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WO2018189426A1 - Composition colorante universelle - Google Patents

Composition colorante universelle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018189426A1
WO2018189426A1 PCT/FI2018/050267 FI2018050267W WO2018189426A1 WO 2018189426 A1 WO2018189426 A1 WO 2018189426A1 FI 2018050267 W FI2018050267 W FI 2018050267W WO 2018189426 A1 WO2018189426 A1 WO 2018189426A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
range
composition
dispersing
colourant composition
mol
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2018/050267
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Juha TAIVAINEN
Asya YURCHENKO
Olga YURCHENKO
Oleg KUZMIN
Original Assignee
Tikkurila Oyj
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tikkurila Oyj filed Critical Tikkurila Oyj
Priority to EP18784563.1A priority Critical patent/EP3609963A4/fr
Priority to CN201880024802.2A priority patent/CN110494515A/zh
Priority to EA201992458A priority patent/EA039547B1/ru
Publication of WO2018189426A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018189426A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D17/00—Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints
    • C09D17/001—Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints in aqueous medium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D17/00—Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints
    • C09D17/003—Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints containing an organic pigment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D17/00—Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints
    • C09D17/004—Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints containing an inorganic pigment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/02—Emulsion paints including aerosols
    • C09D5/024—Emulsion paints including aerosols characterised by the additives

Definitions

  • the present application relates to aqueous universal colourant compositions, and to methods for preparing such colourant compositions.
  • the present application also relates to methods for tinting base paints, and to tinted base paints.
  • Colourant compositions such as colourant pastes or colourants
  • colourants are stable, liquid concentrates, in which the colour and colour strength are controlled.
  • colourants are added to a base paint according to a previously determined formula. This is normally a task for a volumetric dispensing machine, which may be operated manually or automatically. Once the colourant has been added, the mixture is blended in a mixer, after which the paint is ready for use. The whole process takes only a few minutes.
  • the tinting may be carried out for example in a tinting machine at a retail store, wherein a base paint is tinted into a desired colour, hue, tint or shade.
  • tint specifically refers to a colour which is obtained when a small amount of colourant is added to a base paint, such as a white base paint.
  • the colourants usually comprise one or more pigments, a solvent, and one or more additives such as dispersing agents, wetting agents, defoamers, biocides, fillers and the like.
  • Universal colourants refer to such colourants which may be used for both solvent and waterborne paints and coatings, such as alkyd and latex paints and coatings.
  • VOC volatile organic compounds
  • a specific group of volatile organic compounds are semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC), which include compounds with broad chemical properties and structural features. SVOCs tend to have a higher molecular weight and higher boiling point temperature than other VOCs.
  • semivolatile organic compounds include hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ethers, esters, phenols, organic acids, ketones, amines, amides, nitroaromatics, PCBs, PAHs, phthalate esters, nitrosamines, haloethers and trihalomethanes.
  • the health effect of a specific SVOC depends on its chemical nature and on the degree of exposure, which can occur through different routes such as oral, inhalation, or dermal, or a combination thereof.
  • Harmful compounds providing VOCs or SVOCs have been used in colourant compositions, for example in the additives or other agents present in the compositions, such as agents affecting to the rheological properties such as viscosity, drying or other properties of the colourant compositions.
  • agents affecting to the rheological properties such as viscosity, drying or other properties of the colourant compositions.
  • the physical properties of the compositions such as rheological properties, drying properties or other properties.
  • aqueous universal colourant composition comprising
  • composition contains 0.5% or less of semi-volatile organic compounds
  • the present application also provides a method for preparing the aqueous universal colourant composition.
  • the present application also provides a method for tinting a base paint, and a paint or a coating obtained by tinting a base paint with the aqueous universal colourant composition(s).
  • dispersing and wetting additives are used to give the colourants the best colour strength, good compatibility with various paint types and a long-term stability.
  • Wetting and dispersing additives as used in the embodiments to combine both mechanisms of action in one product, i.e. they are both wetting and dispersing agents.
  • the raw materials of the dispersing system are chosen to give a low SVOC content to improve the indoor air quality and health and safety for humans and environment.
  • the dispersing system used in the colourants was chosen so that compatibility with both solventborne and waterborne base paints was achieved, and no flocculation of pigment does occur. This was tested with a rub-out test and measuring the difference in the dry film from the rubbed-out surface and from the not rubbed out surface.
  • the dispersing system also keeps the colourant viscosities stable and ensures the excellent behaviour in tinting machines. The settling or sedimentation of the composition is decreased.
  • the rheology of the obtained colourant composition is suitable for point of sale dispensers as well as for in-plant use.
  • Unique rheology of the colourants was formed by the combination of the specific thickener and inorganic rheology modifier in combination with the dispersing system selected so that colourants maintain stable rheology and show improved stability during storage and during use in tinting equipment.
  • the selected humectant had a great effect to the rheological properties and storage stability, for example pigment settling, preferably in combination with the inorganic filler.
  • components most affecting the SVOC content of the colourants were chosen to provide a minimum amount of SVOC.
  • the SVOC amount is very low in colourants, for example 0.35% or 6 g/l according to the measurements, the colourants do not add the amount of SVOC of the base paints in significant amounts.
  • 10% (v/v) of colourant according to the embodiments including maximum of 6 g/l of SVOC is added to a base paint with SVOC of 2.5 g/l, it increases the SVOC only by about 0.3 g/l.
  • the dispersing and wetting additives do not substantially contain SVOC or a source of SVOC.
  • the solvent of the colourant composition is mainly or only water, which will evaporate quickly from the paint film. If SVOCs were present, they would evaporate slower thus slowing down the film formation of the paint, especially with solventborne alkyd paints.
  • many universal colourants include low molecular weight glycols, such as ethylene glycols or propylene glycols and derivatives thereof, which reduce drying.
  • Additives, such as dispersing and wetting agents or additives, and humectants, used in the embodiments do not preferably contain any such glycols which are known to reduce drying.
  • the universal colourant composition disclosed in the embodiments is provided as a product, more particularly as a dispersion, which is used for tinting a base paint to a desired colour, usually as desired by a customer at a retail store or the like.
  • a predetermined amount of one or more colourant compositions is/are dosed into an amount of base paint, and the colourant composition is mixed with the base paint, for example in a dispenser or a shaker, to obtain a tinted paint having a desired colour, shade, hue or tint.
  • the colourants can be added to waterborne and solventborne paints, for example to acrylic, alkyd, vinyl-acrylic paints or vinylacetate/ethylene (VAE) emulsion paints.
  • the universal colourant composition is suitable for use in indoor and outdoor paints.
  • the base paints are products generally provided at a retail store.
  • a base paint may contain polymeric binder(s), pigment(s), filler(s), solvent(s) and additive(s).
  • the pigment may be included to provide a general base colour range, such as white, semi-white or clear.
  • a white base paint may contain titanium dioxide as a pigment, and a clear base paint may not contain any pigment at all. This base paint is then tinted into a desired colour.
  • the base paints may be waterborne or solventborne, and a universal colourant composition is compatible with the both base paint types, so there is no need to provide separate colourant compositions for different types of base paints.
  • a colourant is added to a base paint from a dispenser, which may be a device arranged to dose the colourants to the base paint.
  • a colourant may stay from few weeks to several months or even longer periods, depending on how often paint is tinted with dispenser and which colours are made.
  • dispensers there is a mechanical mixing to keep colourant homogenized in the canisters in order to achieve repeatable colours.
  • one problem with the existing colourants is that their viscosity, colour shade and strength may change during the stay in the dispenser due to mixing of colourant in the canister.
  • dispersing agent(s) and optionally one or more wetting agent(s), or a dispersing system, in the range of 2-30% (w/w),
  • polymeric humectant(s) such as one or more polymeric OH- functional humectant(s)
  • composition contains 1 % or less of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), preferably 0.5% or less.
  • SVOC semi-volatile organic compounds
  • dispersing agent(s) and optionally one or more wetting agent(s), or a dispersing system in the range of 2-30% (w/w),
  • composition contains 1 % or less of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), preferably 0.5% or less.
  • SVOC semi-volatile organic compounds
  • dispersing agent(s) and optionally one or more wetting agent(s), or a dispersing system in the range of 2-30% (w/w),
  • inorganic and/or particulate rheology modifier(s) in the range of 0.1- 1 .5% (w/w),
  • composition contains 1 % or less of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), preferably 0.5% or less.
  • SVOC semi-volatile organic compounds
  • dispersing agent(s) optionally one or more wetting agent(s), or a dispersing system, in the range of 2-30% (w/w)
  • organic thickener(s) in the range of 0.1-3.0% (w/w), and/or
  • inorganic and/or particulate rheology modifier(s) in the range of 0.1- 1 .5% (w/w),
  • composition contains 1 % or less of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), preferably 0.5% or less.
  • SVOC semi-volatile organic compounds
  • dispersing system comprising one or more dispersing and wetting additive(s), preferably comprising both wetting and dispersing functionalities in one molecule, in the range of 2-30% (w/w),
  • inorganic filler(s) comprising or consisting of kaolin, such as in an amount in the range of 2-25% (w/w), or 4.5-20% (w/w), more particularly in the range of 4.5-15% (w/w), for example 4.5-10% (w/w), and
  • one or more organic thickener(s) in the range of 0.1-3.0% (w/w), such as in the range of 0.2-2.0% (w/w), for example 0.2-1 .8% (w/w) or 0.2-1 .5% (w/w), wherein the composition contains 1 % or less of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), preferably 0.5% or less.
  • SVOC semi-volatile organic compounds
  • compositions recited in previous, or other compositions recited in this disclosure may be combined, and the compositions may contain other additional substances or features disclosed herein.
  • the compositions disclosed herein, and the combinations thereof may contain further additives customary of colourant compositions, for example in an amount in the range of 0-20% (w/w), 0- 10% (w/w), or 1-20% (w/w), or 1-10% (w/w), 1-5% (w/w) or 0.2-5% (w/w).
  • the sum of the percentages of the substances makes 100% (w/w).
  • a substance may refer to an agent or an additive, or a combination of such agents and/or additives.
  • the colourant composition is aqueous, which means that it contains water as a solvent.
  • the water content of the composition may be at least 10% (w/w), more particularly at least 15% (w/w) or at least 20% (w/w).
  • the water content of the composition is in the range of 20-65% (w/w), such as in the range of 20-60% (w/w), 23-61 % (w/w), or 25-60% (w/w).
  • the aqueous colourant composition does not contain substantial amounts of organic solvents, such as less than 1 % (w/w), or less than 0.5% (w/w), or even less than 0.1 % (w/w), or it does not contain any organic solvents.
  • water is the only solvent in the colourant composition.
  • the colourant composition contains one or more pigment(s).
  • the amount of the pigment(s) in the composition may be in the range of 1-70% (w/w), or 1-60% (w/w), such as in the range of 1 .8-70% (w/w), 1 .8-60% (w/w), for example in the range of 1-50% (w/w), 1-40% (w/w), 1-30% (w/w), 1-20% (w/w), 10-70% (w/w), 10-60% (w/w), 10-50% (w/w), 10-40% (w/w) or 10-30% (w/w).
  • the pigment comprises one or more organic pigment(s), one or more inorganic pigment(s) or a combination thereof.
  • the pigment comprises at least one organic pigment and at least one inorganic pigment.
  • the organic pigment may be selected for example from monoazo pigments, diazo pigments, diazo condensation pigments, anthanthrone pigments, anthraquinone pigments, anthrapyrimidine pigments, quinacridone pigments, quinophthalone pigments, diketopyrrolopyrrole pigments, dioxazine pigments, isoindoline pigments, isoindolinone pigments, isoviolanthrone pigments, metal complex pigments, perinone pigments, perylene pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, pyranthrone pigments, pyrazoloquinazolone pigments, thio indigo pigments, and triarylcarbonium pigments.
  • the inorganic pigment may be selected for example from white pigments, such as titanium dioxide, zinc white, pigment grade zinc oxide; zinc sulphide, lithopone; black pigments such as iron oxide black, iron manganese black, spinel black, carbon black; chromatic pigments such as chromium oxide, chromium oxide hydrate green; chrome green, cobalt green, ultramarine green, cobalt blue, ultramarine blue, manganese blue, ultramarine violet, cobalt violet, manganese violet, red iron oxide, cadmium sulfoselenide, cerium sulphide, molybdate red, ultramarine red, brown iron oxide, mixed brown, spinel phases and corundum phases, chromium titanium yellow, chrome orange, cerium sulphide, yellow iron oxide, nickel titanium yellow, chrome yellow and bismuth vanidate.
  • white pigments such as titanium dioxide, zinc white, pigment grade zinc oxide
  • black pigments such as iron oxide black, iron manganese
  • Suitable commercial pigments by their Color Index Generic names include PW6, PBk7, PR101 , PR254, PY42, PO73, PR122, PY74, PY138, PB15:3, PG7, PG17, and PV23.
  • the preparation of a pigment dispersion proceeds in steps such as pigment wetting, grinding of pigment particles and stabilization of the pigment particles.
  • Wetting agents are substances which decrease surface or interfacial tension and improve the wetting of solids, thereby acting as surfactants.
  • Dispersing agents prevent particles flocculating by various mechanisms.
  • Wetting and dispersing additives as used in the embodiments combine both mechanisms of action in one product, i.e. they are both wetting and stabilizing agents.
  • the colourant composition contains a dispersing system which contains one or more dispersing agent(s) and/or one or more wetting agent(s). In one embodiment the dispersing system contains one or more dispersing agent(s) and one or more wetting agent(s). In one embodiment the dispersing system contains one or more dispersing and wetting additive(s). The amount of the dispersing system in the composition may be in the range of 2-30%, more generally in the range of 3-28%. In one embodiment the composition contains dispersing system in the range of 7- 24% (w/w). In one embodiment the composition contains dispersing system in the range of 8.5-22% (w/w). In one embodiment the composition contains dispersing system in the range of 3-15% (w/w).
  • the composition contains dispersing system in the range of 4-1 1 % (w/w). In one embodiment the composition contains dispersing system in the range of 3-10% (w/w). In one embodiment the composition contains dispersing system in the range of 3-5% (w/w). In one embodiment the composition contains dispersing system in the range of 3.4-5% (w/w).
  • the dispersing system refers to additives which are used in the dispersion process of the composition, in which solid particles, such as pigment and/or filler particles, are distributed and stabilized in a liquid.
  • the dispersing system may contain at least one dispersing and wetting additive.
  • a "dispersing and wetting additive” comprises both wetting and dispersing functionalities in one substance or product, such as in one molecule or in one composition.
  • Such additives are amphiphilic compounds, i.e. they are both hydrophilic and lipophilic. Their structure allows them to enable or facilitate dispersion of pigments and fillers in the solvent.
  • the dispersing and wetting additives may be categorized according to the head group as anionic, cationic, amphoteric and non-ionic or electroneutral types.
  • a dispersing and wetting additive contains one or more adhesion group(s), which have an effect to the dispersing and wetting effectiveness.
  • Adhesion groups also called as pigment affinic groups, are functional groups which have a special affinity for pigment surfaces. The pigment affinic groups cause adsorption of the additives upon the pigment surface.
  • a pigment affinic group may comprise carboxylic acid, amine, such as tertiary amine, isocyanate or derivatives thereof, or a salt structure which is produced by neutralisation of amine moieties with a mixture of acid- functional polymers.
  • the affinic groups may be cationic or anionic affinic groups.
  • the dispersing and wetting additives may be high molecular weight polymeric dispersing and wetting additives, which contain a considerably large number of pigment affinic groups. Such additives provide complete deflocculation and differ from the conventional low molecular weight analogues through molecular weight sufficiently high to allow the attainment of resin-like character.
  • the solid particles are first wetted.
  • a wetting functionality is required.
  • a wetting agent in general contains a hydrophobic tail and a hydrophilic head.
  • Dispersing functionality is required to prevent the flocculation and to stabilize the particles by various mechanisms, such as electrostatically or sterically.
  • the colourant composition contains two or more, such as two, three or four different dispersing and wetting additives, as described herein.
  • the dispersing and wetting additive may be or comprise an oligomer or a polymer.
  • the dispersing and wetting additive is or comprises a polymeric dispersing and wetting additive.
  • Such products generally have a greater molecular weight than conventional wetting or dispersing agents, such as a molecular weight of 1500 g/mol or more, or 2000 g/mol or more. They are suitable for both organic and inorganic pigments.
  • the dispersing and wetting additive comprises a copolymer containing pigment-affinic blocks and binder-compatible blocks, such as block copolymer or a gradient copolymer.
  • the dispersing and wetting additive comprises lecithin.
  • Lecithins are usually phospholipids, composed of phosphoric acid with choline, glycerol or other fatty acids usually glycolipids or triglyceride. Glycerophospholipids in lecithin include phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidic acid. Lecithins are amphoteric.
  • the dispersing and wetting additive comprises phenyl polymer with epoxy monoalkyl esters. Such a dispersing and wetting additive is especially compatible with organic pigments. In one example the dispersing and wetting additive comprises a (block) copolymer with pigment affinic groups. Such a dispersing and wetting additive is especially compatible with inorganic pigments. In one example the dispersing and wetting additive comprises lecithin, such as soy lecithin. In one example the dispersing and wetting additive comprises ethoxylated fatty acid.
  • the dispersing agent comprises 1 -propanaminium, 3- annino-N-(carboxynnethyl)-N,N-dinnethyl, N-C8-18(even numbered) acyl derivatives, such as C8-18(even numbered) alkylamidopropyl betain.
  • the dispersing system such as the one or more dispersing and wetting additive(s), such as in a product or as a composition, or comprising both wetting and dispersing functionalities in one molecule, comprises pigment affinic groups, such as anionic and/or cationic pigment affinic groups.
  • the dispersing system may be provided as one or more additive(s), which may comprise one or more wetting agent(s) and one or more dispersing agent(s), or it may comprise one or more additive(s) comprising the dispersing and wetting functionalities in the same agent or molecule.
  • the dispersing system comprises one wetting agent and one dispersing agent.
  • the dispersing and wetting additive comprises the dispersing and wetting functionalities in the same agent or molecule.
  • the dispersing system or the dispersing and wetting additive may be an aqueous composition, suspension or solution.
  • wetting and dispersing additive(s) comprising wetting and dispersing functionalities in the same agent, molecule or product is/are used, it is possible to use less additives than if they were added separately as separate additives or as separate dispersing agent(s) and wetting agent(s).
  • the additive(s) may function faster and more efficiently in the composition, provide synergy and/or result in final product having desired properties, such as homogeneity, rheological properties, or other properties described herein.
  • the dispersing system comprises one or more dispersing and wetting additive(s) selected from a modified (e.g. OH modified) polyether or polyester with pigment affinic group(s), such as hydroxyl functional carboxylic acid ester or ether with pigment affinic group(s), polyether phosphate or phenylpolymer with epoxy, monoalkyi esters; copolymer with pigment-affinic group(s), such as acrylate copolymer; block copolymer with pigment affinic group(s); poly(oxy-1 ,2- ethanediyl), alpha-isotridecyl-omega-hydroxy-, phosphate; ethoxylated fatty acid (non-ionic), such as ricinoleic acid polyglycol ester; 1 -propanaminium, 3-amino-N- (carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-, N-C8-18(even numbered) acyl derivatives (amphoteric), such
  • the soy lecithin may be also defined as a combination of diglycerides of fatty acids linked to choline ester of phosphoric acid.
  • the pigment affinic groups comprise carboxylic acid, isocyanate or derivatives thereof. In one embodiment the pigment affinic groups do not contain N-containing group(s).
  • the dispersing system comprises one or more dispersing and wetting additive(s) selected from a copolymer with acidic groups (such as having acidic value of about 101 mg KOH/g); a copolymer with pigment affinic groups having an acid value of 3-7 mg KOH/g, such as about 5 mg KOH/g, which is preferably a reaction product of polyethylene glycol and toluene di-isocyanate; a block copolymer with pigment affinic groups (such as having amine value of 2-5 mg KOH/g, such as about 3 mg KOH/g), which is preferably a reaction product of 2-ethyl hexyl glycidyl ether and butyl-o-tolyl ether; phenyl polymers with epoxy, monoalkyl esters; lecitins; ethoxylated fatty acids; 1 -propanaminium, 3-amino-N- (carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-, N
  • Disperbyk 102 Disperbyk 2060, Disperbyk 2061 , Tego Dispers 653, soy lecithin, Rewopal M 365, VP-D 262.
  • Tego Dispers 653 and Disperbyk 102 a combination of soy lecithin and Rewopal M 365
  • soy lecithin and Tego Dispers 653 a combination of soy lecithin and Tego Dispers 653
  • soy lecithin, Tego Dispers 653 and VP-D 262 a combination of Tego Dispers 653 and VP-D 262
  • Disperbyk 2060, VP-D 262 and Disperbyk 102 Disperbyk 2060 and Disperbyk 2061 .
  • Humectants are hygroscopic materials that are used to promote the retention of moisture. Humectants have an effect to the drying time and they help to prevent the drying out of pigment concentrates during manufacture and also prevent the drying out of paint or coating formulations, for example during storage within a can. Humectants also reduce the viscosity to help increase the pigment loadings for pigment concentrates thereby acting as a process aid. They may also have an effect to the wet-edge time during the application of the paint or coating. The drying time correlates with open time, which is a period in which irregularities in a freshly applied coating can be repaired without resulting in brush marks. On the other hand, the period in which a coating can be applied over an existing paint film without leaving lap marks is called as wet edge time.
  • the use of the humectants described herein may increase the open time and the wet edge time of the final tinted paint.
  • the colourant composition comprises one or more humectant(s), such as polymeric OH-functional humectants, more particularly polymeric OH-functional humectants having a high molecular weight, such as an average molecular weight of at least 500 g/mol, or at least 1000 g/mol.
  • the polymeric OH-functional humectant comprises or consists of polyether humectants, preferably high molecular weight polyether humectants.
  • the high molecular weight humectants disclosed herein are compatible with other compounds of the colourant compositions, and they were not found to cause crosslinking, precipitation, settling or the like of the other compounds.
  • the polymeric OH-functional humectant comprises one or more polymer(s) having OH- functionalities.
  • the polyether humectant is a high molecular weight polyglycol humectant.
  • the polymeric OH-functional humectant may have an average molecular weight in the range of 500-10000 g/mol, 700-10000 g/mol, 1000-10000 g/mol, 500-3000 g/mol, 700-3000 g/mol, 500-2000 g/mol, 700-2000 g/mol, 1000-3000 g/mol, or 1000-2000 g/mol.
  • the polymeric OH-functional humectant such as polyether humectant
  • the polymeric OH-functional humectant has an average molecular weight of at least 1300 g/mol, at least 1400 g/mol or at least 1500 g/mol, for example in the range of 1300-5000 g/mol, 1300-3000 g/mol, or in the range of 1400-5000 g/mol or 1400-3000 g/mol, such as in the range of 1500-3000 g/mol or 1500-2000 g/mol. In one example the polymeric OH-functional humectant has an average molecular weight of about 1500 g/mol.
  • the average or the mean average molecular weight of a polyether may vary, and it may be for example in the range of 200-50 000 g/mol, such as 500- 10000 g/mol, or more particularly 700-10000 g/mol or 1200-10000 g/mol.
  • the polyether humectant has a mean average molecular weight of at least 500 g/mol, at least 700 g/mol, or 1000 g/mol, such as at least 2000 g/mol, or at least 3000 g/mol, such as in the range of 500-5000 g/mol, 700-5000 g/mol, 500-3000 g/mol, 700-3000 g/mol, 500-2000 g/mol, 700-2000 g/mol, or 1000- 3000 g/mol, or 1000-2000 g/mol.
  • One exemplary polyether humectant which was selected and used in the tests had a mean average molecular weight of about 1500 g/mol.
  • the amount of the OH-functional humectants, preferably polyether humectants, in the composition may be in the range of 3-12% (w/w), such as 3.75-10% (w/w), 4- 10% (w/w) or 6-10% (w/w). In certain cases, as noticed in the tests, a higher amount of the humectant is required, such as in the range of 9-12% (w/w) or 6- 12% (w/w).
  • Polyether humectants are used preferably instead of humectants containing low molecular weight glycols, such as mono or oligomeric glycols, having a low (average) molecular weight of about 1000 g/mol or less than 1000 g/mol, less than 700 g/mol, or less than 500 g/mol, or even less than 400 g/mol or less than 200 g/mol. Therefore, the humectants preferably do not contain mono or oligomeric glycols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or butyl glycol. Ethylene glycol has a molecular weight of about 62 g/mol and propylene glycol of about 76 g/mol.
  • glycols examples include glycol ethers, such as ethylene glycol butyl ether, ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, ethylene glycol methyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, and triethylene glycol dimethyl ether.
  • glycol ethers such as ethylene glycol butyl ether, ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, ethylene glycol methyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, and triethylene glycol dimethyl ether.
  • the composition does not contain mono or oligomeric glycols, as discussed in previous.
  • the mono or oligomeric glycols will slow down the drying of the tinted paint, especially alkyd-based paints.
  • longer polyethers do not have such an effect.
  • high molecular weight polyethers keep the colourants flowable and prevent drying and caking of the colourants in the tinting equipment.
  • the humectant does not contain compounds based on phosphoric esters and/or phosphonic esters.
  • the polymeric OH-functional humectant is not a glycerol alkoxylate. Glycerol alkoxylates, such as glycerol ethoxylates, act as cross-linking agents for polyesters, polyurethanes and polyethers.
  • the polyether in the humectant may be for example polymeric glycol, polyhydroxyether, polysaccharide, modified polyurea, or polyalkylene oxide.
  • a polymeric humectant may be a homopolymer or a copolymer of one or more monomers.
  • Polyether glycols, or polyglycols or polyols are aliphatic polyethers with the general formula HO[-(CH2) m O-] n OH.
  • polyether glycols include polyacetal and paraformaldehyde (repeating unit -CH2O-; polyethylene glycol, polyoxyethylene, polyoxyethylene (releating unit -CH2CH2O-; polypropylene glycol, polypropylene oxide, polyoxypropylene (repeating unit -CH2CH(CH3)O-; polytetramethylene glycol, polytetramethylene ether glycol and polytetrahydrofuran (repeating unit -CH2CH2CH2CH2, or a copolymer thereof.
  • polymeric OH-functional humectants such as polyether humectants
  • polyether humectants enables decreasing the amount of VOC and SVOC emissions.
  • Low molecular weight polyglycols such as propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and derivatives thereof, such as glycol derivatives and phenylglycol derivatives, are prone to provide especially VOC or SVOC emissions.
  • Other types of humectants include modified urea, trimethyl polyol, such as trimethylolpropane (propylidynetrimethanol), non-ionic dispersant, and betaine.
  • Non-ionic dispersants may be provided as a mixture with polyols, especially low molecular weight polyols.
  • the colourant composition preferably does not contain certain harmful compounds, such as compounds recognized by EU Ecolabel.
  • the colourant composition does not contain alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEO).
  • the colourant composition does not contain added formaldehyde, phthalates, heavy metals, such as lead, cadmium chromium (VI), mercury, arsenic, barium, selenium or antimony other than trace levels (less than 100 ppm), organotin compounds, phthalates, halogenated organic substances and isocyanates.
  • the colourant composition comprises dispersing system in the range of 3-15% (w/w) and one or more polymeric OH-functional humectant(s) in the range of 4-10% (w/w).
  • the VOC and SVOC content of the colourant composition can be kept at very low level.
  • the colourant composition contains 5 g/l or less of volatile organic compounds (VOC), such as 3.5 g/l or less, 3 g/l or less, 2 g/l or less, or 1 g/l or less, more particularly 0.5 g or less.
  • the colourant composition contains 0.25% (w/w) or less of volatile organic compounds (VOC), 0.20% (w/w) or less, more particularly 0.15% (w/w) or less, or even 0.005% (w/w) or 0.002% (w/w) or less, calculated from the total weight of the composition.
  • the VOC content may be determined according to DIN EN ISO 1 1890/2. In the compositions of the examples the VOC content was below 0.20% (w/w), such as 0.18% (w/w), and in some cases even below 0.002% (w/w), such as 0.0015% (w/w).
  • the colourant composition contains 6 g/l or less of semi-volatile compounds (SVOC), such as 5 g/l or less. In one embodiment the colourant composition contains 3 g/l or less of semi-volatile compounds (SVOC), or 2 g/l or less, more particularly 1 g/l or less. In one embodiment the colourant composition contains 1 .0% or less or less of semi-volatile compounds (SVOC), preferably 0.5% or less, or more preferably 0.35% or less, preferably 0.25% (w/w) or less, for example 0.20% or less, 0.15% or less, or more preferably 0.1 % (w/w) or less, for example 0.05% (w/w) or less.
  • SVOC semi-volatile compounds
  • the SVOC content may be 30 g/l or less, 20 g/l or less, 10 g/l or less, 6 g/l or less, 5 g/l or less or 2 g/l or less, or even 0 g/l.
  • the colourant composition contains no semi-volatile compounds, or substantially no semi-volatile compounds, meaning that only insignificant amounts, such as 0.1 g/l or less, or 0.05% (w/w) or less may be present.
  • the SVOC content may be determined according to DIN EN ISO 1 1890/2. In the compositions of the examples the measured SVOC content was below 0.35% (w/w), even below 0.20% (w/w).
  • ISO 1 1890-2 does not properly cover SVOC measurement
  • another method for determining the SVOC content may be used.
  • ISO 1 1890-2 is currently being proposed to be amended for its scope by ISO/TC 35 to include SVOC determination.
  • SVOC Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds
  • CEPE European Council of the Paint, Printing Ink and Artists' Colours Industry
  • the guidance document interprets the specifications of ISO 1 1890-2 to allow the running of a test to quantify paint SVOC content, either alone or in one run together with an ISO 1 1890-2 VOC test, so as to evaluate compliance with the requirements of the EU Ecolabel.
  • the colourant composition does not contain a binder, such as a ketone aldehyde resin or acrylate binder.
  • a binder such as a ketone aldehyde resin or acrylate binder.
  • binders commonly used in paints cannot be usually used in colourants because they are not readily compatible with other binders, and they often have too high viscosities and poor pigment dispersing and/or wetting properties. If binders would be used, they should be specific colourant binders having better properties with respect to polarity and/or solubility.
  • the colourant composition may contain one or more antifoaming agent(s), which may be also called defoamers.
  • the amount of the antifoaming agent(s) is in the range of 0.1-1 .0% (w/w), such as in the range of 0.6-1 % (w/w), or 0.7-1 % (w/w).
  • the antifoaming agent is an emulsion comprising foam- destroying polysiloxanes, hydrophobic solids and emulsifiers; or a mixture comprising foam-destroying polysiloxanes and hydrophobic solids.
  • Examples of commercial antifoaming agents include BYK-023 silicone defoamer and BYK-017 silicone defoamer.
  • the colourant composition may contain one or more inorganic filler(s).
  • the amount of the inorganic filler(s) may be in the range of 0-43% (w/w), and if present, the amount of the inorganic filler(s) may be in the range of 1-43% (w/w), such as 5- 40% (w/w), or 10-35% (w/w).
  • the inorganic filler may comprise calcium carbonate, calcium sulphate, such as gypsum and anhydrite, barium sulphate, clay minerals such as talc, mica, kaolin/kaolinite, silicon dioxide (silica), diatomaceous silica, dolomite, synthetic silicate fibers or a combination thereof.
  • the filler(s) comprise or consist of kaolin, such as in an amount in the range of 2-33% (w/w), 2-25% (w/w), 4.5-33% (w/w) or 4.5-20% (w/w), more particularly in the range of 4.5-15% (w/w), for example 4.5-10% (w/w).
  • Fillers are used to optimize the dispersing phase to give it a suitable consistency. Optimizing the filler package also gives significant saves in the more expensive components like pigments.
  • Clay minerals, in general hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, may be used because they have a relatively small particle size, which may have an effect to rheological properties, such as viscosity.
  • Talc is a clay mineral comprising hydrated magnesium sil icate with the chemical formula H2Mg3(SiO3)4 or Mg3Si 4 Oio(OH)2.
  • Kaolin may be used especially to extend the titanium dioxide (T1O2) white pigment and modify gloss levels.
  • kaolin refers to rocks that are rich in kaolinite (aluminium silicate dehydrate), which is a clay mineral, with the chemical composition Al2Si2O5(OH) 4 .
  • kaolin is calcined kaolin, which is raw kaolin that has been fired (in a rotary calcining kiln) high enough to remove the about 12% crystal water, i.e. anhydrous aluminium silicate Al2O3-2SiO2.
  • Dolomite is an anhydrous carbonate mineral comprising calcium magnesium carbonate, ideally CaMg(CO3)2, with rhombohedral shaped crystals. In the tests kaolin was found to interact with other ingredients, such as with humectant, and provide effects relating to storage stability and/or antisettling properties.
  • the colourant composition may contain one or more thickener(s).
  • a thickener is used to adjust the overall viscosity of the composition, such as to increase the overall viscosity.
  • the thickener may be inorganic or organic, synthetic or non- synthetic. A thickener may have an effect to rheology, but is not considered an actual rheology modifier in this context.
  • Rheologically active additives i.e. rheology modifiers
  • Rheology modifiers effect changes in viscosity over a specific range of shear rate, which leads to non-Newtonian flow.
  • thickeners effect an increase in viscosity over the whole range of shear rate by increasing only the viscosity of the liquid phase (liquid phase thickeners).
  • the thickeners usually do not change the flow (or the rheology), at least in substantial amounts.
  • the thickener is organic thickener, such as polymeric thickener, for example a synthetic organic thickener.
  • organic thickener may be present in an amount in the range of 0.1-3.0% (w/w), such as in the range of 0.2-2.0% (w/w), for example 0.9-1 .9% (w/w), 0.2-1 .8% (w/w), 0.2-1 .5% (w/w), 0.5-1 .8% (w/w), or 0.5-1 .5%, It was found out that by selecting the amount(s) and type(s) other ingredients, such as the humectant, it was possible to keep the amount of the organic thickener at low level, such as less than 1 .8% (w/w) or less than 1 .5% (w/w).
  • Thickeners may be classified as associative and non-associative thickeners.
  • Associative thickening involves non-specific interactions of hydrophobic end groups of a thickener molecule both with themselves and with the other components of the composition.
  • the thickener produces a reversible, dynamic network of thickener molecules and the other components.
  • Non-associative thickening is thickening by an entanglement of water-soluble, high molecular weight polymer chains.
  • the effectiveness of a non-associative thickener is mainly determined by the molecular weight of the polymer.
  • Formulations thickened non-associative may have pseudoplastic rheology with highly elastic properties. However, such systems may have a limited flowability and because of the high molecular weight, also compatibility problems such as flocculation.
  • a preferred type of thickener is associative thickener, which offers properties including improved flow and leveling. So far associative thickeners were only used in waterborne paints and coatings.
  • the associative thickener may be selected from styrene-maleic anhydride terpolymers (SMAT), hydrophobically modified alkali-swellable emulsions (HASE), hydrophobically modified polyether thickeners (HMPE), hydrophobically modified cellulose ethers (HMHEC), and hydrophobically modified ethoxylated urethanes (HEUR), also known as PUR (polyurethane) associative thickeners.
  • SMAT styrene-maleic anhydride terpolymers
  • HASE hydrophobically modified alkali-swellable emulsions
  • HMPE hydrophobically modified polyether thickeners
  • HHEC hydrophobically modified cellulose ethers
  • HEUR hydrophobically modified ethoxy
  • the associative thickener is hydrophobically modified ethoxylated urethane.
  • the associative thickener is hydrophobically modified polyacetal polyether (HM-PAPE).
  • the polyurethane associative thickeners are synthetic thickeners and may have a molecular weight in the range of 10000-100000 g/mol, such as 15000-100000 g/mol. They usually comprise nonionic hydrophobic polymers, which are available either in liquid form (for example as a 50% solution in water and/or organic solvents) or in powder form.
  • the PUR polymers are obtained by reacting diisocyanates with diols and hydrophobic blocking components.
  • Such molecules may contain hydrophobic terminal segments (end-groups), several hydrophilic segments and urethane groups.
  • the polymer is end-capped with hydrophobic segments.
  • the linking of the middle segments with each other and with the terminal segments occurs mainly via free hydroxyl groups of the segments with mono- or poly-isocyanates forming the urethane structures which give their name to this class of products.
  • hydrophobic segments include oleyl, stearyl, and dodecylphenyl.
  • the hydrophilic segments may comprise polyethers or polyesters, for example polyesters of maleic acid and ethylene glycol and polyethers, such as polyethylene glycol or polyethylene glycol derivatives.
  • polyethers are the preferred hydrophilic segments, as these polymers offer the best chemical resistance and hence the best viscosity stability during storage of the paint.
  • the polymer chain may be extended by polyisocyanates.
  • isocyanates include isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI).
  • IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
  • TDI toluene diisocyanate
  • HMDI hexamethylene diisocyanate
  • the PUR associative thickeners function only through interactions with other components of the composition, such as the colourant composition or the paint or coating.
  • the presence of hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups in the same PUR thickener molecule indicates a certain surface activity. On solution in water, formation of micelles does in fact occur above a characteristic concentration.
  • the same PUR associative thickener molecule may be present in more than one micelle. This results in the formation of structures that reduce the mobility of the water molecules and in an increase of the viscosity, which may result in the formation of a gel structure.
  • the extent to which association takes place with the polymer particle depends on the properties of the hydrophobic group and on emulsion particle surface properties.
  • the strength of the structure build-up between the PUR associative thickener and the dispersion particle depends on the strength of the association of the PUR thickener to the dispersion particle surface.
  • Associative thickeners with multiple hydrophobic functionalities are very effective high-shear thickeners.
  • solventborne paints usually show an almost Newtonian flow behaviour and differ considerably in this respect from dispersion paint systems. Contrary to waterborne coatings, the solventborne coatings are characterized by dissolved resin molecules, rather than dispersed polymeric particles. Therefore, any similar kind of association thickening as seen for associative thickeners with binder particles in waterborne coatings seems to be unlikely in solventborne coatings. However, dispersed pigment particles in solventborne coatings offer adsorptive sites for association interactions, which is used for associative thickeners for use in solventborne coatings (solventborne associative thickeners, SBAT), which belong to the polyurethane class of polymers.
  • the colourant composition comprises one or more liquid associative polymeric thickener(s) in the range of 0.1-3.0% (w/w), such as 0.2- 2.0% (w/w), for example 0.2-1 .8% (w/w).
  • the colourant composition comprises one or more non-ionic liquid associative polymeric thickener(s), such as one or more polyurethane-based non-ionic liquid associative polymeric thickener(s), for example hydrophobically modified polyurethane.
  • the polyurethane-based non-ionic liquid associative polymeric thickener is a solution of polyether urethane.
  • the colourant composition comprises one or more liquid associative polymeric thickener(s) comprising glycerides, such as C8-10 mono, di and th ethoxylated glycehdes; and an oxirane compound, such as phenyl oxirane, polymer with oxirane, or mono (3,5,5-trimethylhexyl) ether.
  • glycerides such as C8-10 mono, di and th ethoxylated glycehdes
  • an oxirane compound such as phenyl oxirane, polymer with oxirane, or mono (3,5,5-trimethylhexyl) ether.
  • the colourant composition has a pH in the range of 7-9.5, such as in the range of 9-9.5 or in the range of 7-8.5.
  • the pH may have been adjusted by adding a pH adjusting agent.
  • the colourant composition may comprise a pH adjustment agent, for example less than 1 % (w/w) of the composition, such as in the range of 0-1 % (w/w), or 0-0.57% (w/w) for adjusting the pH to the range of 7-9.5, such as (earth) alkaline metal hydroxide, such as NaOH, or other pH adjusting agent.
  • the colourant composition comprises one or more rheology modifier(s).
  • Rheology modifiers may be classified in two groups: particulate (dispersed) and polymeric (dissolved) types.
  • the rheology modifier is a particulate rheology modifier, for example comprising layered silicate(s), such as synthetic lattice-layer silicate, or fumed silica or a rheology modifying clay, such as attapulgite, bentonite, or laponite.
  • the rheology modifier is an inorganic rheology modifier.
  • the rheology modifier is a particulate inorganic rheology modifier.
  • the composition does not contain polymeric and/or organic rheology modifiers, which are not associative thickeners, such as acrylates or cellulose ethers.
  • the amount of the particulate or inorganic rheology modifier may be in the range of 0-1 .5% (w/w), more particularly in the range of 0.1-1 .5% (w/w), such as 0.5- 1 .5% (w/w).
  • a rheology modifier refers to a substance which provides for example anti-settling properties. A rheology modifier therefore prevents sedimentation of the substances of the colourant composition, or the paint, but at the same time maintains the fluidity of the composition. The rheology modifier maintains low viscosity in the composition, and it is effective already in small amounts.
  • the rheology modifier may provide thixotrophy to the composition, i.e. time-dependent shear thinning properties.
  • Such a composition may be viscous in static conditions but becomes thin or less viscous when shaken, agitated, sheared or otherwise stressed.
  • Such fluids may be also called as non-Newtonian pseudoplastic fluids, which show a time-dependent change in viscosity; the longer the fluid undergoes shear stress, the lower its viscosity.
  • non-Newtonian pseudoplastic fluids show a time-dependent change in viscosity; the longer the fluid undergoes shear stress, the lower its viscosity.
  • the viscosity does not depend on the shear rate.
  • non- Newtonian flow the viscosity decreases with increase in shear rate.
  • non-Newtonian flow including thixotrophy
  • the viscosity decreases with increase in shear rate (gel curve) and increases with decrease in shear rate (sol curve), but not to the same extent as in the case of the gel curve. If the system is allowed to stand for some time, it returns to its initial viscosity (complete reversibility). The greater the difference between the sol and gel curves, the greater is the degree of thixotropy. Unlike shear thinning, which is time- independent, thixotropy is time-dependent.
  • the particulate and/or inorganic rheology modifier is a silica- based rheology modifier, such as fumed silica, for example hydrophilic fumed silica.
  • the fumed silica may be highly dispersed, i.e. nanoparticulate, which will orientate in a fluid and forms a gel, thereby providing anti-settling properties, in both solvent borne and waterborne paints.
  • Particulate, especially nanoparticulate, rheology modifier, such as the fumed silica was found out to provide such a low viscosity that was especially suitable for the types of universal colourants discussed herein. Therefore in one embodiment the particulate rheology modifier is nanoparticulate.
  • Nanomaterials are chemical substances or materials that are manufactured and used on a very small scale. According to a definition by European Chemicals Agency their structures range from approximately 1 to 100 nm in at least one dimension. Nanomaterials have unique and more pronounced characteristics compared to the same material without nanoscale features. Therefore, the physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials may differ from those of the bulk substance or particles of a larger size.
  • the silica-based rheology modifier comprises colloidal silica.
  • Colloidal silicas are usually present as suspensions of fine amorphous, nonporous, and typically spherical silica particles in a liquid phase. Colloidal silicas are most often prepared in a multi-step process where an alkali-silicate solution is partially neutralized, leading to the formation of silica nuclei.
  • the subunits of colloidal silica particles are typically in the range of 1-5 nm. Whether or not these subunits are joined together depends on the conditions of polymerization. Initial acidification of a water-glass (sodium silicate) solution yields Si(OH) 4 . Colloidal silica may be used to obtain a higher open time of the composition.
  • Fumed silica is also known as pyrogenic silica because it is produced in a flame, and it contains microscopic droplets of amorphous silica fused into branched, chainlike, three-dimensional secondary particles which then agglomerate into tertiary particles.
  • the resulting powder has an extremely low bulk density and high surface area.
  • the fumed silica is hydrophobic, so it is not wetted by water but by waterborne paint resins, which makes it ideal as an additive for modifying rheology, especially of waterborne paints.
  • the particulate and/or inorganic rheology modifier such as the hydrophilic fumed silica, has a specific surface area in the range of 50-600 m 2 /g, 150-400 m 2 /g, 200-400 m 2 /g or 150-250 m 2 /g.
  • the colourant composition comprises one or more biocide(s), preferably in an amount less than 0.2% (w/w) of the total composition, such as less than 0.16% (w/w), for example in an amount in the range of 0.05-0.2% (w/w), or 0.5-0.16% (w/w).
  • the biocide may be any biocide or antimicrobial additive suitable for colourant or paint or coating compositions, such as a bactericide, a fungicide or an algaecide.
  • generally harmful biocides such as PCPs, PCBs and formaldehyde are naturally not preferred.
  • biocides include isothiazolinone based biocides, such as 5-chloro-2-methyl-2H- isothiazol-3-one (C(M)IT), 2-methyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one or 2-methylisothiazol- 3(2H)-one (MIT), 1 ,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one (BIT), 2-methyl-1 ,2-benzisothiazol- 3(2H)-one (MBIT), reaction mass of: 5-chloro-2-methyl-2H-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-2H -isothiazol-3-one (3:1 ) (C(M)IT/MIT), 2-octyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one tai 2- octyl-isothiazol-3(2H)-one (OIT) and 4,5-dichloro-2-octyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one, 4,5- dichloro-2
  • Biocides used in the tests carried out in the embodiments include 2-methyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one and 1 ,2- benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one. Further examples of biocides include iodopropynylbutylcarbamate, octylisothiazolinone, dichlorooctylisothiazolinone, n-butyl-benzisothiazolinone, zinc pyrithione and sodium pyrithione.
  • the colourant compositions disclosed herein may contain also minor amounts of other ingredients, such as in an amount of 0.1-10% (w/w), or 0.1-5% (w/w), or 0.1-3% (w/w), or less than 5%, less than 3% or less than 1 %.
  • One embodiment provides a method for preparing the aqueous universal colourant composition disclosed herein, the method comprising providing the ingredients, such as one or more pigment(s), optionally dispersing system, optionally one or more inorganic filler(s), optionally one or more polymeric OH-functional humectant(s), optionally one or more containing organic thickener(s), optionally one or more inorganic and/or particulate rheology modifier(s), and any other required components, such as one or more inorganic filler(s), one or more biocide(s), one or more antifoaming agent(s), and the like, combining and dispersing said ingredients with water as solvent to obtain the aqueous universal colourant composition.
  • the proportions and/or amounts of the ingredients may be as disclosed in the embodiments.
  • One embodiment provides a method for preparing an aqueous universal colourant composition, the method comprising providing
  • the ingredients may be added to an aqueous solution, such as water.
  • the ingredients may be mixed in the aqueous solution or one or more of them may be mixed before adding to the aqueous solution, such as water.
  • the method comprises providing water, or other aqueous solution, to which the ingredients are to be added.
  • the colourant composition may be any colourant compositions disclosed herein, such as a colourant composition comprising
  • the method for preparing an aqueous universal colourant composition comprises providing the dispersing system as a single additive comprising one or more wetting agent(s) and one or more dispersing agent(s), or one or more agent(s) comprising the dispersing and wetting functionalities in the same agent or molecule.
  • the "single additive" means that no other dispersing system(s) or dispersing and wetting additive(s) is/are added.
  • the dispersing system may be added to water first i.e.
  • One embodiment comprises adding dispersing system to an aqueous solution, such as water, and preferably mixing and/or solubilizing the dispersing system, before adding any other ingredients, or before adding any pigment(s).
  • the method for preparing an aqueous universal colourant composition comprises providing the dispersing system as two or three additives comprising one or more wetting agent(s) and one or more dispersing agent(s), or one or more additive(s) comprising the dispersing and wetting functionalities in the same agent or molecule.
  • the aqueous universal colourant composition disclosed herein may be used in a method for tinting a base paint. In one embodiment the method comprises
  • tinted paint comprising the aqueous universal colourant composition described herein.
  • the tinted paint may be obtained with the methods described herein.
  • the base paint may be any suitable base paint known in the art. Such base paints are usually commercially available and are arranged to be tinted, for example at a retail store. Therefore it is clear that the base paint is not already tinted, but it may contain a basic type colour range, such as white, semi-white or clear. It is also clear that the colourant composition is not a paint, such as a base paint or a tinted paint.
  • a customer may select a desired colour of the final paint.
  • the amount and type of one or more colourant composition(s) to obtain the desired colour is provided, for example by a computerized system or from a manual system, and the provided type(s) and amount(s) of the colourant composition(s) are added into a container containing the base paint, for example through an aperture at the lid of the container. The aperture is closed and the container is then agitated in a mixer so the colourant(s) will be evenly mixed with the base paint and the desired colour of the paint is obtained.
  • the universal colourant may be added to practically any kind of base paints.
  • the rub-out test may be used to check the stabilisation of pigment particles. It can be used to assess the compatibility of pigment concentrates, the tendency of pigment particles to flocculate or pigment flooding phenomena. Rub-out test is described in "Additives for Waterborne Coatings, Wernfried Heilen et al., Hannover: Vincentz Network, 2009 (European Coatings Tech Files), pages 27, 34-35” as follows.
  • Table 1 shows results from a test wherein 2 ml of a colourant of the embodiments was added into 90 ml of white base paint Table 1 .
  • Sample preparation An organic solvent suitable for diluting the sample shall be used. It shall have a purity of at least 99% by mass.
  • the recommended dilution solvent is methanol 100%. If necessary, the sample can be stirred during 30 minutes with application of ultrasound in order to achieve a homogenous liquid phase, or by mechanically stirring during two hours followed by centrifugation or a filtration step using a PTFE filter type for paints containing large, undissolved particles.
  • another suitable dilution solvent such as acetonitrile or tetrahydrofuran, shall be used.
  • the marker compounds to be used are n-tetradecane (n-C14) and n- Docosane (n-C22). It may be necessary to prepare a marker solution containing these compounds in acetone due to the limited solubility of n-Docosane in acetonitrile.
  • the preferred choice of column shall be one made of fused silica coated with 5% phenyl / 95% dimethyl polysiloxane (slightly polar type, DB5 or equivalent).
  • a column coated with 100% dimethyl polysiloxane (non-polar type, DB1 or equivalent) may be used if it can be shown to perform better for predominantly non-polar paint ingredients.
  • a suitable combination of column length (30m or 60m), diameter and temperature programme shall be selected such that compounds in the sample and the markers elute in the order of their increasing boiling points.
  • a column length of 60m may be used to improve the elution order for the slightly polar column type.
  • the preferred internal standard for quantification of SVOC peaks shall be n- tetradecane (n-C14).
  • An alternative internal standard, 1 ,2-diethoxyethane also named ethylene glycol diethyl ether
  • 1 ,2-diethoxyethane also named ethylene glycol diethyl ether
  • SVOCs shall be identified as far as achievable, and then quantification shall be performed with their authentic calibration standards, as specified for VOCs in ISO 1 1890-2, or via their relative response factors. Remaining unknown SVOC peaks shall be quantified using the response factor of diethyl adipate, expressed in diethyl adipate equivalents.
  • SVOCs were measured for colourants of the embodiments. For example a colourant containing diketopyrrolo pyrrole, Pigment PR254, exhibited a SVOC value of 1 .9 g/l, and a colourant containing synthetic hydrated ferric oxide, Pigment yellow PY42, exhibited a SVOC value of 6.0 g/l, corresponding to 0.15% (w/w) and
  • the colourant (about 250 ml) is filled into jar and the jar was closed. Colourant amount has to be enough, that KU viscosity can be measured, but the jar should not be filled to the top.
  • the speed of roller bench is adjusted so, that rolling speed of jar is 30 rpm.
  • the jar is placed on the roller bench for 1 week. After 1 week the jar is taken from the roller bench and the lid is opened. The appearance of colourant is evaluated. Features such as if the colourant is on the walls and if there is a hole on the centre of the colourant, are monitored.
  • the colourant is mixed homogenous with a spatula and the KU viscosity is checked.
  • Colour strength and shade is checked after roller bench by adding colourant (2% v/v) into a white base paint and by shaking 2 minutes in shaker. A draw-down is made on draw-down paper with a 150 ⁇ applicator, and let dry at room temperature until dry. The colour shade and strength are measured against a sample of the same colourant, which has not been on the roller bench.
  • test results and one example are evaluated and shown in Table 2.
  • Test paint Panssarimaali C-base (Solvent borne alkyd paint, clear base paint).
  • Test shade colourants of the embodiments added by vol-% to test paint: Lamp black (Pbk7) 1 .91 %
  • the dispersing additive 1 was a modified polyether with groups of high pigment affinity (polyether phosphate).
  • the dispersing additive 2 was a copolymer with pigment affinic groups having an acid value of 5 mg KOH/g.
  • the dispersing additive 3 was a block copolymer with pigment affinic groups having an acid value of 3 mg KOH/g.
  • the dispersing additive 4 was N-C8-18(even numbered) alkylamidopropyl betain.
  • the polymeric OH-functional humectant was a polyether humectant having a mean average molecular weight of about 1500 g/mol.
  • the associative polymeric thickener was a polyurethane associative thickener.
  • Colourants are added to paints through a dispenser nozzle. It is important, that they do not dry fast in the nozzles of the dispenser in order that the colorants can be dispensed out right amounts to achieve the desired tint for the paint.
  • Table 7 shows a judgement scale used for evaluating the results.
  • compositions 1 and 2 Two different formulas were tested (Compositions 1 and 2), as presented in Table 9.
  • PG17 the amounts of humectant and even inorganic filler had a great effect on the storage stability, especially pigment settling property. This is something unexpected as normally the amount of humectant is expected to have an effect only on drying of the colorant itself and inorganic filler on the viscosity of the colorant, but none of these is expected to improve pigment settling properties of a colorant.
  • formula 2 the amount of associative polymeric thickener could be also reduced, which normally would increase the pigment settling.
  • Dispersing additive 2 3.2 3.4
  • Pigment PG 17 (chrome oxide green) 57.0 55.0

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une composition colorante universelle aqueuse comprenant de l'eau dans la plage de 20 à 65 % (p/p), un ou plusieurs pigments dans la plage de 1,8 à 60 % (p/p), un système de dispersion dans la plage de 2 à 30 % (p/p), un ou plusieurs humectants polymères à fonction OH polymère dans la plage de 3 à 10 % (p/p) ayant une masse moléculaire moyenne d'au moins 1 200 g/mol, la composition contenant une quantité inférieure ou égale à 0,5 % de composés organiques semi-volatils (SVOC), de préférence inférieure ou égale à 0,35 %. La présente invention concerne également un procédé de préparation d'une composition colorante, une peinture teintée, et un procédé de coloration d'une base de peinture.
PCT/FI2018/050267 2017-04-13 2018-04-13 Composition colorante universelle WO2018189426A1 (fr)

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EP18784563.1A EP3609963A4 (fr) 2017-04-13 2018-04-13 Composition colorante universelle
CN201880024802.2A CN110494515A (zh) 2017-04-13 2018-04-13 通用着色组合物
EA201992458A EA039547B1 (ru) 2017-04-13 2018-04-13 Универсальный состав колоранта

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FI20175348A FI127636B (en) 2017-04-13 2017-04-13 An aqueous universal colourant composition and a method for tinting a base paint
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CN111812244A (zh) * 2020-07-22 2020-10-23 北京印刷学院 一种基于离子液体检测水性油墨中VOCs含量的方法
WO2023250065A1 (fr) * 2022-06-22 2023-12-28 Swimc Llc Compositions de colorant universel à faible teneur en cov
EP4299658A1 (fr) * 2022-06-28 2024-01-03 Chromaflo Technologies Europe B.V. Colorant liquide pour peinture de teinture

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CN118724490B (zh) * 2024-09-03 2025-01-24 杭州鸿涛建材科技有限公司 一种环保石膏色粉及其制备方法和应用

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WO2016040641A1 (fr) * 2014-09-11 2016-03-17 Valspar Sourcing, Inc. Colorant universel à haute performance à faible teneur en cov
WO2017029290A1 (fr) * 2015-08-20 2017-02-23 Basf Se Préparations universelles de pigments destinées à être utilisées sur le lieu de vente

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CN111812244A (zh) * 2020-07-22 2020-10-23 北京印刷学院 一种基于离子液体检测水性油墨中VOCs含量的方法
WO2023250065A1 (fr) * 2022-06-22 2023-12-28 Swimc Llc Compositions de colorant universel à faible teneur en cov
US12146075B2 (en) 2022-06-22 2024-11-19 Swimc Llc Low VOC universal colorant compositions
EP4299658A1 (fr) * 2022-06-28 2024-01-03 Chromaflo Technologies Europe B.V. Colorant liquide pour peinture de teinture

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FI127636B (en) 2018-11-15
FI20175348A1 (fi) 2018-10-14
EP3609963A4 (fr) 2021-02-17
EA201992458A1 (ru) 2020-03-04
EA039547B1 (ru) 2022-02-09
EP3609963A1 (fr) 2020-02-19
CN110494515A (zh) 2019-11-22

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