+

WO2018161118A1 - Optimisation de bande passante de caméra de sécurité distante - Google Patents

Optimisation de bande passante de caméra de sécurité distante Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018161118A1
WO2018161118A1 PCT/AU2018/050206 AU2018050206W WO2018161118A1 WO 2018161118 A1 WO2018161118 A1 WO 2018161118A1 AU 2018050206 W AU2018050206 W AU 2018050206W WO 2018161118 A1 WO2018161118 A1 WO 2018161118A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
image data
transmission channel
image
processor
arrangement
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2018/050206
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Charles Richard WILKINS
Peter William HOLTON
Original Assignee
Spectur Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2017900785A external-priority patent/AU2017900785A0/en
Application filed by Spectur Limited filed Critical Spectur Limited
Publication of WO2018161118A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018161118A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
    • H04N7/183—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a single remote source
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/21—Server components or server architectures
    • H04N21/218—Source of audio or video content, e.g. local disk arrays
    • H04N21/2187—Live feed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/24—Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of server load, available bandwidth, upstream requests
    • H04N21/2402—Monitoring of the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. bandwidth available

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a security camera, a system for remote security camera bandwidth optimisation, as well as an associated method for remote security camera bandwidth optimisation.
  • Security cameras are known in the art. Such security cameras are also generally known as closed-circuit television
  • CCTV or video surveillance
  • CCTV has become prevalent for applications including crime prevention, industrial processes, traffic monitoring, transport safety, sporting events, monitoring of employees, use in schools and home security.
  • a traditional CCTV methodology generally relies upon a local storage medium, such as a Digital Video Recorder (DVR) , so that cameras can record activity on a site being monitored.
  • DVR Digital Video Recorder
  • More modern CCTV systems permit connectivity via the Internet to recover any recorded activity from a local storage medium, but this approach has two main disadvantages, namely a) if the DVR is stolen or damaged and the recorded activity not previously uploaded via the Internet to a remote terminal, the activity is lost, and b) continuous video, unless it is of relatively low resolution, consumes a massive amount of data to upload, which usually precludes users from having this facility.
  • a security camera comprising:
  • an image capturing arrangement configured for operatively capturing image data
  • a non-transitory memory arrangement for operatively storing captured image data
  • transceiver configured to receive instructions and transmit captured image data
  • processor arranged in signal communication with the image capturing arrangement, the memory arrangement and the transceiver, the processor adapted to:
  • ii) compress the captured image data for storing in the short-term image buffer and storing uncompressed image data in the long-term image database; and iii) transmit, to a remote terminal, the compressed image data from the buffer in accordance with a selectable threshold of a transmission channel and, upon receipt of instruction from said terminal, transmit the uncompressed image data from the database;
  • bandwidth-usage of the transmission channel is optimisable by said security camera allowing selective transmission of compressed and/or uncompressed image data during security monitoring.
  • bandwidth generally refers to a data transmission capacity of a transmission channel.
  • transmission channel is generally to be understood to refer to any communications channel such as an assigned carrier frequency for wireless data transmission, or a physical media channel such as a data cable, and typically comprises any physical transmission medium or logical connection over a multiplexed medium, e.g. a radio channel in telecommunications and computer networking.
  • image data is to be understood as generally referring to a digital image typically comprising any numeric representation, such as binary representation, of a two-dimensional image.
  • image data also comprises video data, generally being a series of digital images displayed in rapid succession.
  • reference herein to an act of compressing image data includes any act or instance of reducing or removing irrelevance and/or redundancy from the image data in order to be able to store or transmit said image data using less bandwidth than before such compression, and include digital image resolution reduction and related pixel sampling and compression techniques and algorithms.
  • the image capturing arrangement comprises a high-definition still or video camera.
  • the image capturing arrangement comprises a motion sensor configured to activate the image capturing arrangement when motion is sensed.
  • the image capturing arrangement comprises an activator for activating the image capturing arrangement upon occurrence of a particular event.
  • the particular event comprises an alarm triggering.
  • the memory arrangement comprises a solid- state non-volatile electronic storage.
  • the memory arrangement comprises embedded MultiMediaCard (eMMC) storage.
  • eMMC embedded MultiMediaCard
  • the transceiver comprises a modulator- demodulator (modem) for transmission of image data via the transmission channel, and reception of instructions from the remote terminal .
  • modem modulator- demodulator
  • the processor is adapted to perform its relevant functions by means of executing a particular set of instructions .
  • the processor is adapted to apportion the memory arrangement into the short-term image buffer and the long-term image database according to a storage capacity of the memory arrangement.
  • the processor is adapted to apportion the memory arrangement into the short-term image buffer and the long-term image database according to the bandwidth of the transmission channel.
  • the processor is adapted to compress the image data according to a particular compression algorithm.
  • the processor is adapted to determine the particular compression algorithm according to the bandwidth of the transmission channel.
  • the selectable threshold of the transmission channel is selectable according to a desired image quality of the compressed image data.
  • the selectable threshold of the transmission channel comprises the available bandwidth of the transmission channel whereby the compressed image data is transmissible without delay.
  • the transceiver is configured to determine the available bandwidth of the transmission channel to facilitate selection of the selectable threshold.
  • the processor is adapted to determine the available bandwidth of the transmission channel to facilitate selection of the selectable threshold.
  • the processor is adapted to transmit the compressed image data from the buffer to the remote terminal only upon occurrence of the particular event.
  • a system for optimising security camera bandwidth- usage comprising:
  • At least one security camera arranged in signal communication with the remote terminal via a transmission channel, the camera having:
  • an image capturing arrangement configured for operatively capturing image data
  • a non-transitory memory arrangement for operatively storing captured image data
  • a transceiver configured to receive instructions and transmit captured image data via the transmission channel
  • a processor arranged in signal communication with the image capturing arrangement, the memory arrangement and the transceiver, the processor adapted to:
  • bandwidth-usage of the transmission channel is optimisable by the system allowing selective transmission of compressed and/or uncompressed image data during security monitoring .
  • the image capturing arrangement comprises a high-definition still or video camera.
  • the system comprises a motion sensor configured to activate the image capturing arrangement when motion is sensed.
  • the system comprises an activator for activating the image capturing arrangement upon occurrence of a particular event.
  • the particular event comprises an alarm triggering.
  • the memory arrangement comprises a solid- state non-volatile electronic storage.
  • the memory arrangement comprises embedded MultiMediaCard (eMMC) storage.
  • eMMC embedded MultiMediaCard
  • the transceiver comprises a modulator- demodulator (modem) for transmission of image data via the transmission channel, and reception of instructions from the remote terminal .
  • modem modulator- demodulator
  • the processor is adapted to perform its relevant functions by means of executing a particular set of instructions .
  • the processor is adapted to apportion the memory arrangement into the short-term image buffer and the long-term image database according to a storage capacity of the memory arrangement.
  • the processor is adapted to apportion the memory arrangement into the short-term image buffer and the long-term image database according to the bandwidth of the transmission channel.
  • the processor is adapted to compress the image data according to a particular compression algorithm.
  • the processor is adapted to determine the particular compression algorithm according to the bandwidth of the transmission channel.
  • the selectable threshold of the transmission channel is selectable according to a desired image quality of the compressed image data.
  • the selectable threshold of the transmission channel comprises the available bandwidth of the transmission channel whereby the compressed image data is transmissible without delay.
  • the transceiver is configured to determine the available bandwidth of the transmission channel to facilitate selection of the selectable threshold.
  • the processor is adapted to determine the available bandwidth of the transmission channel to facilitate selection of the selectable threshold.
  • the processor is adapted to transmit the compressed image data from the buffer to the remote terminal only upon occurrence of the particular event.
  • a third aspect of the invention there is provided a method for optimising security camera bandwidth- usage, said method comprising the steps of:
  • bandwidth-usage of the transmission channel is optimisable by allowing selective transmission of compressed and/or uncompressed image data during security monitoring.
  • the step of capturing image data is performed by means of a high-definition still or video camera.
  • the step of capturing image data is performed upon occurrence of a particular event.
  • the particular event comprises an alarm triggering.
  • the step of transmitting is performed via a transceiver comprising a modulator-demodulator (modem) for transmission of image data via the transmission channel, and reception of instructions from the remote terminal.
  • modem modulator-demodulator
  • the processor is adapted to apportion the memory arrangement into the short-term image buffer and the long-term image database according to a storage capacity of the memory arrangement.
  • the processor is adapted to apportion the memory arrangement into the short-term image buffer and the long-term image database according to the bandwidth of the transmission channel.
  • the processor is adapted to compress the image data according to a particular compression algorithm.
  • the processor is adapted to determine the particular compression algorithm according to the bandwidth of the transmission channel.
  • the selectable threshold of the transmission channel is selectable according to a desired image quality of the compressed image data.
  • the selectable threshold of the transmission channel comprises the available bandwidth of the transmission channel whereby the compressed image data is transmissible without delay.
  • the processor is adapted to transmit the compressed image data from the buffer to the remote terminal only upon occurrence of the particular event.
  • Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representation of one example of a security camera in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a diagrammatic representation of one example of a system for optimising security camera bandwidth-usage, in accordance with another aspect of the invention
  • Figure 3 is a diagrammatic representation of one example of a method for optimising security camera bandwidth-usage, in accordance with a further aspect of the invention.
  • a security camera 10 which generally comprises an image capturing arrangement 12 configured for operatively capturing image data, a non- transitory memory arrangement 14 for operatively storing such captured image data, and a transceiver 16 configured to receive instructions and transmit captured image data to a remote terminal 24.
  • the security camera 10 further typically comprises a processor 18 arranged in signal communication with the image capturing arrangement 12, the memory arrangement 14 and the transceiver 16, as shown.
  • the processor 18 is adapted to perform various functions by means of executing a particular set of instructions, as is well-known in the art. Accordingly, in this example, the processor 18 is adapted to i) apportion the memory arrangement 14 into a short-term image buffer 20 and a long-term image database 22, to ii) compress the captured image data for storing in the short-term image buffer 20 and storing uncompressed image data in the long-term image database 22, and to iii) transmit, to the remote terminal 24 (shown in Figure 2), the compressed image data from the buffer 20 in accordance with a selectable threshold of a transmission channel 26 and, upon receipt of instruction from said terminal 24, to transmit the uncompressed image data from the database 22.
  • bandwidth-usage of the transmission channel 26 is optimisable by the camera 10 allowing selective transmission of compressed and/or uncompressed image data during security monitoring using the camera 10.
  • the transmission channel 26 may include the Internet 25 or a similar distributed communications network.
  • the processor 18 is adapted to apportion the memory arrangement 14 into the short-term image buffer 20 and the long-term image database 22 according to a storage capacity of the memory arrangement 14.
  • the processor 18 is generally adapted to apportion the memory arrangement 14 into the short-term image buffer 20 and the long-term image database 22 according to the bandwidth of the transmission channel 26.
  • the bandwidth of the transmission channel 26 may have a direct influence on a storage capacity of both the buffer 20 and the database 2.
  • a higher bandwidth of the transmission channel 26 may lead to a smaller buffer size, whereas a lower bandwidth of the transmission channel 26 may lead to a larger buffer size.
  • the processor 18 is adapted to compress the image data according to a particular compression algorithm.
  • the processor 18 may be adapted to determine the particular compression algorithm according to the bandwidth of the transmission channel 26. For example, a very small bandwidth may require a very high compression ratio algorithm, whereas a larger bandwidth may only require a lower compression ratio algorithm.
  • the selectable threshold of the transmission channel 26 is typically selectable according to a desired image quality of the compressed image data.
  • the selectable threshold of the transmission channel 26 comprises the available bandwidth of the transmission channel 26 whereby the compressed image data is transmissible without delay. For example, if a user only requires low-quality compressed image data for situational awareness of a particular site monitored by camera 10, the selectable threshold may be low. Similarly, where the available bandwidth of the transmission channel 26 is constrained or limited, the selectable threshold may also be low.
  • the transceiver 16 may be configured to determine the available bandwidth of the transmission channel 26 to facilitate selection of the selectable threshold.
  • the processor 18 may be adapted to determine the available bandwidth of the transmission channel 26 to facilitate selection of the selectable threshold, i.e. a suitable bandwidth detector, or the like.
  • the image capturing arrangement 12 comprises a high-definition video camera.
  • the image capturing arrangement 12 comprises a motion sensor 28 which is configured to activate the image capturing arrangement 12 when motion is sensed.
  • the image capturing arrangement 12 may comprise an activator (not shown) for activating the image capturing arrangement 12 upon occurrence of a particular event, such as an alarm triggering, or the like .
  • the activator may comprise any suitable means for triggering a security alarm, such as a door or window opening, e.g. using a reed switch, or the like, or any other suitable detector or alarm.
  • the processor 18 is adapted to transmit the compressed image data from the buffer 20 to the remote terminal 24 only upon occurrence of the particular event. Conversely, in another example the processor 18 is adapted to continuously transmit the compressed image data from the buffer 20 to the remote terminal 24.
  • the memory arrangement 14 typically comprises a solid-state non-volatile electronic storage, as is well-known in the art of electronic storage. In a preferred example, however, the memory arrangement 14 comprises embedded MultiMediaCard (eMMC) storage, as Applicants have found eMMC- based storage protocols to reduce storage mounting issues. However, other solid-state storage arrangements are possible and within the scope of this invention.
  • eMMC embedded MultiMediaCard
  • the transceiver 16 generally comprises a modulator- demodulator (modem) for transmission of image data via the transmission channel 26, as well as reception of instructions from the remote terminal 24.
  • modem modulator- demodulator
  • Various modems can be used, as will be appreciated by the skilled addressee.
  • the system 8 generally comprises the remote terminal 24 and at least one security camera 10, as described above.
  • the terminal 24 and the camera (s) 10 are arranged in signal communication with the remote terminal 24 via the transmission channel 26, which may include the Internet 25 or a similar distributed communications network.
  • bandwidth-usage of the transmission channel 26 is optimisable by the system 8 allowing selective transmission of compressed and/or uncompressed image data during security monitoring.
  • the method 40 generally comprises the steps of capturing 42 image data via the image capturing arrangement 12, and storing 44 captured image data in the non-transitory memory arrangement 14. Further steps of apportioning 46 the memory arrangement 14 into the short-term image buffer 20 and the long-term image database 22, and compressing 48 the captured image data for storing in the short-term image buffer 20 and storing uncompressed image data in the long-term image database 22, as well as transmitting 50, to the remote terminal 24, the compressed image data from the buffer 20 in accordance with the selectable threshold of the transmission channel 26 and, upon receipt of instruction from the terminal 24, transmitting 52 the uncompressed image data from the database 22, are typically performed by the processor 18 arranged in signal communication with the image capturing arrangement 12 and the memory arrangement 14.
  • bandwidth-usage of the transmission channel 16 is optimisable by allowing selective transmission of compressed and/or uncompressed image data during security monitoring under the method 40.
  • the step of capturing image data 42 is typically performed by means of a high-definition still or video camera. In addition, the step of capturing image data 42 may be performed upon occurrence of the particular event, as described above. [ 0076 ]
  • the step of transmitting 50 and/or 52 is performed via the transceiver 16 generally comprising a modulator- demodulator (modem) for transmission of image data via the transmission channel 26, and reception of instructions from the remote terminal 24.
  • modem modulator- demodulator
  • the present invention provides a unique buffering methodology, as described above, useable to overcome the problems associated with low bandwidth of the transmission channel 26, e.g. slow 3G/GPRS broadband data systems which can cause the transmission of high definition image data to become flogged' and therefore possibly subject to deletion if the broadband modem temporarily disconnects the camera from the remote terminal 24.
  • a high definition alarm image may be approximately 420 Kbytes per images and there may be 20 or so images as part of the alarm sequence, i.e. the particular event.
  • the upload speed via busy 3G cell sites can limit speed to 50 Kbytes.
  • the present invention enables temporary storing of the CCTV images in the buffer 20 before storing them in the database part 22 of the memory arrangement 14, e.g. eMMC . This allows, for example, a 10Kbyte ⁇ thumbnail' or compressed image data to be sent to the remote terminal 24 for each sequence of CCTV activity along with date and time stamps.
  • thumbnail images which uses a relatively small amount of data. If the user wants to examine the sequence in more detail, he/she can select or click on the thumbnail of interest, which causes the terminal to send the instructions to the camera 10 to retrieve the high definition or uncompressed stored image data on the eMMC in full resolution. Only then is a significant amount of data used via the transmission channel 26.
  • the present invention enables up to 10 thumbnails for each CCTV activity to be sent immediately to the remote terminal 24 so that even if the camera 10 is stolen or destroyed, the thumbnails can be viewed via the remote terminal to detect unauthorised activity even when the camera is not 'armed' , such as during day activity on a busy building site.
  • Optional embodiments of the present invention may also be said to broadly consist in the parts, elements and features referred to or indicated herein, individually or collectively, in any or all combinations of two or more of the parts, elements or features, and wherein specific integers are mentioned herein which have known equivalents in the art to which the invention relates, such known equivalents are deemed to be incorporated herein as if individually set forth.
  • well-known processes, well-known device structures, and well-known technologies are not described in detail, as such will be readily understood by the skilled addressee .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Closed-Circuit Television Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Une caméra de sécurité comprend un agencement de capture d'image servant à capturer des données d'image, un agencement de mémoire non transitoire servant à stocker les données d'image capturées, un émetteur-récepteur servant à recevoir des instructions et à transmettre des données d'image capturées à un terminal distant, un processeur étant en communication avec l'agencement de capture d'image, l'agencement de mémoire et l'émetteur-récepteur, et étant conçu pour répartir l'agencement de mémoire dans un tampon d'image à court terme destiné à stocker des données d'image compressées et dans une base de données d'image à long terme destinée à stocker des données d'image non compressées, et transmettant, à un terminal distant, les données d'image compressées provenant du tampon en fonction d'un seuil sélectionnable d'un canal de transmission et, lors de la réception d'une instruction provenant dudit terminal distant, transmettant les données d'image non compressées provenant de la base de données de telle sorte que l'utilisation de bande passante du canal de transmission peut être optimisée grâce à la caméra qui permet une transmission sélective de données d'image compressées et/ou non compressées pendant une surveillance de sécurité à l'aide de la caméra.
PCT/AU2018/050206 2017-03-07 2018-03-06 Optimisation de bande passante de caméra de sécurité distante WO2018161118A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2017900785A AU2017900785A0 (en) 2017-03-07 Remote security camera bandwidth optimisation
AU2017900785 2017-03-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018161118A1 true WO2018161118A1 (fr) 2018-09-13

Family

ID=63447116

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU2018/050206 WO2018161118A1 (fr) 2017-03-07 2018-03-06 Optimisation de bande passante de caméra de sécurité distante

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2018161118A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100245582A1 (en) * 2009-03-25 2010-09-30 Syclipse Technologies, Inc. System and method of remote surveillance and applications therefor
US20110128150A1 (en) * 2008-05-05 2011-06-02 Rustom Adi Kanga System and method for electronic surveillance
US20160205422A1 (en) * 2008-03-03 2016-07-14 Avigilon Patent Holding 2 Corporation Content-aware computer networking devices with video analytics for reducing video storage and video communication bandwidth requirements of a video surveillance network camera system

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160205422A1 (en) * 2008-03-03 2016-07-14 Avigilon Patent Holding 2 Corporation Content-aware computer networking devices with video analytics for reducing video storage and video communication bandwidth requirements of a video surveillance network camera system
US20110128150A1 (en) * 2008-05-05 2011-06-02 Rustom Adi Kanga System and method for electronic surveillance
US20100245582A1 (en) * 2009-03-25 2010-09-30 Syclipse Technologies, Inc. System and method of remote surveillance and applications therefor

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8780199B2 (en) Networked security camera with local storage and continuous recording loop
CN106303397B (zh) 图像采集方法及系统、视频监控方法及系统
US20060078046A1 (en) Method and system for multi-path video delivery and distribution
US20110187895A1 (en) Intelligent video compacting agent
US20150199366A1 (en) Storage management of data streamed from a video source device
US20110273563A1 (en) Video analytics with burst-like transmission of video data
CA2716637A1 (fr) Analytique video avec pretraitement a l'extremite source
KR102170691B1 (ko) 감시용 카메라, 감시용 기록 장치, 및 감시 시스템
JP2008263370A (ja) カメラ装置及び情報配信装置
CN102610047A (zh) 一种基于机顶盒的远程监控防盗的系统及方法
US10033930B2 (en) Method of reducing a video file size for surveillance
CA3015189A1 (fr) Systemes et methodes de transmission d'image video haute qualite a partir d'un capteur faible puissance
JP7655878B2 (ja) イベントビデオシーケンス
CN115836516B (zh) 监视系统
CN103595964A (zh) 一种数据处理方法及装置
WO2018161118A1 (fr) Optimisation de bande passante de caméra de sécurité distante
US20240290185A1 (en) Event detection, event notification, data retrieval, and associated devices, systems, and methods
JP2003009131A (ja) 画像監視システムおよび画像配信方法
EP3629577B1 (fr) Procédé de transmission de données, caméra et dispositif électronique
CN101971620A (zh) 一种高质量图像的录制方法
KR20150095080A (ko) 영상 데이터 전송 장치 및 방법
CN101394543A (zh) 基于目标检测技术的网络摄像机
KR20040006191A (ko) 통신망을 이용한 모니터링 서비스 방법
KR102058241B1 (ko) 저전력 광대역 통신망을 통해 동영상을 전송할 수 있는 블랙박스 단말기 및 그 방법
CN202818473U (zh) 一种基于sdi高清视频的存储装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18763022

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

DPE1 Request for preliminary examination filed after expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed from 20040101)
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 18763022

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

点击 这是indexloc提供的php浏览器服务，不要输入任何密码和下载