+

WO2018198881A1 - Well closing device and temporary well closing method - Google Patents

Well closing device and temporary well closing method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018198881A1
WO2018198881A1 PCT/JP2018/015857 JP2018015857W WO2018198881A1 WO 2018198881 A1 WO2018198881 A1 WO 2018198881A1 JP 2018015857 W JP2018015857 W JP 2018015857W WO 2018198881 A1 WO2018198881 A1 WO 2018198881A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mandrel
well
setting
obstacle
downhole plug
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2018/015857
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
吉田 博明
卓磨 小林
Original Assignee
株式会社クレハ
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社クレハ filed Critical 株式会社クレハ
Priority to US16/480,043 priority Critical patent/US20200149368A1/en
Priority to CN201880006042.2A priority patent/CN110168190A/en
Priority to GB1910253.2A priority patent/GB2575557B/en
Priority to RU2019122321A priority patent/RU2717466C1/en
Priority to CA3050226A priority patent/CA3050226C/en
Publication of WO2018198881A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018198881A1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12Packers; Plugs
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12Packers; Plugs
    • E21B33/128Packers; Plugs with a member expanded radially by axial pressure
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E21B23/06Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for setting packers
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/13Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
    • E21B33/134Bridging plugs
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12Packers; Plugs
    • E21B33/129Packers; Plugs with mechanical slips for hooking into the casing
    • E21B33/1293Packers; Plugs with mechanical slips for hooking into the casing with means for anchoring against downward and upward movement

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a well closing device used in a well recovery method (Enhanced Oil Recovery) performed to produce hydrocarbon resources such as oil or natural gas, and a method of temporary well blocking using the same.
  • Enhanced Oil Recovery Enhanced Oil Recovery
  • the “fracturing method” or “hydraulic fracturing method” is one of the enhanced recovery methods for hydrocarbon resources.
  • a deep underground production layer oil such as shale oil or natural gas such as shale gas
  • It is a method of generating cracks in the layer that produces hydrocarbon resources such as.
  • fracturing is performed by closing the next predetermined section (usually, a section before the preceding section, that is, a section on the ground side). Thereafter, this process is repeated until the necessary sealing and fracturing are completed.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a downhole plug for well excavation (hereinafter, simply referred to as “plug”), specifically, a mandrel (main body) having a hollow portion in the axial direction, and Along the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface perpendicular to the axial direction of the mandrel, the ring or annular member (annular member), the first conical member (slip) and the slip are formed from an elastomer or rubber, etc.
  • a plug comprising a malleable element, a second conical member and a slip, and an anti-rotation mechanism.
  • the blocking of the well hole by the downhole plug for well drilling is as follows.
  • the gap between the ring or the annular member and the detent mechanism is reduced.
  • the slip comes into contact with the inclined surface of the conical member and advances along the conical member, and the slip expands radially outward and comes into contact with the inner wall of the well and is fixed to the well.
  • the malleable element expands and deforms and abuts against the inner wall of the well hole to close the well hole, thereby blocking the well hole.
  • the mandrel has a hollow portion in the axial direction, and a well or the like can be sealed by setting a ball or the like on the hollow portion.
  • the material for forming the plug examples include metal materials (aluminum, steel, stainless steel, etc.), fibers, wood, composite materials, plastics, and the like, preferably composite materials containing a reinforcing material such as carbon fiber, especially It is described that the composite material contains a polymer such as an epoxy resin or a phenol resin, and that the mandrel is formed of aluminum or a composite material. On the other hand, it is described that a material that decomposes by temperature, pressure, pH (acid, base) or the like can be used for the ball or the like in addition to the materials described above.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a packer assembly for well excavation in which each packer is detachably connected to an adjacent packer.
  • Patent Document 3 a mandrel having a hollow portion in the axial direction, and a slip, a slip wedge, and an elastic packer element along the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the mandrel , And an extrusion limiter and the like are described.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses a disposable downhole tool (which means a downhole plug or the like) or a member thereof containing a degradable material that decomposes when exposed to an environment in a well.
  • degradable materials degradable polymers such as aliphatic polyesters such as polylactic acid are disclosed.
  • a cylindrical body part having a flow hole in the axial direction (tubular body) and a peripheral surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the cylindrical body part are provided along the axial direction.
  • a combination of a packer element assembly consisting of an upper sealing element, a central sealing element and a lower sealing element, and a slip and a mechanical slip body is described. Further, it is disclosed that a flow of only one direction of fluid is allowed by setting a ball in the flow hole of the cylindrical main body part.
  • Patent Document 4 discloses a downhole plug having a flag plug, a mandrel that exists in the axial direction of the flag plug and has a hollow portion, and a setting rod that passes through the hollow portion of the mandrel.
  • the setting rod disclosed in Patent Document 4 is connected to the front end of the downhole plug.
  • a downhole plug having an opening in the center and having a seat for receiving an obstacle is used.
  • a downhole plug with a ball bowl seat is used.
  • To close the borehole use a setting tool to place the downhole plug in place. Activate the hole plug. Thereafter, an obstacle is supplied and arranged on the seat of the downhole plug to close the opening of the seat, thereby completing the closing of the well hole (for example, Patent Document 5).
  • a high pressure is required to supply and place a ball of a predetermined size from the ground to the ball seat of the downhole plug installed in the underground reaching a depth of 1000 to 5000 m. It is necessary to transport the ball over a certain amount of time due to the water flow. At this time, since the high-pressure water flow is used, the ball may be deformed due to collision with the well wall during transportation, or damage such as cracking or chipping may occur, thereby impairing the sealing performance.
  • Patent Document 6 discloses a mandrel that exists in the axial direction of the flack plug, and a cylindrical metallic sleeve installed inside the mandrel, and the metallic sleeve contains a ball. A downhole plug is described.
  • the downhole plugs are sequentially arranged in the well until the well is completed, but it is necessary to remove these at the stage where the recovery of hydrocarbon resources is started.
  • Plugs are usually not designed to be unblocked and recovered after use, so they can be removed by breaking or drilling, or breaking into small pieces, And it is necessary to spend a lot of money and time for drilling.
  • plugs that can be recovered after use (retrievable plug), but since the plugs are deep underground, it takes a lot of money and time to recover all of them. I need it.
  • the problem of the present invention is that the mining conditions such as deepening are becoming increasingly severe and diverse, and an obstacle that blocks the flow path of the downhole plug can be reliably supplied in a short time.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a well closing device and a method for temporarily closing a well using the well closing device.
  • the present inventors have included an obstacle that blocks the flow path of the downhole plug in the setting tool used for installing the downhole plug.
  • the present invention has been completed by finding that the problem can be solved by providing an obstacle to the downhole plug in a short time and in a state in which the damage is suppressed without being thrown in.
  • a device for closing a well which is a downhole plug, a setting tool that is disposed on the rear end side of the downhole plug, and operates and installs the downhole plug,
  • One or more obstacles that block the flow path of the downhole plug wherein the downhole plug includes a hollow mandrel that is open at least at a rear end, and the setting tool includes a front end of the mandrel.
  • the setting tool of the present invention itself or a part thereof may be called an adapter kit, and the adapter kit includes a setting rod and a setting sleeve.
  • front end and rear end in this specification refer to the front and rear ends in the direction in which the downhole plug advances from the well entrance to the well. Further, “front end side” and “rear end side” refer to the front and rear of the midpoint of the length in the long axis direction.
  • a downhole plug ; a setting tool disposed on a rear end side of the downhole plug for operating and installing the downhole plug; and one or more obstacles for closing the flow path of the downhole plug;
  • the downhole plug includes a hollow mandrel having at least a rear end opened, and the setting tool is on a front end side of the mandrel.
  • a setting rod that is directly or indirectly connected to the setting rod, and a setting sleeve that is shaped to cover part or all of the setting rod and at least a part of the downhole plug.
  • a well closing device including a setting tool and a downhole plug
  • an obstacle that closes the flow path of the downhole plug is included in the setting tool close to the downhole plug, thereby increasing the depth, etc.
  • a well closing device that can supply obstacles to the downhole plug in a short time and safely.
  • a method for temporarily closing a well using the well closing device can be provided.
  • FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows one specific example of the well closure apparatus of this invention. It is a schematic front sectional view showing a specific example of the well closing device of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the external appearance of the flap plug which is a specific example of the downhole plug contained in the well closure apparatus of this invention.
  • (A) is a schematic front sectional view showing a flack plug which is a specific example of a downhole plug included in the well closure device of the present invention
  • B) is a diagram of a downhole plug of (A). It is a rough front sectional view showing the state where it was installed and fixed in the well.
  • (A) is a figure which shows the cross section of the circumferential direction of what cut off a part of setting rod of FIG.
  • the present invention relates to a downhole plug, a setting tool for installing the downhole plug, a well closing device including an obstacle for closing the flow path of the downhole plug, and a method for temporarily closing a well using the same.
  • a well closing device and a closing method according to the present invention will be described.
  • the well closure device of the present embodiment includes a downhole plug 1, a setting tool 2, and an obstacle 3 for closing the flow path of the downhole plug.
  • FIG. 1 is a specific example of means for solving the problems of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the well closing device of the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • a downhole plug is a device installed in a well hole to close a part of a well and is called a flack plug, a bridge plug, or a packer.
  • the downhole plug has at least one mandrel and one or more members mounted on an outer peripheral surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the mandrel.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the external appearance of the flap plug 1 is shown in FIG.
  • the flap plug 1 includes a mandrel 11 and a member attached on an outer peripheral surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the mandrel 11.
  • Mandrel The mandrel 11 included in the flack plug 1 is a member that has a substantially circular cross section and is sufficiently long with respect to the diameter of the cross section, and basically ensures the strength of the flack plug 1.
  • the diameter of the cross section of the mandrel 11 is appropriately selected according to the size of the well hole. When the diameter is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the well hole, the flack plug 1 can move in the well hole.
  • the diameter of the mandrel 11 and the inner diameter of the well hole have a difference in diameter that allows the well hole to be closed by expanding the diameter of the annular rubber member 15 that can be expanded as described later.
  • the length of the mandrel 11 is, for example, about 5 to 20 times the diameter of the cross section, but is not limited thereto. Usually, the diameter of the cross section of the mandrel 11 is in the range of about 5 to 30 cm.
  • the mandrel 11 may be solid, but the mandrel 11 is a hollow mandrel having at least part of a hollow portion along the axial direction from the viewpoint of securing a flow path in the initial stage of fracturing and reducing the weight of the mandrel. It is preferable. That is, the hollow portion may penetrate the mandrel 11 along the axial direction, or may not penetrate the mandrel 11 along the axial direction. In addition, when the flack plug 1 is pushed and transferred into the well using a fluid, the mandrel 11 preferably has a hollow portion along the axial direction.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the mandrel 11 defines the diameter (outer diameter) of the mandrel 11 and the outer diameter of the hollow portion (corresponding to the inner diameter of the mandrel 11). It is an annular shape formed by two concentric circles.
  • the ratio of the diameters of the two concentric circles that is, the ratio of the outer diameter of the hollow portion to the diameter of the mandrel 11 is preferably 0.7 or less. Since the size of this ratio is in contradiction with the size of the thickness of the hollow mandrel 11 with respect to the diameter of the mandrel 11, determining the upper limit of the ratio determines the preferable lower limit of the thickness of the hollow mandrel.
  • the ratio of the outer diameter of the hollow portion to the diameter of the mandrel 11 is more preferably 0.6 or less, and even more preferably 0.5 or less.
  • the diameter of the mandrel 11 and the outer diameter of the hollow portion may be uniform along the axial direction of the mandrel 11, but may vary along the axial direction. That is, by changing the outer diameter of the mandrel 11 along the axial direction, a convex part, a step part, a flange part, a concave part (groove part) on the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel 11 and a thread part (usually a male screw structure). ) Or a bent portion such as a meshing portion of a ratchet mechanism to be described later.
  • the inner peripheral surface of the mandrel 11 has a convex portion, a step portion, a groove portion, and a screw portion (a male screw structure or a female screw). It is good also as what has bending parts, such as a structure. Further, the bent portion may have a tapered portion.
  • the well closing device is a space formed by the inner wall of the setting sleeve, the setting rod, and the rear end of the mandrel (hereinafter, this space may be referred to as “a space in the setting tool”). Since the obstacle is disposed on the rear end, the rear end of the mandrel may be cut out so that the obstacle can be disposed.
  • the shape of the notch is preferably substantially the same as the surface shape of the obstacle.
  • the convex portion, stepped portion, flange portion and concave portion (groove portion) that can be provided on the outer peripheral surface or inner peripheral surface of the mandrel 11 can also be used as a support portion when the flack plug 1 is transferred in the well, It can also be used as a part for attaching or fixing another member to the outer peripheral surface or inner peripheral surface of the mandrel 11.
  • the mandrel 11 when the mandrel 11 has a hollow part, it can be set as the seat surface holding the obstruction
  • the hollow portion of the mandrel 11 is present at least at the rear end, the mandrel 11 is in an open state.
  • the opening By using the opening as a seat that can hold the obstacle, the obstacle can be more securely seated. As a result, the flow path can be blocked more reliably.
  • seat not only the opening part of the mandrel 11 may be made into a sheet
  • the size of the opening in the seat (ball seat) of the downhole plug is appropriately selected to prevent the ball from cracking and coming out and to block the flow path more securely. can do.
  • the outer surface of the mandrel 11 is allowed to move in one direction along the axial direction of the mandrel together with the inner peripheral surface of the member attached on the outer peripheral surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the mandrel 11.
  • a plurality of meshing portions that restrict movement in the opposite direction may be formed to constitute a ring-shaped ratchet mechanism that is orthogonal to the axial direction of the mandrel.
  • the material forming the mandrel 11 provided in the downhole plug is not particularly limited, and a material conventionally used as a material forming the mandrel provided in the downhole plug can be used.
  • metal materials such as aluminum, steel, and stainless steel
  • fibers, wood, composite materials, and resins can be used.
  • a composite material containing a reinforcing material such as carbon fiber, particularly a composite material containing a polymer such as an epoxy resin and a phenol resin can be given.
  • the mandrel 11 is made of a degradable material. It is preferable that it is formed from.
  • the degradable material in the downhole plug used in the present embodiment, when the mandrel 11 is formed of a degradable material, the degradable material may be a degradable material having biodegradability or hydrolyzability, or any other method. It is possible to use degradable materials that can be chemically decomposed.
  • materials that physically break down such as destruction and collapse by applying a large mechanical force such as a metal material such as aluminum, which has been widely used as a mandrel for conventional downhole plugs, can be used for downhole plugs. It does not correspond to the degradable material forming the mandrel 11 provided.
  • the strength of the original resin is reduced due to a decrease in the degree of polymerization, etc., resulting in brittleness.
  • the material that easily disintegrates and loses its shape corresponds to the degradable material.
  • a concave portion such as a recess having a predetermined shape is provided on a base material made of a degradable material such as polyglycolic acid (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “PGA”).
  • PGA polyglycolic acid
  • the mandrel 11 when the mandrel 11 is formed from a decomposable material, it is preferably a hydrolyzable material that decomposes with water at a predetermined temperature or higher.
  • the degradable material is preferably composed mainly of PGA, and among PGA, polyglycolic acid having a weight average molecular weight of 150,000 or more is preferred, and high molecular weight polyglycolic acid having a weight average molecular weight of 180,000 or more is preferred. Particularly preferred because of its high strength. That is, a downhole plug in which the mandrel 11 is formed of high molecular weight PGA is desirable.
  • the decomposable material may contain a reinforcing material, or may contain other compounding components.
  • a decomposable material for forming the mandrel 11 a decomposable metal can be used as a decomposable material for forming the mandrel 11.
  • the decomposable metal used for the mandrel 11 is preferably an Mg alloy because of its high strength.
  • the downhole plug used in the present embodiment includes a mandrel and a member attached on the outer peripheral surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the mandrel. That is, in the downhole plug, the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel is usually used for the purpose of efficiently and reliably carrying out the plug transfer, installation, blocking the wellbore, and fracturing, and further improving the handleability. Various members are mounted on the top.
  • the member attached on the outer peripheral surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the mandrel is not particularly limited as long as it is a member conventionally used in a downhole plug.
  • the flack plug 1 preferably includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a slip 12, a wedge 13, a pair of ring-shaped fixing members 14, and an annular rubber member 15 capable of expanding the diameter, as shown in FIG. 3. It is done.
  • These members are referred to as members in the sense that they include attachment members for attaching the respective members to the mandrel.
  • the material for forming the member attached to the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel used in the present embodiment is not particularly limited, and a material conventionally used as a material for forming the member included in the downhole plug is used. Can do.
  • metal materials aluminum, steel, stainless steel, etc.
  • fibers, wood, composite materials and resins can be mentioned.
  • composite materials containing reinforcing materials such as carbon fibers, particularly epoxy Examples thereof include a composite material containing a resin and a polymer such as a phenol resin.
  • At least one of the above members is degradable in the same manner as described for the mandrel. It is preferably formed from a material.
  • the degradable material in the downhole plug used in the present embodiment, the degradable material having biodegradability or hydrolyzability, as described in the mandrel, Degradable materials that can be chemically decomposed by some other method, degradable materials that can become brittle and easily disintegrate can be used.
  • the member is an annular rubber member capable of expanding the diameter
  • examples of the decomposable material include aliphatic polyester rubber, polyurethane rubber, natural rubber, polyisoprene, acrylic rubber, aliphatic polyester rubber, polyester heat Decomposable rubbers such as plastic elastomers and polyamide-based thermoplastic elastomers can be used.
  • the downhole plug used in the present embodiment is operated by a setting tool described later and installed in the well hole.
  • the slip 12 rides on the upper surface of the slope of the wedge 13 by applying a force that reduces the axial distance of the mandrel between the pair of ring-shaped fixing members 14 and the axial direction of the mandrel. Move outwards perpendicular to each other. Then, the outermost peripheral surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the mandrel of the slip 12 abuts against the inner wall of the well hole, so that the plug can be installed at a predetermined position of the well hole.
  • the diameter-expandable annular rubber member 15 becomes the axis of the mandrel.
  • the diameter is expanded in a direction orthogonal to the direction.
  • the annular rubber member 15 is expanded in diameter, the outer part in the direction orthogonal to the axial direction abuts the inner wall of the well hole, and the inner part in the direction orthogonal to the axial direction is on the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel.
  • the space between the plug 1 and the well hole can be closed (seal) (blocking of the well hole).
  • fracturing can be performed in a state where the space between the plug and the well hole is closed (sealed).
  • the setting tool used in the well closing device of the present embodiment has a substantially cylindrical shape and includes a setting rod and a setting sleeve.
  • the setting rod is generally rod-shaped, and is arranged at the center in the section of the setting tool (substantially parallel to the bottom of the cylinder). That is, the setting rod is inserted into the hollow portion of the setting tool.
  • the setting sleeve has a cylindrical shape surrounding one end of the long axis of the setting rod.
  • the setting tool itself or a part thereof according to the present embodiment may be called an adapter kit, and the adapter kit includes a setting rod and a setting sleeve.
  • the setting tool used in this embodiment is arranged from the rear end of the downhole plug to the rear end side of the hollow portion, and the setting rod and the setting tool are in contact with the downhole plug. That is, the setting rod is directly or indirectly connected to the mandrel, and the setting sleeve is installed adjacent to a member attached on the outer peripheral surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the mandrel.
  • the setting tool When the setting tool is activated, the setting sleeve moves in the rear end direction while the setting sleeve moves in the rear end direction while the setting sleeve suppresses the movement in the rear end direction of the member mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel.
  • the mandrel is pulled out toward the rear end, and the downhole plug operates as described above.
  • An example is a setting tool that includes a setting sleeve and a setting rod that operate on gas generated by an explosion.
  • the setting rod is connected to the mandrel, but the setting rod is usually directly or directly connected to the mandrel at the end opposite to the end surrounded by the setting sleeve. Connect indirectly.
  • the setting rod is inserted into the hollow portion of the mandrel from the opening at the rear of the mandrel.
  • the connection position of the mandrel with the setting rod may be on the rear end side, center, or front end side in the long axis direction of the mandrel, but if the mandrel is made of resin or the like and the compression strength is insufficient, connect to the front end side of the mandrel. It is preferable.
  • the setting rod is connected from the rear end side of the mandrel to the front end side through the hollow portion.
  • the setting rod 21 in FIG. 2 is connected to the downhole plug 1 at the connection portion 23.
  • the connection part 23 is connected directly to and fixed to the front end of the mandrel 11 and indirectly connected via a connection member (not shown) installed at the front end of the mandrel 11.
  • a fixing method As a method for fixing the connection portion 23 to the downhole plug 1, there are a method for fixing the connection portion 23 to the downhole plug 1 with a screw carved on the outer periphery of the connection portion 23 and a method for fixing with a pin. It is preferable that the screw and the pin are broken by the force applied in the axial direction of the mandrel, and the connection between the downhole plug and the setting tool is released.
  • the well closing device of the present embodiment places an obstacle in a space formed by a setting sleeve inner wall, a setting rod, and a mandrel rear end or a member attached to the rear end. Therefore, the setting rod may be deformed by denting, bending, or shaving it in a fan shape in the axial direction so that an obstacle (ball) can be included in the setting sleeve. That is, the setting rod may be provided with a groove or a notch structure in the axial direction.
  • a part of a circular shape which is a cross section of the setting rod is cut out in a straight line ((A) in FIG. 5), and a part cut out in a curved shape (( B)), or those cut into squares ((C) and (C ′) in FIG. 5).
  • the position and length of deformation in the entire length of the setting rod are not particularly limited, but the deformed portion shown in FIG. 5 is the tip (front end) of the setting rod that is not connected to the down hole plug. It is preferable that it exists in the front end side among the length from the rear end of the down hole plug.
  • the length of the deformed portion is preferably 10 mm or more in the axial direction of the setting rod.
  • the setting sleeve may be provided with a groove or notch structure on the inner wall so that an obstacle (ball) can be enclosed.
  • Specific examples of the groove on the inner wall of the setting sleeve include a curved groove ((A) in FIG. 6) or a square groove ((B) and (C) in FIG. 6) in the cross section of the setting sleeve, Is mentioned.
  • the groove on the inner wall of the setting sleeve may be any shape as long as an obstacle can be enclosed inside the setting sleeve, and the position, length and depth are not particularly limited, but the groove shown in FIG.
  • the axial direction is preferably 10 mm or more, the width is 5 mm or more, and the depth is 1 mm or more.
  • the material forming the setting tool used in the present embodiment is not particularly limited, and a conventionally used material can be used.
  • Obstacles for closing the flow path of the downhole plug are the setting sleeve inner wall of the setting tool, the setting rod and the rear end of the mandrel. Or it arrange
  • An obstacle for closing the flow path of the down hole plug has a function of installing the down hole plug in the well and closing the flow path of the down hole plug after the setting rod is removed.
  • the shape of the obstacle is not particularly limited as long as it is a size and shape that can block the flow path of the downhole plug and fit in the space in the above setting tool, for example, a ball, a dirt, or The shape of a disk etc. is mentioned. Above all, the ball is preferable because the opening of the seat can be closed regardless of the seating direction, and the channel can be reliably closed.
  • the material forming the obstacle for closing the flow path of the downhole plug used in the present embodiment is not particularly limited, and a material conventionally used as a material forming the obstacle may be used. it can.
  • metal materials aluminum, steel, stainless steel, etc.
  • fibers wood, composite materials and resins
  • composite materials containing reinforcing materials such as carbon fibers, particularly epoxy
  • examples thereof include a composite material containing a resin and a polymer such as a phenol resin.
  • a part is formed from a degradable material.
  • PGA is a main component.
  • the weight average molecular weight of PGA is preferably larger from the viewpoint of increasing strength, for example, preferably 50,000 or more, more preferably 100,000 or more, and even more preferably 150,000 or more.
  • the degradable material for forming an obstacle for closing the flow path of the downhole plug used in the present embodiment As the degradable material for forming an obstacle for closing the flow path of the downhole plug used in the present embodiment, the degradable material having biodegradability and hydrolyzability is the same as described for the mandrel. Furthermore, a degradable material that can be chemically decomposed by some other method, or a degradable material that can be embrittled and easily disintegrated can be used. Among these, a degradable resin or a degradable metal is preferable as a degradable material used for the obstacle because the decomposition rate can be easily adjusted. In particular, because of its high strength, polyglycolic acid is preferable as the decomposable resin, and Mg alloy is preferable as the decomposable metal.
  • an obstacle that blocks the flow path of the downhole plug can be reliably supplied in a short time. Accordingly, it is possible to avoid the damage of the obstacle accompanying the conveyance of the obstacle, and to save the amount of fluid for conveying the obstacle. Thereby, while being able to reduce the cost of a well excavation, it becomes possible to shorten the process concerning a well excavation.
  • the well closure device of this embodiment can be used regardless of the depth of the well and whether it is a vertical hole or a horizontal hole.
  • the well closing method using the well closing device of the present embodiment is as follows. First, the well closing device of this embodiment is moved to an arbitrary position in the well using a fluid or the like ((A) of FIG. 4). Thereafter, when the setting tool is operated, the downhole plug is installed and fixed to the inner wall of the wellbore by expanding the diameter of the annular rubber member and the slip ((B) of FIG. 4). Next, disconnect the setting tool from the downhole plug and remove the setting rod from the hollow part of the mandrel. The obstruction contained in the setting sleeve is supplied and arranged at a position where the flow path of the downhole plug is closed, for example, a seat (seat) installed on the mandrel, thereby completing the closing.
  • the obstacle when the obstacle is formed of, for example, a degradable material having hydrolyzability, the obstacle is decomposed by being exposed to water for a predetermined time, so that the obstacle is decomposed, dissolved or removed from the opening of the seat (receiver). It is possible to recover the flow path that has been blocked by.
  • a device for closing a well comprising a downhole plug, a setting tool disposed on a rear end side of the downhole plug, for operating and installing the downhole plug, and a flow path of the downhole plug
  • the downhole plug includes a hollow mandrel that is open at least at the rear end, and the setting tool is directly or indirectly on the front end side of the mandrel.
  • a setting sleeve arranged to cover at least a part of the setting rod and at least a part of the downhole plug, the setting rod at a rear end of the mandrel
  • the obstacle is inserted into the hollow part of the mandrel from the opening. Is a well closing device that is enclosed in a space in the setting tool.
  • the mandrel contains a resin as a main component.
  • the mandrel contains a decomposable metal as a main component.
  • the mandrel contains a decomposable resin as a main component.
  • the downhole plug preferably includes a seat that receives the obstacle.
  • the obstacle is preferably a ball, a dirt, or a disk.
  • the obstacle includes a degradable material.
  • the decomposable material is preferably a decomposable resin or a degradable metal.
  • the rear end of the mandrel has a notch structure so that an obstacle can be included in the space in the setting tool.
  • At least one of the setting rod and the setting sleeve preferably has a groove or a notch structure with respect to the axial direction so that an obstacle can be included in the space in the setting tool.
  • At least one of the setting rod or the setting sleeve has a fan-shaped notch structure with respect to the axial direction so that an obstacle can be included in the space in the setting tool.
  • the setting rod preferably has a groove or notch structure in the axial direction.
  • the setting sleeve preferably has a groove on the inner surface.
  • a downhole plug a setting tool which is disposed on a rear end side of the downhole plug and operates and installs the downhole plug, and one or more obstacles which block the flow path of the downhole plug.
  • a method of temporarily closing a well using a well closing device wherein the downhole plug includes a hollow mandrel having at least a rear end opened, and the setting tool is on a front end side of the mandrel.
  • a setting rod that is connected directly or indirectly to the setting rod, and a setting sleeve configured to cover at least a part of the setting rod and at least a part of the downhole plug, the setting rod including the mandrel It is inserted through the opening at the rear end into the hollow part of the mandrel and Things a method for temporarily blocking the wells with steps d) from the following a) using a wellbore occlusion device which is contained in the space in the setting tool: a) Move the well closure device to an arbitrary position in the well and operate and install the downhole plug; b) Disconnect the setting tool from the downhole plug and pull out the setting rod; c) moving the obstacle in the setting tool to block the flow path in the hollow part of the mandrel; d) After a predetermined time has elapsed, the obstacle is removed to restore the flow path.
  • the present invention relates to a well closing device including a setting tool and a downhole plug, and by incorporating an obstacle that closes the flow path of the downhole plug in the setting tool adjacent to the downhole plug,
  • a well closure device that can supply obstacles quickly and safely, avoids damage to obstacles, reduces the cost of well drilling, including reducing the amount of fluid used to transport obstacles, and shortens the process. Because it is provided, it has high industrial applicability. Moreover, since the method of closing the well temporarily using the said well closing apparatus is provided, industrial applicability is high.
  • Flack plug 2 Setting tool 3: Ball 12a, 12b: Slip 13a, 13b: Wedge 14a, 14b: Ring-shaped fixing member 15: Expandable annular rubber member 21: Setting rod 22: Setting sleeve 23: Setting Connection part between tool and flack plug H: Inner wall of borehole

Landscapes

  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a well closing device capable of reducing costs and shortening a process for boring a well, and a method for temporarily closing the well by using the well closing device. This well closing device includes: a down hole plug; a setting tool (2) for operating and installing the down hole plug; and an obstacle for closing the flow passage of the down hole plug, wherein the obstacle is included in the setting tool (2), and thus the flow passage of the down hole plug can be reliably closed in a short time after installing the down hole plug inside a well and removing the setting tool (2). In addition, by using this well closing device, the well can be temporarily closed reliably in a short time.

Description

坑井閉塞装置及び坑井一時閉塞方法Well closing device and well temporary closing method
 本発明は、石油または天然ガス等の炭化水素資源を産出するために行う坑井の強化回収法(Enhanced Oil Recovery)において使用する坑井閉塞装置及びそれを用いた坑井一時閉塞の方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a well closing device used in a well recovery method (Enhanced Oil Recovery) performed to produce hydrocarbon resources such as oil or natural gas, and a method of temporary well blocking using the same.
 「フラクチャリング法」または「水圧破砕法」は炭化水素資源の強化回収法のひとつであり、フラクチャリング流体の水圧によって、高深度地下の生産層(シェールオイル等の石油またはシェールガス等の天然ガスなどの炭化水素資源を産出する層)に亀裂(フラクチャ)を生じさせる方法である。この方法を用いて、地下数千mの地層内に掘削した坑井孔(ダウンホール)に対して、坑井孔の先端部から順次、所定区画を部分的に閉塞し、その閉塞した区画内にフラクチャリング流体を高圧で送入して、生産層に亀裂を生じさせるフラクチャリングを行う。次いで、次の所定区画(通常は、先行する区画より手前、すなわち地上側の区画)を閉塞してフラクチャリングを行う。以下、この工程を必要な目止めとフラクチャリングが完了するまで繰り返し実施する。 The “fracturing method” or “hydraulic fracturing method” is one of the enhanced recovery methods for hydrocarbon resources. Depending on the hydraulic pressure of the fracturing fluid, a deep underground production layer (oil such as shale oil or natural gas such as shale gas) It is a method of generating cracks in the layer that produces hydrocarbon resources such as. Using this method, a predetermined section is partially closed sequentially from the tip of the well hole (down hole) drilled in the underground layer several thousand meters below, and the inside of the blocked section Fracturing fluid is fed into the production layer at a high pressure to cause cracks in the production layer. Next, fracturing is performed by closing the next predetermined section (usually, a section before the preceding section, that is, a section on the ground side). Thereafter, this process is repeated until the necessary sealing and fracturing are completed.
 坑井孔の先端部から順次、坑井孔の閉塞を行う方法としては、種々の方法が知られており、例えば、ダウンホールプラグ(「フラックプラグ」、「ブリッジプラグ」または「パッカー」等と称されることもある。)と呼ばれるダウンホールツールを用いた方法が挙げられる。ダウンホールプラグとして、例えば、特許文献1~4には、坑井孔の閉塞や固定を行うことができるダウンホールプラグが開示されている。 Various methods are known as methods for closing the borehole sequentially from the tip of the borehole. For example, downhole plugs (“flac plug”, “bridge plug”, “packer”, etc.) And a method using a downhole tool called). As downhole plugs, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 4 disclose downhole plugs capable of closing and fixing well holes.
 特許文献1には、坑井掘削用のダウンホールプラグ(以下、単に「プラグ」ということがある。)が開示されており、具体的には、軸方向に中空部を有するマンドレル(本体)と、マンドレルの軸方向に直交する外周面上の軸方向に沿って、リングまたは環状部材(annular member)、第1の円錐状部材(conical member)およびスリップ(slip)と、エラストマーまたはゴム等から形成される可鍛性要素(malleable element)と、第2の円錐状部材およびスリップと、回り止め機構(anti-rotation feature)とを備えるプラグが開示されている。この坑井掘削用のダウンホールプラグによる坑井孔の封鎖は、以下のとおりである。 Patent Document 1 discloses a downhole plug for well excavation (hereinafter, simply referred to as “plug”), specifically, a mandrel (main body) having a hollow portion in the axial direction, and Along the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface perpendicular to the axial direction of the mandrel, the ring or annular member (annular member), the first conical member (slip) and the slip are formed from an elastomer or rubber, etc. Disclosed is a plug comprising a malleable element, a second conical member and a slip, and an anti-rotation mechanism. The blocking of the well hole by the downhole plug for well drilling is as follows.
 すなわち、マンドレルをその軸方向に移動することにより、リングまたは環状部材と回り止め機構との間隙が縮小する。これに伴い、スリップが円錐状部材の傾斜面に当接し、円錐状部材に沿って進み、スリップは外方に放射状に拡大して坑井孔の内壁に当接して坑井孔に固定される。さらに可鍛性要素が拡径変形して坑井孔の内壁に当接して坑井孔を封鎖することによって坑井孔が封鎖される。マンドレルには、軸方向の中空部が存在し、これにボール等をセットすることにより、坑井孔を封鎖することができる。 That is, by moving the mandrel in the axial direction, the gap between the ring or the annular member and the detent mechanism is reduced. Along with this, the slip comes into contact with the inclined surface of the conical member and advances along the conical member, and the slip expands radially outward and comes into contact with the inner wall of the well and is fixed to the well. . Further, the malleable element expands and deforms and abuts against the inner wall of the well hole to close the well hole, thereby blocking the well hole. The mandrel has a hollow portion in the axial direction, and a well or the like can be sealed by setting a ball or the like on the hollow portion.
 プラグを形成する材料として、金属材料(アルミニウム、スチール、またはステンレス鋼等)、繊維、木、複合材およびプラスチックなどが広く例示され、好ましくは、炭素繊維等の強化材を含有する複合材、特に、エポキシ樹脂またはフェノール樹脂等の重合体を含有する複合材であること、マンドレルがアルミニウムまたは複合材料で形成されることが記載されている。一方、ボール等は、先に説明した材料のほかに、温度、圧力、およびpH(酸、塩基)等により分解する材料を使用できることが記載されている。 Examples of the material for forming the plug include metal materials (aluminum, steel, stainless steel, etc.), fibers, wood, composite materials, plastics, and the like, preferably composite materials containing a reinforcing material such as carbon fiber, especially It is described that the composite material contains a polymer such as an epoxy resin or a phenol resin, and that the mandrel is formed of aluminum or a composite material. On the other hand, it is described that a material that decomposes by temperature, pressure, pH (acid, base) or the like can be used for the ball or the like in addition to the materials described above.
 特許文献2には、各パッカーが、隣接パッカーに、分離可能に接続されている坑井掘削用のパッカー集合体(assembly)が開示されている。 Patent Document 2 discloses a packer assembly for well excavation in which each packer is detachably connected to an adjacent packer.
 特許文献3には、軸方向に中空部を有するマンドレルと、マンドレルの軸方向に直交する外周面上の軸方向に沿って、スリップ、スリップウエッジ(slip wedge)、弾性パッカー要素(resilient packer element)、および押出リミッタ(extrusion limiter)等とを備えるパッカーが記載されている。 In Patent Document 3, a mandrel having a hollow portion in the axial direction, and a slip, a slip wedge, and an elastic packer element along the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the mandrel , And an extrusion limiter and the like are described.
 特許文献3には、坑井内の環境に曝されるときに分解する分解性材料を含有する使い捨て型のダウンホールツール(ダウンホールプラグ等を意味する。)またはその部材が開示されており、生分解性材料として、ポリ乳酸等の脂肪族ポリエステルなど分解性重合体が開示されている。さらに、特許文献3には、軸方向に流通孔(flow bore)を有する円筒状本体部品(tubular body element)と、該円筒状本体部品の軸方向と直交する外周面上に、軸方向に沿って、上部シーリング要素、中心シーリング要素および下部シーリング要素から成るパッカー要素集合体(packer element assembly)と、スリップおよび機械的スリップ本体(mechanical slip body)との組み合わせが記載されている。また、円筒状本体部品の流通孔には、ボールをセットすることにより、流体の一方向のみの流れを許容するようにすることが開示されている。 Patent Document 3 discloses a disposable downhole tool (which means a downhole plug or the like) or a member thereof containing a degradable material that decomposes when exposed to an environment in a well. As degradable materials, degradable polymers such as aliphatic polyesters such as polylactic acid are disclosed. Further, in Patent Document 3, a cylindrical body part having a flow hole in the axial direction (tubular body) and a peripheral surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the cylindrical body part are provided along the axial direction. A combination of a packer element assembly consisting of an upper sealing element, a central sealing element and a lower sealing element, and a slip and a mechanical slip body is described. Further, it is disclosed that a flow of only one direction of fluid is allowed by setting a ball in the flow hole of the cylindrical main body part.
 特許文献4には、フラッグプラグと、フラッグプラグの軸方向に存在し、中空部を有するマンドレルと、マンドレルの中空部を通るセッティングロッドとを有するダウンホールプラグが開示されている。特許文献4に開示されているセッティングロッドは、ダウンホールプラグの前端に接続されている。 Patent Document 4 discloses a downhole plug having a flag plug, a mandrel that exists in the axial direction of the flag plug and has a hollow portion, and a setting rod that passes through the hollow portion of the mandrel. The setting rod disclosed in Patent Document 4 is connected to the front end of the downhole plug.
 一般に、ダウンホールプラグは中央に開口を有し、障害物を受け止めるシート(seat)をもつものが用いられる。中でも、障害物としてボールを使用する場合にはボール座(ball seat)を有するダウンホールプラグが用いられる坑井孔の閉塞には、セッティングツールを用いてダウンホールプラグを所定位置に設置し、ダウンホールプラグを稼働させる。その後ダウンホールプラグのシートに障害物を供給および配置してシートの開口部の閉塞を行うことで坑井孔の閉塞が完成する(例えば、特許文献5)。 Generally, a downhole plug having an opening in the center and having a seat for receiving an obstacle is used. In particular, when using a ball as an obstacle, a downhole plug with a ball bowl seat is used. To close the borehole, use a setting tool to place the downhole plug in place. Activate the hole plug. Thereafter, an obstacle is supplied and arranged on the seat of the downhole plug to close the opening of the seat, thereby completing the closing of the well hole (for example, Patent Document 5).
 しかし、障害物として例えばボールを使用する場合、深さ1000~5000mにも達する地下に設置されるダウンホールプラグのボール座に地上から所定の大きさのボールを供給および配置するためには、高圧水流によりある程度の時間をかけてボールを搬送する必要がある。このとき、高圧水流を用いるため、搬送中に坑井壁に衝突するなどしてボールが変形する、もしくは割れまたは欠けなどの破損が発生することによって、シール性が損なわれる恐れがある。 However, when a ball is used as an obstacle, for example, a high pressure is required to supply and place a ball of a predetermined size from the ground to the ball seat of the downhole plug installed in the underground reaching a depth of 1000 to 5000 m. It is necessary to transport the ball over a certain amount of time due to the water flow. At this time, since the high-pressure water flow is used, the ball may be deformed due to collision with the well wall during transportation, or damage such as cracking or chipping may occur, thereby impairing the sealing performance.
 これに対し、特許文献6では、フラックプラグの軸方向に存在するマンドレルと、その内側に設置された筒状のメタリックスリーブとが開示されており、このメタリックスリーブ中にはボールが含まれているダウンホールプラグが記載されている。 On the other hand, Patent Document 6 discloses a mandrel that exists in the axial direction of the flack plug, and a cylindrical metallic sleeve installed inside the mandrel, and the metallic sleeve contains a ball. A downhole plug is described.
 また、ダウンホールプラグは、坑井が完成するまで順次坑井内に配置されるが、炭化水素資源の回収が開始される段階では、これらを除去する必要がある。プラグは、通常、使用後に閉塞を解除して回収できるように設計されていないため、破砕、穿孔、またはその他の方法で、破壊されたり、または小片化されたりすることによって除去されるが、破砕および穿孔等には多くの経費と時間を費やす必要がある。また、使用後に回収できるように特殊に設計されたプラグ(retrievable plug)もあるが、プラグは高深度地下に置かれたものであるため、そのすべてを回収するには多くの経費と時間とを要している。 Also, the downhole plugs are sequentially arranged in the well until the well is completed, but it is necessary to remove these at the stage where the recovery of hydrocarbon resources is started. Plugs are usually not designed to be unblocked and recovered after use, so they can be removed by breaking or drilling, or breaking into small pieces, And it is necessary to spend a lot of money and time for drilling. There are also specially designed plugs that can be recovered after use (retrievable plug), but since the plugs are deep underground, it takes a lot of money and time to recover all of them. I need it.
 さらに、高深度化など採掘条件がますます過酷かつ多様なものとなっているもとで、ダウンホールプラグのシートへの障害物の着座を短時間で確実に行うことができることにより、坑井掘削の経費軽減や工程短縮ができる坑井閉塞装置および坑井一時閉塞の方法を提供することが求められている。 Furthermore, under the increasingly severe and diverse mining conditions such as deepening, the ability to seat obstacles on the seats of the downhole plugs in a short time ensures that well drilling is possible. Therefore, it is required to provide a well closing device and a method for temporarily closing a well that can reduce the cost and shorten the process.
米国特許出願公開第2011/0277989号明細書US Patent Application Publication No. 2011/0277789 米国特許出願公開第2003/0183391号明細書US Patent Application Publication No. 2003/0183391 米国特許出願公開第2005/0205266号明細書US Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0205266 米国特許出願公開第2011/0277987号明細書US Patent Application Publication No. 2011/0277787 米国特許出願公開第2015/0252643号明細書US Patent Application Publication No. 2015/0252643 米国特許出願公開第2002/0189822号明細書US Patent Application Publication No. 2002/0189822
 本発明の課題は、高深度化など採掘条件がますます過酷かつ多様なものとなっているもとで、ダウンホールプラグの流路を閉塞させる障害物を短時間で確実に供給することができる坑井閉塞装置および上記坑井閉塞装置を使用する坑井の一時閉塞方法を提供することにある。 The problem of the present invention is that the mining conditions such as deepening are becoming increasingly severe and diverse, and an obstacle that blocks the flow path of the downhole plug can be reliably supplied in a short time. The object of the present invention is to provide a well closing device and a method for temporarily closing a well using the well closing device.
 本発明者らは、前記課題を解決するために鋭意研究した結果、ダウンホールプラグの設置に用いられるセッティングツールにダウンホールプラグの流路を閉塞させる障害物を含ませることで、障害物を地上から投入することなく、短時間且つ破損が抑制された状態で障害物をダウンホールプラグに提供することにより課題を解決することができることを見いだし、本発明を完成した。 As a result of diligent research to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have included an obstacle that blocks the flow path of the downhole plug in the setting tool used for installing the downhole plug. The present invention has been completed by finding that the problem can be solved by providing an obstacle to the downhole plug in a short time and in a state in which the damage is suppressed without being thrown in.
 すなわち、本発明によれば、坑井を閉塞させるための装置であって、ダウンホールプラグと、上記ダウンホールプラグの後端側に配置され、上記ダウンホールプラグを稼働および設置させるセッティングツールと、上記ダウンホールプラグの流路を閉塞させる1つ以上の障害物と、を含み、上記ダウンホールプラグは、少なくとも後端が開口している、中空のマンドレルを含み、上記セッティングツールは上記マンドレルの前端側に直接的または間接的に接続されているセッティングロッドと、上記セッティングロッドの一部または全部ならびに上記ダウンホールプラグの少なくとも一部を覆うように配置されているセッティングスリーブと、を含み、上記セッティングロッドは上記マンドレルの後端の開口部からマンドレルの中空部に挿入されており、上記障害物が上記セッティングツール内の空間に内包されている、坑井閉塞装置が提供される。 That is, according to the present invention, a device for closing a well, which is a downhole plug, a setting tool that is disposed on the rear end side of the downhole plug, and operates and installs the downhole plug, One or more obstacles that block the flow path of the downhole plug, wherein the downhole plug includes a hollow mandrel that is open at least at a rear end, and the setting tool includes a front end of the mandrel. A setting rod connected directly or indirectly to the side, and a setting sleeve arranged to cover part or all of the setting rod and at least a part of the downhole plug. Insert the rod from the opening at the rear end of the mandrel into the hollow part of the mandrel. Are, the obstacles are contained in the space in the setting tool, wellbore closure device is provided.
 なお、本発明のセッティングツール自体またはその一部分はアダプターキットと呼ばれることがあり、アダプターキットはセッティングロッドおよびセッティングスリーブを含む。 The setting tool of the present invention itself or a part thereof may be called an adapter kit, and the adapter kit includes a setting rod and a setting sleeve.
 ここで、本明細書において「前端」および「後端」とは、ダウンホールプラグが坑井の入口から坑井内に進む向きにおける前方および後方の端を指す。また、「前端側」および「後端側」とは、長軸方向長さの中点よりも前方および後方を指す。 Here, “front end” and “rear end” in this specification refer to the front and rear ends in the direction in which the downhole plug advances from the well entrance to the well. Further, “front end side” and “rear end side” refer to the front and rear of the midpoint of the length in the long axis direction.
 また、ダウンホールプラグと、上記ダウンホールプラグの後端側に配置され、上記ダウンホールプラグを稼働および設置させるセッティングツールと、上記ダウンホールプラグの流路を閉塞させる1つ以上の障害物と、を含む坑井閉塞装置を用いて坑井を一時的に閉塞させる方法であって、上記ダウンホールプラグは少なくとも後端が開口している中空のマンドレルを含み、上記セッティングツールは上記マンドレルの前端側に直接的または間接的に接続されるセッティングロッドと、上記セッティングロッドの一部または全部ならびに上記ダウンホールプラグの少なくとも一部を覆う形状であるセッティングスリーブと、を含み、上記セッティングツールは上記マンドレルの後端の開口部からマンドレルの中空部に挿入されており、上記障害物が上記セッティングツール内の空間に内包されている坑井閉塞装置を用いて下記a)からd)の工程によって坑井を一時的に閉塞させる方法:
 a)上記坑井閉塞装置を坑井の任意の位置に移動させ、上記ダウンホールプラグを稼働、設置する;
 b)上記セッティングツールと上記ダウンホールプラグの接続を解除し、上記セッティングロッドを引き抜く;
 c)上記セッティングツール内の障害物を移動させ、上記マンドレルの中空部における流路を塞ぐ;
 d)所定時間経過後、上記障害物を除去して流路を回復する方法が提供される。
A downhole plug; a setting tool disposed on a rear end side of the downhole plug for operating and installing the downhole plug; and one or more obstacles for closing the flow path of the downhole plug; The downhole plug includes a hollow mandrel having at least a rear end opened, and the setting tool is on a front end side of the mandrel. A setting rod that is directly or indirectly connected to the setting rod, and a setting sleeve that is shaped to cover part or all of the setting rod and at least a part of the downhole plug. It is inserted through the opening at the rear end into the hollow part of the mandrel and Things a method for temporarily blocking the wells with steps d) from the following a) using a wellbore occlusion device which is contained in the space in the setting tool:
a) Move the well closure device to an arbitrary position in the well and operate and install the downhole plug;
b) Disconnect the setting tool from the downhole plug and pull out the setting rod;
c) moving the obstacle in the setting tool to block the flow path in the hollow part of the mandrel;
d) A method for removing the obstacle and recovering the flow path after a predetermined time has elapsed is provided.
 本発明によれば、セッティングツールとダウンホールプラグを含む坑井閉塞装置において、ダウンホールプラグの流路を閉塞させる障害物をダウンホールプラグに近接するセッティングツールに内包させることによって、高深度化など採掘条件がますます過酷かつ多様なものとなっているもとで、ダウンホールプラグへの障害物の供給を短時間かつ安全に行うことができる坑井閉塞装置を提供することができる。また、上記坑井閉塞装置を用いて坑井を一時的に閉塞させる方法を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, in a well closing device including a setting tool and a downhole plug, an obstacle that closes the flow path of the downhole plug is included in the setting tool close to the downhole plug, thereby increasing the depth, etc. Under the increasingly severe and diverse mining conditions, it is possible to provide a well closing device that can supply obstacles to the downhole plug in a short time and safely. In addition, a method for temporarily closing a well using the well closing device can be provided.
本発明の坑井閉塞装置の一具体例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows one specific example of the well closure apparatus of this invention. 本発明の坑井閉塞装置の一具体例を示す概略の正面断面図である。It is a schematic front sectional view showing a specific example of the well closing device of the present invention. 本発明の坑井閉塞装置に含まれるダウンホールプラグの一具体例であるフラックプラグの外観を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the external appearance of the flap plug which is a specific example of the downhole plug contained in the well closure apparatus of this invention. (A)は、本発明の坑井閉塞装置に含まれるダウンホールプラグの一具体例であるフラックプラグを示す概略の正面断面図であり、(B)は、(A)のダウンホールプラグが坑井孔内に設置および固定された状態を示す概略の正面断面図である。(A) is a schematic front sectional view showing a flack plug which is a specific example of a downhole plug included in the well closure device of the present invention, and (B) is a diagram of a downhole plug of (A). It is a rough front sectional view showing the state where it was installed and fixed in the well. (A)は、図2のセッティングロッドの一部を直線状に切り取ったものの円周方向の断面を示す図であり、(B)は、図2のセッティングロッドの一部を曲線状に切り取ったものの円周方向の断面を示す図であり、(C)および(C’)は、図2のセッティングロッドの一部を角状に切り取ったものの円周方向の断面を示す図である。(A) is a figure which shows the cross section of the circumferential direction of what cut off a part of setting rod of FIG. 2, and (B) cut off a part of setting rod of FIG. 2 in the shape of a curve. It is a figure which shows the cross section of the circumferential direction of a thing, (C) and (C ') are figures which show the cross section of the circumferential direction of what cut off a part of setting rod of FIG. (A)は、図2のセッティングスリーブの内表面に曲線状の溝を入れたものの円周方向の断面を示す図であり、(B)および(C)は、図2のセッティングスリーブの内表面に角線状の溝を入れたものの円周方向の断面を示す図である。(A) is a figure which shows the cross section of the circumferential direction of what put the curve-shaped groove | channel in the inner surface of the setting sleeve of FIG. 2, (B) and (C) are the inner surfaces of the setting sleeve of FIG. It is a figure which shows the cross section of the circumferential direction of what put the square-shaped groove | channel in.
 本発明はダウンホールプラグとダウンホールプラグを設置するためのセッティングツールおよびダウンホールプラグの流路を閉塞するための障害物を含む坑井閉塞装置およびそれを用いた坑井の一時的な閉塞方法に関する。以下、本発明に係る坑井閉塞装置および閉塞方法の一実施形態について説明する。 The present invention relates to a downhole plug, a setting tool for installing the downhole plug, a well closing device including an obstacle for closing the flow path of the downhole plug, and a method for temporarily closing a well using the same. About. Hereinafter, an embodiment of a well closing device and a closing method according to the present invention will be described.
 1.坑井閉塞装置
 本実施形態に係る坑井閉塞装置を、図面を参照して説明する。本実施形態の坑井閉塞装置は、ダウンホールプラグ1、セッティングツール2およびダウンホールプラグの流路を閉塞するための障害物3を含む。なお、図1は本発明の課題を解決する手段の一具体例であり、本発明の範囲は図1に示した態様の坑井閉塞装置に限らない。
1. Well closure device The well closure device concerning this embodiment is explained with reference to drawings. The well closing device of the present embodiment includes a downhole plug 1, a setting tool 2, and an obstacle 3 for closing the flow path of the downhole plug. FIG. 1 is a specific example of means for solving the problems of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the well closing device of the embodiment shown in FIG.
 (1)ダウンホールプラグ
 ダウンホールプラグは坑井の一部を閉塞するために坑井孔内に設置される装置であり、フラックプラグ、ブリッジプラグ、またはパッカーなどと呼ばれる。ダウンホールプラグは、少なくとも1つのマンドレル、およびマンドレルの軸方向に直交する外周面上に取り付けられる1つ以上の部材をもつ。ダウンホールプラグの一例として、図1に示す態様ではフラックプラグ1をもって説明する。また、フラックプラグ1の外観を図3に示す。フラックプラグ1は図3に示す通り、マンドレル11と、マンドレル11の軸方向に直交する外周面上に取り付けられる部材とを備える。
(1) Downhole plug A downhole plug is a device installed in a well hole to close a part of a well and is called a flack plug, a bridge plug, or a packer. The downhole plug has at least one mandrel and one or more members mounted on an outer peripheral surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the mandrel. As an example of the downhole plug, the embodiment shown in FIG. Moreover, the external appearance of the flap plug 1 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the flap plug 1 includes a mandrel 11 and a member attached on an outer peripheral surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the mandrel 11.
 1)マンドレル
 フラックプラグ1が備えるマンドレル11は、断面が略円形状で、断面の直径に対して長さが十分大きく、フラックプラグ1の強度を基本的に担保する部材である。マンドレル11は断面の直径が、坑井孔の大きさに応じて適宜選択される。当該直径が、坑井孔の内径より僅かに小さいことにより、フラックプラグ1が坑井孔内を移動可能となる。一方、マンドレル11の直径と、坑井孔の内径とは、後述するように拡径可能な環状ゴム部材15の拡径等により坑井孔の閉塞が可能となる程度の径の差を有する。マンドレル11の長さは、断面の直径に対して、例えば5~20倍程度であるが、これに限定されるものではない。通常、マンドレル11の断面の直径は、5~30cm程度の範囲である。
1) Mandrel The mandrel 11 included in the flack plug 1 is a member that has a substantially circular cross section and is sufficiently long with respect to the diameter of the cross section, and basically ensures the strength of the flack plug 1. The diameter of the cross section of the mandrel 11 is appropriately selected according to the size of the well hole. When the diameter is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the well hole, the flack plug 1 can move in the well hole. On the other hand, the diameter of the mandrel 11 and the inner diameter of the well hole have a difference in diameter that allows the well hole to be closed by expanding the diameter of the annular rubber member 15 that can be expanded as described later. The length of the mandrel 11 is, for example, about 5 to 20 times the diameter of the cross section, but is not limited thereto. Usually, the diameter of the cross section of the mandrel 11 is in the range of about 5 to 30 cm.
 マンドレル11は、中実のものでもよいが、フラクチャリング初期の流路確保、マンドレルの重量の軽減などの観点から、マンドレル11が、軸方向に沿う中空部を少なくとも一部に有する中空マンドレルであることが好ましい。すなわち、中空部は、マンドレル11を軸方向に沿って貫通してもよいし、マンドレル11を軸方向に沿って貫通しないものでもよい。また、流体を用いてフラックプラグ1を坑井内に押し込み移送する場合には、マンドレル11が、軸方向に沿う中空部を有することが好ましい。マンドレル11が軸方向に沿う中空部を有するものである場合、マンドレル11の断面形状は、マンドレル11の直径(外径)および中空部の外径(マンドレル11の内径に相当する。)を画成する2つの同心円で形成される円環状である。2つの同心円の径の比率、すなわち、マンドレル11の直径に対する中空部の外径の比率が0.7以下であることが好ましい。この比率の大小は、マンドレル11の直径に対する中空マンドレル11の肉厚の比率の大小と相反する関係にあるので、その比率の上限値を定めることは、中空マンドレルの肉厚の好ましい下限値を定めることに相当するということができる。中空マンドレルの肉厚が薄すぎると、フラックプラグ1を坑井孔内に配置したり、坑井孔の閉塞またはフラクチャリングを行うときに、中空マンドレルの強度(特に引張強度)が不足したりして、極端な場合にはフラックプラグ1が損傷することがある。したがって、マンドレル11の直径に対する中空部の外径の比率は、より好ましくは0.6以下、更に好ましくは0.5以下である。 The mandrel 11 may be solid, but the mandrel 11 is a hollow mandrel having at least part of a hollow portion along the axial direction from the viewpoint of securing a flow path in the initial stage of fracturing and reducing the weight of the mandrel. It is preferable. That is, the hollow portion may penetrate the mandrel 11 along the axial direction, or may not penetrate the mandrel 11 along the axial direction. In addition, when the flack plug 1 is pushed and transferred into the well using a fluid, the mandrel 11 preferably has a hollow portion along the axial direction. When the mandrel 11 has a hollow portion along the axial direction, the cross-sectional shape of the mandrel 11 defines the diameter (outer diameter) of the mandrel 11 and the outer diameter of the hollow portion (corresponding to the inner diameter of the mandrel 11). It is an annular shape formed by two concentric circles. The ratio of the diameters of the two concentric circles, that is, the ratio of the outer diameter of the hollow portion to the diameter of the mandrel 11 is preferably 0.7 or less. Since the size of this ratio is in contradiction with the size of the thickness of the hollow mandrel 11 with respect to the diameter of the mandrel 11, determining the upper limit of the ratio determines the preferable lower limit of the thickness of the hollow mandrel. It can be said that it corresponds. If the thickness of the hollow mandrel is too thin, the strength (especially the tensile strength) of the hollow mandrel may be insufficient when the flack plug 1 is placed in the borehole or when closing or fracturing the borehole. In an extreme case, the flap plug 1 may be damaged. Therefore, the ratio of the outer diameter of the hollow portion to the diameter of the mandrel 11 is more preferably 0.6 or less, and even more preferably 0.5 or less.
 マンドレル11の直径および中空部の外径は、マンドレル11の軸方向に沿って均一でもよいが、軸方向に沿って変化するものでもよい。すなわち、マンドレル11の外径が軸方向に沿って変化することによって、マンドレル11の外周面に凸部、段部、フランジ部、凹部(溝部)、更にはねじ部(通常は雄ねじ構造である。)または後述するラチェット機構のかみ合い部などの曲折部分を有するものとしてもよい。また、中空部の外径(中空のマンドレル11の内径)が軸方向に沿って変化することによって、マンドレル11の内周面に凸部、段部、溝部、更にはねじ部(雄ねじ構造または雌ねじ構造)などの曲折部分を有するものとしてもよい。さらに、曲折部分は、テーパー部を有するものとすることもできる。 The diameter of the mandrel 11 and the outer diameter of the hollow portion may be uniform along the axial direction of the mandrel 11, but may vary along the axial direction. That is, by changing the outer diameter of the mandrel 11 along the axial direction, a convex part, a step part, a flange part, a concave part (groove part) on the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel 11 and a thread part (usually a male screw structure). ) Or a bent portion such as a meshing portion of a ratchet mechanism to be described later. Further, when the outer diameter of the hollow portion (the inner diameter of the hollow mandrel 11) varies along the axial direction, the inner peripheral surface of the mandrel 11 has a convex portion, a step portion, a groove portion, and a screw portion (a male screw structure or a female screw). It is good also as what has bending parts, such as a structure. Further, the bent portion may have a tapered portion.
 また、本実施形態の坑井閉塞装置は、後述する通り、セッティングスリーブ内壁とセッティングロッド、マンドレル後端によって形成される空間(以下、この空間を「セッティングツール内の空間」と呼ぶこともある)に障害物を配置することから、障害物を配置可能なようにマンドレル後端を切り欠いてもよい。切欠きの形状としては、障害物の表面形状と略同一であることが好ましい。 In addition, as will be described later, the well closing device according to the present embodiment is a space formed by the inner wall of the setting sleeve, the setting rod, and the rear end of the mandrel (hereinafter, this space may be referred to as “a space in the setting tool”). Since the obstacle is disposed on the rear end, the rear end of the mandrel may be cut out so that the obstacle can be disposed. The shape of the notch is preferably substantially the same as the surface shape of the obstacle.
 マンドレル11の外周面または内周面に有し得る凸部、段部、フランジ部および凹部(溝部)は、フラックプラグ1を坑井内で移送する際の支承部位として利用することもでき、また、マンドレル11の外周面または内周面に、別部材を取り付けたり固定したりするための部位として利用することもできる。また、マンドレル11が中空部を有する場合、流路閉塞のための障害物を保持する座面とすることができる。マンドレル11の中空部が、少なくとも後端に存在する場合には開口した状態となるが、この開口部を、障害物を保持可能な形状のシートとすることにより、障害物をより確実に着座させ、結果としてより確実に流路を閉塞することができる。尚、シートとしては、マンドレル11の開口部をシート形状とするだけでなく、中央部が開口したシート部材をマンドレル11に付帯させても良い。例えば、障害物としてボールを使用する場合には、ダウンホールプラグのシート(ボール座)における開口部のサイズを適切に選択することにより、ボールの割れおよび抜け出しを防ぎ、より確実に流路を閉塞することができる。さらに、マンドレル11の外周面には、マンドレル11の軸方向に直交する外周面上に取り付けられる部材の内周面と共同して、該部材のマンドレルの軸方向に沿う一方向への移動を許容し、反対方向への移動を規制する複数のかみ合い部を形成して、マンドレルの軸方向に直交するリング状のラチェット機構を構成するようにしてもよい。 The convex portion, stepped portion, flange portion and concave portion (groove portion) that can be provided on the outer peripheral surface or inner peripheral surface of the mandrel 11 can also be used as a support portion when the flack plug 1 is transferred in the well, It can also be used as a part for attaching or fixing another member to the outer peripheral surface or inner peripheral surface of the mandrel 11. Moreover, when the mandrel 11 has a hollow part, it can be set as the seat surface holding the obstruction | occlusion for flow path obstruction | occlusion. When the hollow portion of the mandrel 11 is present at least at the rear end, the mandrel 11 is in an open state. By using the opening as a seat that can hold the obstacle, the obstacle can be more securely seated. As a result, the flow path can be blocked more reliably. In addition, as a sheet | seat, not only the opening part of the mandrel 11 may be made into a sheet | seat shape, but the sheet | seat member which the center part opened may be attached to the mandrel 11. For example, when using a ball as an obstacle, the size of the opening in the seat (ball seat) of the downhole plug is appropriately selected to prevent the ball from cracking and coming out and to block the flow path more securely. can do. Further, the outer surface of the mandrel 11 is allowed to move in one direction along the axial direction of the mandrel together with the inner peripheral surface of the member attached on the outer peripheral surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the mandrel 11. However, a plurality of meshing portions that restrict movement in the opposite direction may be formed to constitute a ring-shaped ratchet mechanism that is orthogonal to the axial direction of the mandrel.
 〔マンドレルを形成する材料〕
 ダウンホールプラグに備えられるマンドレル11を形成する材料は、特に限定されず、従来、ダウンホールプラグに備えられるマンドレルを形成する材料として使用されている材料を使用することができる。例えば、金属材料(アルミニウム、スチール、およびステンレス鋼等)、繊維、木、複合材および樹脂などを挙げることができる。具体的には、炭素繊維等の強化材を含有する複合材、特に、エポキシ樹脂およびフェノール樹脂等の重合体を含有する複合材などを挙げることができる。本実施形態のダウンホールプラグは、ダウンホールプラグの除去および流路の確保を容易にすることにより坑井掘削の経費軽減および工程短縮ができるダウンホールプラグであることから、マンドレル11が分解性材料から形成されるものであることが好ましい。
[Materials for forming mandrels]
The material forming the mandrel 11 provided in the downhole plug is not particularly limited, and a material conventionally used as a material forming the mandrel provided in the downhole plug can be used. For example, metal materials (such as aluminum, steel, and stainless steel), fibers, wood, composite materials, and resins can be used. Specifically, a composite material containing a reinforcing material such as carbon fiber, particularly a composite material containing a polymer such as an epoxy resin and a phenol resin can be given. Since the downhole plug of the present embodiment is a downhole plug that can reduce the cost of well drilling and shorten the process by facilitating the removal of the downhole plug and securing the flow path, the mandrel 11 is made of a degradable material. It is preferable that it is formed from.
 〔分解性材料〕
 本実施形態に用いられるダウンホールプラグにおいて、マンドレル11が分解性材料から形成されるものである場合、分解性材料としては、生分解性または加水分解性を有する分解性材料、更に他の何らかの方法によって化学的に分解することができる分解性材料を使用することができる。
(Degradable material)
In the downhole plug used in the present embodiment, when the mandrel 11 is formed of a degradable material, the degradable material may be a degradable material having biodegradability or hydrolyzability, or any other method. It is possible to use degradable materials that can be chemically decomposed.
 なお、従来ダウンホールプラグに備えられるマンドレルとして汎用されているアルミニウム等の金属材料のように、大きな機械的な力を加えることにより、破壊、崩壊等物理的に分解する材料は、ダウンホールプラグに備えられるマンドレル11を形成する分解性材料には該当しない。ただし、分解性樹脂と金属材料または無機物との複合材にみられるように、重合度の低下等により本来の樹脂が有した強度が低下して脆くなった結果、極めて小さい機械的力を加えることによって簡単に崩壊し、形状を失うような材料は、前記の分解性材料に該当する。具体的には、ポリグリコール酸(以下、「PGA」ということがある。)を始めとする分解性樹脂等の分解性材料からなる母材に、所定形状の窪み等の凹部を設け、該凹部の形状に合致する形状の金属(金属片等)または無機物をはめ込んで、これらを接着剤で固定したり、金属片または無機物と母材が固定状態を維持できるように針金、繊維等を巻きつけて固定したりしてなるものが挙げられる。 In addition, materials that physically break down such as destruction and collapse by applying a large mechanical force, such as a metal material such as aluminum, which has been widely used as a mandrel for conventional downhole plugs, can be used for downhole plugs. It does not correspond to the degradable material forming the mandrel 11 provided. However, as seen in composites of degradable resins and metal materials or inorganic substances, the strength of the original resin is reduced due to a decrease in the degree of polymerization, etc., resulting in brittleness. The material that easily disintegrates and loses its shape corresponds to the degradable material. Specifically, a concave portion such as a recess having a predetermined shape is provided on a base material made of a degradable material such as polyglycolic acid (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “PGA”). Fit metal (metal piece, etc.) or inorganic material that matches the shape of the wire and fix it with an adhesive, or wrap a wire, fiber, etc. so that the metal piece or inorganic material and base material can be fixed. And fixing them.
 本実施形態に用いられるダウンホールプラグにおいて、マンドレル11が分解性材料から形成されるものである場合、所定温度以上の水によって分解する加水分解性材料であることが好ましい。また、分解性材料は、PGAを主成分とすることがより好ましく、PGAのなかでも重量平均分子量が15万以上のポリグリコール酸が好ましく、重量平均分子量18万以上の高分子量のポリグリコール酸が高強度であるため特に好ましい。すなわち、マンドレル11が、高分子量のPGAから形成されるダウンホールプラグが望ましいものである。さらに、分解性材料が、強化材を含有するものでもよく、他の配合成分を含有するものとすることもできる。また、マンドレル11を形成する分解性材料としては分解性金属を用いることもできる。マンドレル11に用いる分解性金属としては、高強度であることからMg合金が好ましい。 In the downhole plug used in this embodiment, when the mandrel 11 is formed from a decomposable material, it is preferably a hydrolyzable material that decomposes with water at a predetermined temperature or higher. Further, the degradable material is preferably composed mainly of PGA, and among PGA, polyglycolic acid having a weight average molecular weight of 150,000 or more is preferred, and high molecular weight polyglycolic acid having a weight average molecular weight of 180,000 or more is preferred. Particularly preferred because of its high strength. That is, a downhole plug in which the mandrel 11 is formed of high molecular weight PGA is desirable. Further, the decomposable material may contain a reinforcing material, or may contain other compounding components. In addition, as a decomposable material for forming the mandrel 11, a decomposable metal can be used. The decomposable metal used for the mandrel 11 is preferably an Mg alloy because of its high strength.
 2)マンドレルの軸方向に直交する外周面上に取り付けられる部材
 本実施形態に用いられるダウンホールプラグは、マンドレルと、マンドレルの軸方向に直交する外周面上に取り付けられる部材とを備える。すなわち、ダウンホールプラグにおいて、該プラグの移送、設置、坑井孔の閉塞およびフラクチャリングを効率的かつ確実に行うため、更に、取扱い性を改善するためなどの目的で、通常、マンドレルの外周面上に種々の部材が取り付けられる。マンドレルの軸方向に直交する外周面上に取り付けられる部材としては、従来、ダウンホールプラグにおいて使用されている部材であれば特に限定されない。特にフラックプラグ1については、図3に示す通り、スリップ12、ウエッジ13、1対のリング状固定部材14、および、拡径可能な環状のゴム部材15からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1つが好ましく挙げられる。なお、これらの部材としては、それぞれの部材をマンドレルに取り付けるための取り付け部材を含む意味で部材と称するものである。
2) Member attached on the outer peripheral surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the mandrel The downhole plug used in the present embodiment includes a mandrel and a member attached on the outer peripheral surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the mandrel. That is, in the downhole plug, the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel is usually used for the purpose of efficiently and reliably carrying out the plug transfer, installation, blocking the wellbore, and fracturing, and further improving the handleability. Various members are mounted on the top. The member attached on the outer peripheral surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the mandrel is not particularly limited as long as it is a member conventionally used in a downhole plug. In particular, the flack plug 1 preferably includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a slip 12, a wedge 13, a pair of ring-shaped fixing members 14, and an annular rubber member 15 capable of expanding the diameter, as shown in FIG. 3. It is done. These members are referred to as members in the sense that they include attachment members for attaching the respective members to the mandrel.
 〔マンドレルの軸方向に直交する外周面上に取り付けられる部材を形成する材料〕
 本実施形態に用いられるマンドレルの外周面上に取り付けられる部材を形成する材料は、特に限定されず、従来、ダウンホールプラグに備えられる該部材を形成する材料として使用されている材料を使用することができる。例えば、金属材料(アルミニウム、スチール、およびステンレス鋼等)、繊維、木、複合材および樹脂などを挙げることができ、具体的には、炭素繊維等の強化材を含有する複合材、特に、エポキシ樹脂およびフェノール樹脂等の重合体を含有する複合材などを挙げることができる。使用後の閉塞の解除および流路の確保を容易にすることにより坑井掘削の経費軽減および工程短縮ができるという観点から、先にマンドレルについて説明したと同様に、上記部材の少なくとも1つが分解性材料から形成されるものであることが好ましい。
[Material for forming a member to be mounted on the outer peripheral surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the mandrel]
The material for forming the member attached to the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel used in the present embodiment is not particularly limited, and a material conventionally used as a material for forming the member included in the downhole plug is used. Can do. For example, metal materials (aluminum, steel, stainless steel, etc.), fibers, wood, composite materials and resins can be mentioned. Specifically, composite materials containing reinforcing materials such as carbon fibers, particularly epoxy Examples thereof include a composite material containing a resin and a polymer such as a phenol resin. From the viewpoint that the cost of well drilling can be reduced and the process can be shortened by facilitating the release of the blockage after use and the securing of the flow path, at least one of the above members is degradable in the same manner as described for the mandrel. It is preferably formed from a material.
 〔分解性材料〕
 本実施形態に用いられるダウンホールプラグにおいて、上記部材の少なくとも1つを形成する分解性材料としては、先にマンドレルに説明したと同様に、生分解性または加水分解性を有する分解性材料、更に他の何らかの方法によって化学的に分解することができる分解性材料、脆化して簡単に崩壊させることのできる分解性材料を使用することができる。また、部材が拡径可能な環状のゴム部材である場合は、分解性材料として、例えば、脂肪族ポリエステル系ゴム、ポリウレタンゴム、天然ゴム、ポリイソプレン、アクリルゴム、脂肪族ポリエステルゴム、ポリエステル系熱可塑性エラストマー、およびポリアミド系熱可塑性エラストマー等の分解性ゴムを使用することができる。
(Degradable material)
In the downhole plug used in the present embodiment, as the degradable material forming at least one of the above members, the degradable material having biodegradability or hydrolyzability, as described in the mandrel, Degradable materials that can be chemically decomposed by some other method, degradable materials that can become brittle and easily disintegrate can be used. Further, when the member is an annular rubber member capable of expanding the diameter, examples of the decomposable material include aliphatic polyester rubber, polyurethane rubber, natural rubber, polyisoprene, acrylic rubber, aliphatic polyester rubber, polyester heat Decomposable rubbers such as plastic elastomers and polyamide-based thermoplastic elastomers can be used.
 3)ダウンホールプラグの稼働、設置と坑井孔の閉塞
 本実施形態に用いられるダウンホールプラグは、後述するセッティングツールによって稼働され坑井孔に設置される。例えば、フラックプラグ1においては、1対のリング状固定部材14同士のマンドレルの軸方向の距離を縮小させる力を加えることにより、スリップ12がウエッジ13の斜面の上面に乗り上げてマンドレルの軸方向と直交する外方に移動する。そして、該スリップ12のマンドレルの軸方向と直交する最外方の周面が、坑井孔の内壁と当接することで、プラグを坑井孔の所定位置に設置することができる。また、拡径可能な環状のゴム部材15がマンドレルの軸方向に圧縮されて、軸方向の距離が縮小(縮径)することに伴い、拡径可能な環状のゴム部材15が、マンドレルの軸方向と直交する方向に拡径する。該環状のゴム部材15は、拡径して、軸方向に直交する方向の外方部が坑井孔の内壁と当接するとともに、軸方向に直交する方向の内方部がマンドレルの外周面に当接することにより、プラグ1と坑井孔との間の空間を閉塞(シール)することができる(坑井孔の閉塞)。次いで、プラグと坑井孔との間の空間を閉塞(シール)した状態で、フラクチャリングを行うことができる。
3) Operation and installation of downhole plug and closure of well hole The downhole plug used in the present embodiment is operated by a setting tool described later and installed in the well hole. For example, in the flack plug 1, the slip 12 rides on the upper surface of the slope of the wedge 13 by applying a force that reduces the axial distance of the mandrel between the pair of ring-shaped fixing members 14 and the axial direction of the mandrel. Move outwards perpendicular to each other. Then, the outermost peripheral surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the mandrel of the slip 12 abuts against the inner wall of the well hole, so that the plug can be installed at a predetermined position of the well hole. Further, as the diameter-expandable annular rubber member 15 is compressed in the axial direction of the mandrel and the axial distance is reduced (reduced diameter), the diameter-expandable annular rubber member 15 becomes the axis of the mandrel. The diameter is expanded in a direction orthogonal to the direction. The annular rubber member 15 is expanded in diameter, the outer part in the direction orthogonal to the axial direction abuts the inner wall of the well hole, and the inner part in the direction orthogonal to the axial direction is on the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel. By abutting, the space between the plug 1 and the well hole can be closed (seal) (blocking of the well hole). Next, fracturing can be performed in a state where the space between the plug and the well hole is closed (sealed).
 (2)セッティングツール
 本実施形態の坑井閉塞装置に用いられるセッティングツールは略円柱形状で、セッティングロッドとセッティングスリーブとを含む。セッティングロッドは通常棒状で、セッティングツールの断面(略円柱の底面と平行の断面)において中央に配置される。すなわち、セッティングロッドはセッティングツールの中空部に挿入されている。また、セッティングスリーブはセッティングロッドの長軸の一端を取り囲む筒状のものである。
(2) Setting tool The setting tool used in the well closing device of the present embodiment has a substantially cylindrical shape and includes a setting rod and a setting sleeve. The setting rod is generally rod-shaped, and is arranged at the center in the section of the setting tool (substantially parallel to the bottom of the cylinder). That is, the setting rod is inserted into the hollow portion of the setting tool. The setting sleeve has a cylindrical shape surrounding one end of the long axis of the setting rod.
 本実施形態のセッティングツール自体またはその一部分は、アダプターキットと呼ばれることもあり、アダプターキットはセッティングロッドおよびセッティングスリーブを含む。 The setting tool itself or a part thereof according to the present embodiment may be called an adapter kit, and the adapter kit includes a setting rod and a setting sleeve.
 本実施形態に用いられるセッティングツールはダウンホールプラグの後端より後ろから中空部内後端側にかけて配置され、セッティングロッドおよびセッティングツールはそれぞれダウンホールプラグと接する。すなわち、セッティングロッドはマンドレルに直接的または間接的に接続され、セッティングスリーブはマンドレルの軸方向に直交する外周面上に取り付けられる部材と隣り合って設置される。セッティングツールが稼働すると、セッティングスリーブがマンドレルの外周面上に取り付けられる部材の後端方向への移動を抑制するのに対し、セッティングロッドが後端方向に移動してマンドレルに後端方向への力を伝えることでマンドレルを後端方向へ引き抜き、上述の通りダウンホールプラグが稼働する。一例として、爆発によって生じたガスで稼働するセッティングスリーブとセッティングロッドを含むセッティングツールが挙げられる。 The setting tool used in this embodiment is arranged from the rear end of the downhole plug to the rear end side of the hollow portion, and the setting rod and the setting tool are in contact with the downhole plug. That is, the setting rod is directly or indirectly connected to the mandrel, and the setting sleeve is installed adjacent to a member attached on the outer peripheral surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the mandrel. When the setting tool is activated, the setting sleeve moves in the rear end direction while the setting sleeve moves in the rear end direction while the setting sleeve suppresses the movement in the rear end direction of the member mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel. , The mandrel is pulled out toward the rear end, and the downhole plug operates as described above. An example is a setting tool that includes a setting sleeve and a setting rod that operate on gas generated by an explosion.
 1)セッティングロッド
 本実施形態の坑井閉塞装置において、セッティングロッドはマンドレルと接続させるが、セッティングロッドは通常、セッティングスリーブに囲まれている端部とは逆側の端部においてマンドレルと直接的または間接的に接続させる。また、セッティングロッドは、マンドレルの後方の開口部から、マンドレルの中空部に挿入されている。マンドレルにおけるセッティングロッドとの接続位置は、マンドレルの長軸方向の後端側でも中央でも前端側でもよいが、マンドレルが樹脂製などで圧縮強度が不足である場合は、マンドレルの前端側に接続することが好ましい。その場合、セッティングロッドはマンドレルの後端側から中空部を通って前端側に接続させる。以下にセッティングロッドとマンドレルの前端を接続させる例を、図2および図3を用いて説明する。
1) Setting rod In the well closing device of this embodiment, the setting rod is connected to the mandrel, but the setting rod is usually directly or directly connected to the mandrel at the end opposite to the end surrounded by the setting sleeve. Connect indirectly. The setting rod is inserted into the hollow portion of the mandrel from the opening at the rear of the mandrel. The connection position of the mandrel with the setting rod may be on the rear end side, center, or front end side in the long axis direction of the mandrel, but if the mandrel is made of resin or the like and the compression strength is insufficient, connect to the front end side of the mandrel. It is preferable. In this case, the setting rod is connected from the rear end side of the mandrel to the front end side through the hollow portion. An example in which the setting rod and the front end of the mandrel are connected will be described below with reference to FIGS.
 図2のセッティングロッド21は接続部23でダウンホールプラグ1と接続される。接続部23の接続方法は、マンドレル11の前端に直接接続および固定する方法と、マンドレル11の前端に設置され、マンドレル11に設置された接続用部材(図示せず)を介して間接的に接続および固定する方法とが挙げられる。接続部23のダウンホールプラグ1への固定方法としては、接続部23の外周に刻まれたネジでダウンホールプラグ1に固定する方法と、ピンで固定する方法とが挙げられる。ネジおよびピンはマンドレルの軸方向にかかる力によって破損し、ダウンホールプラグとセッティングツールの接続が解除されるものであることが好ましい。 The setting rod 21 in FIG. 2 is connected to the downhole plug 1 at the connection portion 23. The connection part 23 is connected directly to and fixed to the front end of the mandrel 11 and indirectly connected via a connection member (not shown) installed at the front end of the mandrel 11. And a fixing method. As a method for fixing the connection portion 23 to the downhole plug 1, there are a method for fixing the connection portion 23 to the downhole plug 1 with a screw carved on the outer periphery of the connection portion 23 and a method for fixing with a pin. It is preferable that the screw and the pin are broken by the force applied in the axial direction of the mandrel, and the connection between the downhole plug and the setting tool is released.
 後述する通り、本実施形態の坑井閉塞装置は、セッティングスリーブ内壁、セッティングロッド、ならびにマンドレル後端、または後端に取り付けられた部材によって形成される空間に障害物を配置する。したがって、セッティングロッドは、セッティングスリーブ内に障害物(ボール)が内包できるよう棒状の一部を窪ませる、屈曲させる、または軸方向に扇状に削るなどして変形させても良い。すなわち、セッティングロッドは軸方向に対して溝または切欠き構造を設けても良い。 As will be described later, the well closing device of the present embodiment places an obstacle in a space formed by a setting sleeve inner wall, a setting rod, and a mandrel rear end or a member attached to the rear end. Therefore, the setting rod may be deformed by denting, bending, or shaving it in a fan shape in the axial direction so that an obstacle (ball) can be included in the setting sleeve. That is, the setting rod may be provided with a groove or a notch structure in the axial direction.
 具体的なセッティングロッドの変形の例としては、セッティングロッドの横断面である円形の一部を直線状に切り取ったもの(図5の(A))、曲線状に切り取ったもの(図5の(B))、または角状に切り取ったもの(図5の(C)および(C’))などが挙げられる。 As a specific example of deformation of the setting rod, a part of a circular shape which is a cross section of the setting rod is cut out in a straight line ((A) in FIG. 5), and a part cut out in a curved shape (( B)), or those cut into squares ((C) and (C ′) in FIG. 5).
 セッティングロッドの機能を阻害しない限り、セッティングロッド全長における変形の位置や長さは特に限定されないが、図5に示す変形部分は、セッティングロッドのダウンホールプラグと接続されていないほうの先端(前端)からダウンホールプラグの後端までの長さのうち、前端側にあることが好ましい。また、変形部分の長さはセッティングロッドの軸方向に10mm以上あることが好ましい。
2)セッティングスリーブ
 本実施形態のセッティングスリーブ22は、マンドレル11の外周面上に取り付けられる部材の後端側に隣り合って位置しており、マンドレルの外周面上の部材の後ろ側への移動を抑制する機能をもつ。
As long as the function of the setting rod is not hindered, the position and length of deformation in the entire length of the setting rod are not particularly limited, but the deformed portion shown in FIG. 5 is the tip (front end) of the setting rod that is not connected to the down hole plug. It is preferable that it exists in the front end side among the length from the rear end of the down hole plug. The length of the deformed portion is preferably 10 mm or more in the axial direction of the setting rod.
2) Setting sleeve The setting sleeve 22 of the present embodiment is located adjacent to the rear end side of the member attached on the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel 11, and moves the member on the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel to the rear side. Has a function to suppress.
 また、セッティングスリーブはセッティングロッドと同様に、障害物(ボール)が内包できるよう、内壁に溝または切り欠き構造を設けても良い。具体的なセッティングスリーブ内壁の溝の例としては、セッティングスリーブの横断面において曲線状の溝(図6の(A))、または角状の溝(図6の(B)および(C))、が挙げられる。 Also, like the setting rod, the setting sleeve may be provided with a groove or notch structure on the inner wall so that an obstacle (ball) can be enclosed. Specific examples of the groove on the inner wall of the setting sleeve include a curved groove ((A) in FIG. 6) or a square groove ((B) and (C) in FIG. 6) in the cross section of the setting sleeve, Is mentioned.
 セッティングスリーブ内壁の溝は、セッティングスリーブの内側に障害物が内包できる形状であれば良く、位置や長さ、深さは特に限定されないが、図6に示された溝は長さ(セッティングスリーブの軸方向)が10mm以上、幅が5mm以上、深さが1mm以上であることが好ましい。 The groove on the inner wall of the setting sleeve may be any shape as long as an obstacle can be enclosed inside the setting sleeve, and the position, length and depth are not particularly limited, but the groove shown in FIG. The axial direction is preferably 10 mm or more, the width is 5 mm or more, and the depth is 1 mm or more.
 〔セッティングツールを形成する材料〕
 本実施形態に用いられるセッティングツールを形成する材料は、特に限定されず、従来、使用されている材料を使用することができる。
[Material forming the setting tool]
The material forming the setting tool used in the present embodiment is not particularly limited, and a conventionally used material can be used.
 (3)ダウンホールプラグの流路を閉塞するための障害物
 本実施形態に用いられるダウンホールプラグの流路を閉塞するための障害物は、セッティングツールのセッティングスリーブ内壁、セッティングロッドおよびマンドレル後端または後端に取り付けられた部材によって形成される空間に配置されている。ダウンホールプラグの流路を閉塞するための障害物は、坑井内にダウンホールプラグを設置し、セッティングロッドが除去された後にダウンホールプラグの流路を塞ぐ機能をもつ。障害物の形状は、ダウンホールプラグの流路を塞ぐことができ、且つ上記のセッティングツール内の空間におさまることのできる大きさ、形であれば特に制限されず、例えば、ボール、ダート、またはディスク等の形状が挙げられる。中でもボールは、どの向きに着座してもシートの開口を塞ぐことができ、確実な流路の閉塞が可能なので好ましい。
(3) Obstacles for closing the flow path of the downhole plug The obstacles for closing the flow path of the downhole plug used in this embodiment are the setting sleeve inner wall of the setting tool, the setting rod and the rear end of the mandrel. Or it arrange | positions in the space formed of the member attached to the rear end. An obstacle for closing the flow path of the down hole plug has a function of installing the down hole plug in the well and closing the flow path of the down hole plug after the setting rod is removed. The shape of the obstacle is not particularly limited as long as it is a size and shape that can block the flow path of the downhole plug and fit in the space in the above setting tool, for example, a ball, a dirt, or The shape of a disk etc. is mentioned. Above all, the ball is preferable because the opening of the seat can be closed regardless of the seating direction, and the channel can be reliably closed.
 〔ダウンホールプラグの流路を閉塞するための障害物を形成する材料〕
 本実施形態に用いられるダウンホールプラグの流路を閉塞するための障害物を形成する材料は、特に限定されず、従来、該障害物を形成する材料として使用されている材料を使用することができる。例えば、金属材料(アルミニウム、スチール、またはステンレス鋼等)、繊維、木、複合材および樹脂などを挙げることができ、具体的には、炭素繊維等の強化材を含有する複合材、特に、エポキシ樹脂およびフェノール樹脂等の重合体を含有する複合材などを挙げることができる。ダウンホールプラグ使用後の閉塞の解除および流路の確保を容易にすることにより坑井掘削の経費軽減および工程短縮ができるという観点から、先にマンドレルについて説明したと同様に、上記障害物の少なくとも一部が分解性材料から形成されるものであることが好ましい。分解性材料としては、PGAを主成分とすることがより好ましい。PGAを主成分とする場合、PGAの重量平均分子量は強度を高くする観点から大きい方が好ましく、例えば、5万以上が好ましく、10万以上がより好ましく、15万以上がさらに好ましい。
[Material that forms an obstacle to block the channel of the downhole plug]
The material forming the obstacle for closing the flow path of the downhole plug used in the present embodiment is not particularly limited, and a material conventionally used as a material forming the obstacle may be used. it can. For example, metal materials (aluminum, steel, stainless steel, etc.), fibers, wood, composite materials and resins can be mentioned. Specifically, composite materials containing reinforcing materials such as carbon fibers, particularly epoxy Examples thereof include a composite material containing a resin and a polymer such as a phenol resin. From the viewpoint of reducing the cost of well drilling and shortening the process by facilitating the release of the blockage after use of the downhole plug and the securing of the flow path, at least one of the obstacles described above is the same as described for the mandrel. It is preferable that a part is formed from a degradable material. As the degradable material, it is more preferable that PGA is a main component. When PGA is the main component, the weight average molecular weight of PGA is preferably larger from the viewpoint of increasing strength, for example, preferably 50,000 or more, more preferably 100,000 or more, and even more preferably 150,000 or more.
 〔分解性材料〕
 本実施形態に用いられるダウンホールプラグの流路を閉塞するための障害物を形成する分解性材料としては、先にマンドレルについて説明したと同様に、生分解性、加水分解性を有する分解性材料、更に他の何らかの方法によって化学的に分解することができる分解性材料、脆化して簡単に崩壊させることのできる分解性材料を使用することができる。なかでも、分解性樹脂または分解性金属は、分解速度の調節が容易であることから、上記障害物に用いる分解性材料として好ましい。特に、高強度であることから、分解性樹脂としてはポリグリコール酸が好ましく、分解性金属としてはMg合金が好ましい。
(Degradable material)
As the degradable material for forming an obstacle for closing the flow path of the downhole plug used in the present embodiment, the degradable material having biodegradability and hydrolyzability is the same as described for the mandrel. Furthermore, a degradable material that can be chemically decomposed by some other method, or a degradable material that can be embrittled and easily disintegrated can be used. Among these, a degradable resin or a degradable metal is preferable as a degradable material used for the obstacle because the decomposition rate can be easily adjusted. In particular, because of its high strength, polyglycolic acid is preferable as the decomposable resin, and Mg alloy is preferable as the decomposable metal.
 上述した本実施形態の坑井閉塞装置によれば、ダウンホールプラグの流路を閉塞させる障害物を短時間で確実に供給することができる。したがって、障害物の搬送に伴う障害物の破損を回避することができるとともに、障害物を搬送するための流体量を節約することができる。これにより、坑井掘削の経費を軽減することができるとともに、坑井掘削にかかる工程を短縮することが可能となる。 According to the well blocking device of the present embodiment described above, an obstacle that blocks the flow path of the downhole plug can be reliably supplied in a short time. Accordingly, it is possible to avoid the damage of the obstacle accompanying the conveyance of the obstacle, and to save the amount of fluid for conveying the obstacle. Thereby, while being able to reduce the cost of a well excavation, it becomes possible to shorten the process concerning a well excavation.
 2.坑井の閉塞方法
 本実施形態の坑井閉塞装置は、坑井の深度、および縦穴であるか横穴であるかを問わず使用することができる。
2. Well Closure Method The well closure device of this embodiment can be used regardless of the depth of the well and whether it is a vertical hole or a horizontal hole.
 本実施形態の坑井閉塞装置を用いた坑井の閉塞方法は次のとおりである。まず、本実施形態の坑井閉塞装置を、流体等を使用して坑井内の任意の位置に移動させる(図4の(A))。その後、セッティングツールを稼働させると、ダウンホールプラグは、環状のゴム部材およびスリップが拡径することによって坑井孔の内壁に設置および固定される(図4の(B))。次いでセッティングツールとダウンホールプラグの接続を解除し、マンドレルの中空部からセッティングロッドを取り除く。セッティングスリーブに内包されていた障害物をダウンホールプラグの流路を閉塞させる位置、例えば、マンドレルに設置されるシート(座)に供給、配置させて閉塞を完成させる。 The well closing method using the well closing device of the present embodiment is as follows. First, the well closing device of this embodiment is moved to an arbitrary position in the well using a fluid or the like ((A) of FIG. 4). Thereafter, when the setting tool is operated, the downhole plug is installed and fixed to the inner wall of the wellbore by expanding the diameter of the annular rubber member and the slip ((B) of FIG. 4). Next, disconnect the setting tool from the downhole plug and remove the setting rod from the hollow part of the mandrel. The obstruction contained in the setting sleeve is supplied and arranged at a position where the flow path of the downhole plug is closed, for example, a seat (seat) installed on the mandrel, thereby completing the closing.
 ここで障害物が例えば加水分解性を有する分解性材料で形成されていた場合は、所定時間水に曝すことにより、障害物が分解されて崩壊、溶解または座(受け)の開口から抜けでることで閉塞されていた流路を回復させることができる。 Here, when the obstacle is formed of, for example, a degradable material having hydrolyzability, the obstacle is decomposed by being exposed to water for a predetermined time, so that the obstacle is decomposed, dissolved or removed from the opening of the seat (receiver). It is possible to recover the flow path that has been blocked by.
 3.まとめ
 坑井を閉塞させるための装置であって、ダウンホールプラグと、上記ダウンホールプラグの後端側に配置され、上記ダウンホールプラグを稼働および設置させるセッティングツールと、上記ダウンホールプラグの流路を閉塞させる1つ以上の障害物と、を含み、上記ダウンホールプラグは、少なくとも後端が開口している、中空のマンドレルを含み、上記セッティングツールは上記マンドレルの前端側に直接的または間接的に接続されているセッティングロッドと、上記セッティングロッドの少なくとも一部および上記ダウンホールプラグの少なくとも一部を覆うように配置されているセッティングスリーブと、を含み、上記セッティングロッドは上記マンドレルの後端の開口部からマンドレルの中空部に挿入されており、上記障害物が上記セッティングツール内の空間に内包されている坑井閉塞装置。
3. Summary A device for closing a well, comprising a downhole plug, a setting tool disposed on a rear end side of the downhole plug, for operating and installing the downhole plug, and a flow path of the downhole plug One or more obstacles that occlude, the downhole plug includes a hollow mandrel that is open at least at the rear end, and the setting tool is directly or indirectly on the front end side of the mandrel. And a setting sleeve arranged to cover at least a part of the setting rod and at least a part of the downhole plug, the setting rod at a rear end of the mandrel The obstacle is inserted into the hollow part of the mandrel from the opening. Is a well closing device that is enclosed in a space in the setting tool.
 また、上記マンドレルは樹脂を主成分として含むものであることが好ましい。 Further, it is preferable that the mandrel contains a resin as a main component.
 また、上記マンドレルが分解性金属を主成分として含むものであることが好ましい。 In addition, it is preferable that the mandrel contains a decomposable metal as a main component.
 また、上記マンドレルが分解性樹脂を主成分として含むものであることが好ましい。 In addition, it is preferable that the mandrel contains a decomposable resin as a main component.
 また、上記ダウンホールプラグは上記障害物を受け止めるシート(seat)を含むものであることが好ましい。 The downhole plug preferably includes a seat that receives the obstacle.
 また、上記障害物は、ボール、ダートまたはディスクであることが好ましい。 Further, the obstacle is preferably a ball, a dirt, or a disk.
 また、上記障害物の少なくとも一部が分解性材料を含むことが好ましい。 Moreover, it is preferable that at least a part of the obstacle includes a degradable material.
 また、上記分解性材料が分解性樹脂または分解性金属であることが好ましい。 Further, the decomposable material is preferably a decomposable resin or a degradable metal.
 また、上記マンドレルの後端は、障害物がセッティングツール内の空間に内包可能であるように切欠き構造を有することが好ましい。 Also, it is preferable that the rear end of the mandrel has a notch structure so that an obstacle can be included in the space in the setting tool.
 また、上記セッティングロッドあるいはセッティングスリーブの少なくとも一方は、障害物がセッティングツール内の空間に内包可能とするため、軸方向に対して溝または切り欠き構造を有することが好ましい。 In addition, at least one of the setting rod and the setting sleeve preferably has a groove or a notch structure with respect to the axial direction so that an obstacle can be included in the space in the setting tool.
 上記セッティングロッドあるいはセッティングスリーブの少なくとも一方は、障害物がセッティングツール内の空間に内包可能とするため、軸方向に対して扇状の切り欠き構造を有することが好ましい。 It is preferable that at least one of the setting rod or the setting sleeve has a fan-shaped notch structure with respect to the axial direction so that an obstacle can be included in the space in the setting tool.
 また、上記セッティングロッドは、軸方向に対して溝または切り欠き構造を有することが好ましい。 The setting rod preferably has a groove or notch structure in the axial direction.
 また、上記セッティングスリーブは、内表面に溝を有することが好ましい。 The setting sleeve preferably has a groove on the inner surface.
 ダウンホールプラグと、上記ダウンホールプラグの後端側に配置され、上記ダウンホールプラグを稼働および設置させるセッティングツールと、上記ダウンホールプラグの流路を閉塞させる1つ以上の障害物と、を含む坑井閉塞装置を用いて坑井を一時的に閉塞させる方法であって、上記ダウンホールプラグは、少なくとも後端が開口している、中空のマンドレルを含み、上記セッティングツールは上記マンドレルの前端側に直接的または間接的に接続されているセッティングロッドと、上記セッティングロッドの少なくとも一部および上記ダウンホールプラグの少なくとも一部を覆う形状であるセッティングスリーブと、を含み、上記セッティングロッドは上記マンドレルの後端の開口部からマンドレルの中空部に挿入されており、上記障害物が上記セッティングツール内の空間に内包されている坑井閉塞装置を用いて下記a)からd)の工程によって坑井を一時的に閉塞させる方法:
 a)上記坑井閉塞装置を坑井の任意の位置に移動させ、上記ダウンホールプラグを稼働、設置する;
 b)上記セッティングツールと上記ダウンホールプラグの接続を解除し、上記セッティングロッドを引き抜く;
 c)上記セッティングツール内の障害物を移動させ、上記マンドレルの中空部における流路を塞ぐ;
 d)所定時間経過後、上記障害物を除去して流路を回復する。
A downhole plug, a setting tool which is disposed on a rear end side of the downhole plug and operates and installs the downhole plug, and one or more obstacles which block the flow path of the downhole plug. A method of temporarily closing a well using a well closing device, wherein the downhole plug includes a hollow mandrel having at least a rear end opened, and the setting tool is on a front end side of the mandrel. A setting rod that is connected directly or indirectly to the setting rod, and a setting sleeve configured to cover at least a part of the setting rod and at least a part of the downhole plug, the setting rod including the mandrel It is inserted through the opening at the rear end into the hollow part of the mandrel and Things a method for temporarily blocking the wells with steps d) from the following a) using a wellbore occlusion device which is contained in the space in the setting tool:
a) Move the well closure device to an arbitrary position in the well and operate and install the downhole plug;
b) Disconnect the setting tool from the downhole plug and pull out the setting rod;
c) moving the obstacle in the setting tool to block the flow path in the hollow part of the mandrel;
d) After a predetermined time has elapsed, the obstacle is removed to restore the flow path.
 本発明は、セッティングツールとダウンホールプラグとを含む坑井閉塞装置において、ダウンホールプラグの流路を閉塞させる障害物をダウンホールプラグに近接するセッティングツールに内包させることによって、ダウンホールプラグへの障害物の供給を短時間かつ安全に行い、障害物破損の回避、および障害物を搬送するための流体量の節約をはじめとした坑井掘削の経費軽減および工程短縮ができる坑井閉塞装置が提供されるため、産業上の利用可能性が高い。また、上記坑井閉塞装置を用いて坑井を一時的に閉塞させる方法が提供されるため、産業上の利用可能性が高い。 The present invention relates to a well closing device including a setting tool and a downhole plug, and by incorporating an obstacle that closes the flow path of the downhole plug in the setting tool adjacent to the downhole plug, A well closure device that can supply obstacles quickly and safely, avoids damage to obstacles, reduces the cost of well drilling, including reducing the amount of fluid used to transport obstacles, and shortens the process. Because it is provided, it has high industrial applicability. Moreover, since the method of closing the well temporarily using the said well closing apparatus is provided, industrial applicability is high.
 1      : フラックプラグ
 2      : セッティングツール
 3      : ボール
 12a、12b: スリップ
 13a、13b: ウエッジ
 14a、14b: リング状固定部材
 15     : 拡径可能な環状のゴム部材
 21     : セッティングロッド
 22     : セッティングスリーブ
 23     : セッティングツールとフラックプラグとの接続部
 H      : 坑井孔の内壁
1: Flack plug 2: Setting tool 3: Ball 12a, 12b: Slip 13a, 13b: Wedge 14a, 14b: Ring-shaped fixing member 15: Expandable annular rubber member 21: Setting rod 22: Setting sleeve 23: Setting Connection part between tool and flack plug H: Inner wall of borehole

Claims (14)

  1.  坑井を閉塞させるための装置であって、
     ダウンホールプラグと、
     上記ダウンホールプラグの後端側に配置され、上記ダウンホールプラグを稼働および設置させるセッティングツールと、
     上記ダウンホールプラグの流路を閉塞させる1つ以上の障害物と、を含み、
     上記ダウンホールプラグは、少なくとも後端が開口している、中空のマンドレルを含み、
     上記セッティングツールは上記マンドレルの前端側に直接的または間接的に接続されているセッティングロッドと、上記セッティングロッドの少なくとも一部および上記ダウンホールプラグの少なくとも一部を覆うように配置されているセッティングスリーブと、を含み、
     上記セッティングロッドは上記マンドレルの後端の開口部からマンドレルの中空部に挿入されており、
     上記障害物が上記セッティングツール内の空間に内包されている坑井閉塞装置。
    A device for closing a well,
    Downhole plugs,
    A setting tool which is arranged on the rear end side of the downhole plug and operates and installs the downhole plug;
    One or more obstacles that block the flow path of the downhole plug,
    The downhole plug includes a hollow mandrel having at least a rear end opened,
    The setting tool includes a setting rod connected directly or indirectly to a front end side of the mandrel, and a setting sleeve arranged to cover at least a part of the setting rod and at least a part of the downhole plug. And including
    The setting rod is inserted into the mandrel hollow from the rear end opening of the mandrel,
    A well closing device in which the obstacle is included in a space in the setting tool.
  2.  上記マンドレルは樹脂を主成分として含むものである請求項1に記載の坑井閉塞装置。 The well closing device according to claim 1, wherein the mandrel includes a resin as a main component.
  3.  上記マンドレルが分解性金属を主成分として含むものである請求項1に記載の坑井閉塞装置。 The well closing device according to claim 1, wherein the mandrel contains a degradable metal as a main component.
  4.  上記マンドレルが分解性樹脂を主成分として含むものである請求項1に記載の坑井閉塞装置。 The well closing device according to claim 1, wherein the mandrel contains a degradable resin as a main component.
  5.  上記ダウンホールプラグは上記障害物を受け止めるシート(seat)を含むものである請求項1に記載の坑井閉塞装置。 The well closing device according to claim 1, wherein the downhole plug includes a seat for receiving the obstacle.
  6.  上記障害物は、ボール、ダートまたはディスクである請求項1に記載の坑井閉塞装置。 The well blocking apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the obstacle is a ball, a dirt, or a disk.
  7.  上記障害物の少なくとも一部が分解性材料を含む請求項1に記載の坑井閉塞装置。 The well blocking apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the obstacle includes a degradable material.
  8.  上記分解性材料が分解性樹脂または分解性金属である請求項7に記載の坑井閉塞装置。 The well closing device according to claim 7, wherein the degradable material is a degradable resin or a degradable metal.
  9.  上記マンドレルの後端は、障害物がセッティングツール内の空間に内包可能であるように切欠き構造を有する請求項1に記載の坑井閉塞装置。 The well closing device according to claim 1, wherein a rear end of the mandrel has a notch structure so that an obstacle can be included in a space in the setting tool.
  10.  上記セッティングロッドあるいはセッティングスリーブの少なくとも一方は、障害物がセッティングツール内の空間に内包可能とするため、軸方向に対して溝または切り欠き構造を有する請求項1に記載の坑井閉塞装置。 The well closing device according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the setting rod and the setting sleeve has a groove or a notch structure in the axial direction so that an obstacle can be included in a space in the setting tool.
  11.  上記セッティングロッドあるいはセッティングスリーブの少なくとも一方は、障害物がセッティングツール内の空間に内包可能とするため、軸方向に対して扇状の上記切り欠き構造を有する請求項10に記載の坑井閉塞装置。 11. The well closing device according to claim 10, wherein at least one of the setting rod and the setting sleeve has a fan-shaped notch structure with respect to the axial direction so that an obstacle can be included in the space in the setting tool.
  12.  上記セッティングロッドは、軸方向に対して溝または切り欠き構造を有する請求項10に記載の坑井閉塞装置。 The well closing device according to claim 10, wherein the setting rod has a groove or a notch structure in the axial direction.
  13.  上記セッティングスリーブは、内表面に溝を有する請求項10に記載の坑井閉塞装置。 The well closing device according to claim 10, wherein the setting sleeve has a groove on an inner surface.
  14.  ダウンホールプラグと、
     上記ダウンホールプラグの後端側に配置され、上記ダウンホールプラグを稼働および設置させるセッティングツールと、
     上記ダウンホールプラグの流路を閉塞させる1つ以上の障害物と、を含む坑井閉塞装置を用いて坑井を一時的に閉塞させる方法であって、
     上記ダウンホールプラグは、少なくとも後端が開口している、中空のマンドレルを含み、
     上記セッティングツールは上記マンドレルの前端側に直接的または間接的に接続されているセッティングロッドと、上記セッティングロッドの少なくとも一部および上記ダウンホールプラグの少なくとも一部を覆う形状であるセッティングスリーブと、を含み、
     上記セッティングロッドは上記マンドレルの後端の開口部からマンドレルの中空部に挿入されており、
     上記障害物が上記セッティングツール内の空間に内包されている坑井閉塞装置を用いて下記a)からd)の工程によって坑井を一時的に閉塞させる方法:
     a)上記坑井閉塞装置を坑井の任意の位置に移動させ、上記ダウンホールプラグを稼働、設置する;
     b)上記セッティングツールと上記ダウンホールプラグの接続を解除し、上記セッティングロッドを引き抜く;
     c)上記セッティングツール内の障害物を移動させ、上記マンドレルの中空部における流路を塞ぐ;
     d)所定時間経過後、上記障害物を除去して流路を回復する。
    Downhole plugs,
    A setting tool which is arranged on the rear end side of the downhole plug and operates and installs the downhole plug;
    A method of temporarily closing a well using a well closing device including one or more obstacles for closing the flow path of the downhole plug,
    The downhole plug includes a hollow mandrel having at least a rear end opened,
    The setting tool includes a setting rod connected directly or indirectly to the front end side of the mandrel, and a setting sleeve having a shape covering at least a part of the setting rod and at least a part of the downhole plug. Including
    The setting rod is inserted into the mandrel hollow from the rear end opening of the mandrel,
    A method of temporarily closing a well by the following steps a) to d) using a well closing device in which the obstacle is included in a space in the setting tool:
    a) Move the well closure device to an arbitrary position in the well and operate and install the downhole plug;
    b) Disconnect the setting tool from the downhole plug and pull out the setting rod;
    c) moving the obstacle in the setting tool to block the flow path in the hollow part of the mandrel;
    d) After a predetermined time has elapsed, the obstacle is removed to restore the flow path.
PCT/JP2018/015857 2017-04-28 2018-04-17 Well closing device and temporary well closing method WO2018198881A1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16/480,043 US20200149368A1 (en) 2017-04-28 2018-04-17 Well plugging apparatus and temporary well plugging method
CN201880006042.2A CN110168190A (en) 2017-04-28 2018-04-17 Mine pit blocking device and mine pit temporary block method
GB1910253.2A GB2575557B (en) 2017-04-28 2018-04-17 Well plugging apparatus and temporary well plugging method
RU2019122321A RU2717466C1 (en) 2017-04-28 2018-04-17 Device for well clogging and method of temporary well clogging
CA3050226A CA3050226C (en) 2017-04-28 2018-04-17 Well plugging apparatus and temporary well plugging method

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017-090649 2017-04-28
JP2017090649 2017-04-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018198881A1 true WO2018198881A1 (en) 2018-11-01

Family

ID=63919219

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2018/015857 WO2018198881A1 (en) 2017-04-28 2018-04-17 Well closing device and temporary well closing method

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20200149368A1 (en)
CN (2) CN110924892A (en)
CA (1) CA3050226C (en)
GB (2) GB2584023B (en)
RU (2) RU2717466C1 (en)
WO (1) WO2018198881A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024019035A1 (en) * 2022-07-21 2024-01-25 興国インテック株式会社 Degradable rubber composition, rubber member, sealing member, and method for producing degradable rubber composition
WO2024019036A1 (en) * 2022-07-21 2024-01-25 興国インテック株式会社 Degradable rubber composition, rubber member, sealing member, and method for producing degradable rubber composition

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019089198A1 (en) * 2017-11-01 2019-05-09 Geodynamics, Inc. Device and method for retrieving a restriction element from a well
US11319770B2 (en) * 2020-06-24 2022-05-03 Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc Downhole tool with a retained object
CN117905413B (en) * 2024-01-26 2024-06-21 重庆昱华新材料科技有限公司 All-metal bridge plug with ball and suitable for sleeves of various specifications

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050205266A1 (en) * 2004-03-18 2005-09-22 Todd Bradley I Biodegradable downhole tools
US20080066917A1 (en) * 2006-09-14 2008-03-20 Bj Services Company Annular fracturing combo service tool
US20080202764A1 (en) * 2007-02-22 2008-08-28 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Consumable downhole tools
US20110240295A1 (en) * 2010-03-31 2011-10-06 Porter Jesse C Convertible downhole isolation plug
US20110277987A1 (en) * 2008-12-23 2011-11-17 Frazier W Lynn Bottom set downhole plug

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2555627A (en) * 1945-12-22 1951-06-05 Baker Oil Tools Inc Bridge plug
US6896061B2 (en) * 2002-04-02 2005-05-24 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Multiple zones frac tool
US10316616B2 (en) * 2004-05-28 2019-06-11 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Dissolvable bridge plug
RU2330931C2 (en) * 2006-09-22 2008-08-10 Schlumberger Technology B.V. Device functioning as packer or temporal stopgap
US9109428B2 (en) * 2009-04-21 2015-08-18 W. Lynn Frazier Configurable bridge plugs and methods for using same
CN102650200B (en) * 2011-02-23 2014-12-10 新疆华油油气工程有限公司 Shot-free unidirectional blocking valve
US9016388B2 (en) * 2012-02-03 2015-04-28 Baker Hughes Incorporated Wiper plug elements and methods of stimulating a wellbore environment
CN104508235B (en) * 2012-07-10 2017-04-05 株式会社吴羽 Hydrocarbon resource reclaim drilling tool component
CN103046896B (en) * 2013-01-17 2015-08-26 四机赛瓦石油钻采设备有限公司 A kind of press-fracturing bridge plug
RU2537713C2 (en) * 2013-11-26 2015-01-10 Олег Сергеевич Николаев Plug packer and insertion tool for packer setting in well (versions)
US9650857B2 (en) * 2014-03-10 2017-05-16 Baker Hughes Incorporated Method of selective release of an object to a seat on a frack plug from immediately adjacent the frack plug
CN105484698B (en) * 2014-10-11 2018-03-13 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Composite bridge plug
CN104632126B (en) * 2014-12-26 2017-11-21 杰瑞能源服务有限公司 A kind of big orifice bridging plug and its set method

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050205266A1 (en) * 2004-03-18 2005-09-22 Todd Bradley I Biodegradable downhole tools
US20080066917A1 (en) * 2006-09-14 2008-03-20 Bj Services Company Annular fracturing combo service tool
US20080202764A1 (en) * 2007-02-22 2008-08-28 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Consumable downhole tools
US20110277987A1 (en) * 2008-12-23 2011-11-17 Frazier W Lynn Bottom set downhole plug
US20110240295A1 (en) * 2010-03-31 2011-10-06 Porter Jesse C Convertible downhole isolation plug

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024019035A1 (en) * 2022-07-21 2024-01-25 興国インテック株式会社 Degradable rubber composition, rubber member, sealing member, and method for producing degradable rubber composition
WO2024019036A1 (en) * 2022-07-21 2024-01-25 興国インテック株式会社 Degradable rubber composition, rubber member, sealing member, and method for producing degradable rubber composition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB201910253D0 (en) 2019-08-28
CN110168190A (en) 2019-08-23
CN110924892A (en) 2020-03-27
GB202009313D0 (en) 2020-08-05
CA3050226A1 (en) 2018-11-01
GB2575557A (en) 2020-01-15
RU2020109744A (en) 2020-06-19
GB2575557B (en) 2020-08-05
RU2020109744A3 (en) 2020-11-26
GB2584023B (en) 2021-08-04
CA3050226C (en) 2020-06-02
RU2717466C1 (en) 2020-03-24
US20200149368A1 (en) 2020-05-14
GB2584023A (en) 2020-11-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2018198881A1 (en) Well closing device and temporary well closing method
US11299956B2 (en) Disintergratable plug element
US11180958B2 (en) Casing float tool
CA2624368C (en) Pressure isolation plug for horizontal wellbore and associated methods
US10024126B2 (en) Downhole tool and method of use
US10208564B2 (en) Tubular airlock assembly
CA2472347C (en) Apparatus and method for expanding tubular members
CA3092898C (en) Interlocking fracture plug for pressure isolation and removal in tubing of well
CA2383150C (en) Expandable downhole tubing
OA12014A (en) Apparatus for and a method of anchoring an expandable conduit.
WO2016161300A1 (en) Disintegrating compression set plug with short mandrel
US12221853B2 (en) Downhole plug
US20210062609A1 (en) Degradable downhole plug
US12139995B2 (en) Hybrid slip

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18790671

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 201910253

Country of ref document: GB

Kind code of ref document: A

Free format text: PCT FILING DATE = 20180417

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 18790671

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP

点击 这是indexloc提供的php浏览器服务,不要输入任何密码和下载