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WO2018126711A1 - 防窥组件及其制造方法、控制防窥组件的方法、以及显示装置 - Google Patents

防窥组件及其制造方法、控制防窥组件的方法、以及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018126711A1
WO2018126711A1 PCT/CN2017/099260 CN2017099260W WO2018126711A1 WO 2018126711 A1 WO2018126711 A1 WO 2018126711A1 CN 2017099260 W CN2017099260 W CN 2017099260W WO 2018126711 A1 WO2018126711 A1 WO 2018126711A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
electrodes
liquid crystal
substrate
transmissive
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/099260
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
尤杨
杨瑞智
王飞
王延峰
徐晓玲
王瑞勇
吕振华
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方显示技术有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方显示技术有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US16/061,329 priority Critical patent/US10802307B2/en
Publication of WO2018126711A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018126711A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134336—Matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0421—Structural details of the set of electrodes
    • G09G2300/0426—Layout of electrodes and connections
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/028—Improving the quality of display appearance by changing the viewing angle properties, e.g. widening the viewing angle, adapting the viewing angle to the view direction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/068—Adjustment of display parameters for control of viewing angle adjustment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2358/00—Arrangements for display data security

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a peep prevention component and a method of fabricating the same, a method of controlling a peep prevention component, and a display device.
  • the user may arrange the anti-spyware component on the display device.
  • the anti-peeping component in the prior art is generally a peeping film, and the peeping film can be attached to the light emitting surface of the display device to achieve anti-peeping.
  • the anti-peep film generally comprises: a substrate and a peep prevention layer disposed on the substrate, the anti-peep layer comprising a plurality of strip-shaped transmissive units parallel in the longitudinal direction and a plurality of strip-shaped absorption units parallel in the longitudinal direction, each of the two strips A strip-shaped transmissive unit is disposed between the absorption units, and the longitudinal direction of any one of the strip-shaped absorption units is parallel to the longitudinal direction of any of the strip-shaped transmissive units.
  • the anti-spy film After the anti-spy film is attached to the light-emitting surface of the display device, the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the display device enters the anti-seepage layer of the anti-spy film, wherein the light incident on the absorption unit is absorbed by the absorption unit and cannot be prevented.
  • the speculum film When the speculum film is emitted, the light incident on the transmissive unit passes through the transmissive unit and is emitted from the peeping film, so that the information displayed by the display device can be viewed from the positive viewing angle, and the information displayed by the display device cannot be viewed from the side viewing angle, thereby realizing Anti-peep.
  • the positive viewing angle refers to the viewing angle when the display device is viewed from the front side of the display device
  • the side viewing angle refers to the viewing angle when the display device is viewed from the side front side of the display device.
  • a privacy aid assembly comprising:
  • a first electrode is disposed on a side of the first substrate adjacent to the liquid crystal layer, and a plurality of second electrodes arranged in an array are disposed on a side of the second substrate adjacent to the liquid crystal layer;
  • liquid crystal between the first electrode and the any of the second electrodes scatters light
  • liquid crystal between the first electrode and the any of the second electrodes transmits light
  • a plurality of transmissive electrodes arranged in an array are disposed on a side of the second substrate adjacent to the liquid crystal layer, and the plurality of transmissive electrodes are staggered with the plurality of second electrodes.
  • a spacer region exists between every two adjacent second electrodes of the plurality of second electrodes.
  • the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer is a polymer liquid crystal.
  • the liquid crystal between the first electrode and each of the plurality of second electrodes is a polymer liquid crystal, and each of the first electrode and the plurality of transmissive electrodes
  • the liquid crystal between the transmissive electrodes is a nematic liquid crystal, or there is no liquid crystal between the first electrode and each of the plurality of transmissive electrodes.
  • the liquid crystal between the first electrode and each of the plurality of second electrodes is a polymer liquid crystal, and the liquid crystal between the first electrode and each of the spacer regions It is a nematic liquid crystal, or there is no liquid crystal between the first electrode and each of the spacer regions.
  • the first electrode is any one of a plate electrode, a strip electrode and a block electrode
  • the second electrode is a strip electrode or a block electrode.
  • the shape of the transmissive electrode is the same as the shape of the second electrode.
  • a method of manufacturing a privacy device includes:
  • liquid crystal between the first electrode and the any second electrode scatters light
  • liquid crystal between the first electrode and the any of the second electrodes transmits light
  • the method further includes: forming a plurality of second electrodes arranged in an array on the second substrate, forming an array on the second substrate on which the plurality of second electrodes are formed
  • the plurality of transmissive electrodes are arranged such that the plurality of transmissive electrodes are staggered with the plurality of second electrodes.
  • the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer is a polymer liquid crystal.
  • the liquid crystal between the first electrode and each of the plurality of second electrodes is a polymer liquid crystal, and each of the first electrode and the plurality of transmissive electrodes
  • the liquid crystal between the transmissive electrodes is a nematic liquid crystal, or there is no liquid crystal between the first electrode and each of the plurality of transmissive electrodes.
  • the method further includes: arranging a spacer region between each two adjacent second electrodes of the plurality of second electrodes, wherein the first electrode and the plurality of second electrodes
  • the liquid crystal between each of the second electrodes is a polymer liquid crystal
  • the liquid crystal between the first electrode and each of the spacer regions is a nematic liquid crystal, or the first electrode and each of the spacer regions There is no liquid crystal between them.
  • arranging the liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate includes:
  • a liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate by a microcavity infusion process.
  • a method for controlling a privacy aid assembly comprising:
  • a plurality of transmissive electrodes arranged in an array are disposed on a side of the second substrate adjacent to the liquid crystal layer, and the plurality of transmissive electrodes are staggered with the plurality of second electrodes
  • the method further includes:
  • Different voltages are applied to the first electrode and the plurality of transmissive electrodes of the anti-spyware assembly such that liquid crystal between the first electrode and each of the plurality of transmissive electrodes transmits light.
  • the liquid crystal between each of the plurality of second electrodes scatters light including:
  • Applying different voltages to the plurality of transmissive electrodes of the first electrode and the anti-spy component, such that liquid crystal between the first electrode and each of the plurality of transmissive electrodes transmits light include:
  • applying different voltages to the first electrode of the anti-spyware component and the plurality of second electrodes of the anti-spy component, such that The liquid crystal between the first electrode and each of the plurality of second electrodes transmits light including:
  • Applying different voltages to the plurality of transmissive electrodes of the first electrode and the anti-spy component, such that liquid crystal between the first electrode and each of the plurality of transmissive electrodes transmits light include:
  • the voltage difference is a preset pressure difference, and the liquid crystal between the first electrode and each of the transmissive electrodes is deflected by the predetermined pressure difference to transmit the light.
  • a display device comprising: a display panel, and any of the anti-spyware assemblies described above.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a peep prevention component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another anti-peeping component provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of still another anti-peeping component provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of still another anti-peep component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of still another anti-peep component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of still another anti-peep component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 7 is a state diagram of the anti-spy assembly shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 8 is another state diagram of the anti-peep assembly shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the anti-spy assembly shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 10 is a view of a screen viewed from a front view of a display device in which a privacy-preventing assembly is disposed;
  • Figure 11 is a view of a screen viewed from a side perspective of a display device in which a privacy-preventing assembly is disposed;
  • FIG. 12 is a plan view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 13 is another working principle diagram of the anti-peep assembly shown in Figure 4.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a method of manufacturing an anti-peep assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 15-1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing another anti-peep component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 15-2 is a schematic structural view of a first substrate on which a first electrode is formed according to the method provided in FIG. 15-1;
  • 15-3 is a schematic structural view of a second substrate on which a plurality of second electrodes arranged in an array are formed according to the method provided in FIG. 15-1;
  • FIG. 15-4 is a schematic structural view of a second substrate formed with a second electrode on which a plurality of transmissive electrodes arranged in an array are formed according to the method provided in FIG. 15-1;
  • 16 is a flowchart of a method for controlling an anti-peep component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 17 is a flowchart of another method for controlling an anti-spy component provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the viewing angle is a key indicator of the display device, and the requirements of the viewing angle of the display device are different for different applications. For example, when the user is in an open environment with confidentiality requirements, the display device is required to have a narrow viewing angle so that the information displayed by the display device can be viewed from the front view, and the information displayed by the display device cannot be viewed from the side view. In order to protect personal privacy, it is safe to see. When the user is in a private place with sharing requirements, the display device is required to have a wide viewing angle so that the information displayed by the display device can be viewed from various viewing angles for information sharing purposes.
  • Open-ended occasions with confidentiality requirements include, for example, inputting a withdrawal password, taking public transportation to view private information, or conducting business negotiations; and a private occasion having a sharing requirement, such as viewing information displayed by a display device with others.
  • the anti-spyware assembly provided by the present disclosure makes the display device both by switching the viewing angle of the display device It can be applied to open applications with confidentiality requirements, and can also be applied to private occasions with sharing requirements, so that the anti-spyware component can meet different applications.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic structural diagram of an anti-peep assembly 00 provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.
  • the privacy device 00 can be disposed on a display device (not shown in FIG. 1) to provide privacy information to the information displayed by the display device.
  • the anti-spyware component 00 includes:
  • the first substrate 001 and the second substrate 002 are disposed opposite to each other, and the liquid crystal layer 003 is located between the first substrate 001 and the second substrate 002, and the first electrode 004 is disposed on a side of the first substrate 001 near the liquid crystal layer 003.
  • a second substrate 002 is disposed adjacent to the liquid crystal layer 003 side of the plurality of second electrodes 005 arranged in an array;
  • the liquid crystal between the first electrode 004 and any of the second electrodes 005 scatters light;
  • the first electrode 004 and any of the second electrodes 005 apply different voltages, and the liquid crystal between the first electrode 004 and any of the second electrodes 005 transmits light.
  • the anti-spyware assembly provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, light can be scattered or transmitted by applying a voltage, wherein the light can be scattered when the light is scattered, and information can be shared when the light is transmitted, thereby making the anti-peep component Meet different applications.
  • the first electrode 004 may be a Common (Chinese: common) electrode
  • the first electrode 004 may be any one of a plate electrode, a strip electrode and a bulk electrode
  • the second electrode 005 may be a strip electrode Or a block electrode.
  • a spacer region (not shown in FIG. 1) exists between every two adjacent second electrodes 005 of the plurality of second electrodes 005.
  • a side of the second substrate 002 adjacent to the liquid crystal layer 003 is further disposed with a plurality of transmissive electrodes 006 arranged in an array, a plurality of transmissive electrodes 006 and a plurality of second electrodes 005.
  • the shape of the transmissive electrode 006 is the same as that of the second electrode 005, that is, the transmissive electrode 006 is a strip electrode or a bulk electrode.
  • the staggered arrangement means that the second electrode 005 and the transmissive electrode 006 are spaced apart, and the length direction of each second electrode 005 and each transmissive electrode The length direction of 006 is parallel; under the condition that both the second electrode 005 and the transmissive electrode 006 are block electrodes, the staggered arrangement means that the second substrate 002 includes a plurality of electrodes arranged in a matrix, the plurality of electrodes Forming a plurality of second electrode rows and a plurality of transmissive electrode rows, each second electrical The plurality of second electrodes 005 are included in the row, each of the transmissive electrode rows includes a plurality of transmissive electrodes 006, and the second electrode rows and the transmissive electrode rows are spaced apart; or the second substrate 002 includes a plurality of matrix arrangements Electrodes, the plurality of electrodes forming a plurality of second electrode columns and a
  • the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 003 is a polymer liquid crystal.
  • the liquid crystal between the first electrode 004 and any of the transmissive electrodes 006 is used to transmit light.
  • all of the liquid crystals in the liquid crystal layer 003 are polymer liquid crystals.
  • the liquid crystal between the first electrode 004 and each of the plurality of second electrodes 005 is a polymer liquid crystal 0031, and the first electrode 004 and each of the spacer regions (FIG.
  • the liquid crystal between 2 is not shown as nematic liquid crystal 0032, or, as shown in FIG. 3, the liquid crystal between the first electrode 004 and each of the plurality of second electrodes 005 is polymerized.
  • the liquid crystal 0031 has no liquid crystal between the first electrode and each of the spacer regions.
  • the spacer region refers to a region between two adjacent second electrodes 005.
  • the liquid crystal between the first electrode 004 and each of the plurality of second electrodes 005 is a polymer liquid crystal 0031
  • the first electrode and the plurality of transmissive electrodes 006 The liquid crystal between each of the transmissive electrodes 006 is a nematic liquid crystal 0032, or, as shown in FIG. 6, the liquid crystal between the first electrode 004 and each of the plurality of second electrodes 005 is a polymer.
  • the liquid crystal 0031 there is no liquid crystal between the first electrode 004 and each of the plurality of transmissive electrodes 006.
  • the polymer liquid crystal is formed by mixing the nematic liquid crystal with the polymer matrix and by photopolymerization, thermal initiation or solvent evaporation treatment, and the smallest particles of the polymer liquid crystal are polymer liquid crystal particles. From the viewing point of the human eye, the polymer liquid crystal usually has two states of a fog state and a transparent state driven by an electric field. Hereinafter, the process of converting the state of the polymer liquid crystal under the electric field will be described by taking the anti-spying component 00 shown in FIG. 4 as an example.
  • the polymer liquid crystal particles 00311 in the liquid crystal layer 003 are arranged in a disorderly manner, the directors of the respective polymer liquid crystal particles 03011 (the long-axis direction of the polymer liquid crystal particles) are different, and the directors of the respective polymer liquid crystal particles 03311 are randomly arranged.
  • the liquid crystal droplets do not match the refractive index of the polymer, and therefore the light incident on the liquid crystal layer 003 from the first substrate 001 is scattered by the polymer liquid crystal particles 03011 and cannot be emitted from the second substrate 002, resulting in The polymer liquid crystal is in a fog state.
  • the voltage difference between the first electrode 004 and the second electrode 005 and the first electrode 004 is a preset pressure difference.
  • the arrangement of the polymer liquid crystal particles in the liquid crystal layer 003 can be as shown in FIG.
  • the polymer liquid crystal particles 03011 in the liquid crystal layer 003 are arranged in an orderly manner, and the directors of the respective polymer liquid crystal particles 03011 are parallel to the direction of the electric field.
  • the refractive index of the liquid crystal droplets is different from that of the polymer.
  • the refractive indices are approximately equal.
  • the refractive indices of the two are matched, the light incident from the first substrate 001 into the liquid crystal layer 003 passes through the liquid crystal layer 003 and is emitted from the second substrate 002, resulting in the polymer liquid crystal being in a transparent state.
  • a transparent state picture (that is, information that can be seen by the display device) can be seen from the front view of the display device, and from the display device The side view shows a foggy picture (that is, the information displayed by the display device cannot be seen), and at this time, the viewing angle of the display device is narrow.
  • the anti-spyware component 00 is in the non-anti-peep mode, the transparent view is seen from various perspectives. At this time, the display device has a wide viewing angle and can realize wide-angle display.
  • FIG. 4 is an example for explanation.
  • the same voltage as the first electrode 004 is applied to each of the second electrodes 005, and a voltage different from the first electrode 004 is applied to each of the transmissive electrodes 006 or not transmitted to all Electrode 006 applies a voltage.
  • the voltage difference between the first electrode 004 and each of the second electrodes 005 is 0, and the first electrode 004 and each of the first electrodes
  • the voltage difference between the emitter electrodes 006 may be a preset pressure difference, and the magnitude of the preset pressure difference is equal to a preset threshold.
  • the anti-peep component 00 can be as shown in FIG. Referring to FIG.
  • the light can be transmitted from the liquid crystal layer 003 regardless of the incident angle of the light incident between the first electrode 004 and the transmissive electrode 006, that is, from between the first electrode 004 and the transmissive electrode 006.
  • the light emitted from the liquid crystal layer is independent of the incident angle at which the light enters the liquid crystal layer 003. It should be noted that when the anti-peeping component 00 is disposed on the display device and the anti-peeping component 00 is in the state shown in FIG. 9, a partial area on the display device has an outgoing light, and a partial area does not emit light.
  • the area with the outgoing light and the area without the outgoing light are spaced apart, and the area of the single area is very small and cannot be perceived by the human eye.
  • the region where no light is emitted is trapped in the region having the outgoing light, when the display device is viewed from the frontal view, the emitted light can be incident on the human eye, and the human eye observes a clear picture as shown in FIG. The transparent state screen), at this time, the viewing angle of the display device is wider; and when the display device is viewed from the side view, the emitted light cannot be incident on the human eye due to the blocking of the polymer liquid crystal between the first electrode 004 and the second electrode 005 Therefore, the human eye observes the fog state picture as shown in FIG.
  • the viewing angle of the display device is narrow. Since the transparent state picture is seen when the display device is viewed from the front view, and the fog state picture is seen when the display device is viewed from the side view, the anti-spy function can be realized.
  • the foggy screen as shown in FIG. 11 is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the disclosure. As an example, please refer to FIG.
  • FIG. 12 which shows a top view of a display device having a plurality of sub-pixels R, a plurality of sub-pixels G, a plurality of sub-pixels B and a black matrix M, wherein each sub-pixel R and each sub-pixel The pixel G, each sub-pixel B, and the black matrix M occupy a very small area of the display device, which is invisible to the human eye.
  • an area of the display device having an area where the light is emitted may be smaller than The area of any sub-pixel, the area of the area where no light is emitted may also be smaller than the area of any sub-pixel (for example, the area of the area having the outgoing light and the area of the area without the outgoing light are smaller than the area of the sub-pixel R). Therefore, the area having the area where the light is emitted and the area where the light is not emitted are extremely small, and when the information of the display device is viewed from the front view, the area where the light is not emitted does not affect the picture observed by the human eye.
  • the area having the outgoing light may be the area where the transmitting electrode 006 is located, and the area where the light is not emitted may be the area where the second electrode 005 is located.
  • the area of the region where no light is emitted that is, the second electrode 005
  • the area having the outgoing light that is, the transmissive electrode 006
  • the transmissive electrode 006 is smaller than the area of any sub-pixel.
  • the area of the second electrode 005 may be greater than or equal to the area occupied by any sub-pixel, and the area of the transmissive electrode 006 may also be greater than or equal to the area of any sub-pixel, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a voltage different from the first electrode 004 is applied to each of the second electrodes 005, and the same voltage as the first electrode 004 is applied to each of the transmissive electrodes 006, or not
  • the two electrodes 005 and the transmissive electrode 006 apply a voltage, and only a voltage is applied to the first electrode 004.
  • the voltage difference between the first electrode 004 and each of the second electrodes 005 and each of the transmissive electrodes 006 may be a preset differential pressure, and the magnitude of the preset differential pressure is equal to a preset threshold, and therefore, the first electrode An electric field exists between each of 004 and each of the second electrodes 005 and between the first electrode 004 and each of the transmissive electrodes 006, and all of the polymer liquid crystal particles in the liquid crystal layer 003 are deflected. At this time, as shown in FIG.
  • the anti-spy component 00 can be emitted from the liquid crystal layer 003 and emitted from the second substrate 002 after the light is incident on the liquid crystal layer 003 from the first substrate 001.
  • the liquid crystal layer 003 can be transmitted from the liquid crystal layer 003 regardless of the incident angle of the light, that is, the light emitted from the liquid crystal layer 003 is independent of the incident angle of the light entering the liquid crystal layer 003. It should be noted that when the anti-peep component 00 is disposed on the display device and the anti-peep component 00 is in the state shown in FIG.
  • the first electrode in response to applying the same voltage to any one of the first electrode 004 and the plurality of second electrodes 005, the first electrode The liquid crystal between 004 and any of the second electrodes 005 is used to scatter light and cannot be emitted from the second substrate 002, which is equivalent to the first electrode 004 and either A light absorbing unit is formed between the second electrodes 005. At this time, a plurality of light absorbing units arranged in an array are formed between the first substrate 001 and the second substrate 002. If the second electrode 005 is a strip electrode, the light absorbing units are viewed from the entire anti-spying component 00.
  • the observer sees the diffuse foggy picture from two side views (such as the upper side view and the lower side view), in the positive view and the other two side views (such as the left side view and the right side).
  • the viewing angle is a normal transmission picture, thereby achieving the purpose of anti-peeping; and if the second electrode 005 is a block electrode, the light absorbing unit is like a criss-crossing louver as viewed from the entire anti-peeping component 00.
  • What makes the observer see from each side of the viewing angle is the broken foggy picture, and the normal viewing picture is seen in the positive viewing angle, thus realizing the all-around anti-spy function.
  • the distance between the first substrate 001 and the second substrate 002 can be changed, so that the anti-peep assembly 00 can satisfy both the anti-peeping requirement and the thinning requirement.
  • the distance between the first substrate 001 and the second substrate 002 may range from 1 to 50 um.
  • the anti-spyware component shown in FIG. 4 is taken as an example to explain the anti-peeping principle of the anti-spyware component provided by the present disclosure.
  • the anti-spyware component of FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 5, and FIG. The anti-seeing principle of 00 can be referred to the following description.
  • the anti-spying component is the anti-peeping component 00 shown in FIG. 2
  • the liquid crystal layer in which the nematic liquid crystal can pass can be applied without applying voltage light.
  • the voltage may not be applied to the first electrode 004 and the second electrode 005, or the same voltage may be applied to the first electrode 004 and the second electrode 005, thereby achieving anti-peeping.
  • different voltages may be applied to the first electrode 004 and the second electrode 005 to deflect the polymer liquid crystal particles between the first electrode 004 and the second electrode 005, thereby allowing the light to pass through the first
  • the polymer liquid crystal of the electrode 004 and the second electrode 005 is emitted from the second substrate 002, and the light incident into the nematic liquid crystal is directly transmitted through the nematic liquid crystal from the second substrate 002.
  • the anti-spy component is the anti-spying component 00 shown in FIG. 3, since there is no liquid crystal between the spacing region and the first electrode 004, the light incident between the spacing region and the first electrode 004 can directly The liquid crystal layer is emitted. At this time, in the anti-spy mode, the voltage may not be applied to the first electrode 004 and the second electrode 005, or the same voltage may be applied to the first electrode 004 and the second electrode 005, thereby achieving anti-peeping.
  • different voltages may be applied to the first electrode 004 and the second electrode 005 to deflect the polymer liquid crystal particles between the first electrode 004 and the second electrode 005, and the light is transmitted through the first Electricity
  • the polymer liquid crystal of the pole 004 and the second electrode 005 is emitted from the second substrate 002, and the light incident between the spacer region and the first electrode 004 is directly emitted from the second substrate 002.
  • the anti-spy component is the anti-peep component 00 shown in FIG. 5
  • the same voltage is applied to the first electrode 004 and the transmissive electrode 006 or no voltage light is applied.
  • the voltage may not be applied to the first electrode 004, the second electrode 005, and the transmissive electrode 006, or the same voltage may be applied to the first electrode 004, the second electrode 005, and the transmissive electrode 006.
  • different voltages may be applied to the first electrode 004 and the second electrode 005, and the same voltage as the first electrode 004 may be applied to the transmissive electrode 006, the first electrode 004 and the second electrode 005.
  • the polymer liquid crystal particles are deflected, and the polymer liquid crystal that transmits light through the first electrode 004 and the second electrode 005 is emitted from the second substrate 002, and the light incident into the nematic liquid crystal is directly transmitted through the nematic liquid crystal.
  • the second substrate 002 is emitted.
  • the anti-spy component is the anti-spying component 00 shown in FIG. 6, since there is no liquid crystal between the transmissive electrode 006 and the first electrode 004, the light incident between the transmissive electrode 006 and the first electrode 004 can Directly emitted from the liquid crystal layer.
  • the voltage may not be applied to the first electrode 004, the second electrode 005, and the transmissive electrode 006, or the same voltage may be applied to the first electrode 004, the second electrode 005, and the transmissive electrode 006.
  • different voltages may be applied to the first electrode 004 and the second electrode 005 to deflect the polymer liquid crystal particles between the first electrode 004 and the second electrode 005.
  • the polymer liquid crystal that has passed through the first electrode 004 and the second electrode 005 is emitted from the second substrate 002, and the light incident between the transmissive electrode 006 and the first electrode 004 is directly emitted from the second substrate 002.
  • the first electrode and any of the second electrodes are applied in response to the second voltage being applied to any one of the first electrode and the plurality of second electrodes.
  • the inter-liquid crystal scatters light, and in response to applying a different voltage to the first electrode and any of the second electrodes, the liquid crystal between the first electrode and any of the second electrodes transmits light.
  • When light is scattered it can be used for anti-spying.
  • When light is transmitted information can be shared. Therefore, by applying voltage to scatter or transmit light, the anti-spyware component can satisfy different applications, and the flexibility of the anti-spyware component in the related art is solved.
  • the low problem achieves the effect of improving the flexibility of the anti-spyware component.
  • the anti-peeping component provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can adjust the viewing angle of the display device.
  • the viewing angle of the display device can be dynamically switched between a narrow viewing angle and a wide viewing angle.
  • the transparent state picture can be seen from the front view of the display device and only the fog state picture can be seen from the side view of the display device, so that the anti-peep can be realized.
  • the viewing angle of the display device is at a wide viewing angle, the transparent state image can be seen from various viewing angles of the display device. Therefore, the anti-spyware component provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can select whether or not to prevent peek according to an application, thereby improving the flexibility of anti-peeping.
  • the anti-spyware component provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is in the anti-spy mode, the foggy picture is observed from the respective side views of the display device, and therefore, the anti-theft view can be performed from the respective side views of the display device, and the privacy is perfectly protected. .
  • the anti-peeping component provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure has good weather resistance and high reliability.
  • FIG. 14 a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a privacy-preventing assembly provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which can be used to manufacture the anti-peep assembly 00 shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. .
  • the manufacturing method of the anti-peep assembly includes:
  • Step 1401 Providing a first substrate and a second substrate.
  • Step 1402 Form a first electrode on the first substrate.
  • Step 1403 Forming a plurality of second electrodes arranged in an array on the second substrate.
  • Step 1404 Arranging the first substrate opposite to the second substrate, and arranging a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the first electrode is located on a side of the first substrate near the liquid crystal layer, and the plurality of second electrodes Located on a side of the second substrate adjacent to the liquid crystal layer.
  • the liquid crystal between the first electrode and any of the second electrodes scatters light, and in response to the first electrode and Any of the second electrodes applies a different voltage, and the liquid crystal between the first electrode and any of the second electrodes is used to transmit light.
  • Anti-spying can be performed when light is scattered, and information can be shared when light is transmitted. In this way, the light can be scattered or transmitted by applying a voltage to meet different applications, thereby solving the problem of low flexibility of the anti-spyware component in the related art, and improving the anti-spyware component. The effect of flexibility.
  • FIG. 15-1 there is shown a flowchart of a method for manufacturing another anti-peep assembly provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which may be used to manufacture any of the FIGS. 1 to 6 Anti-peep component 00.
  • This embodiment will be described by taking the anti-peep assembly 00 shown in FIG. 4 as an example.
  • the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 003 is a polymer liquid crystal.
  • the method for manufacturing the anti-spyware assembly includes:
  • Step 1501 Providing a first substrate and a second substrate.
  • the first substrate and the second substrate may each be a transparent substrate, and may be a substrate made of a light-guided and non-metallic material having a certain firmness such as glass, quartz, or transparent resin; or the first substrate may be formed.
  • the substrate having a certain pattern is not limited by the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Step 1502 Form a first electrode on the first substrate.
  • a first substrate 001 having a first electrode 004 formed thereon according to the method provided in FIG. 15-1 which may be a plate electrode, a strip electrode, and Any one of the bulk electrodes, and the first electrode 004 may be a semiconductor oxide such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) or Indium zinc oxide (IZO). production.
  • ITO Indium Tin Oxide
  • IZO Indium zinc oxide
  • the thickness of the first electrode 004 may be arranged according to actual needs, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the first electrode 004 is a plate electrode, and the first electrode 004 is made of ITO as an example.
  • a layer of ITO material may be deposited on the first substrate 001 by a method such as coating, magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation or plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD).
  • PECVD plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition
  • the ITO material layer may be processed by one patterning process to obtain the first electrode 004.
  • the patterning process includes: photoresist coating, exposure, development, etching, and photoresist stripping. Therefore, processing the ITO layer by using a patterning process includes: coating a layer of photoresist on the ITO layer. Then, the photoresist is exposed by a mask to form a fully exposed area and a non-exposed area, and then processed by a developing process to remove the photoresist in the completely exposed area, and the photoresist in the non-exposed area.
  • the first electrode 004 is formed by using a positive photoresist as an example. In a practical application, the first electrode 004 can be formed by using a negative photoresist. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not described herein again.
  • Step 1503 Form a plurality of second electrodes arranged in an array on the second substrate.
  • the second electrode 005 can be a strip electrode or a bulk electrode
  • the first electrode 004 can be made of a semiconductor oxide such as ITO or IZO, and the thickness of the second electrode 005 can be arranged according to actual needs.
  • the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto.
  • a layer of ITO material may be deposited on the second substrate 002 by coating, magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation or PECVD to obtain an ITO material layer, and then the ITO material layer is processed by a patterning process to obtain A plurality of second electrodes 005 arranged in an array manner.
  • a patterning process For the process of one patterning process, reference may be made to step 1502, and embodiments of the present disclosure are not described herein again.
  • Step 1504 forming a plurality of transmissive electrodes arranged in an array on the second substrate on which the plurality of second electrodes are formed, and staggering the plurality of transmissive electrodes and the plurality of second electrodes.
  • a second substrate 002 formed with a plurality of second electrodes 005 fabricated according to the method illustrated in FIG. 15-1, on which a plurality of transmissive electrodes arranged in an array are further formed 006, the shape of the transmissive electrode 006 is the same as the shape of the second electrode 004, that is, the transmissive electrode 006 is a strip electrode or a block electrode.
  • the plurality of transmissive electrodes 006 are alternately arranged with the plurality of second electrodes 005.
  • the transmissive electrodes 006 may be made of a semiconductor oxide such as ITO or IZO, and the thickness of the transmissive electrodes 006 may be arranged according to actual needs. .
  • the process of forming the plurality of transmissive electrodes 006 arranged in an array on the second substrate 002 on which the plurality of second electrodes 004 are formed may refer to step 1503, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not described herein again.
  • Step 1505 Arranging the first substrate opposite to the second substrate, and arranging a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, such that the first electrode is located on a side of the first substrate near the liquid crystal layer, and the plurality of second electrodes are located The second substrate is adjacent to one side of the liquid crystal layer.
  • a first liquid crystal layer 003 is formed between the first substrate 001 and the second substrate 002, and the first electrode 004 is located on the first substrate 001 near the liquid crystal layer 003.
  • a plurality of second electrodes 005 are located on a side of the second substrate 002 near the liquid crystal layer 003, and the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 003 may be a polymer liquid crystal.
  • the encapsulation frame may be disposed in a peripheral region of the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed, and then enclosed by the encapsulation frame on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed by a dropping process.
  • the liquid crystal layer 003 is obtained by injecting the polymer liquid crystal into the space, and then the one surface of the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed is disposed opposite to the surface on which the second substrate 002 is formed with the second electrode 005, and is pressed, as shown in FIG.
  • the anti-peep component 00 is shown.
  • the first substrate 001 and the second substrate 002 may be disposed opposite to each other, and then the liquid crystal layer 003 is disposed between the first substrate 001 and the second substrate 002 by using a microcavity infusion process, thereby obtaining an anti-defense as shown in FIG. Looking at component 00, embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit this set.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is described by taking the anti-peep assembly 00 shown in FIG. 4 as an example.
  • the manufacturing method of the anti-spy component provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may also be used to manufacture the FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 and the anti-peep assembly 00 shown in any of FIGS. 5 and 6, and for the difference in shape of the second electrode 005 and the transmissive electrode 006, the embodiment of the present disclosure may manufacture the anti-peep assembly 00 in a different manner.
  • the anti-peep component 00 can be manufactured through the above steps 1501 to 1503 and the present step 1505.
  • the second electrode 005 is a strip electrode
  • step 1505 a plurality of microcavities arranged in an elongated shape and arranged in an array may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed.
  • the plurality of microcavities are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second electrodes 005, and the length direction of any of the microcavities is parallel to the length direction of any of the second electrodes 005; then the first substrate 001 is formed with the first electrode 004 One side is opposite to the side of the second substrate 002 on which the second electrode 005 is formed; finally, the micro-cavity infusion process is used to inject the polymer liquid crystal into each microcavity, and the nematic column is immersed between any two adjacent microcavities. The liquid crystal is phased to obtain the anti-peep assembly 00 as shown in FIG.
  • a plurality of microcavities arranged in an elongated shape and arranged in an array may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed, and the plurality of microcavities may be in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of spaced regions.
  • a length direction of a microcavity is parallel to a length direction of any of the second electrodes 005; then, a side of the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed is disposed opposite to a side of the second substrate 002 on which the second electrode 005 is formed; Finally, the nematic liquid crystal is perfused in each microcavity by using a microcavity infusion process, and the polymer liquid crystal is poured between any two adjacent microcavities to obtain the antispy component 00 as shown in FIG.
  • an elongated and continuously arranged plurality of microcavities may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed, such that the plurality of microcavities and the plurality of second electrodes 005 and the plurality of spacer regions are a correspondence (that is, each microcavity corresponds to a second electrode 005 or a spacer region), and the length direction of any of the microcavities is parallel to the length direction of any of the second electrodes 005, and then the formation of the first substrate 001 is performed.
  • One side of the first electrode 004 is disposed opposite to the side of the second substrate 002 on which the second electrode 005 is formed, and finally a microcavity infusion process is performed in the microcavity between each of the second electrode 005 and the first electrode 004 by a microcavity infusion process.
  • the liquid crystal, and the nematic liquid crystal are poured into the microcavity between each of the spacer regions and the first electrode 004 to obtain the anti-peep assembly 00 as shown in FIG.
  • step 1505 Forming a plurality of microcavities arranged in a matrix on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed, such that the orthographic projection of each microcavity on the first substrate 001 is a block shape, and the plurality of microcavities are formed.
  • a plurality of microcavities arranged in a matrix may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed, such that the orthographic projection of each microcavity on the first substrate 001 is a block shape, and multiple The microcavity is in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of spacer regions; then, the microcavity infusion process is performed, the nematic liquid crystal is perfused in each microcavity, and the polymer liquid crystal is poured between each adjacent two microcavities, and then the first One side of the substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed is disposed opposite to the side on which the second substrate 002 is formed with the second electrode 005, and is pressed to obtain the anti-peep assembly 00 as shown in FIG.
  • a plurality of continuous microcavities may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed, and the plurality of microcavities may be in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second electrodes 005 and the plurality of spaced regions (ie, Each microcavity corresponds to a second electrode 005 or a spacer region), and then a microcavity infusion process is used to inject a polymer liquid crystal into the microcavity between the first electrode 004 and each of the second electrodes 005, and at the first
  • the electrode 004 is filled with a nematic liquid crystal in a microcavity between each of the spacer regions, and then a side of the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed is disposed opposite to the side on which the second substrate 002 is formed with the second electrode 005
  • an anti-peep assembly 00 as shown in FIG. 2 is obtained.
  • the anti-peep component 00 can be manufactured through the above steps 1501 to 1503 and the present step 1505.
  • the second electrode 005 is a strip electrode
  • step 1505 a plurality of microcavities arranged in an elongated shape and arranged in an array may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed.
  • the microcavity is in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second electrodes 005, and the length direction of any of the microcavities is parallel to the length direction of any of the second electrodes 005; then the first substrate 001 is formed with one side and the second side of the first electrode 004 The substrate 002 is formed with the opposite side of the second electrode 005; finally, the micro-cavity infusion process is used to inject the polymer liquid crystal into each microcavity, and the vacuum environment between each adjacent two microcavities is obtained as shown in the figure.
  • a plurality of microcavities arranged in an elongated shape and arranged in an array may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed, and the plurality of microcavities may be in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of spaced regions.
  • the length direction of a microcavity is parallel to the length direction of any of the second electrodes 005; then the first substrate is One side of the first electrode 004 is formed opposite to the side of the second substrate 002 on which the second electrode 005 is formed, and finally the polymer liquid crystal is poured between each adjacent two micro cavities by a microcavity infusion process, and A vacuum environment is created in each microcavity to obtain an anti-peep assembly 00 as shown in FIG.
  • an elongated and continuously arranged plurality of microcavities may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed, such that the plurality of microcavities and the plurality of second electrodes 005 and the plurality of spaced regions are one by one Corresponding (that is, each microcavity corresponds to a second electrode 005 or a spacer region), and the length direction of any microcavity is parallel to the length direction of any second electrode 005; then the formation of the first substrate 001 is One side of the first electrode 004 is disposed opposite to the side of the second substrate 002 on which the second electrode 005 is formed; finally, the microcavity is filled in the microcavity between each of the second electrode 005 and the first electrode 004 by a microcavity infusion process.
  • the liquid crystal is placed in a vacuum environment between each of the spacer regions and the first electrode 004 to obtain a peep prevention component 00 as shown in FIG.
  • step 1505 a plurality of microcavities arranged in a matrix may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed.
  • the microcavity is in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second electrodes 005; then the micro-cavity infusion process is used to inject the polymer liquid crystal into each microcavity, and the first electrode 004 and each of the spacer regions are in a vacuum environment;
  • One side of the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed is disposed opposite to the side of the second substrate 002 on which the second electrode 005 is formed, and is pressed to obtain the anti-peep assembly 00 as shown in FIG.
  • a plurality of microcavities arranged in a matrix may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed, and the plurality of microcavities may be in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of spacer regions; and then the microcavity infusion process is adopted.
  • a polymer liquid crystal is poured between each adjacent two microcavities, and a vacuum environment is formed in each microcavity; then a side of the first substrate 001 formed with the first electrode 004 and the second substrate 002 are formed with a second One side of the electrode 005 is oppositely arranged and pressed to obtain the anti-peep assembly 00 as shown in FIG.
  • a plurality of microcavities arranged in series may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed, and the plurality of microcavities may be in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second electrodes 005 and the plurality of spaced regions (also That is, each microcavity corresponds to a second electrode 005 or a spacer region; then a microcavity infusion process is used to infuse the polymer liquid crystal into the microcavity between the first electrode 004 and each of the second electrodes 005, and The microcavity between the first electrode 004 and each of the spacer regions is a vacuum environment; then one side of the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed is disposed opposite to the side of the second substrate 002 on which the second electrode 005 is formed. And press-fit, the anti-peep assembly 00 shown in FIG. 3 is obtained.
  • the anti-peep component 00 can be manufactured through the above steps 1501 to 1504 and the present step 1505.
  • the second electrode 005 is a strip electrode
  • step 1505 a plurality of microcavities arranged in an elongated shape and arranged in an array may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed.
  • the microcavity is in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second electrodes 005, and the length direction of any of the microcavities is parallel to the longitudinal direction of any of the second electrodes 005; then the first substrate 001 is formed with the first electrode 004 and the first surface The two substrates 002 are formed with opposite sides of the second electrode 005. Finally, the micro-cavity infusion process is used to inject the polymer liquid crystal into each microcavity, and the nematic liquid crystal is poured between any two adjacent microcavities.
  • a plurality of microcavities arranged in an elongated shape and arranged in an array may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed, and the plurality of transmissive electrodes 006 of the plurality of microcavities may be one-to-one corresponding thereto.
  • a length direction of a microcavity is parallel to a length direction of any of the second electrodes 005; then, a side of the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed is disposed opposite to a side of the second substrate 002 on which the second electrode 005 is formed; Finally, the nematic liquid crystal is perfused in each microcavity by using a microcavity infusion process, and the polymer liquid crystal is poured between any two adjacent microcavities to obtain the antispy component 00 as shown in FIG.
  • an elongated and continuously arranged plurality of microcavities may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed, such that the plurality of microcavities and the plurality of second electrodes 005 and the plurality of transmissive electrodes 006 One-to-one correspondence (that is, each microcavity corresponds to one second electrode 005 or one transmissive electrode 006), and the length direction of any microcavity is parallel to the length direction of any second electrode 005; then the first substrate 001 is One side of the first electrode 004 is formed opposite to the side of the second substrate 002 on which the second electrode 005 is formed; finally, a microcavity infusion process is used in the microcavity between each of the second electrodes 005 and the first electrode 004.
  • the polymer liquid crystal is poured, and the nematic liquid crystal is poured into the microcavity between each of the transmissive electrode 006 and the first electrode 004 to obtain the anti
  • step 1505 a plurality of microcavities arranged in a matrix may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed, so that each micro The orthographic projection of the cavity on the first substrate 001 is block-shaped, and the plurality of microcavities are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second electrodes 005; then the micro-cavity infusion process is used to inject the polymer liquid crystal into each microcavity.
  • a nematic liquid crystal is interposed between each adjacent two microcavities; then, a side of the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed is disposed opposite to and pressed against a side of the second substrate 002 on which the second electrode 005 is formed , the anti-peep component 00 shown in FIG. 5 is obtained.
  • a matrix may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed.
  • a plurality of microcavities arranged in a shape such that the orthographic projection of each microcavity on the first substrate 001 is block-shaped, and the plurality of microcavities are respectively corresponding to the plurality of transmissive electrodes 006; and then the microcavity infusion process is adopted.
  • the nematic liquid crystal is perfused in each microcavity, and the polymer liquid crystal is poured between each adjacent two microcavities; then the side of the first substrate 001 formed with the first electrode 004 and the second substrate 002 are formed.
  • One side of the second electrode 005 is oppositely arranged and pressed to obtain the anti-peep assembly 00 as shown in FIG.
  • a plurality of microcavities arranged in series may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed, and the plurality of microcavities may be in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second electrodes 005 and the plurality of transmissive electrodes 006 ( That is, each microcavity corresponds to a second electrode 005 or a transmissive electrode 006); then, using a microcavity infusion process, the polymer liquid crystal is poured into the microcavity between the first electrode 004 and each of the second electrodes 005, The nematic liquid crystal is poured into the microcavity between the first electrode 004 and each of the transmissive electrodes 006; then the first substrate 001 is formed with the first electrode 004 and the second substrate 002 is formed with the second electrode 005 The one side is oppositely arranged and pressed to obtain the anti-peep assembly 00 as shown in FIG.
  • the anti-peep component 00 can be manufactured through the above steps 1501 to 1503 and the present step 1505.
  • the second electrode 005 is a strip electrode
  • step 1505 a plurality of microcavities arranged in an elongated shape and arranged in an array may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed.
  • the microcavity is in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second electrodes 005, and the length direction of any of the microcavities is parallel to the longitudinal direction of any of the second electrodes 005; then the first substrate 001 is formed with the first electrode 004 and the first surface The two substrates 002 are formed with opposite sides of the second electrode 005; finally, the micro-cavity infusion process is used to inject the polymer liquid crystal into each of the micro-cavities, and the vacuum environment between each adjacent two micro-cavities is obtained.
  • a plurality of microcavities arranged in an elongated shape and arranged in an array may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed, and the plurality of microcavities may be in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of transmissive electrodes 006, and The length direction of any of the microcavities is parallel to the length direction of any of the second electrodes 005; then the side of the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed is disposed opposite to the side of the second substrate 002 on which the second electrode 005 is formed Finally, a microcavity infusion process is used to infuse the polymer liquid crystal between each adjacent two microcavities, and a vacuum environment is formed in each microcavity to obtain a peep prevention component 00 as shown in FIG.
  • an elongated and continuously arranged plurality of microcavities may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed, such that the plurality of microcavities and the plurality of second electrodes 005 and the plurality of transmissive electrodes 006 are a correspondence (that is, each microcavity corresponds to a second electrode 005 or a transmissive electrode 006), and the length direction of any microcavity and any second electrode The length direction of 005 is parallel; then one side of the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed is disposed opposite to the side of the second substrate 002 on which the second electrode 005 is formed; finally, a microcavity infusion process is performed on each second electrode
  • the micro-cavity between the 005 and the first electrode 004 is filled with the polymer liquid crystal, and the microcavity between each of the transmissive electrode 006 and the first electrode 004 is in a vacuum environment, and the anti-pe
  • the second electrode 005 is a bulk electrode
  • a plurality of microcavities arranged in a matrix may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed.
  • the microcavity is in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second electrodes 005; then, the micro-cavity infusion process is used to inject the polymer liquid crystal into each microcavity, and the vacuum environment is between the first electrode 004 and each of the transmissive electrodes 006;
  • One side of the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed is disposed opposite to the side of the second substrate 002 on which the second electrode 005 is formed, and is pressed to obtain the anti-peep assembly 00 as shown in FIG.
  • a plurality of microcavities arranged in a matrix may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed, and the plurality of microcavities may be in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of transmissive electrodes 006; then the microcavity infusion process is adopted.
  • One side of the second electrode 005 is oppositely arranged and pressed to obtain the anti-peep assembly 00 as shown in FIG.
  • a plurality of microcavities arranged in series may be formed on the first substrate 001 on which the first electrode 004 is formed, and the plurality of microcavities may be in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second electrodes 005 and the plurality of transmissive electrodes 006 ( That is, each microcavity corresponds to a second electrode 005 or a transmissive electrode 006); then, using a microcavity infusion process, the polymer liquid crystal is poured into the microcavity between the first electrode 004 and each of the second electrodes 005, And forming a vacuum environment in the microcavity between the first electrode 004 and each of the transmissive electrodes 006; then, a side of the first substrate 001 formed with the first electrode 004 and a second substrate 002 formed with the second electrode 005 The opposite side is arranged and pressed to obtain the anti-peep assembly 00 as shown in FIG.
  • the first electrode 004 in response to applying the same voltage to any one of the first electrode 004 and the plurality of second electrodes 005, the first The liquid crystal between the electrode 004 and any of the second electrodes 005 scatters light, and in response to applying a different voltage to the first electrode 004 and any of the second electrodes 005, between the first electrode 004 and any of the second electrodes 005 The liquid crystal transmits light.
  • the first electrode 004 in response to applying a different voltage to any one of the first electrode 004 and the plurality of transmissive electrodes 006, the first electrode 004 is associated with either Transmissive electrode The liquid crystal between 006 is used to transmit light.
  • the anti-spyware component can also be prevented from being escaping, so the manufacturing method of the anti-spyware assembly can reduce the production process and production. cost.
  • FIG. 16 is a flowchart of a method for controlling an anti-peep component provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which may be used to control the anti-peep component 00 shown in any of FIGS. 1 to 6.
  • the control method includes:
  • Step 1601 responsive to the anti-spyware component being in the anti-spy mode, applying the same voltage to the first electrode of the anti-peep component and the plurality of second electrodes of the anti-peep component, such that each of the first electrode and the plurality of second electrodes The liquid crystal between the two electrodes scatters the light.
  • Step 1602 responsive to the anti-peeping component being in the non-anti-peep mode, applying different voltages to the first electrode of the anti-spyware component and the plurality of second electrodes of the anti-spy component, such that each of the first electrode and the plurality of second electrodes The liquid crystal between the second electrodes transmits light.
  • FIG. 17 is a flowchart of a method for controlling another anti-peep component provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the control method of the anti-peep component can be used to control the anti-peep component 00 shown in any of FIG. 1 to FIG. .
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is described by taking the example of controlling the anti-peeping component 00 shown in FIG. 4.
  • the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 003 is a polymer liquid crystal.
  • the method includes:
  • Step 1701 responsive to the anti-spyware component being in the anti-spy mode, applying the same voltage to the first electrode of the anti-spy component and the plurality of second electrodes of the anti-spy component, such that each of the first electrode and the plurality of second electrodes
  • the liquid crystal between the two electrodes scatters light and applies different voltages to the first electrode and the plurality of transmissive electrodes of the anti-spy component, such that the liquid crystal between the first electrode and each of the plurality of transmissive electrodes transmits light .
  • a first voltage may be respectively applied to each of the first electrode 004 and each of the plurality of second electrodes 005, and a first voltage is applied to each of the plurality of transmissive electrodes 006.
  • the voltage is such that the voltage difference between the first electrode 004 and each of the second electrodes 005 is 0, and the voltage difference between the first electrode 004 and each of the transmissive electrodes 006 is a preset voltage difference, and the first electrode 004 and each The polymer liquid crystal between the second electrodes 005 is in an initial state.
  • any of the first voltage and the second voltage comprises a voltage having an amplitude equal to zero, and applying a voltage having a magnitude equal to zero corresponds to an unapplied voltage.
  • Step 1702 responsive to the anti-peeping component being in the non-anti-peep mode, applying different voltages to the first electrode of the anti-peep component and the plurality of second electrodes of the anti-peep component, such that each of the first electrode and the plurality of second electrodes The liquid crystal between the second electrodes transmits light, and applies different voltages to the first electrode and the plurality of transmissive electrodes of the anti-spy component, such that the liquid crystal between the first electrode and each of the plurality of transmissive electrodes transmits light transmission.
  • a first voltage may be applied to the first electrode 004, and a second may be applied to each of the plurality of second electrodes 005 and each of the plurality of transmissive electrodes 006 a voltage such that a voltage difference between the first electrode 004 and each of the second electrodes 005 and a voltage difference between the first electrode 004 and each of the transmissive electrodes 006 are preset pressure differences, and all polymer liquid crystals in the liquid crystal layer 003
  • the deflection transmits light under the action of a preset differential pressure.
  • any of the first voltage and the second voltage comprises a voltage having a magnitude equal to zero, wherein applying a voltage having a magnitude equal to zero corresponds to no voltage being applied.
  • first voltage in the step 1702 may be the same as or different from the first voltage in the step 1701
  • second voltage in the step 1702 may be the same as or different from the second voltage in the step 1701
  • implementation of the present disclosure This example does not limit this.
  • the above embodiment is described by taking the anti-spyware component 00 shown in FIG. 4 as an example, and the control of the anti-peep component 00 shown in any one of FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 and FIG.
  • the process can refer to the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the nematic liquid crystal since the nematic liquid crystal is displayed in the normally white mode, the nematic liquid crystal in the initial state can also transmit light, and therefore, the light can be transmitted through the image regardless of whether a voltage is applied or whether there is a voltage difference. 2 and the nematic liquid crystal 0032 shown in FIG.
  • the spacer region (the interval region between two adjacent second electrodes 005) are in a vacuum environment, and the vacuum between the first electrode 004 and the transmissive electrode 006 in FIG. Therefore, regardless of whether a voltage is applied or whether there is a voltage difference, the light can pass through the liquid crystal layer between the first electrode 004 and the spacer region and the liquid crystal layer between the first electrode 004 and the transmissive electrode 006.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a display device including a display panel and the anti-peep assembly 00 shown in any of FIGS. 1 through 6.
  • a person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above embodiments may be completed by hardware, or may be instructed by a program to execute related hardware, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the storage medium mentioned may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk or the like.

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Abstract

一种防窥组件（00）及其制造方法、控制防窥组件（00）的方法、以及显示装置。防窥组件（00）包括：相对布置的第一基板（001）和第二基板（002），以及位于第一基板（001）与第二基板（002）之间的液晶层（003）；其中第一基板（001）靠近液晶层（003）的一侧布置有第一电极（004），第二基板（002）靠近液晶层（003）的一侧布置有以阵列方式排布的多个第二电极（005）；以及其中，响应于向第一电极（004）和多个第二电极（005）中的任一第二电极（005）施加相同电压，第一电极（004）与任一第二电极（005）之间的液晶使光线散射，并且响应于在向第一电极（004）和任一第二电极（005）施加不同电压，第一电极（004）与任一第二电极（005）之间的液晶用于使光线透射。采用防窥组件（00），极大地改进了防窥的灵活性。

Description

防窥组件及其制造方法、控制防窥组件的方法、以及显示装置
相关申请
本PCT申请要求申请日为2017年1月5日、申请号为CN201710006937.3的中国专利申请的优先权，该优先权申请的整体内容通过引用的方式被合并于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及显示技术的领域，特别涉及一种防窥组件及其制造方法、控制防窥组件的方法以及显示装置。
背景技术
随着显示技术的快速发展，诸如手机、电视、车载终端等显示装置的应用也越来越广泛。用户在通过显示装置观看信息的过程中，为了避免显示装置显示的信息被其他用户偷窥，可以在显示装置上布置防窥组件。
现有技术中的防窥组件通常为防窥膜，防窥膜可以贴附在显示装置的出光面上来实现防窥。防窥膜通常包括：基底和布置在基底上的防窥层，防窥层包括长度方向上平行的多个条状透射单元和长度方向上平行的多个条状吸收单元，每两个条状吸收单元之间布置有一个条状透射单元，任一条状吸收单元的长度方向与任一条状透射单元的长度方向平行。将防窥膜贴附在显示装置的出光面上之后，从显示装置的出光面射出的光线射入防窥膜的防窥层，其中，射入吸收单元的光线被吸收单元吸收而无法从防窥膜射出，射入透射单元的光线透过透射单元并从防窥膜射出，使得从正视角能够观看到显示装置显示的信息，而从侧视角无法观看到显示装置显示的信息，从而可以实现防窥。正视角指的是从显示装置的正前方观看显示装置时的视角，侧视角指的是从显示装置的侧前方观看显示装置时的视角。
然而，不同应用场合对显示装置的防窥需求不同。比如，当用户处于具有保密需求的应用场合时，需要进行防窥，当用户处于具有分享需求的应用场合时，不需要进行防窥。相关技术在显示装置的出光面上贴附防窥膜之后，从侧视角无法观看到显示装置显示的信息，导 致显示装置无法适用于具有分享需求的应用场合。因此，现有技术中的防窥组件无法使显示装置满足不同的应用场合，防窥组件防窥的灵活性较低。
发明内容
根据本公开的第一方面，提供了一种防窥组件，包括：
相对布置的第一基板和第二基板；以及
位于所述第一基板与所述第二基板之间的液晶层；
其中，所述第一基板靠近所述液晶层的一侧布置有第一电极，以及所述第二基板靠近所述液晶层的一侧布置有以阵列方式排布的多个第二电极；
以及其中，响应于向所述第一电极和所述多个第二电极中的任一第二电极施加相同电压，所述第一电极与所述任一第二电极之间的液晶使光线散射，并且响应于向所述第一电极和所述任一第二电极施加不同电压，所述第一电极与所述任一第二电极之间的液晶使光线透射。
可选地，所在所述第二基板的靠近所述液晶层的一侧还布置有以阵列方式排布的多个透射电极，所述多个透射电极与所述多个第二电极交错排布。
可选地，所述多个第二电极中每两个相邻的第二电极之间存在间隔区域。
可选地，所述液晶层中的液晶为聚合物液晶。
可选地，所述第一电极与所述多个第二电极中的每个第二电极之间的液晶为聚合物液晶，并且所述第一电极与所述多个透射电极中的每个透射电极之间的液晶为向列相液晶，或者所述第一电极与所述多个透射电极中的每个透射电极之间不存在液晶。
可选地，所述第一电极与所述多个第二电极中的每个第二电极之间的液晶为聚合物液晶，并且所述第一电极与每个所述间隔区域之间的液晶为向列相液晶，或者所述第一电极与每个所述间隔区域之间不存在液晶。
可选地，所述第一电极为板状电极、条状电极和块状电极中的任意一种，所述第二电极为条状电极或块状电极。进一步地，所述透射电极的形状与所述第二电极的形状相同。
根据本公开的第二方面，提供了一种防窥组件的制造方法，包括：
提供第一基板和第二基板；
在所述第一基板上形成第一电极；
在所述第二基板上形成以阵列方式排布的多个第二电极；
将所述第一基板与所述第二基板相对布置并且在所述第一基板与所述第二基板之间布置液晶层，其中，所述第一电极位于所述第一基板的靠近所述液晶层的一侧，所述多个第二电极位于所述第二基板的靠近所述液晶层的一侧；
其中，响应于向所述第一电极和所述多个第二电极中的任一第二电极施加相同电压，所述第一电极与所述任一第二电极之间的液晶使光线散射，并且响应于向所述第一电极和所述任一第二电极施加不同电压，所述第一电极与所述任一第二电极之间的液晶使光线透射。
可选地，所述方法还包括：在所述第二基板上形成以阵列方式排布的多个第二电极之后，在形成有所述多个第二电极的第二基板上形成以阵列方式排布的多个透射电极，使得所述多个透射电极与所述多个第二电极交错排布。
可选地，所述液晶层中的液晶为聚合物液晶。
可选地，所述第一电极与所述多个第二电极中的每个第二电极之间的液晶为聚合物液晶，并且所述第一电极与所述多个透射电极中的每个透射电极之间的液晶为向列相液晶，或者所述第一电极与所述多个透射电极中的每个透射电极之间不存在液晶。
可选地，所述方法还包括：在所述多个第二电极中每两个相邻的第二电极之间布置间隔区域，其中所述第一电极与所述多个第二电极中的每个第二电极之间的液晶为聚合物液晶，并且所述第一电极与每个所述间隔区域之间的液晶为向列相液晶，或者所述第一电极与每个所述间隔区域之间不存在液晶。
可选地，在所述第一基板与所述第二基板之间布置液晶层包括：
采用微腔灌注工艺在所述第一基板与所述第二基板之间布置液晶层。
根据本公开的第三方面，提供了一种用于控制根据第一方面所述的防窥组件的方法，所述方法包括：
响应于所述防窥组件处于防窥模式，向所述防窥组件的第一电极 和所述防窥组件的多个第二电极施加相同电压，使得所述第一电极与所述多个第二电极中的每个第二电极之间的液晶将光线散射；以及
响应于所述防窥组件处于非防窥模式，向所述防窥组件的第一电极和所述防窥组件的多个第二电极施加不同电压，使得所述第一电极与所述多个第二电极中的每个第二电极之间的液晶将光线透射。
可选地，在所述第二基板的靠近所述液晶层的一侧还布置有以阵列方式排布的多个透射电极，所述多个透射电极与所述多个第二电极交错排布，所述方法还包括：
向所述第一电极和所述防窥组件的多个透射电极施加不同电压，使得所述第一电极与所述多个透射电极中的每个透射电极之间的液晶将光线透射。
可选地，响应于所述防窥组件处于所述防窥模式，向所述防窥组件的第一电极和所述防窥组件的多个第二电极施加相同电压，使得所述第一电极与所述多个第二电极中的每个第二电极之间的液晶将光线散射，包括：
向所述第一电极和所述多个第二电极中的每个第二电极分别施加第一电压，使得所述第一电极与所述每个第二电极之间的电压差为0，所述第一电极与所述每个第二电极之间的液晶处于初始状态以使光线散射；以及
所述向所述第一电极和所述防窥组件的多个透射电极施加不同电压，使得所述第一电极与所述多个透射电极中的每个透射电极之间的液晶将光线透射，包括：
向所述第一电极施加所述第一电压，向所述多个透射电极中的每个透射电极分别施加第二电压，使得所述第一电极与所述每个透射电极之间的电压差为预设压差，所述第一电极与所述每个透射电极之间的液晶在所述预设压差下偏转以将光线透射。
可选地，响应于所述防窥组件处于所述非防窥模式，所述向所述防窥组件的第一电极和所述防窥组件的多个第二电极施加不同电压，使得所述第一电极与所述多个第二电极中的每个第二电极之间的液晶将光线透射，包括：
向所述第一电极施加第一电压，向所述多个第二电极中的每个第二电极分别施加第二电压，使得所述第一电极与所述每个第二电极之 间的电压差为预设压差，所述第一电极与所述每个第二电极之间的液晶在所述预设压差的作用下偏转将光线透射；
所述向所述第一电极和所述防窥组件的多个透射电极施加不同电压，使得所述第一电极与所述多个透射电极中的每个透射电极之间的液晶将光线透射，包括：
向所述第一电极施加所述第一电压，向所述多个透射电极中的每个透射电极分别施加所述第二电压，使得所述第一电极与所述每个透射电极之间的电压差为预设压差，所述第一电极与所述每个透射电极之间的液晶在所述预设压差的作用下偏转将光线透射。
根据本公开的第四方面，提供了一种显示装置，所述显示装置包括：显示面板，和上面所述的任一防窥组件。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性的，并不限制本公开。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开的实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例的描述中所需要的附图作简单介绍。明显地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些示例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本公开的实施例提供的一种防窥组件的结构示意图；
图2是本公开的实施例提供的另一种防窥组件的结构示意图；
图3是本公开的实施例提供的再一种防窥组件的结构示意图；
图4是本公开的实施例提供的又一种防窥组件的结构示意图；
图5是本公开的实施例提供的又一种防窥组件的结构示意图；
图6是本公开的实施例提供的又一种防窥组件的结构示意图；
图7是图4所示的防窥组件的一种状态图；
图8是图4所示的防窥组件的另一种状态图；
图9是图4所示的防窥组件的一种工作原理图；
图10是从布置有防窥组件的显示装置的正视角观察到的一种画面图；
图11是从布置有防窥组件的显示装置的侧视角观察到的一种画面图；
图12是本公开的实施例涉及到的一种显示装置的俯视图；
图13是图4所示的防窥组件的另一种工作原理图；
图14是本公开的实施例提供的一种防窥组件的制造方法的流程图；
图15-1是本公开的实施例提供的另一种防窥组件的制造方法的流程图；
图15-2是根据图15-1提供的方法制造的在其上形成有第一电极的第一基板的结构示意图；
图15-3是根据图15-1提供的方法制造的在其上形成有以阵列方式排布的多个第二电极的第二基板的结构示意图；
图15-4是根据图15-1提供的方法制造的、以阵列方式排布的多个透射电极被形成在其上的一种形成有第二电极的第二基板的结构示意图；
图16是本公开的实施例提供的一种防窥组件的控制方法的流程图；
图17是本公开的实施例提供的另一种防窥组件的控制方法的流程图。
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，其示出了符合本发明的原理的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本发明的原理。
具体实施方式
为了使本公开的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本公开作进一步详细描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开的一部份实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
视角是显示装置的一个关键指标，不同的应用场合对显示装置的视角的要求也不同。比如，当用户处于具有保密需求的开放式场合中时，需要显示装置具有较窄的视角，使得从正视角能够观看到显示装置显示的信息，而从侧视角无法观看到显示装置显示的信息，以此来保护个人隐私实现防窥。当用户处于具有分享需求的私密场合中时，需要显示装置具有较宽的视角，以使得从各个视角都能够观看到显示装置显示的信息，达到信息分享的目的。具有保密需求的开放式场合例如是输入取款密码、乘坐公共交通观看私人信息或进行商务谈判等；具有分享需求的私密场合例如是与他人一起观看显示装置显示的信息等。本公开提供的防窥组件通过切换显示装置的视角，使显示装置既 能够适用于具有保密需求的开放式场合，也能够适用于具有分享需求的私密场合，从而使防窥组件能够满足不同的应用场合。
参考图1，其示出了本公开的实施例提供的一种防窥组件00的结构示意图。该防窥组件00可以布置在显示装置(图1中未示出)上以便对显示装置显示的信息进行防窥。参见图1，该防窥组件00包括：
相对布置的第一基板001和第二基板002，以及位于第一基板001与第二基板002之间的液晶层003，第一基板001靠近液晶层003的一侧布置有第一电极004，第二基板002靠近液晶层003的一侧布置有以阵列方式排布的多个第二电极005；
其中，响应于向第一电极004和多个第二电极005中的任一第二电极005施加相同电压，第一电极004与任一第二电极005之间的液晶使光线散射；响应于向第一电极004和任一第二电极005施加不同电压，第一电极004与任一第二电极005之间的液晶使光线透射。
以这种方式，在本公开的实施例提供的防窥组件中，可以通过施加电压使光线散射或透射，其中光线散射时可以进行防窥，光线透射时可以进行信息分享，从而使得防窥组件满足不同的应用场合。这解决了相关技术中防窥组件防窥的灵活性较低的问题，达到了提高防窥组件防窥的灵活性的效果。
可选地，第一电极004可以为Common(中文：公共)电极，第一电极004可以为板状电极、条状电极和块状电极中的任意一种，第二电极005可以为条状电极或块状电极。
可选地，如图1至3任一所示，多个第二电极005中每两个相邻的第二电极005之间存在间隔区域(图1中未标出)。或者，如图4至6任一所示，第二基板002靠近液晶层003的一侧还布置有以阵列方式排布的多个透射电极006，多个透射电极006与多个第二电极005交错排布，且透射电极006的形状与第二电极005的形状相同，也即是，透射电极006为条状电极或块状电极。在第二电极005和透射电极006都为条状电极的条件下，交错排布指的是第二电极005和透射电极006间隔布置，且每个第二电极005的长度方向与每个透射电极006的长度方向平行；在第二电极005和透射电极006都为块状电极的条件下，交错排布指的是：第二基板002上包括矩阵状排布的多个电极，该多个电极形成多个第二电极行和多个透射电极行，每个第二电 极行中包括多个第二电极005，每个透射电极行中包括多个透射电极006，且第二电极行和透射电极行间隔布置；或者，第二基板002上包括矩阵状排布的多个电极，该多个电极形成多个第二电极列和多个透射电极列，每个第二电极列中包括多个第二电极005，每个透射电极列中包括多个透射电极006，且第二电极列和透射电极列间隔布置；或者，第二基板002上包括矩阵状排布的多个电极，该多个电极形成多个电极行和多个电极列，每个电极行中包括间隔布置的第二电极005和透射电极006，每个电极列中包括间隔布置的第二电极005和透射电极006，本公开的实施例对此不作限定。
可选地，如图4所示，液晶层003中的液晶为聚合物液晶。响应于向第一电极004和多个透射电极006中的任一透射电极006施加不同电压，第一电极004与任一透射电极006之间的液晶用于使光线透射。在该图4中，液晶层003中的所有液晶均为聚合物液晶。
可选地，如图2所示，第一电极004与多个第二电极005中的每个第二电极005之间的液晶为聚合物液晶0031，第一电极004与每个间隔区域(图2中未标出)之间的液晶为向列相液晶0032，或者，如图3所示，第一电极004与多个第二电极005中的每个第二电极005之间的液晶为聚合物液晶0031，第一电极与每个间隔区域之间不存在液晶。在该示例中，间隔区域指的是相邻的两个第二电极005之间的区域。
可选地，如图5所示，第一电极004与多个第二电极005中的每个第二电极005之间的液晶为聚合物液晶0031，第一电极与多个透射电极006中的每个透射电极006之间的液晶为向列相液晶0032，或者，如图6所示，第一电极004与多个第二电极005中的每个第二电极005之间的液晶为聚合物液晶0031，第一电极004与多个透射电极006中的每个透射电极006之间不存在液晶。
需要说明的是，聚合物液晶是由向列相液晶与聚合物基质混合并通过光聚合、热引发或溶剂挥发处理形成的，聚合物液晶的最小颗粒为聚合物液晶颗粒。从人眼的观看视角上来看，在电场的驱动下聚合物液晶通常具有雾态和透明态两种状态。以下以图4所示的防窥组件00为例对聚合物液晶在电场作用下的状态的转换过程进行说明。具体地，响应于向第一电极004、第二电极005和透射电极006施加相同电 压或者向第一电极004、第二电极005和透射电极006都不施加电压，第一电极004与每个第二电极005之间的电压差以及第一电极004与每个透射电极006之间的电压差均为0，此时，第一电极004与每个第二电极005之间以及第一电极004与每个透射电极006之间均无电场，液晶层003中的聚合物液晶颗粒的排布可以如图7所示。参见图7，液晶层003中的聚合物液晶颗粒00311杂乱排布，各个聚合物液晶颗粒00311的指向矢(聚合物液晶颗粒的长轴方向)不同，且各个聚合物液晶颗粒00311的指向矢随机分布，其中每个聚合物液晶颗粒00311的指向矢与电场方向(与第一基板001和第二基板002垂直)不同。此时，液晶微滴与聚合物的折射率不匹配，因此从第一基板001射入液晶层003中的光线在聚合物液晶颗粒00311的作用下发生散射而无法从第二基板002射出，导致聚合物液晶呈雾态。然而，响应于向第二电极005和透射电极006施加相同电压，但是向第一电极004施加与第二电极005不同的电压，第一电极004与第二电极005之间的电压差以及第一电极004与透射电极006之间的电压差均为预设压差。此时，第一电极004与第二电极005之间以及第一电极004与透射电极006之间均存在电场，导致液晶层003中的聚合物液晶颗粒的排布可以如图8所示。参见图8，液晶层003中的聚合物液晶颗粒00311规则有序的排布，且各个聚合物液晶颗粒00311的指向矢与电场方向平行，此时，液晶微滴的光折射率与聚合物的折射率近似相近相等。此时，两者折射率匹配，因此从第一基板001射入液晶层003中的光线透过液晶层003并从第二基板002射出，导致聚合物液晶呈透明态。
本公开的实施例提供的防窥组件00在处于防窥模式时，从显示装置的正视角看到的是透明态画面(也即是能够看清显示装置显示的信息)，而从显示装置的侧视角看到的是雾态画面(也即是无法看清显示装置显示的信息)，此时，显示装置的视角较窄。而当防窥组件00处于非防窥模式时，从各个视角看到的均是透明态画面，此时，显示装置的视角较宽，能够实现广角显示。下面仍以图4为例进行说明。
响应于防窥组件00处于防窥模式，向每个第二电极005施加与第一电极004相同的电压，并且向每个透射电极006施加与第一电极004不同的电压或者不向所有的透射电极006施加电压。此时，第一电极004与每个第二电极005之间的电压差为0，而第一电极004与每个透 射电极006之间的电压差可以为预设压差，该预设压差的大小等于预设阈值。因此，第一电极004与每个第二电极005之间不存在电场，第一电极004与每个透射电极006之间存在电场，使得第一电极004与每个第二电极005之间的聚合物液晶颗粒不发生偏转，而第一电极004与每个透射电极006之间的聚合物液晶颗粒发生偏转。此时，防窥组件00可以如图9所示。参见图9，光线从第一基板001射入液晶层003后，射入第一电极004与每个第二电极005之间的光线在液晶层003内发生散射(具体原理可以参考图7)，射入第一电极004与每个透射电极006之间的光线从液晶层003透射并从第二基板002射出(具体原理可以参考图8)。应当指出，图9中仅示出了射入第一电极004与一个第二电极005之间的光线的示意图，射入第一电极004与其他第二电极005之间的光线的示意图与此类似。参见图9可知，无论光线以何种入射角射入第一电极004与透射电极006之间，光线都能够从液晶层003透射，也即是，从第一电极004与透射电极006之间的液晶层中射出的光线与该光线射入液晶层003的入射角无关。需要说明的是，当防窥组件00布置在显示装置上且防窥组件00处于图9所示的状态时，显示装置上部分区域具有出射光线，部分区域没有出射光线。实际应用中，具有出射光线的区域和没有出射光线的区域间隔布置，且单个区域的面积非常小，人眼无法感知。这样，因为没有出射光线的区域被夹杂在具有出射光线的区域中，所以当从正视角上观察显示装置时，出射光线能够射入人眼，人眼观察到如图10所示的清晰画面(透明态画面)，此时，显示装置的视角较宽；而从侧视角观察显示装置时，由于第一电极004与第二电极005之间的聚合物液晶的遮挡，出射光线无法射入人眼，使得人眼观察到如图11所示的雾态画面，此时，显示装置的视角较窄。由于从正视角观察显示装置时看到的是透明态画面，而从侧视角观察显示装置时看到的是雾态画面，因此可以实现防窥的功能。应当指出，如图11所示的雾态画面仅仅是示例性的，并不用以限制本公开。作为示例，请参考图12，其示出了一种显示装置的俯视图，显示装置上具有多个子像素R、多个子像素G、多个子像素B和黑矩阵M，其中每个子像素R、每个子像素G、每个子像素B和黑矩阵M占显示装置的面积都非常小，人眼无法感知。在本公开的实施例中，显示装置上具有出射光线的区域的面积可以小于 任一子像素的面积，没有出射光线的区域的面积也可以小于任一子像素的面积(比如，具有出射光线的区域的面积和没有出射光线的区域的面积都小于子像素R的面积)。因此，具有出射光线的区域和没有出射光线的区域的面积非常小，在从正视角观察显示装置的信息时，该没有出射光线的区域不会对人眼观察到的画面产生影响。需要说明的是，具有出射光线的区域可以是透射电极006所在的区域，没有出射光线的区域可以是第二电极005所在的区域。此处是以没有出射光线的区域(也即是第二电极005)的面积小于任一子像素的面积，并且具有出射光线的区域(也即是透射电极006)小于任一子像素的面积为例进行说明的。实际应用中，第二电极005的面积可以大于或等于任一子像素占的面积，透射电极006的面积也可以大于或等于任一子像素的面积，本公开的实施例对此不作限定。
响应于防窥组件00处于非防窥模式，向每个第二电极005施加与第一电极004不同的电压，并且向每个透射电极006施加与第一电极004相同的电压，或者不向第二电极005和透射电极006施加电压，而仅向第一电极004施加电压。此时，第一电极004与每个第二电极005、每个透射电极006之间的电压差均可以为预设压差，该预设压差的大小等于预设阈值，因此，第一电极004与每个第二电极005之间以及第一电极004与每个透射电极006之间均存在电场，液晶层003中的所有聚合物液晶颗粒均发生偏转。此时，防窥组件00可以如图13所示，光线从第一基板001射入液晶层003后，从液晶层003透射并从第二基板002射出。参见图13可知，无论光线以何种入射角射入液晶层003，都能够从液晶层003透射，也即是，从液晶层003射出的光线与该光线射入液晶层003的入射角无关。需要说明的是，当防窥组件00布置在显示装置上且防窥组件00处于图13所示的状态时，显示装置上所有区域都具有出射光线，因此，无论是从正视角或者侧视角观察显示装置，人眼都能够观察到如图10所示的清晰画面，此时，显示装置的视角较宽，实现了广角显示。
需要说明的是，在本公开的实施例提供的防窥组件00的条件下，响应于向第一电极004和多个第二电极005中的任一第二电极005施加相同电压，第一电极004与任一第二电极005之间的液晶用于使光线散射而无法从第二基板002射出，这相当于在第一电极004与任一 第二电极005之间形成了光吸收单元。此时，第一基板001与第二基板002之间形成多个以阵列方式排布的光吸收单元，如果第二电极005为条状电极，从整个防窥组件00来看，这些光吸收单元如同百叶窗一般，使观察者从两个侧视角(比如上侧视角和下侧视角)看到的是打散的雾态画面，在正视角和另外两个侧视角(比如左侧视角和右侧视角)看到的是正常的透射画面，从而实现了防窥的目的；而如果第二电极005为块状电极，从整个防窥组件00来看，这些光吸收单元如同纵横交错的百叶窗一般，使观察者从各个侧视角看到的都是打散的雾态画面，在正视角看到的是正常的透射画面，从而实现了全方位防窥的功能。在本公开的实施例中，可以通过改变第一基板001与第二基板002之间的距离，使防窥组件00既能够满足防窥要求，又能够满足薄型化要求。可选地，第一基板001与第二基板002之间的距离的范围可以为1～50um。
还需要说明的是，上述是以图4所示的防窥组件00为例对本公开提供的防窥组件的防窥原理进行说明的，图2、图3以及图5、图6的防窥组件00的防窥原理可以参考下述描述。
在防窥组件为图2所示的防窥组件00的条件下，由于向列相液晶显示为常白模式，因此，无需施加电压光线就可以通过向列相液晶所在的液晶层。此时，在防窥模式下，可以不向第一电极004和第二电极005施加电压，或者，向第一电极004和第二电极005施加相同电压，以此来实现防窥。在非防窥模式下，可以向第一电极004和第二电极005施加不同的电压，使第一电极004与第二电极005之间的聚合物液晶颗粒发生偏转，从而使得光线透过第一电极004与第二电极005的聚合物液晶从第二基板002射出，并且射入向列相液晶的光线直接透过向列相液晶从第二基板002射出。
在防窥组件为图3所示的防窥组件00的条件下，由于间隔区域与第一电极004之间不存在液晶，因此，射入间隔区域与第一电极004之间的光线能够直接从液晶层射出。此时，在防窥模式下，可以不向第一电极004和第二电极005施加电压，或者，向第一电极004和第二电极005施加相同电压，以此来实现防窥。在非防窥模式下，可以向第一电极004和第二电极005施加不同的电压，使第一电极004与第二电极005之间的聚合物液晶颗粒发生偏转，此时光线透过第一电 极004与第二电极005的聚合物液晶从第二基板002射出，并且射入间隔区域与第一电极004之间的光线直接从第二基板002射出。
在防窥组件为图5所示的防窥组件00的条件下，由于向列相液晶显示为常白模式，因此，向第一电极004与透射电极006施加相同电压或者无需施加电压光线就可以通过向列相液晶所在的液晶层。此时，在防窥模式下，可以不向第一电极004、第二电极005和透射电极006施加电压，或者，向第一电极004、第二电极005和透射电极006施加相同电压，以此来实现防窥；在非防窥模式下，可以向第一电极004和第二电极005施加不同的电压，向透射电极006施加与第一电极004相同电压，第一电极004与第二电极005之间的聚合物液晶颗粒发生偏转，光线透过第一电极004与第二电极005的聚合物液晶从第二基板002射出，同时，射入向列相液晶的光线直接透过向列相液晶从第二基板002射出。
在防窥组件为图6所示的防窥组件00的条件下，由于透射电极006与第一电极004之间不存在液晶，因此，射入透射电极006与第一电极004之间的光线能够直接从液晶层射出。此时，在防窥模式下，可以不向第一电极004、第二电极005和透射电极006施加电压，或者，向第一电极004、第二电极005和透射电极006施加相同电压，以此来实现防窥；在非防窥模式下，可以向第一电极004和第二电极005施加不同的电压，使第一电极004与第二电极005之间的聚合物液晶颗粒发生偏转，光线透过第一电极004与第二电极005的聚合物液晶从第二基板002射出，同时，射入透射电极006与第一电极004之间的光线直接从第二基板002射出。
综上所述，在本公开的实施例提供的防窥组件中，响应于第一电极和多个第二电极中的任一第二电极施加相同电压，第一电极与任一第二电极之间的液晶使光线散射，而响应于向第一电极和任一第二电极施加不同电压，第一电极与任一第二电极之间的液晶使光线透射。光线散射时可以进行防窥，光线透射时可以进行信息分享，因此通过施加电压使光线散射或透射，防窥组件可以满足不同的应用场合，解决了相关技术中防窥组件防窥的灵活性较低的问题，达到了提高防窥组件防窥的灵活性的效果。
本公开的实施例提供的防窥组件可以对显示装置的视角进行调节， 使显示装置的视角能够在窄视角和宽视角之间动态切换。在显示装置的视角处于窄视角时，从显示装置的正视角能够看见透明态画面而从显示装置的侧视角仅能够看见雾态画面，从而可以实现防窥。在显示装置的视角处于宽视角时，从显示装置的各个视角均能够看见透明态画面。因此，本公开的实施例提供的防窥组件可以根据应用场合选择是否防窥，提高了防窥的灵活性。
本公开的实施例提供的防窥组件如果处于防窥模式，从显示装置的各个侧视角观察到的均为雾态画面，因此，能够从显示装置的各个侧视角进行防窥，完美保护个人隐私。相比于现有技术中常见的防窥膜，本公开的实施例提供的防窥组件的耐候性好、信赖性高。
参考图14，其示出了本公开的实施例提供的一种防窥组件的制造方法的流程图，该防窥组件的制造方法可以用于制造图1至图6所示的防窥组件00。该防窥组件的制造方法包括：
步骤1401：提供第一基板和第二基板。
步骤1402：在第一基板上形成第一电极。
步骤1403：在第二基板上形成以阵列方式排布的多个第二电极。
步骤1404：将第一基板与第二基板相对布置，并且在第一基板与第二基板之间布置液晶层，其中第一电极位于第一基板的靠近液晶层的一侧，多个第二电极位于第二基板的靠近液晶层的一侧。
其中，响应于向第一电极和多个第二电极中的任一第二电极施加相同电压，第一电极与任一第二电极之间的液晶使光线散射，并且响应于向第一电极和任一第二电极施加不同电压，第一电极与任一第二电极之间的液晶用于使光线透射。
光线散射时可以进行防窥，光线透射时可以进行信息分享。以这种方式，可以通过施加电压使光线散射或透射，以满足不同的应用场合，从而解决了相关技术中防窥组件防窥的灵活性较低的问题，达到了提高防窥组件防窥的灵活性的效果。
参考图15-1，其示出了本公开的实施例提供的另一种防窥组件的制造方法的流程图，该防窥组件的制造方法可以用于制造图1至图6任一所示的防窥组件00。本实施例以制造图4所示的防窥组件00为例进行说明。在图4所示的防窥组件00中，液晶层003中的液晶为聚合物液晶。参见图15-1，该防窥组件的制造方法包括：
步骤1501：提供第一基板和第二基板。第一基板和第二基板均可以为透明基板，且具体可以是采用玻璃、石英、透明树脂等具有一定坚固性的导光且非金属材料制成的基板；或者，第一基板还可以是形成有一定图形的基板，本公开的实施例对此不作限定。
步骤1502：在第一基板上形成第一电极。参考图15-2，其示出了根据图15-1提供的方法制造的在其上形成有第一电极004的第一基板001，该第一电极004可以为板状电极、条状电极和块状电极中的任意一种，且该第一电极004可以采用氧化铟锡(英文：Indium Tin Oxide；简称：ITO)、氧化铟锌(英文：Indium zinc oxide；简称：IZO)等半导体氧化物制成。第一电极004的厚度可以根据实际需要布置，本公开的实施例对此不作限定。本公开的实施例以第一电极004为板状电极，且以采用ITO制作第一电极004为例进行说明。
作为示例，可以采用涂覆、磁控溅射、热蒸发或等离子体增强化学气相沉积法(英文：Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition；简称：PECVD)等方法在第一基板001上沉积一层ITO材料，得到ITO材质层，该ITO材质层即为板状的第一电极004。
需要说明的是，在第一电极004为条状电极或块状电极的条件下，在得到ITO材质层后，可以采用一次构图工艺对ITO材质层进行处理以得到第一电极004。一次构图工艺包括：光刻胶涂覆、曝光、显影、刻蚀和光刻胶剥离，因此，采用一次构图工艺对ITO材质层进行处理包括：在ITO材质层上涂覆一层光刻胶，然后采用掩膜版对光刻胶进行曝光，使光刻胶形成完全曝光区和非曝光区，之后采用显影工艺进行处理，使完全曝光区的光刻胶被去除，非曝光区的光刻胶保留，之后对完全曝光区在ITO材质层上的对应区域进行刻蚀，刻蚀完毕后剥离非曝光区的光刻胶即可得到第一电极004。此处是以采用正性光刻胶形成第一电极004为例进行说明的，实际应用中，还可以采用负性光刻胶形成第一电极004，本公开的实施例在此不再赘述。
步骤1503：在第二基板上形成以阵列方式排布的多个第二电极。参考图15-3，其示出了根据图15-1提供的方法制造的在其上形成有以阵列方式排布的多个第二电极005的第二基板002。该第二电极005可以为条状电极或块状电极，且该第一电极004可以采用ITO、IZO等半导体氧化物制成，第二电极005的厚度可以根据实际需要布置，本公 开的实施例对此不作限定。
示例地，可以采用涂覆、磁控溅射、热蒸发或PECVD等方法在第二基板002上沉积一层ITO材料，得到ITO材质层，然后采用一次构图工艺对ITO材质层进行处理以得到以阵列方式排布的多个第二电极005。一次构图工艺的过程可以参考步骤1502，本公开的实施例在此不再赘述。
步骤1504：在形成有多个第二电极的第二基板上形成以阵列方式排布的多个透射电极，使多个透射电极与多个第二电极交错排布。参考图15-4，其示出了根据图15-1所示的方法制造的形成有多个第二电极005的第二基板002，在其上进一步形成以阵列方式排布的多个透射电极006，该透射电极006的形状与第二电极004的形状相同，也即是，该透射电极006为条状电极或块状电极。参见图15-4，该多个透射电极006与多个第二电极005交错排布，该透射电极006可以采用ITO、IZO等半导体氧化物制成，且透射电极006的厚度可以根据实际需要布置。在形成有多个第二电极004的第二基板002上形成以阵列方式排布的多个透射电极006的过程可以参考步骤1503，本公开的实施例在此不再赘述。
步骤1505：将第一基板与第二基板相对布置，并在第一基板与第二基板之间布置液晶层，使第一电极位于第一基板靠近液晶层的一侧，多个第二电极位于第二基板靠近液晶层的一侧。
将第一基板与第二基板相对布置后的结构示意图可以参考图4，第一基板001与第二基板002之间形成有液晶层003，且第一电极004位于第一基板001靠近液晶层003的一侧，多个第二电极005位于第二基板002靠近液晶层003的一侧，该液晶层003中的液晶可以为聚合物液晶。具体地，可以在第一基板001形成有第一电极004的一面的周边区域布置封胶框，然后采用滴注工艺在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上由封胶框围成的空间内滴注聚合物液晶得到液晶层003，之后将第一基板001形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置并压合，得到如图4所示的防窥组件00。或者，还可以先将第一基板001与第二基板002相对布置，然后再采用微腔灌注工艺在第一基板001与第二基板002之间布置液晶层003，得到如图4所示的防窥组件00，本公开的实施例对此对此不作限 定。
需要说明的是，本公开的实施例是以制造图4所示的防窥组件00为例进行说明的，本公开的实施例提供的防窥组件的制造方法还可以用于制造图1至图3以及图5和图6中任一所示的防窥组件00，且针对第二电极005与透射电极006的形状的不同，本公开的实施例可以采用不同的方式来制造防窥组件00。
在防窥组件00为图2所示的防窥组件00的条件下，可以通过上述步骤1501至步骤1503以及本步骤1505来制造防窥组件00。此时，如果第二电极005为条状电极，在步骤1505中，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成长条状且以阵列方式排布的多个微腔，使该多个微腔与多个第二电极005一一对应，且任一微腔的长度方向与任一第二电极005的长度方向平行；然后将第一基板001的形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002的形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置；最后采用微腔灌注工艺在每个微腔中灌注聚合物液晶，以及在任意相邻的两个微腔之间灌注向列相液晶，以得到如图2所示的防窥组件00。或者，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成长条状且以阵列方式排布的多个微腔，使该多个微腔与多个间隔区域一一对应，且任一微腔的长度方向与任一第二电极005的长度方向平行；然后将第一基板001的形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002的形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置；最后采用微腔灌注工艺在每个微腔中灌注向列相液晶，以及在任意相邻的两个微腔之间灌注聚合物液晶，以得到如图2所示的防窥组件00。或者，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成长条状且连续排布的多个微腔，使该多个微腔与多个第二电极005以及多个间隔区域一一对应(也即是每个微腔对应一个第二电极005或一个间隔区域)，且任一微腔的长度方向与任一第二电极005的长度方向平行，然后将第一基板001的形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002的形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置，最后采用微腔灌注工艺在每个第二电极005与第一电极004之间的微腔中灌注聚合物液晶，以及在每个间隔区域与第一电极004之间的微腔中灌注向列相液晶，以得到如图2所示的防窥组件00。
在该示例中，如果第二电极005为块状电极，在步骤1505中，可 以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成矩阵状排布的多个微腔，使每个微腔在第一基板001上的正投影为块状，且使多个微腔与多个第二电极005一一对应；然后采用微腔灌注工艺，在每个微腔中灌注聚合物液晶，并且在每相邻的两个微腔之间灌注向列相液晶，之后将第一基板001的形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002的形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置并压合，从而得到如图2所示的防窥组件00。或者，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成矩阵状排布的多个微腔，使每个微腔在第一基板001上的正投影为块状，且使多个微腔与多个间隔区域一一对应；然后采用微腔灌注工艺，在每个微腔中灌注向列相液晶，并且在每相邻的两个微腔之间灌注聚合物液晶，之后将第一基板001形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置并压合，以得到如图2所示的防窥组件00。或者，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成连续的多个微腔，使该多个微腔与多个第二电极005以及多个间隔区域一一对应(也即是每个微腔对应一个第二电极005或一个间隔区域)，然后采用微腔灌注工艺，在第一电极004与每个第二电极005之间的微腔中灌注聚合物液晶，并且在第一电极004与每个间隔区域之间的微腔中灌注向列相液晶，之后将第一基板001形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置并压合，得到如图2所示的防窥组件00。
在防窥组件00为图3所示的防窥组件00条件下，可以通过上述步骤1501至步骤1503以及本步骤1505来制造防窥组件00。如果第二电极005为条状电极，在步骤1505中，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成长条状且以阵列方式排布的多个微腔，使该多个微腔与多个第二电极005一一对应，且任一微腔的长度方向与任一第二电极005的长度方向平行；然后将第一基板001形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置；最后采用微腔灌注工艺在每个微腔中灌注聚合物液晶，且使每相邻的两个微腔之间为真空环境，以得到如图3所示的防窥组件00。或者，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成长条状且以阵列方式排布的多个微腔，使该多个微腔与多个间隔区域一一对应，且任一微腔的长度方向与任一第二电极005的长度方向平行；然后将第一基板 001的形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002的形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置，最后采用微腔灌注工艺在每相邻的两个微腔之间灌注聚合物液晶，且使每个微腔中为真空环境，得到如图3所示的防窥组件00。或者，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成长条状且连续排布的多个微腔，使多个微腔与多个第二电极005以及多个间隔区域一一对应(也即是每个微腔对应一个第二电极005或一个间隔区域)，且任一微腔的长度方向与任一第二电极005的长度方向平行；然后将第一基板001的形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002的形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置；最后采用微腔灌注工艺在每个第二电极005与第一电极004之间的微腔中灌注聚合物液晶，并使每个间隔区域与第一电极004之间的微腔中为真空环境，得到如图3所示的防窥组件00。
在该示例中，如果第二电极005为块状电极，在步骤1505中，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成矩阵状排布的多个微腔，使该多个微腔与多个第二电极005一一对应；然后采用微腔灌注工艺，在每个微腔中灌注聚合物液晶，且使第一电极004与每个间隔区域之间为真空环境；之后将第一基板001的形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002的形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置并压合，得到如图3所示的防窥组件00。或者，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成矩阵状排布的多个微腔，使该多个微腔与多个间隔区域一一对应；然后采用微腔灌注工艺，在每相邻的两个微腔之间灌注聚合物液晶，且使每个微腔中为真空环境；之后将第一基板001形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置并压合，得到如图3所示的防窥组件00。或者，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成连续排布的多个微腔，使该多个微腔与多个第二电极005以及多个间隔区域一一对应(也即是每个微腔对应一个第二电极005或一个间隔区域)；然后采用微腔灌注工艺，在第一电极004与每个第二电极005之间的微腔中灌注聚合物液晶，并使第一电极004与每个间隔区域之间的微腔中为真空环境；之后将第一基板001的形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002的形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置并压合，得到如图3所示的防窥组件00。
在防窥组件00为图5所示的防窥组件00的条件下，可以通过上述步骤1501至步骤1504以及本步骤1505来制造防窥组件00。如果第二电极005为条状电极，在步骤1505中，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成长条状且以阵列方式排布的多个微腔，使该多个微腔与多个第二电极005一一对应，且任一微腔的长度方向与任一第二电极005的长度方向平行；然后将第一基板001的形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002的形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置；最后采用微腔灌注工艺在每个微腔中灌注聚合物液晶，在任意相邻的两个微腔之间灌注向列相液晶，得到如图5所示的防窥组件00。或者，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成长条状且以阵列方式排布的多个微腔，使该多个微腔多个透射电极006一一对应，且任一微腔的长度方向与任一第二电极005的长度方向平行；然后将第一基板001的形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002的形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置；最后采用微腔灌注工艺在每个微腔中灌注向列相液晶，在任意相邻的两个微腔之间灌注聚合物液晶，得到如图5所示的防窥组件00。或者，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成长条状且连续排布的多个微腔，使该多个微腔与多个第二电极005以及多个透射电极006一一对应(也即是每个微腔对应一个第二电极005或一个透射电极006)，且任一微腔的长度方向与任一第二电极005的长度方向平行；然后将第一基板001的形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002的形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置；最后采用微腔灌注工艺在每个第二电极005与第一电极004之间的微腔中灌注聚合物液晶，并且在每个透射电极006与第一电极004之间的微腔中灌注向列相液晶，得到如图5所示的防窥组件00。
在该示例中，如果第二电极005为块状电极，在步骤1505中，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成矩阵状排布的多个微腔，使每个微腔在第一基板001上的正投影为块状，且使多个微腔与多个第二电极005一一对应；然后采用微腔灌注工艺，在每个微腔中灌注聚合物液晶，在每相邻的两个微腔之间灌注向列相液晶；之后将第一基板001的形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002的形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置并压合，得到如图5所示的防窥组件00。或者，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成矩阵 状排布的多个微腔，使每个微腔在第一基板001上的正投影为块状，且使多个微腔与多个透射电极006一一对应；然后采用微腔灌注工艺，在每个微腔中灌注向列相液晶，在每相邻的两个微腔之间灌注聚合物液晶；之后将第一基板001的形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002的形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置并压合，得到如图5所示的防窥组件00。或者，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成连续排布的多个微腔，使该多个微腔与多个第二电极005以及多个透射电极006一一对应(也即是每个微腔对应一个第二电极005或一个透射电极006)；然后采用微腔灌注工艺，在第一电极004与每个第二电极005之间的微腔中灌注聚合物液晶，在第一电极004与每个透射电极006之间的微腔中灌注向列相液晶；之后将第一基板001的形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002的形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置并压合，得到如图5所示的防窥组件00。
在防窥组件00为图6所示的防窥组件00的条件下，可以通过上述步骤1501至步骤1503以及本步骤1505来制造防窥组件00。如果第二电极005为条状电极，在步骤1505中，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成长条状且以阵列方式排布的多个微腔，使该多个微腔与多个第二电极005一一对应，且任一微腔的长度方向与任一第二电极005的长度方向平行；然后将第一基板001的形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002的形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置；最后采用微腔灌注工艺在每个微腔中灌注聚合物液晶，且使每相邻的两个微腔之间为真空环境，得到如图6所示的防窥组件00。或者，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成长条状且以阵列方式排布的多个微腔，使该多个微腔与多个透射电极006一一对应，且任一微腔的长度方向与任一第二电极005的长度方向平行；然后将第一基板001的形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002的形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置；最后采用微腔灌注工艺在每相邻的两个微腔之间灌注聚合物液晶，且使每个微腔中为真空环境，得到如图6所示的防窥组件00。或者，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成长条状且连续排布的多个微腔，使多个微腔与多个第二电极005以及多个透射电极006一一对应(也即是每个微腔对应一个第二电极005或一个透射电极006)，且任一微腔的长度方向与任一第二电极 005的长度方向平行；然后将第一基板001的形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002的形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置；最后采用微腔灌注工艺在每个第二电极005与第一电极004之间的微腔中灌注聚合物液晶，并使每个透射电极006与第一电极004之间的微腔中为真空环境，得到如图6所示的防窥组件00。
在该示例中，如果第二电极005为块状电极，在步骤1505中，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成矩阵状排布的多个微腔，使该多个微腔与多个第二电极005一一对应；然后采用微腔灌注工艺，在每个微腔中灌注聚合物液晶，且使第一电极004与每个透射电极006之间为真空环境；之后将第一基板001的形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002的形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置并压合，得到如图6所示的防窥组件00。或者，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成矩阵状排布的多个微腔，使该多个微腔与多个透射电极006一一对应；然后采用微腔灌注工艺，在每相邻的两个微腔之间灌注聚合物液晶，且使每个微腔中为真空环境；之后将第一基板001的形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002的形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置并压合，得到如图6所示的防窥组件00。或者，可以先在形成有第一电极004的第一基板001上形成连续排布的多个微腔，使该多个微腔与多个第二电极005以及多个透射电极006一一对应(也即是每个微腔对应一个第二电极005或一个透射电极006)；然后采用微腔灌注工艺，在第一电极004与每个第二电极005之间的微腔中灌注聚合物液晶，并使第一电极004与每个透射电极006之间的微腔中为真空环境；之后将第一基板001的形成有第一电极004的一面与第二基板002的形成有第二电极005的一面相对布置并压合，得到如图6所示的防窥组件00。
需要说明的是，在图1至图6任一所示的防窥组件00中，响应于向第一电极004和多个第二电极005中的任一第二电极005施加相同电压，第一电极004与任一第二电极005之间的液晶使光线散射，并且响应于向第一电极004和任一第二电极005施加不同电压，第一电极004与任一第二电极005之间的液晶使光线透射。在图1、图4或图5所示的防窥组件00中，响应于在向第一电极004和多个透射电极006中的任一透射电极006施加不同电压，第一电极004与任一透射电极 006之间的液晶用于使光线透射。
在本公开的实施例提供的防窥组件的制造方法中，即使不在第二基板上布置透射电极，同样可以实现防窥组件的防窥，所以该防窥组件的制造方法可以减少生产工序和生产成本。
图16示出了本公开的实施例提供的一种防窥组件的控制方法的流程图，该控制方法可以用于控制图1至图6任一所示的防窥组件00。该控制方法包括：
步骤1601：响应于防窥组件处于防窥模式，向防窥组件的第一电极和防窥组件的多个第二电极施加相同电压，使第一电极与多个第二电极中的每个第二电极之间的液晶将光线散射。
步骤1602：响应于防窥组件处于非防窥模式，向防窥组件的第一电极和防窥组件的多个第二电极施加不同电压，使第一电极与多个第二电极中的每个第二电极之间的液晶将光线透射。
图17示出了本公开的实施例提供的另一种防窥组件的控制方法的流程图，该防窥组件的控制方法可以用于控制图1至图6任一所示的防窥组件00。本公开的实施例以控制图4所示的防窥组件00为例进行说明，在图4所示的防窥组件00中，液晶层003中的液晶为聚合物液晶。该方法包括：
步骤1701：响应于防窥组件处于防窥模式，向防窥组件的第一电极和防窥组件的多个第二电极施加相同电压，使第一电极与多个第二电极中的每个第二电极之间的液晶将光线散射，并且向第一电极和防窥组件的多个透射电极施加不同电压，使第一电极与多个透射电极中的每个透射电极之间的液晶将光线透射。
作为示例，参见图4，可以向第一电极004和多个第二电极005中的每个第二电极005分别施加第一电压，向多个透射电极006中的每个透射电极006分别施加第二电压，使第一电极004与每个第二电极005之间的电压差为0，第一电极004与每个透射电极006之间的电压差为预设压差，第一电极004与每个第二电极005之间的聚合物液晶处于初始状态。此时，第一电极004与每个透射电极006之间的聚合物液晶在预设压差下偏转使光线透射，处于初始状态的聚合物液晶用于使光线散射。可选地，第一电压和第二电压中的任一电压包括幅值等于0的电压，施加幅值等于0的电压相当于未施加电压。
步骤1702：响应于防窥组件处于非防窥模式，向防窥组件的第一电极和防窥组件的多个第二电极施加不同电压，使第一电极与多个第二电极中的每个第二电极之间的液晶将光线透射，并且向第一电极和防窥组件的多个透射电极施加不同电压，使第一电极与多个透射电极中的每个透射电极之间的液晶将光线透射。
作为示例，参见图4，可以向第一电极004施加第一电压，向多个第二电极005中的每个第二电极005以及多个透射电极006中的每个透射电极006分别施加第二电压，使第一电极004与每个第二电极005之间的电压差以及第一电极004与每个透射电极006之间的电压差为预设压差，液晶层003中的所有聚合物液晶在预设压差的作用下偏转将光线透射。可选地，第一电压和第二电压中的任一电压包括幅值等于0的电压，其中，施加幅值等于0的电压相当于未施加电压。
需要说明的是，该步骤1702中的第一电压与步骤1701中的第一电压可以相同或不同，步骤1702中的第二电压与步骤1701中的第二电压可以相同或不同，本公开的实施例对此不作限定。
还需要说明的是，以上实施例是以控制图4所示的防窥组件00为例进行说明的，图1至图3以及图5和图6中任一所示的防窥组件00的控制过程可以参考图4所示实施例。但是，应当指出的是，由于向列相液晶显示为常白模式，处于初始状态的向列相液晶也能够使光线透射，因此，无论是否施加电压或者是否具有电压差，光线均能够透过图2以及图5所示的向列相液晶0032。此外，图3中的第一电极004与间隔区域(相邻两个第二电极005时间的间隔区域)之间为真空环境，图6中的第一电极004与透射电极006之间为真空环境，因而，无论是否施加电压或者是否具有电压差，光线均能够透过第一电极004与间隔区域之间的液晶层以及第一电极004与透射电极006之间的液晶层。
本公开的实施例还提供了一种显示装置，该显示装置包括显示面板和图1至图6任一所示的防窥组件00。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过硬件来完成，也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
以上所述仅为本公开的可选实施例，并不用以限制本公开，凡在本公开的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种防窥组件，包括：
    相对布置的第一基板和第二基板；以及
    位于所述第一基板与所述第二基板之间的液晶层；
    其中，所述第一基板靠近所述液晶层的一侧布置有第一电极，以及所述第二基板靠近所述液晶层的一侧布置有以阵列方式排布的多个第二电极；
    以及其中，响应于向所述第一电极和所述多个第二电极中的任一第二电极施加相同电压，所述第一电极与所述任一第二电极之间的液晶使光线散射，并且响应于向所述第一电极和所述任一第二电极施加不同电压，所述第一电极与所述任一第二电极之间的液晶使光线透射。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防窥组件，其中，
    在所述第二基板的靠近所述液晶层的一侧还布置有以阵列方式排布的多个透射电极，所述多个透射电极与所述多个第二电极交错排布。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的防窥组件，其中，所述多个第二电极中每两个相邻的第二电极之间存在间隔区域。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的防窥组件，其中，所述液晶层中的液晶为聚合物液晶。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的防窥组件，其中，所述第一电极与所述多个第二电极中的每个第二电极之间的液晶为聚合物液晶，并且所述第一电极与所述多个透射电极中的每个透射电极之间的液晶为向列相液晶，或者所述第一电极与所述多个透射电极中的每个透射电极之间不存在液晶。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的防窥组件，其中，所述第一电极与所述多个第二电极中的每个第二电极之间的液晶为聚合物液晶，并且所述第一电极与每个所述间隔区域之间的液晶为向列相液晶，或者所述第一电极与每个所述间隔区域之间不存在液晶。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的防窥组件，其中，
    所述第一电极为板状电极、条状电极和块状电极中的任意一种；
    所述第二电极为条状电极或块状电极。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的防窥组件，其中所述透射电极的形状与 所述第二电极的形状相同。
  9. 一种防窥组件的制造方法，包括：
    提供第一基板和第二基板；
    在所述第一基板上形成第一电极；
    在所述第二基板上形成以阵列方式排布的多个第二电极；
    将所述第一基板与所述第二基板相对布置并且在所述第一基板与所述第二基板之间布置液晶层，其中，所述第一电极位于所述第一基板的靠近所述液晶层的一侧，所述多个第二电极位于所述第二基板的靠近所述液晶层的一侧；
    其中，响应于向所述第一电极和所述多个第二电极中的任一第二电极施加相同电压，所述第一电极与所述任一第二电极之间的液晶使光线散射，并且响应于向所述第一电极和所述任一第二电极施加不同电压，所述第一电极与所述任一第二电极之间的液晶使光线透射。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，还包括：在所述第二基板上形成以阵列方式排布的多个第二电极之后：
    在形成有所述多个第二电极的第二基板上形成以阵列方式排布的多个透射电极，使得所述多个透射电极与所述多个第二电极交错排布。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述液晶层中的液晶为聚合物液晶。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述第一电极与所述多个第二电极中的每个第二电极之间的液晶为聚合物液晶，并且所述第一电极与所述多个透射电极中的每个透射电极之间的液晶为向列相液晶，或者所述第一电极与所述多个透射电极中的每个透射电极之间不存在液晶。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，还包括：所述多个第二电极中每两个相邻的第二电极之间布置间隔区域，其中所述第一电极与所述多个第二电极中的每个第二电极之间的液晶为聚合物液晶，并且所述第一电极与每个所述间隔区域之间的液晶为向列相液晶，或者所述第一电极与每个所述间隔区域之间不存在液晶。
  14. 根据权利要求9至12任一所述的方法，其中，在所述第一基板与所述第二基板之间布置液晶层包括：
    采用微腔灌注工艺在所述第一基板与所述第二基板之间布置液晶 层。
  15. 一种用于控制权利要求1至8任一所述的防窥组件的方法，包括：
    响应于所述防窥组件处于防窥模式，向所述防窥组件的第一电极和所述防窥组件的多个第二电极施加相同电压，使得所述第一电极与所述多个第二电极中的每个第二电极之间的液晶将光线散射；以及
    响应于所述防窥组件处于非防窥模式，向所述防窥组件的第一电极和所述防窥组件的多个第二电极施加不同电压，使得所述第一电极与所述多个第二电极中的每个第二电极之间的液晶将光线透射。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中，在所述第二基板的靠近所述液晶层的一侧还布置有以阵列方式排布的多个透射电极，所述多个透射电极与所述多个第二电极交错排布，所述方法还包括：
    向所述第一电极和所述防窥组件的多个透射电极施加不同电压，使得所述第一电极与所述多个透射电极中的每个透射电极之间的液晶将光线透射。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其中，响应于所述防窥组件处于所述防窥模式，向所述防窥组件的第一电极和所述防窥组件的多个第二电极施加相同电压，使得所述第一电极与所述多个第二电极中的每个第二电极之间的液晶将光线散射，包括：
    向所述第一电极和所述多个第二电极中的每个第二电极分别施加第一电压，使得所述第一电极与所述每个第二电极之间的电压差为0，所述第一电极与所述每个第二电极之间的液晶处于初始状态以使光线散射；以及
    所述向所述第一电极和所述防窥组件的多个透射电极施加不同电压，使得所述第一电极与所述多个透射电极中的每个透射电极之间的液晶将光线透射，包括：
    向所述第一电极施加所述第一电压，向所述多个透射电极中的每个透射电极分别施加第二电压，使得所述第一电极与所述每个透射电极之间的电压差为预设压差，所述第一电极与所述每个透射电极之间的液晶在所述预设压差下偏转以将光线透射。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其中，响应于所述防窥组件处于所述非防窥模式，所述向所述防窥组件的第一电极和所述防窥组件 的多个第二电极施加不同电压，使得所述第一电极与所述多个第二电极中的每个第二电极之间的液晶将光线透射，包括：
    向所述第一电极施加第一电压，向所述多个第二电极中的每个第二电极分别施加第二电压，使得所述第一电极与所述每个第二电极之间的电压差为预设压差，所述第一电极与所述每个第二电极之间的液晶在所述预设压差的作用下偏转将光线透射；
    所述向所述第一电极和所述防窥组件的多个透射电极施加不同电压，使得所述第一电极与所述多个透射电极中的每个透射电极之间的液晶将光线透射，包括：
    向所述第一电极施加所述第一电压，向所述多个透射电极中的每个透射电极分别施加所述第二电压，使得所述第一电极与所述每个透射电极之间的电压差为预设压差，所述第一电极与所述每个透射电极之间的液晶在所述预设压差的作用下偏转将光线透射。
  19. 一种显示装置，包括：显示面板和权利要求1至8任一所述的防窥组件。
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