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WO2018154676A1 - Antenne et antenne à secteurs - Google Patents

Antenne et antenne à secteurs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018154676A1
WO2018154676A1 PCT/JP2017/006842 JP2017006842W WO2018154676A1 WO 2018154676 A1 WO2018154676 A1 WO 2018154676A1 JP 2017006842 W JP2017006842 W JP 2017006842W WO 2018154676 A1 WO2018154676 A1 WO 2018154676A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dielectric member
distance
antenna
beam width
radiating element
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2017/006842
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
慎 水村
哲 洪
弘樹 萩原
小林　裕幸
剛 志村
林　宏行
秀晶 畠山
賢治 大久保
Original Assignee
日本電業工作株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 日本電業工作株式会社 filed Critical 日本電業工作株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2017/006842 priority Critical patent/WO2018154676A1/fr
Publication of WO2018154676A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018154676A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/02—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
    • H01Q15/08—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism formed of solid dielectric material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/12—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems
    • H01Q3/14—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems for varying the relative position of primary active element and a refracting or diffracting device

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna and a sector antenna.
  • a mobile communication base station antenna base station antenna
  • a plurality of sector antennas that radiate radio waves for each sector set corresponding to the direction in which radio waves are radiated are used in combination.
  • an array antenna is used in which antennas each including a radiating element such as a dipole element are arranged in an array.
  • a beam control device for adjusting the horizontal azimuth angle or horizontal beam width of the mobile communication base station antenna which is configured to include a component with the drive control means for controlling the drive means.
  • Patent Document 2 includes an array antenna including a plurality of radiating elements, and a dielectric planar sheet provided in front of about half a wavelength from the radiating elements, and the dielectric planar sheet having a beam width in the azimuth direction.
  • a cellular antenna is described which is narrower than that without.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an antenna or the like whose radiation characteristics can be adjusted in an installed state.
  • the antenna to which the present invention is applied is a radiating element, a reflector provided at a predetermined distance from the radiating element, and the radiating element on the opposite side of the radiating element.
  • a changing means for changing the distance between the radiating element and the dielectric member in the installed state In such an antenna, the dielectric member may be bent in a concave shape or a convex shape with respect to the radiating element.
  • the changing means is characterized in that the distance between the radiating element and the dielectric member is changed by moving the position of the dielectric member along a perpendicular line from the reflector toward the central portion of the radiating element. Can do.
  • the changing means may change the distance between the radiating element and the dielectric member by changing an opening angle between both end portions in the horizontal plane of the dielectric member.
  • the changing means can be characterized in that the position of the dielectric member relative to the radiating element can be changed from below in the vertical direction.
  • the sector antenna to which the present invention is applied is a radiating element, a reflecting plate provided at a predetermined distance from the radiating element, and the reflecting plate of the radiating element on the opposite side.
  • An antenna having a dielectric member provided to face the radiating element, and a changing unit that changes a distance between the radiating element and the dielectric member in the installed state, and a radome that covers the antenna.
  • FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows an example of the whole structure of the base station antenna for mobile communications to which 1st Embodiment is applied.
  • (A) is a bird's-eye view of a base station antenna
  • (b) is a figure explaining the example of installation of a base station antenna.
  • (A) is a graph in which the vertical axis represents the beam width and gain, and the horizontal axis represents the distance to the dielectric member, and (b) is a table showing the relationship between the beam width and gain and the distance to the dielectric member. . It is a figure explaining the influence which it has on the radiation characteristic by a dielectric material member. It is a figure explaining an example of a change mechanism.
  • (A) is a side view
  • (b) is a sectional view taken along line VIIIB-VIIIB in (a).
  • (A) is a side view
  • (b) is a sectional view taken along line IXB-IXB in (a).
  • (A) is a side view, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line XB-XB in (a). It is a figure explaining another example of a change mechanism.
  • (A) is a side view, (b) is a sectional view taken along line XIB-XIB in (a), and (c) is another sectional view taken along line XIB-XIB in (a).
  • (A) is a case where the opening angle ⁇ is less than 180 °
  • (b) is a case where the opening angle ⁇ is more than 180 °.
  • (A) is a graph in which the vertical axis represents the beam width and gain, and the horizontal axis represents the distance to the dielectric member, and (b) is a table showing the relationship between the beam width and gain and the distance to the dielectric member.
  • (A) is a graph in which the vertical axis represents the beam width and the horizontal axis represents the opening angle of the dielectric member, and (b) is a table showing the relationship between the beam width and the opening angle of the dielectric member. It is a figure which shows the change of the beam width in a horizontal surface, and a gain at the time of changing the distance from a radiation element to a dielectric material in the dielectric material which made the opening angle 180 degrees.
  • (A) is a graph in which the vertical axis represents the beam width and gain, and the horizontal axis represents the distance to the dielectric member, and (b) is a table showing the relationship between the beam width and gain and the distance to the dielectric member. .
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of an overall configuration of a mobile communication base station antenna 1 to which the first exemplary embodiment is applied.
  • FIG. 1A is a bird's-eye view of the base station antenna 1
  • FIG. 1B is a diagram illustrating an installation example of the base station antenna 1.
  • the base station antenna 1 includes a plurality of sector antennas 10-1 to 10-3 held by a steel tower 20, for example.
  • a range in which a radio wave (beam) from the base station antenna 1 reaches is assumed to be a cell 2.
  • a plurality of sectors 3-1 to 3-3 are configured by dividing the cell 2 by an angle in the horizontal direction (in the horizontal plane) with the base station antenna 1 as the center.
  • each sector antenna 10 is arranged so that the direction of the main lobe 11 faces a predetermined sector 3.
  • each sector antenna 10 is connected to a cable 31 to which a transmission / reception signal for radiating a beam is supplied and a cable 32 to which a control signal for driving a phase shifter described later is supplied.
  • These cables 31 and 32 are connected to a radio device (not shown) for generating a radio signal provided in a base station (not shown) and a control device (not shown) for controlling a phase shifter and the like. Yes.
  • a coaxial cable is usually used as the cable 31 to which the transmission / reception signal is supplied.
  • the base station antenna 1 shown in FIG. 1 is divided into three sectors 3. However, in consideration of interference with adjacent sectors 3, the sector antenna 10 has a beam width of 60 ° in a horizontal plane. Composed. Note that the number of sectors 3 (the number of sectors) may be six or other numbers. When the number of sectors is 6, a sector antenna having a beam width of 45 ° may be used.
  • the sector antenna 10 is configured to have a predetermined beam width in the horizontal plane (azimuth angle direction).
  • the beam width is represented by an angle (azimuth angle) in a horizontal plane where the gain is reduced by 3 dB from the maximum value. If the beams overlap between the sectors 3, interference occurs and communication quality deteriorates such as a decrease in communication speed. Therefore, the beam width is narrowed (thinned) so that the beams do not overlap. Conversely, if the beams are not overlapped between the sectors 3, there may be a range where the beams do not reach. For this reason, it may be good to set so that a beam may overlap. The range that the beam reaches is affected by the environment in which the buildings and mountains are installed.
  • the radiation characteristics such as the beam width can be adjusted for each sector antenna 10 in the installed state.
  • the radiation characteristic includes the case where the beam direction, the intensity of the side lobe, and the like are adjusted.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the sector antenna 10 to which the first exemplary embodiment is applied.
  • the sector antenna 10 includes an array antenna 40 in which a plurality of antenna units 100 are arranged, a dielectric member 50 provided so that the distance from the array antenna 40 can be changed, and an array antenna 40 (specifically, a dipole described later).
  • the change mechanism 60 which changes the distance of the element 110) and the dielectric material member 50, and the radome 80 which covers and accommodates these are provided.
  • the radome 80 is indicated by a one-dot chain line and the dielectric member 50 is indicated by a broken line so that the antenna unit 100 can be seen.
  • the change mechanism 60 is an example of a change unit.
  • the antenna unit 100 constituting the array antenna 40 transmits / receives ⁇ 45 ° polarized radio waves to / from a dipole element 111 that transmits / receives + 45 ° polarized radio waves in the vertical direction (perpendicular to the ground). And a dipole element 112. In the case where the dipole element 111 and the dipole element 112 are not distinguished from each other, they are referred to as a dipole element 110.
  • the dipole element 110 is an example of a radiating element.
  • the antenna unit 100 includes a reflector 120 provided at a predetermined distance from the dipole elements 111 and 112.
  • the dipole element 111 and the dipole element 112 are combined so that two dipole elements having the same shape intersect at 90 °.
  • a patch element may be used instead of the dipole element 110 (patch antenna).
  • the reflection plate 120 has four sides bent toward the dipole element 110 side. Note that the four sides of the reflector 120 need not be bent. Moreover, the reflecting plate 120 may be connected between the antenna units 100.
  • the radiating element of the antenna unit 100 radiates polarized waves in the direction of ⁇ 45 ° with respect to the vertical direction.
  • a ⁇ 45 ° polarization sharing antenna an antenna unit for horizontal polarization, vertical polarization, or horizontal / vertical polarization may be used.
  • the dielectric member 50 is a plate-like member made of a resin having a relative dielectric constant ⁇ r of 6.4, as will be described later.
  • the dielectric member 50 is provided to face the dipole element 110 on the side opposite to the reflecting plate 120 (opposite side).
  • the dielectric member 50 has a semi-cylindrical shape bent with a predetermined radius of curvature in the horizontal direction with the vertical direction as an axis.
  • the dielectric member 50 is bent so as to approach the dipole element 110 side as the distance from the vertical line standing at the center of the dipole element 110 from the reflecting plate 120 increases. That is, the dielectric member 50 is bent in a convex shape from the dipole element 110 side.
  • the dielectric member 50 is provided such that the distance from the dipole element 110 can be changed by the changing mechanism 60.
  • the dielectric member 50 as a whole moves (shifts) in a direction (forward direction) away from the dipole element 110 (forward direction).
  • the change mechanism 60 is connected to the dielectric member 50 and moves the dielectric member 50 in the front-rear direction to change the distance between the dipole element 110 and the dielectric member 50.
  • the changing mechanism 60 will be described later.
  • the radome 80 is made of a resin having high radio wave permeability.
  • the portion including the array antenna 40, the dielectric member 50, and the changing mechanism 60 is an antenna, but a single antenna unit 100 may be used instead of the array antenna 40.
  • the antenna housed in the radome 80 is referred to as a sector antenna 10.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the array antenna 40 and the dielectric member 50 in the horizontal plane.
  • the wavelength D of the radio wave in free space is ⁇
  • the distance D between the reflector 120 and the dipole element 110 is set to about ⁇ / 4.
  • the lengths of the dipole elements 111 and 112 are set to about 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ .
  • the horizontal width W of the dipole element 110 is about ⁇ 2 ⁇ / 4
  • the width RefW of the reflector 120 is about 0.9 ⁇
  • the curvature radius R of the dielectric member 50 is about 0.6 ⁇ .
  • the distance H is from the center of the dipole element 110 to the dielectric member 50.
  • the dielectric member 50 has a thickness t.
  • the dielectric constant epsilon r is the dielectric member 50 of 6.4
  • the relative dielectric constant epsilon r is described by taking the dielectric member 50 of 4.0 as an example.
  • a material of the dielectric member 50 having a relative dielectric constant ⁇ r of 6.4 for example, there is a polyester resin.
  • the dielectric member 50 having a relative dielectric constant ⁇ r of 4.0 includes, for example, an epoxy resin filled with silica or glass. Other relative permittivity ⁇ r may be used. In this case, a material corresponding to the relative permittivity ⁇ r may be selected as appropriate.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the directivity characteristics in the horizontal plane when the distance H from the radiating element (dipole element 110) to the dielectric member 50 is changed.
  • This directivity characteristic was obtained by simulation in the 2 GHz band with the relative permittivity ⁇ r of the dielectric member 50 being 6.4 and the thickness t being 5 mm.
  • the beam width becomes narrower as the distance H increases from 0.50 ⁇ to 0.62 ⁇ . That is, by changing the distance H, the radiation characteristics of the sector antenna 10 such as the beam width can be changed.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing changes in the beam width and gain in the horizontal plane when the distance H from the radiating element (dipole element 110) to the dielectric member 50 is changed, and in particular, the thickness t of the dielectric member 50. Shows the change in beam width and gain due to. 5A is a graph in which the vertical axis indicates the beam width (°) and gain (dBi), and the horizontal axis indicates the distance H to the dielectric member 50.
  • FIG. 5B shows the beam width (°) and gain. It is a table
  • the beam width (°) and gain (dBi) were obtained by simulation when the thickness t of the dielectric member 50 was 5 mm and the relative dielectric constant ⁇ r was 6.4 and 4.0. As shown in FIG. 5, when the dielectric member 50 is not provided (no dielectric member), the beam width is 64.1 ° and the gain is 15.0 dBi.
  • the beam width is 65.7 wider than when the dielectric member 50 is not provided (no dielectric member). °.
  • the distance H is 0.53 ⁇ , it is 63.3 °, which is narrower than when the dielectric member 50 is not provided (no dielectric member).
  • the beam width continuously decreases from 65.7 ° to 57.9 °. That is, when the distance H is 0.50 ⁇ , the beam width is wider than when the dielectric member 50 is not provided (no dielectric member).
  • the beam width becomes narrower as the distance H increases.
  • the amount of change in beam width when the distance H is between 0.50 ⁇ and 0.62 ⁇ is 7.8 °.
  • the gain is 15.0 dBi, which is the same as when the dielectric member 50 is not provided (no dielectric member).
  • the amount of change in gain when the distance H is between 0.50 ⁇ and 0.62 ⁇ is ⁇ 0.5 dBi. This is because the gain increases as the beam width becomes narrower.
  • the beam width is 65.6 wider than when the dielectric member 50 is not provided (no dielectric member). °.
  • the beam width is narrower when the distance H is 0.53 ⁇ , which is 64.2 °, which is wider than when the dielectric member 50 is not provided (no dielectric member).
  • the beam width is 62.8 ° narrower than when the dielectric member 50 is not provided when the distance H is 0.56 ⁇ .
  • the beam width continuously decreases from 65.6 ° to 59.8 °.
  • the amount of change between the distance H between 0.50 ⁇ and 0.62 ⁇ is 5.8 °.
  • the gain is 15.0 dBi, which is the same as when the dielectric member 50 is not provided (no dielectric member).
  • the distance H increases from 0.50 ⁇ to 0.62 ⁇ , it continuously increases from 15.0 dBi to 15.4 dBi.
  • the amount of change between the distance H between 0.50 ⁇ and 0.62 ⁇ is ⁇ 0.4 dBi.
  • the provision of the dielectric member 50 makes the beam width wider or narrower than when the dielectric member 50 is not provided.
  • the dielectric member 50 is provided, if the distance H to the dielectric member 50 is increased, the beam width is continuously narrowed.
  • the gain increases continuously as the distance H to the dielectric member 50 is increased.
  • the relative dielectric constant ⁇ r of the dielectric member 50 is larger, the amount of change of the beam width and gain with respect to the distance H is larger.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing changes in the beam width and gain in the horizontal plane when the distance H from the radiating element (dipole element 110) to the dielectric member 50 is changed.
  • 6A is a graph in which the vertical axis indicates the beam width (°) and gain (dBi), and the horizontal axis indicates the distance H to the dielectric member 50.
  • FIG. 6B shows the beam width (°) and gain. It is a table
  • FIG. The beam width (°) and gain (dBi) were obtained by simulation when the relative permittivity ⁇ r was 6.4 and the thickness t of the dielectric member 50 was 5 mm and 3 mm.
  • the beam width is 64.1 ° and the gain is 15.0 dBi.
  • the thickness t of the dielectric member 50 is 5 mm, it is the same as the case where the relative dielectric constant ⁇ r shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B is 6.4.
  • the beam width is 65.9 ° which is wider than the case where the dielectric member 50 is not provided when the distance H to the dielectric member 50 is 0.50 ⁇ .
  • the beam width is narrower when the distance H is 0.53 ⁇ , but is 64.5 ° which is wider than when the dielectric member 50 is not provided.
  • the beam width continuously decreases from 65.9 ° to 59.7 °.
  • the amount of change between the distance H between 0.50 ⁇ and 0.62 ⁇ is 6.2 °.
  • the gain is 15.0 dBi when the distance H is 0.50 ⁇ , which is the same as when the dielectric member 50 is not provided (no dielectric member).
  • the distance H increases from 0.50 ⁇ to 0.62 ⁇ , it continuously increases from 15.0 dBi to 15.4 dBi.
  • the amount of change between the distance H between 0.50 ⁇ and 0.62 ⁇ is ⁇ 0.4 dBi.
  • the beam width and gain which are the radiation characteristics of the antenna are changed.
  • the base station antenna 1 is considered in consideration of surrounding terrain and building conditions, the communication method to be used, the beam width in the horizontal plane of the adjacent sector antenna 10, and the like.
  • the radiation characteristics of the base station antenna 1 can be adjusted to suit the installed environment.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the influence of the dielectric member 50 on the radiation characteristics.
  • the radio wave radiated from the dipole element 110 travels in various paths.
  • the radio wave ⁇ traveling forward passes through the dielectric member 50 as it is.
  • the radio wave ⁇ traveling obliquely forward is refracted when passing through the dielectric member 50 and is reflected at the interface between the dielectric member 50 and air.
  • the radio wave ⁇ traveling backward is reflected by the reflector 120 and proceeds to the dielectric member 50.
  • the light is refracted when passing through the dielectric member 50 and is reflected at the interface between the dielectric member 50 and air. Further, the radio wave ⁇ traveling backward is reflected by the reflecting plate 120 and diffracted at the edge (end) of the dielectric member 50. Further, the radio wave ⁇ traveling backward is reflected by the reflecting plate 120 and passes between the reflecting plate 120 and the dielectric member 50.
  • the radiation characteristic is the sum of these radio waves.
  • the radiation characteristic is changed.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining an example of the changing mechanism 60.
  • 8A is a side view
  • FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIIIB-VIIIB in FIG. 8A.
  • the changing mechanism 60 includes a rotating rod 61 provided so as to penetrate the reflecting plate 120 from the central portion of the dielectric member 50.
  • the rotating rod 61 and the dielectric member 50 are connected so that the rotating rod 61 rotates freely regardless of the dielectric member 50 and moves integrally in the front-rear direction.
  • the rotating rod 61 is provided with, for example, a male screw 61 a at a portion that penetrates the radome 80. Further, the radome 80 is provided with a female screw 80a at a portion through which the rotating rod 61 passes. The male screw 61a and the female screw 80a are combined. And the knob 61b is provided in the outer part which penetrated the radome 80 of the rotating rod 61. As shown in FIG.
  • the guide rod 62 provided so as to penetrate the reflector 120 from the dielectric member 50, like the rotary rod 61. May be provided.
  • the guide member 62 moves (translates) in contact with the hole through which the guide rod 62 provided in the reflector 120 passes in accordance with the movement of the rotating rod 61, so that the dielectric member 50 can be moved stably.
  • the knob 61b at the other end of the rotating rod 61 may be changed to a motor. Then, a signal for rotating the motor may be transmitted from a base station or the like. By remote control from the base station, the distance between the dipole element 110 and the dielectric member 50 can be changed, that is, the radiation characteristic can be adjusted.
  • a signal for rotating the motor may be incorporated as an extended function in an electric remote tilt unit (RET) that remotely controls a phase shifter that adjusts the tilt angle of a radio wave (beam).
  • RET electric remote tilt unit
  • Beam radio wave
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining another example of the changing mechanism 60.
  • 9A is a side view
  • FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view taken along line IXB-IXB in FIG. 9A.
  • the changing mechanism 60 includes a support bar 63 provided so as to penetrate the reflector 120 from the center of the dielectric member 50, and a rotating bar 64 that moves the support bar 63 in the front-rear direction.
  • One end of the support bar 63 is fixed to the dielectric member 50.
  • a rack 63 a that is geared in the longitudinal direction of the support bar 63 is provided at a portion that contacts the back side of the reflection plate 120.
  • a pinion (gear) 64a is provided at one end of the rotating rod 64 so as to be combined with the rack 63a.
  • the other end of the rotating rod 64 penetrates the bottom surface (lower surface) of the radome 80 and protrudes outside the sector antenna 10.
  • the hole through which the rotating rod 64 penetrates the bottom surface of the radome 80 is configured to rotate smoothly (slidably rotate) while the rotating rod 64 is in contact.
  • the knob 64b is provided at the other end of the rotating rod 64, and the pinion 64a rotates by turning the knob 64b.
  • the rotational motion of the pinion 64a is converted into a translational motion by the rack 63a, and the position of the dielectric member 50 with respect to the dipole element 110 is moved in the front-rear direction.
  • a guide provided so as to penetrate the reflector 120 from the dielectric member 50 in the same manner as the support bar 63.
  • a rod 65 may be provided. The movement of the dielectric member 50 is stabilized by moving (translating) the guide bar 65 in contact with the hole through which the guide bar 65 provided in the reflecting plate 120 passes in accordance with the movement of the support bar 63.
  • the operation unit (knob 64b) of the changing mechanism 60 is provided below the sector antenna 10, the radiation characteristics can be easily adjusted after the base station antenna 1 (sector antenna 10) is installed. Become.
  • the knob 64b at the other end of the rotating rod 64 may be changed to a motor. Then, a signal for rotating the motor may be transmitted from a base station or the like. By remote control from the base station, the distance between the dipole element 110 and the dielectric member 50 can be changed, that is, the radiation characteristic can be adjusted. In addition, by incorporating a signal for rotating the motor as an extended function of RET, it is possible to adjust the radiation characteristics as well as tilt control.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining yet another example of the change mechanism 60.
  • 10A is a side view
  • FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XB-XB in FIG. 10A.
  • the changing mechanism 60 includes a rack 50a, 50b provided on the dielectric member 50, a rotating rod 66 having a pinion 66a combined with the rack 50a, and a pinion 67a combined with the rack 50b.
  • a rotating rod 67 having The racks 50a and 50b are provided in the center part in the vertical direction of the dielectric member 50 at a portion obtained by extending both ends in the horizontal plane.
  • the racks 50a and 50b are provided in parallel in the horizontal plane.
  • the rotating rod 66 is provided with a pinion 66a combined with the rack 50a at one end, and the other end passes through the bottom surface (lower surface) of the radome 80.
  • a knob 66 b is provided at the other end of the rotating rod 66.
  • the hole through which the rotating rod 66 penetrates the bottom surface of the radome 80 is configured to rotate smoothly (slidably rotate) while the rotating rod 66 is in contact.
  • the rotating rod 67 is provided with a pinion 67 a combined with the rack 50 b at one end, and the other end penetrates the bottom surface of the radome 80.
  • the hole through which the rotating rod 67 penetrates the bottom surface of the radome 80 is configured to rotate smoothly (slidably rotate) while the rotating rod 67 is in contact.
  • the operation unit (knobs 66b and 67b) of the changing mechanism 60 is provided below the sector antenna 10, after the base station antenna 1 (sector antenna 10) is installed, the radiation characteristics can be adjusted in the installed state. It becomes possible.
  • knobs 66b and 67b at the other end of the rotating rod 66 may be changed to motors. Then, a signal for rotating the motor may be transmitted from a base station or the like. By remote control from the base station, the distance between the dipole element 110 and the dielectric member 50 can be changed, that is, the radiation characteristic can be adjusted. In addition, by incorporating a signal for rotating the motor as an extended function of RET, it is possible to adjust the radiation characteristics as well as tilt control.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating still another example of the changing mechanism 60.
  • 11A is a side view
  • FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIB-XIB in FIG. 11A
  • FIG. 11C is taken along line XIB-XIB in FIG. It is other sectional drawing of.
  • the changing mechanism 60 includes guide pins 50c and 50d extending vertically from both ends in the vertical direction of the dielectric member 50, and guide holes 68a into which the guide pins 50c and 50d are inserted. And guide plates 68 and 69 provided with 69a.
  • the guide plate 68 is provided on the lower end side in the radome 80, and the guide plate 69 is provided on the upper end side in the radome 80.
  • One end of a rotating rod 70 provided on the bottom surface (lower surface) of the radome 80 is attached to the center of the guide plate 68.
  • a knob 70 a is provided at the other end of the rotating rod 70.
  • the guide plate 68 and the guide plate 69 are fixed so as to rotate together by rotating the knob 70a of the rotating rod 70.
  • the guide plates 68 and 69 are provided with arcuate guide holes 68a and 69a.
  • the guide holes 68a and 69a have the smallest distance H from the dipole element 110 to the dielectric member 50 when the guide pins 50c and 50d come to one end (see FIG. 11B), and the other end When the guide pins 50c and 50d come, the distance H from the dipole element 110 to the dielectric member 50 is the largest (see FIG. 11C).
  • the guide plates 68 and 69 are rotated.
  • the guide holes 68a and 69a move.
  • the guide pins 50c and 50d inserted into the guide holes 68a and 69a move along the guide holes 68a and 69a.
  • the position of the dielectric member 50 moves forward or backward relative to the dipole element 110.
  • the operation unit (knob 70a) of the changing mechanism 60 is provided below the sector antenna 10, the radiation characteristics can be easily adjusted after the base station antenna 1 (sector antenna 10) is installed. Become.
  • the knob 70a at the other end of the rotating rod 70 may be changed to a motor. Then, a signal for rotating the motor may be transmitted from a base station or the like. By remote control from the base station, the distance between the dipole element 110 and the dielectric member 50 can be changed, that is, the radiation characteristic can be adjusted. In addition, by incorporating a signal for rotating the motor as an extended function of RET, it is possible to adjust the radiation characteristics as well as tilt control.
  • the dielectric member 50 is formed in a cylindrical shape.
  • the dielectric member 50 is configured by connecting a plurality of dielectric plates using a plurality of hinges in a horizontal plane.
  • the shape of the body member 50 may be pseudo-cylindrical. If the radius of curvature of the dielectric member 50 is set in the initial design stage and the distance H of the dielectric member 50 having the preset radius of curvature is changed using the changing mechanism 60 shown in FIGS. Good.
  • the dielectric member 50 has a semi-cylindrical shape.
  • the dielectric member 50 is bent in a mountain shape in the horizontal plane.
  • the same parts as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and different parts are described.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the sector antenna 10 to which the second exemplary embodiment is applied.
  • a portion facing the dipole element 110 is bent in a mountain shape.
  • FIG. 12 shows a case where an opening angle ⁇ described later is less than 180 °.
  • the dielectric member 50 has a portion that intersects the perpendicular line standing from the reflecting plate 120 at the center of the dipole element 110 at a distance farthest from the dipole element 110, and is closer to the distance in the horizontal direction in the horizontal plane. Become. That is, the dielectric member 50 is bent in a convex shape from the dipole element 110 side. The reverse is also possible. In this case, the dielectric member 50 is bent in a concave shape from the dipole element 110 side.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the array antenna 40 and the dielectric member 50 in the horizontal plane.
  • FIG. 13A shows a case where the opening angle ⁇ is less than 180 °
  • FIG. 13B shows a case where the opening angle ⁇ exceeds 180 °.
  • the wavelength of the radio wave in the free space is ⁇
  • the distance D between the reflector 120 and the dipole element 110 and the width W of the dipole element 110 in the horizontal plane are the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the distance H is from the dipole element 110 to the central portion of the mountain shape of the dielectric member 50, and the angle of the mountain shape of the dielectric member 50 is the opening angle ⁇ .
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing changes in the beam width and gain in the horizontal plane when the distance H from the radiating element (dipole element 110) to the dielectric member 50 is changed.
  • 14A is a graph in which the vertical axis indicates the beam width (°) and gain (dBi), and the horizontal axis indicates the distance H to the dielectric member 50.
  • FIG. 14B shows the beam width (°) and gain. It is a table
  • the beam width (°) and gain (dBi) were obtained by simulation with the thickness t of the dielectric member 50 being 5 mm, the opening angle ⁇ being 135 °, and the relative dielectric constant ⁇ r being 6.4. As shown in FIG. 14, when the dielectric member 50 is not provided (no dielectric member), the beam width is 64.1 ° and the gain is 15.0 dBi.
  • the beam width is narrower when the dielectric member 50 is provided than when the dielectric member 50 is not provided.
  • the beam width continuously decreases from 63.2 ° to 53.7 ° as the distance H to the dielectric member 50 increases from 0.50 ⁇ to 0.62 ⁇ .
  • the amount of change in beam width when the distance H is between 0.50 ⁇ and 0.62 ⁇ is 9.5 °.
  • the gain becomes higher when the dielectric member 50 is provided than when the dielectric member 50 is not provided.
  • the gain increases continuously from 15.2 dBi to 15.9 dBi as the distance H to the dielectric member 50 increases from 0.50 ⁇ to 0.62 ⁇ .
  • the amount of change in gain when the distance H is between 0.50 ⁇ and 0.62 ⁇ is ⁇ 0.7 dBi.
  • the beam width becomes narrower and the gain becomes higher than when the dielectric member 50 is not provided.
  • the beam width decreases and the gain increases.
  • the distance H from the dipole element 110 to the dielectric member 50 can be changed even if the mountain-shaped dielectric member 50 is provided instead of the semi-cylindrical dielectric member 50 described in the first embodiment.
  • the radiation characteristic of the sector antenna 10 is adjusted. Accordingly, the opening angle ⁇ of the dielectric member 50 is set in the initial design stage, and the dielectric member 50 having the preset opening angle ⁇ is set to the distance H using the changing mechanism 60 shown in FIGS. Can be changed.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a change in the beam width in the horizontal plane when the opening angle ⁇ of the dielectric member 50 is changed.
  • 15A is a graph in which the vertical axis indicates the beam width (°) and the horizontal axis indicates the opening angle ( ⁇ ) of the dielectric member 50.
  • FIG. 15B shows the beam width (°) and the dielectric member 50. It is a table
  • the beam width (°) was obtained by simulation with the thickness t of the dielectric member 50 being 5 mm and the relative dielectric constant ⁇ r being 6.4. As shown in FIG. 15, when the opening angle ⁇ is 90 ° and 120 °, the beam width is 64.8 °.
  • the beam width decreases from 61.5 ° to 49.5 °. That is, with the opening angle ⁇ of 120 ° or more, the beam width is continuously narrowed as the opening angle ⁇ increases, with the case of a plane having an opening angle ⁇ of 180 °.
  • the beam width which is the radiation characteristic of the sector antenna 10 is changed by disposing the dielectric member 50 in front of the dipole element 110 and changing the opening angle ⁇ with respect to the dipole element 110.
  • changing the opening angle ⁇ changes the distance between the dielectric member 50 and the dipole element 110.
  • the gain also changes as the beam width changes. Therefore, for example, two dielectric plates are connected by a hinge to form the dielectric member 50 so that the opening angle ⁇ can be changed, the position of the hinge is fixed, and both ends of the dielectric member 50 are fixed. What is necessary is just to change the distance of (the edge part which cross
  • the beam width is adjusted for each sector antenna 10 constituting the base station antenna 1 in the installed state so that it is suitable for the installed environment.
  • the radiation characteristics of the base station antenna 1 (sector antenna 10) can be adjusted.
  • the beam width and the gain can also be changed by changing the radius of curvature of the semicylindrical dielectric member 50.
  • a dielectric member 50 is configured by connecting a plurality of dielectric plates using a plurality of hinges in a horizontal plane, and the shape of the dielectric member 50 is made a pseudo-cylindrical shape and adjacent to each other.
  • the curvature radius is changed by adjusting the angle between the dielectric plates to be hinged, and the distance between the both end portions (end portions intersecting the horizontal plane) of the dielectric member 50 and the dipole element 110 may be changed. This can be dealt with by changing the changing mechanism 60 shown in FIGS.
  • FIG. 16 shows changes in the beam width and gain in the horizontal plane when the distance H from the radiating element (dipole element 110) to the dielectric member 50 is changed in the dielectric member 50 having an opening angle ⁇ of 180 °.
  • FIG. 16A is a graph in which the vertical axis indicates the beam width (°) and gain (dBi), and the horizontal axis indicates the distance H to the dielectric member 50.
  • FIG. 16B shows the beam width (°) and gain. It is a table
  • the beam width (°) and gain (dBi) were obtained by simulation, assuming that the thickness t of the dielectric member 50 was 5 mm and the relative dielectric constant ⁇ r was 6.4.
  • the left axis is the beam width (°), and the right axis is the gain (dBi). Since the opening angle ⁇ is 180 °, the flat dielectric member 50 is disposed on the front surface of the dipole element 110. As shown in FIG. 16, when the dielectric member 50 is not provided (no dielectric member), the beam width is 64.1 ° and the gain is 15.0 dBi.
  • the beam width is narrower when the dielectric member 50 is provided than when the dielectric member 50 is not provided.
  • the beam width is 60.0 ° which is the maximum value when the distance H is 0.53 ⁇ , and the beam width becomes narrow regardless of whether the distance H is smaller or larger.
  • the amount of change in beam width when the distance H is between 0.50 ⁇ and 0.62 ⁇ is 12.0 °.
  • the gain becomes higher when the dielectric member 50 is provided than when the dielectric member 50 is not provided. Then, the gain becomes the minimum value of 15.3 dBi when the distance H to the dielectric member 50 is 0.50 ⁇ and 0.53 ⁇ , and as the distance H increases from 0.56 ⁇ to 0.62 ⁇ , 15. It continuously increases from 5 dBi to 16.2 dBi.
  • the amount of change in gain when the distance H is between 0.50 ⁇ and 0.62 ⁇ is ⁇ 0.9 dBi.
  • the dielectric member 50 shown in the first embodiment has a semi-cylindrical shape (see FIGS. 5 and 6) or when the dielectric member 50 shown in the second embodiment has a mountain shape ( In the case of FIGS. 14 and 15), the change in beam width is continuous compared to the case where the dielectric member 50 is flat, and it is easy to use for adjusting the radiation characteristics.
  • the dielectric member 50 is moved with respect to the dipole element 110, but the dipole element 110 may be moved with respect to the dielectric member 50.
  • the dipole element 110 that transmits and receives radio waves in the frequency band near 2 GHz has been described. The same applies to radio waves in other frequency bands.
  • SYMBOLS 1 Base station antenna, 2 ... Cell, 3-1, 3-1 to 3-6 ... Sector, 10, 10-1 to 10-6 ... Sector antenna, 11 ... Main lobe, 20 ... Steel tower, 40 ... Array antenna, 50 ... Dielectric member, 60 ... Change mechanism, 80 ... Radome, 100 ... Antenna unit, 110, 111, 112 ... Dipole element, 120 ... Reflector

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Cette antenne est pourvue : d'un élément dipôle 110 ; d'une plaque réfléchissante 120 qui est disposée à une distance prédéterminée de l'élément dipôle 110 ; d'un élément diélectrique 50 qui est disposé par rapport à l'élément dipôle 110, ledit élément diélectrique étant du côté de l'élément dipôle 110 opposé à la plaque réfléchissante 120 ; et d'un mécanisme de changement 60 qui change, dans un état dans lequel l'antenne est installée, la distance entre l'élément dipôle 110 et l'élément diélectrique 50.
PCT/JP2017/006842 2017-02-23 2017-02-23 Antenne et antenne à secteurs WO2018154676A1 (fr)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0297102A (ja) * 1988-10-04 1990-04-09 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 平面アンテナ装置
JPH09232858A (ja) * 1996-02-21 1997-09-05 Anten Kk Ｖ／ｈ偏波ダイバシティアンテナ及びそのアレーアンテナ
JP2004015408A (ja) * 2002-06-06 2004-01-15 Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd スロットアレーアンテナ
JP2007081554A (ja) * 2005-09-12 2007-03-29 Fujitsu Ltd ガラスアンテナ及びその製造方法
JP2007201561A (ja) * 2006-01-23 2007-08-09 Maspro Denkoh Corp アンテナ
JP2007258902A (ja) * 2006-03-22 2007-10-04 Denso Corp 車載用誘電体アンテナ及びそのアンテナエレメントの調整方法
US20160009848A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2016-01-14 Basf Se System And Method For Forming A Polyurethane Foam Including On Demand Introduction Of Additive To Resin Component

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0297102A (ja) * 1988-10-04 1990-04-09 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 平面アンテナ装置
JPH09232858A (ja) * 1996-02-21 1997-09-05 Anten Kk Ｖ／ｈ偏波ダイバシティアンテナ及びそのアレーアンテナ
JP2004015408A (ja) * 2002-06-06 2004-01-15 Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd スロットアレーアンテナ
JP2007081554A (ja) * 2005-09-12 2007-03-29 Fujitsu Ltd ガラスアンテナ及びその製造方法
JP2007201561A (ja) * 2006-01-23 2007-08-09 Maspro Denkoh Corp アンテナ
JP2007258902A (ja) * 2006-03-22 2007-10-04 Denso Corp 車載用誘電体アンテナ及びそのアンテナエレメントの調整方法
US20160009848A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2016-01-14 Basf Se System And Method For Forming A Polyurethane Foam Including On Demand Introduction Of Additive To Resin Component

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