WO2018130424A1

WO2018130424A1 - Method for producing a plant treatment agent and method for treating plants

Info

Publication number: WO2018130424A1
Application number: PCT/EP2018/000014
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michael Petry; Ralf PUDE; Thorsten Kraska
Original assignee: Michael Petry
Priority date: 2017-01-10
Filing date: 2018-01-10
Publication date: 2018-07-19
Also published as: EP3568014A1; DE102017000110A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a plant treatment agent by means of at least one oil agent, wherein a self-drying and/or oxidatively curing oil agent is mixed with water to form an emulsion, which, in particular, forms the plant treatment agent directly or forms a precursor therefor.

Description

Process for the preparation of a plant treatment agent and method for the treatment of plants

The invention relates to a method for producing a

Plant treatment agent using at least one oil agent. The invention further relates to a method for the treatment of plants with a plant treatment agent.

The use of oils to make a plant treatment agent is well known in the art. In this case, not self-drying and thus liquid and oily oils are used in the prior art.

A well-known representative of such oils is the oil of the neem tree, which has a strong insecticidal activity. In addition to the intended insecticidal action here is a problem to see that the oil may have phytotoxic side effects even at too high a concentration. Another representative of such oils is rapeseed oil, which also retains its oily consistency. A disadvantage of such non-self-drying / oxidatively drying oils is the fact that these types of oils can be removed from the plant by external environmental influences, in particular by rain, in which by the washing effect of

Water, the liquid remaining oil is removed from the plants and so on

Follow-up treatment may be necessary to restore the effect. Another disadvantage is that an oily surface is created, so that dust can stick to the surface. In addition, fungal spores can adhere and lead to an infection of the plant.

CONFIRMATION COPY The object of the invention is to produce a plant treatment agent, as well as to bring this to the application, which does not have the aforementioned disadvantages and is preferably manageable by anyone. Preferably, a plant treatment agent is to be provided which, at least in one

Basic formulation - preferably a physical effect (e.g., barrier effect, mechanical protection effect) achieved, so that makes no primary benefit of special chemically active ingredients of the oil used therein.

Preferably, the method is to produce a plant treatment agent based on the use of an oil agent, which is classified as safe overall from an environmental point of view and with respect to its effect on man, in particular even can serve or even serve as a food for humans.

Moreover, it is also an object of the invention to provide an oil-based plant treatment agent which after application

produces a self-drying film on the plant, which is dry compared to other oils, so that adhesion of foreign particles does not take place.

Furthermore, it is also an object of the invention to provide an oil-based plant treatment agent which has a lasting effect, in particular has a duration of action which is prolonged compared to conventional liquid-containing oils and is also resistant after application

Environmental influences, such as rain so particularly preferably washable.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that a self-drying and / or oxidatively curing oil agent is mixed together with water to form an emulsion, in particular the plant treatment agent directly or a precursor, in particular basic formula for this.

An essential core idea of the invention resides in the use of a self-drying and / or oxidatively hardening oil agent, by which is meant that the selected oil agent dries automatically under normal atmospheric conditions and hardens and forms a dry film / coating on the plant surface. Accordingly, such an oil agent solidifies over time, so that a coating formed from such an oil agent on a plant is more resistant to

Environmental influences, such as rainwater, compared to the previously used oils, which remain sticky and liquid by wetting.

It is provided according to the invention, such a self-drying and / or oxidatively curing oil agent which hardens by crosslinking reaction with atmospheric oxygen with water to form an emulsion, which simplifies the application and beyond the possibility opens up by the chosen water dilution Layer formation, for example, in terms of layer thickness and / or permeability and / or rate of degradation of the oil agent on the plant to be able to control.

It is thereby opened up a method for the treatment of plants, in which a purposefully prepared emulsion of a self-drying and / or oxidatively curing oil agent and water is applied to plants, which can be done, for example, in a preferred embodiment by means of already existing in practice spray technique Hereinafter, the water content in the emulsion evaporates and the oil remaining of the original emulsion on the plant as a film itself dries and / or oxidatively cures and thereby produces an at least physically acting, in particular mechanical protection for the plant.

As named opens up the advantage that by the water content in the emulsion, which evaporates after application to a plant, thus the

Total amount of the oil agent on the plant can be very well controlled and thus compared to the prior art relatively thinner films of the oil agent on the plant will be left. Thus, in particular by the thus controlled oil-average film thickness, the concrete effect on the plant and / or the environmental behavior (eg rate of degradation) can be adjusted specifically. In particular, it is also possible to form such a film with respect to the oil films previously formed in the state of the art, and continue to do so

is thus open to diffusion, and therefore does not adversely affect the metabolism of the plant.

The inventively used self-drying and / or oxidatively curing oil agent is formed according to a preferred embodiment, for example by a

self-drying and / or oxidative hardening oil of a single type of oil. The oil agent in this case is therefore a specific oil.

In a further preferred embodiment, it can also be provided to combine a mixture of at least two oils of different types of oil to the oil agent, of which at least one type of oil is a self-drying and / or oxidatively curing type of oil, all oils of such a mixture in each case a self-drying and / or oxidatively curing type of oil are selected. It can be adjusted by the mixture of different types of oils - especially with accordingly different properties - the desired effect of the oil agent targeted.

In a further preferred embodiment, it may be provided that the oil agent of at least one self-drying and / or oxidatively curing oil of at least one type of oil to form, in particular thus, for example. as a mixture according to the previous embodiment, wherein still a resin is dissolved, in particular rosin. In particular, a resin is generally understood to mean a viscous, non-water-soluble liquid, in particular of natural origin,

in particular from a plant, preferably from a tree.

In particular, resins, preferably the said resin, can have a very positive influence on the property of self-drying or oxidative hardening of the oil agent, in particular in terms of a shortening of the drying time over an oil agent without such a resin additive.

Furthermore, in particular by the use of tung oil as a component in the oil agent there is the possibility of its additional property of absorbing UV light, The natural sunlight exposure to the plant also targeted to make more usable for the purpose of plant treatment, especially in comparison to an oil agent without Tungöl addition.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, it is provided for the formation of the oil agent, a respective self-drying and / or oxidatively curing oil to choose from an oil that already inherently has a self-drying and / or oxidatively curing property. In particular, it may be an oil with more than 50% proportion of unsaturated fatty acids. Such types of oils are preferred insofar as they need not be subjected to further treatment and can be used directly as a natural product in the oil agent of the plant treatment agent according to the invention.

However, the invention can also provide for the formation of the oil agent to choose at least one self-drying and / or oxidatively curing oil, which is first made of an oil grade without naturally self-drying and / or oxidatively curing property. For example, it is also possible to use oils with less than 50% of unsaturated fatty acids, which typically have no self-drying or oxidatively curing properties at such a fatty acid content.

The preparation of a self-drying and / or oxidatively hardening oil from such a naturally non-drying or non-hardening oil can be caused by a chemical transformation of the oil, for example by transesterification, a conversion of the naturally non-drying or non-hardening oil into a self-drying oil respectively.

Thus, for the plant treatment agent according to the invention it is thus also possible to use oils whose natural property precludes the use of such an oil when initially considered superficially. Thus, for example, it is also possible to resort to particularly favorable and readily available oils for the process according to the invention. For example, as a whole, the oil agent can be formed from at least one oil selected from the list of the following types of oil:

Pomegranate seed oil, elderflower seed oil, currant seed oil, linseed oil, poppy seed oil, evening primrose oil, oiticica oil (obtained from the seeds of Licania spec),

Cranberry oil, rapeseed oil, sacha inchi oil (obtained from Inca peanut Inca inchi), soya oil, sunflower oil, tung oil, wild rose oil

Here, it is provided according to the invention, as mentioned above, those types of oil among the aforementioned varieties, which are not already self-drying or oxidatively curing by a chemical pretreatment to convert this property, such as. Sunflower oil.

The invention proposes to process the oil agent formed from one or more oils, optionally with further use of at least one resin, together with water to form an emulsion.

For example, it may be provided here, the oil agent and the water by means of an emulsifier, a mechanical stirring with at least 30,000

Revolutions per minute or even with ultrasound.

As emulsifiers, for example, common chemical products can be used. Preference is given to using types such as decanol ethoxylates or fatty alcohol ethoxylates. The naming of these concrete products is merely exemplary and of course other suitable emulsifiers can be used.

The invention may advantageously provide that prior to mixing, the oil agent and the water are each heated separately to a temperature of about 40 degrees Celsius, preferably of about 55 degrees, but in particular less than 65 degrees Celsius. It may then be provided thereafter stir the water in the oil agent, in particular then to disperse to achieve an emulsion. Overall, the emulsion according to the invention can thus be formed which, as mentioned at the beginning, forms the plant treatment agent directly or as a precursor to it, such as the already mentioned basic recipe from the oil agent and water.

In the emulsification, in particular for the preparation of a

Basic recipe emulsifies the oil agent and the water in equal parts.

Before emulsifying we heat the oil agent and the water respectively, preferably heated to the same temperature. If an emulsifier is used for emulsification, this is added to the oil agent. After reaching the processing temperature, the water is stirred into the oil agent.

The invention may also provide in a further step, in a step upstream of the emulsification, the oil agent as a whole, which is therefore not yet mixed with water at this time or at least pre-polymerize by heating at least one of its oil components.

By the thus obtained under the influence of heat Vorvernetzung of the oil composition in total or at least one of its components is achieved that the total oil agent after such a complete or partial heat treatment has a lower self-drying time compared to an oil agent the total or not was prepolymerized in one of its components. Thus, in particular by the degree of prepolymerization, in particular controlled by the temperature and the duration of time, the temporal drying or oxidation behavior of the oil agent can be specifically influenced.

For example, it may be provided that the oil agent is prepolymerized in such a way that a self-drying time and / or oxidation time of less than 24 hours is achieved, preferably less than 12 hours. A particularly preferred oxidation time or self-drying time is 20 minutes to max. 2 hours.

This means that after this time, the oil-middle film is no longer greasy, so dry / cured. As a result, it is advantageously achieved that the Application of the plant treatment agent according to the invention to plants in particular large agricultural use using a usually reliable for the next 24 hours weather forecast can be done so that for example a rain-free time can be selected and a sufficiently fast drying is achieved to wash off the treatment agent even after 24 hours or after 12 hours in the preferred embodiment, or even in the most preferred embodiment after 2 hours of rainfall.

Such a prepolymerized oil agent can thus be used more selectively and in particular more durable than conventional plant treatment agents of the prior art.

A possibility of the invention can provide that the heating of the oil agent as a whole or at least one of its constituents under the action of a

Oxygen atmosphere is carried out in particular while achieving an acid number less than 10.

On the other hand, a further preferred embodiment variant provides that the heating of the oil agent as a whole or at least of at least one of its constituents takes place with exclusion of oxygen and particularly preferably under the action of an inert protective gas atmosphere.

In this way it can be prevented that an oxygen-based oxidation takes place during the heating, so that according to the invention a prepolymerization without incorporation of oxygen can be achieved with this process variant.

In this way, the invention provides the advantage that an oil agent which is pretreated in such a way or in at least one of its constituents can be more easily mixed with water in the later emulsification step. In addition, it is achieved, especially in the heating under oxygen exclusion, that the oil-medium thickening stronger than when heated by the action of oxygen. According to the invention, it is particularly advantageous if heating of the oil composition as a whole or of at least one of its constituents in one

Temperature range of 230 to 400 degrees Celsius, especially if this is done under exclusion of an oxygen atmosphere. Thus, the desired prepolymerization can be achieved in comparatively short times. The invention may further provide that upon heating, at least one resin is added to the oil agent or to the at least one component of the oil agent, such as

for example rosin. Rosin can support the resin or film formation at thicker layer thickness (herbicidal effect)

Such a pretreated oil agent can then as already mentioned

has been described for the emulsion according to the invention are processed, the plant treatment agent directly or in a further preferred

Embodiment forms only a precursor of this.

Thus, it can namely provide the invention in a preferred embodiment that such a manufactured, in particular a basic recipe forming

Plant treatment product is further diluted with water before a concrete application in plants. Such a further dilution can in this case take place in particular in the cooled state of the emulsion described in the introduction,

in particular, therefore, if this has reached the usual geographical ambient temperature, which is, for example, depending on climatic conditions in the range of 15 to 30 degrees Celsius.

By further dilution of the emulsion with water, in particular the type of effect to be exerted on the plant can be adjusted, as in the

According to the invention diluted emulsion, the effect of essentially

Total proportion of water depends on the emulsion.

For example, to achieve a desired layer or film thickness of the oil agent on a plant or for the timing of the

Drying time a smaller amount of the oil agent in the for treatment

provided emulsion, so that through this

Process variant also a potential savings in terms of the respective amounts Oil means opens up, provided that the necessary ratio for treatment between oil and water not already directly in the first emulsion produced

taken into consideration.

Since, for example, the effect exerted by the plant treatment agent prepared according to the invention can depend on the plant to be treated, the invention can accordingly provide, with knowledge of the plant to be treated, a specifically required after-dilution of the previously prepared emulsion

to achieve the desired effect or to exclude unwanted side effects.

For example, it may be provided by the total amount of water, a herbicidal action, a plant-strengthening effect, an action against abiotic damage causes, such as drought, to achieve a fungicidal or insecticidal effect.

The invention may, for example, also provide that the emulsion, which has not yet been further thinned with water, is thus the product which, after the first addition of water from the oil agent, has been processed into an emulsion, ie in particular

Basic recipe, in terms of its water content is set so that this

Emulsion for a plant to be treated has a herbicidal action.

The herbicidal action, in which thus the treating plant itself dies or parts of the plant die off, therefore represents the maximum effect on plants that can be achieved with this starting emulsion, which may be due to the fact that the dried leaves remaining after evaporation of the water

Film layer is so dense that the metabolism of the plant is disturbed and / or optionally the UV light absorption is excessive so that the plant dies under the formed and dried film layer.

Based on this maximum effect, which can be achieved with the original emulsion or the basic recipe, the invention can thus provide by diluting this so adjusted emulsion with more water to to control and adjust the effect, such as one of the other effects mentioned above.

The invention can provide here that from the list of plant-strengthening

Effect, action against abiotic harmful causes such as dryness, fungicidal action and insecticidal action alternatively each individual action

can be adjusted. Thus, the starting emulsion according to the invention forms the ideal starting agent, which covers any usual spectrum of activity required in a single product and the different effects are achieved by further addition of a certain amount of water.

In the preparation of the plant treatment agent according to the invention, it can also be provided that an active ingredient which is immiscible or soluble in water is added to the oil agent before the emulsification. The active ingredient itself can be a substance, a substance mixture, a

be biological agent and / or a biological reagent mixture. As biological agents effective microorganisms such as bacteria, yeasts or fungi can be used. Thus, in addition to the pure, in particular physical, effects of the treatment agent according to the invention, biological, chemical and / or further / other physical effects may possibly also be included in the plant treatment agent.

The invention may additionally or alternatively also provide that before

Emulgierung the water is added to an active ingredient, which in turn is not miscible or soluble in the oil agent.

Such a procedure has the advantage that the respective addition of the further active ingredient takes place in one of the two phases forming the later emulsion and thus achieves that the additional active ingredient occurs uniformly in the emulsion.

The invention may additionally or alternatively provide that prior to further dilution of the emulsion with water for further dilution

an active ingredient is added to the water used, in particular the oil-in the Emulsion is immiscible or soluble or in the water of the

Emulsion not complete, e.g. lack of sufficient amount of water is miscible or soluble.

For example, active ingredients added to the oil agent may be other oils which, for example, are themselves non-drying or non-oxidizing, but carry a chemical component that exhibits a desired effect, such as neem tree oil or essential oils. This naming of possible active ingredients is merely exemplary and it is of course possible to use other suitable active ingredients which are used in the oil phase of the

Treatment agent are soluble.

For example, an active ingredient to which water may be added may not include only a copper compound or a sulfur compound, e.g. be with known fungicidal activity. Further, for example, active ingredients may be added to result in a new formulation with altered properties. This naming of possible drugs is merely exemplary and, of course, other suitable drugs that are soluble in the aqueous phase of the treatment agent may be used

It thus opens up a total of the invention, a plant treatment agent, which in its basis predominantly a physical and / or chemical

Exerts an effect on the treated plant, wherein the emulsification of a significant influence on the layer thickness can be controlled on the treated plant. The predominantly physical and / or chemical action can be supplemented as described by additional components.

It can be seen that such an inventive

At least in its basic recipe, it is easy for anyone to handle a plant treatment product, and the remedy is no or at most a few

Has side effects, especially when the oils used all form a potential human food. For example, a plant treatment agent against abiotic damage causes, eg

To provide dryness, it may be provided to adjust the emulsion in terms of water content, that with the remaining after evaporation of the water oil-middle film, the evaporation of water from the leaves of the plant is inhibited, but no or at least no significant influence is taken on the gas exchange across the leaf surface and stomata. Thus, the oil-middle layer thickness can be chosen after the evaporation of water so that the diffusion of this layer for water / water vapor is smaller than for

Oxygen and / or carbon dioxide. For example, the oil middle layer can be formed so that it comprises individual oil-medium drops, between which the sheet surface is partially exposed. In particular, such an oil middle layer can thus also be described as non-percolated. However, the respective leaf can breathe over the remaining free areas between hardened oil-medium drops, but the entire free surface is reduced by the cover, which limits the water vapor release. In periods of drought, plants can thus be protected from dehydration, in particular without or with a reduced need for additional watering.

The plant treatment agent can be added, for example, in addition substances that enhance the effect, mitigate, modulate or limit the time. The plant treatment agent may, for example, in addition be admixed with substances which themselves provide an action against abiotic harmful causes (eg against harmful UV radiation). The oil middle class then assumes a mediating function (formulation). For example, the

Duration of action of the added substances are mediated by an increased rainfastness of the oil middle layer.

For example, a plant treatment agent against animal pests, e.g.

Provision of aphids, spider mites, thrips, whiteflies and others, it may be provided to adjust the emulsion in terms of water content so that the oil-middle film envelops the pests, thus preventing the respiration of the pests. Or the oil middle layer on the plant surface impedes or impedes the orientation of the pests on the plant surface. In particular, such a successful settlement can be avoided. Or the oil middle layer on the plant surface alters the spectrum or amount of volatile matter released by the plants so that host detection by the pathogens does not occur. Or the oil middle layer are added to insecticidal substances, which by the oil middle layer as a formulation on the

Plant surface remain localized and can be effectively protected by the film formation from external influences such as rain or UV radiation.

For example, To provide a plant treatment agent against fungal pathogens (pathogens), it may be provided that the emulsion in terms of

Adjust water content so that the surface structures required for successful host identification of the fungi on the plant are masked or altered by the oil middle layer. In particular, such an infection can be prevented. In addition, the oil middle layer could reduce infection and fungal growth on the plant surface because the oil middle layer is not a suitable medium and primary processes of colonization such as spore germination,

Sprouting or development of infection structures do not take place or restricted.

In addition, the oil middle layer is an additional mechanical barrier, which can hinder the infection but also the outgrowth of fungi out of the plant and thus delays the epidemiology (colonization and spread of the fungi in the plant and in the plant population).

Or the oil middle layer are admixed with fungistatic or fungicidal substances, which remain localized by the oil middle layer as a formulation on the plant surface and can be effectively protected by the film formation from external influences such as rain or UV radiation.

For example, to provide a herbicidal herbicidal herbicidal agent, it may be desirable to adjust the emulsion in terms of water content so that water and / or gas exchange through the film formation can be achieved Plant surface is so severely impaired that retards or prevents plant growth. A treatment then takes place in the pre-emergence of the actual crop, so that it can not be affected by the treatment.

Or the oil middle layer is used for targeted Abreife the crops.

Claims

claims

A method of producing a plant treatment agent using

at least one oil agent, characterized in that a self-drying and / or oxidatively hardening oil agent is mixed together with water to form an emulsion, in particular forms the plant treatment agent directly or a precursor thereof.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the oil agent is formed by at least one of the following components: a. a self-drying and / or oxidatively hardening oil of one type of oil b. a mixture of at least two oils of different types of oil, of which at least one type of oil is a self-drying and / or oxidatively curing type of oil, preferably all oils of the mixture in each case from one

self-drying and / or oxidatively hardening oil grade, c. at least one self-drying and / or oxidatively curing oil of at least one kind of oil, in which a resin is dissolved, in particular rosin or tung oil

3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a respective self-drying and / or oxidatively curing oil is selected from an oil with naturally occurring self-drying and / or oxidatively curing property, in particular from an oil with more than 50%

unsaturated fatty acids or is selected from an oil grade without naturally self-drying and / or oxidatively curing property, in particular with less than 50% unsaturated fatty acids, which is chemically converted, in particular transesterified to obtain a self-drying and / or oxidatively curing property.

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oil agent is formed from at least one oil which is selected from at least one of the following varieties: linseed oil, poppy oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, tung oil.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mixing into an emulsion using an emulsifier, a

mechanical agitation with at least 30,000 rpm or ultrasound.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that prior to mixing the oil agent and the water each separated on a

Temperature greater than 40 degrees Celsius, especially greater than 55 degrees Celsius, in particular heated to a maximum of 65 degrees Celsius, in particular hereafter the water is stirred into the oil agent and dispersed to achieve an emulsion.

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in an emulsification upstream step, the oil agent or at least one of its constituents is prepolymerized by heating, in particular prepolymerized such that the oil agent is a self-drying time and / or

Oxidation time less than 24 hours, preferably less than 12 hours.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the heating takes place under an oxygen atmosphere, in particular while achieving an acid number less than 10.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the heating takes place with the exclusion of oxygen, in particular under an inert protective gas atmosphere.

10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 6 to 8, characterized in that heating takes place in a temperature range of 230 to 400 degrees Celsius, in particular with the addition of at least one resin, in particular rosin or tung oil.

11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 5 to 8, characterized in that a heating takes place over a period of at least 0.5 hours, in particular up to 3 hours.

12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a prepared according to one of the preceding claims plant treatment agent before use in plants, especially in a cooled state, is further diluted with water, in particular the nature of the plant

effect to be exerted, in particular depending on the plant to be treated, is adjusted by the total amount of water.

13. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the following effects is set by the total amount of water: a herbicidal action, a plant-strengthening effect, an action against abiotic damage causes, especially dryness, a fungicidal effect, an insecticidal effect.

14. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the not further water-diluted emulsion in terms of water content is adjusted so that it has a herbicidal action for a plant to be treated and by dilution with further water at least one of the following effects is adjustable In particular, alternatively, any of the following effects is adjustable: a plant-strengthening effect, an action against abiotic harmful causes, in particular dryness, a fungicidal action, an insecticidal action.

15. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a. prior to emulsification, an agent is added to the oil agent that is immiscible / soluble in water and / or

b. before the emulsification, an active substance is added to the water which is immiscible / soluble in the oil medium and / or

c. before further dilution of the emulsion with water to the

Further dilution of water used, an active ingredient is added, in particular the oil-in the emulsion of the emulsion is not miscible / soluble or not completely miscible / soluble in the water of the emulsion.

16. A method of treating plants with a plant treatment agent

comprising an emulsion of water and at least one self-drying and / or oxidatively hardening oil agent, preferably that produced according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the

Plant treatment agent, in particular by spraying technique, is applied to plants and thereafter the water content in the emulsion evaporates and the remaining oil agent of the original emulsion on the plant as a film itself dries and / or oxidatively cures, in particular hereafter an at least physically acting / mechanical protection of Plant is produced.