, which are internally provided with a single "U" -shaped channel, which runs through the entire linear extent of the chute and occupies all the inner area of the side walls and the bottom. This channel is internally provided with a series of diamond-shaped chicanes, which are arranged in several rows in the longitudinal direction and at different spacings, through which the heating element circulates, such as hot air, hot gases or gases, from some source generating these heating elements.

[003] The diamond-shaped chicanes, existing within the channel, have two distinct purposes: the first is to direct the element of so that it fills and evenly fills the whole internal extension of the gutter channel. The second is to generate greater mechanical resistance to the structure of the refractory gutter.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:

Some means used for heating refractory gutters used in the transportation of liquid metals are known in the prior art.

Known means utilize refractory channels arranged within a metal support (plating). Between the gutters and chisels, seals are applied to reduce the loss of heating of the refractory gutters during transport of the liquid metals.

[006] In order to preheat the gutters, some systems use electric resistances disposed on the outer sides of the gutters, but this method is not efficient and generates a number of drawbacks such as liquid metal infiltration, as well as the complexity of maintenance and the high cost .

Other methods for preheating the known gutters are by using hot air blowers, gas burners or caps heated by electrical resistances, but all these means are not effective, in addition to the cost of application and maintenance.

US6973955 B2 of December 13, 2005 describes a heated trough for transfer of molten metal. This patent broadly describes a chute comprising an outer casing defined by a bottom wall and two walls an insulating layer which fills the outer shell and a U-shaped conductive refractory channel body for conveying molten metal, the trough body being embedded in the insulation layer. The device of this patent further includes at least one heating element positioned in the insulation layer adjacent but remote from the body of the rail.

[009] This system is not efficient because it is away from the gutter and does not provide efficient heating.

The patent US2010032455 A1 of August 8, 2008 describes and claims a control pin for use in controlling the flow of molten metal in a cast metal distribution system for casting, the control pin comprising: a pin body with an inner cavity and an outer surface, wherein the outer surface is dimensioned and configured to operatively interact with an inner surface of a nozzle to effectively control the flow of molten metal through a nozzle aperture; and a heating element within the internal cavity of the control pin body.

[01 1] This system is also inefficient, which can generate damage to the gutters beyond its complexity.

The patent US2010109210 A1 of November 3, 2008 describes a molten metal handling device comprising an outer shell defined by a bottom and two side walls, an insulation layer that partially fills the outer shell and a conductive refractory body comprising a metal-containing chute or body for transporting molten metal, the refractory body is within the confines of the insulation layer. O The device further includes at least one heating element positioned within the insulation layer, which has external contact with the refractory body.

[013] This system also does not prove efficient since it is located inside the insulation layer and not in the refractory part.

[014] US2013334744 of July 7, 2013, the most relevant document, describes a container for the treatment of molten metal. The receptacle has lower and side walls which comprise a refractory. The refractory defines a cavity into which the molten metal is transported or contained. The receptacle comprises at least one channel extending into at least one of the walls. The channel has one input and one output. The inlet is connectable to a source to circulate a fluid within the channel. The outlet allows the fluid to be expelled from the channel. The channel allows, when the fluid circulates through it, to regulate the temperature of the refractory and, thus, of the metal transported or contained.

Although the document concerns the adoption of a channel extending into at least one of the walls of the receptacle, it does not prove efficient, since a channel in one of the walls does not generate sufficient heating. It further informs this document that a source of fluid will be used to feed the channel, which has a high cost.

[016] Describes in this document, without precisely defining, that it may alternatively have a channel in each side wall of the receptacle, but for this it would be necessary to have a fluid heating system in each side wall of the receptacle, the which would double the cost and complexity of its operation, as well as the high cost of maintenance and heating systems. But even by placing a channel in each side wall of the receptacle, the bottom wall of the receptacle would not be heated, rendering the form presented inefficient and costly. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:

[017] In order to overcome all the inconveniences arising from the current techniques, the INTERNAL HEATING SYSTEM FOR REFRACTORY STICKS, which provides complete heating of the refractory chute, has been devised by means of a single internal U-shaped channel, which is arranged inside the three walls that make up the refractory chute. This single channel is internally provided with a series of chicanes, in the shape of a diamond, which are distributed in several intercalated rows, the purpose of which is to evenly distribute the heating element throughout the internal area of the three walls and in so that any refractory gutter or trough is uniformly heated, which can be done by heating elements, such as hot air, hot gases, among others, from generating sources in the production area itself. the reuse of these heating elements, generated by boilers, furnaces, wood burners, heaters, generators and other means, promoting the reuse of these energies that could possibly be discarded, generating a great economy in the production and within the ecologically correct principles. [018] This internal heating system for refractory gutters has the objective of practically, effectively, safely and economically, the heating of a liquid metal transport line, which are transported by means of refractory gutters.

[019] Several features and advantages of this heating system for refractory parts are:

[020] MODULAR: The refractory ducts are modular, which allows the assembly of a transport line with specific needs for the transport of the liquid metal from one point to another. This system is formed by three modules of refractory parts, being an input or output refractory chute module, a refractory chute module with diamond-shaped chicanes and an intermediate refractory chute module that connects other modules.

[021] Inlet or outlet refractory chute module: the refractory inlet or outlet chute has the same purpose, shape and dimensions, one being positioned at the beginning of the transport line, which will receive from the top (bed) the entrance of the liquid metal, and from the bottom, the inlet of the heating element. At the end of the transport line is disposed the refractory outlet chute, which at the top discards the liquid metal, and at the bottom, discards the heating element.

[022] Refractory channel module with chicanes: this module is formed by the refractory chute provided internally of a single U-shaped channel, which occupies the entire internal area of the three walls that make up the refractory part and throughout extension longitudinally, making this part internally leaked. The entire length of the channel is internally provided with a series of chicanes in the diamond format. The chicanes fill the two inner walls of the channel, which generates greater mechanical resistance to the structure of the refractory channel.

[023] The diamond-shaped chicanes are arranged in several different intercalated rows and spacing, covering the whole area of the channel, so that the heating element circulates homogeneously throughout. If the heating element enters the channel on the left side, it will exit the right side, rotating inside the channel.

[024] Intermediate refractory rail module: Depending on the length of the transport line, the intermediate rail module is used. This gutter is positioned between two or more modules of refractory gutters with chicanes.

The function of the intermediate chute is to transfer the heating element from one module to another, as well as to allow a new source of heating element to enter the lower part, which may increase or maintain the desired heating in the subsequent modules of the transport line.

[026] Depending on the length of the transport line, the number of intermediate modules may vary, as well as the number of rails with chicanes.

[027] The rail modules are joined by means of seals such as gaskets or other types.

[028] The modules of the refractory channels are supported on a metal structure, wherein between the structure and the rails are inserted to maintain the heating of the gutters. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS:

[029] For a better understanding of the INTERNAL HEATING SYSTEM FOR REFRACTORY SLIPS, reference is made to the accompanying drawings:

[030] Figure 1 - top schematic view with internal details of the assembly formed by the entrance chute, chute with chicane, intermediate chute and exit chute, with the distribution of the chicanes in the diamond format;

[031] Figure 2 - lower schematic view with internal details of the assembly formed by the entrance chute, chute with chicane, intermediate chute and exit chute, with the distribution of the chicanes in the format of lozenge and details of the arrangement of the rails of sacrifice;

Figure 3 - side schematic view with internal details of the assembly formed by the entrance chute, chute with chicane, intermediate chute and outlet chute, with the distribution of the chicanes in the shape of lozenge and detail of the arrangement of the fixed sacrificial chutes and mobile. This figure shows the path of the heating element entering the mobile and fixed sacrifice rails arranged at the base of the entrance chute, passing through the chicanes chute, crossing the intermediate chute, where it receives another source of heating element, which joins the previous one, to follow through another chicane chute and reach the outlet chute, being discarded through the fixed sacrifice chute;

[033] Figure 4 - cross-sectional views of section AA figure 3; [034] Figure 5 - cross-sectional views of sections BB and CC Figure 3;

[035] Figure 6 - front view of the inlet and outlet chute, with details of the U-shaped single channel and the recess, also "U" shaped for receiving the gasket or other sealing material;

[036] Figure 7 - Side view of the inlet and outlet chute, with details of the elbow-shaped inner channel bending radius, which directs the heating element to the chicanes chute;

[037] Figure 8 - Bottom perspective view of the inlet and outlet chute, with details of the bottom opening where the fixed chute is connected and details of the U-shaped single channel and recess, also in the form of "U" for receiving the gasket or other sealing material;

Figure 9 is a top perspective view of the inlet and outlet chute with details of the inner transport bed of the liquid metal and details of the U-shaped single channel and the recess, also "U" shaped for receiving the gasket or other sealing material;

Figure 10 is a front view of the intermediate channel with details of the U-shaped single channel and the secondary channel disposed on the outside of the main channel receiving the new source of the heating element and the recess, also U-shaped for receiving the gasket or other sealing material;

FIG. 11 is a side view of the channel of the intermediate channel with details of the secondary channel and of the elbow-shaped channel radius of curvature directing the entrance of the second heating element to the chicanes; FIG. [041] Figure 12 - Bottom perspective view of the intermediate chute, with details of the opening of the base where the fixed chute is connected and details of the U-shaped channel and of the two secondary channel tracks, arranged on the outer side of the main, and U-shaped recess to receive the gasket or other sealing material;

[042] Figure 13 - Top perspective view of the intermediate chute, with details of the U-shaped channel and the two secondary channel segments disposed on the outer side of the main, and the U-shaped recess for receiving gasket or other sealing material;

[043] Figure 14 - Side view of the chicanes chute, with internal details showing the arrangement of chicanes inside the single U-shaped channel;

[044] Figure 15 - Front cross-sectional view of chicanes with single-channel U-shaped details with chicanes and U-shaped recess for gasket or other type of seal;

Figure 16 - Perspective view of the chicanes chute, with internal details of the single U-shaped channel and the arrangement of the chicanes therein;

[046] Figure 17 - Perspective view of the chicanes with details of the single U-shaped channel and the recess for gasket or other type of seal;

[047] Figure 18 - Sectional view of the fixed sacrifice trough;

[048] Figure 19 - Top view of the fixed sacrifice trough;

[049] Figure 20 - Perspective view of the fixed sacrifice trough;

[050] Figure 21 - Sectional view of the movable sacrifice rail; [051] Figure 22 - Top view of the movable sacrifice rail;

[052] Figure 23 - Bottom perspective view of the movable sacrifice rail;

[053] Figure 24 - Top perspective view of the movable sacrifice chute;

[054] Figure 25 - Top perspective view of a set assembly containing inlet chute, with fixed and movable sacrifice chutes, chicanes chute, intermediate chute, with fixed and movable sacrifice chutes, chicanes chute and chute exit with the fixed trough.

[055] Figure 26 - Bottom view of a set assembling containing inlet chute, with fixed and movable sacrifice chutes, chicanes chute, intermediate chute, with fixed and movable sacrifice chutes, chicanes chute and chute exit with the fixed trough.

PREFERRED CONSTRUCTION:

[056] In accordance with what is shown in the attached figures, the INTERNAL HEATING SYSTEM FOR REFRACTORY SHUTTERS consists of modular refractory rails, which allows the assembly of a transport line with specific needs for the transportation of the liquid metal from a point to other.

[057] This system consists of three modules of refractory parts, an inlet and outlet refractory rail module (1), a refractory chute module (2) and an intermediate refractory chute module (3) the connection between other modules of chutes with chicanes. [058] The transport line may have several refractory rails with chicanes and other intermediate rails, depending on their extension, as shown in Figures 3, 25 and 26.

[059] Refractory rails may consist of high strength materials such as fused silica and other materials.

The refractory inlet and outlet chute module 1 (Figures 6 to 9) is formed by a part, preferably rectangular or square in shape, which is formed by two side walls 8a and 8b and a bottom (8c), having at the center a sharp depression forming the bed (18) through which the liquid metal passes. Circumpling below the bed and taking the three walls internally, a single U-shaped channel (4) is arranged. This channel is leaked to the front face of the rail (11 1 a). In the central portion this channel forms an elbow (5), at an angle of approximately 90 ^s , which is directed towards the bottom (8c) towards the aperture (6).

[061] Positioned on the front face, and above the single channel, a U-shaped recess (7) is arranged, which purpose is to accommodate a gasket or other type of seal.

[062] In the aperture (6), situated at one end of the bottom (8c) will be connected a fixed sacrifice chute (9), in which the movable sacrifice chute (10) is connected if this part is used as the heating element. If it is used as an outlet, only the fixed trough will be connected.

The intermediate refractory chute module 3 (Figure 10-13) is formed by a piece, preferably rectangular or square in shape, which is formed by two side walls 8a and 8b and a bottom wall ( 8c), with the center having a marked depression that forms the bed 18, through which the liquid metal passes. Circumpling below the bed and taking the three walls internally, a single U-shaped channel (4) is arranged. This channel crosses the entire length of the channel, leaking its front portion (11a) and posterior (11b). On the outer sides of said channel (4) is arranged another secondary inlet channel (12a, 12b), which is cast on the front face of the part. In the central portion of the part this secondary channel forms an elbow (5), at an angle of approximately 90 ^s , which is directed towards the bottom (8c) against the aperture (6). This input channel 12a, 12b receives a second source of heating element which will join the heating element passing through the channel 4, increasing or maintaining the heating of the next modules, as shown in Figure 3, .

[064] A U-shaped recess (7) is arranged on the front and rear face and above the single channel (4), the purpose of which is to accommodate a gasket or other type of seal.

[065] In the opening (6), situated at one end of the bottom (8c) will be connected a fixed sacrifice chute (9), in which is connected the movable sacrifice chute (10), which receive the heating element.

The fixed sacrificial chute 9 is preferably cylindrical in shape, poured to the center 13 and externally an octagonal shape 14, the bevelled base 15 having a better connection with the mobile sacrifice trough. This part is fixed in the bottom opening (6), both in the inlet and outlet chute, and in the intermediate chute.

The mobile sacrificial chute (10), (Figures 21 to 24) is preferably cylindrical in shape, poured into the center (13) and externally an octagonal shape (14), the bevelled top portion (15) for better connection with the fixed sacrificial trough.

[068] The base is provided with a circular protrusion (16) for receiving the connection of the heating element.

The refractory chute module (2) (Figures 14 to 17) is formed by a part, preferably rectangular in shape, which is formed by two side walls (8a) and (8b) and a bottom (8c ), with the center having a marked depression forming the bed (18) through which the liquid metal passes. Circumpling below the bed and taking the three walls internally, a single U-shaped channel (4) is arranged. This channel crosses the entire length of the channel, leaking its front portion (11a) and posterior (11b). Positioned on the front and rear face and above the single channel (4), a U-shaped recess (7) is arranged to accommodate a gasket or other type of seal.

[070] Within the single channel (4) are chicanes (17) which are shaped like a diamond. The chicanes are arranged between the two inner walls of the single channel filling this space, which increases the mechanical strength of the refractory chute structure.

[071] The chicanes (17) are arranged in several interposed rows and with different spacing, overlapping the whole area of the channel, so that the heating element circulates homogeneously throughout. If the heating element enters the channel on the left side, it will exit the right side, rotating inside the channel.

Claims

Internal heating system for refractory chutes, intended to heat and maintain refractory ducts heated during transport of various types of metals and other products in the liquid state, characterized by a system formed by modules of refractory parts, preferably consisting of materials of high strength such as fused silica and other materials, formed by an inlet and outlet refractory chute module (1) provided with a single internal channel (4); (2), provided with a single internal channel (4) having inside said channel, diamond-shaped chicanes

(17); intermediate refractory chute module (3) provided with a single internal channel (4) and a second secondary channel (12a and 12b); fixed sacrifice rails (9) and movable sacrifice rails (10) arranged at the bottom of the inlet, outlet and intermediate rails.

An internal heating system for refractory chutes, according to claim 1, characterized in that the refractory input and output chute module (1) is formed by a part, preferably rectangular or square in shape, formed by two lateral walls (8a ) and (8b) and a bottom (8c), having at the center a sharp depression forming the bed

(18) through which the liquid metal passes, surrounding below said bed and taking the three walls internally, is disposed the single U-shaped channel (4), which is poured into the front face of the trough (11a), and in the central portion thereof, the channel forms an elbow (5) at an angle of approximately 90 ^s , which is directed towards the bottom (8c) against the aperture (6); positioned on the front face, and above the A U-shaped recess 7, which receives a gasket or other type of seal, is arranged to interconnect the modules, wherein in the aperture (6), located at one cent of the bottom (8c), there is provided a U- connected to a fixed sacrifice chute (9), in which the movable sacrifice chute (10), which receives the heating element, is connected to the inlet chute, and in the outlet chute only the fixed chute is connected.

3. An internal heating system for refractory chutes according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate refractory chute module (3) is formed by a part, preferably rectangular or square in shape, which is formed by two lateral walls (8a) (8b) and a bottom (8c), having at the center a sharp depression forming the bed (18), through which the liquid metal passes, circling below the bed and taking the three walls internally, a single channel ( 4), which transverse the entire length of the channel, with its front portion (11a) and posterior (11b) leaking, with the outer sides of said channel (4) being disposed another secondary input channel (12a, 12b) which is cast in the front face of the part, and in the central portion of said part this secondary channel forms an elbow (5), at an angle of approximately 90 ^s , which is directed towards the (8c) towards the aperture (6), the purpose of which is to and a second source of the heating element, connecting to the heating element passing through the channel (4), a U-shaped recess (7) is arranged on the front and rear face of the rail and above the single channel (4) "which receives the gasket or other type of seal, wherein, in the aperture (6), (9), connected to the movable sacrifice rail (10), which receives the second source of the heating element, is connected to the bottom one (8c).

An internal heating system for refractory chutes according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixed sacrificial chute (9) is preferably cylindrical in shape, is cast to the center (13) and externally an octagonal shape (14), the base (15) for better connection with the mobile sacrificial chute, being fixed in the bottom opening (6), both of the inlet and outlet chute, and in the intermediate chute.

Internal heating system for refractory chutes, according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable sacrificial chute (10) is preferably cylindrical in shape, poured to the center (13) and externally an octagonal shape (14), the part (15) for better connection with the fixed sacrificial chute, the base being provided with a circular protrusion (16) for receiving the connection of the heating element.

Internal heating system for refractory chutes, according to claim 1, characterized in that the chicanes refractory chute module (2) is preferably rectangular in shape, formed by two side walls (8a), (8b) and a bottom (8c), the center having a sharp depression forming the bed (18) through which the liquid metal passes, circling below the bed and taking the three walls internally is disposed the single U-shaped channel (4) O which runs through the entire length of the chute, leaking into its front (11a) and rear (11b) portions, having a U-shaped recess (7) positioned in the front and rear face and above said channel, , which receives the gasket or other type of sealant; within the single channel (4) are arranged the diamond-shaped chicanes (17) which are disposed between the two internal walls of the single channel filling this space and increasing the mechanical resistance of the refractory chute structure, said chicanes (17) are arranged in several interposed rows and with different spacing, overlapping the whole area of the channel, so that the heating element circulates homogeneously throughout, if entering the channel on the left side it will exit the right side .

An internal heating system for refractory chutes, according to claim 1, characterized in that the modules forming the transport line may have several refractory chutes with chicanes and other intermediate chutes, depending on their extension, this line being disposed within of a U-shaped metal support, having layers of insulation between the rails and the metal support.