WO2018181084A1

WO2018181084A1 - Impeller and rotation machine

Info

Publication number: WO2018181084A1
Application number: PCT/JP2018/011963
Authority: WO
Inventors: 勇哉紺野
Original assignee: 三菱重工コンプレッサ株式会社
Priority date: 2017-03-27
Filing date: 2018-03-26
Publication date: 2018-10-04
Also published as: US20200032810A1; JP2018162720A

Abstract

This impeller 1 is provided with: a disc part 30 which is fixed to a rotation shaft 101 which rotates around an axis O, a cover part 50 which is arranged facing the disc part 30, and multiple blade parts 40 which are provided between the disc part 30 and the cover part 50. The impeller 1 is characterized by being provided with: a first segment SG1 formed from a first disc part 31, which is a part of the disc part 30 located on one side of the axis O; a second disc part 35, which a part of the disc part 30 located on the other side of the axis O; a cover part 50; a second segment SG2 which is configured integrally with the blade parts 40; and a bonding layer BL which bonds the first segment SG1 and the second segment SG2 with an adhesive.

Description

Impeller and rotating machine

The present invention relates to an impeller used for a rotating machine.

For example, rotating machines such as industrial compressors, turbo refrigerators, and small gas turbines include an impeller in which a plurality of blades are attached to a disk fixed to a rotating shaft. This rotating machine gives pressure energy and velocity energy to the gas by rotating the impeller.

A so-called closed impeller in which a cover is integrally attached to a blade is known as an impeller. Some closed impellers are assembled by joining a plurality of members. The impeller having such a joint structure tends to deteriorate the performance of the impeller because the quality of the flow path shape is low. For this problem, Patent Document 1 proposes making the impeller into one piece.

Patent Document 1 discloses an impeller that includes a disk part, a blade part, and a cover part. The disk part is divided into two parts by a dividing surface perpendicular to the axis on the inner side in the radial direction of the blade part. A first segment) and a second member (second segment). Patent document 1 proposes joining a 1st segment and a 2nd segment by a split surface.
According to the proposal of patent document 1, while being able to improve the quality of a flow-path shape, it is supposed that an impeller can be easily attached or detached with respect to a rotating shaft.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-101967

In Patent Document 1, the first segment and the second segment are joined to each other by brazing or friction stir welding (Friction Stir Welding) on the dividing surface. This joining method is based on the premise that the first segment and the second segment in Patent Document 1 are made of a metal material. That is, in Patent Document 1, the choices of materials applied to the first segment and the second segment are limited.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an impeller and a rotating machine that can expand the choice of materials applied to the first segment and the second segment.

The impeller of the present invention includes a disk portion fixed to a rotating shaft that rotates about an axis, a cover portion that is disposed to face the disk portion, and a plurality of blade portions that are provided between the disk portion and the cover portion, Is provided.
The impeller in the present invention includes a first segment composed of a first disk portion that is a portion on one side of the axis of the disk portion, a second disk portion that is a portion on the other side of the axis of the disk portion, and a cover portion. And a second segment in which the blade part is integrally formed, and a joining layer that joins the first disk part of the first segment and the second disk part of the second segment with an adhesive. .

In the impeller according to the present invention, since the first disk portion of the first segment and the second disk portion of the second segment are joined by an adhesive, the material choices for the first segment and the second segment are limited to metal materials. It spreads to fiber reinforced resin. That is, the impeller of this invention can comprise a 1st segment from a metal material or fiber reinforced resin, and can comprise a 2nd segment from a metal material or fiber reinforced resin.

As a specific material option, the impeller of the present invention can be configured such that the first segment is made of a metal material and the second segment is made of a fiber reinforced resin.
Moreover, the impeller of this invention can comprise both a 1st segment and a 2nd segment from fiber reinforced resin.
Furthermore, the impeller of this invention can comprise both a 1st segment and a 2nd segment from a metal material.

The impeller of the present invention can be fixed to the rotating shaft via the first disk portion of the first segment.
When the first segment is made of a metal material, the first segment can be fitted to the rotary shaft with a margin.
When the first segment is made of a fiber reinforced resin, the first segment can be fitted to the rotating shaft via an adhesive.

In the impeller of the present invention, when the first segment and the second segment are made of a metal material, it is preferable to provide a film made of a metal salt on the surface on which the bonding layer is provided.
In the impeller of the present invention, it is preferable to provide a mechanical fitting structure between the first disk portion of the first segment and the second disk portion of the second segment.

The present invention also provides a rotating machine including the impeller described above.

According to the impeller of the present invention, the first segment and the second segment are joined via the adhesive layer. Thereby, according to this invention, since the material which comprises a 1st segment and a 2nd segment can be selected without being limited to a metal material, the choice of material spreads. Therefore, since the fiber reinforced resin that is lighter than, for example, a metal material can be formed in the first segment or the second segment, according to the present invention, the effect that the impeller can be reduced in weight compared to the case where the whole is made of a metal material. Bring.

It is sectional drawing of the centrifugal compressor in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the impeller in 1st Embodiment. It is a half sectional view showing an impeller in a 1st embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the manufacturing procedure of the impeller in 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing procedure of the impeller in 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the impeller in 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the manufacturing procedure of the impeller in 2nd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing procedure of the impeller in 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the impeller which concerns on the modification of 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a rotary machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described using the centrifugal compressor 100 as an example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[Configuration of Centrifugal Compressor 100]
As shown in FIG. 1, the centrifugal compressor 100 according to the first embodiment includes a casing 102 and a rotating shaft 101 that is pivotally supported on the casing 102 via a journal bearing 103 and a thrust bearing 104. The rotating shaft 101 is supported so as to be rotatable around the axis O, and a plurality of impellers 1 are attached to the rotating shaft 101 side by side in the direction of the axis O.

As shown in FIG. 2, the impeller 1 compresses the gas G sucked from the suction port 3 opened on one side in the direction of the axis O while passing through the flow path 105 formed inside the impeller 1. To do. The impeller 1 is configured to discharge the compressed gas G from the discharge port 4 toward the outside in the radial direction.
Each impeller 1 compresses the gas G supplied from the upstream flow path 105 formed in the casing 102 into the downstream flow path 105 in a stepwise manner using centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotary shaft 101. Shed.

As shown in FIG. 1, the casing 102 is formed with a suction port 106 for allowing the gas G to flow in from the outside on the front side (F) in the direction of the axis O of the rotary shaft 101. Further, the casing 102 is formed with a discharge port 107 for allowing the gas G to flow out to the outside on the rear side (R) in the direction of the axis O.

According to the centrifugal compressor 100, when the rotary shaft 101 rotates, the gas G flows into the flow path 105 from the suction port 106, and the gas G is compressed stepwise by the impeller 1 and discharged from the discharge port 107. . Although FIG. 1 shows an example in which six impellers 1 are provided in series on the rotating shaft 101, it is sufficient that at least one impeller 1 is provided on the rotating shaft 101. In the following description, in order to simplify the description, a case where only one impeller 1 is provided on the rotating shaft 101 will be described as an example.

[Configuration of Impeller 1]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the impeller 1 includes a disk unit 30, a blade unit 40, and a cover unit 50.
The disk part 30 is attached to the rotating shaft 101 by being fitted from the outside in the radial direction. As shown in FIG. 3, the disk unit 30 includes a first disk unit 31 and a second disk unit 35 that are divided into two in the direction of the axis O by a bonding layer BL orthogonal to the axis O. The first disk part 31 and the second disk part 35 are joined by a joining layer BL.

The first disk portion 31 has a substantially cylindrical shape with the axis O as the center. The first disk portion 31 includes a grip portion A that is fitted to the rotating shaft 101 with a tightening margin on the front end portion 33 side on the front side (F) of the axis O. Here, in order to fit the first disk portion 31 to the rotating shaft 101 with the allowance in the grip portion A, cold fitting or shrink fitting can be applied. The impeller 1 in this embodiment is fixed to the rotating shaft 101 only by the grip portion A.
The first disk portion 31 includes an outer peripheral surface 34 that gradually increases in diameter toward the rear side (R) of the axis O. This outer peripheral surface 34 is a concave curved surface toward the outside in a cross section including the axis O.
In the first disk portion 31, the rear end surface 32 on the rear side (R) of the axis O is bonded to the second disk portion 35 via a bonding layer BL made of an adhesive.

The second disk portion 35 is formed in a disk shape extending from the rear end portion 36 side opposite to the front end portion 33 side in the direction of the axis O toward the radially outer side.
In the second disk portion 35, the inner diameter side region 38 of the front end surface 37 is bonded via the rear end surface 32 bonding layer BL of the first disk portion 31. The rear end face 32 and the inner diameter side region 38 of the front end face 37 constitute a bonding layer BL orthogonal to the axis O.

For the bonding layer BL, an epoxy resin adhesive, an anaerobic strong sealant or the like is applied. If the impeller 1 is exposed to a temperature of about 200 ° C. as an example, the applied adhesive must have heat resistance at 200 ° C.

As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of blade parts 40 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the disk part 30.
As shown in FIG. 3, the blade portion 40 is formed with a substantially constant plate thickness and protrudes from the front end surface 37 of the disk portion 30 toward the front side (F) in the direction of the axis O. Further, the blade portion 40 has a slightly tapered shape toward the outside in the radial direction in a side view.

As shown in FIG. 2, each blade portion 40 is formed so as to go to the rear side in the rotation direction R of the impeller 1 as it goes to the outer side in the radial direction of the disk portion 30 when viewed from the direction of the axis O. Each blade portion 40 is formed to be concavely curved toward the rear side in the rotational direction R when viewed from the direction of the axis O. Here, an example in which the blade portion 40 is formed to be curved as viewed from the direction of the axis O has been described. However, the blade portion 40 only needs to extend to the rear side in the rotational direction R toward the outer side in the radial direction. . For example, the blade portion 40 may be formed linearly when viewed from the direction of the axis O.

As shown in FIG. 3, the cover portion 50 is disposed to face the disk portion 30 and covers the blade portion 40 from the front end portion 33 side in the direction of the axis O.
The cover portion 50 has a rear end surface 52 in the direction of the axis O formed integrally with the front edge 41 of the blade portion 40. The thickness dimension of the cover part 50 is formed in a plate shape in which the thickness dimension on the outer side in the radial direction is slightly thin, similarly to the thickness dimension of the disk part 30. The cover part 50 has a bent part 51 bent toward the front side in the direction of the axis O at the position of the inner end 42 of the blade part 40.

In the impeller 1 configured as described above, the bonding layer BL is disposed inside the blade portion 40 in the radial direction. Further, the front end portion 33 of the first disk portion 31 is disposed so as to protrude forward (F) in the direction of the axis O from the front end edge 53 of the bent portion 51. Further, the impeller 1 has a flow path 105 through which the gas G flows by the outer peripheral surface 34 of the first disk portion 31, the front end surface 37 of the second disk portion 35, the side surface 43 of the blade portion 40, and the rear end surface 52 of the cover portion 50. Is formed.

The impeller 1 includes a first segment SG1 and a second segment SG2. The first segment SG1 is composed of a first disk portion 31 that is a portion on one side of the axis O of the disk portion 30. The second segment SG <b> 2 includes a second disk part 35, which is a part on the other side of the axis O of the disk part 30, a blade part 40, and a cover part 50.

In the impeller 1 of the first embodiment, the first segment SG1 is made of a metal material, for example, precipitation hardening stainless steel, while the second segment SG2 is made of fiber reinforced resin (FRP). For example, carbon fiber or glass fiber is used as the reinforcing fiber. In particular, CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics) using carbon fiber as a reinforcing fiber has higher strength and elastic modulus than other FRPs and is excellent in corrosion resistance. .

[Manufacturing method of impeller 1]
Next, the manufacturing method of the impeller 1 mentioned above is demonstrated, referring FIG.4 and FIG.5.
First, the first segment SG1 is manufactured by casting, cutting, or the like (FIG. 4A, FIG. 5 Step S101).
Further, the second segment SG2 in which the second disk portion 35, the blade portion 40, and the cover portion 50 are integrated is produced (FIG. 4A, FIG. 5, step S103). The second segment SG2 made of fiber reinforced resin is integrally manufactured by injection molding.
Here, for convenience, the first segment SG1 and the second segment SG2 are manufactured in this order, but this manufacturing order may be reversed.

Next, the first segment SG1 (first disk portion 31) is fitted and fixed to the rotating shaft 101 (FIG. 4B, FIG. 5, step S105). This fitting can be performed by shrink fitting. The shrink fitting is performed by thermally expanding the first segment SG1 in the radial direction and then fitting the rotary shaft 101. When the first segment SG1 is cooled to room temperature, the first segment SG1 and the rotary shaft 101 are fitted with a margin.

Next, the rear end surface 32 of the first segment SG1 (first disk portion 31) fitted to the rotary shaft 101 and the front end surface 37 (inner diameter side) of the second segment SG2 (second disk portion 35) separately manufactured. The adhesive B is applied to the region 38) (FIG. 4B, FIG. 5, step S107). Note that the adhesive B may be applied to either the rear end surface 32 or the front end surface 37.

After applying the adhesive B to the rear end face 32 and the front end face 37, the second segment SG2 is fitted to the rotary shaft 101, and then pushed in until the rear end face 32 and the front end face 37 of the first segment SG1 abut. If the load is applied and held between the rear end face 32 and the front end face 37 until the adhesive B is cured, the joining of the first segment SG1 and the second segment SG2 is completed (FIG. 4 (c), FIG. 5 steps) S109).

[Effect of the first embodiment]
According to the impeller 1, since the first segment SG1 and the second segment SG2 are joined with an adhesive, the range of selection of materials applied to the second segment SG2 is widened, and the second segment SG2 is lighter than a metal material. It can be made of any fiber reinforced resin. Therefore, since the weight of the impeller 1 can be reduced as compared with the case where the whole is made of a metal material, the highly efficient centrifugal compressor 100 can be obtained according to this embodiment.

Further, since the first disk portion 31 that is the first segment SG1 is made of a metal material, the impeller 1 can be fitted to the rotary shaft 101 with a required strength simply by fitting it with a tightening margin, for example, by shrink fitting. Therefore, according to the impeller 1, since it is not necessary to provide a mechanical fitting structure such as a key and a key groove, the impeller 1 can be easily manufactured.

Further, the bonding layer BL made of the adhesive of the first segment SG1 and the second segment SG2 may be maintained by bonding the rear end face 32 and the front end face 37 coated with the adhesive in the atmosphere. Therefore, according to the first embodiment, the joining operation is easier than using a heat treatment furnace whose temperature is controlled in a vacuum like brazing.

Also, in the case of brazing, it takes one day from application to curing to join with an adhesive, compared to the time required for brazing to be completed after the impeller is put into the heat treatment furnace. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the impeller 1 can be manufactured in a short time.

In addition, since bonding with an adhesive can be performed at room temperature without heating, the impeller 1 is not deformed by the application of heat. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the impeller 1 with high shape and dimensional accuracy.
In addition, since the bonding with the adhesive can be performed in the atmosphere, since the bonding state can be finely corrected before curing, the impeller 1 according to the present embodiment has more accurate shape and dimensions. high.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The impeller 2 according to the second embodiment differs from the impeller 1 of the first embodiment in that the first disk portion 31 that constitutes the first segment SG1 in addition to the second segment SG2 is also composed of fiber reinforced resin. Hereinafter, the impeller 2 will be described with a focus on differences from the impeller 1 with reference to FIG. 6. The same components and elements as those of the impeller 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the impeller 1 in FIG.

In the impeller 2, the first disk portion 31 made of fiber reinforced resin is fixed to the rotary shaft 101 with an adhesive. In order to supplement the fixing strength by the adhesive, the impeller 2 is provided with key grooves S1 and S2 in the rotary shaft 101 and the first disk portion 31, respectively, and a key K is inserted into the key grooves S1 and S2. The key grooves S1, S2 and the key K can be provided in a portion corresponding to the grip portion A, for example. The rotary shaft 101 and the first disk portion 31 other than the key grooves S1, S2 and the key K are joined by an adhesive B.

In the impeller 2, the first disk portion 31 is joined to the rotary shaft 101 with an adhesive at the grip portion A portion. The second segment SG2 is joined to the first segment SG1 including the first disk portion 31 fixed to the rotating shaft 101 with an adhesive via the joining layer BL. This joining is the same as that of the impeller 1 of the first embodiment.

[Manufacturing method of impeller 2]
Next, a method for manufacturing the impeller 2 will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, the 1st disc part 31 which makes 1st segment SG1 is produced by injection molding using fiber reinforced resin (Drawing 8 Step S201). However, a key groove S2 is formed in the inner periphery of the first disk portion 31.
Further, the second segment SG2 in which the second disk portion 35, the blade portion 40 and the cover portion 50 are integrated is integrally manufactured by injection molding using a fiber reinforced resin (step S203 in FIG. 8).

Next, the first segment SG1 (first disk portion 31) is fitted to the rotating shaft 101 (FIG. 7A, step S205 in FIG. 8).
A key groove S1 is formed in advance on the rotary shaft 101, and a key K is inserted into the key groove S1. An adhesive B is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the first disk portion 31 corresponding to the grip portion A.
In the first segment SG1, the key shaft S is fitted to the rotary shaft 101 so that the key groove S2 is inserted into the key K. When the key K is pushed in until it hits the back of the keyway S2 (right side in the figure), the fitting operation of the first disk portion 31 and the rotary shaft 101 is completed.

The key K can be fixed in advance to the key groove S1 of the rotary shaft 101 with an adhesive.
Further, the fixing of the first disk portion 31 and the rotary shaft 101 with the adhesive can be performed only in the key grooves S1 and S2 and the key K portion as long as the bonding strength is allowed.

Subsequent joining of the first segment SG1 (first disk portion 31) and the second segment SG2 (second disk portion 35) with the adhesive is the same as that in the first embodiment (FIG. 7C, FIG. 8 steps). S207, step S209).

[Effects of Second Embodiment]
The impeller 2 according to the second embodiment uses a first segment SG1 (first disk portion 31) made of fiber reinforced resin. Therefore, according to 2nd Embodiment, since the weight reduction of the impeller 2 is implement | achieved more, the highly efficient centrifugal compressor 100 is obtained.

In the second embodiment, since it is not necessary to heat the first segment SG1 and the second segment SG2 to join the rotating shaft 101, the joining operation is easier than in the first embodiment.

Further, compared to, for example, shrink fitting the first disk portion 31 to the rotating shaft 101, the time required for joining the first disk portion 31 and the rotating shaft 101 via the adhesive can be shortened. Therefore, according to the second embodiment, the impeller 2 can be manufactured in a shorter time than the first embodiment.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. In addition to the above, the configurations described in the above embodiments may be selected or changed to other configurations as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Is possible.

In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, at least one of the first segment SG1 and the second segment SG2 was made of fiber reinforced resin. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and both the first segment SG1 and the second segment SG2 can be made of a metal material. That is, the present invention has the option of configuring the first segment SG1 from a metal material or fiber reinforced resin and configuring the second segment SG2 from a metal material or fiber reinforced resin.

The present invention can be applied to a means for increasing the strength of the bonding through the bonding layer BL of the first segment SG1 and the second segment SG2.
For example, when the first segment SG1 and the second segment SG2 are iron-based metal materials, the rear end surface 32 and the front end surface 37 to which the adhesive is applied can be subjected to phosphate treatment. Phosphate treatment forms a thin micron-order film of a metal salt such as zinc phosphate on the metal surface, but this film has a columnar form, which roughens the surface, thereby increasing the bonding strength of the adhesive. Increase.
As the phosphate treatment, zinc phosphate treatment, calcium phosphate treatment and iron phosphate treatment are known, but zinc phosphate treatment which can be treated even at room temperature is preferred.

Further, in order to increase the bonding strength between the first disk part 31 of the first segment SG1 and the second disk part 35 of the second segment SG2, a mechanical fit is provided between the first disk part 31 and the second disk part 35. A combined structure can also be provided.
For example, as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the fitting structure 39 is provided on the recess 39 </ b> A provided on the rear end surface 32 of the first disk portion 31 and the front end surface 37 of the second disk portion 35. It is comprised from the convex part 39B. The convex portion 39B is inserted into the concave portion 39A to constitute the fitting structure 39.
The fitting structures 39 are provided at four locations at intervals of 90 ° in the circumferential direction of the first disk portion 31 and the second disk portion 35.

In the

impellers

1 and 2 of the present embodiment, the boundary surface between the first disk portion 31 and the second disk portion 35 is along the direction orthogonal to the axis O, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the boundary surface May be inclined with respect to the axis O.

1, 2 Impeller 3 Suction port 4 Discharge port 30 Disc portion 31 First disc portion 32 Rear end surface 33 Front end portion 34 Outer peripheral surface 35 Second disc portion 36 Rear end portion 37 Front end surface 38 Inner diameter side region 39 Fitting structure 39A Recessed portion 39B Convex portion 40 Blade portion 41 Front edge 42 Inner end 43 Side surface 50 Cover portion 51 Bending portion 52 Rear end surface 53 Front end edge 100 Centrifugal compressor 101 Rotating shaft 102 Casing 103 Journal bearing 104 Thrust bearing 105 Channel 106 Suction port 107 Suction port 107 Discharge port A Grip part B Adhesive BL Bonding layer K Key S1, S2 Key groove SG1 First segment SG2 Second segment O Axis R Rotation direction G Gas

Claims

A disk portion fixed to a rotating shaft that rotates about an axis;
A cover portion disposed opposite to the disk portion;
A plurality of blade portions provided between the disk portion and the cover portion, and an impeller comprising:
A first segment composed of a first disk part which is a part on one side of the axis of the disk part;
A second disk part which is a part on the other side of the axis of the disk part, the cover part, and a second segment in which the blade part is integrally formed;
A bonding layer for bonding the first disk portion of the first segment and the second disk portion of the second segment with an adhesive;
An impeller characterized by comprising:
The first segment is made of a metal material or a fiber reinforced resin,
The second segment is made of a metal material or fiber reinforced resin,
The impeller according to claim 1.
The first segment is made of a metal material, and the second segment is made of a fiber reinforced resin.
The impeller according to claim 1.
Both the first segment and the second segment are made of fiber reinforced resin.
The impeller according to claim 1.
Both the first segment and the second segment are made of a metal material,
The impeller according to claim 1.
Fixed to the rotating shaft via the first disk portion of the first segment;
The impeller according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
The impeller according to claim 6, wherein the first segment is made of a metal material and is fitted to the rotating shaft with an allowance.
The first segment is made of a fiber reinforced resin and is fitted to the rotating shaft via an adhesive.
The impeller according to claim 6.
A coating made of a metal salt is provided on the surface of the first segment made of a metal material and the second segment on which the bonding layer is provided,
The impeller according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
A mechanical fitting structure is provided between the first disk portion of the first segment and the second disk portion of the second segment;
The impeller according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
A rotary machine comprising the impeller according to any one of claims 1 to 10.