WO2018136628A1 - Procédé et appareil pour l'élimination continue de vapeurs de gaz - Google Patents
Procédé et appareil pour l'élimination continue de vapeurs de gaz Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018136628A1 WO2018136628A1 PCT/US2018/014230 US2018014230W WO2018136628A1 WO 2018136628 A1 WO2018136628 A1 WO 2018136628A1 US 2018014230 W US2018014230 W US 2018014230W WO 2018136628 A1 WO2018136628 A1 WO 2018136628A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- vapor
- liquid mixture
- carrier gas
- gas
- liquid
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 29
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000002925 chemical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000008040 ionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LUYGICHXYUCIFA-UHFFFAOYSA-H calcium;dimagnesium;hexaacetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O LUYGICHXYUCIFA-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009292 forward osmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium formate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=O WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 4
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008570 general process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 syngas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D7/00—Sublimation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/34—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping with one or more auxiliary substances
- B01D3/40—Extractive distillation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
- B01D5/0057—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes
- B01D5/006—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes with evaporation or distillation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
- B01D53/265—Drying gases or vapours by refrigeration (condensation)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
- C07C7/11—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by absorption, i.e. purification or separation of gaseous hydrocarbons with the aid of liquids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/80—Water
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to the field of purification of gases.
- Our immediate interest is in the removal of vapors, such as water or carbon dioxide, that would be considered an impurity from a gas stream, such as combustion flue gas, natural gas, syngas, and air.
- Chemical complexing in solids occurs by passing the gas stream through a bed of desiccants or related solids that chemically bind the vapor. Chemical complexing in liquids occurs in brine solutions, near-eutectic solutions, or other systems where the liquid has the ability to complex with the vapor.
- Condensation occurs when the partial pressure of the vapor is reduced below the vapor's condensation point, allowing the vapor to condense into a liquid form.
- Desublimation is considered a form of condensation, as it brings a gas to a condensed state, namely to a solid.
- United States patent publication number 2008/7314502 to Kelley teaches a method for the separation of a single component from a multi -component gas stream. This disclosure is pertinent and could benefit from vapor removal methods disclosed herein and is hereby incorporated for reference in its entirety for all that it teaches.
- United States patent publication number 2011/0203174 to Lackner teaches a method and apparatus for extracting carbon dioxide from air. This disclosure is pertinent and could benefit from vapor removal methods disclosed herein and is hereby incorporated for reference in its entirety for all that it teaches.
- United States patent publication number 9067173 to Alban teaches a method and equipment for treating carbon dioxide-rich smoke. This disclosure is pertinent and could benefit from vapor removal methods disclosed herein and is hereby incorporated for reference in its entirety for all that it teaches.
- United States patent publication number 8088197 to Wright teaches a method for removing carbon dioxide from air. This disclosure is pertinent and could benefit from vapor removal methods disclosed herein and is hereby incorporated for reference in its entirety for all that it teaches.
- a method for continuously removing vapor, such as water or carbon dioxide from a carrier gas includes, first, causing direct contact of the carrier gas with a liquid mixture in a separation chamber, the carrier gas condensing at a lower temperature than the vapor.
- a combination of chemical effects cause the vapor to condense, complex, or both condense and complex with the liquid mixture.
- the liquid mixture is chosen from the group consisting of: first, a combination of components that can be maintained in a liquid phase at a temperature below the vapor's condensation point, whereby the vapor condenses into the liquid mixture; second, a combination of components where at least one component forms a chemical complex with the carbon dioxide vapor and thereby extracts at least a portion of the carbon dioxide vapor from the carrier gas; and third, a combination of components that can both be maintained in a liquid phase at a temperature below the carbon dioxide's condensation point, and wherein at least one component forms a chemical complex with the carbon dioxide vapor and thereby extracts at least a portion of the carbon dioxide vapor from the carrier gas.
- the liquid mixture is then reconstituted after passing through the separation chamber by a chemical separation process chosen to remove an equivalent amount of the carbon dioxide vapor from the liquid mixture as was removed from the carrier gas.
- the reconstituted liquid mixture is restored to temperature and pressure through heat exchange, compression, and expansion, as necessary, in preparation for recycling back to the separation chamber.
- the liquid mixture is then returned to the separation chamber. In this manner, the carrier gas leaving the exchanger has between 1% and 100% of the carbon dioxide vapor removed.
- the liquid mixture may consist of a mixture of water and a compound from either of the following two groups: i) ionic compounds including potassium carbonate, potassium formate, potassium acetate, calcium magnesium acetate, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, lithium chloride, and calcium chloride; and, ii) soluble organic compounds including glycerol, ammonia, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, ethanol, and methanol.
- the carrier gas may consist of combustion flue gas, moist air, syngas, producer gas, natural gas, steam reforming gas, any hydrocarbon that has higher volatility than carbon dioxide or water, as the case may be, or light gases.
- the separation chamber may be either a counter-current, direct-contact exchanger or a co-current, direct-contact exchanger.
- the chemical separation process for reconstituting the liquid mixture may be distillation, pressure-swing separation, liquid extraction, solid extraction, reverse osmosis, forward osmosis, filtration, stripping, or a combination of these.
- Figure 1 shows a general process flow diagram in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
- Figure 2 shows a process flow diagram for dehydrating combustion flue gas, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
- Figure 3 shows a process flow diagram for dehydrating natural gas, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 4 shows a process flow diagram for dehydrating propane gas, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
- Figure 5 shows a process flow diagram for dehydrating nitrogen gas, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
- Figure 6 shows a phase diagram for ionic compounds that include a subset of useful compounds in accordance with some embodiments of the invention
- Figure 7 shows a phase diagram for inorganic and organic compounds that include a subset of useful compounds in accordance with some embodiments of the invention.
- a carrier gas 102 containing a vapor 104 to be removed, enters a separation chamber 106.
- the vapor is one that would be considered an impurity to the carrier gas, such as water vapor or carbon dioxide vapor.
- a cold liquid mixture 108 enters separation chamber 106 flowing counter-current to the carrier gas 102 vapor 104 combination.
- Carrier gas 102 exits separations chamber 106 with substantially less vapor 104. In some embodiments, this can mean a removal of between 1% and 100% of vapor 104, such as carbon dioxide vapor.
- Liquid mixture 108 and extracted vapor 104 exit separations chamber 106 and are conveyed to a separations system 110.
- the extracted carbon dioxide vapor is transported as a combination of carbon dioxide dissolved in liquid mixture 108, carbon dioxide complexed in liquid mixture 108, and solid carbon dioxide suspended in liquid mixture 108.
- Captured carbon dioxide vapor 104 is removed in separations system 110, and liquid mixture 108, now at the same composition as required for separation chamber 106, is sent to a heat exchanger, compressor, or expander 112 to bring liquid mixture 108 to the required temperature for separations chamber 106.
- the chemical separation process for reconstituting the liquid mixture may be distillation, pressure-swing separation, liquid extraction, solid extraction, reverse osmosis, forward osmosis, filtration, stripping, or a combination of these.
- the liquid mixture consists of water and a compound from either of the following two groups: i) ionic compounds including potassium carbonate, potassium formate, potassium acetate, calcium magnesium acetate, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, lithium chloride, and calcium chloride; and, ii) soluble organic compounds including glycerol, ammonia, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, ethanol, and methanol.
- Carrier gas 102 may be combustion flue gas, syngas, producer gas, natural gas, steam reforming gas, any hydrocarbon that has higher volatility than carbon dioxide or water, as the case may be, or light gases.
- Combustion flue gas consists of the exhaust gas from a fireplace, oven, furnace, boiler, steam generator, or other combustor.
- the combustion fuel sources include coal, hydrocarbons, and biomass.
- Combustion flue gas varies greatly in composition depending on the method of combustion and the source of fuel. Combustion in pure oxygen produces little to no nitrogen in the flue gas. Combustion using air leads to the majority of the flue gas consisting of nitrogen.
- the non-nitrogen flue gas consists of mostly carbon dioxide, water, and sometimes unconsumed oxygen. Small amounts of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and trace amounts of hundreds of other chemicals are present, depending on the source. Entrained dust and soot will also be present in all combustion flue gas streams. The method disclosed applies to any combustion flue gases.
- Syngas consists of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide.
- Producer gas consists of a fuel gas manufactured from materials such as coal, wood, or syngas. It consists mostly of carbon monoxide, with tars and carbon dioxide present as well.
- Steam reforming is the process of producing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and other compounds from hydrocarbon fuels, including natural gas.
- the steam reforming gas referred to herein consists primarily of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, with varying amounts of carbon dioxide and water.
- Light gases include gases with higher volatility than water or carbon dioxide, as the case may be, including hydrogen, helium, nitrogen, and oxygen. This list is for example only and should not be implied to constitute a limitation as to the viability of other gases in the process. A person of skill in the art would be able to evaluate any gas as to whether it has higher volatility than water or carbon dioxide.
- liquid mixture 108 is conveyed from separation chamber 106 by a pump.
- the pump chosen would preferably be a cryogenic-style pump, capable of handling temperatures below the freezing point of carbon dioxide, as well as handling solid particles.
- the pump chosen could be a centrifugal, piston, pressure-recovery, propeller, circulator, slurry, positive-displacement, diaphragm, progressive-cavity, screw, or vane pump.
- the internals of the pump would again be chosen based on the specifics of liquid mixture 108, but would have to be chosen to be resistant to whatever materials were conveyed. They would need to be cold resistant, but may also need to be acid or corrosive resistant.
- the possibility of particulates, especially in cases where the carrier gas may have contaminants like soot or dust, would also indicate an erosion resistant material, such as ceramic or stainless steel.
- a combustion flue gas 202 containing vapor 204 to be removed, enters a counter-current direct contact exchanger 206.
- a cold liquid mixture 208 enters exchanger 206 flowing counter-current to the combustion flue gas 202/vapor 204 combination.
- Liquid mixture 208 is chosen to consist of water and calcium and/or sodium chloride at an appropriate concentration and temperature, as per Figure 6.
- Combustion flue gas 202 exits exchanger 206 with all vapor 204 removed.
- the liquid mixture 208 and extracted 204 exit exchanger 206 and are conveyed to a solid- liquid separation system 210 where the captured solid carbon dioxide 204 is removed, and liquid mixture 208, now at the same composition as required for exchanger 206, is sent to a heat exchanger 212 for cooling to the required temperature for exchanger 206.
- Liquid mixture 208 is assumed to reach an equilibrium with dissolved and complexed carbon dioxide as it recirculates, meaning the removed carbon dioxide is primarily removed as a solid.
- FIG. 3 another embodiment of the present invention is disclosed, with a process flow diagram 300 shown.
- natural gas 302 containing a vapor 304 to be removed, enters a co-current direct contact exchanger 306.
- a cold liquid mixture 308 enters exchanger 306 flowing co-current to the liquefied natural gas 302/ vapor 304 combination.
- Liquid mixture 308 is chosen to to consist of water and ethanol at an appropriate concentration and temperature, as per Figure 7.
- Liquefied natural gas 302 exits exchanger 306 with all vapor 304 removed.
- liquid mixture 308 and extracted 304 exit exchanger 306 and are conveyed to a solid-liquid separation system 310 where the captured solid carbon dioxide 304 is removed, and liquid mixture 308, now at the same composition as required for exchanger 306, is sent to a heat exchanger 312 for cooling to the required temperature for exchanger 306.
- Liquid mixture 308 is assumed to reach an equilibrium with dissolved and complexed carbon dioxide as it recirculates, meaning the removed carbon dioxide is primarily removed as a solid.
- propane gas 402 containing vapor 404 to be removed, enters a counter-current direct contact exchanger 406.
- a cold liquid mixture 408 enters exchanger 406 flowing counter-current to the propane 402/ vapor 404 combination.
- Liquid mixture 408 is chosen to consist of water and potassium acetate at an appropriate concentration and temperature, as per Figure 6.
- Propane gas 402 exits exchanger 406 with all vapor 404 removed.
- liquid mixture 408 and extracted vapor 404 exit exchanger 406 and are conveyed to a solid-liquid separation system 410 where the captured solid carbon dioxide 404 is removed, and liquid mixture 408, now at the same composition as required for exchanger 406, is sent to a heat exchanger 412 for cooling to the required temperature for exchanger 406.
- Liquid mixture 408 is assumed to reach an equilibrium with dissolved and complexed carbon dioxide as it recirculates, meaning the removed carbon dioxide is primarily removed as a solid.
- nitrogen gas 502 containing vapor 504 to be removed, enters a counter-current direct contact exchanger 506.
- a cold liquid mixture 508 enters exchanger 506 flowing counter-current to the nitrogen gas 502/ vapor 504 combination.
- Liquid mixture 508 is chosen to consist of water and potassium acetate at an appropriate concentration and temperature, as per Figure 7.
- Nitrogen gas 502 exits exchanger 506 with all vapor 504 removed.
- liquid mixture 508 and extracted vapor 504 exit exchanger 506 and are conveyed to a flash separation system 510 where the captured solid carbon dioxide 504 is sublimated and removed, and liquid mixture 508, now at the same composition as required for exchanger 506, is sent to a heat exchanger 512 for cooling to the required temperature for exchanger 506.
- Liquid mixture 508 is assumed to reach an equilibrium with dissolved and complexed carbon dioxide as it recirculates, meaning the removed carbon dioxide is primarily removed as a solid.
- FIG. 6 a phase diagram for various ionic compounds that are acceptable for use as part of liquid mixture 108, 208, or 408 with water is shown. While this list includes very useful ionic compounds in solution with water, this chart should not be interpreted as limiting the selection of compounds useful in the present invention.
- Those of ordinary skill in the art can determine the desired concentration and temperatures for liquid mixtures 108, 208, and 408 based on reference charts and phase diagrams for different combinations of compounds. In the case of the phase diagram in Figure 6, the concentration chosen will determine the temperature that liquid mixture 108, 208, or 408 can reach. Depending on how much vapor is to be removed, different concentrations will be required.
- liquid mixtures 108, 208, or 408 are chosen to have a combination of one or more of the following properties: (i) Liquid mixture 108, 208, or 408 are at a temperature and pressure such that the partial vapor pressure is below the condensation point of vapor 104, 204, or 404, and thus vapor 104, 204, or 404 desublimates. (ii) Liquid mixtures 108, 208, or 408 contain at least one compound that can form complexes with vapor 104, 204, or 404, the system being at such a concentration that any of vapor 104, 204, or 404 passing through will be complexed.
- Liquid mixtures 108, 208, or 408 contain a combination of components wherein at least one component absorbs vapor 108, 208, or 408 and thereby extracts at least a portion of vapor 108, 208, or 408 from carrier gas 102, 202, or 402. iv) A combination of the above.
- FIG. 7 a phase diagram for various inorganic and organic compounds that are acceptable for use as part of liquid mixture 108, 208, 308, 408, and 508 with water is shown.
- This diagram is prior art. While this list includes very useful organic compounds in solution with water, this chart should not be interpreted as limiting the selection of compounds useful in the present invention.
- Those of ordinary skill in the art can determine the desired concentration and temperatures for liquid mixtures 108, 208, 308, 408, and 508 based on reference charts and phase diagrams for different combinations of compounds. In the case of the phase diagram in Figure 7, the concentration chosen will determine the temperature that liquid mixture 108, 208, 308, 408, and 508 can reach. Depending on how much vapor is to be removed, different concentrations will be required.
- liquid mixture 108, 208, 308, 408, and 508 are chosen to have a combination of one or more of the following properties: (i) Liquid mixture 108, 208, 308, 408, and 508 are at a temperature and pressure such that the partial vapor pressure is below the condensation point of vapor 104, 204, 304, 404, or 504, and thus vapor 104, 204, 304, 404, or 504 desublimates.
- Liquid mixtures 108, 208, 308, 408, and 508 contain at least one compound that can form complexes with vapor 104, 204, 304, 404, or 504, the system being at such a concentration that any of vapor 104, 204, 304, 404, or 504 passing through will be complexed.
- Liquid mixtures 108, 208, 308, 408, and 508 contain a combination of components wherein at least one component absorbs vapor 108, 208, 308, 408, and 508 and thereby extracts at least a portion of vapor 108, 208, 308, 408, and 508 from carrier gas 102, 202, 302, 402, or 502.
- a combination of the above
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne un procédé pour l'élimination continue d'une vapeur, qui serait considérée comme une impureté, d'un gaz vecteur. De préférence, la vapeur est soit de la vapeur d'eau soit de la vapeur de dioxyde de carbone. Le présent procédé inclut, en premier lieu, le fait d'amener un contact direct du gaz vecteur avec un mélange liquide dans une chambre de séparation, le gaz vecteur se condensant à une plus basse température que la vapeur. Une combinaison d'effets chimiques amène la vapeur à se condenser, à complexer, ou à la fois à se condenser et à complexer avec le mélange liquide.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201880019280.7A CN110678242B (zh) | 2017-01-19 | 2018-01-18 | 从多种气体中连续除去蒸气的方法和装置 |
EP18741443.8A EP3570950A4 (fr) | 2017-01-19 | 2018-01-18 | Procédé et appareil pour l'élimination continue de vapeurs de gaz |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/410,024 | 2017-01-19 | ||
US15/410,106 | 2017-01-19 | ||
US15/410,024 US10213731B2 (en) | 2017-01-19 | 2017-01-19 | Method and apparatus for continuous removal of carbon dioxide vapors from gases |
US15/410,106 US10307709B2 (en) | 2017-01-19 | 2017-01-19 | Method and apparatus for continuous removal of water vapors from gases |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2018136628A1 true WO2018136628A1 (fr) | 2018-07-26 |
Family
ID=62908962
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2018/014230 WO2018136628A1 (fr) | 2017-01-19 | 2018-01-18 | Procédé et appareil pour l'élimination continue de vapeurs de gaz |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3570950A4 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN110678242B (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2018136628A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10758874B2 (en) | 2016-09-15 | 2020-09-01 | Netzsch-Gerätebau GmbH | Method and device for generating a continuous carrier gas/vapour mixture stream |
EP3865202A1 (fr) | 2020-02-13 | 2021-08-18 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Utilisation d'effluent gazeux contenant du co2 dans la preparation du beton |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113175537B (zh) * | 2021-04-24 | 2022-02-08 | 开维喜阀门集团有限公司 | 一种基于智慧水利工程的闸阀系统及其运行方法 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3759047A (en) * | 1971-11-22 | 1973-09-18 | Univ California | Vapor condensation system and method |
US4342624A (en) * | 1976-04-05 | 1982-08-03 | Eaton Corporation | Vapor compression liquid treating system |
US4480393A (en) * | 1981-06-15 | 1984-11-06 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Vapor recovery method and apparatus |
WO2016090357A1 (fr) * | 2014-12-05 | 2016-06-09 | Carbon Capture Scientific, Llc | Procédé de séparation d'un produit gazeux présent dans un mélange gazeux |
US20180071694A1 (en) * | 2016-09-15 | 2018-03-15 | Netzsch-Gerätebau GmbH | Method And Device For Generating A Continuous Carrier Gas/Vapour Mixture Stream |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4832718A (en) * | 1982-05-03 | 1989-05-23 | Advanced Extraction Technologies, Inc. | Processing nitrogen-rich, hydrogen-rich, and olefin-rich gases with physical solvents |
FR2863910B1 (fr) * | 2003-12-23 | 2006-01-27 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de capture du dioxyde de carbone contenu dans des fumees |
WO2005082493A1 (fr) * | 2004-03-02 | 2005-09-09 | The Chugoku Electric Power Co., Inc. | Procédé et système de traitement des gaz d’échappement, et procédé et appareil de séparation du dioxyde de carbone |
FR2925954B1 (fr) * | 2007-12-27 | 2015-03-13 | Armines Ass Pour La Rech Et Le Dev Des Methodes Et Processus Ind | Systeme de refroidissement d'un melange psychrometrique par couplage d'une unite de condensation et d'une unite d'evaporation |
US7919064B2 (en) * | 2008-02-12 | 2011-04-05 | Michigan Technological University | Capture and sequestration of carbon dioxide in flue gases |
FR2957269B1 (fr) * | 2010-03-15 | 2015-11-13 | Air Liquide | Procede et installation de traitement de fumees riches en co2 |
US8747520B2 (en) * | 2010-05-03 | 2014-06-10 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Carbon dioxide capture from power or process plant gases |
US8764885B2 (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2014-07-01 | Sustainable Energy Solutions, Llc | Systems and methods for separating condensable vapors from gases by direct-contact heat exchange |
AU2011352300B2 (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2017-02-02 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Method for improving total energy demand in a post-combustion carbon capture process with ionic absorbent |
WO2016179115A1 (fr) * | 2015-05-06 | 2016-11-10 | Sustainable Energy Solutions, Llc | Procédés de purification cryogénique, séparation de l'éthane et systèmes associés |
-
2018
- 2018-01-18 CN CN201880019280.7A patent/CN110678242B/zh active Active
- 2018-01-18 WO PCT/US2018/014230 patent/WO2018136628A1/fr unknown
- 2018-01-18 EP EP18741443.8A patent/EP3570950A4/fr active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3759047A (en) * | 1971-11-22 | 1973-09-18 | Univ California | Vapor condensation system and method |
US4342624A (en) * | 1976-04-05 | 1982-08-03 | Eaton Corporation | Vapor compression liquid treating system |
US4480393A (en) * | 1981-06-15 | 1984-11-06 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Vapor recovery method and apparatus |
WO2016090357A1 (fr) * | 2014-12-05 | 2016-06-09 | Carbon Capture Scientific, Llc | Procédé de séparation d'un produit gazeux présent dans un mélange gazeux |
US20180071694A1 (en) * | 2016-09-15 | 2018-03-15 | Netzsch-Gerätebau GmbH | Method And Device For Generating A Continuous Carrier Gas/Vapour Mixture Stream |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP3570950A4 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10758874B2 (en) | 2016-09-15 | 2020-09-01 | Netzsch-Gerätebau GmbH | Method and device for generating a continuous carrier gas/vapour mixture stream |
EP3865202A1 (fr) | 2020-02-13 | 2021-08-18 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Utilisation d'effluent gazeux contenant du co2 dans la preparation du beton |
WO2021160424A1 (fr) | 2020-02-13 | 2021-08-19 | L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Utilisation d'un effluent gazeux contenant du co2 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3570950A4 (fr) | 2021-02-24 |
CN110678242B (zh) | 2023-03-28 |
EP3570950A1 (fr) | 2019-11-27 |
CN110678242A (zh) | 2020-01-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US10213731B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for continuous removal of carbon dioxide vapors from gases | |
RU2534075C1 (ru) | Способ отделения диоксида углерода из отработанного газа с использованием стадий мембранного разделения на основе продувки и абсорбции | |
RU2489197C2 (ru) | Способ разделения газов с применением мембран с продувкой пермеата для удаления co2 из продуктов сжигания | |
Aspelund et al. | Gas conditioning—The interface between CO2 capture and transport | |
US7459134B2 (en) | Method of decarbonating a combustion fume with extraction of the solvent contained in the purified fume | |
Li et al. | Post-combustion CO2 capture using super-hydrophobic, polyether ether ketone, hollow fiber membrane contactors | |
US20110296868A1 (en) | CO2 Recovery Method Using Cryo-Condensation | |
US20080127632A1 (en) | Carbon dioxide capture systems and methods | |
EP1880754A1 (fr) | Système de capture de dioxyde de carbone | |
US20080016868A1 (en) | Integrated capture of fossil fuel gas pollutants including co2 with energy recovery | |
US8715605B2 (en) | Method for burning carbonated fuels with combustion smoke filtration before compression | |
WO2011140117A2 (fr) | Capture du dioxyde de carbone provenant de gaz de centrale électrique ou d'installation de traitement | |
WO2009076575A2 (fr) | Système et procédé de régénération d'une solution absorbante | |
JP2001025627A (ja) | 複合アミンブレンドを使用する二酸化炭素の回収 | |
US20130323148A1 (en) | Integrated co2 phase changing absorbent for co2 separation system | |
WO2012038866A1 (fr) | Système et procédé pour la récupération de dioxyde de carbone | |
CA3059059C (fr) | Amelioration du traitement de gaz residuaire de claus par technologie a membrane selective au dioxyde de soufre | |
CN110678242B (zh) | 从多种气体中连续除去蒸气的方法和装置 | |
CN109310945B (zh) | 用于从由多个燃烧源产生的排放气体中除去二氧化碳的基于吹扫的膜分离方法 | |
JP2015529545A (ja) | 酸素燃焼プロセスから生成される酸性化合物の制御方法 | |
US10307709B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for continuous removal of water vapors from gases | |
Śpiewak et al. | PDU-scale experimental results of CO2 removal with AMP/PZ solvent | |
US20110252828A1 (en) | Carbon Dioxide Recovery Method Using Cryo-Condensation | |
JP2020501884A (ja) | 燃焼プロセス燃焼排ガスからのco2およびso2の分離および同時捕獲 | |
CN101743052B (zh) | 减少燃烧设备废气中的co2排放的装置和方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 18741443 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2018741443 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20190819 |