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WO2018151692A1 - Système de liaison mécanique assurant une liaison entre un élément de paroi et un élément de support de charge - Google Patents

Système de liaison mécanique assurant une liaison entre un élément de paroi et un élément de support de charge Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018151692A1
WO2018151692A1 PCT/TR2017/050407 TR2017050407W WO2018151692A1 WO 2018151692 A1 WO2018151692 A1 WO 2018151692A1 TR 2017050407 W TR2017050407 W TR 2017050407W WO 2018151692 A1 WO2018151692 A1 WO 2018151692A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
housing
wall
coupling component
slidable coupling
guide track
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/TR2017/050407
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Levent AKGERMAN
Ali Şükrü KAHYAOĞLU
Uğur UZGAN
Utku TIRIC
Barış BİNİCİ
Koray BÜLBÜL
Zafer ERYURTLU
Erdem CANBAY
Kamuran KAHYAOĞLU
Osman YAVAŞOĞLU
Mustafa Kagan OGDU
Halil Ibrahim ALTUN
Original Assignee
Akg Gazbeton İşletmeleri̇ San. Ve Ti̇c. A.Ş.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Akg Gazbeton İşletmeleri̇ San. Ve Ti̇c. A.Ş. filed Critical Akg Gazbeton İşletmeleri̇ San. Ve Ti̇c. A.Ş.
Publication of WO2018151692A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018151692A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/48—Dowels, i.e. members adapted to penetrate the surfaces of two parts and to take the shear stresses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B7/00—Connections of rods or tubes, e.g. of non-circular section, mutually, including resilient connections
    • F16B7/04—Clamping or clipping connections
    • F16B7/044—Clamping or clipping connections for rods or tubes being in angled relationship
    • F16B7/0446—Clamping or clipping connections for rods or tubes being in angled relationship for tubes using the innerside thereof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
    • E04B1/165—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with elongated load-supporting parts, cast in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
    • E04B1/4178—Masonry wall ties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/02—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening members using screw-thread
    • F16B5/0216—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening members using screw-thread the position of the plates to be connected being adjustable
    • F16B5/0233—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening members using screw-thread the position of the plates to be connected being adjustable allowing for adjustment perpendicular to the plane of the plates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mechanical connection system providing connection between a wall element and load-bearing elements to prevent the wall from cracking and overturning under the influence of in-plane and out-of-plane seismic loads affecting a building comprising said wall element and load-bearing element element during an earthquake, and based on the capability of the wall element to move in both directions with respect to the load-bearing element, enabling the building to experience a swaying motion, as well as to a wall system wherein said system is used.
  • Bays in the load-bearing framework of concrete constructions are generally filled with infill walls made of blocks bound together with mortars, adhesives. Since the walls, however, are not load- bearing, they are coupled to columns and beams of a construction that make up the load- bearing framework. Gaps left between the wall and a column or a beam , in turn, are generally filled with mortar.
  • the strength of the wall against out-of-plane loads is its compressive strength and depends on factors such as the strength of the blocks and mortar in the wall, thickness of the mortar in horizontal and vertical joints, etc.
  • the strength of the wall against in-plane loads is its shearing strength and depends on the adhesion between the blocks and the mortar. Since earthquake loads cause shear stresses in the walls of a building, the earthquake resistance response of the building is mainly based on the shearing strength and therefore on the bearing capacity of the walls against shearing forces.
  • I n a building in which the column or beam is more ductile than the wall, the wall can be damaged as a result of load transfer, whereas in a building in which the wall is stronger than the column and beam , the colum n or beam is damaged .
  • Load transfers lead to structural damages both in walls and in colum ns and beams.
  • I n order to prevent these structural damages it is of great importance that a building is capable to make a swaying motion during an earthquake by keeping intact the connections between the wall and columns and between the wall and beams, respectively, and that the aforesaid load transfer is minimized .
  • the objective of the earthquake regulations is to define the m inim um conditions required for an earthquake-resistant design for the entire or part of the structures subjected to earthquake loads.
  • the main principle in the regulations is based on keeping structural and non-structural system elements in buildings free of damage in earthquakes of low intensity, keeping the structural damages possibly to occur in structural and non-structural elements on a limited and repairable level in earthquakes of moderate intensity, and preventing the buildings from collapsing wholly or in part in order to prevent loss of life in severe earthquakes.
  • load- bearing elements making up the bearing framework provide the required rigidity to eliminate torsional irregularity and prevent dangerous torsional vibrations. Since the walls filling the spaces in the bearing framework are in contact to load-bearing elements, the ability to move of the construction elements in a building during earthquake is restricted, and therefore the resistance of the building against said damages caused by in-plane and out-of-plane earthquake loads, and hence the earthquake resistance of the building, is diminished.
  • Connection systems are frequently used in the assembly of construction elements and have a critical function in ensuring the load transfer among construction elements during an earthquake. For this reason, the behavior of connections systems during an earthquake has a direct influence on the behavior of the building and therefore on the way the earthquake influences on the building.
  • connection system used in the connection of the wall with a column and a beam under the influence of in-plane and out-of-plane seismic movements has great importance in allowing the swaying motion of the respective building, in preventing the wall from overturning out of plane, and in preventing the walls, columns and beams against or minimizing said structural damages.
  • connection systems are generally mounted onto the external surface of the respective construction elements. Particularly when it is required to mount a large number of connection systems, their mounting on external surfaces becomes impractical, requiring additional labor and time.
  • the external mounting of connection systems may further require the use of additional sealant, mortar and adhesive and when the mounting is carried out on blocks, potential contour differences occur. Any failure in the stable mounting of the connection system affects the behavior of the connection system under external loads like earthquakes in a negative manner or even may cause the connection system to detach from the respective construction element and become nonfunctional.
  • connection system being easily applied and robust, enabling the respective building to move along with in-plane and out-of-plane movements due to seismic actions, thus enhancing the resistance of the building against damages, namely its earthquake resistance, and also preventing or minimizing the contact between the load-bearing elements and the wall, as well as a wall system constructed using this connection system are required.
  • the present invention relates to a mechanical connection system enabling a wall to move along both directions with respect to its column and beam under influence of earthquake loads in- plane and out-of-plane, preventing the wall from overturning, and thus minimizing the damages to occur in the walls and load-bearing elements of the respective building. More particularly, the present invention relates to a mechanical connection system providing connection between a wall element and a load-bearing element, comprising: a housing which has a receiving space extending in itself and is integrated to the wall element,
  • a head portion of the slidable coupling component inserted into the channel to provide connection between the slidable coupling component and the guide track, a front plate provided in the inlet of the housing and integrated thereto and having an opening in its middle for entry into the receiving space, wherein the slidable coupling component is in connection both with the housing and the guide track such that the slidable coupling component is capable to move reversibly in the housing by means of stopper inserted into the guide slot and guided along the guide slot within the slidable coupling component, and at the same time is capable to move reversibly in the channel of the guide track by means of head portion of slidable coupling component engaged into the channel and guided along the channel.
  • an earthquake-resistant wall system comprising the mechanical connection system referred to above for connecting a wall element and a load-bearing element, the wall system comprising:
  • connection system for connecting between the wall element and the load-bearing element, said connection system comprising : a housing which has a receiving space extending in itself and is integrated to the wall element,
  • a stopper extending from the top of the housing into its interior and preventing the slidable coupling component from leaving the housing
  • a front plate provided in the inlet of the housing and integrated thereto and having an opening in its middle for entry into the receiving space
  • the slidable coupling component is in connection both with the housing and the guide track such that the slidable coupling component is capable to move reversibly in the housing by means of stopper inserted into the guide slot and guided along the guide slot within the slidable coupling component, and at the same time is capable to move reversibly in the channel of the guide track by means of head portion of slidable coupling component engaged into the channel and guided along the channel.
  • the term "wall element” means those elements such as wall blocks and wall panels used in composing the walls, whereas the term “load- bearing element” , as used in the scope of the present invention, refers to those elements which serve to bear loads, e.g. the beams and colum ns.
  • the load-bearing element is made of reinforced concrete and/or steel construction
  • the wall element is made of autoclaved aerated concrete, lightweight concrete, autoclaved concrete, non-autoclaved concrete, brick, construction elements produced using pumice, gypsum boards, construction elements including lightweight aggregates or reinforced building materials.
  • the wall element is autoclaved aerated concrete block and/or autoclaved aerated concrete panel
  • the load-bearing element is reinforced concrete column and/or reinforced concrete beam .
  • the wall system according to the present invention comprises wall, colum ns and beams surrounding the wall composed of said wall elements.
  • the mechanical connection system according to the present invention is used to provide connection between the wall and the beam and/or between the wall and the column in the wall system .
  • an elastic material is used between the wall and load- bearing elements in the earthquake-resistant wall system constructed using the mechanical connection system connecting the wall element and load-bearing element to each other.
  • the elastic material is used for damping the collision between the walls and colum ns and/or beams, reducing the intensity of collusion and preventing structural damages in wall systems, columns and/or beams due to collision .
  • the elastic material is a material selected from a group comprising glass wool, rock wool, ceram ic wool, XPS (extruded polystyrene) heat insulation boards, EPS (expanded polystyrene) heat insulation boards, polymer-based foam materials such as polyurethane foam , mastics, gypsum boards, cement- based heat insulation boards.
  • the housing comprised in the mechanical connection system according to the present invention is integrated to the wall element, and more specifically it is embedded in the wall element.
  • the interior of the housing embedded in the wall is hollow, creating a receiving space for the slidable coupling component.
  • the stopper provided on the housing and extending towards the receiving space stays inserted into the guide slot in the slidable coupling component.
  • the length of the guide slot provided in the slidable coupling component determines the displacement extent of the slidable coupling component in the housing.
  • the stopper inserted into the guide slot proceeds from one end of the guide slot to its opposite end as the slidable coupling component moves towards the exterior of the housing .
  • the slidable coupling component is allowed to move towards the exterior of the housing to the extent that the stopper proceeds along the guide slot.
  • the distance which the slidable coupling component can displace is determined by the length of the guide slot.
  • the guide track is mounted to a load-bearing element using fasteners inserted through holes provided on an upper part and a lower part of the guide track and fixed to the load bearing element so that the guide track and housing come face to face.
  • the guide track is mounted to the surface of a load-bearing element, a column or a beam , that is opposite of the housing embedded into the wall element . I n order to properly compose the connection system and let it function properly, the guide track and the housing must be at the proper level relative to each other.
  • the holes provided in the upper and lower parts of the guide track are horizontally wider than the fasteners and the guiding track is loosely fastened to the load-bearing element that allows fasteners to be moved freely along the holes when applying adequate force before they are tightened.
  • the guide track can be aligned with the housing at the proper level to ensure a proper installation of the connection system .
  • the guide track comprises a channel in which the head of the slidable coupling component can move reversibly.
  • This channel is preferably a C-shaped channel.
  • the head portion of the slidable coupling component is designed to have a shape and dimensions which make it easily movable along the channel of the guide track. The mutual edges of the channel are curved to face each other.
  • the distance between the edges of the channel is smaller than the width of the head of the slidable coupling component engaged into the channel and the depth of the channel is larger than the length of the head of the slidable coupling component .
  • the head of the slidable coupling component is enabled to move reversibly along the channel without going out of the channel.
  • the mechanical connection system according to the present invention enables the wall to move in both directions relative to the load-bearing element without going out of plane under the influence of in-plane and out-of-plane seismic movements during an earthquake and thus imparts to the respective building the ability to make a swaying motion together with the movements caused by earthquake loads.
  • the mechanical connection system according to the present invention enables the building to sway together with earthquake loads and to resist against the structural damages referred to above.
  • the depth of the housing which is integrated to, preferably embedded into the wall element , in the wall element, is fixed using the front plate provided in the front side of the housing.
  • the front plate allows to place the housing into the wall element to an invariable depth in a reliable manner.
  • the housing becomes embedded into the wall element more than required during production and that the front part of the housing becomes partially blocked and therefore the movement of the slidable coupling component is prevented.
  • Another function of the front plate becomes twisted during an earthquake to resist against that the housing embedded in the wall element influenced by seism ic activity or even detached from the wall element.
  • the surface area of the front plate is at least three times larger than that of the surface area of entry of receiving space and allows to place the housing in the wall element to an invariable depth .
  • the housing is associated with the wall element and the guide track is associated with the load-bearing elements, these components are first individually mounted and then are connected with the help of the slidable coupling component placed in the housing and having a continuous connection with the housing by means of the stopper, resulting in the assembly of the mechanical connection system according to the present invention .
  • the stopper extends into the housing and passes through the guide slot in the slidable coupling component so that a continuous connection is achieved between the slidable coupling component and the housing.
  • the housing is mounted to the wall element so as to be embedded therein.
  • the guide track which is as another component of the mechanical connection system according to the present invention, is mounted to those surfaces of columns and beams that face the wall element into which the housing is embedded so as to be aligned with the housing.
  • the mechanical connection system according to the present invention is mounted to a wall system at certain intervals to give a connection that allows the building with the wall elements and the load-bearing elements to make a swaying motion under the influence of in-plane and out-of-plane earthquake loads.
  • the elastic material placed between the wall and the load-bearing element is fixed to the wall element or to the columns and/or beams, i.e. the load-bearing elements.
  • the elastic material is to be fixed to the load-bearing element, i.e. to the column or beam , it is cut to the width and length of the wall and applied along the column and beam either in single piece or in more than one pieces.
  • the place of the guide track to be placed in alignment with the housing opposite of the wall block in which the housing is embedded, is determined on the elasitc material applied to the load-bearing element.
  • a part of the elastic material on the load-bearing element corresponding to the position to which the guide track is to be mounted is removed and the guide track is mounted to the load-bearing element using fasteners through the holes provided in the upper part and lower part of the guide track.
  • the head portion of the slidable coupling component within the housing is inserted into the channel of the guide track mounted to the load-bearing element and the wall element is fixed using mortar.
  • Concerning the application of the elastic material to the wall element it is fixed to the surface of the wall element that faces the load-bearing element before the wall element is placed.
  • the head portion of the slidable coupling component is engaged into the channel of the guide track mounted to the load- bearing element and the wall element is fixed using mortar.
  • a connection is formed between the wall element and the load-bearing element using the mechanical connection system according to the present invention.
  • Concerning the construction of wall systems using the mechanical connection system the procedures given above are repeated depending on whether the elastic material is fixed to the wall element or to the load-bearing element. Any of the methods described above can be applied even if the elastic material is made of foam material.
  • the load-bearing elements are made of reinforced concrete and the wall element is made of reinforced or unreinforced autoclaved aerated concrete.
  • the wall elements made from autoclaved aerated concrete can be produced by any method according to the prior art. According to such methods, water, quartz sand, gypsum, lime, cement and aluminum metal powder are mixed to give a mixture, this mixture in the slurry form is poured into metal moulds, the mixture in the moulds are subjected to curing process under certain heat or atmospheric conditions so that after the transition of the plastic properties of the mixture in the slurry form in time, the mixture becomes semi-hardened and gains cake form .
  • the material in the form of cake removed from the metal moulds is properly sized by a wire cutting apparatus.
  • the material is subjected to autoclaving process under 10-12 bars and 180- 200°C for 2 to 6 hours to be hardened and then packaged in the form of a final product.
  • I n order to embed the housing of the mechanical connection system according to the present invention, basically two methods can be used, i.e. wet mounting and dry mounting.
  • I n a wet mounting method, the mixture prepared for producing the wall element is cured under certain heat or atmospheric conditions and hardened until it becomes semi-hardened to give a cake form , and after the material in cake form is cut to proper sizes for blocks or panels, the mounting position of the housing comprising the slidable coupling component is accurately determined and then the housing is inserted into the material in the cake form until the front plate contacts the surface of the material. Then the material is autoclaved or cured under atmospheric conditions to harden , gaining its final form .
  • reinforcement systems are produced by which the mechanical connection systems according to the present invention are placed to proper positions and are placed into the moulds and the m ixture prepared for the wall element is poured into the moulds.
  • the mixture prepared for the wall element is sem i-hardened to gain the cake form by curing under certain heat or atmospheric conditions and is cut to proper sizes taking into account the places to which reinforcement wires and mechanical connection elements in the reinforcement systems are to be positioned .
  • the material is autoclaved or cured under certain atmospheric conditions to harden for gaining its final form .
  • the mechanical connection systems according to the present invention are placed to and im mobilized at predeterm ined places within the mould by means of magnets placed out of the mould and the m ixture prepared for the wall element is poured into the moulds.
  • the mixture is semi-hardened to be obtained in the cake form by curing under certain heat or under atmospheric conditions, then the material in the cake form is cut into blocks or panels in proper sizes and the material is hardened further by autoclaving or by curing under certain atmospheric conditions to give its final form .
  • a volume with a size slightly larger than the size of the housing to be mounted is carved and removed from the wall element produced according to known methods of the prior art using a carving device and after an adhesive, silicone or a silicone-based material is applied to the carved hollow, the housing is inserted into the hollow and let to fix therein .
  • the size of the components of the mechanical connection system according to the present invention mounted to the wall element and load-bearing elements is important for the mechanical connection system to perform its functions properly.
  • the length of the housing component embedded into the wall can vary depending on whether the load-bearing element opposite of the wall element is a colum n or a beam , and whether the wall element into which the housing is embedded is a block or a panel, it is in the range of 5 cm to 90 cm , preferably in the range of 7 cm to 80 cm , more preferably in the range of 1 0 cm to 60 cm .
  • the length of the slidable coupling component placed in the housing is in the range of 4 cm to 80 cm , preferably in the range of 6 cm to 70 cm , more preferably in the range of 8 cm to 50 cm .
  • the length of the guide track mounted to the load-bearing element is in the range of 5 cm to 40 cm , preferably in the range of 5 cm to 35 cm , more preferably in the range of 7.5 cm to 30 cm .
  • the stopper on the surface of the housing can be placed to any position of the housing surface according to the intended displacement extent of the slidable coupling component.
  • the stopper provided on the housing surface extends into the housing and passes through the guide slot of the slidable coupling component.
  • the length of the guide slot is determined according to the intended displacement extent of the slidable coupling component. Accordingly, the length of the guide slot is in the range of 5 cm to 40 cm , preferably in the range of 5 cm to 30 cm, more preferably in the range of 7.5 cm to 27.5 cm.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a mechanical connection system according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a top view of a mechanical connection system according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view in which the slidable coupling component of a mechanical connection system according to the present invention is displaced to its maximum towards the interior of the housing.
  • Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view in which the slidable coupling component of a mechanical connection system according to the present invention is displaced to its maximum towards the exterior of the housing.
  • Figure 5a shows a perspective view in which both displacement directions of the slidable coupling component of a mechanical connection system according to the present invention relative to the guide track is showed.
  • Figures 5b - 5c show a perspective view in which the lowermost and uppermost positions of the slidable coupling component of a mechanical connection system according to the present invention relative to the guide track are showed respectively when the slidable coupling component moves along the guide track.
  • Figures 5d - 5e show a perspective view in which the farthest and closest positions of the slidable coupling component of a mechanical connection system according to the present invention relative to the guide track are showed respectively, when the slidable coupling component moves towards the exterior of the housing.
  • Figure 6 shows a front view of the guide track in the mechanical connection system according to the present invention mounted to a load-bearing element, showing the displacement direction of the guide track with respect to a column.
  • Figure 7 shows a vertical cross-sectional view of a wall system wherein the housings of the mechanical connection system according to the present invention are embedded into wall blocks and the guide tracks of mechanical connection system according to the present invention are mounted to columns.
  • Figure 8 shows a vertical cross-sectional view of a wall system wherein the housings of the mechanical connection system according to the present invention are embedded into wall blocks and the guide tracks of the mechanical connection system according to the present invention are mounted to columns and beam.
  • Figure 9 shows a vertical cross-sectional view of the mechanical connection system according to the present invention in a wall system for providing connection between a wall block and column.
  • Figure 10 shows a vertical cross-sectional view of the mechanical connection system according to the present invention in a wall system for providing connection between a wall block and a beam.
  • Figure 1 1 a A top view of a housing with horizontally notched lower and upper surfaces of the mechanical connection system according to the present invention.
  • Figure 1 1 b shows a top view of a housing with diagonally notched lower and upper surfaces of the mechanical connection system according to the present invention.
  • Figure 1 1 c shows a perspective view of a housing with additional parts provided on its lower and upper surfaces of the mechanical connection system according to the present invention.
  • Figure 1 1 d shows a perspective view of a housing with additional parts provided on its lower and upper and lateral surfaces of the mechanical connection system according to the present invention.
  • Figure 1 shows an example of a mechanical connection system (1 ) according to the present invention wherein a slidable coupling component (2) has continuous connection with a housing (4) and a guide track (6) .
  • the slidable coupling component (2) in connection with the housing (4) extends from within the housing (4) towards the guide track (6) , wherein a continuous connection is provided between the housing (4) and the guide track (6) by means of a head portion of the slidable coupling component (3) inserted into a C-shaped channel (7) of the guide track (6) .
  • the head of the slidable coupling component (3) can freely move along the C-shaped channel of the guide track (7) .
  • the edges (7a, 7b) of the C- shaped channel are curved to face each other. For this reason, the distance along the channel (7) between the two edges (7a, 7b) of the C-shaped channel is smaller than the width of the head of the slidable coupling component (3) engaged into the C-shaped channel (7) .
  • the depth of the C-shaped channel (7) is larger than the length of the head of the slidable coupling component (3) .
  • the head of the slidable coupling component (3) is enabled to move reversibly along the channel (7) without going out of the channel (7) .
  • the head of the slidable coupling component (3) can have any shape as long as it fulfills said conditions.
  • the head of the slidable coupling component (3) is T-shaped, for instance, as shown in figure 1 .
  • a front plate (8) which is integrated to the housing (4) .
  • Figure 2 shows a top view of a mechanical connection system (1 ) according to the present invention, wherein the position of the T-shaped head of the slidable coupling component (3) in the C-shaped channel (7) is shown from the top.
  • a stopper (9) one end of which can be seen on the housing (4) , extends into the housing (4) . I n the top view of the mechanical connection system (1 ) shown in Figure 2, the stopper (9) is aligned with a guide slot (10) of the slidable coupling component.
  • the other end of the stopper (9) is inserted into the guide slot (10) provided in the slidable coupling component (2) extending from within the housing (4) towards the guide track (6) .
  • the stopper (9) is fixed to the upper side of the housing (4) and is in the form of a screw or a pin.
  • FIG. 3 which shows the maximum distance traveled by the slidable coupling component (2) towards the interior of the housing (4) in the mechanical connection system (1 ) according to the present invention
  • the stopper (9) is inserted into the guide slot (10) provided in the body of the slidable coupling component (1 1 ) .
  • the guide slot (10) is in the form of a oblong hole provided in the body of the slidable coupling component (1 1 ) .
  • the slidable coupling component (2) when the slidable coupling component (2) is moved towards the interior or exterior of the housing (4) , also the end of the stopper (9) extending into the housing (4) displaces in the guide slot (10) .
  • the stopper (9) rests against one of the two ends of the guide slot (10a, 10b) , the slidable coupling component (2) cannot move further.
  • the maximum displacement amount of the slidable coupling component (2) in the housing (4) is equal to the distance traveled by the stopper (9) from one end (10a) of the guide slot to the other (10b) .
  • Figure 3 gives a cross-sectional view in which the slidable coupling component (2) placed in the housing (4) is maximally displaced into the housing (4) , wherein the stopper (9) rests against the end (10a) of the guide slot at its head side.
  • This position of the slidable coupling component (2) in the housing (4) provides ease when the housing (4) is mounted to a wall element in which it is embedded.
  • the slidable coupling component (2) is enabled to reversibly move towards the exterior of the housing (4) along the distance determined by the guide slot (10) without leaving the housing (4) during an earthquake.
  • the position of the stopper (9) is determined according to the intended reversible displacement amount of the slidable coupling component (2) towards the exterior of the housing (4) during an earthquake.
  • the mechanical connection system (1 ) is designed so that the slidable coupling component (2) having a continuous connection with the housing (4) and the guide track (6) and providing a connection between these two components can displace reversibly both towards the exterior of the housing (4) and along the channel of the guide track (7) under the influence of the earthquake loads in-plane and out-of-plane.
  • the directions of displacement of the slidable coupling component (2) in the mechanical connection system (1 ) providing a continuous and movable connection between a wall element and load- bearing element under the influence of earthquake loads are shown with arrows.
  • the displacement of the slidable coupling component (2) in the housing (4) and along the guide track (6) is bidirectional, namely reversible, enabling the respective building to make a swaying motion under earthquake loads.
  • the displacement in the directions indicated with the arrows of the slidable coupling component (2) providing connection between the housing (4) integrated to, preferably embedded into a wall element, and the guide track (6) mounted onto the surface of a load-bearing element opposite of the housing (4) enhances the resistance of the respective building against structural damages by enabling the building to sway under seismic movements.
  • inlet of the receiving space (5) of the housing is provided exactly at the middle of the front plate (8) .
  • the surface area of the front plate (8) is at least 2-3 times larger than that of the inlet of receiving space
  • the front plate (8) also becomes twisted due to the influences of seismic activity during an earthquake and resists against that the housing (4) embedded in the wall element becomes effected from seismic activity or even detached from the wall element.
  • FIG. 5b and Figure 5c show the position of the slidable coupling component (2) on the upper part (6a) and lower part (6b) of the guide track.
  • the slidable coupling component (2) under the influence of earthquake loads displaces between two ends (6c, 6d) along the guide track (6) with its head portion (3) (not shown in figure 5b) being engaged to the C-shaped channel (7) .
  • both ends of the guide track (6c, 6d) are left open.
  • the head portion of the slidable coupling component (3) within the housing embedded in the wall can be inserted into the C-shaped channel (7) from the upper end (6c) or the lower end (6d) of the guide track.
  • the head portion of the slidable coupling component (3) is vertically inserted into the C-shaped channel and then brought to a horizontal position so as to engage the channel.
  • the slidable coupling component (2) displaces reversibly along the C-shaped channel (7) of the guide track and at the same time reversibly within in the housing (4) .
  • the guide slot (10) provided in the body of the slidable coupling component (1 1 ) guides the stopper (9) .
  • Figure 5d and Figure 5e respectively show the farthest position and the closest position of the housing (4) to the guide track (6) during the displacement of the slidable coupling component (2) in the housing (4) under the influence of earthquake loads.
  • the stopper (9) rests against the end of the guide slot (10b) at its rear side and the slidable coupling component (2) is not allowed to move further towards the exterior of the housing (4) .
  • the wall element is not allowed to move away from the load-bearing element beyond a certain distance.
  • the guide track (6) as one of the components of the mechanical connection system (1 ) according to the present invention is mounted to the surface of the load-bearing element facing the housing (4) .
  • Figure 6 shows the guide track (6) after it is mounted to a load-bearing element (12) .
  • holes (6e, 6f) are provided through which fasteners (14, 15) such as screws and nails are passed and they are fixed for mounting the guide track (6) to the load-bearing element (12) .
  • the housing (4) and the guide track (6) have to be in alignment face-to-face.
  • the holes (6e, 6f) provided in the upper and lower parts of the guide track (6) are horizontally wider than the fasteners (14, 15) and the guiding track (6) is loosely fastened to the load-bearing element (12) that allows fasteners (14, 15) to be moved freely along the holes (6e, 6f) when applying adequate force before they are tightened.
  • the head portion of the slidable coupling component (3) within the housing (4) embedded into the wall element can be easily inserted to the C-shaped channel of the guide track (7) and after the mechanical connection system (1 ) is installed as described above, the intended connection between the wall element (13) and load-bearing element (12) is achieved.
  • the holes (6e, 6f) provided in the upper (6a) and lower part (6b) of the guide track have each an oblong shape.
  • the fasteners (14, 15) connecting the guide track (6) to the load- bearing element (12) through said oblong holes (6e, 6f) are mounted in an adjustable looseness to bring the guide track (6) and the housing (4) in alignment when applying adequate force.
  • a wall system is constructed using the mechanical connection system (1 ) according to the present invention producing a connection between a wall element and a load-bearing element and enabling the respective building to sway under the influence of earthquake loads.
  • wall block (13) is used as a wall element and column (12a) and beam (12b) are used as a load-bearing element.
  • Figure 7 illustrates a vertical cross-section of a wall system (16) in which the mechanical connection systems (1 ) according to the present invention is mounted for providing connection between a wall block (13) and columns (12a) .
  • the housing (4) is embedded into the wall block (13) and the guide track (6) is mounted to the surface of the column (12a) facing the housing (4) .
  • the mechanical connection system (1 ) provides connection between the wall block (13) and the column (12a) by means of the slidable coupling component (2) which has a continuous connection both with the housing (4) and the guide track (6).
  • the wall blocks (13) having embedded housings (4) are placed at certain intervals opposite of the column (12a).
  • an elastic material (18) is used between the wall (17) and the column (12a) to help absorb the energy released during an earthquake. Before the wall blocks (13) are immobilized, the elastic material (18) is cut to the width of the wall block (13) staying opposite of the column (12a) and then applied, in particular adhered, along the column (12a).
  • the position of the guide track (6) to be placed in alignment with the housing (4) is determined on the elastic material (18) applied to the column (12a), opposite of the wall block (13) having an embedded housing (4).
  • a portion of the elasitic material (18) applied to the column (12a) is removed through which the guide track (6) is to be mounted and the guide track (6) is mounted to the column (12a).
  • the head portion of the slidable coupling component (3) is inserted to the C-shaped channel of the guide track (7) and the block is immobilized by means of mortar.
  • a connection is formed between the wall block (13) and the column (12a) by means of the mechanical connection system (1) according to the present invention.
  • Figure 8 shows a vertical cross-section of a wall system (19) formed using the mechanical connection systems (1) according to the present invention for providing connection both between wall blocks (13) and columns (12a) and between wall blocks (13) and beams (12b).
  • Forming a connection between a wall (17) and a column (12a) using the mechanical connection systems (1) according to the present invention is carried out as described above.
  • Forming a connection between a wall (17) and a beam (12b) using the mechanical connection systems (1) according to the present invention is carried out in a similar manner. It can be seen in Figure 8 that some wall blocks (13) having embedded housings (4) are placed in certain intervals in alignment with some guide track (6).
  • the elastic material (18) is cut to the width of the wall blocks (13) staying opposite of the beam and then applied along the beam (12b).
  • the place of the guide track (6) to be placed in alignment with the housing (4) is determined on the elastic material (18) applied to the beam (12b), opposite of the wall block (13) in which the housing (4) is embedded.
  • a portion of the elastic material (18) applied to the beam (1 2b) , through which the guide track (6) is to be mounted is removed and the guide track (6) is mounted to the beam (12b) .
  • the housing (4) are embedded into wall blocks (13) and the guide track (6) are mounted to a column (12a) and a beam (12b) , respectively.
  • the mechanical connection system (1 ) according to the present invention provides connection between the wall block and column and between the wall block and beam, by virtue of the fact that the slidable coupling component (2) having a continuous connection with the housing (4) and with the guide track (6) at the same time.
  • the housing (4) and the guide track (6) are in alignment and the head of the slidable coupling component (3) having connection with the housing (4) is engaged to the C-shaped channel of the guide track (7) .
  • the elastic material used between the walls (17) and columns (12a) and between the walls (17) and beams (12b) helps absorbing the energy released during an earthquake. Additionally, modifications made on the surfaces of the housing (4) embedded in wall elements increase the friction between the wall element and the surfaces of the housing (4) for preventing the detachment and separation of the housing (4) from the wall element during an earthquake.
  • Figures 1 1 a, 1 1 b, 1 1 c and 1 1 d show examples of modifications on the upper surface (4a) and lower surface (4b) of the housing (4) , namely, a top view of a housing (4) having horizontal notches (20) on its lower surface (4b) and upper surface (4a) , a top view of a housing (4) having diagonal notches (21 ) on its lower surface (4b) and upper surface (4a) , a perspective view of a housing (4) provided with additional parts (22) on its lower surface (4b) and upper surface (4a) , and a perspective view of a housing (4) provided with additional parts (22) on its lower surface (4b) , upper surface (4a) , and lateral surface, respectively.
  • the mechanical connection system can be made from metal plates and/or metal profiles of materials proper for metal sheet production such as steel, chromium, galvanized material, iron, aluminum , titanium , vanadium or an alloy thereof , from heat-resistant plastics such as polyamide, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyester-fiber or other composite materials.
  • materials proper for metal sheet production such as steel, chromium, galvanized material, iron, aluminum , titanium , vanadium or an alloy thereof
  • heat-resistant plastics such as polyamide, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyester-fiber or other composite materials.
  • the mechanical connection system is made of a plastic material, typically an injection method is used.
  • injection molds are designed for the C column profile and anchorage element (mechanical connection element) .
  • the mechanical connection system When the mechanical connection system is made from metal plates, it has to be designed according to the material to be used. I n addition to manual cutting methods in which the elongation amount of the respective metal in a bending/breaking operation is taken into account, the cutting process can also be performed by CNC punch, CNC laser or CNC plasma, CNC water jet, for instance.
  • the metal parts which are already bent are joined together using a proper welding method on the metal surfaces.
  • surface coating can optionally be performed using materials such as an anti-corrosive paint to impart resistance against corrosion.
  • a method suitable for the design of the components of the mechanical connection system is determined in the manufacture of the mechanical connection system from metal profiles. When the components of the mechanical connection system are produced from metal profile, the metal profile is cut with saw and brought into its final form through modifications and additions from metal sheet. When necessary, surface coating is performed using anti-corrosive paints to impart resistance against corrosion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un système de liaison mécanique assurant une liaison entre un élément de paroi et un élément de support de charge pour empêcher la paroi de se fissurer et de se renverser pendant un tremblement de terre et, sur la base de la capacité de l'élément de paroi à se déplacer dans les deux directions par rapport à l'élément de support de charge sous l'influence de charges sismiques dans le plan et hors du plan, permettant au bâtiment de connaître un mouvement de balancement, ainsi qu'à un système de paroi dans lequel ledit système est utilisé.
PCT/TR2017/050407 2017-02-15 2017-08-25 Système de liaison mécanique assurant une liaison entre un élément de paroi et un élément de support de charge WO2018151692A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TR2017/02219A TR201702219A1 (tr) 2017-02-15 2017-02-15 Duvar elemani ve taşiyici eleman arasinda bağlanti sağlayan mekani̇k bi̇r bağlanti si̇stemi̇
TR2017/02219 2017-02-15

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WO2018151692A1 true WO2018151692A1 (fr) 2018-08-23

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TR (1) TR201702219A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018151692A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110965609A (zh) * 2019-12-19 2020-04-07 中铁五局集团第二工程有限责任公司 一种取水泵房井圈混凝土拉模施工方法
CN115306052A (zh) * 2022-09-05 2022-11-08 浙江高盛钢结构有限公司 装配式墙体竖向接缝连接结构及其施工方法
IT202200026019A1 (it) 2022-12-20 2024-06-20 Milano Politecnico Elemento di giunzione per tamponamenti in blocchi di calcestruzzo alleggerito

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1403775A (fr) * 1964-05-12 1965-06-25 Perfectionnements concernant l'assemblage des poteaux dans des ossatures déformables de bâtiments
US4194333A (en) * 1978-05-24 1980-03-25 Butler Manufacturing Company Attachment for mounting concrete wall panels on a building
WO2010019044A2 (fr) * 2008-08-13 2010-02-18 Svein Berg Holding As Dispositif pour assembler des éléments de construction
US20100313518A1 (en) * 2007-03-19 2010-12-16 Svein Berg Holding As Joining device
US20140260065A1 (en) * 2013-03-12 2014-09-18 Mitek Holdings, Inc. High-strength partition top anchor and anchoring system utilizing the same

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1403775A (fr) * 1964-05-12 1965-06-25 Perfectionnements concernant l'assemblage des poteaux dans des ossatures déformables de bâtiments
US4194333A (en) * 1978-05-24 1980-03-25 Butler Manufacturing Company Attachment for mounting concrete wall panels on a building
US20100313518A1 (en) * 2007-03-19 2010-12-16 Svein Berg Holding As Joining device
WO2010019044A2 (fr) * 2008-08-13 2010-02-18 Svein Berg Holding As Dispositif pour assembler des éléments de construction
US20140260065A1 (en) * 2013-03-12 2014-09-18 Mitek Holdings, Inc. High-strength partition top anchor and anchoring system utilizing the same

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110965609A (zh) * 2019-12-19 2020-04-07 中铁五局集团第二工程有限责任公司 一种取水泵房井圈混凝土拉模施工方法
CN110965609B (zh) * 2019-12-19 2021-03-23 中铁五局集团第二工程有限责任公司 一种取水泵房井圈混凝土拉模施工方法
CN115306052A (zh) * 2022-09-05 2022-11-08 浙江高盛钢结构有限公司 装配式墙体竖向接缝连接结构及其施工方法
CN115306052B (zh) * 2022-09-05 2023-12-29 阿克陶县诚鑫路桥有限责任公司 装配式墙体竖向接缝连接结构及其施工方法
IT202200026019A1 (it) 2022-12-20 2024-06-20 Milano Politecnico Elemento di giunzione per tamponamenti in blocchi di calcestruzzo alleggerito

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