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WO2018185271A1 - Procédé de chargement sans risque d'incendie et d'explosion d'un fluide frigorigène - Google Patents

Procédé de chargement sans risque d'incendie et d'explosion d'un fluide frigorigène Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018185271A1
WO2018185271A1 PCT/EP2018/058830 EP2018058830W WO2018185271A1 WO 2018185271 A1 WO2018185271 A1 WO 2018185271A1 EP 2018058830 W EP2018058830 W EP 2018058830W WO 2018185271 A1 WO2018185271 A1 WO 2018185271A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charging
refrigerant
fire
adapter
quick
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/058830
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Leif THYSSEN
Jens Christian BENTZON
Loius Bernhard CORDING
Morten Klietsch
Original Assignee
Agramkow Fluid Systems A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agramkow Fluid Systems A/S filed Critical Agramkow Fluid Systems A/S
Publication of WO2018185271A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018185271A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
    • F25B2345/001—Charging refrigerant to a cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
    • F25B2345/003—Control issues for charging or collecting refrigerant to or from a cycle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant to refrigerators, air conditioning units, cooling or heating circuits etc., as well as to an apparatus for a fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant.
  • no zone is a non-hazardous zone or a fire- and explosive safe charging zone, where no ventilation is required at the charging adapter, hence, a fire- and explosive safe charging is present.
  • Zone 2 is a zone where an exceptional and only short escape of a gas within a defined area.
  • the Zone 2 area is of ⁇ 0,5 metre from the charging adapter can occur, and no ventilation is required at the charging adapter.
  • a zone 2 is ⁇ 0,5 metre from the charging adapter.
  • a zone 2 could be larger than 0,5 metre.
  • the above object is achieved with a method for fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant to refrigerators, air conditioning units, cooling or heating circuits etc., where the method comprises at least the following steps:
  • the present invention also relates to a method for fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant, where connecting an adapter to a unit to be charged comprises two different concepts:
  • the adaption to the unit to be charged is done via a threaded connecting quick-connector.
  • a vacuum system a vacuum pump or an ejector, and the safety valve is connected directly to the ventilation system.
  • the amount in the charging adapter evacuated by the vacuum device is as low as for example only 0,13 gram.
  • the zone of the appliance to be charged follows the definition of the zone of the charging adapter.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant, where the tube-adapters, for the below 150 gram refrigerant charge are divided into two different types:
  • the present invention also relates to a method for fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant, where monitoring of gas inside the charging system is conducted by means of a gas sensor, and monitoring ventilation inside the charging system is conducted by a dP sensor or a flow sensor.
  • Ventilation is for example set to 100 m 3 /h, where the flow is monitored by a flow switch.
  • An alarm level is for example set to 60 m 3 /h and if the flow is not achieved, further processes are then prevented, where e.g. all electricity in the zone is shut off.
  • the ventilation is set and the flow is monitored by a flow switch, the quick-connector to the system is opened. The monitoring of the flow is along with the monitoring of the gas essential to be able to start any of the processes.lt will then be tested, if the system has already been charged via pressure switch in the adapter. If already charged, the process is aborted.
  • a dP sensor or delta-P sensor is a Differential Pressure sensor.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant, where the monitoring of gas inside the charging system is conducted by means of a gas sensor, defining at least two alarm levels, for example 10 % LEL and 25 % LEL.
  • a gas sensor By using a gas sensor it is possible to detect any possible leakages inside of the charging system.
  • Two alarm levels are defined for example: 10 % and 25 % LEL (LEL: Lower Explosive Limit), as a yellow and red alarm, respectively.
  • LEL Lower Explosive Limit
  • the present invention also relates to a method for fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant, where the signals for operation permission comprise at least signals from the following:
  • the present invention also relates to a method for fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant, where that supply of refrigerants to the charging station comprises at least the following step, where the charging station is supplied by a supply pump, drawing the refrigerant from e.g. bottles situated in a bottle cabinet.
  • a supply pump drawing the refrigerant from e.g. bottles situated in a bottle cabinet.
  • the supply pump could just as well draw the refrigerant from a central a battery or any other storage of refrigerant available.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant, where that supply of refrigerants to the charging station comprises at least the following step, where the refrigerant supply is conducted by e.g. a bottle supply, connected to one bottle at a time.
  • the ventilation alarm has a delay of 10 min.
  • the supply could instead be a central supply line, a battery or any other storage of refrigerant available.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant, where the charging of the adapter implies a mechanical interlock.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant, where evacuation is conducted by a vacuum system, pump or ejector etc. leading the gas to the outside via a ven- tilation system.
  • evacuation is conducted by a vacuum system, pump or ejector etc. leading the gas to the outside via a ven- tilation system.
  • This makes it possible to ensure the method and apparatus claimed and described accordingly, and to equip all tubes in which liquid or gaseous refrigerant may be trapped with safety valves according to EN378-1 and PED Dir. 2014/68/EU, where the outlet of the safety valve together with the outlet of a vacuum device, being e.g. a vacuum system, a vacuum pump, an ejector is ventilated to the outside via the ventilation system.
  • Another option is to use an evacuation adapter. Ejection test of this adapter is not necessary, as the coupler will be closed before the charging process will be commenced.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant, where the method after stopping all functions comprises at least the following steps: closing at least one safety valve, turning off all power and disconnecting all refrigerant supplies.
  • the gas sensor is activated during start-up. In case of any detected leakage, the start-up will not be possible.
  • zone 2 The zone inside the entire mechanical sections of the system is defined as zone 2.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant, where stopping of the functions comprises at least the following: an ordinary process stop button, a control off switch and an emergency stop button. This makes it possible to equip the unit with three different stop functions. Besides, areas, which handle or stores refrigerant, must be ventilated to prevent dangerous accumulation of refrigerant gasses.
  • an apparatus for a fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant comprises at least:
  • a charging station comprising at least one charging adapter and a ventilation inlet, where the charging station is connected to e.g. a bottle supply cabinet with a ventilation outlet.
  • the supply could also be from a central supply line, a battery or any other storage of refrigerant available.
  • the present invention also relates to an apparatus for fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant, where the apparatus further comprises a supply pump at least in one of the following places: the charging station, the bottle supply cabinet, a separate unit between the bottle supply cabinet and the charging station.
  • the charging station can be supplied locally by a supply pump, or another option is to integrate it into the bottle cabinet, or as an even further option, integrate it into the charging station.
  • the present invention also relates to an apparatus for fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant, where the apparatus comprises a safety emergency relay connected to at least one of: a gas sensor, an alarm lamp tower, a dP-sensor, flow sensor, an emergency stop.
  • Figures 1 to 4 show an apparatus for a fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant in various schematic system layouts
  • FIG. 5 shows a charging adapter with a tube adapter quick-connector
  • Figure 6 shows a charging adapter with a threaded adapter quick-connector
  • Figure 7 shows a charging adapter 3 with a tube adapter quick-connector in another embodiment
  • Figure 8 shows a safety emergency relay and its connections
  • Figures 9 and 10 show a charging station and a charging adapter.
  • Figures 1 to 4 show an apparatus 1 for a fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant in a schematic system layout.
  • Figure 1 shows an apparatus 1 for a fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant, where the apparatus 1 comprises a charging station 2, two charging adapters 3, a ventilation inlet 4, and where the charging station 2 is connected to a bottle supply cabinet 5 with bottles 5a, 5b and where the supply cabinet 5 has a ventilation outlet 6.
  • the apparatus 1 further has a supply pump 7 as a separate unit between the bottle supply cabinet 5 and the charging station 2.
  • the figure shows the apparatus 1 schematically at a charging area 8, where the charging area 8 for instance could be a conveyor, where the fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant to refrigerators, air conditioning units, etc., take place.
  • Inserted figure 1 a shows the charging adapter 3
  • figure 1 b shows a tube adapter quick-connector 9
  • figure 1 c shows a threaded adapter quick-connector 10.
  • Figure 2 shows an apparatus 1 for a fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant, similar to the apparatus 1 shown in figure 1 but seen from the side, with the supply pump 7 as a separate unit between the bottle supply cabinet 5 and the charging station 2.
  • a dP sensor or a flow sensor 1 1 for detection of negative pressure/ventilation inside the charging station 2 is shown at the ventilation inlet 4, and a gas sensor 12 with 2 programmable built in alarm levels.
  • Figure 3 shows an apparatus 1 for a fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant, seen from the side, where the supply pump 7 is built into the bottle supply cabinet 5.
  • Figure 4 shows an apparatus 1 for a fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant, seen from the side, where the supply pump 7 is built into the charging station 2.
  • a vacuum system, ejector etc. pump 19 leading the gas to the outside via the ventilation system is for example positioned inside the charging station 2, with the supply pump 7 or inside the bottle supply cabinet 5 and, thus, is just randomly indicated at figures 1 to 4.
  • Figures 5 to 7 show a charging adapter 3 with one of the quick-connectors 9 or 10, in a schematic configuration layout.
  • Figure 5 shows a charging adapter 3 with a tube adapter quick-connector 9, used when charging below 150 gram refrigerant of the adapter 3, also mentioned as a type I safe charging adapter, where metallic claws are used to grip onto the tube.
  • Figure 6 shows a charging adapter 3 with a threaded adapter quick-connector 10 used when charging above 150 gram but below 1000 gram refrigerant of the adapter 3.
  • FIG. 7 shows a charging adapter 3 with a tube adapter quick-connector 9 used when charging below 150 gram refrigerant of the adapter 3 but where the adapter is to be used with a gasket, also mentioned as a type II tube adapter, where a gasket gripping is used, whereby a zone 2 is obtained when used for fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant, which means that an exceptional and only short escape of a gas within a defined area of ⁇ 0,5 metre from the charging adapter can occur.
  • a gasket also mentioned as a type II tube adapter, where a gasket gripping is used, whereby a zone 2 is obtained when used for fire- and explosive safe charging of a refrigerant, which means that an exceptional and only short escape of a gas within a defined area of ⁇ 0,5 metre from the charging adapter can occur.
  • the charging adapter 3 implies a mechanical interlock 3a, which is positioned inside the charging adapter 3 and, thus, is just indicated in figures 5 to 7.
  • Figures 8 shows a safety emergency relay 13 and its connections to a gas sensor 14, which monitors gas inside the charging system, the safety emergency relay 13 being further connected to an alarm lamp tower 15, and to a flow sensor, or dP-sensor 16 which detects negative pressure/ventilation inside the charging system and the safety emergency relay 13 is also connected to an emergency stop 17.
  • the safety emergency relay 13 is also connected to the charging station 2 and the bottle supply cabinet 5 which are both equipped with a safety shut off valve 18, which is normally a closed pneumatic valve.
  • Figures 9 and 10 show a charging station 2 and a charging adapter 3.
  • Figure 9 shows a no zone (non-hazardous zone) situation, where the charging adapter 3 and the system to be charged are leakage-checked prior to a charging process, where no ventilation is, therefore, required at the charging adapter 3.
  • Figure 10 shows a zone 2 (reduced zone) situation, where the charging adapter 3 and the system to be charged is leakage-checked prior to a charging process, where the zone at the charging adapter is ⁇ 0,5m, where no ventilation is, therefore, required at the charging adapter 3.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de chargement sans risque d'incendie et d'explosion d'un fluide frigorigène dans des réfrigérateurs, des unités de climatisation, des circuits de refroidissement ou de chauffage et autres, le procédé comprenant au moins les étapes suivantes : • raccord d'un adaptateur de chargement à une unité à charger au moyen d'un raccord rapide, • vérification du raccordement correct de l'adaptateur de chargement, • surveillance de la présence et de la ventilation du gaz à l'intérieur du système de chargement, • vérification de la pression du système RAC, • vérification de fuite du système RAC, • réception de signaux pour l'autorisation de fonctionnement à partir d'un relais d'urgence de sécurité, • alimentation d'un fluide frigorigène depuis, par exemple, une bouteille située dans une armoire d'alimentation vers une station de chargement et l'adaptateur de chargement, • chargement de l'unité à charger, • évacuation de gaz du raccord rapide, • vérification de fuite du raccord rapide • déconnexion de l'adaptateur de chargement de l'unité chargée en déconnectant le raccord rapide, • arrêt des fonctions mentionnées. Par conséquent, une opération sûre pendant un chargement de ligne de production de climatiseurs/réfrigérateurs est assurée.
PCT/EP2018/058830 2017-04-07 2018-04-06 Procédé de chargement sans risque d'incendie et d'explosion d'un fluide frigorigène WO2018185271A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA201770254 2017-04-07
DKPA201770254 2017-04-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018185271A1 true WO2018185271A1 (fr) 2018-10-11

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3208232A (en) * 1963-10-04 1965-09-28 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus
US20080022701A1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2008-01-31 Vincent Carrubba Apparatus and Method for Servicing a Coolant System
US20080190208A1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-08-14 Paul Appler Vacuum gauge and refrigeration system service tool, and methods of using the same
US20090188263A1 (en) * 2008-01-29 2009-07-30 Murray Gary P Apparatus to Clear Oil from the Hoses and Front End of a Recovery Recharge Machine
US20120247131A1 (en) * 2009-11-25 2012-10-04 Franz-Josef Esch Method for maintaining a vehicle air conditioning unit and service apparatus therefor
US20130086934A1 (en) * 2006-05-04 2013-04-11 Brasscorp Limited Inspection port
US20160123642A1 (en) * 2014-10-31 2016-05-05 Bosch Automotive Service Solutions Llc System and Method for Venting Refrigerant from an Air Conditioning System

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3208232A (en) * 1963-10-04 1965-09-28 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus
US20080022701A1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2008-01-31 Vincent Carrubba Apparatus and Method for Servicing a Coolant System
US20130086934A1 (en) * 2006-05-04 2013-04-11 Brasscorp Limited Inspection port
US20080190208A1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-08-14 Paul Appler Vacuum gauge and refrigeration system service tool, and methods of using the same
US20090188263A1 (en) * 2008-01-29 2009-07-30 Murray Gary P Apparatus to Clear Oil from the Hoses and Front End of a Recovery Recharge Machine
US20120247131A1 (en) * 2009-11-25 2012-10-04 Franz-Josef Esch Method for maintaining a vehicle air conditioning unit and service apparatus therefor
US20160123642A1 (en) * 2014-10-31 2016-05-05 Bosch Automotive Service Solutions Llc System and Method for Venting Refrigerant from an Air Conditioning System

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