WO2018183081A1

WO2018183081A1 - Apparatus, system and method of communicating an edmg mu ppdu with a header b field

Info

Publication number: WO2018183081A1
Application number: PCT/US2018/023770
Authority: WO
Inventors: Artyom LOMAYEV; Alexander Maltsev; Michael Genossar; Claudio Da Silva; Carlos Cordeiro
Original assignee: Intel IP Corporation
Priority date: 2017-03-27
Filing date: 2018-03-22
Publication date: 2018-10-04
Also published as: CN110431814A

Abstract

Some demonstrative embodiments include apparatuses, devices, systems and methods of communicating an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) Multi-User (MU) Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) with a Header B field. For example, an EDMG wireless communication station (STA) may be configured to encode a sequence of EDMG Header B bits of an EDMG Header B field of an EDMG MU PPDU into a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codeword,; determine an encoded EDMG Header B field based on an encoded codeword, the encoded codeword including a concatenation of a plurality of encoded sequences, which are based on the LDPC codeword; modulate the encoded EDMG Header B field into an encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field; and transmit an Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transmission of the EDMG MU PPDU over a channel bandwidth in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz).

Description

APPARATUS, SYSTEM AND METHOD OF COMMUNICATING AN EDMG MU PPDU WITH A HEADER B FIELD

CROSS REFERENCE

[001] This application claims the benefit of and priority from US Provisional Patent Application No. 62/476,929 entitled "Apparatus, System and Method of Communicating an EDMG MU PPDU With a Header B Field", filed March 27, 2017, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

[002] Embodiments described herein generally relate to communicating an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) Multi-User (MU) Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) with a Header B field.

BACKGROUND

[003] A wireless communication network in a millimeter- wave band may provide high-speed data access for users of wireless communication devices.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[004] For simplicity and clarity of illustration, elements shown in the figures have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements may be exaggerated relative to other elements for clarity of presentation. Furthermore, reference numerals may be repeated among the figures to indicate corresponding or analogous elements. The figures are listed below.

[005] Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram illustration of a system, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[006] Fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (EDMG) Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) format, which may be implemented in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[007] Fig. 3 is a schematic flow-chart illustration of a method of communicating an EDMG Multi-User (MU) PPDU with a Header B field, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. [008] Fig. 4 is a schematic flow-chart illustration of a method of communicating an EDMG MU PPDU with a Header B field, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[009] Fig. 5 is a schematic illustration of a product of manufacture, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of some embodiments. However, it will be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art that some embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, units and/or circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the discussion.

[0011] Discussions herein utilizing terms such as, for example, "processing", "computing", "calculating", "determining", "establishing", "analyzing", "checking", or the like, may refer to operation(s) and/or process(es) of a computer, a computing platform, a computing system, or other electronic computing device, that manipulate and/or transform data represented as physical (e.g., electronic) quantities within the computer's registers and/or memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer's registers and/or memories or other information storage medium that may store instructions to perform operations and/or processes.

[0012] The terms "plurality" and "a plurality", as used herein, include, for example, "multiple" or "two or more". For example, "a plurality of items" includes two or more items.

[0013] References to "one embodiment", "an embodiment", "demonstrative embodiment", "various embodiments" etc., indicate that the embodiment(s) so described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Further, repeated use of the phrase "in one embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, although it may. [0014] As used herein, unless otherwise specified the use of the ordinal adjectives "first", "second", "third" etc., to describe a common object, merely indicate that different instances of like objects are being referred to, and are not intended to imply that the objects so described must be in a given sequence, either temporally, spatially, in ranking, or in any other manner. [0015] Some embodiments may be used in conjunction with various devices and systems, for example, a User Equipment (UE), a Mobile Device (MD), a wireless station (STA), a Personal Computer (PC), a desktop computer, a mobile computer, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a server computer, a handheld computer, a handheld device, a wearable device, a sensor device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) device, a handheld PDA device, an on-board device, an off-board device, a hybrid device, a vehicular device, a non-vehicular device, a mobile or portable device, a consumer device, a non-mobile or non-portable device, a wireless communication station, a wireless communication device, a wireless Access Point (AP), a wired or wireless router, a wired or wireless modem, a video device, an audio device, an audio-video (A/V) device, a wired or wireless network, a wireless area network, a Wireless Video Area Network (WVAN), a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wireless LAN (WLAN), a Personal Area Network (PAN), a Wireless PAN (WPAN), and the like.

[0016] Some embodiments may be used in conjunction with devices and/or networks operating in accordance with existing IEEE 802.11 standards (including IEEE 802.11- 2016 {IEEE 802.11-2016, IEEE Standard for Information technology— Telecommunications and information exchange between systems Local and metropolitan area networks— Specific requirements Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications, December 7, 2016); and/or IEEE 802.1 lay {P802.11ay Standard for Information Technology- Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between Systems Local and Metropolitan Area Networks— Specific Requirements Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications— Amendment: Enhanced Throughput for Operation in License-Exempt Bands Above 45 GHz)) and/or future versions and/or derivatives thereof, devices and/or networks operating in accordance with existing WFA Peer-to-Peer (P2P) specifications {WiFi P2P technical specification, version 1.7, July 6, 2016) and/or future versions and/or derivatives thereof, devices and/or networks operating in accordance with existing Wireless- Gigabit-Alliance (WGA) specifications (including Wireless Gigabit Alliance, Inc WiGig MAC and PHY Specification Version 1.1, April 2011, Final specification) and/or future versions and/or derivatives thereof, devices and/or networks operating in accordance with existing cellular specifications and/or protocols, e.g., 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) and/or future versions and/or derivatives thereof, units and/or devices which are part of the above networks, and the like. [0017] Some embodiments may be used in conjunction with one way and/or two-way radio communication systems, cellular radio-telephone communication systems, a mobile phone, a cellular telephone, a wireless telephone, a Personal Communication Systems (PCS) device, a PDA device which incorporates a wireless communication device, a mobile or portable Global Positioning System (GPS) device, a device which incorporates a GPS receiver or transceiver or chip, a device which incorporates an RFID element or chip, a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) transceiver or device, a Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) transceiver or device, a Multiple Input Single Output (MISO) transceiver or device, a device having one or more internal antennas and/or external antennas, Digital Video Broadcast (DVB) devices or systems, multi- standard radio devices or systems, a wired or wireless handheld device, e.g., a Smartphone, a Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) device, or the like.

[0018] Some embodiments may be used in conjunction with one or more types of wireless communication signals and/or systems, for example, Radio Frequency (RF), Infra Red (IR), Frequency-Division Multiplexing (FDM), Orthogonal FDM (OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), FDM Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM), Time-Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Multi-User MIMO (MU-MIMO), Spatial Division Multiple Access (SDMA), Extended TDMA (E- TDMA), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), extended GPRS, Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband CDMA (WCDMA), CDMA 2000, single- carrier CDMA, multi-carrier CDMA, Multi-Carrier Modulation (MDM), Discrete Multi-Tone (DMT), Bluetooth®, Global Positioning System (GPS), Wi-Fi, Wi-Max, ZigBee™, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), Global System for Mobile communication (GSM), 2G, 2.5G, 3G, 3.5G, 4G, Fifth Generation (5G), or Sixth Generation (6G) mobile networks, 3 GPP, Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE advanced, Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), or the like. Other embodiments may be used in various other devices, systems and/or networks.

[0019] The term "wireless device", as used herein, includes, for example, a device capable of wireless communication, a communication device capable of wireless communication, a communication station capable of wireless communication, a portable or non-portable device capable of wireless communication, or the like. In some demonstrative embodiments, a wireless device may be or may include a peripheral that is integrated with a computer, or a peripheral that is attached to a computer. In some demonstrative embodiments, the term "wireless device" may optionally include a wireless service.

[0020] The term "communicating" as used herein with respect to a communication signal includes transmitting the communication signal and/or receiving the communication signal. For example, a communication unit, which is capable of communicating a communication signal, may include a transmitter to transmit the communication signal to at least one other communication unit, and/or a communication receiver to receive the communication signal from at least one other communication unit. The verb communicating may be used to refer to the action of transmitting or the action of receiving. In one example, the phrase "communicating a signal" may refer to the action of transmitting the signal by a first device, and may not necessarily include the action of receiving the signal by a second device. In another example, the phrase "communicating a signal" may refer to the action of receiving the signal by a first device, and may not necessarily include the action of transmitting the signal by a second device. The communication signal may be transmitted and/or received, for example, in the form of Radio Frequency (RF) communication signals, and/or any other type of signal.

[0021] As used herein, the term "circuitry" may refer to, be part of, or include, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an integrated circuit, an electronic circuit, a processor (shared, dedicated, or group), and/or memory (shared, dedicated, or group), that execute one or more software or firmware programs, a combinational logic circuit, and/or other suitable hardware components that provide the described functionality. In some embodiments, the circuitry may be implemented in, or functions associated with the circuitry may be implemented by, one or more software or firmware modules. In some embodiments, circuitry may include logic, at least partially operable in hardware.

[0022] The term "logic" may refer, for example, to computing logic embedded in circuitry of a computing apparatus and/or computing logic stored in a memory of a computing apparatus. For example, the logic may be accessible by a processor of the computing apparatus to execute the computing logic to perform computing functions and/or operations. In one example, logic may be embedded in various types of memory and/or firmware, e.g., silicon blocks of various chips and/or processors. Logic may be included in, and/or implemented as part of, various circuitry, e.g. radio circuitry, receiver circuitry, control circuitry, transmitter circuitry, transceiver circuitry, processor circuitry, and/or the like. In one example, logic may be embedded in volatile memory and/or non-volatile memory, including random access memory, read only memory, programmable memory, magnetic memory, flash memory, persistent memory, and the like. Logic may be executed by one or more processors using memory, e.g., registers, stuck, buffers, and/or the like, coupled to the one or more processors, e.g., as necessary to execute the logic.

[0023] Some demonstrative embodiments may be used in conjunction with a WLAN, e.g., a WiFi network. Other embodiments may be used in conjunction with any other suitable wireless communication network, for example, a wireless area network, a "piconet", a WPAN, a WVAN and the like.

[0024] Some demonstrative embodiments may be used in conjunction with a wireless communication network communicating over a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz), e.g., 60GHz. However, other embodiments may be implemented utilizing any other suitable wireless communication frequency bands, for example, an Extremely High Frequency (EHF) band (the millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency band), e.g., a frequency band within the frequency band of between 20Ghz and 300GHz, a frequency band above 45GHz, a 5G frequency band, a frequency band below 20GHz, e.g., a Sub 1 GHz (S1G) band, a 2.4GHz band, a 5GHz band, a WLAN frequency band, a WPAN frequency band, a frequency band according to the WGA specification, and the like.

[0025] The term "antenna", as used herein, may include any suitable configuration, structure and/or arrangement of one or more antenna elements, components, units, assemblies and/or arrays. In some embodiments, the antenna may implement transmit and receive functionalities using separate transmit and receive antenna elements. In some embodiments, the antenna may implement transmit and receive functionalities using common and/or integrated transmit/receive elements. The antenna may include, for example, a phased array antenna, a single element antenna, a set of switched beam antennas, and/or the like.

[0026] The phrases "directional multi-gigabit (DMG)" and "directional band" (DBand), as used herein, may relate to a frequency band wherein the Channel starting frequency is above 45 GHz. In one example, DMG communications may involve one or more directional links to communicate at a rate of multiple gigabits per second, for example, at least 1 Gigabit per second, e.g., at least 7 Gigabit per second, at least 30 Gigabit per second, or any other rate. [0027] Some demonstrative embodiments may be implemented by a DMG STA (also referred to as a "mmWave STA (mSTA)"), which may include for example, a STA having a radio transmitter, which is capable of operating on a channel that is within the DMG band. The DMG STA may perform other additional or alternative functionality. Other embodiments may be implemented by any other apparatus, device and/or station.

[0028] Reference is made to Fig. 1, which schematically illustrates a system 100, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[0029] As shown in Fig. 1, in some demonstrative embodiments, system 100 may include one or more wireless communication devices. For example, system 100 may include a wireless communication device 102, a wireless communication device 140, and/or one more other devices.

[0030] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may include a mobile device or a non-mobile, e.g., a static, device.

[0031] For example, devices 102 and/or 140 may include, for example, a UE, an MD, a STA, an AP, a PC, a desktop computer, a mobile computer, a laptop computer, an Ultrabook™ computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a server computer, a handheld computer, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a sensor device, a handheld device, a wearable device, a PDA device, a handheld PDA device, an on-board device, an off-board device, a hybrid device (e.g., combining cellular phone functionalities with PDA device functionalities), a consumer device, a vehicular device, a non-vehicular device, a mobile or portable device, a non-mobile or nonportable device, a mobile phone, a cellular telephone, a PCS device, a PDA device which incorporates a wireless communication device, a mobile or portable GPS device, a DVB device, a relatively small computing device, a non-desktop computer, a "Cany Small Live Large" (CSLL) device, an Ultra Mobile Device (UMD), an Ultra Mobile PC (UMPC), a Mobile Internet Device (MID), an "Origami" device or computing device, a device that supports Dynamically Composable Computing (DCC), a context-aware device, a video device, an audio device, an A/V device, a Set- Top-Box (STB), a Blu-ray disc (BD) player, a BD recorder, a Digital Video Disc (DVD) player, a High Definition (HD) DVD player, a DVD recorder, a HD DVD recorder, a Personal Video Recorder (PVR), a broadcast HD receiver, a video source, an audio source, a video sink, an audio sink, a stereo tuner, a broadcast radio receiver, a flat panel display, a Personal Media Player (PMP), a digital video camera (DVC), a digital audio player, a speaker, an audio receiver, an audio amplifier, a gaming device, a data source, a data sink, a Digital Still camera (DSC), a media player, a Smartphone, a television, a music player, or the like. [0032] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 may include, for example, one or more of a processor 191, an input unit 192, an output unit 193, a memory unit 194, and/or a storage unit 195; and/or device 140 may include, for example, one or more of a processor 181, an input unit 182, an output unit 183, a memory unit 184, and/or a storage unit 185. Devices 102 and/or 140 may optionally include other suitable hardware components and/or software components. In some demonstrative embodiments, some or all of the components of one or more of devices 102 and/or 140 may be enclosed in a common housing or packaging, and may be interconnected or operably associated using one or more wired or wireless links. In other embodiments, components of one or more of devices 102 and/or 140 may be distributed among multiple or separate devices.

[0033] In some demonstrative embodiments, processor 191 and/or processor 181 may include, for example, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), one or more processor cores, a single-core processor, a dual-core processor, a multiple-core processor, a microprocessor, a host processor, a controller, a plurality of processors or controllers, a chip, a microchip, one or more circuits, circuitry, a logic unit, an Integrated Circuit (IC), an Application-Specific IC (ASIC), or any other suitable multi-purpose or specific processor or controller. Processor 191 may execute instructions, for example, of an Operating System (OS) of device 102 and/or of one or more suitable applications. Processor 181 may execute instructions, for example, of an Operating System (OS) of device 140 and/or of one or more suitable applications.

[0034] In some demonstrative embodiments, input unit 192 and/or input unit 182 may include, for example, a keyboard, a keypad, a mouse, a touch-screen, a touch-pad, a track-ball, a stylus, a microphone, or other suitable pointing device or input device. Output unit 193 and/or output unit 183 may include, for example, a monitor, a screen, a touch- screen, a flat panel display, a Light Emitting Diode (LED) display unit, a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) display unit, a plasma display unit, one or more audio speakers or earphones, or other suitable output devices. [0035] In some demonstrative embodiments, memory unit 194 and/or memory unit 184 includes, for example, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Dynamic RAM (DRAM), a Synchronous DRAM (SD-RAM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, a cache memory, a buffer, a short term memory unit, a long term memory unit, or other suitable memory units. Storage unit 195 and/or storage unit 185 may include, for example, a hard disk drive, a floppy disk drive, a Compact Disk (CD) drive, a CD-ROM drive, a DVD drive, or other suitable removable or non-removable storage units. Memory unit 194 and/or storage unit 195, for example, may store data processed by device 102. Memory unit 184 and/or storage unit 185, for example, may store data processed by device 140. [0036] In some demonstrative embodiments, wireless communication devices 102 and/or 140 may be capable of communicating content, data, information and/or signals via a wireless medium (WM) 103. In some demonstrative embodiments, wireless medium 103 may include, for example, a radio channel, a cellular channel, an RF channel, a WiFi channel, a 5G channel, an IR channel, a Bluetooth (BT) channel, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Channel, and the like.

[0037] In some demonstrative embodiments, WM 103 may include one or more directional bands and/or channels. For example, WM 103 may include one or more millimeter-wave (mmWave) wireless communication bands and/or channels.

[0038] In some demonstrative embodiments, WM 103 may include one or more DMG channels. In other embodiments WM 103 may include any other directional channels.

[0039] In other embodiments, WM 103 may include any other type of channel over any other frequency band.

[0040] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may include one or more radios including circuitry and/or logic to perform wireless communication between devices 102, 140 and/or one or more other wireless communication devices. For example, device 102 may include at least one radio 114, and/or device 140 may include at least one radio 144.

[0041] In some demonstrative embodiments, radio 114 and/or radio 144 may include one or more wireless receivers (Rx) including circuitry and/or logic to receive wireless communication signals, RF signals, frames, blocks, transmission streams, packets, messages, data items, and/or data. For example, radio 114 may include at least one receiver 116, and/or radio 144 may include at least one receiver 146.

[0042] In some demonstrative embodiments, radio 114 and/or radio 144 may include one or more wireless transmitters (Tx) including circuitry and/or logic to transmit wireless communication signals, RF signals, frames, blocks, transmission streams, packets, messages, data items, and/or data. For example, radio 114 may include at least one transmitter 118, and/or radio 144 may include at least one transmitter 148.

[0043] In some demonstrative embodiments, radio 114 and/or radio 144, transmitters 118 and/or 148, and/or receivers 116 and/or 146 may include circuitry; logic; Radio Frequency (RF) elements, circuitry and/or logic; baseband elements, circuitry and/or logic; modulation elements, circuitry and/or logic; demodulation elements, circuitry and/or logic; amplifiers; analog to digital and/or digital to analog converters; filters; and/or the like. For example, radio 114 and/or radio 144 may include or may be implemented as part of a wireless Network Interface Card (NIC), and the like. [0044] In some demonstrative embodiments, radios 114 and/or 144 may be configured to communicate over a directional band, for example, an mmWave band, a 5G band, and/or any other band, for example, a 2.4GHz band, a 5GHz band, a SIG band, and/or any other band.

[0045] In some demonstrative embodiments, radios 114 and/or 144 may include, or may be associated with one or more, e.g., a plurality of, directional antennas.

[0046] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 may include one or more, e.g., a plurality of, directional antennas 107, and/or device 140 may include on or more, e.g., a plurality of, directional antennas 147.

[0047] Antennas 107 and/or 147 may include any type of antennas suitable for transmitting and/or receiving wireless communication signals, blocks, frames, transmission streams, packets, messages and/or data. For example, antennas 107 and/or 147 may include any suitable configuration, structure and/or arrangement of one or more antenna elements, components, units, assemblies and/or arrays. Antennas 107 and/or 147 may include, for example, antennas suitable for directional communication, e.g., using beamforming techniques. For example, antennas 107 and/or 147 may include a phased array antenna, a multiple element antenna, a set of switched beam antennas, and/or the like. In some embodiments, antennas 107 and/or 147 may implement transmit and receive functionalities using separate transmit and receive antenna elements. In some embodiments, antennas 107 and/or 147 may implement transmit and receive functionalities using common and/or integrated transmit/receive elements. [0048] In some demonstrative embodiments, antennas 107 and/or 147 may include directional antennas, which may be steered to one or more beam directions. For example, antennas 107 may be steered to one or more beam directions 135, and/or antennas 147 may be steered to one or more beam directions 145.

[0049] In some demonstrative embodiments, antennas 107 and/or 147 may include and/or may be implemented as part of a single Phased Antenna Array (PAA).

[0050] In some demonstrative embodiments, antennas 107 and/or 147 may be implemented as part of a plurality of PAAs, for example, as a plurality of physically independent PAAs.

[0051] In some demonstrative embodiments, a PAA may include, for example, a rectangular geometry, e.g., including an integer number, denoted M, of rows, and an integer number, denoted N, of columns. In other embodiments, any other types of antennas and/or antenna arrays may be used.

[0052] In some demonstrative embodiments, antennas 107 and/or antennas 147 may be connected to, and/or associated with, one or more Radio Frequency (RF) chains. [0053] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 may include one or more, e.g., a plurality of, RF chains 109 connected to, and/or associated with, antennas 107.

[0054] In some demonstrative embodiments, one or more of RF chains 109 may be included as part of, and/or implemented as part of one or more elements of radio 114, e.g., as part of transmitter 118 and/or receiver 116. [0055] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 140 may include one or more, e.g., a plurality of, RF chains 149 connected to, and/or associated with, antennas 147. [0056] In some demonstrative embodiments, one or more of RF chains 149 may be included as part of, and/or implemented as part of one or more elements of radio 144, e.g., as part of transmitter 148 and/or receiver 146.

[0057] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 may include a controller 124, and/or device 140 may include a controller 154. Controller 124 may be configured to perform and/or to trigger, cause, instruct and/or control device 102 to perform, one or more communications, to generate and/or communicate one or more messages and/or transmissions, and/or to perform one or more functionalities, operations and/or procedures between devices 102, 140 and/or one or more other devices; and/or controller 154 may be configured to perform, and/or to trigger, cause, instruct and/or control device 140 to perform, one or more communications, to generate and/or communicate one or more messages and/or transmissions, and/or to perform one or more functionalities, operations and/or procedures between devices 102, 140 and/or one or more other devices, e.g., as described below. [0058] In some demonstrative embodiments, controllers 124 and/or 154 may include, or may be implemented, partially or entirely, by circuitry and/or logic, e.g., one or more processors including circuitry and/or logic, memory circuitry and/or logic, Media-Access Control (MAC) circuitry and/or logic, Physical Layer (PHY) circuitry and/or logic, baseband (BB) circuitry and/or logic, a BB processor, a BB memory, Application Processor (AP) circuitry and/or logic, an AP processor, an AP memory, and/or any other circuitry and/or logic, configured to perform the functionality of controllers 124 and/or 154, respectively. Additionally or alternatively, one or more functionalities of controllers 124 and/or 154 may be implemented by logic, which may be executed by a machine and/or one or more processors, e.g., as described below.

[0059] In one example, controller 124 may include circuitry and/or logic, for example, one or more processors including circuitry and/or logic, to cause, trigger and/or control a wireless device, e.g., device 102, and/or a wireless station, e.g., a wireless STA implemented by device 102, to perform one or more operations, communications and/or functionalities, e.g., as described herein.

[0060] In one example, controller 124 may include a memory to store instructions processed by the one or more processors. [0061] In one example, controller 154 may include circuitry and/or logic, for example, one or more processors including circuitry and/or logic, to cause, trigger and/or control a wireless device, e.g., device 140, and/or a wireless station, e.g., a wireless STA implemented by device 140, to perform one or more operations, communications and/or functionalities, e.g., as described herein.

[0062] In one example, controller 154 may include a memory to store instructions processed by the one or more processors.

[0063] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 may include a message processor 128 configured to generate, process and/or access one or messages communicated by device 102.

[0064] In one example, message processor 128 may be configured to generate one or more messages to be transmitted by device 102, and/or message processor 128 may be configured to access and/or to process one or more messages received by device 102, e.g., as described below. [0065] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 140 may include a message processor 158 configured to generate, process and/or access one or messages communicated by device 140.

[0066] In one example, message processor 158 may be configured to generate one or more messages to be transmitted by device 140, and/or message processor 158 may be configured to access and/or to process one or more messages received by device 140, e.g., as described below.

[0067] In some demonstrative embodiments, message processors 128 and/or 158 may include, or may be implemented, partially or entirely, by circuitry and/or logic, e.g., one or more processors including circuitry and/or logic, memory circuitry and/or logic, Media-Access Control (MAC) circuitry and/or logic, Physical Layer (PHY) circuitry and/or logic, BB circuitry and/or logic, a BB processor, a BB memory, AP circuitry and/or logic, an AP processor, an AP memory, and/or any other circuitry and/or logic, configured to perform the functionality of message processors 128 and/or 158, respectively. Additionally or alternatively, one or more functionalities of message processors 128 and/or 158 may be implemented by logic, which may be executed by a machine and/or one or more processors, e.g., as described below. [0068] In some demonstrative embodiments, at least part of the functionality of message processor 128 may be implemented as part of radio 114, and/or at least part of the functionality of message processor 158 may be implemented as part of radio 144. [0069] In some demonstrative embodiments, at least part of the functionality of message processor 128 may be implemented as part of controller 124, and/or at least part of the functionality of message processor 158 may be implemented as part of controller 154.

[0070] In other embodiments, the functionality of message processor 128 may be implemented as part of any other element of device 102, and/or the functionality of message processor 158 may be implemented as part of any other element of device 140.

[0071] In some demonstrative embodiments, at least part of the functionality of controller 124 and/or message processor 128 may be implemented by an integrated circuit, for example, a chip, e.g., a System on Chip (SoC). In one example, the chip or SoC may be configured to perform one or more functionalities of radio 114. For example, the chip or SoC may include one or more elements of controller 124, one or more elements of message processor 128, and/or one or more elements of radio 114. In one example, controller 124, message processor 128, and radio 114 may be implemented as part of the chip or SoC.

[0072] In other embodiments, controller 124, message processor 128 and/or radio 114 may be implemented by one or more additional or alternative elements of device 102.

[0073] In some demonstrative embodiments, at least part of the functionality of controller 154 and/or message processor 158 may be implemented by an integrated circuit, for example, a chip, e.g., a System on Chip (SoC). In one example, the chip or SoC may be configured to perform one or more functionalities of radio 144. For example, the chip or SoC may include one or more elements of controller 154, one or more elements of message processor 158, and/or one or more elements of radio 144. In one example, controller 154, message processor 158, and radio 144 may be implemented as part of the chip or SoC.

[0074] In other embodiments, controller 154, message processor 158 and/or radio 144 may be implemented by one or more additional or alternative elements of device 140. [0075] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may include, operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, one or more STAs. For example, device 102 may include at least one STA, and/or device 140 may include at least one STA. [0076] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may include, operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, one or more DMG STAs. For example, device 102 may include, operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, at least one DMG STA, and/or device 140 may include, operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, at least one DMG STA.

[0077] In other embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may include, operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, any other wireless device and/or station, e.g., a WLAN STA, a WiFi STA, and the like.

[0078] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may be configured operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, an access point (AP), e.g., a DMG AP, and/or a personal basic service set (PBSS) control point (PCP), e.g., a DMG PCP, for example, an AP/PCP STA, e.g., a DMG AP/PCP STA.

[0079] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may be configured to operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, a non-AP STA, e.g., a DMG non-AP STA, and/or a non-PCP STA, e.g., a DMG non-PCP STA, for example, a non-AP/PCP STA, e.g., a DMG non- AP/PCP STA.

[0080] In other embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, any other additional or alternative device and/or station.

[0081] In one example, a station (STA) may include a logical entity that is a singly addressable instance of a medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) interface to the wireless medium (WM). The STA may perform any other additional or alternative functionality.

[0082] In one example, an AP may include an entity that contains a station (STA), e.g., one STA, and provides access to distribution services, via the wireless medium (WM) for associated STAs. The AP may perform any other additional or alternative functionality.

[0083] In one example, a personal basic service set (PBSS) control point (PCP) may include an entity that contains a STA, e.g., one station (STA), and coordinates access to the wireless medium (WM) by STAs that are members of a PBSS. The PCP may perform any other additional or alternative functionality.

[0084] In one example, a PBSS may include a directional multi-gigabit (DMG) basic service set (BSS) that includes, for example, one PBSS control point (PCP). For example, access to a distribution system (DS) may not be present, but, for example, an intra-PBSS forwarding service may optionally be present.

[0085] In one example, a PCP/AP STA may include a station (STA) that is at least one of a PCP or an AP. The PCP/AP STA may perform any other additional or alternative functionality.

[0086] In one example, a non-AP STA may include a STA that is not contained within an AP. The non-AP STA may perform any other additional or alternative functionality.

[0087] In one example, a non-PCP STA may include a STA that is not a PCP. The non-PCP STA may perform any other additional or alternative functionality.

[0088] In one example, a non PCP/AP STA may include a STA that is not a PCP and that is not an AP. The non-PCP/AP STA may perform any other additional or alternative functionality.

[0089] In some demonstrative embodiments devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to communicate over a Next Generation 60 GHz (NG60) network, an Enhanced DMG (EDMG) network, and/or any other network. For example, devices 102 and/or 140 may perform Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MFMO) communication, for example, for communicating over the NG60 and/or EDMG networks, e.g., over an NG60 or an EDMG frequency band.

[0090] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to operate in accordance with one or more Specifications, for example, including one or more IEEE 802.11 Specifications, e.g., an IEEE 802.11-2016 Specification, an IEEE 802.1 lay Specification, and/or any other specification and/or protocol.

[0091] Some demonstrative embodiments may be implemented, for example, as part of a new standard in an mmWave band, e.g., a 60GHz frequency band or any other directional band, for example, as an evolution of an IEEE 802.11-2016 Specification and/or an IEEE 802. Had Specification.

[0092] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured according to one or more standards, for example, in accordance with an IEEE 802. Hay Standard, which may be, for example, configured to enhance the efficiency and/or performance of an IEEE 802. Had Specification, which may be configured to provide Wi-Fi connectivity in a 60 GHz band.

[0093] Some demonstrative embodiments may enable, for example, to significantly increase the data transmission rates defined in the IEEE 802. Had Specification, for example, from 7 Gigabit per second (Gbps), e.g., up to 30 Gbps, or to any other data rate, which may, for example, satisfy growing demand in network capacity for new coming applications.

[0094] Some demonstrative embodiments may be implemented, for example, to allow increasing a transmission data rate, for example, by applying MIMO and/or channel bonding techniques. [0095] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to communicate MIMO communications over the mmWave wireless communication band.

[0096] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may be configured to support one or more mechanisms and/or features, for example, channel bonding, Single User (SU) MIMO, and/or Multi-User (MU) MFMO, for example, in accordance with an IEEE 802.1 lay Standard and/or any other standard and/or protocol.

[0097] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may include, operate as, perform a role of, and/or perform the functionality of, one or more EDMG STAs. For example, device 102 may include, operate as, perform a role of, and/or perform the functionality of, at least one EDMG STA, and/or device 140 may include, operate as, perform a role of, and/or perform the functionality of, at least one EDMG STA.

[0098] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may implement a communication scheme, which may include Physical layer (PHY) and/or Media Access Control (MAC) layer schemes, for example, to support one or more applications, and/or increased transmission data rates, e.g., data rates of up to 30 Gbps, or any other data rate.

[0099] In some demonstrative embodiments, the PHY and/or MAC layer schemes may be configured to support frequency channel bonding over a mmWave band, e.g., over a 60 GHz band, SU MEVIO techniques, and/or MU MEVIO techniques.

[00100] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to implement one or more mechanisms, which may be configured to enable SU and/or MU communication of Downlink (DL) and/or Uplink frames (UL) using a MIMO scheme. [00101] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may be configured to implement one or more MU communication mechanisms. For example, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to implement one or more MU mechanisms, which may be configured to enable MU communication of DL frames using a MIMO scheme, for example, between a device, e.g., device 102, and a plurality of devices, e.g., including device 140 and/or one or more other devices.

[00102] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to communicate over an NG60 network, an EDMG network, and/or any other network and/or any other frequency band. For example, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to communicate DL MFMO transmissions and/or UL MIMO transmissions, for example, for communicating over the NG60 and/or EDMG networks.

[00103] Some wireless communication Specifications, for example, the IEEE 802.1 lad-2012 Specification, may be configured to support a SU system, in which a STA may transmit frames to a single STA at a time. Such Specifications may not be able, for example, to support a STA transmitting to multiple STAs simultaneously, for example, using a MU-MIMO scheme, e.g., a DL MU-MFMO, or any other MU scheme. [00104] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to communicate over a channel bandwidth, e.g., of at least 2.16GHz, in a frequency band above 45GHz.

[00105] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to implement one or more mechanisms, which may, for example, enable to extend a single-channel BW scheme, e.g., a scheme in accordance with the IEEE 802. Had Specification or any other scheme, for higher data rates and/or increased capabilities, e.g., as described below.

[00106] In one example, the single-channel BW scheme may include communication over a 2.16 GHz channel (also referred to as a "single-channel" or a "DMG channel").

[00107] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to implement one or more channel bonding mechanisms, which may, for example, support communication over a channel BW (also referred to as a "wide channel", an "EDMG channel", or a "bonded channel") including two or more channels, e.g., two or more 2.16 GHz channels, e.g., as described below.

[00108] In some demonstrative embodiments, the channel bonding mechanisms may include, for example, a mechanism and/or an operation whereby two or more channels, e.g., 2.16 GHz channels, can be combined, e.g., for a higher bandwidth of packet transmission, for example, to enable achieving higher data rates, e.g., when compared to transmissions over a single channel. Some demonstrative embodiments are described herein with respect to communication over a channel BW including two or more 2.16 GHz channels, however other embodiments may be implemented with respect to communications over a channel bandwidth, e.g., a "wide" channel, including or formed by any other number of two or more channels, for example, an aggregated channel including an aggregation of two or more channels.

[00109] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may be configured to implement one or more channel bonding mechanisms, which may, for example, support an increased channel bandwidth, for example, a channel BW of 4.32 GHz, a channel BW of 6.48 GHz, a channel BW of 8.64 GHz, and/or any other additional or alternative channel BW, e.g., as described below.

[00110] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may be configured to implement one or more channel bonding mechanisms, which may, for example, support an increased channel bandwidth, for example, a channel BW of 4.32 GHz, e.g., including two 2.16Ghz channels according to a channel bonding factor of two, a channel BW of 6.48 GHz, e.g., including three 2.16Ghz channels according to a channel bonding factor of three, a channel BW of 8.64 GHz, e.g., including four 2.16Ghz channels according to a channel bonding factor of four, and/or any other additional or alternative channel BW, e.g., including any other number of 2.16Ghz channels and/or according to any other channel bonding factor.

[00111] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may be configured to communicate one or more transmissions over one or more channel BWs, for example, including a channel BW of 2.16GHz, a channel BW of 4.32GHz, a channel BW of 6.48GHz, a channel BW of 8.64GHz and/or any other channel BW.

[00112] In some demonstrative embodiments, introduction of MIMO may be based, for example, on implementing robust transmission modes and/or enhancing the reliability of data transmission, e.g., rather than the transmission rate, compared to a Single Input Single Output (SISO) case. For example, one or more Space Time Block Coding (STBC) schemes utilizing a space-time channel diversity property may be implemented to achieve one or more enhancements for the MTMO transmission.

[00113] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to generate, process, transmit and/or receive a Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) having a PPDU format (also referred to as "EDMG PPDU format"), which may be configured, for example, for communication between EDMG stations, e.g., as described below.

[00114] In some demonstrative embodiments, a PPDU, e.g., an EDMG PPDU, may include at least one non-EDMG fields, e.g., a legacy field, which may be identified, decodable, and/or processed by one or more devices ("non-EDMG devices", or "legacy devices"), which may not support one or more features and/or mechanisms ("non-legacy" mechanisms or "EDMG mechanisms"). For example, the legacy devices may include non-EDMG stations, which may be, for example, configured according to an IEEE 802.11-2016 Standard, and the like. For example, a non-EDMG station may include a DMG station, which is not an EDMG station.

[00115] Reference is made to Fig. 2, which schematically illustrates an EDMG PPDU format 200, which may be implemented in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. In one example, devices 102 (Fig. 1) and/or 140 (Fig. 1) may be configured to generate, transmit, receive and/or process one or more EDMG PPDUs having the structure and/or format of EDMG PPDU 200.

[00116] In one example, devices 102 (Fig. 1) and/or 140 (Fig. 1) may communicate EDMG PPDU 200, for example, as part of a transmission over a channel, e.g., an EDMG channel, having a channel bandwidth including one or more 2.16GHz channels, e.g., as described below.

[00117] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 2, EDMG PPDU 200 may include a non-EDMG portion 210 ("legacy portion"), e.g., as described below. [00118] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 2, non-EDMG portion 210 may include a non-EDMG (legacy) Short Training Field (STF) (L-STF) 202, a non-EDMG (Legacy) Channel Estimation Field (CEF) (L-CEF) 204, and/or a non- EDMG header (L-header) 206.

[00119] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 2, EDMG PPDU 200, may include an EDMG portion 220, for example, following non-EDMG portion 210, e.g., as described below.

[00120] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 2, EDMG portion 220 may include a first EDMG header, e.g., an EDMG-Header-A 208, an EDMG- STF 212, an EDMG-CEF 214, a second EDMG header, e.g., an EDMG-Header-B 216, a Data field 218, and/or one or more beamforming training fields, e.g., a TRN field 224.

[00121] In some demonstrative embodiments, EDMG portion 220 may include some or all of the fields shown in Fig. 2 and/or one or more other additional or alternative fields. [00122] In some demonstrative embodiments, Header B field 216 may be included, for example, in EDMG MU PPDUs, for example, on a per STA basis.

[00123] In some demonstrative embodiments, Header B field 216 corresponding to a STA addressed by the EDMG MU PPDU may include, for example, information relating to a transmission of a data unit, for example, a PHY Service Data Unit (PSDU) to the STA. [00124] In some demonstrative embodiments, EDMG Header B field 216 may include for example, 64 bits, e.g., as described below. In other embodiments, the EDMG Header B field 216 may include any other number of bits.

[00125] In one example, EDMG Header B field 216 corresponding to the STA may include, for example, at least a scrambler seed field, a PSDU length field, e.g., to indicate a length of the PSDU to the STA, and/or one or more Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) fields to indicate one or more MCSs. For example, the Header B field may include first and second MCS fields to indicate MCSs for first and second respective spatial streams. [00126] In other embodiments, EDMG Header B field 216 may include any other additional or alternative fields and/or information.

[00127] Referring back to Fig. 1, in some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to generate, transmit, receive and/or process one or more OFDM transmissions including a header field, for example, a Header B field, e.g., EDMG-Header-B field 216 (Fig. 2), which may be configured, for example, for EDMG OFDM PHY, e.g., as described below.

[00128] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to generate, transmit, receive and/or process an EDMG MU PPDU including an EDMG-Header-B, e.g., EDMG-Header-B 216 (Fig. 2), for example, according to an encoding and modulation method, which may be configured, for example for OFDM PHY, for example, to be implemented in a future IEEE 802.1 lay Specification, e.g., as described below.

[00129] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to generate, transmit, receive and/or process an EDMG MU PPDU including an EDMG-Header-B, e.g., EDMG-Header-B 216 (Fig. 2), which may be configured, for example, to support and/or allow to transmit N_STS = 2 space-time streams, e.g., per STA, for example, for a channel bonding transmission with a channel bonding factor of, for example, N_CB = 1, 2, 3, or 4, e.g., as described below.

[00130] For example, the factor N_CB may be implemented to define a number of channels, e.g., a number of contiguous 2.16GHz channels, which may be used for transmission of the PPDU. For example, a PPDU bandwidth of the PPDU may be defined as Ncs*2.16 GHz. [00131] In some demonstrative embodiments, the EDMG Header B field, e.g., EDMG-Header-B 216 (Fig. 2), may be configured, for example, to be used to transmit control information, for example, from an AP, e.g., device 102, to a STA, e.g., device 140, for example, in a DL MU MIMO mode. [00132] In other embodiments, the EDMG Header B field may be configured for any other type of transmission over any other channel bandwidth, channel bonding factor, and/or number of streams.

[00133] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to generate, transmit, receive and/or process an EDMG PPDU including an EDMG-Header-B, e.g., EDMG-Header-B 216 (Fig. 2), for example, according to an encoding and modulation method, which may be in compliance with a method legacy encoding method, e.g., for N_CB = J According to these embodiments, an encoding and modulation procedure for the EDMG Header B field may be legacy compatible and/or may allow simple implementation. [00134] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to generate, transmit, receive and/or process an EDMG MU PPDU including an EDMG-Header-B, e.g., EDMG-Header-B field 216 (Fig. 2), which may be encoded and/or modulated according to an EDMG Header B encoding and/or modulation scheme, e.g., as described below. [00135] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to generate, determine and/or define the EDMG-Header-B field, for example, for EDMG MU PPDU transmissions using an EDMG OFDM mode, for example, over first and second space-time streams, e.g., as described below.

[00136] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 may be configured to generate an EDMG MU PPDU addressed to a plurality of Stations (STAs), e.g., as described below.

[00137] In some demonstrative embodiments, the EDMG MU PPDU may include an EDMG Header B field, e.g., EDMG Header B field 216 (Fig. 2), corresponding to a respective STA of the plurality of STAs. [00138] In some demonstrative embodiments, the EDMG-Header B field may be encoded according to a number of space-time streams to be transmitted to the STA, e.g., as described below. [00139] In some demonstrative embodiments, the EDMG-Header B field may be modulated based on a number of one or more 2.16 Gigahertz (GHz) Channels, for example, over which the EDMG MU PPDU is to be transmitted, e.g., as described below. [00140] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 may be configured to transmit an OFDM transmission including the EDMG MU PPDU over a channel bandwidth including the one or more 2.16GHz channels, e.g., as described below.

[00141] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 140 may be configured to receive and process the EDMG MU PPDU. For example, device 140 may process a data field of the EDMG MU PPDU based on the EDMG Header B field corresponding to the wireless station implemented by device 140, e.g., as described below.

[00142] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control a wireless station implemented by device 102, e.g., an EDMG STA, to encode a sequence of EDMG Header B bits of an EDMG Header B field of an EDMG MU PPDU into a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codeword, e.g., as described below.

[00143] For example, device 102 may encode the sequence of EDMG Header B bits of EDMG Header B field 216 (Fig. 2) of the EDMG PPDU 200 (Fig. 2) into the LDPC codeword.

[00144] In some demonstrative embodiments, the EDMG MU PPDU may be addressed to a plurality of STAs, and the sequence of EDMG Header B bits may correspond to a STA of the plurality of STAs, for example, a STA implemented by device 140, e.g., as described below. [00145] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 to determine an encoded EDMG Header B field based on an encoded codeword, e.g., as described below.

[00146] In some demonstrative embodiments, the encoded codeword may include a concatenation of a plurality of encoded sequences, which are based on the LDPC codeword, e.g., as described below. [00147] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 to modulate the encoded EDMG Header B field into an encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field, e.g., as described below. [00148] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 to transmit an OFDM transmission of the EDMG MU PPDU over a channel bandwidth in a frequency band above 45GHz, e.g., as described below.

[00149] In some demonstrative embodiments, the OFDM transmission may include an OFDM symbol based on the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field, e.g., as described below.

[00150] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 to determine the encoded EDMG Header B field based on a count of one or more space- time streams to the STA to which the EDMG Header B corresponds, for example, the STA implemented by device 140, e.g., as described below.

[00151] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 to determine a first scrambled block for a first space-time stream to the STA to which the EDMG Header B corresponds, e.g., the STA implemented by device 140, and to determine a second scrambled block for a second space-time stream to the STA to which the EDMG Header B corresponds, e.g., as described below.

[00152] In some demonstrative embodiments, the first scrambled block may be based on the encoded codeword and a first sequence of bits in a sequence of scrambling bits, and the second scrambled block may based on the encoded codeword and a second sequence of bits, which are subsequent to the first sequence of bits, in the sequence of scrambling bits, e.g., as described below.

[00153] In other embodiments, the first scrambled block and/or the second scrambled block may be based on any other codeword and/or sequence of bits. [00154] In some demonstrative embodiments, the sequence of scrambling bits may be based on an initial seed value (11, 1₂, ... , 1₇), e.g., as described below. [00155] In other embodiments, the sequence of scrambling bits may be based on any other seed value.

[00156] In some demonstrative embodiments, the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field may be based on a count of one or more 2.16 GHz channels in the channel bandwidth for transmission of the EDMG MU PPDU, e.g., as described below.

[00157] For example, the one or more 2.16 GHz channels may include two or more 2.16GHz channels, e.g., as described below.

[00158] In some demonstrative embodiments, the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field may include a repetition of a modulated block based on a count of the two or more 2.16GHz channels, e.g., as described below.

[00159] For example, the modulated block may be based on the encoded codeword, e.g., as described below.

[00160] In other embodiments, the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field may be based on any other additional or alternative parameter.

[00161] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 may encode the sequence of EDMG Header B bits into the LDPC codeword, e.g., as described below.

[00162] In some demonstrative embodiments, the LDPC codeword may include a sequence of scrambled bits based on the EDMG Header B bits and a sequence of parity bits based on the sequence of scrambled bits, e.g., as described below.

[00163] For example, each of the plurality of encoded sequences may include the sequence of scrambled bits and a subset of the sequence of parity bits, e.g., as described below.

[00164] In some demonstrative embodiments, the plurality of encoded sequences may include a first encoded sequence, denoted c7, a second encoded sequence, denoted c2, and a third encoded sequence, denoted c3, e.g., as described below.

[00165] In other embodiments, any other number of encoded sequences may be used.

[00166] In some demonstrative embodiments, the first encoded sequence may include the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a first subset of the sequence of parity bits; the second encoded sequence may include the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a second subset of the sequence of parity bits, which is different from the first subset of the sequence of parity bits; and/or the third encoded sequence may include the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a third subset of the sequence of parity bits, which is different from the first and second subsets of the sequence of parity bits, e.g., as described below.

[00167] In some demonstrative embodiments, the LDPC codeword may include 64 scrambled bits denoted (bq_1} bq₂, ... ,bq₆₄) and 168 parity bits denoted (pi, p₂, ... ,pm)-

[00168] In some demonstrative embodiments, the encoded codeword may be defined as c=(ci, c₂,c₃), e.g., wherein: ci = (bqi, bq₂, bq₆₄, p<j, Pio, · · · , Pies)

c₂ = (bq^ bq₂, . . . , bq₆₄, pi, p₂, . . . , Ps4, P93, P94, · · · , Pies)

c₃ = (bqi, bq₂, . . . , bq₆₄, pi, p₂, . . . , pieo).

[00169] In other embodiments, cl, c2, and/or c3 may be defined to include any other sequences. [00170] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 to determine the LDPC codeword according to a scrambler initial seed value.

[00171] in some demonstrative embodiments, the sequence of EDMG Header B bits may include a plurality of bits to indicate the scrambler initial seed value, e.g., as described below.

[00172] In some demonstrative embodiments, the EDMG Header B field, e.g., EDMG Header B field 216 (Fig. 2), may be encoded, for example, based on one or more of the following definitions:

— Definitions: — Let b = (bi, b₂, . . . , b₆₄), where bi, b₂, . . . , b₆4 represent the input bits from the EDMG-Header-B;

— Let q = (Oi, 0₂, . . . , 0₇, Si, s₂, . . . , S57), where Si, s₂, . . . , S57 represent the first 57 bits at the output of a scrambler with initial seed value (bi, b₂, . . . , b₇);

— Let: (0j , 02, · · ·, Ο224 , $i , ^2 ' " ' ' ^448 )

where:

— Si, s₂, SN represent the output of the scrambler with initial seed value ( , 1₂, 1₇);

— isTS represents the space-time stream index number;

[00173] For example, the EDMG Header B field, e.g., EDMG Header B field 216 (Fig. 2), may be encoded, for example, based on one or more of the following operations:

— XOR each corresponding bit of vector b and vector q to generate vector bq;

— Given an LDPC codeword (bqi, bq₂, bq₆4, Oi, 0₂, 0₄₄o, Pi, p₂, · · · , pi₆₈) generated, for example, as defined in 20.3.8 of the IEEE 802.11-2016 Specification, generate c = (ci, c₂, c₃) as:

— ci = (bqi, bq₂, ... , bq₆₄, p Pio, · · · , Pies)

— c₂ = (bqi, bq₂, ... , bq₆₄, pi, p₂, ... , p₈₄, p₉₃, P94, · · · , Pies)

— c = (bqi, bq₂, ... , bq₆₄, pi, p₂, ... , pieo); and/or

— Generate one codeword, cs'^STS, for each space-time stream isrs belonging to a ST A addressed in the PPDU, e.g., a ST A implemented by device 140, by XORing each corresponding bit of vector c and vector s'^STS to generate cs^lSTS.

[00174] In other embodiments, any other additional or alternative encoding scheme and/or operations may be implemented to encode the EDMG Header B field.

[00175] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 to modulate the EDMG Header B field, for example, based on a modulation scheme, e.g., as described below.

[00176] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 to modulate the encoded EDMG Header B field according to a Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation with Static Tone Pairing (STP), e.g., as described below.

[00177] In other embodiments, device 102 may modulate the encoded EDMG Header B field according to any other modulation scheme, for example, Dual Carrier Modulation (DCM) QPSK, and/or any other modulation scheme.

[00178] For example, following encoding, the EDMG Header B field may be modulated, for example, based on one or more of the following operations:

— For single channel transmission, each 672-bit codeword cJ^STS is modulated using QPSK modulation, e.g., in compliance with Section 20.5.3.2.4.3 of the IEEE 802.11-2016 Specification, to the sequence (d₀ ^lSTS, di'^STS, d₃35 ^STS) which is assigned to the data subcarriers, e.g., by applying STP mapping.

— The STP mapping assigns (d₀ ^lSTS, di'^STS, di₆₇ ^iSTS) to the first half of OFDM signal spectrum and (di₆s^iSTS, di₆₉'^STS, d₃35^,STS) to the second half of the spectrum, e.g., in compliance with Section 20.5.3.2.4.6 of the IEEE 802.11-2016 Specification.

— For a PPDU transmitted over a N_CB ^x 2.16 GHz channel, where 1 < N_CB≤ 4, the resulting sequence for zsrs-th space-time stream may be defined as follows:

— D₃₃6(isTS, :) =

for NCB = 1

r 1 iSTS 1 iSTS 1 iSTS j iSTS j iSTS j iSTS JJ734 lSTS, ■) - L^a0: 167 , ¾): 167 , ¾):30 , Ol68:335 , Ol68:335 , Ol68: 198 J

r 1 iSTS 1 iSTS 1 iSTS j iSTS j iSTS j iSTS L>1134\}STS, ■) - L^a0: 167 , Οθ: 167 , ¾): 167 , Οθ:62 , Ol68:335 , Ol68:335 , d₁68:335ⁱ"^STS', dl68:23o'^{S S}] for NCB = 3

r 1 iSTS 1 iSTS 1 iSTS j iSTS j iSTS j iSTS JJl532 lSTS, ■) - L^a0: 167 , Οθ: 167 , Οθ: 167 , ¾): 167 , Οθ:93 , Ol68:335 , d iSTS iSTS 1 iSTS j iSTS p _

168:335 , Ol68:335 , Ol68:335 , Ol68:261 J ΙΟΓ 1 CB ^~ 4

wherein d_m:n' denotes an array of vector d ¹ elements starting from m (inclusive) and up to n (inclusive), and/or wherein ^~P( _STS, n = I, k) denotes a pilot sequence, for example, based on an is_Ts-th space-time stream number, an n-th OFDM symbol number, and/or a k-th subcarrier index. [00179] In some demonstrative embodiments, the EDMG Header B field may be modulated, for example, to a first OFDM symbol, n = \ .

[00180] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 to apply a same transmit waveform to the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field and to a data field of the EDMG MU PPDU, e.g., as described below.

[00181] For example, device 102 may apply the same transmit waveform to encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field 216 (Fig. 2) and to data field 218 (Fig. 2) of EDMG PPDU 200 (Fig. 2). [00182] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 to assign the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field to a first OFDM symbol index, and to assign the data field to OFDM symbol indexes after the first symbol index, e.g., as described below. [00183] In some demonstrative embodiments, an EDMG-Header-B transmit waveform in a time domain may be defined, for example, at an OFDM sampling rate F_s equal to NcB*2.64 GHz and/or a sample time duration T_s = \IF_S ns, e.g., as follows:

5 S ^ Header- B

wherein: —

denotes the total number of active tones

— N_STS denotes the total number of space-time streams

— Q_k denotes the spatial mapping matrix per k-t subcarrier

— [ 1 denotes a matrix element from w-th row and «-th column

— w[qT_s ) denotes window function which may be, for example, applied to smooth the transitions between consecutive OFDM symbols, for example, a definition of the window function may be implementation specific. [00184] In other embodiments, the EDMG-Header-B transmit waveform may be defined according to one or more additional or alternative parameters.

[00185] In other embodiments, any other additional or alternative modulation scheme and/or operations may be implemented to modulate the EDMG-Header-B field. [00186] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 154 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control a wireless station implemented by device 140, e.g., an EDMG STA, to receive from device 102 the OFDM transmission over a channel bandwidth including one or more 2.16GHz channels.

[00187] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 154 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 140 to decode the EDMG Header B field corresponding to the STA in the EDMG MU PPDU received in the OFDM transmission.

[00188] In some demonstrative embodiments, the EDMG MU PPDU may be addressed to a plurality of STAs, and the EDMG-Header B field may be encoded and modulated based on a count of space-time streams to the STA corresponding to the EDMG-Header B field, e.g., a STA implemented by device 140, and a count of the one or more 2.16 GHz Channels.

[00189] For example, device 140 may decode EDMG Header B field 216 (Fig. 2) corresponding to device 140 in EDMG PPDU 200 (Fig. 2). [00190] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 154 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 140 to process a data field of the EDMG MU PPDU based on the EDMG Header B field corresponding to the STA implemented by device 140.

[00191] For example, device 140 may process data field 218 (Fig. 2) based on EDMG Header B field 216 (Fig. 2) corresponding to device 140.

[00192] In some demonstrative embodiments, the EDMG Header B field may include a scrambler initial seed value, e.g., as described above.

[00193] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 154 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 140 to process the data field of the EDMG MU PPDU based on the scrambler initial seed value. [00194] For example, device 140 may process data field 218 (Fig. 2) based on the first seven bits of the EDMG Header B field.

[00195] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 154 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 140 to demodulate the EDMG Header B field according to a QPSK modulation with STP.

[00196] In other embodiments, device 140 may demodulate the EDMG Header B field according to any other demodulation scheme.

[00197] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 154 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 140 to decode the EDMG Header B field from a first OFDM symbol index, and to decode the data field from OFDM symbol indexes after the first symbol index.

[00198] Reference is made to Fig. 3, which schematically illustrates a method of communicating an EDMG MU PPDU with a Header B field, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. For example, one or more of the operations of the method of Fig. 3 may be performed by one or more elements of a system, e.g., system 100 (Fig. 1), for example, one or more wireless devices, e.g., device 102 (Fig. 1), and/or device 140 (Fig. 1), a controller, e.g., controller 124 (Fig. 1) and/or controller 154 (Fig. 1), a radio, e.g., radio 114 (Fig. 1) and/or radio 144 (Fig. 1), and/or a message processor, e.g., message processor 128 (Fig. 1) and/or message processor 158 (Fig. 1).

[00199] As indicated at block 302, the method may include encoding a sequence of EDMG Header B bits of an EDMG Header B field of an EDMG MU PPDU into an LDPC codeword. For example, controller 124 (Fig. 1) may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 (Fig. 1) to encode the sequence of EDMG Header B bits of the EDMG Header B field of the EDMG MU PPDU into the LDPC codeword, e.g., as described above.

[00200] In some demonstrative embodiments, the EDMG MU PPDU may be addressed to a plurality of STAs, and the sequence of EDMG Header B bits may correspond to a STA of the plurality of STAs, for example, a STA implemented by device 140 (Fig. 1), e.g., as described above.

[00201] As indicated at block 304, the method may include determining an encoded EDMG Header B field based on an encoded codeword, the encoded codeword including a concatenation of a plurality of encoded sequences, which are based on the LDPC codeword. For example, controller 124 (Fig. 1) may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 (Fig. 1) to determine the encoded EDMG Header B field based on the encoded codeword, e.g., as described above.

[00202] As indicated at block 306, the method may include modulating the encoded EDMG Header B field into an encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field. For example, controller 124 (Fig. 1) may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 (Fig. 1) to modulate the encoded EDMG Header B field into an encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field, e.g., as described above.

[00203] As indicated at block 308, the method may include transmitting an OFDM transmission of the EDMG MU PPDU over a channel bandwidth in a frequency band above 45GHz, the OFDM transmission including an OFDM symbol based on the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field. For example, controller 124 (Fig. 1) may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 (Fig. 1) to transmit the OFDM transmission of the EDMG MU PPDU over a channel bandwidth in a frequency band above 45GHz, e.g., as described above.

[00204] Reference is made to Fig. 4, which schematically illustrates a method of communicating an EDMG MU PPDU with a Header B field, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. For example, one or more of the operations of the method of Fig. 4 may be performed by one or more elements of a system, e.g., system 100 (Fig. 1), for example, one or more wireless devices, e.g., device 102 (Fig. 1), and/or device 140 (Fig. 1), a controller, e.g., controller 124 (Fig. 1) and/or controller 154 (Fig. 1), a radio, e.g., radio 114 (Fig. 1) and/or radio 144 (Fig. 1), and/or a message processor, e.g., message processor 128 (Fig. 1) and/or message processor 158 (Fig. 1).

[00205] As indicated at block 402, the method may include decoding at a STA an EDMG Header B field corresponding to the STA in an EDMG MU PPDU received in an OFDM transmission over a channel bandwidth including one or more 2.16GHz channels. For example, controller 154 (Fig. 1) may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control a wireless station implemented by device 140 (Fig. 1) to decode the EDMG Header B field corresponding to device 140 (Fig. 1) in the EDMG MU PPDU received in the OFDM transmission over a channel bandwidth including one or more 2.16GHz channels, e.g., as described above.

[00206] In some demonstrative embodiments, the EDMG MU PPDU may be addressed to a plurality of STAs, and the EDMG Header B field may be encoded and modulated based on a count of space-time streams to the STA corresponding to the EDMG Header B field, e.g., the STA implemented by device 140 (Fig. 1), and a count of the one or more 2.16 GHz channels, e.g., as described above.

[00207] As indicated at block 404, the method may include processing a data field of the EDMG MU PPDU based on the EDMG Header B field corresponding to the STA. For example, controller 154 (Fig. 1) may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 140 (Fig. 1) to process the data field of the EDMG MU PPDU based on the EDMG Header B field 216 (Fig. 2) corresponding to device 140 (Fig. 1), e.g., as described above. [00208] Reference is made to Fig. 5, which schematically illustrates a product of manufacture 500, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. Product 500 may include one or more tangible computer-readable ("machine-readable") non- transitory storage media 502, which may include computer-executable instructions, e.g., implemented by logic 504, operable to, when executed by at least one computer processor, enable the at least one computer processor to implement one or more operations at device 102 (Fig. 1), device 140 (Fig. 1), radio 114 (Fig. 1), radio 144 (Fig. 1), transmitter 118 (Fig. 1), transmitter 148 (Fig. 1), receiver 116 (Fig. 1), receiver 146 (Fig. 1), controller 124 (Fig. 1), and/or controller 154 (Fig. 1), to cause device 102 (Fig. 1), device 140 (Fig. 1), radio 114 (Fig. 1), radio 144 (Fig. 1), transmitter 118 (Fig. 1), transmitter 148 (Fig. 1), receiver 116 (Fig. 1), receiver 146 (Fig. 1), controller 124 (Fig. 1), and/or controller 154 (Fig. 1) to perform, trigger and/or implement one or more operations and/or functionalities, and/or to perform, trigger and/or implement one or more operations and/or functionalities described with reference to the Figs. 1, 2, 3, and/or 4, and/or one or more operations described herein. The phrases "non-transitory machine-readable medium" and "computer- readable non-transitory storage media" may be directed to include all computer- readable media, with the sole exception being a transitory propagating signal. [00209] In some demonstrative embodiments, product 500 and/or machine readable storage media 502 may include one or more types of computer-readable storage media capable of storing data, including volatile memory, non-volatile memory, removable or non-removable memory, erasable or non-erasable memory, writeable or re- writeable memory, and the like. For example, machine readable storage media 502 may include, RAM, DRAM, Double-Data-Rate DRAM (DDR-DRAM), SDRAM, static RAM (SRAM), ROM, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), Compact Disk ROM (CD-ROM), Compact Disk Recordable (CD-R), Compact Disk Rewriteable (CD-RW), flash memory (e.g., NOR or NAND flash memory), content addressable memory (CAM), polymer memory, phase-change memory, ferroelectric memory, silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (SONOS) memory, a disk, a floppy disk, a hard drive, an optical disk, a magnetic disk, a card, a magnetic card, an optical card, a tape, a cassette, and the like. The computer-readable storage media may include any suitable media involved with downloading or transferring a computer program from a remote computer to a requesting computer carried by data signals embodied in a carrier wave or other propagation medium through a communication link, e.g., a modem, radio or network connection.

[00210] In some demonstrative embodiments, logic 504 may include instructions, data, and/or code, which, if executed by a machine, may cause the machine to perform a method, process and/or operations as described herein. The machine may include, for example, any suitable processing platform, computing platform, computing device, processing device, computing system, processing system, computer, processor, or the like, and may be implemented using any suitable combination of hardware, software, firmware, and the like.

[00211] In some demonstrative embodiments, logic 504 may include, or may be implemented as, software, a software module, an application, a program, a subroutine, instructions, an instruction set, computing code, words, values, symbols, and the like. The instructions may include any suitable type of code, such as source code, compiled code, interpreted code, executable code, static code, dynamic code, and the like. The instructions may be implemented according to a predefined computer language, manner or syntax, for instructing a processor to perform a certain function. The instructions may be implemented using any suitable high-level, low-level, object- oriented, visual, compiled and/or interpreted programming language, such as C, C++, Java, BASIC, Matlab, Pascal, Visual BASIC, assembly language, machine code, and the like.

EXAMPLES

[00212] The following examples pertain to further embodiments.

[00213] Example 1 includes an apparatus comprising logic and circuitry configured to cause an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communication station (STA) to encode a sequence of EDMG Header B bits of an EDMG Header B field of an EDMG Multi-User (MU) Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) into a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codeword, the EDMG MU PPDU addressed to a plurality of Stations (STAs), the sequence of EDMG Header B bits corresponding to a STA of the plurality of STAs; determine an encoded EDMG Header B field based on an encoded codeword, the encoded codeword comprises a concatenation of a plurality of encoded sequences, which are based on the LDPC codeword; modulate the encoded EDMG Header B field into an encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field; and transmit an Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transmission of the EDMG MU PPDU over a channel bandwidth in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz), the OFDM transmission comprising an OFDM symbol based on the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field.

[00214] Example 2 includes the subject matter of Example 1, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the EDMG STA to determine the encoded EDMG Header B field based on a count of one or more space-time streams to the STA.

[00215] Example 3 includes the subject matter of Example 2, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the EDMG STA to determine a first scrambled block for a first space-time stream to the STA, and to determine a second scrambled block for a second space-time stream to the STA, the first scrambled block is based on the encoded codeword and a first sequence of bits in a sequence of scrambling bits, the second scrambled block is based on the encoded codeword and a second sequence of bits, which are subsequent to the first sequence of bits, in the sequence of scrambling bits.

[00216] Example 4 includes the subject matter of Example 3, and optionally, wherein the sequence of scrambling bits is based on an initial seed value ( , 1₂, ... , 1₇). [00217] Example 5 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-4, and optionally, wherein the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field is based on a count of one or more 2.16 GHz channels in the channel bandwidth for transmission of the EDMG MU PPDU.

[00218] Example 6 includes the subject matter of Example 5, and optionally, wherein the one or more 2.16 GHz channels comprise two or more 2.16GHz channels, the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field comprises a repetition of a modulated block based on a count of the two or more 2.16GHz channels, the modulated block is based on the encoded codeword.

[00219] Example 7 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-6, and optionally, wherein the LDPC codeword comprises a sequence of scrambled bits based on the EDMG Header B bits, and a sequence of parity bits based on the sequence of scrambled bits, each of the plurality of encoded sequences comprising the sequence of scrambled bits and a subset of the sequence of parity bits.

[00220] Example 8 includes the subject matter of Example 7, and optionally, wherein the plurality of encoded sequences comprises a first encoded sequence, a second encoded sequence, and a third encoded sequence.

[00221] Example 9 includes the subject matter of Example 8, and optionally, wherein the first encoded sequence comprises the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a first subset of the sequence of parity bits, the second encoded sequence comprises the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a second subset of the sequence of parity bits, which is different from the first subset of the sequence of parity bits, and the third encoded sequence comprises the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a third subset of the sequence of parity bits, which is different from the first and second subsets of the sequence of parity bits. [00222] Example 10 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-9, and optionally, wherein the LDPC codeword comprises 64 scrambled bits denoted (bq_1} bq₂, bq₆₄) and 168 parity bits denoted (pi, ρ₂, pm), and the encoded codeword is c=(c], c₂, C3), wherein: ci = (bqi, bq₂, ... , bq₆₄, p<j, P10, · · · , Pies)

c₂ = (bq^ bq₂, ... , bq₆₄, pi, p₂, ... , Ps4, P93, P94, · · · , Pies)

c₃ = (bqi, bq₂, ... , bq₆₄, pi, p₂, ... , pieo).

[00223] Example 11 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-10, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the EDMG STA to determine the LDPC codeword according to a scrambler initial seed value, the sequence of EDMG Header B bits comprising a plurality of bits to indicate the scrambler initial seed value.

[00224] Example 12 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-11, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the EDMG STA to modulate the encoded EDMG Header B field according to a Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation with Static Tone Pairing (STP). [00225] Example 13 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-12, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the EDMG STA to apply a same transmit waveform to the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field and to a data field of the EDMG MU PPDU.

[00226] Example 14 includes the subject matter of Example 13, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the EDMG STA to assign the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field to a first OFDM symbol index, and to assign the data field to OFDM symbol indexes after the first symbol index.

[00227] Example 15 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-14, and optionally, wherein the channel bandwidth is 2.16GHz, 4.32GHz, 6.48GHz, or 8.64GHz.

[00228] Example 16 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-15, and optionally, comprising a radio.

[00229] Example 17 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-16, and optionally, comprising one or more antennas. [00230] Example 18 includes a system of wireless communication comprising an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communication station (STA), the EDMG STA comprising one or more antennas; a memory; a radio; a processor; and a controller configured to cause the EDMG STA to encode a sequence of EDMG Header B bits of an EDMG Header B field of an EDMG Multi-User (MU) Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) into a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codeword, the EDMG MU PPDU addressed to a plurality of Stations (STAs), the sequence of EDMG Header B bits corresponding to a STA of the plurality of STAs; determine an encoded EDMG Header B field based on an encoded codeword, the encoded codeword comprises a concatenation of a plurality of encoded sequences, which are based on the LDPC codeword; modulate the encoded EDMG Header B field into an encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field; and transmit an Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transmission of the EDMG MU PPDU over a channel bandwidth in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz), the OFDM transmission comprising an OFDM symbol based on the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field. [00231] Example 19 includes the subject matter of Example 18, and optionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the EDMG STA to determine the encoded EDMG Header B field based on a count of one or more space-time streams to the STA.

[00232] Example 20 includes the subject matter of Example 19, and optionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the EDMG STA to determine a first scrambled block for a first space-time stream to the STA, and to determine a second scrambled block for a second space-time stream to the STA, the first scrambled block is based on the encoded codeword and a first sequence of bits in a sequence of scrambling bits, the second scrambled block is based on the encoded codeword and a second sequence of bits, which are subsequent to the first sequence of bits, in the sequence of scrambling bits.

[00233] Example 21 includes the subject matter of Example 20, and optionally, wherein the sequence of scrambling bits is based on an initial seed value ( , 1₂, IT).

[00234] Example 22 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 18-21, and optionally, wherein the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field is based on a count of one or more 2.16 GHz channels in the channel bandwidth for transmission of the EDMG MU PPDU.

[00235] Example 23 includes the subject matter of Example 22, and optionally, wherein the one or more 2.16 GHz channels comprise two or more 2.16GHz channels, the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field comprises a repetition of a modulated block based on a count of the two or more 2.16GHz channels, the modulated block is based on the encoded codeword.

[00236] Example 24 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 18-23, and optionally, wherein the LDPC codeword comprises a sequence of scrambled bits based on the EDMG Header B bits, and a sequence of parity bits based on the sequence of scrambled bits, each of the plurality of encoded sequences comprising the sequence of scrambled bits and a subset of the sequence of parity bits.

[00237] Example 25 includes the subject matter of Example 24, and optionally, wherein the plurality of encoded sequences comprises a first encoded sequence, a second encoded sequence, and a third encoded sequence.

[00238] Example 26 includes the subject matter of Example 25, and optionally, wherein the first encoded sequence comprises the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a first subset of the sequence of parity bits, the second encoded sequence comprises the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a second subset of the sequence of parity bits, which is different from the first subset of the sequence of parity bits, and the third encoded sequence comprises the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a third subset of the sequence of parity bits, which is different from the first and second subsets of the sequence of parity bits.

[00239] Example 27 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 18-26, and optionally, wherein the LDPC codeword comprises 64 scrambled bits denoted (bq_1} bq₂, bq₆₄) and 168 parity bits denoted (pi, p₂, pm), and the encoded codeword is c=(c], c₂, c₃), wherein:

(bqi, bq₂ , bq₆4, P9, Pio, · · · , Pl6₈)

(bqi, bq₂ , bq₆4, Pi, p₂, · · · , p₈4, P93, P94, · · · , Pl6₈)

(bqi, bq₂ , bq₆₄, pi, p₂, . . . , pi6o).

[00240] Example 28 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 18-27, and optionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the EDMG STA to determine the LDPC codeword according to a scrambler initial seed value, the sequence of EDMG Header B bits comprising a plurality of bits to indicate the scrambler initial seed value.

[00241] Example 29 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 18-28, and optionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the EDMG STA to modulate the encoded EDMG Header B field according to a Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation with Static Tone Pairing (STP).

[00242] Example 30 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 18-29, and optionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the EDMG STA to apply a same transmit waveform to the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field and to a data field of the EDMG MU PPDU.

[00243] Example 31 includes the subject matter of Example 30, and optionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the EDMG STA to assign the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field to a first OFDM symbol index, and to assign the data field to OFDM symbol indexes after the first symbol index.

[00244] Example 32 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 18-31, and optionally, wherein the channel bandwidth is 2.16GHz, 4.32GHz, 6.48GHz, or 8.64GHz.

[00245] Example 33 includes a method to be performed at an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communication station (STA), the method comprising encoding a sequence of EDMG Header B bits of an EDMG Header B field of an EDMG Multi-User (MU) Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) into a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codeword, the EDMG MU PPDU addressed to a plurality of Stations (STAs), the sequence of EDMG Header B bits corresponding to a STA of the plurality of STAs; determining an encoded EDMG Header B field based on an encoded codeword, the encoded codeword comprises a concatenation of a plurality of encoded sequences, which are based on the LDPC codeword; modulating the encoded EDMG Header B field into an encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field; and transmitting an Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transmission of the EDMG MU PPDU over a channel bandwidth in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz), the OFDM transmission comprising an OFDM symbol based on the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field. [00246] Example 34 includes the subject matter of Example 33, and optionally, comprising determining the encoded EDMG Header B field based on a count of one or more space-time streams to the STA.

[00247] Example 35 includes the subject matter of Example 34, and optionally, comprising determining a first scrambled block for a first space-time stream to the STA, and determining a second scrambled block for a second space-time stream to the STA, the first scrambled block is based on the encoded codeword and a first sequence of bits in a sequence of scrambling bits, the second scrambled block is based on the encoded codeword and a second sequence of bits, which are subsequent to the first sequence of bits, in the sequence of scrambling bits.

[00248] Example 36 includes the subject matter of Example 35, and optionally, wherein the sequence of scrambling bits is based on an initial seed value ( , 1₂, IT).

[00249] Example 37 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 33-36, and optionally, wherein the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field is based on a count of one or more 2.16 GHz channels in the channel bandwidth for transmission of the EDMG MU PPDU.

[00250] Example 38 includes the subject matter of Example 37, and optionally, wherein the one or more 2.16 GHz channels comprise two or more 2.16GHz channels, the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field comprises a repetition of a modulated block based on a count of the two or more 2.16GHz channels, the modulated block is based on the encoded codeword.

[00251] Example 39 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 33-38, and optionally, wherein the LDPC codeword comprises a sequence of scrambled bits based on the EDMG Header B bits, and a sequence of parity bits based on the sequence of scrambled bits, each of the plurality of encoded sequences comprising the sequence of scrambled bits and a subset of the sequence of parity bits.

[00252] Example 40 includes the subject matter of Example 39, and optionally, wherein the plurality of encoded sequences comprises a first encoded sequence, a second encoded sequence, and a third encoded sequence.

[00253] Example 41 includes the subject matter of Example 40, and optionally, wherein the first encoded sequence comprises the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a first subset of the sequence of parity bits, the second encoded sequence comprises the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a second subset of the sequence of parity bits, which is different from the first subset of the sequence of parity bits, and the third encoded sequence comprises the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a third subset of the sequence of parity bits, which is different from the first and second subsets of the sequence of parity bits.

[00254] Example 42 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 33-41, and optionally, wherein the LDPC codeword comprises 64 scrambled bits denoted (bq_1} bq₂, bq₆₄) and 168 parity bits denoted (pi, p₂, pm), and the encoded codeword is c=(c], c₂, c₃), wherein: ci = (bqi, bq₂, . . . , bq₆₄, p<j, Pio, · · · , Pies)

c₃ = (bqi, bq₂, . . . , bq₆₄, pi, p₂, . . . , pieo).

[00255] Example 43 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 33-42, and optionally, comprising determining the LDPC codeword according to a scrambler initial seed value, the sequence of EDMG Header B bits comprising a plurality of bits to indicate the scrambler initial seed value.

[00256] Example 44 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 33-43, and optionally, comprising modulating the encoded EDMG Header B field according to a Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation with Static Tone Pairing (STP).

[00257] Example 45 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 33-44, and optionally, comprising applying a same transmit waveform to the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field and to a data field of the EDMG MU PPDU.

[00258] Example 46 includes the subject matter of Example 45, and optionally, comprising assigning the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field to a first OFDM symbol index, and assigning the data field to OFDM symbol indexes after the first symbol index.

[00259] Example 47 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 33-46, and optionally, wherein the channel bandwidth is 2.16GHz, 4.32GHz, 6.48GHz, or 8.64GHz. [00260] Example 48 includes a product comprising one or more tangible computer- readable non-transitory storage media comprising computer-executable instructions operable to, when executed by at least one processor, enable the at least one processor to cause an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communication station (STA) to encode a sequence of EDMG Header B bits of an EDMG Header B field of an EDMG Multi-User (MU) Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) into a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codeword, the EDMG MU addressed to a plurality of Stations (STAs), the sequence of EDMG Header B bits corresponding to a STA of the plurality of STAs; determine an encoded EDMG Header B field based on an encoded codeword, the encoded codeword comprises a concatenation of a plurality of encoded sequences, which are based on the LDPC codeword; modulate the encoded EDMG Header B field into an encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field; and transmit an Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transmission of the EDMG MU PPDU over a channel bandwidth in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz), the OFDM transmission comprising an OFDM symbol based on the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field.

[00261] Example 49 includes the subject matter of Example 48, and optionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the EDMG STA to determine the encoded EDMG Header B field based on a count of one or more space-time streams to the STA.

[00262] Example 50 includes the subject matter of Example 49, and optionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the EDMG STA to determine a first scrambled block for a first space-time stream to the STA, and to determine a second scrambled block for a second space-time stream to the STA, the first scrambled block is based on the encoded codeword and a first sequence of bits in a sequence of scrambling bits, the second scrambled block is based on the encoded codeword and a second sequence of bits, which are subsequent to the first sequence of bits, in the sequence of scrambling bits. [00263] Example 51 includes the subject matter of Example 50, and optionally, wherein the sequence of scrambling bits is based on an initial seed value ( , 1₂,

IT). [00264] Example 52 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 48-51, and optionally, wherein the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field is based on a count of one or more 2.16 GHz channels in the channel bandwidth for transmission of the EDMG MU PPDU. [00265] Example 53 includes the subject matter of Example 52, and optionally, wherein the one or more 2.16 GHz channels comprise two or more 2.16GHz channels, the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field comprises a repetition of a modulated block based on a count of the two or more 2.16GHz channels, the modulated block is based on the encoded codeword. [00266] Example 54 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 48-53, and optionally, wherein the LDPC codeword comprises a sequence of scrambled bits based on the EDMG Header B bits, and a sequence of parity bits based on the sequence of scrambled bits, each of the plurality of encoded sequences comprising the sequence of scrambled bits and a subset of the sequence of parity bits. [00267] Example 55 includes the subject matter of Example 54, and optionally, wherein the plurality of encoded sequences comprises a first encoded sequence, a second encoded sequence, and a third encoded sequence.

[00268] Example 56 includes the subject matter of Example 55, and optionally, wherein the first encoded sequence comprises the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a first subset of the sequence of parity bits, the second encoded sequence comprises the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a second subset of the sequence of parity bits, which is different from the first subset of the sequence of parity bits, and the third encoded sequence comprises the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a third subset of the sequence of parity bits, which is different from the first and second subsets of the sequence of parity bits.

[00269] Example 57 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 48-56, and optionally, wherein the LDPC codeword comprises 64 scrambled bits denoted (bq_1} bq₂, bq₆₄) and 168 parity bits denoted (pi, p₂, pm), and the encoded codeword is c=(c], c₂, c₃), wherein: ci = (bqi, bq₂, . . . , bq₆₄, p<j, Pio, · · · , Pies)

c₃ = (bqi, bq₂, . . . , bq₆₄, pi, p₂, . . . , pieo). [00270] Example 58 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 48-57, and optionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the EDMG STA to determine the LDPC codeword according to a scrambler initial seed value, the sequence of EDMG Header B bits comprising a plurality of bits to indicate the scrambler initial seed value.

[00271] Example 59 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 48-58, and optionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the EDMG STA to modulate the encoded EDMG Header B field according to a Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation with Static Tone Pairing (STP). [00272] Example 60 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 48-59, and optionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the EDMG STA to apply a same transmit waveform to the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field and to a data field of the EDMG MU PPDU.

[00273] Example 61 includes the subject matter of Example 60, and optionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the EDMG STA to assign the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field to a first OFDM symbol index, and to assign the data field to OFDM symbol indexes after the first symbol index.

[00274] Example 62 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 48-61, and optionally, wherein the channel bandwidth is 2.16GHz, 4.32GHz, 6.48GHz, or 8.64GHz.

[00275] Example 63 includes an apparatus of wireless communication by an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communication station (STA), the apparatus comprising means for encoding a sequence of EDMG Header B bits of an EDMG Header B field of an EDMG Multi-User (MU) Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) into a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codeword, the EDMG MU PPDU addressed to a plurality of Stations (STAs), the sequence of EDMG Header B bits corresponding to a STA of the plurality of STAs; means for determining an encoded EDMG Header B field based on an encoded codeword, the encoded codeword comprises a concatenation of a plurality of encoded sequences, which are based on the LDPC codeword; means for modulating the encoded EDMG Header B field into an encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field; and means for transmitting an Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transmission of the EDMG MU PPDU over a channel bandwidth in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz), the OFDM transmission comprising an OFDM symbol based on the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field.

[00276] Example 64 includes the subject matter of Example 63, and optionally, comprising means for determining the encoded EDMG Header B field based on a count of one or more space-time streams to the STA.

[00277] Example 65 includes the subject matter of Example 64, and optionally, comprising means for determining a first scrambled block for a first space-time stream to the STA, and determining a second scrambled block for a second space-time stream to the STA, the first scrambled block is based on the encoded codeword and a first sequence of bits in a sequence of scrambling bits, the second scrambled block is based on the encoded codeword and a second sequence of bits, which are subsequent to the first sequence of bits, in the sequence of scrambling bits.

[00278] Example 66 includes the subject matter of Example 65, and optionally, wherein the sequence of scrambling bits is based on an initial seed value ( , 1₂,

IT).

[00279] Example 67 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 63-66, and optionally, wherein the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field is based on a count of one or more 2.16 GHz channels in the channel bandwidth for transmission of the EDMG MU PPDU.

[00280] Example 68 includes the subject matter of Example 67, and optionally, wherein the one or more 2.16 GHz channels comprise two or more 2.16GHz channels, the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field comprises a repetition of a modulated block based on a count of the two or more 2.16GHz channels, the modulated block is based on the encoded codeword.

[00281] Example 69 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 63-68, and optionally, wherein the LDPC codeword comprises a sequence of scrambled bits based on the EDMG Header B bits, and a sequence of parity bits based on the sequence of scrambled bits, each of the plurality of encoded sequences comprising the sequence of scrambled bits and a subset of the sequence of parity bits. [00282] Example 70 includes the subject matter of Example 69, and optionally, wherein the plurality of encoded sequences comprises a first encoded sequence, a second encoded sequence, and a third encoded sequence.

[00283] Example 71 includes the subject matter of Example 70, and optionally, wherein the first encoded sequence comprises the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a first subset of the sequence of parity bits, the second encoded sequence comprises the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a second subset of the sequence of parity bits, which is different from the first subset of the sequence of parity bits, and the third encoded sequence comprises the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a third subset of the sequence of parity bits, which is different from the first and second subsets of the sequence of parity bits.

[00284] Example 72 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 63-71, and optionally, wherein the LDPC codeword comprises 64 scrambled bits denoted (bq_1} bq₂, bq₆₄) and 168 parity bits denoted (pi, p₂, pm), and the encoded codeword is c=(c], c₂, c₃), wherein: ci = (bqi, bq₂, . . . , bq₆₄, p<j, Pio, · · · , Pies)

c₃ = (bqi, bq₂, . . . , bq₆₄, pi, p₂, . . . , pieo).

[00285] Example 73 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 63-72, and optionally, comprising means for determining the LDPC codeword according to a scrambler initial seed value, the sequence of EDMG Header B bits comprising a plurality of bits to indicate the scrambler initial seed value.

[00286] Example 74 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 63-73, and optionally, comprising means for modulating the encoded EDMG Header B field according to a Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation with Static Tone Pairing (STP).

[00287] Example 75 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 63-74, and optionally, comprising means for applying a same transmit waveform to the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field and to a data field of the EDMG MU PPDU. [00288] Example 76 includes the subject matter of Example 75, and optionally, comprising means for assigning the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field to a first OFDM symbol index, and assigning the data field to OFDM symbol indexes after the first symbol index.

[00289] Example 77 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 63-76, and optionally, wherein the channel bandwidth is 2.16GHz, 4.32GHz, 6.48GHz, or 8.64GHz.

[00290] Example 78 includes an apparatus comprising logic and circuitry configured to cause an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communication station (STA) to decode an EDMG Header B field corresponding to the STA in an EDMG Multi-User (MU) Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) received in an Orthogonal Frequency -Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transmission over a channel bandwidth including one or more 2.16GHz channels, the EDMG MU PPDU addressed to a plurality of STAs, the EDMG-Header B field is encoded and modulated based on a count of space-time streams to the STA and a count of the one or more 2.16 GHz channels; and process a data field of the EDMG MU PPDU based on the EDMG Header B field corresponding to the STA.

[00291] Example 79 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 78, and optionally, wherein the EDMG Header B field comprises a scrambler initial seed value, the apparatus configured to cause the EDMG STA to process the data field of the EDMG MU PPDU based on the scrambler initial seed value. [00292] Example 80 includes the subject matter of Example 78 or 79, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the EDMG STA to demodulate the EDMG Header B field according to a Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation with Static Tone Pairing (STP).

[00293] Example 81 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 78-80, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the EDMG STA to decode the EDMG Header B field from a first OFDM symbol index, and to decode the data field from OFDM symbol indexes after the first symbol index.

[00294] Example 82 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 78-81, and optionally, wherein the channel bandwidth is 2.16GHz, 4.32GHz, 6.48GHz, or 8.64GHz.

[00295] Example 83 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 78-82, and optionally, comprising a radio. [00296] Example 84 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 78-83, and optionally, comprising one or more antennas.

[00297] Example 85 includes a system of wireless communication comprising an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communication station (STA), the EDMG STA comprising one or more antennas; a memory; a radio; a processor; and a controller configured to cause the EDMG STA to decode an EDMG Header B field corresponding to the STA in an EDMG Multi-User (MU) Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) received in an Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transmission over a channel bandwidth including one or more 2.16GHz channels, the EDMG MU PPDU addressed to a plurality of STAs, the EDMG-Header B field is encoded and modulated based on a count of space-time streams to the STA and a count of the one or more 2.16 GHz channels; and process a data field of the EDMG MU PPDU based on the EDMG Header B field corresponding to the STA. [00298] Example 86 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 85, and optionally, wherein the EDMG Header B field comprises a scrambler initial seed value, the controller configured to cause the EDMG STA to process the data field of the EDMG MU PPDU based on the scrambler initial seed value.

[00299] Example 87 includes the subject matter of Example 85 or 86, and optionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the EDMG STA to demodulate the EDMG Header B field according to a Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation with Static Tone Pairing (STP).

[00300] Example 88 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 85-87, and optionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the EDMG STA to decode the EDMG Header B field from a first OFDM symbol index, and to decode the data field from OFDM symbol indexes after the first symbol index.

[00301] Example 89 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 85-88, and optionally, wherein the channel bandwidth is 2.16GHz, 4.32GHz, 6.48GHz, or 8.64GHz. [00302] Example 90 includes a method to be performed at an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communication station (STA), the method comprising decoding an EDMG Header B field corresponding to the STA in an EDMG Multi-User (MU) Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) received in an Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transmission over a channel bandwidth including one or more 2.16GHz channels, the EDMG MU PPDU addressed to a plurality of STAs, the EDMG-Header B field is encoded and modulated based on a count of space-time streams to the STA and a count of the one or more 2.16 GHz channels; and processing a data field of the EDMG MU PPDU based on the EDMG Header B field corresponding to the STA.

[00303] Example 91 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 90, and optionally, wherein the EDMG Header B field comprises a scrambler initial seed value, the method comprising processing the data field of the EDMG MU PPDU based on the scrambler initial seed value.

[00304] Example 92 includes the subject matter of Example 90 or 91, and optionally, comprising demodulating the EDMG Header B field according to a Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation with Static Tone Pairing (STP). [00305] Example 93 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 90-92, and optionally, comprising decoding the EDMG Header B field from a first OFDM symbol index, and decoding the data field from OFDM symbol indexes after the first symbol index.

[00306] Example 94 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 90-93, and optionally, wherein the channel bandwidth is 2.16GHz, 4.32GHz, 6.48GHz, or 8.64GHz.

[00307] Example 95 includes a product comprising one or more tangible computer- readable non-transitory storage media comprising computer-executable instructions operable to, when executed by at least one processor, enable the at least one processor to cause an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communication station (STA) to decode an EDMG Header B field corresponding to the STA in an EDMG Multi-User (MU) Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) received in an Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transmission over a channel bandwidth including one or more 2.16GHz channels, the EDMG MU PPDU addressed to a plurality of STAs, the EDMG-Header B field is encoded and modulated based on a count of space-time streams to the STA and a count of the one or more 2.16 GHz channels; and process a data field of the EDMG MU PPDU based on the EDMG Header B field corresponding to the STA.

[00308] Example 96 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 95, and optionally, wherein the EDMG Header B field comprises a scrambler initial seed value, the instructions, when executed, cause the EDMG STA to process the data field of the EDMG MU PPDU based on the scrambler initial seed value.

[00309] Example 97 includes the subject matter of Example 95 or 96, and optionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the EDMG STA to demodulate the EDMG Header B field according to a Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation with Static Tone Pairing (STP).

[00310] Example 98 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 95-97, and optionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the EDMG STA to decode the EDMG Header B field from a first OFDM symbol index, and to decode the data field from OFDM symbol indexes after the first symbol index. [00311] Example 99 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 95-98, and optionally, wherein the channel bandwidth is 2.16GHz, 4.32GHz, 6.48GHz, or 8.64GHz.

[00312] Example 100 includes an apparatus of wireless communication by an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communication station (STA), the apparatus comprising means for decoding an EDMG Header B field corresponding to the STA in an EDMG Multi-User (MU) Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) received in an Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transmission over a channel bandwidth including one or more 2.16GHz channels, the EDMG MU PPDU addressed to a plurality of STAs, the EDMG-Header B field is encoded and modulated based on a count of space-time streams to the STA and a count of the one or more 2.16 GHz channels; and means for processing a data field of the EDMG MU PPDU based on the EDMG Header B field corresponding to the STA.

[00313] Example 101 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 100, and optionally, wherein the EDMG Header B field comprises a scrambler initial seed value, the apparatus comprising means for processing the data field of the EDMG MU PPDU based on the scrambler initial seed value. [00314] Example 102 includes the subject matter of Example 100 or 101, and optionally, comprising means for demodulating the EDMG Header B field according to a Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation with Static Tone Pairing (STP). [00315] Example 103 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 100-102, and optionally, comprising means for decoding the EDMG Header B field from a first OFDM symbol index, and decoding the data field from OFDM symbol indexes after the first symbol index.

[00316] Example 104 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 100-103, and optionally, wherein the channel bandwidth is 2.16GHz, 4.32GHz, 6.48GHz, or 8.64GHz.

[00317] Functions, operations, components and/or features described herein with reference to one or more embodiments, may be combined with, or may be utilized in combination with, one or more other functions, operations, components and/or features described herein with reference to one or more other embodiments, or vice versa.

[00318] While certain features have been illustrated and described herein, many modifications, substitutions, changes, and equivalents may occur to those skilled in the art. It is, therefore, to be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications and changes as fall within the true spirit of the disclosure.

Claims

CLAIMS What is claimed is:

1. An apparatus comprising logic and circuitry configured to cause an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communication station

(STA) to:

encode a sequence of EDMG Header B bits of an EDMG Header B field of an EDMG Multi-User (MU) Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) into a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codeword, the EDMG MU PPDU addressed to a plurality of Stations (STAs), the sequence of EDMG Header B bits corresponding to a STA of the plurality of STAs;

determine an encoded EDMG Header B field based on an encoded codeword, the encoded codeword comprises a concatenation of a plurality of encoded sequences, which are based on the LDPC codeword;

modulate the encoded EDMG Header B field into an encoded and modulated

EDMG Header B field; and

transmit an Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transmission of the EDMG MU PPDU over a channel bandwidth in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz), the OFDM transmission comprising an OFDM symbol based on the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 configured to cause the EDMG STA to determine the encoded EDMG Header B field based on a count of one or more space-time streams to the STA.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 configured to cause the EDMG STA to determine a first scrambled block for a first space-time stream to the STA, and to determine a second scrambled block for a second space-time stream to the STA, the first scrambled block is based on the encoded codeword and a first sequence of bits in a sequence of scrambling bits, the second scrambled block is based on the encoded codeword and a second sequence of bits, which are subsequent to the first sequence of bits, in the sequence of scrambling bits.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the sequence of scrambling bits is based on an initial seed value (11, 1₂, ... , 1₇).

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field is based on a count of one or more 2.16 GHz channels in the channel bandwidth for transmission of the EDMG MU PPDU.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the one or more 2.16 GHz channels comprise two or more 2.16GHz channels, the encoded and modulated EDMG Header

B field comprises a repetition of a modulated block based on a count of the two or more 2.16GHz channels, the modulated block is based on the encoded codeword.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the LDPC codeword comprises a sequence of scrambled bits based on the EDMG Header B bits, and a sequence of parity bits based on the sequence of scrambled bits, each of the plurality of encoded sequences comprising the sequence of scrambled bits and a subset of the sequence of parity bits.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the plurality of encoded sequences comprises a first encoded sequence, a second encoded sequence, and a third encoded sequence.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first encoded sequence comprises the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a first subset of the sequence of parity bits, the second encoded sequence comprises the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a second subset of the sequence of parity bits, which is different from the first subset of the sequence of parity bits, and the third encoded sequence comprises the sequence of scrambled bits followed by a third subset of the sequence of parity bits, which is different from the first and second subsets of the sequence of parity bits.

10. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 -9, wherein the LDPC codeword comprises 64 scrambled bits denoted (bq_1} bq₂, ... ,bq₆₄) and 168 parity bits denoted (Pi, P2,—, i6s), and the encoded codeword is c=(c_1} c₂,c₃), wherein:

ci = (bqi, bq₂, . . . , bq₆₄, p<j, Pio, · · · , Pies)

c₃ = (bqi, bq₂, . . . , bq₆₄, pi, p₂, . . . , pieo).

1 1. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-9 configured to cause the EDMG ST A to determine the LDPC codeword according to a scrambler initial seed value, the sequence of EDMG Header B bits comprising a plurality of bits to indicate the scrambler initial seed value.

12. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-9 configured to cause the EDMG STA to modulate the encoded EDMG Header B field according to a Quadrature Phase- Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation with Static Tone Pairing (STP).

13. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-9 configured to cause the EDMG STA to apply a same transmit waveform to the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field and to a data field of the EDMG MU PPDU.

14. The apparatus of claim 13 configured to cause the EDMG STA to assign the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field to a first OFDM symbol index, and to assign the data field to OFDM symbol indexes after the first symbol index.

15. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-9, wherein the channel bandwidth is 2.16GHz, 4.32GHz, 6.48GHz, or 8.64GHz.

16. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-9 comprising a radio.

17. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-9 comprising one or more antennas.

18. A method to be performed by an Enhanced Directional Multi -Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communication station (STA), the method comprising:

encoding a sequence of EDMG Header B bits of an EDMG Header B field of an EDMG Multi-User (MU) Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) into a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codeword, the EDMG MU PPDU addressed to a plurality of Stations (STAs), the sequence of EDMG Header B bits corresponding to a STA of the plurality of STAs;

determining an encoded EDMG Header B field based on an encoded codeword, the encoded codeword comprises a concatenation of a plurality of encoded sequences, which are based on the LDPC codeword;

modulating the encoded EDMG Header B field into an encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field; and

transmitting an Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transmission of the EDMG MU PPDU over a channel bandwidth in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz), the OFDM transmission comprising an OFDM symbol based on the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field.

19. The method of claim 18 comprising determining the encoded EDMG Header B field based on a count of one or more space-time streams to the STA.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field is based on a count of one or more 2.16 GHz channels in the channel bandwidth for transmission of the EDMG MU PPDU.

21. The method of claim 18, wherein the LDPC codeword comprises a sequence of scrambled bits based on the EDMG Header B bits, and a sequence of parity bits based on the sequence of scrambled bits, each of the plurality of encoded sequences comprising the sequence of scrambled bits and a subset of the sequence of parity bits.

22. The method of claim 18, wherein the LDPC codeword comprises 64 scrambled bits denoted (bq_1} bq₂, ... ,bq₆₄) and 168 parity bits denoted (pi, ρ —,ριββ), and the encoded codeword is c=(c_1} c₂,c₃), wherein:

ci = (bqi, bq₂, . . . , bq₆₄, p<j, Pio, · · · , Pies)

c₃ = (bqi, bq₂, . . . , bq₆₄, pi, p₂, . . . , pieo).

23. The method of claim 18 comprising applying a same transmit waveform to the encoded and modulated EDMG Header B field and to a data field of the EDMG MU PPDU.

24. A product comprising one or more tangible computer-readable non-transitory storage media comprising computer-executable instructions operable to, when executed by at least one processor, enable the at least one processor to cause an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communication station (STA) to perform the method of any one of claims 18-23.

25. An apparatus comprising means for causing an Enhanced Directional Multi- Gigabit (DMG) (EDMG) wireless communication station (STA) to perform the method of any one of claims 18-23.