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WO2018196925A1 - Dérivation capacitive permettant de réduire les tensions électriques d'arbre ou les tensions électriques de palier - Google Patents

Dérivation capacitive permettant de réduire les tensions électriques d'arbre ou les tensions électriques de palier Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018196925A1
WO2018196925A1 PCT/DE2018/100405 DE2018100405W WO2018196925A1 WO 2018196925 A1 WO2018196925 A1 WO 2018196925A1 DE 2018100405 W DE2018100405 W DE 2018100405W WO 2018196925 A1 WO2018196925 A1 WO 2018196925A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaft
voltage
bearing
housing
bypass
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2018/100405
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Matthias Goss
Michael Malzer
Original Assignee
Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG filed Critical Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG
Publication of WO2018196925A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018196925A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/40—Structural association with grounding devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
    • F16C41/002—Conductive elements, e.g. to prevent static electricity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/173—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings
    • H02K5/1732—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/083—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor

Definitions

  • Capacitive bypass for reducing electrical shaft voltages or bearing voltages
  • a bearing voltage, d. H. the tension between the two bearing shells is usually correlated with a shaft tension, d. H. the tension between the shaft and mass.
  • Axially interspersed magnetic fields can have a voltage difference (unipolar voltage) between the beginning and end of the bearing shells.
  • a common countermeasure is the grounding of the shaft or a constructive measures to short the bearing halves, such.
  • conductive brushes to reduce the shaft voltage.
  • conductive seals or slip rings can be used, but have the disadvantage that may deteriorate over the life of the contact properties.
  • Conductive bearing grease or oils are based on conductive additives in which the functionality depends on their distribution in the lubricating medium and thus is not always constant.
  • the bearing halves can be sufficiently isolated from each other, so that a current flow is suppressed.
  • a compensation circuit generates a compensation of the unwanted storage current.
  • a reference signal for the compensation is provided via an artificial star point, in which the voltages of the three phases of an electric motor or converter are switched together by means of capacitors.
  • An opposing voltage is generated from these currents via a Umpol transformer, which results in the end in a compensation current, which is fed via a coupling capacitor to the shaft.
  • a disadvantage of this method is that only the voltages of the 3 phases serve as input parameters to provide the compensation current. This means that stray capacitances or bearing currents that do not arise directly in connection with motor or converter operation are not taken into account and therefore no compensation takes place for them.
  • the object of the invention is to realize a technical solution that does not require a compensation circuit and error-prone components. At the same time influences of other stray capacities should be reduced.
  • This object is achieved by a device and a method for reducing a shaft voltage (Uw) on a shaft or a bearing voltage (UWL) between a shaft and a housing.
  • a roller bearing supports the shaft relative to the housing and has a capacity of the rolling bearing (CWL). Electrically parallel to this, there is a further capacitance between the shaft and the housing (Cw-G) due to the arrangement of shaft and housing.
  • An additional bypass capacitance (Cypass) is also arranged electrically parallel thereto.
  • unwanted effects which emanate from a too small total capacity, can be reduced or avoided.
  • a shaft voltage or bearing voltage and possibly resulting destructive bearing current can thereby be reduced.
  • the cause is advantageously irrelevant.
  • the shaft voltage (Uw) usually corresponds to the voltage which the shaft has with respect to the housing or ground.
  • the bearing voltage (UWL) is the voltage that drops between the two bearing shells or rings.
  • the total capacity results from the sum of the capacity of the rolling bearing (CWL), the capacity between shaft and housing (CW-G) and the possibly existing bypass capacity (CBypass). These capacities are connected in parallel in the equivalent circuit diagram.
  • a motor winding is connected to the shaft mechanically, but electrically isolated. Between motor winding and shaft, the capacitance between a motor winding and shaft (Cw-w) is formed.
  • the capacitance between a motor winding and shaft forms a capacitive voltage divider with the total capacitance connected in series.
  • the motor winding may be the electrical winding (coil) of a stator or rotor. Also, the winding may be that of a generator instead of a motor.
  • rolling bearing can also be another component that can take damage by the shaft voltage. In addition to rolling bearings this applies z.
  • gears which may be mounted on the shaft and in engagement with another housing-mounted gear similar transition properties (lubricating film with electrical resistance) and thus may have problems such as a rolling bearing.
  • the capacity of the rolling bearing (CWL), the capacity between shaft and housing (Cw-G) and a capacity between the motor winding and shaft (Cw-w) are considered here as undesirable stray capacitances.
  • the bypass capacitance (Cßypass) is dimensioned such that the shaft voltage (Uw) or bearing voltage (UWL) does not exceed a threshold value.
  • the bypass capacitance (Cbypass) must not be unnecessarily chosen beyond a necessary level, which would result in an unnecessary effort.
  • the maximum permissible bearing voltage usually results in such that there are no destructive, ie abrasive, discharges. The voltage peaks are to be considered, the z. B. by the Common mode current of a frequency converter can be generated. The same applies to a shaft voltage (Uw).
  • bypass capacity is generated by a structurally independent measure.
  • this allows the bypass capacity to be provided willfully rather than randomly. This means that a constructive action is carried out without the
  • the bypass capacitance is provided by an independent component or group of components.
  • the provision of the capacitive bypass as an independent component simpler installation, retrofitting or maintainability can be effected.
  • Stand-alone in this case means that the independent component serves primarily or exclusively for the purpose of providing the bypass capacity.
  • the independent component therefore z.
  • a plate capacitor for example, can be considered as one component or as a component group with both plates as components.
  • a part of the independent component or component group has an electrically conductive connection with the shaft and another part with the housing.
  • the electrically conductive connection of a separate component with a bypass capacitance forms a possibility for a parallel connection to the capacity of the rolling bearing (CWL) and the capacity between the shaft and the housing (CW).
  • bypass capacitance is provided by an array of coaxial tubes.
  • such a bypass capacity can be generated by a concrete structural measure, namely the arrangement of two tubes.
  • bypass capacitance is provided by an array of radially aligned disks 6.
  • a bypass capacity can be generated by a concrete structural measure, namely the arrangement of two radially aligned discs.
  • the component or component group is connected to the rolling bearing 4.
  • this provides a module (integrated rolling bearing) which can be sold separately as such and / or makes simplified assembly possible. Furthermore, no extra mounting step for mounting the capacitive bypass must be performed, but this happens automatically during assembly of the integrated bearing.
  • the capacitive bypass or parts thereof is integrated as a seal of the rolling bearing or as a seal in the rolling bearing.
  • the capacitive bypass is mechanically separated from the rolling bearing, i. H. not connected.
  • the component or the module of the capacitive bypass is then z. B. mechanically connected directly to the shaft and the housing and not with the rolling bearing.
  • the maintainability can be increased. Replacement of only the capacitive bypass or only the (eg worn) rolling bearing is thus made possible, without having to exchange the other component with. Also, the capacitive bypass can be offered as an additional module for retrofitting.
  • shaft is not to be understood as meaning that it is a rotating machine element which transmits only torsional forces.
  • a shaft in the sense of the invention can be just as good an axle, rod, bolt or other component.
  • the decisive factor is that it is an arrangement in which an undesired voltage (interference voltage), referred to here as shaft voltage, occurs.
  • Fig. 1 a is a capacitive equivalent circuit diagram without bypass
  • Fig. 1b a capacitive equivalent circuit with bypass
  • Fig. 2a an axially integrated bypass
  • Fig. 2b is an axial separate bypass
  • Fig. 3a is a radially integrated bypass
  • Fig. 3b is a radial separate bypass
  • FIG. 1a shows a capacitive equivalent circuit diagram for a device without a bypass according to the invention.
  • the following (stray) capacitances are present: Between the motor winding 1 and the shaft 2, a capacitance is formed between the motor winding and the shaft Cw-w. Between the shaft and the housing, a capacitance between shaft and housing CW-G is formed. Between the two bearing shells of a rolling bearing 4 (not shown here), a capacity of the rolling bearing CWL is formed. Since the bearing shells are electrically conductive and conductively connected to the shaft on one side and the housing on the other side, the capacitance between shaft and housing CW-G is parallel to the capacity of the rolling bearing
  • FIGS. 2 a, 2 b, 3 a and 3 b show a shaft 2, which rotates in its own rotation about the axis of symmetry SYM.
  • a rolling bearing 4 - representative of other rotatable components, such.
  • gears, shown - mounted preferably the shaft pierces the roller bearing axially through the inner ring, with which it is mechanically and / or electrically connected.
  • the other side of the rolling bearing 4, in particular its outer ring is connected to a housing 3, which is grounded or has a connection to ground.
  • the capacitive bypass is arranged in the illustration in the gap between shaft 2 and housing 3. It forms a capacitance according to the principle of a plate capacitor.
  • the thereby effective plates or surfaces should have a substantially constant distance and area size during the rotational movement of the shaft 2, so that the rotation has no influence on the electrical, in particular the capacitive properties.
  • the two plates are realized in the various figures either by a tube 5 and a counter tube 5b or a disc 6 and a counter-disc 6b.
  • the tube 5 or the disc 6, which faces away from the shaft 2 must be electrically connected to the housing 3 or the mass.
  • the counter tube 5b or the counter disk 6b must be electrically connected to the shaft.
  • the capacitive bypass is formed by coaxial tubes.
  • This has two such tubes or tubular pieces with a conductive surface, which assume the functionality of both plates of the plate capacitor, in particular a tube 5 and a counter tube 5b.
  • the plates are not flat, but shaped according to the tube round.
  • Tube 5 and counter tube 5b engage each other here, to one of the two consequently has a smaller diameter, so that between the opposite surfaces (plates), push through one another, an air gap is formed, which separates the two plates from each other.
  • the two tubes or plates are aligned in the illustration parallel to the shaft.
  • one of the plates can also be formed by the shaft 2 itself, so that the counter tube 5b can be saved, since the shaft, if it is conductive and has a corresponding shape, can take over this function.
  • the air gap is then formed between the tube 5 and the shaft 2.
  • the capacitive bypass is formed by disks which extend in the radial direction to the shaft 2.
  • This has two such discs or annular pieces with a conductive surface, which take over the functionality of both plates of the plate capacitor, in particular a disc 6 and a counter-disc 6b.
  • the surfaces should be flat in this case, since they would otherwise have a variable distance when rotated against each other, which affects the capacity.
  • the disk 6 and the counter disk 6b rotate with each other at an axial distance by the rotation of the shaft. The axial distance creates an air gap, which separates the two plates (surfaces) from each other.
  • the two disks or surfaces are oriented orthogonally or radially to the shaft 2 in the illustration.
  • FIGS. 2 a and 3 a show an integrated roller bearing 4 b, i. H. the rolling bearing forms a structural unit or module with the capacitive bypass.
  • the parts of the capacitive bypass are mounted directly on the rolling bearing 4, so that an integrated rolling bearing 4b can be provided and delivered as a module.
  • FIGS. 2b and 3b show a separate (or stand-alone) capacitive bypass which is not mechanically connected directly to the roller bearing 4.
  • the tubes 5 or discs 6 have no direct mechanical connection with the roller bearing 4. Instead, they are electrically connected to the housing 3. prevented.
  • the optional counter tube 5b or counter disk 6b is electrically conductively connected to the shaft 2.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé permettant de réduire une tension d'arbre (UW) sur un arbre ou une tension de palier (UWL) entre un arbre et un carter. Un palier à roulement supporte l'arbre par rapport au carter et comprend une capacité du palier à roulement (CWL). Une autre capacité entre l'arbre et le carter (CW-G) est présente de manière électriquement parallèle à celle-ci du fait de la disposition de l'arbre et du carter. Selon l'invention, une capacité de dérivation (CBypass) supplémentaire est également agencée de manière électriquement parallèle à celle-ci.
PCT/DE2018/100405 2017-04-27 2018-04-26 Dérivation capacitive permettant de réduire les tensions électriques d'arbre ou les tensions électriques de palier WO2018196925A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017109050.9 2017-04-27
DE102017109050.9A DE102017109050A1 (de) 2017-04-27 2017-04-27 Kapazitiver Bypass zur Reduzierung elektrischer Wellenspannungen bzw. Lagerspannungen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018196925A1 true WO2018196925A1 (fr) 2018-11-01

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PCT/DE2018/100405 WO2018196925A1 (fr) 2017-04-27 2018-04-26 Dérivation capacitive permettant de réduire les tensions électriques d'arbre ou les tensions électriques de palier

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DE (1) DE102017109050A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018196925A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021204098A1 (de) 2021-04-26 2022-10-27 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Vorrichtung zum elektrischen Koppeln einer drehbar gelagerten Welle und Antriebssystem

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7528494B2 (ja) * 2020-03-25 2024-08-06 日本精工株式会社 転がり軸受及び軸受装置
JP7528493B2 (ja) * 2020-03-25 2024-08-06 日本精工株式会社 転がり軸受及び軸受装置
DE102020215977A1 (de) 2020-12-16 2022-06-23 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Wälzlager

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030057783A1 (en) * 2001-09-27 2003-03-27 Melfi Michael J. System and method of reducing bearing voltage
EP1445850A1 (fr) 2003-02-07 2004-08-11 Ab Skf Dispositif de protection d'un palier contre un courant parasite détériorant
US20080088187A1 (en) * 2006-10-17 2008-04-17 Hitachi, Ltd Electric Motor with Reduced EMI
DE102013212319A1 (de) * 2013-06-26 2014-12-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kapazitive elektrische Anbindung einer Rotorwelle eines Elektromotors
CN204493462U (zh) * 2015-03-12 2015-07-22 温州人本轴承有限公司 一种导电轴承
WO2015185261A1 (fr) * 2014-06-04 2015-12-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Moteur électrique comprenant un condensateur à plaque tournante servant à dévier des courants parasites hf
US20160329780A1 (en) * 2014-02-05 2016-11-10 C-Motive Technologies Inc. Rotary capacitor for shunting high frequency bearing currents and reducing emi in electric machinery

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030057783A1 (en) * 2001-09-27 2003-03-27 Melfi Michael J. System and method of reducing bearing voltage
EP1445850A1 (fr) 2003-02-07 2004-08-11 Ab Skf Dispositif de protection d'un palier contre un courant parasite détériorant
US20080088187A1 (en) * 2006-10-17 2008-04-17 Hitachi, Ltd Electric Motor with Reduced EMI
DE102013212319A1 (de) * 2013-06-26 2014-12-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kapazitive elektrische Anbindung einer Rotorwelle eines Elektromotors
US20160329780A1 (en) * 2014-02-05 2016-11-10 C-Motive Technologies Inc. Rotary capacitor for shunting high frequency bearing currents and reducing emi in electric machinery
WO2015185261A1 (fr) * 2014-06-04 2015-12-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Moteur électrique comprenant un condensateur à plaque tournante servant à dévier des courants parasites hf
CN204493462U (zh) * 2015-03-12 2015-07-22 温州人本轴承有限公司 一种导电轴承

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ANTRIEBSTECHNIK 37, 1998

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021204098A1 (de) 2021-04-26 2022-10-27 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Vorrichtung zum elektrischen Koppeln einer drehbar gelagerten Welle und Antriebssystem

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