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WO2018191951A1 - Soupape de moteur avec manchon d'isolation thermique pour empêcher des défaillances à haute température - Google Patents

Soupape de moteur avec manchon d'isolation thermique pour empêcher des défaillances à haute température Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018191951A1
WO2018191951A1 PCT/CN2017/081426 CN2017081426W WO2018191951A1 WO 2018191951 A1 WO2018191951 A1 WO 2018191951A1 CN 2017081426 W CN2017081426 W CN 2017081426W WO 2018191951 A1 WO2018191951 A1 WO 2018191951A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
insulating sleeve
heat insulating
high temperature
engine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/081426
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
赵毛兴
Original Assignee
赵毛兴
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201710250121.5A external-priority patent/CN107939470A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201720400252.2U external-priority patent/CN207073422U/zh
Application filed by 赵毛兴 filed Critical 赵毛兴
Publication of WO2018191951A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018191951A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/12—Cooling of valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of engine component manufacturing, in particular to a novel engine valve.
  • the valve (Fig. 7) is a key component of the engine and is functionally divided into intake and exhaust valves.
  • the intake valve opens, fresh air is sent to the combustion chamber, and the intake and exhaust valves are closed.
  • the fuel passes through the carburetor and injects oil, ignites and explodes into the combustion chamber, and pushes the piston to work.
  • the exhaust valve opens and discharges. High temperature exhaust gas after combustion.
  • the temperature of the gasoline engine can reach 1500--1800 °C, and the diesel engine can reach 1800--2200 °C.
  • the exhaust gas temperature after combustion is also as high as 750--800 ° C.
  • the exhaust valve is easily ablated and deformed, and the intake valve is cooled during the process of feeding fresh air.
  • the heating condition is better.
  • the manufacturing technology of the engine valve (hereinafter mainly referred to as the exhaust valve) is designed to ensure the wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
  • the first task is to improve the strength of the valve at high temperature, which must be Steel model selection began, from alloy steel 40cr to 42cr9si2, 40cr10si2mo (martensitic heat-resistant alloy steel), and then to 53cr21mn9N14N (austenitic heat-resistant stainless steel), the price rose from several thousand to tens of thousands of tons, but Faced with the development of engine technology from low speed to high speed, the work compression ratio is increasing, and the temperature of engine work combustion is getting higher and higher. The existing valve steel has insufficient tensile strength and yield strength at high temperature.
  • Figure 8 is an air-core-filled sodium air-core valve.
  • the air-core valve is manufactured by machining the disk and the stem into hollow, and then filling the metal with sodium (the physical properties of the metal sodium are heated to Celsius). When it is more than 90 degrees, it will be gasified. When the exhaust valve is working at high temperature, the metal sodium is vaporized, so that a part of the heat is taken away, which reduces the heating condition of the entire valve. High valve high temperature performance (can reduce valve operating temperature of 100 ° C).
  • metal sodium has certain dangers during storage, transportation and use.
  • the chemical reactivity of sodium is very high, and it will burn in oxygen, chlorine, fluorine and bromine vapor. In case of water or moisture, it will produce a chemical reaction, generate hydrogen gas, generate a large amount of heat, cause burning or explosion, and metal sodium can spontaneously ignite and explode when exposed to the air.
  • the manufacturing process of the air-core valve is quite complicated. It must separate the valve into two separate parts of the disk and the rod, and then drill the hole at the rod end of the disk. The hole diameter is generally 3mm and the depth is 60mm.
  • the joint area after welding has a certain guarantee, which restricts the air core area of the valve stem to not be too large (the general rod diameter is 6mm, the aperture is 3mm, accounting for 33% of the valve stem area), even though In this way, the friction welding part is still a high point of quality hazard, and the failure occurs when the fracture occurs.
  • the hollow core area is small, the sodium filling is also limited.
  • the air core filling sodium valve can only be reduced by 100 °C. , limits the use of air-core valves.
  • the implementation of energy saving and emission reduction further improving the combustion efficiency of the engine and increasing the compression ratio are the only effective ways. However, its direct result is that the combustion temperature is higher, the exhaust gas discharge temperature is also higher, and the air-core-filled sodium valve is incapable of being limited by the temperature drop.
  • the method used to make the valve ensure the normal operation of the exhaust valve at the higher operating temperature of the engine is one of the many problems encountered in the current engine to improve combustion efficiency, increase power output, and save energy and reduce emissions.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the problem of reliability of normal and continuous operation of a valve in a harsh environment of an engine.
  • an engine valve with a heat insulating sleeve to prevent high temperature failure is characterized in that it comprises an engine valve body and a heat insulating sleeve.
  • the engine valve body is composed of a valve stem and a disk portion.
  • the insulating sleeve is nested on the valve stem. One end of the heat insulating sleeve faces the disk portion.
  • the inside of the heat insulating sleeve is a stepped hole.
  • the stepped hole is composed of a small hole and a large hole.
  • the inner wall of the orifice is in contact with the valve stem. There is a gap between the large hole and the valve stem.
  • the inside of the heat insulating sleeve is a through hole.
  • a section of the heat insulating sleeve adjacent to the disk portion is in contact with the disk neck of the valve, and a gap is left between the heat insulating sleeve away from the disk portion and the valve stem.
  • the heat insulating sleeve is fixed to the valve body by welding.
  • transition portion of the valve stem and the disk portion is a disk neck portion.
  • the disk portion has an annular land.
  • the annular table surrounds the neck of the disk.
  • One end of the heat insulating sleeve facing the disk portion is welded to the annular land.
  • the heat insulating sleeve is integrally formed with the valve stem.
  • a section of the heat insulating sleeve adjacent to the disk portion is integrally connected with the valve stem, and a gap between the heat insulating sleeve away from the disk portion and the valve stem is left.
  • Figures 9 and 10 are valve hazardous areas and temperature profiles. It can be seen from Fig. 9 that when the fuel combustion in the combustion chamber is completed, the exhaust valve is opened, and the high-temperature exhaust gas is directly sprayed along the valve, directly flushing the disk neck region C of the valve, which is a typical automobile exhaust valve danger zone and temperature. Distribution state diagram. See Figure 10, we can see from the figure that the maximum temperature of the exhaust valve C area of the V-8 car reaches 732 ° C, (the highest temperature zone is the weak area of the smaller diameter of the rod) and the lowest part of the exhaust valve disc The temperature difference is 149 ° C compared to 583 ° C.
  • Figure 13 steel model is 53cr21mn9Ni4N (referred to as 21-4N) exhaust valve before use metallographic structure map
  • Figure 14 (with the attached drawing 13 used The same 21-4N material) is the metallographic structure of the high temperature wash. From the comparison of Fig. 13 and Fig. 14, we can see that although a very advanced steel for the exhaust valve 53cr21mn9Ni4N has been selected. However, at high temperatures, the grain boundary of the metal has been severely corroded, and the layered fold has reached level 4, and the performance has been greatly reduced. 2 The heat transfer is unreasonable, and the X zone has a hot accumulation zone, which increases the metal heat loss in the zone.
  • the area protected by the heat insulating sleeve is a range surrounded by the gap.
  • the gap has a length h, h is greater than the valve lift.
  • the area protected by the heat shield is the area where the high temperature exhaust gas of the engine is concentrated to flush the valve.
  • the invention adopts an insulation sleeve on the neck of the exhaust valve disc to directly prevent the high temperature exhaust gas from scouring the neck body of the exhaust valve disc, and in particular, effectively protects the concentrated C area from being cleaned, and protects it.
  • the principle is as follows, the inner diameter dimension of the heat insulating sleeve is designed to be larger than the outer diameter of the exhaust valve disc and the rod portion.
  • the principle of heat transfer is that the heat transfer efficiency is greater than the heat radiation efficiency. Therefore, the exhaust valve with a heat insulating sleeve can greatly reduce the heat receiving amount than the ordinary exhaust valve, thereby improving the thermal performance of the exhaust valve in use. It can be seen from the above analysis that the exhaust valve with insulated sleeve clearly blocks the direct erosion of the high temperature exhaust gas to the disk neck of the exhaust valve, and the heat absorbed by the heat insulating sleeve in the high temperature exhaust gas flow is along the heat insulation. The sleeve flows toward the neck of the exhaust valve disc, and part of the heat received by the disc neck is transferred through the engine block, and the other part flows along the exhaust valve stem until the working position of the exhaust valve stem and the valve guide.
  • the protection points of the exhaust valve with insulated jacket of the present invention are as follows:
  • the high temperature performance of the exhaust valve is improved by the increase of the heat insulation sleeve, the requirement for the heat strength of the raw material is reduced, the valve length is shortened, and the valve stem diameter is reduced (because the strength is increased, the valve design can be reduced)
  • the heat insulating sleeve of the present invention has a related design improvement scheme of the engine and the engine component and a supporting improvement scheme related to the heat insulating sleeve.
  • the direct insulation of the high-temperature exhaust gas flow to the neck of the valve disc is directly eliminated, and its invention design is two ways than the original valve production technology for high temperature (1) High temperature resistance. 2.
  • the air core is filled with sodium to cool the heated body that is washed by high temperature. Instead, the valve is protected directly from the source. It effectively improves the performance of the exhaust valve at high temperatures, so it can work more effectively under the current turbocharged engine operating conditions with the best combustion efficiency and the highest exhaust gas discharge temperature. It is a complete replacement for the air-filled sodium exhaust valve that is currently adapted for turbocharged engines.
  • the current exhaust valve with insulating sleeve is compared with the air-filled sodium exhaust valve, regardless of processing complexity, quality stability, manufacturing cost, safety and scrapping after product failure (since air-filled sodium valve)
  • the sodium in the water will burn with water has an incomparable advantage.
  • the insulated exhaust valve can further meet the new engine that needs to increase the compression ratio and higher combustion temperature, and match the performance of the exhaust valve (special vehicles such as racing cars). except).
  • the heat-insulating valve can significantly reduce the heating state of the exhaust valve under the high-temperature exhaust gas scouring, significantly improve the quality of the valve, and has the reliability of normal continuous operation under the harsh environment of the engine.
  • Existing valves regardless of Increased to a new height in high temperature or service life. The process is simple and feasible, the production cost is low, and the quality and price advantage. This is a new generation of engine development and development, providing a better choice and technical support for the special requirements of the exhaust valve.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention (stepped insulation sleeve);
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention (with a straight-through heat insulation sleeve, and the valve stem has a thin neck);
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention (excluding the heat insulating sleeve);
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention (excluding the heat insulating sleeve, the valve stem has a thin neck);
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a stepped heat insulation sleeve
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of a straight-through heat insulating sleeve
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of a conventional valve
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the air-filled sodium valve
  • Figure 9 is a map of the danger zone when the valve is working.
  • Figure 10 is the temperature distribution diagram when the valve is working.
  • Figure 11 is a high temperature tensile strength table in GB/T 12773-2008 steel and alloy rods for internal combustion engine valves;
  • Figure 12 is a table of high temperature yield strength in GB/T 12773-2008 steel and alloy rods for internal combustion engine valves;
  • Figure 13 is a metallographic test report (no valve used).
  • Figure 14 shows the metallographic test report (valve has been used).
  • valve stem 1 disk neck 101, heat insulation sleeve 2, step insulation sleeve 2a, straight-through heat insulation sleeve 2b, welded portion 23, small hole 201, large hole 202, disk portion 3, annular table 301
  • the disk top 4 the exhaust impingement portion 5, the valve stem working portion 6, the tail portion 7, and the hardened portion 8 in the conduit.
  • An engine valve with a heat shield to prevent high temperature failure including an engine valve body and a heat insulating sleeve 2.
  • the engine valve body is composed of a valve stem 1 and a disk portion 3.
  • the insulating sleeve 2 is nested on the valve stem 1.
  • One end of the heat insulating sleeve 2 faces the disk portion 3, and the other end faces the small end of the valve stem 1.
  • the inside of the heat insulating sleeve 2 is a stepped hole, that is, the stepped heat insulating sleeve 2a shown in Fig. 5.
  • the stepped hole is composed of a small hole 201 and a large hole 202.
  • the inner wall of the small hole 201 is in contact with the valve stem 1.
  • the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1.
  • the inside of the heat insulation cover 2 is a through hole, that is, a straight-through heat insulation cover 2b shown in FIG.
  • the heat insulating sleeve 2 is in close proximity to a portion of the disk portion 3 adjacent to the disk portion 3, and a gap is left between the portion of the heat insulating sleeve 2 remote from the disk portion 3 and the valve stem 1.
  • the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 3. Referring to Figures 2 and 4, the diameter of the valve stem 1 at the gap is reduced. That is, the valve stem 1 has a thin neck portion, so that the gap between the heat insulating sleeve 2 and the valve stem 1 becomes large.
  • the main structure of the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 2.
  • the small hole 201 is in sliding engagement with the valve stem 1 (the matching clearance is subject to sliding).
  • the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 3.
  • the small hole 201 is slidably engaged with the valve stem 1 (the matching clearance is subject to sliding).
  • the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 1, 5 or 6, and preferably, the heat insulating sleeve 2 is welded to the valve body welding portion 23 by welding.
  • the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 7, and preferably, the valve stem 1 and the disk portion 3
  • the transition portion is the disk neck 101.
  • the disk portion 3 has an annular land 301.
  • the annular land 301 surrounds the disk neck 101.
  • One end of the heat insulating cover 2 facing the disk portion 3 is welded to the annular land 301, that is, the welded portion 23 is formed.
  • the heat insulating sleeve 2 can be integrally formed with the valve stem 1. That is, a section of the heat insulating sleeve 2 adjacent to the disk portion 3 is integrally connected with the valve stem 1, and a gap between the section of the heat insulating sleeve 2 remote from the disk portion 3 and the valve stem 1 is left. That is, by turning (or other means), an annular groove is formed between the originally integrated heat insulating sleeve 2 and the valve stem 1, and the annular groove is a gap between the heat insulating sleeve 2 and the valve stem 1.
  • the shape design principle is as follows: the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the material should be reduced.
  • the welding strength of the insulating sleeve and the neck of the exhaust valve should be ensured.
  • the welded part must have sufficient thickness to be welded in the welding process.
  • the thickness of the welded part of the insulating sleeve should be thicker than other.
  • the thin wall of the part has increased. See Figure 3 for the insulation cover design. From the design drawing 3, we can see that the insulation cover is an inner stepped sleeve shape.
  • the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 2, 3 or 9.
  • the area protected by the heat insulating cover 2 is a range surrounded by the gap.
  • the gap has a length h, h is greater than the valve lift.
  • the area protected by the heat insulating jacket 2 is an area where the high temperature exhaust gas of the engine is concentrated to flush the valve, that is, the c area.
  • Insulation sleeve design Because the valve insulation sleeve is subjected to frequent high-temperature airflow, the high temperature resistance, fast heat dissipation and no deformation are the design priorities.
  • the selected materials should have the following conditions: a. High temperature resistant material. b, the material thermal conductivity should be large. C, the coefficient of thermal expansion is small.
  • insulation sleeves According to the absorption and propagation of heat by objects, it is related to the quality of the surface of the objects.
  • the inner and outer surfaces of the insulation sleeve should be processed to meet the quality requirements.
  • This embodiment is a manufacturing method of the valve disclosed in Embodiment 7:
  • a step is formed in the neck of the valve disc (ie, an annular table as a welding groove).
  • c Unloading a special insulation guide sleeve for the exhaust valve.
  • the guide sleeve is placed in the neck step of the exhaust valve disc, and the heat insulation sleeve and the exhaust valve are welded together by welding (other manners may also be used).
  • the length of the thin sleeve of the insulating sleeve should be designed to be a few millimeters above the C area where the engine's high temperature exhaust gas is concentrated.
  • the insulation sleeve at the C area is designed to be thin-walled because it can effectively reduce the amount of heat absorption in the C area, thereby weakening the heat radiation quality of the insulation sleeve to the neck body of the exhaust valve, while the heat insulation sleeve itself In terms of thin wall area, heat is more easily transferred to the thick area. The faster the heat dissipation, the smaller the amount of heat radiation that the valve body receives.
  • the overall weight of the valve will increase, which increases the inertia of the valve during high-speed movement, and also increases the impact damage of the valve sealing cone surface and the cylinder seat ring, which is contrary to the valve design. Lightweight principle.
  • the heat insulating sleeve is designed to be thin and light in weight.
  • the increased heat insulation sleeve improves the heating condition of the valve body and greatly improves the material strength. Therefore, under the same load conditions, the valve stem diameter can be reduced, and the weight reduction effect is achieved.
  • the original valve design takes into account that the valve neck will expand after being heated, which directly affects the movement of the valve stem up and down in the conduit. Therefore, in the original valve design, in order to ensure the normal operation of the valve in the conduit, the distance from the valve disc portion to the conduit opening is increased to achieve a gradual heat dissipation effect.
  • This embodiment of the invention effectively reduces the heating condition of the disk and the stem, so that the distance from the valve disc portion to the conduit opening can be correspondingly reduced. Both the valve weight reduction effect and the overall design of the engine block can be reduced, the weight is reduced, and the economic benefit is increased.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une soupape de moteur avec un manchon d'isolation thermique pour empêcher des défaillances à haute température. La soupape de moteur comprend un corps de soupape de moteur et un manchon d'isolation thermique (2). Le corps de soupape de moteur est composé d'une tige de soupape (1) et d'une partie de disque (3). Le manchon d'isolation thermique est emboîté sur la tige de soupape, et une de ses extrémités fait face à la partie de disque. La soupape avec le manchon d'isolation peut réduire de manière significative l'état chauffé de la soupape d'échappement sous le décapage d'un gaz d'échappement à haute température, peut améliorer significativement la qualité de la soupape, et peut effectuer de manière fiable une opération normalement continue dans le milieu agressif du moteur, de telle sorte que le procédé soit simple et réalisable, et le coût de production soit faible.
PCT/CN2017/081426 2017-04-17 2017-04-21 Soupape de moteur avec manchon d'isolation thermique pour empêcher des défaillances à haute température WO2018191951A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710250121.5A CN107939470A (zh) 2017-04-17 2017-04-17 一种带隔热套的防止高温失效的发动机气门
CN201720400252.2U CN207073422U (zh) 2017-04-17 2017-04-17 一种带隔热套的防止高温失效的发动机气门
CN2017204002522 2017-04-17
CN2017102501215 2017-04-17

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WO2018191951A1 true WO2018191951A1 (fr) 2018-10-25

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3092614A1 (fr) * 2019-02-07 2020-08-14 Renault S.A.S Soupape d’admission pour moteur à essence

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4362134A (en) * 1978-05-22 1982-12-07 Eaton Corporation Shielded valve
SU1469191A1 (ru) * 1986-10-11 1989-03-30 Харьковский политехнический институт им.В.И.Ленина Выпускной клапан теплонапр женного дизел
GB2270541A (en) * 1992-09-12 1994-03-16 Ford Motor Co I. c. engine exhaust poppet valve.
US20020100448A1 (en) * 2001-01-31 2002-08-01 Trw Deutschland Gmbh Intake valve for an internal combustion machine
CN1513080A (zh) * 2001-04-07 2004-07-14 大众汽车有限公司 直喷式内燃机
WO2015037075A1 (fr) * 2013-09-11 2015-03-19 日鍛バルブ株式会社 Soupape de moteur, et procédé de fabrication de celle-ci
CN104995377A (zh) * 2013-02-15 2015-10-21 丰田自动车株式会社 提升阀
DE102014219917A1 (de) * 2014-10-01 2016-04-07 Mahle International Gmbh Wirbelstromventil

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4362134A (en) * 1978-05-22 1982-12-07 Eaton Corporation Shielded valve
SU1469191A1 (ru) * 1986-10-11 1989-03-30 Харьковский политехнический институт им.В.И.Ленина Выпускной клапан теплонапр женного дизел
GB2270541A (en) * 1992-09-12 1994-03-16 Ford Motor Co I. c. engine exhaust poppet valve.
US20020100448A1 (en) * 2001-01-31 2002-08-01 Trw Deutschland Gmbh Intake valve for an internal combustion machine
CN1513080A (zh) * 2001-04-07 2004-07-14 大众汽车有限公司 直喷式内燃机
CN104995377A (zh) * 2013-02-15 2015-10-21 丰田自动车株式会社 提升阀
WO2015037075A1 (fr) * 2013-09-11 2015-03-19 日鍛バルブ株式会社 Soupape de moteur, et procédé de fabrication de celle-ci
DE102014219917A1 (de) * 2014-10-01 2016-04-07 Mahle International Gmbh Wirbelstromventil

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3092614A1 (fr) * 2019-02-07 2020-08-14 Renault S.A.S Soupape d’admission pour moteur à essence

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