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WO2018190852A1 - Jauge de niveau radar avec barrière diélectrique à auto-alignement - Google Patents

Jauge de niveau radar avec barrière diélectrique à auto-alignement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018190852A1
WO2018190852A1 PCT/US2017/027521 US2017027521W WO2018190852A1 WO 2018190852 A1 WO2018190852 A1 WO 2018190852A1 US 2017027521 W US2017027521 W US 2017027521W WO 2018190852 A1 WO2018190852 A1 WO 2018190852A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dielectric barrier
stub
cylindrical
waveguide
level gauge
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2017/027521
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Johannes Theodorus Cornelis Duivenvoorden
Tim Coupland
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to PCT/US2017/027521 priority Critical patent/WO2018190852A1/fr
Publication of WO2018190852A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018190852A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/284—Electromagnetic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/03—Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/02—Coupling devices of the waveguide type with invariable factor of coupling
    • H01P5/022—Transitions between lines of the same kind and shape, but with different dimensions
    • H01P5/024—Transitions between lines of the same kind and shape, but with different dimensions between hollow waveguides

Definitions

  • Disclosed embodiments are generally related to a radar level gauge for measuring a level of a surface of a material in a container, and, more particularly, to a radar level gauge with a self- aligning dielectric barrier for providing galvanic isolation between certain components of the radar level gauge.
  • the electrical ground associated with a radar circuitry (e.g., an internal ground) of a radar level gauge should be isolated from the container installation, which may be electrically connected to an external ground, such as an earth ground. This can, for example, lead to a reduction of noise effects in the measuring signals, and can further lead to a reduction in the susceptibility to interference with the measuring signals. Furthermore, such isolation leads to improved safety, for example, in relation to the avoidance of undesirable spark discharges. See US patent 7,821,445 for one example of a radar level gauge.
  • FIG. 1 shows a non-limiting embodiment of a waveguide arrangement for connecting a radar circuitry to an antenna in a radar level gauge. This arrangement can benefit from disclosed embodiments of a self-aligning dielectric barrier for providing galvanic isolation.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cut-away, fragmentary setup of a waveguide assembly in the radar level gauge including one non-limiting embodiment of a self-aligning dielectric barrier, as may be assembled into the waveguide assembly.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates zoomed-in details of the self-aligning dielectric barrier shown in FIG. 2, such as prior to being fully assembled (e.g., fully inserted) into the waveguide assembly of the radar level gauge.
  • FIG. 4 and 5 show respective isometrics of further non-limiting embodiments of disclosed self-aligning dielectric barriers.
  • FIG. 6 is a half-section isometric of a non-limiting model representation of one disclosed self-aligning dielectric barrier and waveguide assembly.
  • FIG. 7 is a plot of respective non-limiting curves indicative of transmission loss, and return loss over one non-limiting frequency band based on the non-limiting model of the dielectric barrier shown in FIG. 6.
  • the present inventors have recognized certain drawbacks in at least some electrically isolating devices, as may be used in radar level gauges for measuring the level (e.g., height) of a surface of a material in a container.
  • microwaves are transmitted from an antenna coupled to the radar circuitry that may be located at the top of the container.
  • One basic criterion is that these electrically isolating devices must provide appropriate isolation at direct current (DC).
  • the ground should appear to be substantially continuous (i.e., present practically no impedance discontinuities to the propagating microwaves) to ensure appropriate coupling of the radar signal between commonly involved components, such as a waveguide assembly that conveys the microwaves to the antenna.
  • the matching at the appropriate frequencies may not consistently be fully optimized, and thus dynamic range may be reduced in the operation of the radar level gauge.
  • the dielectric barrier in the waveguide assembly can potentially introduce undesirable impedance mismatches and spurious signal reflections.
  • an improved radar level gauge that benefits from an innovative self- aligning dielectric barrier that is expected to provide a low-loss and well-matched solution at the frequencies of interest.
  • the function of the dielectric barrier is to provide galvanic isolation between the radar circuitry and the antenna for the radar level gauge. From a radar sensor perspective, one advantage provided by disclosed embodiments is that electromagnetic wave reflections remain substantially low, and therefore close-in performance is improved while maintaining a relatively large dynamic range in the operation of the radar level gauge.
  • Disclosed embodiments are expected to provide substantially low antenna reflections in practically all polarization directions, and therefore improvements in close-in performance can be effectively achieved while maintaining the relatively large dynamic range in the operation of the radar level gauge. Additionally, the geometry of disclosed embodiments for the dielectric barrier is relatively straightforward, and thus disclosed dielectric barriers can be manufactured at a relatively low cost. Moreover, due to their geometric simplicity, disclosed embodiments for the dielectric barrier can be assembled with relative ease, for example, without involving
  • FIG. 1 shows a simplified representation of a waveguide arrangement 10 in a radar level gauge that can benefit from disclosed embodiments of a self-aligning dielectric barrier 12 (e.g., a solid) for providing galvanic isolation between a radar circuitry 14 and an antenna 16 for the radar level gauge.
  • a self-aligning dielectric barrier 12 e.g., a solid
  • a material for self-aligning dielectric barrier 12 may be a thermoplastic polymer, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or polypropylene (PP).
  • the radar level gauge may comprise a waveguide assembly 18, such as without limitation a cylindrical waveguide assembly, that includes a first waveguide member 20 that may be electrically coupled to radar circuitry 14 (FIG. 1); and a second waveguide member 22 that may be electrically coupled to antenna 16 (FIG. 1).
  • a waveguide assembly 18 such as without limitation a cylindrical waveguide assembly, that includes a first waveguide member 20 that may be electrically coupled to radar circuitry 14 (FIG. 1); and a second waveguide member 22 that may be electrically coupled to antenna 16 (FIG. 1).
  • dielectric barrier 12 may be arranged between first waveguide member 20 and second waveguide member 22 to provide galvanic isolation between waveguide members 20, 22; thus providing galvanic isolation between radar circuitry 14 and antenna 16.
  • disclosed embodiments of dielectric barrier 12 include means for self-aligning a body of the dielectric barrier relative to a longitudinal axis 24 of waveguide assembly 18.
  • a longitudinal body axis 26 of dielectric barrier 12 is effectively self-aligned relative to longitudinal axis 14 of waveguide assembly 18 by the means for self-aligning.
  • dielectric barrier 12 may include a first stub 28 extending radially away from the body of the dielectric barrier to provide an interference fit 34 between an edge 30 of the first stub and a corresponding surface 32 of first waveguide member 20.
  • edge 30 of first stub 28 defines a tapering profile, wherein a radial dimension of the edge (schematically represented by arrow 36) decreases as one advances (schematically represented by arrow 37) towards an axial end 38 of the dielectric barrier disposed at the first waveguide member 20. Conversely, the radial dimension of the edge would increase as one advances (schematically represented by arrow 39) away from axial end 38 of the dielectric barrier.
  • dielectric barrier 12 may further include a second stub 40 extending radially away from the body of the dielectric barrier to provide an interference fit 42 between an edge 44 of the second stub and a corresponding surface 46 of second waveguide member 22.
  • edge 44 of second stub 40 defines a tapering profile, wherein a radial dimension of the edge (schematically represented by arrow 48) decreases as one advances (schematically represented by arrow 50) towards an axial end 52 of the dielectric barrier disposed at the second waveguide member 22.
  • the radial dimension of the edge would increase as one advances (schematically represented by arrow 51) away from axial end 52 of the dielectric barrier.
  • dielectric barrier 12 may further include a flange 54 arranged in a transversal plane 56 (FIG. 6) relative to the longitudinal axis 24 of the waveguide assembly.
  • flange 54 extends circumferentially about the longitudinal axis of the waveguide assembly.
  • Flange 54 may be disposed in an axial gap 58 (FIG. 2) between first waveguide member 20 and second waveguide member 22.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a transversal plane 56
  • a module member 60 (e.g., an annular member) may be circumferentially arranged around flange 54 in the transverse plane, and module member 60 may include a slot 62 for receiving a circumferential distal edge 64 of flange 54, thus providing incremental axial stability and support to the dielectric barrier.
  • module member 60 may be part of a deplugable modular unit that contains the radar circuitry.
  • the body of the dielectric barrier may comprise symmetrical body sections 66, 68 about transversal plane 56 (FIG. 6), where such symmetrical body sections are configured to provide impedance matching between the first waveguide member and the second waveguide member.
  • a respective one of the symmetrical body sections of the dielectric barrier may comprise stub 28 extending radially away from the respective one of the symmetrical body sections of the dielectric barrier. Stub 28 may be interposed between a first cylindrical section 70 and a second cylindrical section 72 each extending co-axially along the longitudinal axis of the waveguide assembly.
  • First cylindrical section 70 may extend between axial end 38 of the dielectric barrier and a surface 74 of stub 28 facing axial end 38 of the dielectric barrier.
  • Second cylindrical section 72 may extend between a surface 76 of stub 28 facing away from axial end 38 of the dielectric barrier and flange 54.
  • a radius of second cylindrical section 72 is larger relative to a radius of first cylindrical section 70.
  • the body of the dielectric barrier need not be made up of symmetrical body sections about transversal plane 56 (FIG. 6).
  • the body of dielectric barrier may comprise asymmetrical body sections 78, 80 about the transversal plane, where such asymmetrical body sections 78, 80 may be configured to provide impedance matching between the first waveguide member and the second waveguide member.
  • one of the asymmetrical body sections (e.g., body section 78) of the dielectric barrier may comprise at least one cylindrical section including a stub, as described above in the context of FIG. 3, for example.
  • Another one of the asymmetrical body sections (e.g., body section 80) of the dielectric barrier may comprise a conical body section, wherein an apex 82 of conical body section 80 may be disposed at an axial end of the dielectric barrier.
  • dielectric barrier 12 may include a transition 84 (e.g., cylindrical-to-conical transition) to provide an interference fit with a corresponding inner surface of the second cylindrical waveguide member.
  • Transition 84 may include a tapering profile, as discussed above in the context of stubs 28, 40. It will be appreciated that the specific geometries illustrated in the figures should not be construed in a limiting sense since, as should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, such geometries may be readily tailored depending on the needs of a given application.
  • FIG. 7 is a plot of respective non-limiting curves indicative of transmission loss 90, and return loss 92 over one non-limiting frequency band based on the non-limiting model of the dielectric barrier shown in FIG. 6.
  • the self-alignment feature for the dielectric barrier in a cost-effective manner is effective to reliably maintain appropriate impedance matching at the frequencies of interest and thus avoid the formation of spurious signal reflections. This allows improvements in close-in performance while maintaining a relatively large dynamic range in the operation of the radar level gauge.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une jauge de niveau radar améliorée et un ensemble guide d'ondes amélioré (18) pour une telle jauge de niveau radar. L'ensemble guide d'ondes (18) peut comprendre un premier élément (20) couplé électriquement à des circuits de radar (14), et peut en outre comprendre un second élément (22) couplé électriquement à une antenne (16) pour la jauge de niveau radar. Une barrière diélectrique (12) est disposée entre le premier élément (20) et le second élément (22) de guide d'ondes pour assurer une isolation galvanique entre les circuits de radar et l'antenne. La barrière diélectrique comprend des moyens pour auto-aligner un corps de la barrière diélectrique sur un axe longitudinal (24) de l'ensemble guide d'ondes. Cet élément d'auto-alignement pour la barrière diélectrique est efficace pour maintenir de manière fiable une adaptation d'impédance appropriée à des fréquences d'intérêt et éviter ainsi la formation de réflexions de signaux parasites.
PCT/US2017/027521 2017-04-14 2017-04-14 Jauge de niveau radar avec barrière diélectrique à auto-alignement WO2018190852A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2017/027521 WO2018190852A1 (fr) 2017-04-14 2017-04-14 Jauge de niveau radar avec barrière diélectrique à auto-alignement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2017/027521 WO2018190852A1 (fr) 2017-04-14 2017-04-14 Jauge de niveau radar avec barrière diélectrique à auto-alignement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018190852A1 true WO2018190852A1 (fr) 2018-10-18

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5770990A (en) * 1995-11-15 1998-06-23 Krohne Messtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Microwave window
US20010047685A1 (en) * 2000-05-15 2001-12-06 Wilhelm Lubbers Fill level gauge
US20070008212A1 (en) * 2005-06-13 2007-01-11 Gabriel Serban Horn antenna with a composite emitter for a radar-based level measurement system
US20100123615A1 (en) * 2005-08-04 2010-05-20 Josef Fehrenbach Potential Separation for Filling Level Radar
US7821445B2 (en) 2007-07-31 2010-10-26 Siemens Milltronics Process Instruments, Inc. Radar level gauge
US20140266864A1 (en) * 2013-03-12 2014-09-18 Rosemount Tank Radar Ab Tank feed through structure for a radar level gauge

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5770990A (en) * 1995-11-15 1998-06-23 Krohne Messtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Microwave window
US20010047685A1 (en) * 2000-05-15 2001-12-06 Wilhelm Lubbers Fill level gauge
US20070008212A1 (en) * 2005-06-13 2007-01-11 Gabriel Serban Horn antenna with a composite emitter for a radar-based level measurement system
US20100123615A1 (en) * 2005-08-04 2010-05-20 Josef Fehrenbach Potential Separation for Filling Level Radar
US7821445B2 (en) 2007-07-31 2010-10-26 Siemens Milltronics Process Instruments, Inc. Radar level gauge
US20140266864A1 (en) * 2013-03-12 2014-09-18 Rosemount Tank Radar Ab Tank feed through structure for a radar level gauge

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