WO2018155467A1 - メタクリル樹脂組成物およびその用途 - Google Patents
メタクリル樹脂組成物およびその用途 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018155467A1 WO2018155467A1 PCT/JP2018/006118 JP2018006118W WO2018155467A1 WO 2018155467 A1 WO2018155467 A1 WO 2018155467A1 JP 2018006118 W JP2018006118 W JP 2018006118W WO 2018155467 A1 WO2018155467 A1 WO 2018155467A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/13—Phenols; Phenolates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/04—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/10—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial
- B29C55/12—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F120/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F120/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F120/10—Esters
- C08F120/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F120/14—Methyl esters, e.g. methyl (meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F20/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms, Derivatives thereof
- C08F20/10—Esters
- C08F20/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F20/14—Methyl esters, e.g. methyl (meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/14—Methyl esters, e.g. methyl (meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/13—Phenols; Phenolates
- C08K5/134—Phenols containing ester groups
- C08K5/1345—Carboxylic esters of phenolcarboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
- C08L33/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
- C08J2333/06—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08J2333/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
- C08J2333/06—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08J2333/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
- C08J2333/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2433/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2433/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
- C08J2433/06—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08J2433/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
- C08K2003/0812—Aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
- C08K2003/0818—Alkali metal
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a methacrylic resin composition and its use. More specifically, the present invention relates to a methacrylic resin composition having high heat resistance and heat decomposability without causing problems caused by an antioxidant and its use.
- Patent Document 1 is a methacrylic resin composition containing a methacrylic resin containing 99.5% by mass or more of a structural unit derived from methyl methacrylate, and the methacrylic resin is a terminal with respect to the structural unit derived from methyl methacrylate.
- the amount of double bonds is less than 0.03 mol%
- the amount of bonded sulfur atoms relative to the structural unit derived from methyl methacrylate is 0.2 mol% or more
- the melt flow rate under the conditions of 230 ° C. and 3.8 kg load is The methacrylic resin composition which is 8 g / 10min or more is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 a monomer mixture consisting of 90 to 100% by mass of methyl methacrylate and 0 to 10% by mass of an alkyl acrylate ester having 1 to 8 carbon atoms copolymerizable with methyl methacrylate is polymerized.
- a methacrylic polymer obtained, wherein the ratio of polymer terminal double bonds is 5% or less is disclosed.
- Patent Document 3 is a polymer obtained by directly polymerizing a monomer containing a methacrylic acid ester, and a syndiotactic methacrylic acid ester polymer having a ratio of rr3 adrenals of 98% or more is 1% by mass or more. Disclosed is a polymer composition characterized by comprising.
- the syndiotacticity (rr) in triplet representation is 58% or more, the content of structural units derived from methyl methacrylate is 90% by mass or more, and the weight average molecular weight is 30,000 to 200,000.
- a resin composition comprising a methacrylic resin (A) and an aromatic vinyl copolymer (B) having a content of structural units derived from an aromatic vinyl monomer of 20% by mass or more.
- the resin composition has a weight average molecular weight of 50,000 to 180,000 and a content of components having a molecular weight of less than 15,000 is 0.2 to 10% by mass.
- the syndiotacticity (rr) in triplet display is 58% or more, the weight average molecular weight is 50,000 to 150,000, and the content of components having a molecular weight of 200,000 or more is 0.1 to 10%.
- a thermoplastic resin film having a methacrylic resin (A) content of 80 to 1 part by mass and a vinyl acetal resin (B) content of 20 to 99 parts by mass with respect to a total amount of 100 parts by mass. is doing.
- a methacrylic resin having no terminal double bond is usually produced by an anionic polymerization method.
- a metal element such as lithium is used as a polymerization initiator.
- Hindered phenols and phosphorus-based antioxidants may be added to suppress thermal degradation when molding a methacrylic resin.
- the methacrylic resin composition described in the above patent document still has insufficient points in industrial production.
- the addition of an antioxidant to meet the demand for heat decomposability may decrease transparency, cause glazing on the die, and cause dirt on the mold.
- bleedout of antioxidants may occur.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a methacrylic resin composition having high heat resistance and heat decomposability and a use thereof that are free from defects caused by an antioxidant.
- the present invention includes the following forms.
- a pellet-shaped molding material comprising the methacrylic resin composition according to any one of [1] to [5].
- a molded article comprising the methacrylic resin composition according to any one of [1] to [5].
- a film comprising the methacrylic resin composition according to any one of [1] to [5].
- the film according to [8] having a thickness of 10 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the film according to [8] or [9] which is uniaxially or biaxially stretched 1.5 to 8 times in area ratio.
- the methacrylic resin composition of the present invention is free from defects caused by antioxidants and has high heat resistance and heat decomposition resistance.
- a molded article made of the methacrylic resin composition of the present invention for example, a film, is excellent in transparency and excellent in thermal decomposition resistance.
- the film of the present invention is less likely to cause strength deterioration due to heat, coloring due to heat, dimensional variation due to heat (such as variation in retardation in a phase difference plate), and bleeding out of additives.
- the methacrylic resin composition of the present invention comprises a methacrylic resin, a metal element having an atomic number of 20 or less, and a hindered phenol antioxidant.
- the amount of terminal double bonds is less than 0.012 mol%, preferably less than 0.011 mol%.
- the amount of terminal double bonds of methacrylic resin is a value D p which is determined as follows.
- a methacrylic resin is dissolved in deuterated chloroform to a concentration of 15 to 20% by mass to obtain a solution.
- 10% by weight of tris (6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octanedinate) europium is added to the solution based on the weight of the methacrylic resin. Added.
- the solution is integrated and measured by 1 H-NMR over 12 hours.
- the amount of the terminal double bond can be controlled by adjusting the polymerization method, the amount of the polymerization initiator and the chain transfer agent used, the temperature during the polymerization reaction, and the time for the polymerization. For example, in radical polymerization, reducing the amount of the polymerization initiator, increasing the amount of the chain transfer agent, lowering the temperature during the polymerization reaction, and increasing the time used for the polymerization are the terminal double bonds. This is preferable in reducing the amount of the sucrose. Also. In the anionic polymerization, the terminal double bond can be eliminated by using an active proton as a terminator.
- the amount of bonded sulfur atoms in the methacrylic resin used in the present invention is preferably less than 0.25 mol%, more preferably less than 0.15 mol%.
- the amount of bound sulfur atom methacrylic resin is a value S p which is determined as follows. A methacrylic resin is dissolved in chloroform to obtain a solution. This solution is added to n-hexane to obtain a precipitate. The precipitate is dried under vacuum at 80 ° C. for at least 12 hours. An appropriate amount of the obtained dried product is accurately weighed, set in a sulfur combustion apparatus, decomposed in a reaction furnace having a temperature of 400 ° C., the generated gas is passed through a furnace having a temperature of 900 ° C., and then 0.3% hydrogen peroxide solution Absorb with.
- the obtained liquid (decomposition gas aqueous solution) is appropriately diluted with pure water, and sulfate ions are quantified by ion chromatography (ICS-1500, manufactured by DIONEX, column: AS12A).
- ICS-1500 ion chromatography
- the mass Wp (mass%) of sulfur atoms per mass of the dried product is calculated.
- the amount S p (mol%) of the bonded sulfur atom is calculated by the following formula.
- S p W p ⁇ (100/32)
- the amount of bonded sulfur atoms can be controlled by adjusting the amount of sulfur-containing compounds such as a polymerization method or a sulfur chain transfer agent or a persulfate polymerization initiator.
- the bonded sulfur atom is preferably bonded to the end of the methacrylic resin in the form of a sulfide group.
- the lower limit of the triplet syndiotacticity (rr) is 50%, preferably 52%, more preferably 55%, and still more preferably 64%.
- the upper limit of the tridentated syndiotacticity (rr) of the methacrylic resin used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 99%, more preferably 85%, and still more preferably 77 from the viewpoint of productivity. %, More preferably 75%, and most preferably 74%.
- a triplet display syndiotacticity (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “syndiotacticity (rr)”) is a chain of three consecutive structural units (triplet, triad).
- the two chains (doublet, dad) that are included are the ratio of racemo (denoted as rr).
- meo those having the same configuration
- racemo those opposite to each other
- m and r are expressed as m and r, respectively.
- the syndiotacticity (rr) (%) indicated by the triplet is 0.6 to 0 when the 1 H-NMR spectrum is measured at 30 ° C. in deuterated chloroform and TMS is set to 0 ppm from the spectrum.
- the area (A X ) of the .95 ppm region and the area (A Y ) of the 0.6 to 1.35 ppm region can be measured and calculated by the formula: (A X / A Y ) ⁇ 100.
- the glass transition temperature of the methacrylic resin used in the present invention is preferably 100 ° C. or higher, more preferably 110 ° C. or higher, still more preferably 120 ° C. or higher, and particularly preferably 122 ° C. or higher.
- the upper limit of the glass transition temperature of the methacrylic resin used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 131 ° C.
- the glass transition temperature is a midpoint glass transition temperature obtained from a DSC curve.
- the DSC curve shows that the resin to be measured is heated to 230 ° C. using a differential scanning calorimeter in accordance with JIS K7121, then cooled to room temperature, and then from room temperature to 230 ° C. at 10 ° C./min. This is obtained by differential scanning calorimetry at the second temperature rise when the temperature is raised.
- the methacrylic resin used in the present invention has a weight average molecular weight Mw of preferably 50,000 to 200,000, more preferably 550,000 to 160,000, still more preferably 60,000 to 120,000.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- strength of a molded article to become high, so that the weight average molecular weight Mw of a methacryl resin becomes large.
- surface smoothness of a molded article to become favorable, so that the weight average molecular weight Mw of a methacryl resin becomes small.
- the weight average molecular weight Mw is a value determined as follows. Set the TLC gel SuperMultipore HZM-M and SuperHZ4000 connected in series to Tosoh Corporation HLC-8320 equipped with a differential refractive index detector (RI detector). Is set to 40 ° C., and tetrahydrofuran is used as an eluent, and is allowed to flow at 0.35 ml / min. A solution is obtained by dissolving 4 mg of methacrylic resin in 5 ml of tetrahydrofuran. 20 ⁇ l of this solution is injected and the chromatogram is measured. Standard polystyrene is measured under the same conditions as described above, and a calibration curve is prepared for a molecular weight range of 400 to 5000000. Based on this calibration curve, the weight average molecular weight of the methacrylic resin is calculated.
- RI detector differential refractive index detector
- the content of the structural unit derived from methyl methacrylate is preferably 90% by mass or more, more preferably 95% by mass or more, further preferably 98% by mass or more, and still more preferably 99%. % By mass or more, most preferably 100% by mass.
- the methacrylic resin may randomly contain structural units derived from monomers other than methyl methacrylate in the molecular chain.
- monomers other than methyl methacrylate include, for example, alkyl methacrylates other than methyl methacrylate such as ethyl methacrylate and butyl methacrylate; aryl methacrylates such as phenyl methacrylate; cyclohexyl methacrylate, and methacrylic acid.
- Methacrylic acid cycloalkyl esters such as norbornenyl; acrylic acid alkyl esters such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate; aryl acrylates such as phenyl acrylate; acrylic Acrylic acid cycloalkyl esters such as cyclohexyl acid and norbornenyl acrylate; Aromatic vinyl compounds such as styrene and ⁇ -methylstyrene; Acrylamide; Methacrylamide; Rironitoriru; methacrylonitrile; polymerizable carbon in one molecule, such as a - can be exemplified a vinyl monomer having only one carbon-carbon double bond.
- the method for producing the methacrylic resin is not particularly limited, but anionic solution polymerization is preferred from the viewpoint of good heat resistance and heat decomposability.
- the methyl (meth) acrylate and other monomers used in the production of methacrylic resin should be sufficiently dried in advance under an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen, argon, helium, etc. to facilitate the polymerization reaction. It is preferable from the point of proceeding.
- a dehydrating agent or a desiccant such as calcium hydride, molecular sieves or activated alumina is preferably used.
- the solvent used in the production of the methacrylic resin by the anionic solution polymerization method is not particularly limited as long as it does not adversely affect the reaction.
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, n-hexane, and octane; cyclopentane, methylcyclopentane
- Cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane and ethylcyclohexane
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene
- ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, anisole and diphenyl ether Etc.
- solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- aromatic hydrocarbons are preferable, and toluene and xylene are particularly preferable from the viewpoints of high solubility of the methacrylic resin to be produced, easy recovery and purification of the solvent, and difficulty in mixing into wastewater.
- the solvent is purified by deaeration, dehydration or the like before use from the viewpoint of allowing the polymerization reaction to proceed smoothly.
- An anionic polymerization initiator can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- organic lithium compound examples include methyl lithium, ethyl lithium, n-propyl lithium, isopropyl lithium, n-butyl lithium, s-butyl lithium, isobutyl lithium, t-butyl lithium, n-pentyl lithium, n-hexyl lithium, Alkyllithiums and alkyldilithiums such as tetramethylenedilithium, pentamethylenedilithium, hexamethylenedilithium; aryllithiums and aryldilithiums such as phenyllithium, m-tolyllithium, p-tolyllithium, xylyllithium, lithium naphthalene; Benzyllithium, diphenylmethyllithium, trityllithium, 1,1-diphenyl-3-methylpentyllithium, ⁇ -methylstyryllithium, diisopropenylbenzene Aralkyllithium and
- n-butyllithium, s-butyllithium, t-butyllithium, diphenylmethyllithium, 1,1-diphenyl-3-methylpentyllithium, and ⁇ -methylstyryllithium are particularly preferable.
- a compound having an anionizable site may be anionized with an anionic polymerization initiator such as an organolithium compound and used as a polymerization initiator in the production of a methacrylic resin by an anion solution polymerization method.
- an anionic polymerization initiator such as an organolithium compound
- examples of the compound having a site capable of anionization include a linear or cyclic conjugated diene compound, a vinyl aromatic compound, and (meth) acrylic acid amide.
- An arbitrary polymer having an anionizable site is anionized with an anionic polymerization initiator such as an organolithium compound, which is sometimes referred to as a polymerization initiator (living polymer) in the production of a methacrylic resin by an anion solution polymerization method. ).
- anionizable site examples include a unit derived from a linear or cyclic conjugated diene compound, a unit derived from a vinyl aromatic compound, and a unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid amide.
- a living polymer is used as a polymerization initiator, a graft copolymer can be obtained.
- poly (p-methylstyrene) dissolved in cyclohexane under an inert gas atmosphere can be reacted with s-butyllithium in the presence of N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylethylenediamine,
- poly (p-methylstyrene) in which an appropriate amount of the methyl group is anionized can be obtained, and a graft copolymer can be obtained by using this as a polymerization initiator.
- the amount of the anionic polymerization initiator used is not particularly limited, but the concentration in the polymerization reaction solution is preferably 0.1 to 100 mmol / l, more preferably 1 to 10 mmol / l.
- an anionic polymerization initiator In the production of a methacrylic resin by an anionic solution polymerization method, it is preferable to use an anionic polymerization initiator and an organoaluminum compound in combination.
- an organoaluminum compound a compound represented by the formula (I) (hereinafter referred to as Al compound (I)) is preferably used.
- Al compound (I) a compound represented by the formula (I) (hereinafter referred to as Al compound (I)) is preferably used.
- AlR 3 R 4 R 5 (I) In the formula, R 3 , R 4 and R 5 each independently have an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an cycloalkyl group which may have a substituent, or a substituent.
- R 4 represents an aryl group, an aralkyl group which may have a substituent, an alkoxyl group which may have a substituent, an aryloxy group which may have a substituent, or an N, N-disubstituted amino group.
- R 5 together may be an aryleneoxy group which may have a substituent.
- the Al compound (I) is preferably an aryloxy group in which at least one of R 3 , R 4 and R 5 may have a substituent, R 3 , R More preferably, two of 4 and R 5 are aryloxy groups which may have a substituent.
- the aryloxy group which may have a substituent include a phenoxy group, a 2-methylphenoxy group, a 4-methylphenoxy group, a 2,6-dimethylphenoxy group, and a 2,4-di-t-butylphenoxy group.
- 2,6-di-t-butylphenoxy group 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenoxy group, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-ethylphenoxy group, 2,6-diphenyl Examples include a phenoxy group and a 7-methoxy-2-naphthoxy group.
- R 2 and R 3 together may be an aryleneoxy group.
- Al compound (I) examples include diethyl (2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenoxy) aluminum, diethyl (2,6-di-t-butylphenoxy) aluminum, diisobutyl (2,6 -Di-t-butyl-4-methylphenoxy) aluminum, diisobutyl (2,6-di-t-butylphenoxy) aluminum, di-n-octyl (2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenoxy) aluminum Di-n-octyl (2,6-di-t-butylphenoxy) aluminum, ethylbis (2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenoxy) aluminum, ethylbis (2,6-di-t-butylphenoxy) ) Aluminum, ethyl [2,2′-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-t-butylphenoxy)] aluminum, isobutylbis ( 2,6-di-t-butyl
- the amount (mol) of Al compound (I) used is not particularly limited.
- the usage amount (mol) of the Al compound (I) is larger than the usage amount (mol) of the polymerization initiator, and the difference between the usage amount (mol) of the Al compound (I) and the usage amount (mol) of the polymerization initiator.
- the total amount (mole) of methyl methacrylate and other monomers is preferably controlled so as to be a molar ratio of 15 to 80, more preferably 15 to 70, still more preferably 20 to 50,
- the production of a methacrylic resin by an anionic solution polymerization method is preferably carried out in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as nitrogen, argon or helium.
- additives can be added to the reaction system as necessary from the viewpoint of maintaining high living properties and allowing the polymerization to proceed rapidly.
- additives include ethers such as dimethyl ether, dimethoxyethane, diethoxyethane, and 12-crown-4; triethylamine, N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylethylenediamine, N, N, N ′, N ′′ , N ′′ -pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, 1,1,4,7,10,10-hexamethyltriethylenetetramine, pyridine, 2,2′-dipyridyl, and the like; triethylphosphine, triphenylphosphine, 1, Organic phosphorus compounds such as 2-bis (diphenylphosphino) ethane; inorganic salts such as lithium chloride, sodium chloride and potassium chloride; alkali metal alkoxides such as
- additives may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- ethers and organic nitrogen-containing compounds are preferred.
- the organic nitrogen-containing compound is preferably used because it can maintain high living property with a small amount of addition and can advance the polymerization quickly, and is excellent in simplification of the solvent recovery process and reduction in load of wastewater treatment.
- the amount of the additive used is not particularly limited, but the concentration in the polymerization reaction solution is preferably 0.1 to 100 mmol / l, more preferably 1 to 10 mmol / l.
- the anionic polymerization reaction is preferably stopped by adding a polymerization terminator.
- the polymerization terminator include compounds having active hydrogen such as water, methanol, acetic acid and hydrochloric acid.
- a polymerization terminator can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the polymerization terminator may be used in the form of an aqueous solution or an organic solvent solution.
- the amount of the polymerization terminator used is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 1 to 100 times mol with respect to the total amount of the polymerization initiator and the organoaluminum compound.
- the metal element having an atomic number of 20 or less contained in the methacrylic resin composition of the present invention is Li, Be, Na, Mg, Al, K, and / or Ca, and preferably Li and / or Al.
- the metal element having an atomic number of 20 or less can be contained by adding a predetermined organometallic compound when preparing the methacrylic resin composition of the present invention.
- organometallic compounds added organolithium compounds and organoaluminum compounds are particularly preferred.
- the lower limit of the amount of the metal element having an atomic number of 20 or less contained in the methacrylic resin composition is 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 parts by mass (0.05 ppm), preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 with respect to 100 parts by mass of the methacrylic resin.
- Parts by mass (0.1 ppm), more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 parts by mass (1 ppm), more preferably 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 parts by mass (2 ppm), even more preferably 4 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 parts by mass (4 ppm)
- the upper limit is 9 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 parts by mass (90 ppm), preferably 8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 parts by mass (80 ppm), more preferably 4 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 parts by mass (100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of methacrylic resin).
- 40 ppm more preferably 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 parts by mass (20 ppm).
- the amount of Al element contained in the methacrylic resin composition is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 to 8.9 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 parts by mass, more preferably 1.9 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 parts per 100 parts by mass of the methacrylic resin. It is ⁇ 3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 parts by mass, more preferably 3.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 to 2.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 parts by mass.
- the amount of Li element contained in the methacrylic resin composition is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 to 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 parts by mass, more preferably 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 to 3 ⁇ 10, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the methacrylic resin.
- the amount of the metal element with an atomic number of 20 or less contained in the methacrylic resin composition is the amount of the metal element with an atomic number of 20 or less originally contained in the methacrylic resin and the atomic number of 20 added when preparing the methacrylic resin composition. It is the total amount with the amount of the following metal elements.
- a metal element having an atomic number of 20 or less improves the transparency and thermal decomposition resistance of a molded article by a synergistic effect with a small amount of a hindered phenol antioxidant.
- the content of the metal element having an atomic number of 20 or less is a value determined as follows.
- the methacrylic resin composition 0.15 g is added to 10 ml of sulfuric acid and irradiated with microwaves at 220 ° C. for 25 minutes. After allowing to cool, ion-exchanged water is added to the solution to obtain a 20 ml solution.
- This solution is calculated by quantitative analysis by ICP emission spectroscopy.
- the content of the metal element having an atomic number of 20 or less is the type and amount of the monomer, polymerization initiator, organoaluminum compound used in combination with the polymerization initiator, polymerization terminator, etc. used in the production of the methacrylic resin. It can be adjusted according to the degree of purification performed after the production of the methacrylic resin. The adjustment of the degree of purification is not particularly limited as long as the content of the metal element having an atomic number of 20 or less determined by the quantitative analysis is within the above range.
- the hindered phenolic antioxidant used in the methacrylic resin composition of the present invention is a substance having a phenolic hydroxyl group that receives radicals generated by reaction with oxygen and changes to stable phenoxy radicals, and is a thermoplastic resin. It has been used conventionally for preventing oxidation.
- antioxidant 2,6-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) -4-methylphenol (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd .; BHT), 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4- Hydroxytoluene, pentaerythrityl-tetrakis [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] (manufactured by BASF; trade name IRGANOX1010), octadecyl-3- (3,5-di- Tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate (manufactured by BASF; trade name IRGANOX1076) is preferred.
- a hindered phenol antioxidant having a molecular weight of 300 or less is particularly preferred because it has high sublimation properties and reduces roll stains due to bleeding out.
- the amount of the hindered phenolic antioxidant contained in the methacrylic resin composition is 0.025 to 0.50 parts by mass, preferably 0.028 to 0.18 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the methacrylic resin.
- the amount is preferably 0.03 to 0.15 parts by mass.
- the methacrylic resin composition of the present invention may contain an antioxidant other than the hindered phenol antioxidant.
- the antioxidant other than the hindered phenol antioxidant include a phosphorus antioxidant and a thioether antioxidant.
- the methacrylic resin composition of the present invention is within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention, and includes a heat deterioration inhibitor, a light stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a lubricant, a release agent, a polymer processing aid, an antistatic agent, and a flame retardant , Dyes, pigments, light diffusing agents, organic dyes, matting agents, impact resistance modifiers, and other additives such as phosphors.
- the thermal degradation inhibitor can prevent thermal degradation of the resin by scavenging polymer radicals generated when exposed to high heat in a substantially oxygen-free state.
- the thermal degradation inhibitor 2-t-butyl-6- (3′-tert-butyl-5′-methyl-hydroxybenzyl) -4-methylphenyl acrylate (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd .; trade name Sumilyzer GM), 2 , 4-di-t-amyl-6- (3 ′, 5′-di-tert-amyl-2′-hydroxy- ⁇ -methylbenzyl) phenyl acrylate (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd .; trade name Sumilyzer GS) is preferred.
- the light stabilizer is a compound that is said to have a function of trapping radicals generated mainly by oxidation by light.
- Suitable light stabilizers include hindered amines such as compounds having a 2,2,6,6-tetraalkylpiperidine skeleton.
- the ultraviolet absorber is a compound that is said to have a function of mainly converting light energy into heat energy.
- examples of the ultraviolet absorber include benzophenones, benzotriazoles, triazines, benzoates, salicylates, cyanoacrylates, succinic anilides, malonic esters, formamidines, and the like. These may be used individually by 1 type, or may be used in combination of 2 or more type. Among these, benzotriazoles (compounds having a benzotriazole skeleton) and triazines (compounds having a triazine skeleton) are preferable. Benzotriazoles or triazines have a high effect of suppressing resin degradation (for example, yellowing) due to ultraviolet rays.
- benzotriazoles examples include 2- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenol (manufactured by BASF; trade name TINUVIN329), 2- (2H- Benzotriazol-2-yl) -4,6-bis (1-methyl-1-phenylethyl) phenol (manufactured by BASF; trade name TINUVIN234), 2,2′-methylenebis [6- (2H-benzotriazole-2 -Yl) -4-tert-octylphenol] (manufactured by ADEKA; LA-31), 2- (5-octylthio-2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol be able to.
- triazines examples include 2,4,6-tris (2-hydroxy-4-hexyloxy-3-methylphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine (manufactured by ADEKA; LA-F70) and its analogs.
- Certain hydroxyphenyl triazine-based ultraviolet absorbers manufactured by BASF; CGL777, TINUVIN460, TINUVIN479, etc.
- 2,4-diphenyl-6- (2-hydroxy-4-hexyloxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, etc. Can be mentioned.
- an ultraviolet absorber having a maximum molar extinction coefficient ⁇ max at wavelengths of 380 to 450 nm of 1200 dm 3 ⁇ mol ⁇ 1 cm ⁇ 1 or less can be preferably used.
- examples of such an ultraviolet absorber include 2-ethyl-2′-ethoxy-oxalanilide (manufactured by Clariant Japan, trade name: Sundebore VSU).
- lubricant examples include stearic acid, behenic acid, stearamide acid, methylene bisstearamide, hydroxystearic acid triglyceride, paraffin wax, ketone wax, octyl alcohol, and hardened oil.
- the mold release agent is a compound having a function of easily peeling the resin molded product from the molding die.
- the mold release agent include higher alcohols such as cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol; glycerin higher fatty acid esters such as stearic acid monoglyceride and stearic acid diglyceride.
- the mass ratio of higher alcohols / glycerin fatty acid monoester is preferably 2.5 / 1 to 3.5 / 1, and preferably 2.8. More preferably, it is used in the range of / 1 to 3.2 / 1.
- the polymer processing aid examples include polymer particles having a particle diameter of 0.05 to 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the polymer particles can be produced by an emulsion polymerization method.
- the polymer particles may be single layer particles composed of polymers having a single composition ratio and single intrinsic viscosity, or multilayer particles composed of two or more kinds of polymers having different composition ratios or intrinsic viscosities. Also good.
- particles having a two-layer structure having a polymer layer having a low intrinsic viscosity in the inner layer and a polymer layer having a high intrinsic viscosity of 5 dl / g or more in the outer layer are preferable.
- the polymer processing aid preferably has an intrinsic viscosity of 3 to 6 dl / g.
- the impact resistance modifier examples include a core-shell type modifier containing acrylic rubber or diene rubber as a core layer component; a modifier containing a plurality of rubber particles.
- the organic dye a compound having a function of converting ultraviolet rays that are harmful to the resin into visible light is preferably used.
- the light diffusing agent and matting agent include glass fine particles, polysiloxane-based crosslinked fine particles, crosslinked polymer fine particles, talc, calcium carbonate, and barium sulfate.
- the phosphor examples include a fluorescent pigment, a fluorescent dye, a fluorescent white dye, a fluorescent brightener, and a fluorescent bleach.
- additives may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Moreover, these additives may be added to the polymerization reaction liquid when producing the methacrylic resin, may be added to the produced methacrylic resin, or added when preparing the methacrylic resin composition. May be.
- the total amount of other additives contained in the methacrylic resin composition of the present invention is preferably 7 masses with respect to 100 parts by mass of the methacrylic resin from the viewpoint of suppressing poor appearance of the resulting molded product (particularly a film). Part or less, more preferably 5 parts by weight or less, and still more preferably 4 parts by weight or less.
- the method for preparing the methacrylic resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, a method of polymerizing a monomer mixture containing methyl methacrylate in the presence of a compound containing a metal element having an atomic number of 20 or less to produce a methacrylic resin, and then mixing this with a hindered phenol antioxidant.
- an organometallic compound containing a metal element having an atomic number of 20 or less and a hindered phenolic antioxidant examples thereof include a method of melt-kneading an organometallic compound containing the following metal element and a hindered phenol-based antioxidant.
- metals having an atomic number of 20 or less and hindered phenols System antioxidants may be mixed, a metal having an atomic number of 20 or less may be mixed with other polymers and additives, and then a methacrylic resin and a hindered phenol antioxidant may be mixed.
- a phenolic antioxidant may be mixed with other polymers and additives and then mixed with a methacrylic resin and a metal having an atomic number of 20 or less, or other methods may be used.
- the kneading can be performed using a known mixing apparatus or kneading apparatus such as a kneader ruder, a single or twin screw extruder, a mixing roll, and a Banbury mixer. Of these, a twin screw extruder is preferred.
- the temperature at the time of mixing and kneading can be appropriately adjusted according to the melting temperature of the methacrylic resin to be used, but is preferably 110 ° C to 300 ° C.
- the methacrylic resin composition of the present invention has a thermal weight retention of 98% by mass or more, preferably 98.5% by mass or more, more preferably 98.7% by mass when exposed to 290 ° C. for 15 minutes in a nitrogen gas atmosphere. That's it. If the thermal weight retention is less than 98% by mass, foaming may occur during molding, or residual monomer in the molded product may increase, which may deteriorate heat resistance.
- the thermogravimetric retention of the methacrylic resin composition is a value determined as follows.
- thermogravimetric measurement device manufactured by Shimadzu Corp., TGA
- TGA thermogravimetric measurement device
- the resin composition to be measured is set, dry nitrogen is flowed at a flow rate of 50 ml / min, and the temperature from 50 ° C. to 290 ° C. is 20 ° C. /
- the mass change of the measurement object is recorded under the condition that the temperature is raised in minutes and then kept at 290 ° C. for 20 minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the ratio of the mass (Y 2c ) when it was held at 290 ° C. for 15 minutes with respect to the mass (Y 1c ) at 50 ° C. was defined as the thermogravimetric retention rate.
- Thermal weight retention (mass%) (Y 2c / Y 1c ) ⁇ 100 (mass%) The higher the thermal weight retention, the higher the thermal decomposition resistance.
- the haze at a thickness of 3.2 mm is preferably 3.0% or less, more preferably 2.0% or less, and further preferably 1.5% or less.
- the methacrylic resin composition of the present invention can be made into a molding material or the like in the form of pellets, granules, powders, etc. in order to enhance the convenience of storage, transportation or molding.
- the methacrylic resin composition of the present invention can be formed into a molded product by a known molding method.
- molding methods include T-die method (laminate method, coextrusion method, etc.), inflation method (coextrusion method, etc.), compression molding method, blow molding method, calendar molding method, vacuum molding method, injection molding method (insert). Method, two-color method, press method, core back method, sandwich method, etc.) and solution casting method.
- a mold or a roll can be used to mold the methacrylic resin composition.
- a sheet molding roll, a film molding roll, a compression molding mold, a blow molding mold, a calendar roll, a vacuum molding mold, an injection molding mold, and a cast polymerization mold can be used.
- the mold or roll is not necessarily made of metal, and may be made of rubber, resin, tempered glass, or the like. Since the methacrylic resin composition of the present invention hardly causes mold contamination, it can be suitably used for long-time continuous production and production in which many molding steps are repeated.
- molded article of the present invention include, for example, billboard parts such as advertising towers, stand signs, sleeve signs, bamboard signs, and rooftop signs; display parts such as showcases, partition plates, and store displays; fluorescent lamp covers and mood lighting.
- Lighting parts such as covers, lamp shades, light ceilings, light walls, and chandeliers; interior parts such as pendants and mirrors; architectures such as doors, domes, safety window glass, partitions, staircases, balcony waistboards, and roofs for leisure buildings Parts: Aircraft windshields, pilot visors, motorcycles, motorboat windshields, bus shading plates, automotive side visors, rear visors, head wings, headlight covers, and other transport related parts; audio visual nameplates, stereo covers, TV protection Electronic devices such as masks and display covers for vending machines Parts: Medical equipment parts such as incubators and X-ray parts; machine-related parts such as machine covers, instrument covers, experimental devices, rulers, dials, observation windows; light guide plates and films for front lights of display devices, guides for backlights Optical components such as optical plates and films, LCD protective plates, Fresnel lenses, lenticular lenses, front panels of various displays, diffusers and reflectors; traffic-related components such as road signs, guide plates, curved mirrors, and noise barriers;
- the molded article of the present invention is excellent in heat resistance and heat decomposability, and suppresses bleedout of an antioxidant.
- various covers various terminal boards, printed wiring boards, speakers; microscopes, binoculars, cameras
- Optical equipment such as watches, optical equipment such as watches, optical recording, optical communication and information equipment related parts such as cameras, VTRs, projection TVs, etc., filters, prisms, Fresnel lenses, various optical disks (VD, CD, DVD, MD) , LD, etc.)
- Light guide fiber for sheet and electronic paper Sheet retardation film / sheet, polarizing film / sheet, polarizing plate protective film / sheet, polarizer protective film / sheet, wave plate, light diffusion film / sheet, prism film / sheet, reflective film / sheet, anti
- various liquid crystal display elements such as mobile phones, digital information terminals, pagers, navigation, in-vehicle liquid crystal displays, liquid crystal monitors, dimming panels, displays for OA equipment, displays for AV equipment, electroluminescence displays, etc. It can be used for an element or a touch panel.
- various liquid crystal display elements such as mobile phones, digital information terminals, pagers, navigation, in-vehicle liquid crystal displays, liquid crystal monitors, dimming panels, displays for OA equipment, displays for AV equipment, electroluminescence displays, etc. It can be used for an element or a touch panel.
- the present invention is particularly preferably applicable to known building materials such as road construction members, retroreflective films / sheets, agricultural films / sheets, lighting covers, signboards, and translucent sound insulation walls.
- the film of the present invention which is one form of the molded product is not particularly limited by the production method.
- the film of the present invention is obtained, for example, by molding the methacrylic resin composition into a film by a known method such as a solution casting method, a melt casting method, an extrusion molding method, an inflation molding method, or a blow molding method. Can do. Of these, the extrusion method is preferred. According to the extrusion molding method, a film having improved toughness, excellent handleability, and excellent balance between toughness, surface hardness and rigidity can be obtained.
- the temperature of the methacrylic resin composition discharged from the extruder is preferably set to 160 to 270 ° C., more preferably 220 to 260 ° C.
- the methacrylic resin composition is extruded from a T-die in a molten state, and then it is applied to two or more specular surfaces.
- a method comprising forming a film by sandwiching with a roll or a mirror belt is preferred.
- the mirror roll or the mirror belt is preferably made of metal.
- the linear pressure between the pair of mirror rolls or the mirror belt is preferably 2 N / mm or more, more preferably 10 N / mm or more, and even more preferably 30 N / mm or more.
- the surface temperature of the mirror roll or the mirror belt is preferably 130 ° C. or less.
- the pair of mirror rolls or mirror belts preferably have at least one surface temperature of 60 ° C. or higher.
- the surface temperature is set to such a value, the methacrylic resin composition discharged from the extruder can be cooled at a speed faster than natural cooling, and a film having excellent surface smoothness and low haze can be easily produced.
- the film of the present invention may be subjected to a stretching treatment.
- the stretching treatment By the stretching treatment, a film that has high mechanical strength and is difficult to crack can be obtained.
- the stretching method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a uniaxial stretching method, a simultaneous biaxial stretching method, a sequential biaxial stretching method, and a tuber stretching method, and uniaxial stretching or biaxial stretching is preferable.
- the temperature during stretching is preferably from 100 to 200 ° C., more preferably from 120 to 160 ° C. from the viewpoint that uniform stretching can be performed and a high-strength film can be obtained.
- Stretching is usually performed at 100 to 5000% / min on a length basis.
- the stretching is preferably performed so that the area ratio is 1.5 to 8 times.
- a film with less heat shrinkage can be obtained by heat setting after stretching.
- the thickness of the film of the present invention is not particularly limited, but when used as an optical film, the thickness is preferably 1 to 300 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 50 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 15 to 40 ⁇ m.
- the film of the present invention has a haze at a thickness of 40 ⁇ m, preferably 0.2% or less, more preferably 0.1% or less. Furthermore, the film of the present invention is excellent in surface gloss and transparency. Moreover, when the film of this invention is used for optical members, such as a liquid crystal protective film and a light guide film, the utilization efficiency of a light source increases and it is preferable. Furthermore, the film of the present invention is excellent in surface shaping accuracy such as embossing.
- the film of the present invention has high transparency, high thermal decomposition resistance, suppresses the occurrence of mold stains, bleed-out, etc. even during molding at high temperatures, and can reduce the occurrence of problems due to evaporation of UV absorbers.
- the surface of the polarizer protective film, retardation film, LCD protective plate, portable information terminal surface material, portable information terminal display window protective film, light guide film, silver nanowires and carbon nanotubes It is suitable for the transparent conductive film coated on the surface plate, the front plate of various displays and the like.
- the methacrylic resin composition of the present invention is easy to produce a molded product (film) having a small birefringence.
- the film of the present invention having a low retardation is suitable for a polarizer protective film. Since the film of the present invention has high transparency and thermal decomposition resistance, it can be used as an IR cut film, a crime prevention film, a scattering prevention film, a decorative film, a metal decorative film, a solar battery backsheet, It can be used for a flexible solar cell front sheet, shrink film, in-mold label film, and gas barrier film base film.
- a functional layer can be provided on at least one side of the film or sheet of the present invention.
- the functional layer include a hard coat layer, an antiglare layer, an antireflection layer, an antisticking layer, a light diffusion layer, an antiglare layer, an antistatic layer, an antifouling layer, a slippery layer, and a gas barrier layer.
- a gas chromatograph GC-14A manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation was used as a column and GL Sciences Inc. Inert CAP 1 (df 0.4 ⁇ m, 0.25 mm ID ⁇ 60 m) is connected, the injection temperature is increased to 180 ° C., the detector temperature is increased to 180 ° C., and the column temperature is increased from 60 ° C. (held for 5 minutes). The temperature was increased to 200 ° C. at a temperature rate of 10 ° C./min, the conditions were set to hold for 10 minutes, the measurement was performed, and the polymerization conversion rate was calculated based on this result.
- GPC device manufactured by Tosoh Corporation, HLC-8320 Detector: Differential refractive index detector Column: TSKgel SuperMultipore HZM-M manufactured by Tosoh Corporation and SuperHZ4000 connected in series were used. Eluent: Tetrahydrofuran Eluent flow rate: 0.35 ml / min Column temperature: 40 ° C Calibration curve: Created using 10 standard polystyrene data
- Glass transition temperature Tg The methacrylic resin is heated to 230 ° C. for the first time using a differential scanning calorimeter (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, DSC-50 (product number)) in accordance with JIS K7121, and then cooled to room temperature.
- the DSC curve was measured under the condition of raising the temperature from room temperature to 230 ° C. at a rate of 10 ° C./min for the second time.
- the midpoint glass transition temperature obtained from the DSC curve measured at the second temperature increase was defined as the glass transition temperature Tg.
- a methacrylic resin was dissolved in deuterated chloroform to a concentration of 15 to 20% by mass to obtain a solution.
- 10% by weight of tris (6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octanedinate) europium is added to the solution based on the weight of the methacrylic resin. Added.
- the solution was integrated and measured for 12 hours using NMR (JNM-GX270 manufactured by JEOL Ltd.).
- [Evaluation of methacrylic resin composition] 10 ml of nitric acid was added to 0.15 g of the methacrylic resin composition, and microwave irradiation was performed at 220 ° C. for 25 minutes using a microwave irradiation apparatus ETHOS-1600. After allowing to cool, ion-exchanged water was added to the resulting liquid to obtain 20 ml of solution. The obtained solution was subjected to quantitative analysis of metal elements using an ICP emission spectroscopic analyzer (SII Vista Pro). The metal element content (parts by mass) relative to 100 parts by mass of the methacrylic resin was calculated.
- thermogravimetric measuring device manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, TGA-50 (product number)
- TGA-50 product number
- the change in mass was recorded under the condition of holding at 290 ° C. for 20 minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- thermal gravimetric retention rate 100 mass% the thermal decomposition resistance is evaluated by the following formula did.
- Thermal weight retention (mass%) (X 2c / X 1c ) ⁇ 100 (mass%)
- Total light transmittance The methacrylic resin composition was molded by hot pressing to obtain a molded product having a thickness of 3.2 mm.
- the total light transmittance of the molded product was measured using a haze meter (manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory, HM-150) according to JIS K7361-1.
- the methacrylic resin composition was molded by hot pressing to obtain a molded product having a thickness of 3.2 mm.
- the haze of the molded product was measured using a haze meter (manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory, HM-150) according to JIS K7166-1.
- Glass transition temperature Tg Glass transition temperature Tg
- the methacrylic resin composition was first heated to 230 ° C. using a differential scanning calorimeter (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, DSC-50 (product number)) in accordance with JIS K7121, and then cooled to room temperature. Thereafter, the DSC curve was measured under the condition of raising the temperature from room temperature to 230 ° C. at a rate of 10 ° C./min for the second time. The midpoint glass transition temperature obtained from the DSC curve measured at the second temperature increase was defined as the glass transition temperature.
- the amount of Al element is in the range of 4 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 to 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 parts by mass, and the amount of Li element is 3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 to 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 parts by mass.
- the following purification was performed so as to be within the range of parts. First, toluene was added to the obtained solution for dilution. Next, the diluted solution was poured into a large amount of methanol and precipitated. The precipitate was removed from the liquid by filtration and then washed several times. The washed precipitate was dried at 80 ° C. and 140 Pa for 24 hours.
- the Mw was 68000, the Mw / Mn was 1.06, the syndiotacticity (rr) was 73%, and the glass transition temperature was 130 ° C.
- the methacryl resin [Aa] whose content of the structural unit derived from methyl methacrylate is 100 mass% was obtained.
- the amount of Al element is 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 parts by mass (5 ppm) and the amount of Li element is 0.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 parts by mass (0.5 ppm) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the methacrylic resin [Aa]. )Met.
- the polymerization reaction was started in a batch mode while maintaining the temperature at 140 ° C.
- the raw material liquid was continuously supplied from the autoclave to the tank reactor, and at the same time, the liquid was continuously extracted from the tank reactor at a flow rate corresponding to the supply flow rate of the raw material liquid.
- a continuous flow polymerization reaction was carried out at an average residence time of 150 minutes at a temperature of 140 ° C.
- the conversion of the continuous flow polymerization reaction in a steady state was 52% by mass.
- the liquid extracted from the tank reactor was supplied to a multi-tube heat exchanger with an internal temperature of 230 ° C. with an average residence time of 2 minutes and heated.
- the heated liquid was introduced into a flash evaporator, and volatile components mainly composed of unreacted monomers were removed to obtain a molten resin.
- the molten resin is supplied to a vented devolatilizing twin screw extruder with an internal temperature of 260 ° C., discharged in a strand form, cut with a pelletizer, Mw is 82000, Mw / Mn is 1.92, syndiotacticity
- Mw 82000
- Mw / Mn 1.92
- syndiotacticity A methacrylic resin [Ab] having (rr) of 51%, a glass transition temperature of 120 ° C., and a content of structural units derived from methyl methacrylate of 100% by mass was obtained.
- the methacrylic resin [A-b] the amount of Al element was 0 parts by mass and the amount of Li element was 0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of methacrylic resin.
- the raw material liquid was supplied from the autoclave to the layer reactor, and the raw material liquid was put to 2/3 of the capacity.
- the polymerization reaction was started in a batch mode while maintaining the temperature at 180 ° C.
- the polymerization conversion rate reached 55% by mass
- the raw material liquid was supplied from the autoclave to the tank reactor, and the liquid was extracted from the tank reactor at a flow rate corresponding to the supply flow rate of the raw material liquid.
- a continuous flow polymerization reaction was performed for 1 minute at a temperature of 180 ° C.
- the polymerization conversion of the continuous flow polymerization reaction in a steady state was 55% by mass.
- the liquid extracted from the tank reactor was supplied to a multi-tube heat exchanger with an internal temperature of 230 ° C. for an average residence time of 2 minutes and heated.
- the heated liquid was introduced into a flash evaporator, and volatile components mainly composed of unreacted monomers were removed to obtain a molten resin.
- the molten resin is supplied to a vented devolatilizing twin-screw extruder having an internal temperature of 260 ° C., discharged in a strand form, cut with a pelletizer, Mw is 87000, molecular weight distribution is 1.78, syndiotacticity ( A methacrylic resin [Ad] having an rr) of 48%, a glass transition temperature of 117 ° C., and a content of structural units derived from methyl methacrylate of 98.5% by mass was obtained.
- the amount of Al element was 0 parts by mass and the amount of Li element was 0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the methacrylic resin [A-d].
- Table 1 shows the physical properties of methacrylic resins [A-a] to [A-f].
- Hindered phenolic antioxidants [Ca] and [Cb] were prepared.
- Ca 2,6-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) -4-methylphenol (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemicals; BHT)
- Cb pentaerythrityl-tetrakis [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] (manufactured by BASF; trade name IRGANOX1010)
- Example 1 100 parts by weight of methacrylic resin [Aa] and 0.15 parts by weight of hindered phenol antioxidant [Ca] are mixed together, and a twin screw extruder (manufactured by Technobel Co., Ltd., trade name: KZW20TW-45MG-NH-600). And kneaded and extruded at 260 ° C. to produce a methacrylic resin composition [1].
- the methacrylic resin composition [1] was hot press molded to obtain a plate-like molded product of 50 mm ⁇ 50 mm ⁇ 3.2 mm. About this molded article, the total light transmittance, haze, and glass transition temperature were measured. Table 2 shows the physical properties of the methacrylic resin composition [1].
- the methacrylic resin composition [1] was dried at 80 ° C. for 12 hours. Using a 20 mm ⁇ single-screw extruder (OCS), the methacrylic resin composition [1] is extruded from a 150 mm wide T-die at a resin temperature of 260 ° C., and is taken up by a roll having a surface temperature of 85 ° C. An unstretched film having a thickness of 110 mm and a thickness of 160 ⁇ m was obtained. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
- a small piece of 100 mm ⁇ 100 mm was cut so that the two sides were parallel to the extrusion direction.
- the small piece was set in a pantograph type biaxial stretching tester (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.), and stretched at a glass transition temperature + 10 ° C. at a rate of 150% / min in a direction parallel to the extrusion direction, Subsequently, the film was stretched twice at 150% / min in a direction perpendicular to the extrusion direction, and then held for 10 seconds. Thereafter, the film was taken out at room temperature and quenched to obtain a biaxially stretched film having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m.
- Examples 2 to 6 Comparative Examples 1 to 6>
- the methacrylic resin compositions [2] to [12] were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the formulations shown in Tables 2 and 3 were used, and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 2 and 3.
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Abstract
Description
例えば、特許文献1は、メタクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位を99.5質量%以上含むメタクリル樹脂を含有するメタクリル樹脂組成物であって、該メタクリル樹脂は、メタクリル酸メチル由来の構造単位に対する末端二重結合の量が0.03mol%未満で且つメタクリル酸メチル由来の構造単位に対する結合硫黄原子の量が0.2mol%以上であり、且つ 230℃および3.8kg荷重の条件におけるメルトフローレートが8g/10分以上である、メタクリル樹脂組成物を開示している。
窒素ガス雰囲気にて290℃に15分間さらしたときの熱重量保持率が98質量%以上である、メタクリル樹脂組成物。
〔3〕 前記メタクリル樹脂は、三連子表示のシンジオタクティシティ(rr)が50%以上である、〔1〕または〔2〕に記載のメタクリル樹脂組成物。
〔4〕 前記メタクリル樹脂は、重量平均分子量が5万~20万である、〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれかひとつに記載のメタクリル樹脂組成物。
〔5〕 前記メタクリル樹脂は、メタクリル酸メチル由来の構造単位の含有量が99質量%以上である、〔1〕~〔4〕のいずれかひとつに記載のメタクリル樹脂組成物。
〔7〕 〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかひとつに記載のメタクリル樹脂組成物からなる成形品。
〔8〕 〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかひとつに記載のメタクリル樹脂組成物からなるフィルム。
〔9〕 厚さが10~50μmである、〔8〕に記載のフィルム。
〔10〕 面積比で1.5~8倍に一軸延伸または二軸延伸された〔8〕または〔9〕に記載のフィルム。
メタクリル樹脂を濃度15~20質量%となるように重水素化クロロホルムに溶解させて溶液を得る。前記メタクリル樹脂の質量に対して10質量%のトリス(6,6,7,7,8,8,8-ヘプタフルオロ-2,2-ジメチル-3,5-オクタンジナート)ユウロピウムを前記溶液に添加する。その溶液を1H-NMRにて12時間以上に亘って積算測定する。得られた1H-NMRスペクトルから、末端二重結合部に由来するシグナル(共鳴周波数5.5ppm及び6.2ppm)の積分強度の合計Xpとメタクリル酸メチル主鎖のメトキシ基に由来するシグナル(共鳴周波数3.6ppm)の積分強度Ypとを計測し、次式にて末端二重結合の量Dpを算出する。
Dp=〔(Xp/2)/(Yp/3)〕×100
メタクリル樹脂をクロロホルムに溶解させて溶液を得る。この溶液をn-ヘキサンに添加して沈殿物を得る。該沈殿物を80℃で12時間以上真空下で乾燥させる。得られた乾燥品を適量精秤して、硫黄燃焼装置にセットし、温度400℃の反応炉で分解させ、生成したガスを温度900℃の炉に通し、次いで0.3%過酸化水素水で吸収する。得られた液(分解ガス水溶液)を純水で適宜希釈し、イオンクロマトグラフィ(DIONEX製ICS-1500,カラム:AS12A)により硫酸イオンを定量する。乾燥品の質量あたりの硫黄原子の質量Wp(質量%)を算出する。次いで、次式にて、結合硫黄原子の量Sp(モル%)を算出する。
Sp=Wp×(100/32)
三連子表示のシンジオタクティシティ(rr)(%)は、重水素化クロロホルム中、30℃で1H-NMRスペクトルを測定し、そのスペクトルからTMSを0ppmとした際の0.6~0.95ppmの領域の面積(AX)と0.6~1.35ppmの領域の面積(AY)とを計測し、式:(AX/AY)×100にて算出することができる。
アニオン化可能な部位を有する任意の重合体を有機リチウム化合物などのアニオン重合開始剤によりアニオン化し、それをアニオン溶液重合法によるメタクリル樹脂の製造において重合開始剤(リビング重合体と呼ぶことがある。)として使用してもよい。アニオン化可能な部位としては、例えば、直鎖状または環状の共役ジエン化合物に由来する単位、ビニル芳香族化合物に由来する単位、(メタ)アクリル酸アミドに由来する単位などを挙げることができる。リビング重合体を重合開始剤として使用するとグラフト共重合体を得ることができる。例えば、不活性ガス雰囲気下でシクロヘキサンに溶解させたポリ(p-メチルスチレン)をN,N,N’,N’-テトラメチルエチレンジアミンの存在下にs-ブチルリチウムと反応させることで、パラ位のメチル基を適宜の量だけアニオン化したポリ(p-メチルスチレン)を得ることができ、これを重合開始剤として用いることで、グラフト共重合体を得ることができる。
有機アルミニウム化合物としては、式(I)で表される化合物(以下、Al化合物(I)という。)が好ましく用いられる。
AlR3R4R5 (I)
(式中、R3、R4およびR5は、それぞれ独立して、置換基を有してもよいアルキル基、置換基を有してもよいシクロアルキル基、置換基を有してもよいアリール基、置換基を有してもよいアラルキル基、置換基を有してもよいアルコキシル基、置換基を有してもよいアリールオキシ基もしくはN,N-二置換アミノ基を表す。R4およびR5は一緒になって置換基を有してもよいアリーレンジオキシ基であってもよい。)
Al化合物(I)の使用量(モル)は、特に制限されない。Al化合物(I)の使用量(モル)は、重合開始剤の使用量(モル)より多く、且つAl化合物(I)の使用量(モル)と重合開始剤の使用量(モル)の差に対するメタクリル酸メチルおよびそれ以外の単量体の合計使用量(モル)が、好ましくは15~80、より好ましくは15~70、さらに好ましくは20~50のモル比となるように制御することが、重合速度を高め、反応時間を短縮でき、また、重合反応中の重合活性末端種の失活が抑制され、用途に応じて分子量と分子量分布などを最適に設計した重合体の製造が可能という観点から好ましい。
添加剤としては、例えば、ジメチルエーテル、ジメトキシエタン、ジエトキシエタン、12-クラウン-4などのエーテル;トリエチルアミン、N,N,N’,N’-テトラメチルエチレンジアミン、N,N,N’,N”,N”-ペンタメチルジエチレントリアミン、1,1,4,7,10,10-ヘキサメチルトリエチレンテトラミン、ピリジン、2,2’-ジピリジルなどの有機含窒素化合物;トリエチルホスフィン、トリフェニルホスフィン、1,2-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)エタンなどの有機リン化合物;塩化リチウム、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウムなどの無機塩;リチウム(2-メトキシエトキシ)エトキシド、カリウムt-ブトキシドなどのアルカリ金属アルコキシド;テトラエチルアンモニウムクロリド、テトラエチルアンモニウムブロミド、テトラエチルホスホニウムクロリド、テトラエチルホスホニウムブロミドなどの四級アンモニウム塩、四級ホスホニウム塩などが挙げられる。これらの添加剤は1種単独でまたは2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。これらの中でもエーテル、有機含窒素化合物が好ましい。有機含窒素化合物は、少量の添加で高いリビング性を保ちながらかつ重合を速く進行させることができ、且つ溶媒回収工程の簡略化や排水処理の負荷低減の点で優れているので、好ましく用いられる。添加剤の使用量は特に限定されないが、重合反応液中の濃度として、好ましくは0.1~100mmol/l、より好ましくは1~10mmol/lである。
メタクリル樹脂組成物に含まれる原子番号20以下の金属元素の量は、下限が、メタクリル樹脂100質量部に対して、5×10-6質量部(0.05ppm)、好ましくは1×10-5質量部(0.1ppm)、より好ましくは1×10-4質量部(1ppm)、さらに好ましくは2×10-4質量部(2ppm)、よりさらに好ましくは4×10-4質量部(4ppm)であり、上限が、メタクリル樹脂100質量部に対して、9×10-3質量部(90ppm)、好ましくは8×10-3質量部(80ppm)、より好ましくは4×10-3質量部(40ppm)、さらに好ましくは2×10-3質量部(20ppm)である。
メタクリル樹脂組成物に含まれるAl元素の量は、メタクリル樹脂100質量部に対して、好ましくは1×10-5~8.9×10-3質量部、より好ましくは1.9×10-4~3×10-3質量部、さらに好ましくは3.5×10-4~2.5×10-3質量部である。メタクリル樹脂組成物に含まれるLi元素の量は、メタクリル樹脂100質量部に対して、好ましくは1×10-6~5×10-3質量部、より好ましくは5×10-6~3×10-3質量部、さらに好ましくは2×10-5~1.5×10-3質量部である。
メタクリル樹脂組成物に含まれる原子番号20以下の金属元素の量は、メタクリル樹脂に元々含まれていた原子番号20以下の金属元素の量とメタクリル樹脂組成物を調製する際に添加した原子番号20以下の金属元素の量との合計量である。原子番号20以下の金属元素は、少ない量のヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤との相乗効果によって、成形品の透明性、耐熱分解性を向上させる。
原子番号20以下の金属元素の含有量は次のようにして決定される値である。
メタクリル樹脂組成物0.15gを硫酸10mlに加えて、220℃で25分間マイクロウェーブを照射する。放冷後、液にイオン交換水を加えて20mlの溶液を得る。この溶液をICP発光分光分析法で定量分析することによって算出する。
原子番号20以下の金属元素の含有量は、メタクリル樹脂の製造の際に使用される単量体、重合開始剤、重合開始剤と併用される有機アルミニウム化合物、重合停止剤などの種類や使用量、メタクリル樹脂の製造後に行われる精製の度合いによって調整することができる。精製の度合いの調整は、上記定量分析によって決定される原子番号20以下の金属元素の含有量が、上記の範囲内になるように行う限り、特に制限されない。
ヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤としては、2,6-ビス(1,1-ジメチルエチル)-4-メチルフェノール(和光純薬社製;BHT)、3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシトルエン、ペンタエリスリチル-テトラキス〔3-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート〕(BASF社製;商品名IRGANOX1010)、オクタデシル-3-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート(BASF社製;商品名IRGANOX1076)などが好ましい。分子量300以下のヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤は、昇華性が高く、ブリードアウトによるロール汚れ等が低減されるため特に好ましい。
メタクリル樹脂組成物に含まれるヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤の量は、メタクリル樹脂100質量部に対して、0.025~0.50質量部、好ましくは0.028~0.18質量部、より好ましくは0.03~0.15質量部である。ヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤の量が上記範囲にある場合は、ブリードアウト等による成形品外観の悪化抑制効果と、耐熱分解性を向上させる効果とのバランスが良好である。
熱劣化防止剤としては、2-t-ブチル-6-(3’-tert-ブチル-5’-メチル-ヒドロキシベンジル)-4-メチルフェニルアクリレート(住友化学社製;商品名スミライザーGM)、2,4-ジt-アミル-6-(3’,5’-ジ-tert-アミル-2’-ヒドロキシ-α-メチルベンジル)フェニルアクリレート(住友化学社製;商品名スミライザーGS)などが好ましい。
紫外線吸収剤としては、ベンゾフェノン類、ベンゾトリアゾール類、トリアジン類、ベンゾエート類、サリシレート類、シアノアクリレート類、蓚酸アニリド類、マロン酸エステル類、ホルムアミジン類などを挙げることができる。これらは1種を単独で用いても、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。これらの中でも、ベンゾトリアゾール類(ベンゾトリアゾール骨格を有する化合物)、トリアジン類(トリアジン骨格を有する化合物)が好ましい。ベンゾトリアゾール類またはトリアジン類は、紫外線による樹脂の劣化(例えば、黄変など)を抑制する効果が高い。
有機色素としては、樹脂に対しては有害とされている紫外線を可視光線に変換する機能を有する化合物が好ましく用いられる。
光拡散剤や艶消し剤としては、ガラス微粒子、ポリシロキサン系架橋微粒子、架橋ポリマー微粒子、タルク、炭酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウムなどを挙げることができる。
蛍光体として、蛍光顔料、蛍光染料、蛍光白色染料、蛍光増白剤、蛍光漂白剤などを挙げることができる。
熱重量保持率が98質量%未満であると、成形時に発泡が生じたり、成形品中の残存モノマーが増えたりすることで、耐熱性が悪化する可能性がある。
メタクリル樹脂組成物の熱重量保持率は次のようにして決定される値である。
熱重量測定装置(島津製作所製、TGA)を窒素ガス雰囲気下に置き、測定対象の樹脂組成物をセットし、乾燥窒素を流速50ml/分にて流し、50℃から290℃までを20℃/分で昇温させ、次いで窒素雰囲気下にて290℃にて20分間保持する条件にて測定対象の質量変化を記録する。50℃における質量(Y1c)に対する290℃にて保持し15分間経過した時の質量(Y2c)の割合を熱重量保持率とした。
熱重量保持率(質量%)=(Y2c/Y1c)×100(質量%)
熱重量保持率が高いほど耐熱分解性が高いことを示す。
メタクリル樹脂組成物を成形するために金型やロールを用いることができる。例えば、シート成形用ロール、フィルム成形用ロール、圧縮成形用金型、ブロー成形用金型、カレンダーロール、真空成形用金型、射出成形用金型、キャスト重合用鋳型などを挙げることができる。金型やロールは必ずしも金属製である必要はなく、例えば、ゴム製、樹脂製、強化ガラス製などであってもよい。本発明のメタクリル樹脂組成物は、金型汚れを生じにくいため、長時間の連続生産や成形工程を多数繰返す生産に好適に使用できる。
具体的には、例えば、携帯電話、デジタル情報端末、ポケットベル、ナビゲーション、車載用液晶ディスプレイ、液晶モニター、調光パネル、OA機器用ディスプレイ、AV機器用ディスプレイ等の各種液晶表示素子、エレクトロルミネッセンス表示素子またはタッチパネルなどに用いることができる。また、耐候性に優れている点から、例えば、建築用内・外装用部材、カーテンウォール、屋根用部材、屋根材、窓用部材、雨どい、エクステリア類、壁材、床材、造作材、道路建設用部材、再帰反射フィルム・シート、農業用フィルム・シート、照明カバー、看板、透光性遮音壁など、公知の建材用途へも特に好適に適用可能である。
本発明のフィルムは、透明性、耐熱分解性が高いので、光学用途以外の用途として、IRカットフィルムや、防犯フィルム、飛散防止フィルム、加飾フィルム、金属加飾フィルム、太陽電池のバックシート、フレキシブル太陽電池用フロントシート、シュリンクフィルム、インモールドラベル用フィルム、ガスバリアフィルム用基材フィルムに使用することができる。
島津製作所社製ガスクロマトグラフ GC-14Aに、カラムとしてGL Sciences Inc.製 Inert CAP 1(df=0.4μm、0.25mmI.D.×60m)を繋ぎ、インジェクション温度を180℃に、検出器温度を180℃に、カラム温度を60℃(5分間保持)から昇温速度10℃/分で200℃まで昇温して、10分間保持する条件に設定して、測定を行い、この結果に基づいて重合転化率を算出した。
(重量平均分子量(Mw)、分子量分布(Mw/Mn))
ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィ(GPC)にて下記の条件でクロマトグラムを測定し、標準ポリスチレンの分子量に換算した値を算出した。ベースラインはピークの高分子量側の傾きが保持時間の早い方から見てゼロからプラスに変化する点と、ピークの低分子量側の傾きが保持時間の早い方から見てマイナスからゼロに変化する点を結んだ線とした。
GPC装置:東ソー株式会社製、HLC-8320
検出器:示差屈折率検出器
カラム:東ソー株式会社製のTSKgel SuperMultipore HZM-Mの2本とSuperHZ4000を直列に繋いだものを用いた。
溶離剤: テトラヒドロフラン
溶離剤流量: 0.35ml/分
カラム温度: 40℃
検量線:標準ポリスチレン10点のデータを用いて作成
メタクリル樹脂の1H-NMRスペクトルを、核磁気共鳴装置(Bruker社製 U
LTRA SHIELD 400 PLUS)を用いて、溶媒として重水素化クロロホルムを用い、室温、積算回数64回の条件にて、測定した。そのスペクトルからTMSを0ppmとした際の0.6~0.95ppmの領域の面積(X)と、0.6~1.35ppmの領域の面積(Y)とを計測し、次いで、三連子表示のシンジオタクティシティ(rr)を式:(X/Y)×100にて算出した。
メタクリル樹脂を、JIS K7121に準拠して、示差走査熱量測定装置(島津製作所製、DSC-50(品番))を用いて、230℃まで1回目の昇温をし、次いで室温まで冷却し、その後、室温から230℃までを10℃/分で2回目の昇温をさせる条件にてDSC曲線を測定した。2回目の昇温時に測定されるDSC曲線から求められる中間点ガラス転移温度をガラス転移温度Tgとした。
メタクリル樹脂を濃度15~20質量%となるように重水素化クロロホルムに溶解させて溶液を得た。前記メタクリル樹脂の質量に対して10質量%のトリス(6,6,7,7,8,8,8-ヘプタフルオロ-2,2-ジメチル-3,5-オクタンジナート)ユウロピウムを前記溶液に添加した。その溶液をNMR(日本電子製JNM-GX270)を用いて12時間に亘って積算測定した。得られた1H-NMRスペクトルから、末端二重結合部に由来するシグナル(共鳴周波数5.5ppm及び6.2ppm)の積分強度の合計Xcとメチルメタクリレート主鎖のメトキシ基に由来するシグナル(共鳴周波数3.6ppm)の積分強度Ypとを計測し、次式にてメタクリル樹脂の末端二重結合量Dp[モル%]を算出した。
Dp=〔(3×Xp)/(2×Yp)〕×100により算出した。
メタクリル樹脂をクロロホルムに溶解させて溶液を得、この溶液をn-ヘキサンに添加して沈殿物を得た。得られた沈殿物を80℃で12時間以上真空下で乾燥させた。得られた乾燥品を適量精秤して、硫黄燃焼装置にセットし温度400℃の反応炉で分解させ、生成したガスを900℃の炉に通し、次いで0.3%過酸化水素水で吸収した。得られた液を純水で適宜希釈し、イオンクロマトグラフィ(DIONEX製ICS-1500,カラム:AS12A)により硫酸イオンを定量した。乾燥品の質量あたりの硫黄原子の質量Wp(質量%)を算出した。次いで、次式にて、結合硫黄原子の量Sp(モル%)を算出した。
Sp=(Wp/32)×100
(金属元素含有量)
メタクリル樹脂組成物0.15gに硝酸10mlを加えて、マイクロ波照射装置ETHOS-1600を用いて、220℃で25分間マイクロウェーブを照射した。放冷後、得られた液にイオン交換水を加えて20mlの溶液を得た。得られた溶液をICP発光分光分析装置(SII製 Vista Pro)を用いて、金属元素の定量分析を行った。メタクリル樹脂100質量部に対する、金属元素含有量(質量部)を算出した。
メタクリル樹脂組成物について、熱重量測定装置(島津製作所製、TGA-50(品番))を用いて、窒素雰囲気下、窒素の流速50ml/分にて、50℃から290℃まで20℃/分で昇温させた後、窒素雰囲気下で290℃にて20分間保持する条件にて質量変化を記録した。50℃における質量(X1c)を基準(熱重量保持率100質量%)にして、290℃にて15分間保持した時の質量(X2c)をもとに、下記式で耐熱分解性を評価した。
熱重量保持率(質量%)=(X2c/X1c)×100(質量%)
メタクリル樹脂組成物を熱プレスにて成形し3.2mm厚の成形品を得た。この成形品の全光線透過率をJIS K7361-1に準じて、ヘイズメータ(村上色彩研究所製、HM-150)を用いて測定した。
メタクリル樹脂組成物を熱プレスにて成形し3.2mm厚の成形品を得た。この成形品のヘイズをJIS K7136-1に準じて、ヘイズメータ(村上色彩研究所製、HM-150)を用いて測定した。
メタクリル樹脂組成物を、JIS K7121に準拠して、示差走査熱量測定装置(島津製作所製、DSC-50(品番))を用いて、230℃まで1回目の昇温をし、次いで室温まで冷却し、その後、室温から230℃までを10℃/分で2回目の昇温をさせる条件にてDSC曲線を測定した。2回目の昇温時に測定されるDSC曲線から求められる中間点ガラス転移温度をガラス転移温度とした。
(ロール汚れ)
メタクリル樹脂組成物をOptical Control System社製の製膜機(型式FS-5)にて、シリンダおよびTダイの温度290℃、リップ間隙0.5mm、吐出量2.7kg/hr、ロール温度85℃、フィルム引取り速度2.2m/分で押出し、フィルム厚さ100μmに調整し、製膜時のロール汚れを観察した。ロール汚れはフィルムが通過する金属ロール表面を目視で観察し、製膜開始からロール全面に白もやが発生するまでの時間で評価した。
A:30分以上白もやが発生しなかった。
B:30分未満で白もやが発生した。
撹拌翼と三方コックが取り付けられた5Lのガラス製反応容器内を窒素で置換した。これに、室温下にて、トルエン1600g、1,2-ジメトキシエタン80g、濃度0.45Mのイソブチルビス(2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-4-メチルフェノキシ)アルミニウムのトルエン溶液73.3g(42.3mmol)、および濃度1.3Mのsec-ブチルリチウムの溶液(溶媒:シクロヘキサン95%、n-ヘキサン5%)8.44g(14.1mmol)を仕込んだ。撹拌しながら、これに、15℃~20℃にて、精製されたメタクリル酸メチル550gを30分間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、15℃で90分間撹拌した。溶液の色が黄色から無色に変わった。この時点におけるメタクリル酸メチルの重合転化率は100%であった。
先ず、得られた溶液にトルエンを加えて希釈した。次いで、希釈液を多量のメタノールに注ぎ入れ、析出させた。析出物を液から濾過によって取出し、次いで数回洗浄した。洗浄した析出物を80℃、140Paにて24時間乾燥させて、Mwが68000で、Mw/Mnが1.06で、シンジオタクティシティ(rr)が73%で、ガラス転移温度が130℃で、且つメタクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位の含有量が100質量%であるメタクリル樹脂〔A-a〕を得た。メタクリル樹脂〔A-a〕は、メタクリル樹脂100質量部に対して、Al元素の量が5×10-4質量部(5ppm)、Li元素の量が0.5×10-4質量部(0.5ppm)であった。
攪拌機および採取管が取り付けられたオートクレーブ内を窒素で置換した。これに、精製されたメタクリル酸メチル100質量部、2,2’-アゾビス(2-メチルプロピオニトリル(水素引抜能:1%、1時間半減期温度:83℃)0.0074質量部、およびn-オクチルメルカプタン0.28質量部を入れ、撹拌して、原料液を得た。かかる原料液中に窒素を送り込み、原料液中の溶存酸素を除去した。
オートクレーブから原料液を槽型反応器に供給し、容量の2/3まで原料液を入れた。温度を140℃に維持してバッチ方式で重合反応を開始させた。転化率が55質量%になったところで、原料液をオートクレーブから槽型反応器に連続的に供給し、同時に原料液の供給流量に相当する流量で槽型反応器から液を連続的に抜き出して、平均滞留時間150分間、温度140℃にて、連続流通方式の重合反応を行った。定常状態における連続流通方式の重合反応の転化率は52質量%であった。
メタクリル樹脂〔A-a〕20質量部およびメタクリル樹脂〔A-b〕80質量部を混ぜ合わせ、二軸押出機((株)テクノベル製、商品名:KZW20TW-45MG-NH-600)で260℃にて混練押出してメタクリル樹脂〔A-c〕を製造した。メタクリル樹脂〔A-c〕は、メタクリル樹脂100質量部に対して、Al元素の量が1×10-4質量部(1ppm)、Li元素の量が0.1×10-4質量部(0.1ppm)であった。
攪拌機および採取管が取り付けられたオートクレーブ内を窒素で置換した。これに、精製されたメタクリル酸メチル97.4質量部、アクリル酸メチル2.6質量部、2,2’-アゾビス(2-メチルプロピオニトリル(水素引抜能:1%、1時間半減期温度:83℃)0.0074質量部、およびn-オクチルメルカプタン0.28質量部を入れ、撹拌して、原料液を得た。かかる原料液中に窒素を送り込み、原料液中の溶存酸素を除去した。
オートクレーブから原料液を層型反応器に供給して、容量の2/3まで原料液を入れた。温度を180℃に維持してバッチ方式で重合反応を開始させた。重合転化率が55質量%になったところで、原料液をオートクレーブから槽型反応器に供給し、且つ原料液の供給流量に相当する流量で槽型反応器から液を抜き出して、平均滞留時間150分間、温度180℃にて、連続流通方式の重合反応を行った。定常状態における連続流通方式の重合反応の重合転化率は55質量%であった。
撹拌翼と三方コックが取り付けられたガラス製反応容器内を窒素で置換した。これに、室温下にて、トルエン1600g、1,2-ジメトキシエタン80g、濃度0.45Mのイソブチルビス(2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-4-メチルフェノキシ)アルミニウムのトルエン溶液73.3g(42.3mmol)、および濃度1.3Mのsec-ブチルリチウムの溶液(溶媒:シクロヘキサン95%、n-ヘキサン5%)8.44g(14.1mmol)を入れた。これに、撹拌しながら、15℃~20℃にて、精製されたメタクリル酸メチル550gを30分間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、15℃で90分間撹拌した。溶液の色が黄色から無色に変わった。この時点におけるメタクリル酸メチルの重合転化率は100%であった。
得られた溶液を130℃、140Paにて24時間乾燥させた後、内温260℃のベント付き脱揮二軸押出機に供給してストランド状に吐出し、ペレタイザーでカットして、Mwが68000で、Mw/Mnが1.06で、シンジオタクティシティ(rr)が73%で、ガラス転移温度が130℃で、且つメタクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位の含有量が100質量%であるメタクリル樹脂〔A-e〕を得た。メタクリル樹脂〔A-e〕は、メタクリル樹脂100質量部に対して、Al元素の量が1000×10-4質量部、Li元素の量が320×10-4質量部であった。
メタクリル樹脂〔A-a〕40質量部およびメタクリル樹脂〔A-b〕60質量部を混ぜ合わせ、二軸押出機((株)テクノベル製、商品名:KZW20TW-45MG-NH-600)で260℃にて混練押出してメタクリル樹脂〔A-f〕を製造した。メタクリル樹脂〔A-f〕は、メタクリル樹脂100質量部に対して、Al元素の量が2×10-4質量部(2ppm)、Li元素の量が0.2×10-4質量部(0.2ppm)であった。
C-a:2,6-ビス(1,1-ジメチルエチル)-4-メチルフェノール(和光純薬社製;BHT)
C-b:ペンタエリスリチル-テトラキス〔3-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート〕(BASF社製;商品名IRGANOX1010)
メタクリル樹脂〔A-a〕100質量部とヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤〔C-a〕0.15質量部とを混ぜ合わせ、二軸押出機((株)テクノベル製、商品名:KZW20TW-45MG-NH-600)で260℃にて混練押出してメタクリル樹脂組成物〔1〕を製造した。
メタクリル樹脂組成物〔1〕を熱プレス成形して50mm×50mm×3.2mmの板状成形品を得た。この成形品について、全光線透過率、ヘイズおよびガラス転移温度を測定した。メタクリル樹脂組成物〔1〕の物性を表2に示す。
表2および3に示す配合とする以外は実施例1と同じ方法でメタクリル樹脂組成物〔2〕~〔12〕を製造し、実施例1と同じ方法で評価した。評価結果を表2および3に示す。
Claims (10)
- 末端二重結合の量が0.012モル%未満であるメタクリル樹脂100質量部、原子番号20以下の金属元素5×10-6~9×10-3質量部、およびヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤0.025~0.50質量部を含有し、且つ
窒素ガス雰囲気にて290℃に15分間さらしたときの熱重量保持率が98質量%以上である、メタクリル樹脂組成物。 - 前記メタクリル樹脂は、結合硫黄原子の量が0.25モル%未満である、請求項1に記載のメタクリル樹脂組成物。
- 前記メタクリル樹脂は、三連子表示のシンジオタクティシティ(rr)が50%以上である、請求項1または2に記載のメタクリル樹脂組成物。
- 前記メタクリル樹脂は、重量平均分子量が5万~20万である、請求項1~3のいずれかひとつに記載のメタクリル樹脂組成物。
- 前記メタクリル樹脂は、メタクリル酸メチル由来の構造単位の含有量が99質量%以上である、請求項1~4のいずれかひとつに記載のメタクリル樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかひとつに記載のメタクリル樹脂組成物からなるペレット状の成形材料。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかひとつに記載のメタクリル樹脂組成物からなる成形品。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかひとつに記載のメタクリル樹脂組成物からなるフィルム。
- 厚さが10~50μmである、請求項8に記載のフィルム。
- 面積比で1.5~8倍に一軸延伸または二軸延伸された請求項8または9に記載のフィルム。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN110325587A (zh) | 2019-10-11 |
US20200377688A1 (en) | 2020-12-03 |
EP3587490B1 (en) | 2022-10-12 |
JP7093339B2 (ja) | 2022-06-29 |
JPWO2018155467A1 (ja) | 2019-12-12 |
EP3587490A4 (en) | 2021-01-13 |
EP3587490A1 (en) | 2020-01-01 |
KR102512111B1 (ko) | 2023-03-20 |
CN110325587B (zh) | 2022-03-01 |
TW201837096A (zh) | 2018-10-16 |
US11299600B2 (en) | 2022-04-12 |
TWI750324B (zh) | 2021-12-21 |
KR20190116321A (ko) | 2019-10-14 |
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