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WO2018157843A1 - 2-(取代苯杂基)芳香甲酸类fto抑制剂，其制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents

2-(取代苯杂基)芳香甲酸类fto抑制剂，其制备方法及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2018157843A1
WO2018157843A1 PCT/CN2018/077795 CN2018077795W WO2018157843A1 WO 2018157843 A1 WO2018157843 A1 WO 2018157843A1 CN 2018077795 W CN2018077795 W CN 2018077795W WO 2018157843 A1 WO2018157843 A1 WO 2018157843A1
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substituted
group
unsubstituted
alkyl
compound
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PCT/CN2018/077795
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨财广
黄悦
董泽
张涛
徐洪蛟
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中国科学院上海药物研究所
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Priority to US16/490,186 priority Critical patent/US11555009B2/en
Priority to EP18760913.6A priority patent/EP3590920B1/en
Priority to JP2019548071A priority patent/JP7046968B2/ja
Publication of WO2018157843A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018157843A1/zh

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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of pharmaceutical compounds, and in particular, the present invention discloses a 2-(substituted phenyl)aramidic acid compound represented by the following formula (I), and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or pharmaceutically acceptable A solvate that acts as an FTO-targeted inhibitor to treat FTO-targeted diseases such as obesity, metabolic syndrome (MS), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and Al Cancer such as Zhaimer, breast cancer.
  • FTO-targeted diseases such as obesity, metabolic syndrome (MS), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and Al Cancer such as Zhaimer, breast cancer.
  • Fatty and obesity associated protein FTO was the first to be found to have both m 6 A (N 6 -methyl adenosine, N 6 methylated adenosine) RNA demethylase activity Proteins that regulate metabolic processes in the body, Fto knockout can cause severe growth retardation and multiple malformations. In addition to being directly related to obesity, FTO is also closely related to diseases such as metabolic syndrome (MS), type 2 diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease. Recent studies have shown that Fto is an important oncogene in the pathogenesis of solid tumors such as breast cancer and malignant glioblastoma, and knocking down the Fto gene or reducing the expression of FTO protein can effectively inhibit breast cancer and malignant glia. Proliferation of tumor cells such as cell brain tumors.
  • the object of the present invention is to design and synthesize a series of inhibitors specifically targeting FTO, and to achieve treatment of small cell lung cancer, human bone marrow rhabdomyosarcoma by inhibiting FTO enzymatic function or FTO protein-mediated signal transduction process,
  • the purpose of cancer such as pancreatic cancer and malignant glioma cell brain tumor.
  • a 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 are each independently CR' or N;
  • M is selected from the group consisting of CR' 2 , NH, O or S;
  • X has a structure represented by the following formula: a carboxyl group, a hydroxamic acid group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 12 ester group, a substituted or unsubstituted amide group, a substituted or unsubstituted 3-12 membered heterocyclic group;
  • Y is selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted 3-12 membered heterocyclic;
  • R a , R b , R c , R d are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, -OH, CN, NO 2 , NH 2 , substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, substituted or not Substituted C 1 -C 6 alkoxy;
  • X has a structure represented by the following formula: a carboxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C12 ester group, a substituted or unsubstituted amide group, a substituted or unsubstituted 5-9 membered heterocyclic group;
  • Y is selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted C6-C12 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted 3-12 membered heterocyclic;
  • Y is not an unsubstituted phenyl group.
  • the X has a structure as shown in the following formula:
  • each R 0 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 10 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl (including monocyclic, polycyclic, bridged ring structures), substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, -OR", R" From the following group: halogen atom, carboxyl group, hydroxyl group, amino group, nitro group, cyano group, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group, C 1 -C 6 alkylamino group, C 1 -C 6 Alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 acylamino, C 2 -C 12 ester, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C
  • Y is a substituted or unsubstituted benzene, a substituted or unsubstituted pyridine, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrimidine, a substituted or unsubstituted pyridazine, a substituted or unsubstituted tetrazine, a substituted or unsubstituted triazine, a substituted or not Substituted pyrrole, substituted or unsubstituted thiophene, substituted or unsubstituted furan, substituted or unsubstituted tetrazolium, substituted or unsubstituted triazole, substituted or unsubstituted imidazole, substituted or unsubstituted thiazole, Substituted or unsubstituted oxazole, substituted or unsubstituted pyrazole, substituted or unsubstituted isothiazole, substituted or un
  • the substituent is selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a C 1 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl group, an amino group, a C 1 -C 6 acylamino group, a nitro group, a cyano group, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogenated C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 alkylamino, C 6 -C 10 aryl or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl
  • the group is preferably a halogen atom, a C 1 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl group, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, a halogenated C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group or a phenyl group.
  • the Y is selected from the group consisting of:
  • a halogen Atom C 1 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, halo C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy or phenyl.
  • R a , R b , R c , R d are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, methoxy.
  • R a and R b are each independently H, or R c and R d are each independently H.
  • R a and R b are the same.
  • R c and R d are the same.
  • a 2 and A 3 are each independently CR′.
  • the X group and the Y group are the groups corresponding to the compounds in the specific examples.
  • R, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 are the groups corresponding to the compounds of the specific examples.
  • the compound of formula I is selected from the group consisting of compounds 1-88.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is selected from the group consisting of inorganic acid salts, organic acid salts, inorganic alkali salts, or organic base salts.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is an alkali metal salt, preferably a lithium salt, a sodium salt or a potassium salt.
  • the inorganic acid salt is selected from the group consisting of a hydrochloride, a hydrobromide, a hydroiodide, a sulfate, a hydrogen sulfate, a nitrate, a phosphate, an acid phosphate;
  • the salt is selected from the group consisting of formate, acetate, trifluoroacetate, propionate, pyruvate, glycolate, oxalate, malonate, fumarate, maleate, Lactate, malate, citrate, tartrate, methanesulfonate, ethanesulfonate, besylate, salicylate, picrate, glutamate, salicylate, ascorbic acid Salt, camphorate, camphor sulfonate.
  • a compound of formula I according to the first aspect of the invention, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate or prodrug thereof, selected from the group consisting of use:
  • the inhibition comprises inhibiting the activity of the m 6 A demethylase FTO on the DNA substrate and/or the activity of the FTO on the RNA substrate.
  • the disease is selected from the group consisting of obesity, metabolic syndrome (MS), type 2 diabetes (Type 2 diabetes, T2D), Alzheimer's disease, breast cancer, small cell lung cancer.
  • MS metabolic syndrome
  • Type 2 diabetes Type 2 diabetes, T2D
  • Alzheimer's disease breast cancer
  • small cell lung cancer Human bone marrow rhabdomyosarcoma, pancreatic cancer, malignant glial cell brain tumor and other cancers.
  • the compound of formula I is administered in combination with a second therapeutic agent in the treatment of a disease associated with FTO activity or expression.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising: (i) an effective amount of a compound of formula I, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof And (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the carrier is a liquid
  • the concentration of the compound of formula (I) in the composition is ⁇ 300 ⁇ M; preferably ⁇ 200 ⁇ M; more preferably ⁇ 100 ⁇ M; Good is ⁇ 30 ⁇ M.
  • the pharmaceutical composition further comprises a second therapeutic agent.
  • a fourth aspect of the invention provides a method of inhibiting the activity of a FTO protein comprising the steps of: administering to a subject, an inhibitory effective amount of a compound of formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to the first aspect of the invention, Or administering an inhibitory effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition of the third aspect of the invention to the subject of inhibition.
  • the coupling reagent is YB(OH) 2 .
  • substituted means that one or more hydrogen atoms on a group are substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy group, halogen, hydroxyl group, carboxyl group (-COOH), C 1 -C 10 aldehyde group, C 2 -C 10 acyl group, C 2 -C 10 ester group, amino group, phenyl group;
  • the phenyl group includes an unsubstituted phenyl group or a substituted phenyl group having 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, cyano, OH, nitro, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, amino.
  • C 1 -C 6 alkyl refers to a straight or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec. Base, tert-butyl, or the like.
  • C 1 -C 6 alkoxy refers to a straight or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy or butoxy. , isobutoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, or the like.
  • carbonyl C 1 -C 6 alkyl refers to a group of the formula "-COO-1 to 6 carbon atoms of a straight or branched alkyl group", for example, carbonyl-methyl, carbonyl-ethyl, carbonyl- Propyl, carbonyl-isopropyl, carbonyl-butyl, carbonyl-isobutyl, carbonyl-sec-butyl, carbonyl-tert-butyl, or the like.
  • C 6 -C 12 aryl refers to an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, including a monocyclic or bicyclic aryl group such as a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, or the like.
  • 3-12 membered heterocyclyl refers to a saturated or unsaturated (including aromatic) ring system having from 3 to 12 members having one or more heteroatoms selected from O, S, N or P.
  • the group such as pyridyl, thienyl, piperidinyl, or the like, is preferably a 4-9 membered heterocyclic group.
  • halogen refers to F, Cl, Br and I.
  • the terms "containing”, “comprising” or “including” mean that the various ingredients may be used together in the mixture or composition of the present invention. Therefore, the terms “consisting essentially of” and “consisting of” are encompassed by the term “contains.”
  • the term "pharmaceutically acceptable” ingredient means a substance which is suitable for use in humans and/or animals without excessive adverse side effects (such as toxicity, irritation, and allergic reaction), that is, a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.
  • the term "effective amount" means an amount of a therapeutic agent that treats, alleviates or prevents a target disease or condition, or an amount that exhibits a detectable therapeutic or prophylactic effect.
  • the precise effective amount for a subject will depend on the size and health of the subject, the nature and extent of the condition, and the combination of therapeutic and/or therapeutic agents selected for administration. Therefore, it is useless to specify an accurate effective amount in advance. However, for a given condition, routine experimentation can be used to determine the effective amount that the clinician can determine.
  • substituted means that one or more hydrogen atoms on the group are substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen, unsubstituted or halogenated C1-C6 alkyl, unsubstituted. Substituted or halogenated C2-C6 acyl, unsubstituted or halogenated C1-C6 alkyl-hydroxy.
  • each of the chiral carbon atoms may be optionally in the R configuration or the S configuration, or a mixture of the R configuration and the S configuration.
  • compound of the invention refers to a compound of formula I.
  • the term also encompasses various crystalline forms, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates or solvates of the compounds of formula I.
  • the present invention provides a compound represented by the following formula (I), and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a prodrug thereof,
  • a 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 are each independently CR' or N;
  • M is selected from the group consisting of CR' 2 , NH, O or S;
  • X has a structure represented by the following formula: a carboxyl group and a bioisostere thereof, a hydroxamic acid group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 12 ester group, a substituted or unsubstituted amide group, a substituted or unsubstituted 3- 12-membered heterocyclic group;
  • Y is selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted C6-C12 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted 3-12 membered heterocyclic;
  • R a , R b , R c , R d are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, -OH, CN, NO 2 , NH 2 , substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, substituted or not Substituted C 1 -C 6 alkoxy;
  • preferred compounds of formula I are selected from the group consisting of
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is preferably a mineral acid salt or an organic acid salt
  • the inorganic acid salt is selected from the group consisting of a hydrochloride salt, a hydrobromide salt, a hydroiodide salt, a sulfate salt, a hydrogen sulfate salt, and a nitrate salt.
  • the organic acid salt is selected from the group consisting of formate, acetate, trifluoroacetate, propionate, pyruvate, glycolate, oxalate, propylene Acid salt, fumarate, maleate, lactate, malate, citrate, tartrate, methanesulfonate, ethanesulfonate, besylate, salicylate, picric acid Salt, glutamate, salicylate, ascorbate, camphorate, camphor sulfonate.
  • the compound of the present invention has excellent inhibitory activity against FTO protein, the compound of the present invention and various crystal forms thereof, pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic salts, hydrates or solvates, and compounds containing the present invention are mainly active.
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the ingredients can be used to treat, prevent, and alleviate diseases associated with FTO activity or expression levels.
  • the compounds of the present invention are useful for the treatment of obesity, metabolic syndrome (MS), type 2 diabetes (T2D), Alzheimer's disease, breast cancer, small cell lung cancer, Human bone marrow rhabdomyosarcoma, pancreatic cancer, malignant glioblastoma and other cancers.
  • compositions of the present invention comprise a safe or effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier.
  • safe and effective amount it is meant that the amount of the compound is sufficient to significantly improve the condition without causing serious side effects.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions contain from 1 to 2000 mg of the compound of the invention per agent, more preferably from 5 to 200 mg of the compound of the invention per agent.
  • the "one dose" is a capsule or a tablet.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” means: one or more compatible solid or liquid fillers or gel materials which are suitable for human use and which must be of sufficient purity and of sufficiently low toxicity. By “compatibility” it is meant herein that the components of the composition are capable of intermingling with the compounds of the invention and with each other without significantly reducing the efficacy of the compound.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are cellulose and its derivatives (such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium ethylcellulose, cellulose acetate, etc.), gelatin, talc, solid lubricants (such as stearic acid).
  • magnesium stearate magnesium stearate
  • calcium sulfate vegetable oil (such as soybean oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, olive oil, etc.), polyol (such as propylene glycol, glycerin, mannitol, sorbitol, etc.), emulsifier (such as ), a wetting agent (such as sodium lauryl sulfate), a coloring agent, a flavoring agent, a stabilizer, an antioxidant, a preservative, a pyrogen-free water, and the like.
  • the mode of administration of the compound or pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and representative modes of administration include, but are not limited to, oral, intratumoral, rectal, parenteral (intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous), and topical administration. .
  • Solid dosage forms for oral administration include capsules, tablets, pills, powders, and granules.
  • the active compound is mixed with at least one conventional inert excipient (or carrier), such as sodium citrate or dicalcium phosphate, or mixed with: (a) a filler or compatibilizer, for example, Starch, lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol and silicic acid; (b) binders, for example, hydroxymethylcellulose, alginates, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sucrose and gum arabic; (c) humectants, For example, glycerin; (d) a disintegrant such as agar, calcium carbonate, potato starch or tapioca starch, alginic acid, certain complex silicates, and sodium carbonate; (e) a slow solvent such as paraffin; (f) Absorbing accelerators, for example, quaternary amine compounds; (g) wetting agents, such as cetyl alcohol and
  • Solid dosage forms such as tablets, dragees, capsules, pills, and granules can be prepared with coatings and shells such as enteric coatings and other materials known in the art. They may contain opacifying agents and the release of the active compound or compound in such compositions may be released in a portion of the digestive tract in a delayed manner. Examples of embedding components that can be employed are polymeric and waxy materials. If necessary, the active compound may also be in microencapsulated form with one or more of the above-mentioned excipients.
  • Liquid dosage forms for oral administration include pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups or elixirs.
  • the liquid dosage form may contain inert diluents conventionally employed in the art, such as water or other solvents, solubilizers and emulsifiers, for example, ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl carbonate, ethyl acetate, propylene glycol, 1 , 3-butanediol, dimethylformamide and oils, especially cottonseed oil, peanut oil, corn germ oil, olive oil, castor oil and sesame oil or a mixture of these substances.
  • inert diluents conventionally employed in the art, such as water or other solvents, solubilizers and emulsifiers, for example, ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl carbonate, ethyl acetate, propylene glycol, 1 , 3-butanediol, dimethyl
  • compositions may contain adjuvants such as wetting agents, emulsifying and suspending agents, sweetening agents, flavoring agents, and flavoring agents.
  • adjuvants such as wetting agents, emulsifying and suspending agents, sweetening agents, flavoring agents, and flavoring agents.
  • the suspension may contain suspending agents, for example, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene sorbitol and sorbitan esters, microcrystalline cellulose, aluminum methoxide and agar or mixtures of these and the like.
  • suspending agents for example, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene sorbitol and sorbitan esters, microcrystalline cellulose, aluminum methoxide and agar or mixtures of these and the like.
  • compositions for parenteral injection may comprise a physiologically acceptable sterile aqueous or nonaqueous solution, dispersion, suspension or emulsion, and a sterile powder for reconstitution into a sterile injectable solution or dispersion.
  • Suitable aqueous and nonaqueous vehicles, diluents, solvents or vehicles include water, ethanol, polyols, and suitable mixtures thereof.
  • Dosage forms for the compounds of the invention for topical administration include ointments, powders, patches, propellants and inhalants.
  • the active ingredient is admixed under sterile conditions with a physiologically acceptable carrier and any preservatives, buffers, or, if necessary, propellants.
  • the compounds of the invention may be administered alone or in combination with other pharmaceutically acceptable compounds.
  • a safe and effective amount of a compound of the invention is administered to a mammal (e.g., a human) in need of treatment wherein the dosage is a pharmaceutically effective effective dosage, for a 60 kg body weight
  • the dose to be administered is usually from 1 to 2000 mg, preferably from 5 to 500 mg.
  • specific doses should also consider factors such as the route of administration, the health of the patient, etc., which are within the skill of the skilled physician.
  • the present invention provides a new class of FTO demethylase inhibitors, the inhibitor may be very low concentrations (IC 50 value generally below 30 uM) inhibition of the activity of the protein FTO.
  • the FTO inhibitor has high selectivity and has only an inhibitory effect on FTO demethylase, and does not inhibit other homologous or superfamily dioxygenase.
  • the FTO inhibitor described has FTO targeting at the cellular level.
  • the FTO protein activity inhibitor of the present invention exhibits a good pharmacokinetic effect in a mouse body model.
  • the experimental reagents in the experiment were mainly purchased from China National Medicine Corporation, sigma and Shanghai Shengong.
  • the second step 3.6 g of 2-(4-bromo-2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino)benzoic acid was dissolved in 200 mL of absolute ethanol, and the mixture was cooled in an ice water bath, and 20 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid was added thereto, and the mixture was heated to 100.
  • the reaction was refluxed at ° C for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reaction system was cooled to room temperature, and concentrated by evaporation to remove ethanol. Water (100 mL) was added to the system, and saturated sodium carbonate was neutralized to cause no bubbles.
  • the organic phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (50 mL ⁇ 3), and the organic phase was combined and washed with a saturated brine. The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated.
  • the third step ethyl 2-(4-bromo-2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino)benzoate 3.0 g (8.0 mmol, 1.0 eq), 2,5-dimethylisoxazole-4- 1.36 g of boric acid (9.6 mmol, 1.2 eq), catalyst Pd(dppf)Cl 2 584 mg (0.8 mmol, 0.1 eq), potassium carbonate 1.68 g (12.0 mmol, 1.5 eq) dissolved in a mixed solvent of dioxane and water 160 mL In (4: 1/v: v), the mixture was heated to 100 ° C for 24 hours.
  • Step 4 Dissolve 1.98 g (4.4 mmol, 1.0 eq) of ethyl 2-((2,6-dichloro-4-(3,5-dimethylisoxazole)phenyl)amino)benzoate.
  • a solution of 880 mg (22 mmol, 5.0 eq) of water in 9 mL of sodium hydroxide was gradually added dropwise thereto under cooling in an ice water bath. After heating to 45 ° C, the reaction was completed overnight. After the reaction was completed, the system was cooled to room temperature, and the organic solvent was removed by concentration.
  • the FTO enzyme activity inhibition reaction system was as follows: 50 mM Tris ⁇ HCl, pH 7.5, 0.3 ⁇ M FTO, 1 ⁇ M 39 nt-m 6
  • a modified double-stranded DNA 300 ⁇ M 2 OG, 280 ⁇ M (NH 4 ) 2 Fe(SO 4 ) 2 , 2 mM L -Ascorbic Acid and different concentrations of compounds were incubated for 2 h at room temperature, slowly inactivated at 65 ° C, and an antisense strand of 1 ⁇ M 39 nt was annealed to form a double strand.
  • 8 ul of the reaction solution was taken, and the double-stranded substrate was digested with a methylation-sensitive enzyme DpnII. The digested sample was detected by 15% non-denaturing polyacrylamide electrophoresis, and the Gel-Red stained gel imaging system was photographed. A gray scale reading suppression rate is obtained for the obtained strip.
  • the following is the inhibition rate of the FTO enzyme activity at a concentration of 50 ⁇ M by the 2-(substituted phenyl)aramic acid represented by the formula (I) and derivatives thereof.
  • Compound Inhibition rate Compound Inhibition rate 1 85% 49 100% 2 80% 52 90% 4 88% 55 100% 6 88% 56 45% 8 90% 57 100% 11 100% 59 100%
  • the inhibitory activity of the compounds of the present application is significantly improved, and the FTO inhibitory activity of some compounds can even reach the nmol level.
  • the solid tumor cell lines such as SCLC-21H, RH30 and KP3 were cultured separately, and the cells were seeded in a 96-well plate at a density of 5,000 cells per well. The cells were cultured until adherence, and different compounds were added for further 72 hours. The cells were directly added to the MTS solution for 10 uL incubation. At 4 h, the absorbance at 490 nm was measured, and the inhibition rate was calculated using the DMSO group as a control.
  • the following is the cytotoxicity, i.e., inhibition rate, of the 2-(substituted phenyl)aramidic acid compound FTO inhibitor represented by the general formula (I) against SCLC-21H, RH30, and KP3 cells at a concentration of 50 ⁇ M and 72 h.

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Abstract

本发明提供了2-(取代苯杂基)芳香甲酸类FTO抑制剂，其制备方法及其应用，具体地，本发明公开了具有如下通式(I)所示的2-(取代苯杂基)芳香甲酸类化合物及其药学上可以接受的盐，水合物或溶剂合物，其可以作为FTO靶点的抑制剂用于治疗以FTO靶点相关的疾病，肥胖、代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome、MS)、II型糖尿病(Type 2diabetes、T2D)、阿尔兹海默症、乳腺癌、小细胞肺癌、人骨髓横纹肌肉癌、胰腺癌、恶性成胶质细胞脑瘤等癌症。

Description

2-(取代苯杂基)芳香甲酸类FTO抑制剂，其制备方法及其应用 技术领域
本发明涉及药物化合物领域，具体地，本发明公开了具有如下通式(I)所示的2-(取代苯杂基)芳香甲酸类化合物及其药学上可以接受的盐或药学上可以接受的溶剂合物，其作为以FTO为靶点的抑制剂，可以治疗以FTO为靶点的疾病，比如肥胖、代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome、MS)、II型糖尿病(Type 2 diabetes、T2D)、阿尔兹海默症、乳腺癌等癌症。
背景技术
脂肪组织与肥胖相关蛋白(fat mass and obesity associated protein)FTO是第一个被发现既具有m 6A(N 6-methyl adenosine,N 6位甲基化腺苷)RNA去甲基化酶活性又可以调控体内代谢过程的蛋白质，Fto基因敲除会导致严重的生长迟缓和多发畸形。除了与肥胖直接相关，FTO还与代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome、MS)、II型糖尿病、阿尔兹海默症等疾病密切相关。最新研究表明，Fto是乳腺癌、恶性成胶质细胞脑瘤等实体瘤发病过程中一个重要的致癌基因，而敲低Fto基因或者降低FTO蛋白的表达则能够有效抑制乳腺癌、恶性成胶质细胞脑瘤等肿瘤细胞的增殖。
综上所述，本领域迫切需要开发特异性靶向FTO的小分子抑制剂，并用于相关疾病的治疗研究。
发明内容
本发明的目的是设计并合成验证了系列特异性靶向FTO的抑制剂，通过抑制FTO酶学的功能或FTO蛋白介导的信号转导过程来达到治疗小细胞肺癌、人骨髓横纹肌肉癌、胰腺癌、恶性成胶质细胞脑瘤等癌症的目的。
本发明的第一方面，提供了一种如下式(I)所示的化合物，及其药学上可接受的盐，水合物，溶剂合物或前药，
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000001
其中，
A 1、A 2、A 3、A 4各自独立地为CR'或N；
M选自下组：CR' 2、NH、O或S；R'选自下组：H、卤素原子、羰基(＝O)、羧基、羟基、氨基、硝基、氰基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氨基、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、取代或未取代的C 1-C 6酰氨基、C 2-C 12酯基、或取代或未取代的C 1-C 10烷基；
X具有如下式所示的结构：羧基、羟肟酸基、取代或未取代的C 2-C 12酯基、取代或 未取代的酰胺基、取代或未取代3-12元杂环基；
Y选自下组：取代或未取代的C 6-C 12的芳基、取代或未取代3-12元杂环基；
R a、R b、R c、R d各自独立地选自下组：H、卤素、-OH、CN、NO 2、NH 2、取代或未取代的C 1-C 6烷基、取代或未取代的C 1-C 6烷氧基；
所述的取代指基团上的一个或多个氢原子被选自下组的取代基取代：卤素原子、羰基(＝O)、羧基、羟基、氨基、硝基、氰基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氨基、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 6酰氨基、C 2-C 12酯基、取代或未取代的C 1-C 10烷基，取代或未取代的C 2-C 10烯基，取代或未取代的C 2-C 10炔基，取代或未取代的C 6-C 10芳基、或取代或未取代的五元或六元杂芳基、3-12元杂环基、3-12元环烷基，优选为C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基或C 1-C 6烷氨基；其中，所述的取代或未取代的C 1-C 10烷基，取代或未取代的C 6-C 10芳基或五元或六元杂芳基的取代基选自下组：卤素原子、羰基(＝O)、羟基、羧基、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、氨基、C 1-C 6酰氨基、硝基、氰基、C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氨基、C 6-C 10芳基或五元或六元杂芳基、3-12元杂环基、3-12元环烷基，优选为卤素原子、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基或苯基、5-6元杂环基。
本发明的第二方面，提供了一种如下式(I)所示的化合物，及其药学上可接受的盐，水合物，溶剂合物或前药，
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000002
其中，
X具有如下式所示的结构：羧基、取代或未取代的C2-C12酯基、取代或未取代的酰胺基、取代或未取代5-9元杂环基；
Y选自下组：取代或未取代的C6-C12的芳基、取代或未取代3-12元杂环基；
所述的取代指基团上的一个或多个氢原子被选自下组的取代基取代：卤素原子、羰基(＝O)、羧基、羟基、氨基、硝基、氰基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氨基、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 6酰氨基、取代或未取代的C 1-C 10烷基，取代或未取代的C 6-C 10芳基或五元或六元杂芳基，优选为C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基或C 1-C 6烷氨基；其中，所述的取代或未取代的C 1-C 10烷基，取代或未取代的C 6-C 10芳基或五元或六元杂芳基的取代基选自下组：卤素原子、羰基(＝O)、羟基、羧基、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、氨基、C 1-C 6酰氨基、硝基、氰基、C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氨基、C 6-C 10芳基或五元或六元杂芳基，优选为卤素原子、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基或苯基。
在另一优选例中，Y不为未取代的苯基。
在另一优选例中，所述的X具有如下式所示的结构：
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000003
其中，各个R 0各自独立地选自下组：氢、取代或未取代的C 1-C 6烷基，取代或未取 代的C 6-C 10芳基、取代或未取代的C 3-C 10环烷基(包括单环、多环、桥环结构)、取代或未取代的C 2-C 6烯基、取代或未取代的C 2-C 6炔基、-OR”、R”选自下组：卤素原子、羧基、羟基、氨基、硝基、氰基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氨基、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 6酰氨基、C 2-C 12酯基、取代或未取代的C 1-C 4烷基-C 6-C 10芳基、取代或未取代的C 1-C 4烷基-5-9元杂环基、或取代或未取代的五元或六元杂芳基；
Y为取代或未取代的苯、取代或未取代的吡啶、取代或未取代的嘧啶、取代或未取代的哒嗪、取代或未取代的四嗪、取代或未取代的三嗪、取代或未取代的吡咯、取代或未取代的噻吩，取代或未取代的呋喃、取代或未取代的四氮唑、取代或未取代的三氮唑、取代或未取代的咪唑、取代或未取代的噻唑、取代或未取代的恶唑、取代或未取代的吡唑、取代或未取代的异噻唑、取代或未取代的异恶唑、取代或未取代的恶二唑、取代或未取代的噻二唑、取代或未取代的萘、取代或未取代的吲哚、取代或未取代的吲唑、取代或未取代的喹啉、取代或未取代的异喹啉、取代或未取代的苯并呋喃、取代或未取代的苯并噻吩、取代或未取代的苯并咪唑、取代或未取代的苯并恶唑、取代或未取代的苯并噻唑、取代或未取代的苯并异噻唑、取代或未取代的苯并异恶唑、取代或未取代的苯并三氮唑、取代或未取代的吗啉、取代或未取代的二氢哌啶、取代或未取代的硫代吗啉、取代或未取代的哌啶、取代或未取代的哌嗪，取代或未取代的四氢吡喃、取代或未取代的二氢吡喃、取代或未取代的吡咯啉、取代或未取代的四氢噻吩、取代或未取代的四氢呋喃、取代或未取代的氧杂环丁烷、取代或未取代的硫杂环丁烷、取代或未取代的氮杂环丁烷。
在另一优选例中，所述的取代基选自下组：卤素原子、羟基、羧基、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、氨基、C 1-C 6酰氨基、硝基、氰基、C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氨基、C 6-C 10芳基或五元或六元杂芳基，优选为卤素原子、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基或苯基。
在另一优选例中，所述的Y选自下组：
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000005
R，R 1，R 2，R 3，R 4，R 5，R 6分别独立地为氢、羰基(＝O)、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氨基、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 6酰氨基、取代或未取代的C 1-C 10烷基，取代或未取代的C 6-C 10芳基或五元或六元杂芳基，优选为H、C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基或C 1-C 6烷氨基；
其中，取代基选自卤素原子、羰基(＝O)、羧基、羟基、氨基、硝基、氰基、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 6酰氨基、C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氨基、C 6-C 10芳基或五元或六元杂芳基，优选为卤素原子、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基或苯基。
在另一优选例中，R a、R b、R c、R d各自独立地选自下组：H、F、Cl、OH、甲基、甲氧基。
在另一优选例中，R a和R b各自独立地为H，或R c和R d各自独立地为H。
在另一优选例中，R a和R b是相同的。
在另一优选例中，R c和R d是相同的。
在另一优选例中，A 2、A 3各自独立地为CR'。
在另一优选例中，所述的X基和Y基为具体实施例中化合物所对应的基团。
在另一优选例中，所述的R，R 1，R 2，R 3，R 4，R 5，R 6为具体实施例中化合物所对应的基团。
在另一优选例中，所述的式I化合物选自化合物1-88。
在另一优选例中，所述的药学上可接受的盐选自下组：无机酸盐、有机酸盐、无机碱盐，或有机碱盐。
在另一优选例中，所述的药学上可接受的盐为碱金属盐，优选为锂盐、钠盐或钾盐。
在另一优选例中，所述无机酸盐选自盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢碘酸盐、硫酸盐、硫酸氢盐、硝酸盐、磷酸盐、酸式磷酸盐；所述有机酸盐选自甲酸盐、乙酸盐、三氟乙酸盐、丙酸盐、丙酮酸盐、羟乙酸盐、乙二酸盐、丙二酸盐、富马酸盐、马来酸盐、乳酸盐、苹果酸盐、柠檬酸盐、酒石酸盐、甲磺酸盐、乙磺酸盐、苯磺酸盐、水杨酸盐、苦味酸盐、谷氨酸盐、水杨酸盐、抗坏血酸盐、樟脑酸盐、樟脑磺酸盐。
本发明的第二方面，提供了一种如本发明第一方面所述式I化合物及其药学上可接受的盐，水合物，溶剂合物或前药的用途，用于选自下组的用途：
(a)制备治疗与FTO蛋白活性或表达量相关的疾病的药物；
(b)制备FTO蛋白活性靶向抑制剂；
(c)体外非治疗性地抑制FTO蛋白活性；和/或
(d)治疗与FTO活性或表达量相关的疾病。
在另一优选例中，所述的抑制包括抑制m 6A去甲基化酶FTO作用于DNA底物的活性和/或FTO作用于RNA底物的活性。
在另一优选例中，所述的疾病选自下组：肥胖、代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome、MS)、II型糖尿病(Type 2diabetes、T2D)、阿尔兹海默症、乳腺癌、小细胞肺癌、人骨髓横纹肌肉癌、胰腺癌、恶性成胶质细胞脑瘤等癌症。
在另一优选例中，在治疗与FTO活性或表达量相关的疾病时，所述的式I化合物与第二治疗剂联合用药。
本发明的第三方面，提供了一种药物组合物，所述的药物组合物包括：(i)有效量的式I化合物，及其药学上可接受的盐，水合物，溶剂合物或前药；和(ii)药学上可接受的载体。
在另一优选例中，所述的载体为液体，且所述的式(I)化合物在所述组合物中的浓度为≤300μM；较佳的为≤200μM；更佳的为≤100μM；最佳的为≤30μM。
在另一优选例中，所述的药物组合物还包括第二治疗剂。
本发明的第四方面，提供了一种抑制FTO蛋白活性的方法，包括步骤：对抑制对象施用抑制有效量的如本发明第一方面所述的式I化合物或其药学上可接受的盐，或对抑制对象施用抑制有效量的如本发明第三方面所述的药物组合物。
本发明的第五方面，提供了一种式I化合物的制备方法，所述方法包括步骤：
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000006
在惰性溶剂中，用式II化合物与偶联试剂进行反应，得到式(I)化合物。
在另一优选例中，所述的偶联试剂为Y-B(OH) 2。
应理解，在本发明范围内中，本发明的上述各技术特征和在下文(如实施例)中具体描述的各技术特征之间都可以互相组合，从而构成新的或优选的技术方案。限于篇幅，在此不再一一累述。
具体实施方式
本发明人经过长期而深入的研究，发现如式(I)所示的一类化合物能够高效、高选择性的抑制FTO蛋白的活性，相较于现有的FTO抑制剂，其活性存在显著的提高。基于上述发现，发明人完成了本发明。
术语
除非特别说明，在本文中，术语“取代”指基团上的一个或多个氢原子被选自下组的取代基取代：C 1～C 10烷基、C 3～C 10环烷基、C 1～C 10烷氧基、卤素、羟基、羧基(-COOH)、C 1～C 10醛基、C 2～C 10酰基、C 2～C 10酯基、氨基、苯基；所述的苯基包括未取代的苯基或具有1-3个取代基的取代苯基，所述取代基选自：卤素、C 1-C 10烷基、氰基、OH、硝基、C 3～C 10环烷基、C 1～C 10烷氧基、氨基。
术语“C 1～C 6烷基”指具有1～6个碳原子的直链或支链烷基，例如甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、或类似基团。
术语“C 1～C 6烷氧基”指具有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷氧基，例如甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、丁氧基、异丁氧基、仲丁氧基、叔丁氧基、或类似基团。
术语“羰基C 1～C 6烷基”指形如“-COO-1～6个碳原子的直链或支链烷基”的基团，例如羰基-甲基、羰基-乙基、羰基-丙基、羰基-异丙基、羰基-丁基、羰基-异丁基、羰基-仲丁基、羰基-叔丁基、或类似基团。
术语“C 6～C 12芳基”指具有6～12个碳原子的芳基，包括单环或二环芳基，例如苯基、萘基，或类似基团。
术语“3-12元杂环基”指具有3-12元的环系上具有一个或多个选自O、S、N或P的杂原子的饱和或非饱和(包括芳香性)环系取代基，如吡啶基、噻吩基、哌啶基，或类似基团，优选为4-9元的杂环基。
术语“卤素”指F、Cl、Br和I。
本发明中，术语“含有”、“包含”或“包括”表示各种成分可一起应用于本发明的混合物或组合物中。因此，术语“主要由...组成”和“由...组成”包含在术语“含有”中。
本发明中，术语“药学上可接受的”成分是指适用于人和/或动物而无过度不良副反应(如毒性、刺激和变态反应)，即有合理的效益/风险比的物质。
本发明中，术语“有效量”指治疗剂治疗、缓解或预防目标疾病或状况的量，或是表现出可检测的治疗或预防效果的量。对于某一对象的精确有效量取决于该对象的体型和健康状况、病症的性质和程度、以及选择给予的治疗剂和/或治疗剂的组合。因此，预先指定准确的有效量是没用的。然而，对于某给定的状况而言，可以用常规实验来确定该有效量，临床医师是能够判断出来的。
在本文中，除特别说明之处，术语“取代”指基团上的一个或多个氢原子被选自下组的取代基取代：卤素、未取代或卤代的C1-C6烷基、未取代或卤代的C2-C6酰基、未取代或卤代的C1-C6烷基-羟基。
除非特别说明，本发明中，所有出现的化合物均意在包括所有可能的光学异构体，如单一手性的化合物，或各种不同手性化合物的混合物(即外消旋体)。本发明的所有化合物之中，各手性碳原子可以任选地为R构型或S构型，或R构型和S构型的混合物。
如本文所用，术语“本发明化合物”指式I所示的化合物。该术语还包括及式I化合物的各种晶型形式、药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂合物。
式I化合物
本发明提供了一种如下式(I)所示的化合物，及其药学上可接受的盐及其前药，
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000007
其中，
A 1、A 2、A 3、A 4各自独立地为CR'或N；
M选自下组：CR' 2、NH、O或S；R'选自下组：H、卤素原子、羰基(＝O)、羧基、羟基、氨基、硝基、氰基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氨基、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、取代或未取代的C 1-C 6酰氨基、C 2-C 12酯基、或取代或未取代的C 1-C 10烷基；
X具有如下式所示的结构：羧基及其生物电子等排体、羟肟酸基、取代或未取代的C 2-C 12酯基、取代或未取代的酰胺基、取代或未取代3-12元杂环基；
Y选自下组：取代或未取代的C6-C12的芳基、取代或未取代3-12元杂环基；
R a、R b、R c、R d各自独立地选自下组：H、卤素、-OH、CN，NO 2，NH 2、取代或未取代的C 1-C 6烷基、取代或未取代的C 1-C 6烷氧基；
所述的取代指基团上的一个或多个氢原子被选自下组的取代基取代：卤素原子、羰基(＝O)、羧基、羟基、氨基、硝基、氰基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氨基、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 6酰氨基、C 2-C 12酯基、取代或未取代的C 1-C 10烷基，取代或未取代的C 2-C 10烯基，取代或未取代的C 2-C 10炔基，取代或未取代的C 6-C 10芳基、或取代或未取代的五元或六元杂芳基、3-12元杂环基、3-12元环烷基，优选为C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基或C 1-C 6烷氨基；其中，所述的取代或未取代的C 1-C 10烷基，取代或未取代的C 6-C 10芳基或五元或六元杂芳基的取代基选自下组：卤素原子、羰基(＝O)、羟基、羧基、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、氨基、C 1-C 6酰氨基、硝基、氰基、C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氨基、C 6-C 10芳基或五元或六元杂芳基、3-12元杂环基、3-12元环烷基，优选为卤素原子、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基或苯基、5-6元杂环基。
本发明中，优选的所述式I化合物选自下组：
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000010
所述的药学上可接受的盐优选为无机酸盐或有机酸盐，且所述无机酸盐选自盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢碘酸盐、硫酸盐、硫酸氢盐、硝酸盐、磷酸盐、酸式磷酸盐；所述有机酸盐选自甲酸盐、乙酸盐、三氟乙酸盐、丙酸盐、丙酮酸盐、羟乙酸盐、乙二酸盐、丙二酸盐、富马酸盐、马来酸盐、乳酸盐、苹果酸盐、柠檬酸盐、酒石酸盐、甲磺酸盐、乙磺酸盐、苯磺酸盐、水杨酸盐、苦味酸盐、谷氨酸盐、水杨酸盐、抗坏血酸盐、樟脑酸盐、樟脑磺酸盐。
药物组合物和施用方法
由于本发明化合物具有优异的对FTO蛋白的抑制活性，因此本发明化合物及其各种晶型，药学上可接受的无机或有机盐，水合物或溶剂合物，以及含有本发明化合物为主 要活性成分的药物组合物可用于治疗、预防以及缓解由与FTO活性或表达量相关的疾病。根据现有技术，本发明化合物可用于治疗以下疾病：肥胖、代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome、MS)、II型糖尿病(Type 2 diabetes、T2D)、阿尔兹海默症、乳腺癌、小细胞肺癌、人骨髓横纹肌肉癌、胰腺癌、恶性成胶质细胞脑瘤等癌症。
本发明的药物组合物包含安全有效量范围内的本发明化合物或其药理上可接受的盐及药理上可以接受的赋形剂或载体。其中“安全有效量”指的是：化合物的量足以明显改善病情，而不至于产生严重的副作用。通常，药物组合物含有1-2000mg本发明化合物/剂，更佳的，含有5-200mg本发明化合物/剂。较佳的，所述的“一剂”为一个胶囊或药片。
“药学上可以接受的载体”指的是：一种或多种相容性固体或液体填料或凝胶物质，它们适合于人使用，而且必须有足够的纯度和足够低的毒性。“相容性”在此指的是组合物中各组份能和本发明的化合物以及它们之间相互掺和，而不明显降低化合物的药效。药学上可以接受的载体部分例子有纤维素及其衍生物(如羧甲基纤维素钠、乙基纤维素钠、纤维素乙酸酯等)、明胶、滑石、固体润滑剂(如硬脂酸、硬脂酸镁)、硫酸钙、植物油(如豆油、芝麻油、花生油、橄榄油等)、多元醇(如丙二醇、甘油、甘露醇、山梨醇等)、乳化剂(如
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000011
)、润湿剂(如十二烷基硫酸钠)、着色剂、调味剂、稳定剂、抗氧化剂、防腐剂、无热原水等。
本发明化合物或药物组合物的施用方式没有特别限制，代表性的施用方式包括(但并不限于)：口服、瘤内、直肠、肠胃外(静脉内、肌肉内或皮下)、和局部给药。
用于口服给药的固体剂型包括胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂、散剂和颗粒剂。在这些固体剂型中，活性化合物与至少一种常规惰性赋形剂(或载体)混合，如柠檬酸钠或磷酸二钙，或与下述成分混合：(a)填料或增容剂，例如，淀粉、乳糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、甘露醇和硅酸；(b)粘合剂，例如，羟甲基纤维素、藻酸盐、明胶、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、蔗糖和阿拉伯胶；(c)保湿剂，例如，甘油；(d)崩解剂，例如，琼脂、碳酸钙、马铃薯淀粉或木薯淀粉、藻酸、某些复合硅酸盐、和碳酸钠；(e)缓溶剂，例如石蜡；(f)吸收加速剂，例如，季胺化合物；(g)润湿剂，例如鲸蜡醇和单硬脂酸甘油酯；(h)吸附剂，例如，高岭土；和(i)润滑剂，例如，滑石、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁、固体聚乙二醇、十二烷基硫酸钠，或其混合物。胶囊剂、片剂和丸剂中，剂型也可包含缓冲剂。
固体剂型如片剂、糖丸、胶囊剂、丸剂和颗粒剂可采用包衣和壳材制备，如肠衣和其它本领域公知的材料。它们可包含不透明剂，并且，这种组合物中活性化合物或化合物的释放可以延迟的方式在消化道内的某一部分中释放。可采用的包埋组分的实例是聚合物质和蜡类物质。必要时，活性化合物也可与上述赋形剂中的一种或多种形成微胶囊形式。
用于口服给药的液体剂型包括药学上可接受的乳液、溶液、悬浮液、糖浆或酊剂。除了活性化合物外，液体剂型可包含本领域中常规采用的惰性稀释剂，如水或其它溶剂，增溶剂和乳化剂，例知，乙醇、异丙醇、碳酸乙酯、乙酸乙酯、丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、二甲基甲酰胺以及油，特别是棉籽油、花生油、玉米胚油、橄榄油、蓖麻油和芝麻油或这些物质的混合物等。
除了这些惰性稀释剂外，组合物也可包含助剂，如润湿剂、乳化剂和悬浮剂、甜味 剂、矫味剂和香料。
除了活性化合物外，悬浮液可包含悬浮剂，例如，乙氧基化异十八烷醇、聚氧乙烯山梨醇和脱水山梨醇酯、微晶纤维素、甲醇铝和琼脂或这些物质的混合物等。
用于肠胃外注射的组合物可包含生理上可接受的无菌含水或无水溶液、分散液、悬浮液或乳液，和用于重新溶解成无菌的可注射溶液或分散液的无菌粉末。适宜的含水和非水载体、稀释剂、溶剂或赋形剂包括水、乙醇、多元醇及其适宜的混合物。
用于局部给药的本发明化合物的剂型包括软膏剂、散剂、贴剂、喷射剂和吸入剂。活性成分在无菌条件下与生理上可接受的载体及任何防腐剂、缓冲剂，或必要时可能需要的推进剂一起混合。
本发明化合物可以单独给药，或者与其他药学上可接受的化合物联合给药。
使用药物组合物时，是将安全有效量的本发明化合物适用于需要治疗的哺乳动物(如人)，其中施用时剂量为药学上认为的有效给药剂量，对于60kg体重的人而言，日给药剂量通常为1～2000mg，优选5～500mg。当然，具体剂量还应考虑给药途径、病人健康状况等因素，这些都是熟练医师技能范围之内的。
本发明的主要优点包括：
(1)本发明提供了一类全新的去甲基化酶FTO抑制剂，所述的抑制剂可以在非常低的浓度(IC 50值通常低于30μM)下抑制FTO蛋白的活性。
(2)所述的FTO抑制剂具有较好的安全性。
(3)所述的FTO抑制剂具有高选择性，只对FTO去甲基化酶有抑制效果，对其他同家族或者是超家族双加氧酶并不产生抑制作用。
(4)所述的FTO抑制剂在细胞水平上具有FTO靶向性。
(5)所述的FTO抑制剂具有血浆稳定性。
(6)本发明的FTO蛋白活性抑制剂在小鼠体模型上表现出良好的药代动力学效应。
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法，通常按照常规条件，例如Sambrook等人，分子克隆：实验室手册(New York:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,1989)中所述的条件，或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。除非另外说明，否则百分比和份数是重量百分比和重量份数。
实验中的实验试剂主要购与中国国药集团，sigma和上海生工。
实施例中提到的化合物编号如下所示：
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000014
以下为通式(I)所示的2-(取代苯杂基)芳香甲酸类化合物抑制FTO酶活性实验。
实施例1
2-(取代苯杂基)芳香甲酸类化合物15和化合物25的制备
化合物25的合成以邻碘苯甲酸和4-溴-2,6-二氯苯胺为起始原料，在无水醋酸铜和N-甲基吗啉的作用下发生Ullman偶联，经历酯化、Suzuki偶联反应，水解可得化合物15，在此基础上羟肟酸化得化合物25，如下图所示：
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000015
第一步：将邻碘苯甲酸30g(120mmol,1.2eq)、2,6-二氯-4-溴苯胺24g(100mmol,1.0eq)、三乙胺(150mmol,1.5eq)和无水乙酸铜9g(5.0mmol,0.5eq)溶于DMF 500mL中，氩气保护下加热至120℃反应24h，反应结束后。降温到室温，加入等体积的水，母液用DCM萃取300mL×3，用水洗涤DMF，有机相旋干，过柱比例由PE:EA＝20:1过渡到PE:EA＝1:1得到黄色固体9.8g。
第二步：将2-(4-溴-2,6-二氯苯基)氨基)苯甲酸3.6g溶解于无水乙醇200mL中，冰水浴冷却下，向其中加入浓硫酸20mL，加热至100℃回流反应12小时。反应结束后，反应体系冷却至室温，旋蒸浓缩除去乙醇，向体系中加水100mL，饱和碳酸钠中和不产生气泡为止。乙酸乙酯萃取有机相50mL×3，合并有机相并用饱和食盐水洗涤10mL×3。无水硫酸钠干燥有机相，过滤，滤液浓缩，硅胶层析柱分离，得白色固体2-(4-溴-2,6-二氯苯基)氨基)苯甲酸乙酯3.1g。
第三步：将2-(4-溴-2,6-二氯苯基)氨基)苯甲酸乙酯3.0g(8.0mmol,1.0eq),2,5-二甲基异恶唑-4-硼酸1.36g(9.6mmol,1.2eq),催化剂Pd(dppf)Cl 2 584mg(0.8mmol,0.1eq),碳酸钾1.68g(12.0mmol,1.5eq)溶于二氧六环和水的混合溶剂160mL(4:1/v:v)中，加热至100℃反应24小时。冷却至室温，旋蒸除去1/2溶剂，用乙酸乙酯萃取50mL×3，合并有机相并用饱和食盐水洗涤10mL×3。无水硫酸钠干燥有机相，过滤，滤液浓缩，硅胶层析柱分离(石油醚：乙酸乙酯20:1)，得白色固体2-((2,6-二氯-4-(3,5-二甲基异恶唑)苯基)氨基)苯甲酸乙酯1.98g。
第四步：将2-((2,6-二氯-4-(3,5-二甲基异恶唑)苯基)氨基)苯甲酸乙酯1.98g(4.4mmol,1.0eq)溶于四氢呋喃36mL和无水乙醇72mL的混合溶剂中，冰水浴冷却下，向其中缓缓滴加氢氧化钠880mg(22mmol,5.0eq)的水9mL溶液。加热至45℃反应过夜，反应结束后，体系冷却至室温，浓缩除去有机溶剂，加入水20mL，置于冰水浴中，用稀盐酸2M调节pH至3，所得悬浊液继续在室温下搅拌30min。抽滤，固体用水冲洗，得白色固体2-((2,6-二氯-4-(3,5-二甲基异恶唑)苯基)氨基)苯甲酸1.6g，即化合物15。
第五步：将2-(4-溴-2,6-二氯苯基)氨基)苯甲酸844mg(2.2mmol,1.0eq)溶于二氯亚砜22mL中，加热至65℃反应两小时。取样反应液加入无水甲醇中，TLC跟踪反应结束，旋蒸至干的黄色固体酰氯，备用。称取盐酸羟胺152mg(2.2mmol,1.0eq)溶于乙酸 乙酯和水的混合液33mL(2:1/v:v)，置于冰水浴中，向其中加入无水碳酸钾608mg(4.4mmol,2.0eq)，室温反应一小时。将新鲜制备的羟胺溶液置于冰水浴中，恒压滴液漏斗缓缓加入酰氯(2.2mmol,1.0eq)的乙酸乙酯10mL溶液，室温反应两小时。旋蒸浓缩，打浆得棕色固体623mg。
其他吡啶、吡嗪母核的2-(取代苯杂基)芳香甲酸类化合物按与实施例1类似的合成方法，用相应的起始原料进行制备。
2-(取代苯杂基)芳香甲酸类化合物的NMR氢谱数据：
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000016
1H NMR(300MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ13.12(s,1H),9.52(s,1H),9.42(s,1H),7.91(d,J＝7.8Hz,1H),7.73(s,2H),7.35(t,J＝7.5Hz,1H),6.80(t,J＝7.4Hz,1H),6.53(s,2H),6.31(d,J＝4.3Hz,2H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000017
1H NMR(300MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ13.15(s,1H),9.51(s,1H),8.03(s,2H),7.91(d,J＝7.8Hz,1H),7.81(s,1H),7.33(d,J＝7.2Hz,1H),6.92(d,J＝2.2Hz,1H),6.79(t,J＝7.5Hz,1H),6.30(d,J＝8.3Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000018
1H NMR(300MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ13.19(s,1H),9.55(s,1H),7.92(d,J＝7.1Hz,3H),7.79(d,J＝7.5Hz,2H),7.47(dq,J＝14.0,7.0Hz,3H),7.35(t,J＝7.8Hz,1H),6.80(t,J＝7.6Hz,1H),6.32(d,J＝8.3Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000019
1H NMR(300MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ13.14(s,1H),9.55(s,1H),7.96–7.85(m,3H),7.40(s,2H),7.35(t,J＝7.9Hz,1H),7.06(s,1H),6.80(t,J＝7.7Hz,1H),6.30(d,J ＝8.4Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000020
1H NMR(300MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ13.23(s,1H),9.61(s,1H),8.69(s,2H),8.10(s,2H),7.92(d,J＝7.7Hz,1H),7.85(d,J＝5.3Hz,2H),7.36(t,J＝7.6Hz,1H),6.82(t,J＝7.6Hz,1H),6.33(d,J＝8.5Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000021
1H NMR(300MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ13.18(s,1H),9.57(s,1H),7.92(d,J＝7.7Hz,1H),7.59(s,2H),7.35(dd,J＝20.3,8.8Hz,5H),6.81(t,J＝7.5Hz,1H),6.34(d,J＝8.4Hz,1H),2.30(s,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000022
1H NMR(300MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ13.17(s,1H),9.51(s,1H),7.91(d,J＝8.1Hz,1H),7.88(s,2H),7.73(d,J＝2.8Hz,1H),7.67(d,J＝5.0Hz,1H),7.34(t,J＝7.8Hz,1H),7.19(dd,J＝5.0,3.7Hz,1H),6.80(t,J＝7.4Hz,1H),6.31(d,J＝8.3Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000023
1H NMR(300MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ9.81(s,1H),9.24(d,J＝8.3Hz,3H),8.14(s,2H),7.93(d,J＝7.7Hz,1H),7.33(t,J＝7.5Hz,1H),6.81(t,J＝7.3Hz,1H),6.31(d,J＝8.3Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000024
1H NMR(300MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ13.09(s,1H),9.53(s,1H),7.91(d,J＝9.0Hz,3H),7.69(d,J＝8.0Hz,2H),7.33(dd,J＝16.2,7.9Hz,3H),6.80(t,J＝7.5Hz,1H),6.31(d,J＝8.3Hz,1H),2.36(s,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000025
1H NMR(300MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ13.24(s,1H),9.57(s,1H),7.98(s,2H),7.91(d,J＝8.0Hz,1H),7.81–7.69(m,2H),7.35(t,J＝7.5Hz,1H),6.81(t,J＝7.5Hz,1H),6.32(d,J＝8.5Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000026
1H NMR(300MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ13.19(s,1H),9.58(s,1H),8.41(s,1H),8.10(s,2H),8.04(d,J＝8.0Hz,2H),8.00–7.85(m,3H),7.63–7.50(m,2H),7.36(t,J＝7.7Hz,1H),6.81(t,J＝7.6Hz,1H),6.35(d,J＝8.5Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000027
1H NMR(300MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ13.16(s,1H),9.50(s,1H),8.70(s,2H),7.91(d,J＝11.1Hz,3H),7.34(t,J＝7.7Hz,1H),6.94(s,2H),6.79(t,J＝7.3Hz,1H),6.28(d,J＝8.4Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000028
1H NMR(300MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ13.35(s,1H),9.52(s,2H),9.48–9.34(m,1H),7.90(d,J＝7.7Hz,1H),7.71(s,2H),7.33(t,J＝7.7Hz,1H),6.79(t,J＝7.6Hz,1H),6.42(s,1H),6.25(d,J＝8.4Hz,1H),3.76(s,2H),2.73(s,2H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000029
1H NMR(300MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ13.18(s,1H),11.39(s,1H),9.59(s,1H),7.93(d,J＝7.9Hz,1H),7.85(s,2H),7.49(s,2H),7.37(t,J＝7.7Hz,1H),7.21(d,J＝6.2Hz,2H),6.81(t,J＝7.4Hz,1H),6.61(s,1H),6.39(d,J＝8.4Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000030
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ13.21(s,1H),9.62(s,1H),7.92(d,J＝7.7Hz,1H),7.68(s,2H),7.37(t,J＝7.6Hz,1H),6.82(t,J＝7.6Hz,1H),6.35(d,J＝8.2Hz,1H),2.47(s,3H),2.29(s,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000031
1H NMR(300MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ13.17(s,1H),9.56(s,1H),7.95(s,2H),7.92(d,J＝7.9Hz,1H),7.84(d,J＝8.6Hz,2H),7.55(d,J＝8.6Hz,2H),7.35(t,J＝7.8Hz,1H),6.81(t,J＝7.5Hz,1H),6.31(d,J＝8.4Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000032
1H NMR(500MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ13.35(s,1H),δ9.54(s,1H),8.24–8.14(m,1H),8.05–7.99(m,1H),7.82–7.77(m,2H),7.70–7.64(m,1H),7.24(dt,J＝7.0,3.8Hz,1H),2.13–2.00(m,3H),1.82–1.65(m,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000033
1H NMR(500MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ13.17(s,1H),δ9.58(s,1H),8.09–8.04(m,1H),7.96–7.91(m,1H),7.82–7.77(m,2H),7.67–7.59(m,2H),7.59–7.55(m,1H),7.26–7.19(m,1H),3.86–3.67(m,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000034
1H NMR(500MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ13.20(s,1H),δ9.52(s,1H),8.15–8.08(m,1H),8.00(dd,J＝5.3,2.2Hz,1H),7.98–7.93(m,2H),7.69–7.61(m,1H),7.28–7.19(m,1H),6.26–6.18(m,1H),2.25–2.05(m,3H),2.05–1.91(m,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000035
1H NMR(500MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ13.19(s,1H),δ9.57(s,1H),8.11–8.04(m,1H),8.03–7.97(m,1H),7.83–7.76(m,2H),7.68–7.58(m,1H),7.25–7.17(m,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000036
1H NMR(500MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ13.25(s,1H),δ9.57(s,1H),8.19–8.07(m,1H),7.99–7.92(m,1H),7.72–7.67(m,2H),7.66–7.60(m,1H),7.32–7.19(m,1H),7.13–7.04(m,1H),7.05–6.96(m,1H),5.62–5.54(m,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000037
1H NMR(400MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ9.90(s,1H),8.04(d,J＝7.2Hz,1H),7.66(s,2H),7.21(t,J＝7.2Hz,1H),6.91(t,J＝7.2Hz,1H),6.42(d,J＝7.6Hz,1H),2.47(s,3H),2.29(s,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000038
1H NMR(500MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ13.35(s,1H),δ9.54(s,1H),8.24–8.14(m,1H),8.05–7.99(m,1H),7.82–7.77(m,2H),7.70–7.64(m,1H),7.24(dt,J＝7.0,3.8Hz,1H),2.13–2.00(m,3H),1.82–1.65(m,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000039
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ13.28(s,1H),9.54(s,1H),7.92(dd,J＝7.9,1.5Hz,1H),7.54(s,1H),7.48(dd,J＝11.0,1.8Hz,1H),7.44–7.36(m,1H),6.84(t,J＝7.5Hz,1H),6.53(dd,J＝8.3,3.9Hz,1H),2.47(s,3H),2.29(s,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000040
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ13.32(s,1H),9.53(s,1H),8.69(s,2H),7.88(dd,J＝37.0,8.4Hz,5H),7.42(t,J＝7.8Hz,1H),6.86(t,J＝7.7Hz,1H),6.62(d,J＝7.7Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000041
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ13.32(s,1H),9.53(s,1H),8.69(s,2H),7.88(dd,J＝37.0,8.4Hz,5H),7.42(t,J＝7.8Hz,1H),6.86(t,J＝7.7Hz,1H),6.62(d,J＝7.7Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000042
1H NMR(500MHz,Chloroform)δ8.38(s,1H),8.08(s,1H),7.92(s,1H),7.62(s,1H),7.22(s,1H),6.75–6.67(m,2H),6.20(s,2H),2.30(s,6H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000043
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ13.32(s,1H),9.53(s,1H),8.69(s,2H),7.88(dd,J＝37.0,8.4Hz,5H),7.42(t,J＝7.8Hz,1H),6.86(t,J＝7.7Hz,1H),6.62(d,J＝7.7Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000044
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ13.32(s,1H),9.53(s,1H),8.69(s,2H),7.88(dd,J＝37.0,8.4Hz,5H),7.42(t,J＝7.8Hz,1H),6.86(t,J＝7.7Hz,1H),6.62(d,J＝7.7Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000045
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ13.32(s,1H),9.53(s,1H),8.69(s,2H),7.88(dd,J＝37.0,8.4Hz,5H),7.42(t,J＝7.8Hz,1H),6.86(t,J＝7.7Hz,1H),6.62(d,J＝7.7Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000046
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ13.34–12.95(m,1H),9.63(s,1H),8.63(s,2H),7.93(d,J＝7.9Hz,1H),7.41(d,J＝7.2Hz,4H),7.32(s,1H),7.22(s,1H),7.07(d,J＝8.3Hz,1H),6.79(t,J＝7.6Hz,1H),2.24(d,J＝7.0Hz,7H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000047
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ13.32(s,1H),9.53(s,1H),8.69(s,2H),7.88(dd,J＝37.0,8.4Hz,5H),7.42(t,J＝7.8Hz,1H),6.86(t,J＝7.7Hz,1H),6.62(d,J＝7.7Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000048
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ13.32(s,1H),9.53(s,1H),8.69(s,2H),7.88(dd,J＝37.0,8.4Hz,5H),7.42(t,J＝7.8Hz,1H),6.86(t,J＝7.7Hz,1H),6.62(d,J＝7.7Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000049
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ13.32(s,1H),9.53(s,1H),8.69(s,2H),7.88(dd,J＝37.0,8.4Hz,5H),7.42(t,J＝7.8Hz,1H),6.86(t,J＝7.7Hz,1H),6.62(d,J＝7.7Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000050
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ13.02(s,1H),7.86(dd,J＝7.7,1.7Hz,1H),7.71(s,2H),7.51–7.42(m,1H),7.18(t,J＝7.1Hz,1H),6.59(d,J＝7.8Hz,1H),2.46(s,3H),2.28(s,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000051
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO)δ13.34–13.01(m,1H),8.06–7.96(m,2H),0.00(s,1H),0.00(t,J＝5.8,5.8Hz,1H),0.00(t,J＝7.5,7.5Hz,1H),0.00(t,J＝7.8,7.8Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000052
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ13.06(s,1H),9.87(s,1H),8.25–8.12(m,2H),7.97(s,1H),7.60(s,2H),6.82(dd,J＝7.6,4.8Hz,1H),2.42(s,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000053
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ10.02(s,1H),8.69(s,2H),8.21(dd,J＝13.1,6.2Hz,2H),8.03(s,2H),7.86(s,2H),6.85(dd,J＝7.6,4.8Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000054
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ13.59(s,1H),9.63(s,1H),8.39(s,1H),8.22(dt,J＝6.8,1.9Hz,2H),7.85(s,2H),7.79(t,J＝1.7Hz,1H),7.13(d,J＝1.1Hz,1H),6.84(dd,J＝7.6,4.9Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000055
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ11.85(s,1H),8.07(s,1H),7.93(s,1H),7.60(s,2H),2.46(s,4H),2.28(s,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000056
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ9.79(s,1H),8.70(d,J＝6.1Hz,2H),8.32(d,J＝2.2Hz,1H),8.15(d,J＝2.3Hz,1H),8.06(s,2H),7.86(d,J＝6.1Hz,2H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000057
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ9.66(s,1H),8.32(d,J＝2.3Hz,1H),8.13(d,J＝2.3Hz,1H),7.99(s,1H),7.63(s,2H),2.42(s,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000058
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ10.36(s,1H),8.40(s,1H),8.21(s,1H),8.05(s,1H),7.86(s,2H),7.79(s,1H),7.13(s,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000059
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ9.87(s,1H),8.69(s,2H),8.09(s,2H),7.86(s,2H),7.64(dd,J＝9.5,3.0Hz,1H),7.22(td,J＝8.8,3.1Hz,1H),6.34(dd,J＝9.0,4.5Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000060
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ13.58(s,1H),9.44(s,1H),9.27(s,2H),9.24(s,1H)8.17(s,2H),7.65(dd,J＝9.4,3.1Hz,1H),7.35–7.21(m,1H),6.35(dd,J＝9.2,4.5Hz1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000061
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ13.60(s,1H),9.37(s,1H),9.28(s,0H),7.93(s,2H),7.89–7.78(m,2H),7.64(d,J＝6.7Hz,1H),7.42–7.16(m,3H),6.39–6.23(m,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000062
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ13.26(s,1H),9.33(s,1H),8.26(s,2H),7.91(s,2H),7.62(dd,J＝9.5,3.2Hz,1H),7.32–7.17(m,1H),6.30(dd,J＝9.2,4.5Hz,1H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000063
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ10.75(s,1H),8.76(d,J＝2.8Hz,1H),8.17(dd,J＝9.3,2.8Hz,1H),7.74(s,2H),6.45(d,J＝9.3Hz,1H),2.48(s,3H),2.30(s,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000064
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ13.49–12.92(m,1H),10.48(s,1H),9.51(s,1H),8.35(d,J＝2.6Hz,1H),7.68(s,2H),7.64(dd,J＝9.0,2.6Hz,1H),7.10(d,J＝15.4Hz,1H),6.64(d,J＝15.4Hz,1H),6.38(d,J＝9.0Hz,1H),2.47(s,3H),2.29(s,3H).
2-(取代苯杂基)芳香甲肟酸类化合物的NMR氢谱：
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000065
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ11.33(s,1H),9.52(s,1H),9.17(s,1H),7.62(s,2H),7.50(d,J＝7.6Hz,1H),7.26(t,J＝7.8Hz,1H),6.79(t,J＝7.5Hz,1H),6.34(d,J＝8.2Hz,1H),2.44(s,3H),2.26(s,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000066
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ11.32(s,1H),9.43(s,1H),7.98(s,1H),7.66(s,2H),7.52(d,J＝7.7Hz,1H),7.26(t,J＝7.8Hz,1H),6.78(t,J＝7.2Hz,1H),6.31(d,J＝8.2Hz,1H),2.42(s,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000067
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ11.33(s,1H),9.49(s,1H),7.53(d,J＝7.6Hz,1H),7.49(s,2H),7.32–7.22(m,1H),6.79(t,J＝7.5Hz,1H),6.34(d,J＝8.3Hz,1H),2.26(s,6H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000068
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ11.38(s,1H),9.47(s,1H),9.22(s,1H),7.52(d,J＝9.3Hz,2H),7.44(d,J＝11.4Hz,1H),7.32(t,J＝7.5Hz,1H),6.84(t,J＝7.3Hz,1H),6.57(dd,J＝8.1,4.7Hz,1H),2.46(s,3H),2.29(s,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000069
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ11.57(s,1H),10.06(s,1H),8.86(s,2H),8.19(s,2H),8.15(s,3H),7.95(d,J＝7.6Hz,1H),6.87(dd,J＝7.4,5.0Hz,1H).
2-(取代苯杂基)芳香酰胺系列化合物的合成步骤及NMR氢谱数据：
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000070
在10mL圆底烧瓶中，加入酸(0.2mmoL,1.0eq),HATU(0.3mmoL,1.5eq)溶于无水DMF(2mL)中，室温搅拌5min，依次加入DIEA(0.6mmoL,3.0eq)，胺(0.4mmoL,2.0eq)。室温反应过夜，向反应体系中加水，即有白色浑浊产生，抽滤、水洗得到酰胺目标产物。
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000071
1H NMR(400MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ10.18(s,1H),8.12(s,1H),7.74(d,J＝7.6Hz,1H),7.63(s,2H),7.51(s,1H),7.27(t,J＝7.6Hz,1H),6.79(t,J＝7.6Hz,1H),6.33(d,J＝8.4Hz,1H),2.45(s,3H),2.27(s,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000072
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ8.72(s,1H),8.14(d,J＝4.7Hz,1H),8.06(d,J＝7.7Hz,1H),7.59(s,2H),6.86(dd,J＝7.7,4.8Hz,1H),2.65–2.53(m,5H),2.45(s,4H),2.28(s,3H),0.98(t,J＝7.1Hz,6H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000073
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ9.85(s,1H),8.53(s,1H),7.65(d,J＝9.0Hz,3H),7.28(t,J＝7.8Hz,1H),6.84(t,J＝7.5Hz,1H),6.36(d,J＝8.2Hz,1H),3.35(d,J＝10.2Hz,4H),2.58(d,J＝22.3Hz,5H),2.46(s,3H),2.28(s,3H),0.99(t,J＝7.1Hz,6H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000074
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ9.72(s,1H),8.53(t,J＝5.5Hz,1H),7.63(d,J＝5.6Hz,3H), 7.28(t,J＝7.7Hz,1H),6.84(t,J＝7.4Hz,1H),6.36(d,J＝8.3Hz,1H),2.46(s,4H),2.28(s,4H),2.11(s,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000075
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ13.08(s,1H),9.71(s,1H),8.49(d,J＝5.7Hz,1H),8.39(s,1H),8.09(s,1H),7.88(s,2H),7.64(d,J＝7.8Hz,1H),7.24(t,J＝7.8Hz,1H),6.79(t,J＝7.2Hz,1H),6.28(d,J＝8.3Hz,1H),2.62–2.53(m,4H),0.99(t,J＝7.1Hz,6H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000076
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ9.88(s,1H),8.67(d,J＝5.3Hz,1H),7.67(d,J＝6.8Hz,1H),7.64(s,2H),6.84(t,J＝7.2Hz,1H),6.36(d,J＝8.1Hz,1H),3.58(t,J＝4.5Hz,4H),3.35–3.27(m,2H),2.46(s,3H),2.36(t,J＝7.0Hz,6H),2.28(s,3H),1.77–1.66(m,2H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000077
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ10.14(s,1H),9.89(s,1H),9.00(s,1H),8.05(s,2H),7.81(d,J＝8.1Hz,1H),7.64(d,J＝7.0Hz,2H),7.31(t,J＝8.3Hz,2H),6.87(t,J＝7.5Hz,1H),6.35(d,J＝8.3Hz,1H),3.67(s,2H),3.24(d,J＝26.4Hz,6H),1.26(d,J＝6.7Hz,6H).
2-(取代苯杂基)芳香酯类系列化合物的合成步骤以及NMR氢谱数据：
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000078
在10mL圆底烧瓶中，加入酸(0.2mmoL,1.0eq),K 2CO 3(0.3mmoL,1.5eq)和无水DMF(2mL)中，加入相应的溴代烃，加热至40℃搅拌过夜。向反应体系中加水，用乙酸乙酯萃取反应体系，合并有机相，依次用水，饱和食盐水洗有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥有机相，浓缩，硅胶柱色谱分离，得到目标产物酯。
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000079
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl 3)δ9.49(s,1H),8.05(dd,J＝8.0,1.5Hz,1H),7.37–7.33(m,1H),7.32(s,2H),6.86–6.81(m,1H),6.44(d,J＝7.7Hz,1H),4.43(q,J＝7.1Hz,2H),2.49(s,3H),2.34(s,3H),1.46(t,J＝7.1Hz,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000080
1H NMR(400MHz,d 6-DMSO)δ9.29(s,1H),7.96(d,J＝6.4Hz,1H),7.68(s,2H),7.51(d,J＝7.8Hz,2H),7.41-7.45(m,4H),6.84(t,J＝7.6Hz,1H),6.36(d,J＝8.0Hz,1H),5.40(s,2H),2.49(s,3H),2.28(s,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000081
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ9.34(s,1H),8.08(dd,J＝8.1,1.5Hz,1H),7.42–7.31(m,3H),6.89–6.81(m,1H),6.45(d,J＝8.5Hz,1H),4.98(d,J＝2.5Hz,2H),2.57(t,J＝2.5Hz,1H),2.49(s,3H),2.35(s,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000082
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ9.34(s,1H),8.08(dd,J＝8.1,1.5Hz,1H),7.42–7.31(m,3H),6.89–6.81(m,1H),6.45(d,J＝8.5Hz,1H),4.98(d,J＝2.5Hz,2H),2.57(t,J＝2.5Hz,1H),2.49(s,3H),2.35(s,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000083
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ9.34(s,1H),8.08(dd,J＝8.1,1.5Hz,1H),7.42–7.31(m,3H),6.89–6.81(m,1H),6.45(d,J＝8.5Hz,1H),4.98(d,J＝2.5Hz,2H),2.57(t,J＝ 2.5Hz,1H),2.49(s,3H),2.35(s,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000084
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ9.34(s,1H),8.08(dd,J＝8.1,1.5Hz,1H),7.42–7.31(m,3H),6.89–6.81(m,1H),6.45(d,J＝8.5Hz,1H),4.98(d,J＝2.5Hz,2H),2.57(t,J＝2.5Hz,1H),2.49(s,3H),2.35(s,3H).
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000085
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ9.34(s,1H),8.08(dd,J＝8.1,1.5Hz,1H),7.42–7.31(m,3H),6.89–6.81(m,1H),6.45(d,J＝8.5Hz,1H),4.98(d,J＝2.5Hz,2H),2.57(t,J＝2.5Hz,1H),2.49(s,3H),2.35(s,3H).
生物实施例1FTO抑制活性测定
通过镍柱亲和层析纯化得到高纯度的FTO蛋白。
FTO酶活抑制反应体系如下：50mM Tris·HCl,pH 7.5,0.3μM FTO,1μM 39nt-m 6A修饰的双链DNA,300μM 2OG,280μM(NH 4) 2Fe(SO 4) 2,2mM L-Ascorbic Acid及不同浓度化合物，室温孵育2h后，65℃缓慢加热失活，加1μM 39nt的反义链DNA退火成双链。取8ul反应液，用甲基化敏感的酶DpnII对双链底物进行酶切，酶切后的样品经15％非变性聚丙烯酰胺电泳检测，Gel-Red染色后凝胶成像系统下拍照，对获得的条带进行灰度的读取抑制率。
以下为通式(I)所示的2-(取代苯杂基)芳香甲酸及其衍生物类在50μM浓度对FTO酶活的抑制率。
化合物(浓度50μM)对FTO的体外抑制率：
化合物 抑制率 化合物 抑制率
1 85％ 49 100％
2 80％ 52 90％
4 88％ 55 100％
6 88％ 56 45％
8 90％ 57 100％
11 100％ 59 100％
12 100％ 62 28％
14 100％ 63 35％
25 46％ 64 68％
28 100％ 65 88％
29 100％ 70 81％
30 100％ 71 70％
31 70％ 73 84％
32 62％ 74 75％
33 63％ 75 58％
36 28％ 80 29％
37 31％ 81 67％
38 100％ 82 29％
39 90％ 22 32％
40 100％ 23 36％
42 79％ 84 34％
44 100％ 85 30％
45 100％ 86 31％
46 100％ 87 31％
47 48％ 88 34％
2-(取代苯杂基)芳香甲酸及其衍生物类FTO抑制剂的酶活抑制IC 50值：
化合物 IC 50(μM)
1 0.7
2 <5
5 <5
10 <1
15 0.06
17 <1
25 <1
26 0.4
27 <1
28 <1
29 <1
30 <1
31 <5
32 <1
33 <1
38 <1
39 <1
45 <5
55 <5
相较于现有的FTO抑制化合物，本申请化合物的抑制活性有非常显著的提升，部分化合物的FTO抑制活性甚至可以达到nmol级。
生物实施例2
以下为通式(I)所示的2-(取代苯杂基)芳香甲酸及其衍生物类FTO抑制剂对实体瘤人小细胞肺癌细胞系(SCLC-21H)，人骨髓横纹肌肉癌细胞系(RH30)以及胰腺癌细胞系(KP3)的细胞毒性研究：
分别培养SCLC-21H、RH30、KP3等实体瘤细胞系，以5000个每孔的密度种细胞于96孔板中，培养细胞至贴壁，加入不同化合物继续培养72小时，直接加入MTS溶液10uL孵育4h，检测490nm处的吸光度值，以DMSO组为对照计算抑制率。
以下为通式(I)所示的2-(取代苯杂基)芳香甲酸类化合物FTO抑制剂在50μM浓度，72h时间点对SCLC-21H、RH30、KP3细胞的细胞毒性，即抑制率。
化合物活性(浓度50μM时的细胞抑制率)汇总：
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000086
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000087
Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-000088
化合物对细胞系KP3的细胞毒性IC 50：
化合物 IC 50(μM)
25 2.9
31 6.2
32 5.6
33 2.2
38 <1
39 2.6
78 8.7
79 2.6
80 2.0
81 <1
82 <1
83 4.7
化合物对细胞系SCLC的细胞毒性IC 50：
化合物 IC 50(μM)
25 2.4
31 7.2
32 2.1
33 7.1
38 4.2
39 7.3
78 5.1
80 <1
79 <1
81 9.2
82 9.9
化合物对细胞系RH30的细胞毒性IC 50：
Compound IC 50(μM)
25 2.9
31 3.6
32 5.3
33 4.1
38 9.2
39 3.2
78 14.7
79 2.6
80 2.0
81 1.3
82 1.6
83 4.7
结果显示，本申请的化合物对于各类实体瘤细胞均有相当好的抑制效果。
在本发明提及的所有文献都在本申请中引用作为参考，就如同每一篇文献被单独引用作为参考那样。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明的上述讲授内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种如下式(I)所示的化合物，及其药学上可接受的盐，水合物，溶剂合物或前药，
    Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-100001
    其中，
    A 1、A 2、A 3、A 4各自独立地为CR′或N；
    M选自下组：CR′ 2、NH、O或S；R′选自下组：H、卤素原子、羰基(＝O)、羧基、羟基、氨基、硝基、氰基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氨基、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、取代或未取代的C 1-C 6酰氨基、C 2-C 12酯基、或取代或未取代的C 1-C 10烷基；
    X具有如下式所示的结构：羧基、羟肟酸基、取代或未取代的C 2-C 12酯基、取代或未取代的酰胺基、取代或未取代3-12元杂环基；
    Y选自下组：取代或未取代的C 6-C 12的芳基、取代或未取代3-12元杂环基；
    R a、R b、R c、R d各自独立地选自下组：H、卤素、-OH、CN、NO 2、NH 2、取代或未取代的C 1-C 6烷基、取代或未取代的C 1-C 6烷氧基；
    所述的取代指基团上的一个或多个氢原子被选自下组的取代基取代：卤素原子、羰基(＝O)、羧基、羟基、氨基、硝基、氰基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氨基、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 6酰氨基、C 2-C 12酯基、取代或未取代的C 1-C 10烷基，取代或未取代的C 2-C 10烯基，取代或未取代的C 2-C 10炔基，取代或未取代的C 6-C 10芳基、或取代或未取代的五元或六元杂芳基、3-12元杂环基、3-12元环烷基，优选为C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基或C 1-C 6烷氨基；其中，所述的取代或未取代的C 1-C 10烷基，取代或未取代的C 6-C 10芳基或五元或六元杂芳基的取代基选自下组：卤素原子、羰基(＝O)、羟基、羧基、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、氨基、C 1-C 6酰氨基、硝基、氰基、C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氨基、C 6-C 10芳基或五元或六元杂芳基、3-12元杂环基、3-12元环烷基，优选为卤素原子、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基或苯基、5-6元杂环基。
  2. 一种如下式(I)所示的化合物，及其药学上可接受的盐，水合物，溶剂合物或前药，
    Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-100002
    其中，
    X具有如下式所示的结构：羧基、取代或未取代的C2-C12酯基、取代或未取代的酰胺基、取代或未取代5-9元杂环基；
    Y选自下组：取代或未取代的C6-C12的芳基、取代或未取代3-12元杂环基；
    所述的取代指基团上的一个或多个氢原子被选自下组的取代基取代：卤素原子、羰基(＝O)、羧基、羟基、氨基、硝基、氰基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氨基、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 6酰氨基、取代或未取代的C 1-C 10烷基，取代或未取代的C 6-C 10芳基或五元或六元杂芳基，优选为C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基或C 1-C 6烷氨基；其中，所述的取代或未取代的C 1-C 10烷基，取代或未取代的C 6-C 10芳基或五元或六元杂芳基的取代基选自下组：卤素原子、羰基(＝O)、羟基、羧基、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、氨基、C 1-C 6酰氨基、硝基、氰基、C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氨基、C 6-C 10芳基或五元或六元杂芳基，优选为卤素原子、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基或苯基。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的化合物，及其药学上可接受的盐，水合物，溶剂合物或前药，其特征在于，所述的X具有如下式所示的结构：
    Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-100003
    其中，各个R 0各自独立地选自下组：氢、取代或未取代的C 1-C 6烷基，取代或未取代的C 6-C 10芳基、取代或未取代的C 3-C 10环烷基(包括单环、多环、桥环结构)、取代或未取代的C 2-C 6烯基、取代或未取代的C 2-C 6炔基、-OR″、R″选自下组：卤素原子、羧基、羟基、氨基、硝基、氰基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氨基、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 6酰氨基、C 2-C 12酯基、取代或未取代的C 1-C 4烷基-C 6-C 10芳基、取代或未取代的C 1-C 4烷基-5-9元杂环基、或取代或未取代的五元或六元杂芳基；
    Y为取代或未取代的苯、取代或未取代的吡啶、取代或未取代的嘧啶、取代或未取代的哒嗪、取代或未取代的四嗪、取代或未取代的三嗪、取代或未取代的吡咯、取代或未取代的噻吩，取代或未取代的呋喃、取代或未取代的四氮唑、取代或未取代的三氮唑、取代或未取代的咪唑、取代或未取代的噻唑、取代或未取代的恶唑、取代或未取代的吡唑、取代或未取代的异噻唑、取代或未取代的异恶唑、取代或未取代的恶二唑、取代或未取代的噻二唑、取代或未取代的萘、取代或未取代的吲哚、取代或未取代的吲唑、取代或未取代的喹啉、取代或未取代的异喹啉、取代或未取代的苯并呋喃、取代或未取代的苯并噻吩、取代或未取代的苯并咪唑、取代或未取代的苯并恶唑、取代或未取代的苯并噻唑、取代或未取代的苯并异噻唑、取代或未取代的苯并异恶唑、取代或未取代的苯并三氮唑、取代或未取代的吗啉、取代或未取代的二氢哌啶、取代或未取代的硫代吗啉、取代或未取代的哌啶、取代或未取代的哌嗪，取代或未取代的四氢吡喃、取代或未取代的二氢吡喃、取代或未取代的吡咯啉、取代或未取代的四氢噻吩、取代或未取代的四氢呋喃、取代或未取代的氧杂环丁烷、取代或未取代的硫杂环丁烷、取代或未取代的氮杂环丁烷。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的化合物，及其药学上可接受的盐，水合物，溶剂合物或前药，其特征在于，所述的Y选自下组：
    Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-100004
    R，R 1，R 2，R 3，R 4，R 5，R 6分别独立地为氢、羰基(＝O)、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氨基、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 6酰氨基、取代或未取代的C 1-C 10烷基，取代或未取代的C 6-C 10芳基或五元或六元杂芳基，优选为H、C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基或C 1-C 6烷氨基；
    其中，取代基选自卤素原子、羰基(＝O)、羧基、羟基、氨基、硝基、氰基、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 6酰氨基、C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、C 1-C 6烷氨基、C 6-C 10芳基或五元或六元杂芳基，优选为卤素原子、C 1-C 6烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基或苯基。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的化合物，及其药学上可接受的盐，水合物，溶剂合物或前药，其特征在于，R a、R b、R c、R d各自独立地选自下组：H、F、Cl、OH、甲基、甲氧基。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的化合物，及其药学上可接受的盐，水合物，溶剂合物或前 药，其特征在于，A 2、A 3各自独立地为CR′。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的化合物，及其药学上可接受的盐，水合物，溶剂合物或前药，其特征在于，所述的式I化合物选自下组：
    Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-100005
    Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-100006
  8. 如权利要求1所述的化合物，及其药学上可接受的盐，水合物，溶剂合物或前药，其特征在于，所述的药学上可接受的盐选自下组：无机酸盐、有机酸盐、无机碱盐，或有机碱盐。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的化合物，及其药学上可接受的盐，水合物，溶剂合物或前 药，其特征在于，所述的药学上可接受的盐为碱金属盐，优选为锂盐、钠盐或钾盐。
  10. 一种如权利要求1所述式I化合物及其药学上可接受的盐，水合物，溶剂合物或前药的用途，其特征在于，用于选自下组的用途：
    (a)制备治疗与FTO蛋白活性或表达量相关的疾病的药物；
    (b)制备FTO蛋白活性靶向抑制剂；
    (c)体外非治疗性地抑制FTO蛋白活性；和/或
    (d)治疗与FTO活性或表达量相关的疾病。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的用途，其特征在于，所述的疾病选自下组：肥胖、代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome、MS)、II型糖尿病(Type 2 diabetes、T2D)、阿尔兹海默症、乳腺癌、小细胞肺癌、人骨髓横纹肌肉癌、胰腺癌、恶性成胶质细胞脑瘤等癌症。
  12. 一种药物组合物，其特征在于，所述的药物组合物包括：(i)有效量的式I化合物，及其药学上可接受的盐，水合物，溶剂合物或前药；和(ii)药学上可接受的载体。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的药物组合物，其特征在于，所述的药物组合物还包括第二治疗剂。
  14. 一种抑制FTO蛋白活性的方法，其特征在于，包括步骤：对抑制对象施用抑制有效量的如权利要求1所述的式I化合物或其药学上可接受的盐，或对抑制对象施用抑制有效量的如权利要求12所述的药物组合物。
  15. 一种式I化合物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括步骤：
    Figure PCTCN2018077795-appb-100007
    在惰性溶剂中，用式II化合物与偶联试剂进行反应，得到式(I)化合物。
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