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WO2018193096A1 - Rotor pour un moteur électrique à élément de retour de flux de forme spéciale et procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Rotor pour un moteur électrique à élément de retour de flux de forme spéciale et procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018193096A1
WO2018193096A1 PCT/EP2018/060201 EP2018060201W WO2018193096A1 WO 2018193096 A1 WO2018193096 A1 WO 2018193096A1 EP 2018060201 W EP2018060201 W EP 2018060201W WO 2018193096 A1 WO2018193096 A1 WO 2018193096A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
region
coating
inner diameter
permanent magnets
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/060201
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Holger Sedlak
Original Assignee
Efficient Energy Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Efficient Energy Gmbh filed Critical Efficient Energy Gmbh
Publication of WO2018193096A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018193096A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2786—Outer rotors
    • H02K1/2787—Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/2789—Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2791—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/09—Structural association with bearings with magnetic bearings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electric motors, and more particularly to rotors for such electric motors.
  • the electric motors can be used universally. However, special attention is drawn to the use in a heat pump.
  • EP 2 549 1 13 A2 discloses a magnetic rotor and a rotary pump with a magnetic rotor.
  • the rotor is for driving a fluid in a pump housing within a stator of the rotary pump magnetically non-contact drivable and storable.
  • the rotor is encapsulated by means of an outer encapsulation comprising a fluorinated hydrocarbon.
  • the rotor comprises a permanent magnet encased in a metal jacket.
  • the rotary pump includes a pump housing having an inlet for supplying a fluid and an outlet for discharging the fluid.
  • the fluid is, for example, a chemically aggressive acid with a proportion of a gas, e.g. As sulfuric acid with ozone.
  • a magnetic rotor is mounted without contact in the pump housing in a magnetic manner.
  • the rotor is further provided with a magnetic drive having electric coils.
  • the stator is formed with laminated iron, which is in magnetic operative connection with the permanent magnet of the rotor.
  • the drive is designed as a bearingless motor in which the stator is designed as a bearing stator and drive stator at the same time.
  • the rotor is designed as a pancake, wherein the axial height of the rotor is less than or equal to half the diameter of the rotor.
  • the bearingless disc motor is used as a bearingless disc motor with active thrust bearing, as a miniature disc motor, or as a bearingless bioreactor within a non-bearing blood pump.Through a combination of passive reluctance magnetic bearings and lean motor, it is possible to complete a disc rotor with only two actively stabilized radial degrees of freedom requirements for a large air gap, which is necessary in hermetic systems are met by the choice of a bearingless permanent magnetically excited synchronous motor.
  • a bearingless disc motor suitable for driving an axial pump for cardiac assist is designed for speeds of 30,000 revolutions per minute, resulting in a smaller size.
  • stator In the case of the internal rotor concept, there is the problem that the stator always has to be larger than the rotor, that is, the size and design of the rotor is always limited by the stator housing or that the rotor dominates the formation of the stator. This limits the field of application of such a disk motor, which is designed as an internal rotor.
  • disk motors generally have the problem that the rotor, regardless of whether it is designed as an internal rotor or external rotor, pressure differences or pressures in certain directions is exposed. These pressures cause a bearing to be loaded in the direction of pressure acting on the rotor, thus increasing wear, or, if rotor deflection is allowed, the rotor is deflected in that direction and thus leeway for this deflection must be provided.
  • the pump when the pump is used to pump a medium from a pressure area at a first pressure to a pressure area at a second pressure, or to generate such a pressure difference at all, complex design measures must be taken to either a required To achieve resistance to wear, or to provide a margin for an occurring deflection.
  • the stator of an engine is too warm, the heat is transmitted via the motor gap to the rotor and the permanent magnets present there with all the associated problems.
  • the heating of the stator itself is critical.
  • the stator is ty- Typically equipped with coils. Heating the coils can lead to high thermal stress. This high thermal stress in the coils can lead to fatigue of the coil wire insulation in the longer term.
  • problems may occur with respect to a delamination of the sheet metal body, ie the stator body, which consists of a sheet metal body.
  • the stator body which consists of a sheet metal body.
  • deformations or distortions in the stator can cause the motor to no longer run as smoothly as it should or could run.
  • EP 2 975 731 A2 discloses a pancake for an electrical machine having a circular or annular disk-like rotor body and permanent magnets circumferentially adjacent to each other on the rotor body.
  • the rotor body comprises a first material for dissipating heat in the radial direction and further comprises a second electrically non-conductive material in the region of the permanent magnets.
  • the support member is provided with a peripheral edge on which the permanent magnets can be supported to the outside. This edge is just like the area in which the permanent magnets are used, formed of a thermally highly conductive material, such as aluminum.
  • the problem with this concept is that the rotor is effectively used to cool the motor gap.
  • the heat of the motor gap is transmitted by the edge of thermally well conductive material directly to the permanent magnets.
  • the permanent magnets are again on a thermally highly conductive material, such as aluminum arranged.
  • a large amount of heat energy dissipated from the motor gap passes through the permanent magnets.
  • the permanent magnets are therefore constantly exposed to thermal stress. The higher the engine speed, the higher the friction in the engine gap becomes, the higher the thermal stress becomes.
  • Another problem is the design of the magnetic return element.
  • One way to provide the magnetic return circuit element on which permanent magnets are disposed is to use a circular return element or an annular return element depending on the external rotor or inner rotor implementation.
  • the problem is the stability of the entire arrangement.
  • the distance of the return element from the axis of rotation is so large that considerable centrifugal forces act on the return element, especially when very high speeds are desired, such as over 20,000 rev / min.
  • the magnetic return element is very susceptible to destruction, which would immediately lead to destruction of the entire motor.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved concept for a rotor of an electric motor.
  • the present invention is based on the finding that optimum protection of the permanent magnets with respect to the resulting heat in the motor gap is achieved in that the permanent magnets are not provided with a good heat conducting material to the motor gap out, but with a material with poor thermal conductivity, ie with a heat shielding functional did.
  • This ensures that the heat remains in the motor gap and is hardly introduced from there into the rotor with the sensitive permanent magnet, but is either discharged directly from the motor gap or is led from the motor gap via the stator and from there to a heat sink.
  • the heat-sensitive component of the entire electric motor namely the plurality of permanent magnets, which are arranged on the rotor, secured against the heat in the motor gap.
  • stator is insufficiently cooled, there may be the case that even the stator gives off heat to the motor gap.
  • the heat shield on the permanent magnet to the motor gap out is also ensured that this heat is transmitted as little as possible to the rotor.
  • the rotor for an electric motor comprises a plurality of permanent magnets fixed to each other, wherein each permanent magnet has a side facing the motor gap. Further, as a heat shield, a first coating is disposed on the sides of the permanent magnets facing the motor gap, wherein the first coating has a first, low thermal conductivity. In addition, a second coating is provided which is in contact with a respective other side of the plurality of permanent magnets, wherein the second coating has a second thermal conductivity that is greater than the first thermal conductivity. This second coating ensures that even the low heat that is introduced into the permanent magnets via the first coating with the low thermal conductivity is immediately dissipated by them.
  • the second coating is arranged on the permanent magnet, on a side which is not in contact with the first coating, it can even be ensured that heat which nevertheless dissipates via the first coating does not pass through the permanent magnet or as little as possible is dissipated by the permanent magnet, but by the second good thermal conductivity capable coating.
  • the two coatings are formed of different materials or of the same base material, wherein the different thermal conductivities of the different layers are achieved by a number of packing in the second good thermal conductivity coating is greater than the number of packing in the first coating.
  • epoxy resin itself is relatively poor in heat conductivity, so it is well suited for heat shielding on the permanent magnet.
  • a filling with metallic packing significantly increases the thermal conductivity of the epoxy resin.
  • an epoxy resin coating with a high number of packing which is in any case greater than the number of Füil stresses in the first coating. It should be noted, however, that different materials with different thermal conductivities can also be used.
  • the plurality of permanent magnets are mounted on a magnetic return element which defines a space which is filled by the second coating in regions which are adjacent to the permanent magnets, ie regions that are laterally with respect to the motor gap.
  • the first coating is arranged continuously above the second coating, so that the motor gap and also the adjacent lateral regions with respect to the motor gap has a continuous surface on the rotor.
  • the friction is kept as small as possible, because no rough surfaces or surfaces with depressions exist, but a smooth surface of the first coating, which is in the region of the permanent magnet directly on the permanent magnet, and in the area next to the permanent magnet on the second good heat-conducting coating is arranged, the completion of the rotor defined towards the motor gap.
  • the rotor is formed as an external rotor rotor, in which the permanent magnets define a ring with an inner diameter, in which the stator of the motor, on which the coils are located, is arranged.
  • the permanent magnets are further applied to an annular magnetic return element, said magnetic return element a first lower portion, a second, z. B. middle area and a third, z. B. upper area.
  • the first or lower region comprises a first lower inner diameter
  • the second, middle region carries the plurality of permanent magnets
  • the second central region further has a second or middle inner diameter. ser.
  • an upper inner diameter or third inner diameter is also present in the upper region.
  • the second inner diameter is further larger than the first inner diameter and the third inner diameter is larger than the first inner diameter.
  • the third inner diameter is larger than an outer diameter of a stator for the electric motor.
  • a cross-sectionally U-shaped magnetic return element which on the one hand provides a good magnetic inference, which is essential for the functionality of the electric motor.
  • a much more stable construction can be obtained as compared to a return element which is simply arranged as a ring behind the permanent magnets.
  • an inner diameter namely, the third inner diameter will be larger than an outer diameter of a stator of the electric motor, so that the stator and the rotor can be assembled with each other without the magnetic flux.
  • the first inner diameter is smaller than the third inner diameter, it is ensured that on the other side of the return element, ie on the side through which the stator is not mounted, as much material of the magnetic Receptor is placed as close to the axis of rotation, such that field lines see a conclusion, but this sudschiuss due to the intelligent placement of the return material no or only greatly reduced mechanical problems in terms of stability of the magnetic return element and the entire arrangement brings with it. Further, it is preferable to attach to the portion of the magnetic return element having the smallest inner diameter a portion of the rotor to be rotated, such as a radial wheel using the example of a turbo-engine or a compressor motor for a heat pump.
  • the first and second coatings are further applied to shield the heat from the permanent magnet and dissipate the heat passing through the shield.
  • the aspect of thermal shielding can also be used for other motor concepts with other magnetic return elements.
  • the aspect of the magnetic return element which is equipped with different inner diameters and thus in cross-section U-shaped, can also be used directly, ie without heat shielding or even, as in the prior art, with a thermally conductive coating, ie a thermally conductive Edge.
  • both aspects are combined, ie the U-shaped magnetic return element together with the heat-shielding coating on the permanent magnet and the heat-conductive coating next to the permanent magnet.
  • the second thermally conductive coating next to the permanent magnets can namely be used there in particular in the region of the U-shaped magnetic return element which is arranged next to the permanent magnets.
  • the continuous increase may have a non-linear shape, such as a sine or cosine shape, or a circular or cubic shape, or any other non-linear shape. Due to the ease of manufacturability and, as has been found, optimal functionality for the magnetic inference, however, it is preferred that the course of the cross-sectional increase or the decrease in cross-section in the transition region is linear. Furthermore, it is preferred that in the middle region in which the permanent magnets are arranged, upwards or downwards with respect to the permanent magnets, ie adjacent to the permanent magnets, a free area with a height on each side, which is at least greater than one millimeter.
  • the area next to the permanent magnets can furthermore have a slightly smaller inner diameter than the area in which the permanent magnets are arranged directly. Then, an accurate placement of the permanent magnets can be achieved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an electric motor with rotor and stator in external rotor design.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of an electric motor with rotor and stator according to the first aspect of the thermal shield;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the embodiment of the first and second coatings of a same base material and different packing density
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a rotor in external rotor construction with a U-shaped magnetic return element.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a rotor for a thermal shielded electric motor according to the first aspect and a U-shaped magnetic return element according to the second aspect in combination with each other;
  • FIG. 6 shows a perspective schematic view of a rotor for an electric motor according to the second aspect with a U-shaped magnetic return element without the use of the heat-shielding coating;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of a magnetic bearing using the example of an internal rotor with an external stator and permanent magnets on the internal rotor;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic cross section for a heat pump with an electric motor having the rotor according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a rotor 1 and a stator 200, between which a motor gap 40 is arranged.
  • the rotor 1 comprises a plurality of permanent magnets 1 1, 12, 13, 14 fastened to each other.
  • Each permanent magnet of the plurality of permanent magnets 11, 12, 13, 14 has a north pole and a south pole, in particular those shown in FIG Example, four permanent magnets arranged, in such a way that the motor gap towards the north pole and south pole of the annular permanent magnets or the circular sector-shaped permanent magnets alternate, as shown schematically in Fig. 1st marked with N for north and S for south.
  • the stator 200 is opposed to the permanent magnet via the motor gap 400, but the heat-shielding first coating 20 is disposed on the sides of the permanent magnets facing the motor gap, this first heat-shielding coating having a first (low) thermal conductivity.
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross section through the arrangement of Fig. 1 in a schematic manner, in particular the permanent magnet 14 is cut.
  • the heat-shielding first coating 20 is disposed on the permanent magnet 14 and thermally insulated from the motor gap 40.
  • a second coating 30 is disposed, which is in contact with a respective other side of the plurality of permanent magnets.
  • the second coating has a thermal conductivity that is greater than the first thermal conductivity.
  • the other side of the plurality of permanent magnets is the upper flat side 15a or the lower flat side 15b in the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the permanent magnet 14 is embedded so that the motor gap side 15c is surrounded by the first coating, the upper and lower small sides 15b are embedded in the second coating and are touched by the second coating, and the fourth Page 15d of the permanent magnet rests on a Sukonstruk- tion, such as a magnetic yoke 202.
  • the support structure may include in addition to the magnetic yoke 202 nor a bandage, such as a carbon bandage 203, which is not shown in Fig. 2, the however, shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 8.
  • the first coating has a low thermal conductivity, such as a
  • Thermal conductivity of ⁇ 0.25 watts / Km.
  • the low thermal conductivity of the first coating is less than 1 W / Km, and that the high thermal conductivity is greater than 1, 1 W / Km.
  • a coil 16 is indicated in cross-section, which is wound around a pole leg 17 of the stator 200 and together with the permanent magnet 14 and of course together with the other permanent magnets 14 and the other coils provides the electric motor effect ,
  • Fig. 3 shows a preferred embodiment for the production of the two layers 20, 30.
  • Both layers 20, 30 are preferably formed from the same base material.
  • the first coating 20 there are no or only a very small number of thermally conductive fillers.
  • a larger number or a very large number of thermally conductive filling bodies are located in the second coating 30.
  • the base material used is preferably epoxy resin, which, without a special filling, has a relatively low thermal conductivity.
  • the relatively low thermal conductivity of epoxy resin in the range of 0.25 W / Km can be increased by introducing conductive fillers, such as ferritic powder, so that the thermal conductivity of the second coating 30 can be brought into ranges of 2 W / Km.
  • One way of producing the two coatings in FIG. 3 begins with the attachment of still non-magnetized permanent magnets 14 to a return element 200.
  • the magnets 14 can be glued, for example, to the return element 202, preferably with good thermal conductivity adhesive and self-adhesive. understandable with a material that is magnetically conductive.
  • the layer of epoxy resin is applied, with a relatively even distribution of the packing 25 in the layer.
  • An external magnetic field is then applied by the return element, specifically in sectors, in order to magnetize the individual permanent magnets 14.
  • the ferritic, but also magnetically well-conducting filling bodies are now drawn towards the inference element.
  • the filler Due to the toughness of the base material, the filler gradually migrates towards the return element due to the externally applied magnetic field, resulting in a distribution of packing in the base material. The result is an area with a small number of Füil analysesn removed from the return element, which represents the first coating 20, while many fillers are arranged close to the return element 202 to the second good heat melting. tende coating to form.
  • both the filling bodies are correctly placed and the magnetization of the permanent magnets 14 has taken place.
  • the first and second coatings 20, 30 are completed. It can be seen that between the first and the second coating one or more further layers can be, or a continuous transition of the materials and properties can be.
  • Fig. 4 shows a cross section through a rotor 1 according to the second aspect, so the U-shaped magnetic yoke element.
  • the magnetic return element 202 is formed in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 as an external rotor rotor element and is in particular annular, as it is z. 2, but also in FIG. 6.
  • the magnetic return element comprises a first region a with a first inner diameter, a second region 202b with a second inner diameter and a third region 202c with a third inner diameter.
  • the plurality of permanent magnets 14, 11, 12, 13 of FIG. 1 are arranged. As shown in FIG.
  • the second inner diameter of the second region 202b is larger than the first inner diameter of the first region 202a and larger than the third inner diameter of the third region 202c.
  • the third inner diameter in the third region 202c is larger than the first inner diameter in the first region 202a.
  • the inner diameters D1, D2, D3 are drawn, wherein the inner diameter D2 is the largest, and wherein the inner diameter D1 is the smallest, on the side of the magnetic return element 202, at which the region to be rotated 105, such as the radial wheel is arranged.
  • the rotor can still be mounted without carrying out the magnetic rear closing element 202 in multiple parts.
  • the rotor can be moved from bottom to top to align the stator with the permanent magnet, or it can the stator is inserted from above into the rotor to align the stator 200, as shown in FIG. 4, with the permanent magnets, such as the magnet 14, to form the motor gap 40.
  • the central region 202b has a height that is greater than a height of the permanent magnet 14 by a certain free height 207.
  • the free height 207 is above and below the permanent magnet 0.75 mm upward with respect to the central region 202b and downwardly with respect to the central region 202b, as illustrated by 207.
  • the plurality of permanent magnets are disposed in the middle portion 202b such that the central portion extends beyond the permanent magnet of the plurality of permanent magnets by at least 0.5 mm on each of the two sides.
  • the center region 202b is formed such that a small cross-sectional crack 209 is disposed.
  • the permanent magnet 14 is inserted somewhat deeper into the magnetic recoil element than the dimension in the free height 207 is formed.
  • the second region of the permanent magnet is disposed in a region in which the inner diameter by at least 0, 1 mm larger than the inner diameter of the second region above and below the permanent magnet, as in the two central regions 207.
  • the cross-sectional crack 209th could also be provided a cross-sectional difference of greater than 0.5 mm or perhaps even 1 mm, depending on the embodiment.
  • the magnetic return element 202 is provided with a bandage 203 to provide further stabilization against the high centrifugal forces that act as the rotor rotates at high angular velocity about the axis of rotation 206.
  • a first transition region 202d and / or a second transition region 202e is provided.
  • the first transition area is between the first area 202a and the second area 202b.
  • the second transition region 202e is provided between the middle and second regions 202b and the third and upper regions 202c, respectively.
  • the first transition region 202d and the second transition region 202e each have a continuously decreasing inner diameter from the second inner diameter to the first inner diameter for the first transition region 202d and from the second inner diameter to the third inner diameter for the second transition region 202e. As shown in FIG. 5, it is preferable that the continuously decreasing inner diameter decreases linearly both in the second transition region 202e and in the first transition region 202d.
  • the first coating 20 is again arranged on the permanent magnet 14 and shields it from the motor gap 40 or from the heat present therein.
  • the second coating 30 is now arranged such that it fills the region in the second transition region and in the middle region between the first coating and the magnetic return element 202.
  • the second coating 30 having a high thermal conductivity is also in good contact with the upper side surface 15a and the lower side surface 15b of the permanent magnet, and thus heat introduced into the magnet 14 despite the first coating becomes the magnetic return element 202 derive, which is a relatively good heat sink, because it is made of ferromagnetic material, such as iron is formed.
  • the first coating is continuous, ie that the rotor is delimited by a smooth surface towards the motor gap 40. Furthermore, it is preferred that no second coating is arranged between the permanent magnet 14 and the first coating 20, but that the second coating lies next to the permanent magnet and below the first coating. Furthermore, it is preferred that at least on the lower region 202a neither a first nor a second coating is applied. In addition, a first coating 20 can also be arranged in the upper region 202c. In one implementation, however, no first coating can be arranged even in the upper region, if the upper is far enough away from the motor gap 40, so that a heat input into the magnetic Ru gleicheiement 202 does not take place or is not critical.
  • the inner diameter of the lower portion 202a of the magnetic return element is the smallest inner diameter, so that the area of the magnetic return element disposed on the region to be rotated, i. H. is placed on the radial wheel 105, as large as possible to achieve a good attachment.
  • the inner diameter in the first region 202a is in any case smaller than the outer diameter of the stator 200. This is not a problem because the third inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the stator, so that rotor and stator still can be mounted without the magnetic return element 202 would have to be performed in several parts, which is not favorable for reasons of stability.
  • the first inner diameter be at least 10% smaller than the second inner diameter, although smaller first inner diameters may be used for the magnetic return element, depending on the embodiment.
  • the third inner diameter in the third upper region 202c is at least 3% smaller than the second inner diameter.
  • the thickness in the cross section of the first region ie between the first coating 20 and the right edge of the bandage 203 in FIG. 5, is thus greater than a thickness in the cross section of the magnetic return element in the second region plus a thickness in the cross section of the permanent magnet the plurality of permanent magnets.
  • the thickness in the third region is approximately equal to the thickness in the cross section of the magnetic return element plus permanent magnet, in other embodiments it is preferred that the third upper region also be slightly above the permanent magnet 14 protrudes.
  • the first thickness of the first coating 20 on the side of the plurality of permanent magnets facing the motor gap is between 1 ⁇ m and 100 ⁇ m thick.
  • the second thickness of the second coating 30 is greater than the first thickness and less than or equal to the thickness in cross-section of the permanent magnet of the plurality of permanent magnets.
  • the thickness of the second coating in the middle region, and in particular in the "free height" of the middle region 207 is slightly smaller than the thickness of the permanent magnet because of the permanent magnet Cross section is somewhat inserted, as shown at 209. If this recess is not present at 209, the thickness of the second coating 30 in the central free area 207 would be equal to the thickness of the permanent magnet.
  • the number of permanent magnets is an even number greater than 2, wherein in the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 a total of four permanent magnets are arranged, but also arrangements with 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, etc. also permanent magnets can be used, with the corresponding increased number of coils on the pole feet of the stator. Moreover, it is preferable to uniformly arrange the permanent magnets over the circular ring such that each permanent magnet is formed in a circular arc, and that the magnetization directions of adjacent permanent magnets are opposite to each other.
  • the height of the magnetic return element is between 3 and 5 cm, or that a diameter of the motor gap 40 is between 6 and 10 cm.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of the element 105 to be rotated, on which the magnetic return element 202 is secured, which is secured by the bandage 203.
  • circular-arc-shaped permanent magnets 11, 12, 13 are shown, wherein the rotor is cut together with the rotating portion in Fig. 6 for purposes of illustration, such that the fourth permanent magnet 14 would be arranged on the cut side.
  • the inner diameters of the upper portion 202c, the middle portion 202b, and the lower portion 202a are different from each other, and that the permanent magnets are disposed in the middle portion.
  • the transition regions 202d and 202e in Fig. 6 can be seen in which the inner diameter continuously merge into one another.
  • the "free heights 207" above and below the plurality of permanent magnets are present, so that the magnetic return element does not lead to a magnetic short circuit.
  • Fig. 7 shows an implementation of the present invention as an internal rotor.
  • the stator 200 are formed on the outside and the rotor 1 inside, wherein the motor gap 40 is arranged between the two elements.
  • the rotor is supported relative to the stator by a magnetic bearing, as exemplified in FIG. In Fig. 7, the two directions are shown axially 250 and 260 radially.
  • there is a motor with a motor gap 40 and the rotor is held axially with respect to the stator due to the permanent magnets on the side of the rotor and the electric coils on the side of the stator and not specifically regulated.
  • the radial detection device 270 includes the position of the rotor with respect to the stator or vice versa via detection lines 271.
  • the result of the radial detection is communicated via a sensor line 272 of the radial control / regulation device 280.
  • This generates accordingly the actuator signals via Aktorsignal Oberen 273 on the rotor or the stator depending on the implementation.
  • the rotor 1 is inside and the stator 200 is disposed outside. It is thus an internal rotor in contrast to, for example, Fig. 3, 4, or 5.
  • the corresponding control / regulation by the elements 270, 280, 271, 272, 273, however, can also take place in an external rotor as well.
  • the magnetic bearing is similar in both cases to the example of the reluctance bearing shown in FIG. 7 in that an axial regulation does not take place while a radial regulation takes place by the radial detection device 270 and the radial control / regulation device 280.
  • Fig. 8 shows a preferred application of the pancake motor on the example of a heat pump.
  • the heat pump comprises an evaporator 300, a compressor 400 and a condenser 500, the compressor 400 having the electric disc rotor motor described with reference to FIGS. 1a to 5.
  • the compressor further includes a pilot space 410 disposed radially about the working vapor conveyed by the moving element 105, which is drawn by the evaporator 300 has been to further promote and ultimately increase the pressure to the required pressure in the condensation zone 510 in the condenser 500.
  • Liquid to be cooled passes through an evaporator inlet 302 into the evaporator. Cooled working fluid drains out of the evaporator via an evaporator outlet 304.
  • a mist eliminator 306 is additionally provided.
  • a part of the working fluid brought into the evaporator 300 via the evaporator inlet 302 is evaporated and sucked through the mist eliminator 306 via the second side 105b of the radial gear 105 and conveyed upwards and then discharged into the guide space 510.
  • compressed working steam is brought into the condensation zone 510.
  • the condensation zone 510 is further supplied via a condenser inlet 512 to be heated working fluid, which is heated by the condensation with the heated vapor and discharged via a condenser outlet 514.
  • the condenser is designed as a condenser in the form of a "shower", so that a distribution of liquid in the condensation zone 510 is achieved via a distributor device 516.
  • This condenses the compressed working steam as efficiently as possible and transfers the heat contained in it into the liquid in the condenser ,
  • a motor housing 110 is also drawn in, which at the same time also forms the upper housing part of the condenser or condenser 500.
  • a connecting line 80 for the coils of the stator 200 is connected to a controller 600 in order to carry out the corresponding speed controls and simultaneously also the active storage via a preferably used Magnetia- ger, as has been described with reference to FIG.
  • the controller thus additionally provides the functions of the radial detection 270 and the radial control / regulation 280.
  • FIG. 8 an implementation is shown in which the pancake motor has a potted block 602 of potting material sealed over a seal ring 603 with respect to the motor housing 110 so as to provide a pressure-tight separation between the exterior and the exterior takes place inside.
  • Both the bobbin holder and the coils are surrounded by an encapsulation material, which is shown formed in FIG. 8 as integral with the fixed block 602. However, this does not necessarily have to be the case. However, it is preferable to cause separation by the encapsulation material extending in the motor gap, so that the Coils are not located in the low pressure area present within the motor housing.
  • the stator is disposed in a recess defined by an upper side 105a.
  • the rotor may be formed without a recess, so that the region of magnet 201, return element 202 and bandage 203, as shown in Fig. 8, is mounted on a flat top formed radial wheel. From Fig. 8 it is further apparent that the element to be moved, which is connected to the rotor 10, the radial wheel or paddle wheel 105 which is there to, in cooperation with the guide 410 to compress the working steam conveyed by the evaporator and to heat it so that heat is pumped from the evaporator into the condenser.
  • a control effected, for example, by element 600 in FIG. 8 may be implemented as software or hardware.
  • the implementation of the controller may be on a non-volatile storage medium, digital or other storage medium, in particular a floppy disk or CD with electronically readable control signals that may interact with a programmable computer system to perform the corresponding method of operating a heat pump.
  • the invention thus also encompasses a computer program product with a program code stored on a machine-readable carrier for carrying out the method when the computer program product runs on a computer.
  • the invention can thus also be realized as a computer program with a program code for carrying out the method when the computer program runs on a computer. LIST OF REFERENCES

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un rotor pour un moteur électrique qui comprend un entrefer de moteur (40), présentant les caractéristiques suivantes : une pluralité d'aimants permanents (11, 12, 13, 14) fixés les uns aux autres, chaque aimant permanent comportant un côté (15c) tourné vers l'entrefer de moteur; le rotor étant réalisé sous forme de rotor externe, et un élément de retour de flux (202) magnétique annulaire, l'élément de retour de flux (202) magnétique comportant une première zone (202a), une deuxième zone (202b) et une troisième zone (202c), la première zone (202a) présentant un premier diamètre intérieur, la pluralité d'aimants permanents (14) étant agencée dans la deuxième zone (202b), et la deuxième zone présentant un deuxième diamètre intérieur, la troisième zone présentant un troisième diamètre intérieur, et le deuxième diamètre intérieur étant supérieur au premier diamètre intérieur et au troisième diamètre intérieur, et le troisième diamètre intérieur étant supérieur au premier diamètre intérieur, et le troisième diamètre intérieur étant supérieur à un diamètre extérieur d'un stator (200) pour le moteur électrique.
PCT/EP2018/060201 2017-04-21 2018-04-20 Rotor pour un moteur électrique à élément de retour de flux de forme spéciale et procédé de fabrication WO2018193096A1 (fr)

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DE102017206759.4A DE102017206759A1 (de) 2017-04-21 2017-04-21 Rotor für einen elektromotor mit speziell geformtem rückschlusselement und verfahren zur herstellung
DE102017206759.4 2017-04-21

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