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WO2018149075A1 - 降噪耳机以及电子设备 - Google Patents

降噪耳机以及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018149075A1
WO2018149075A1 PCT/CN2017/089579 CN2017089579W WO2018149075A1 WO 2018149075 A1 WO2018149075 A1 WO 2018149075A1 CN 2017089579 W CN2017089579 W CN 2017089579W WO 2018149075 A1 WO2018149075 A1 WO 2018149075A1
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Prior art keywords
microphone
noise
main
noise reduction
noise canceling
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PCT/CN2017/089579
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵燕鹏
谢萍
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歌尔股份有限公司
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Application filed by 歌尔股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔股份有限公司
Publication of WO2018149075A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018149075A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of earphone technology, and more particularly to a noise canceling earphone and an electronic device to which the noise canceling earphone is applied.
  • wireless earphones generally have an uplink noise reduction function, and uplink noise reduction is call noise reduction.
  • uplink noise reduction is call noise reduction.
  • the microphone receives the speech signal of the speaker and the noise signal of the surrounding environment, and the above two signals are transmitted to the noise reduction chip, and the noise reduction algorithm is used to filter out the environmental noise signal to ensure that the other party can still listen. To a clear voice signal.
  • the call noise reduction function is usually implemented by a single microphone/double microphone noise reduction algorithm.
  • the principle of the dual-mike noise reduction algorithm is as follows: the microphone close to the speaker's mouth is the main microphone, which is mainly used to pick up the human voice signal; the microphone near the human ear is the secondary microphone, which is mainly used for picking up noise and voice signals.
  • the time when the speech signal reaches the main and sub-microphones is different due to the difference in distance, and the noise reduction algorithm performs noise suppression according to the time difference.
  • the noise reduction performance of the microphone array There are two key parameters for the noise reduction performance of the microphone array: one is the distance between the primary and secondary microphones, and the other is the angle between the secondary microphone array connection and the voice source (such as the mouth) to be enhanced.
  • the distance between the main and sub-microphones is large, and the angle between the main and sub-microphones is small, so the noise reduction performance is good, and vice versa.
  • the distance from the product to the mouth is far, and the conventional distance from the external ear canal to the center of the lips is about 130mm. This is also the distance between the center of the earphone wireless microphone or the microphone array to the center of the lip; 2. The center of the microphone or microphone array is almost picked up from the center of the lip, and the microphone array is connected to the microphone due to the stability requirements.
  • the angle of the line between the array and the center of the lips is usually larger than 30 degrees.
  • the current wireless earphones are small in size, and the distance between the primary and secondary microphones is difficult to meet the minimum distance. From the request. Due to the size of the main microphone, the main microphone is far from the mouth and the call quality is not good.
  • a noise canceling earphone comprises an earphone housing, a main microphone, a noise reduction microphone, an enhancement microphone and a main control chip, and the main microphone, the noise reduction microphone, the enhancement microphone and the main control chip are disposed in the earphone housing,
  • the primary microphone, the noise reduction microphone, and the enhanced microphone are coupled to the master chip, the enhanced microphone being in direct or indirect contact with the skin of a user's ear, the enhanced microphone being configured for receiving through a bone Conducted speech signal.
  • the earphone housing includes a front case for insertion into a user's ear canal, the front case enclosing a front cavity, and the booster microphone is disposed within the front cavity.
  • a sensing element is further disposed in the front cavity, the sensing element includes a contact, an elastic wall and a sidewall, the elastic wall, the sidewall and the The reinforcing microphones are enclosed together to form a closed pressure chamber, and a through hole is provided in the front case, the contact passing through the through hole and connected to the elastic wall, the contact One end of the resilient wall is in contact with the skin of the user's ear, the contact being configured to transmit a bone-conducted voice signal to the resilient wall to cause a change in pressure within the pressure chamber, The booster microphone is configured to sense the change in pressure to vibrate and convert the vibration into an electrical signal.
  • the main microphone is located on a line connecting the noise reduction microphone to a user's mouth.
  • an auxiliary microphone is further included, the auxiliary microphone being located between the main microphone and the noise reduction microphone.
  • the primary microphone and the auxiliary microphone are located on a line connecting the noise reduction microphone to a user's mouth.
  • the booster microphone is disposed at a portion of the front case that is adjacent to a user's vocal cord.
  • a telescopic device is further included, the telescopic device being configured to change a distance between the main microphone and the noise reduction microphone.
  • an electronic device includes the invention The noise canceling earphone provided.
  • the noise canceling earphone has an enhanced microphone capable of receiving a voice signal transmitted via the bone.
  • the speech signal can be made more accurate, so that the noise reduction processing of the main control chip can be performed, and noise reduction can be performed more effectively.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio of the noise canceling headphones is improved.
  • the enhanced microphone can compensate the voice signal received by the main microphone, which improves the call performance of the noise canceling earphone.
  • the voice signal can be accurately picked up by the enhanced microphone, so that the noise canceling earphone maintains a good noise reduction effect.
  • the noise canceling earphone can determine whether the user is speaking. Voice mode and no voice mode can be set on the master chip. The noise canceling headphones switch between the two modes according to the user's usage.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a noise canceling earphone according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of a noise canceling earphone in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a noise canceling earphone with a telescopic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 11 earphone housing; 12: rear cavity; 13: front cavity; 14: auxiliary microphone; 15: main microphone; 16: noise canceling microphone; 17: enhanced microphone; 18: front case; 19: contact; Wall; 21: side wall; 22: pressure chamber; 23: main control chip; 24: skin inside the ear canal; 25: telescopic rod.
  • a noise canceling earphone is provided.
  • the noise canceling earphone can be a wireless earphone or a wired earphone.
  • the noise canceling earphone can be an in-ear earphone, an over-ear earphone or a headset.
  • the noise canceling earphone includes a headphone housing 11, a main microphone 15, a noise canceling microphone 16, an enhanced microphone 17, and a main control chip 23.
  • the main microphone 15, the noise reduction microphone 16, the booster microphone 17, and the main control chip 23 are disposed in the earphone casing 11.
  • the main microphone 15, the noise reduction microphone 16, and the booster microphone 17 are connected to the main control chip 23.
  • the enhanced microphone 17 is in direct or indirect contact with the skin of the user's ear.
  • the enhanced microphone 17 is configured to receive a voice signal conducted through the bone and transmit the signal to the master chip 23.
  • the vibrations generated by the user's vocal cords are transmitted through the human skeleton and then transmitted to the enhanced microphone 17 via the skin to be received.
  • the speech signal transmitted through the bone is less murmur, which makes the pickup of the speech signal more accurate.
  • the main microphone 15 is for picking up a voice signal and transmitting the signal to the master chip 23.
  • the main microphone 15 inevitably picks up and transmits a noise signal.
  • the noise reduction microphone 16 is for picking up the voice signal and the noise signal of the surrounding environment, and transmitting the two signals to the master chip 23.
  • the main control chip 23 receives the speech signals from the enhanced microphone 17, the main microphone 15, and the noise canceling microphone 16, performs noise reduction according to the built-in noise reduction algorithm, and enhances the speech signal.
  • the main control chip 23 is further configured to send the noise reduction processed voice signal to the mobile terminal for playing by the mobile terminal. For example, send it to a smartphone, tablet, etc.
  • the noise canceling earphone has an enhanced microphone 17 that is capable of receiving a voice signal that is transmitted via the bone.
  • the speech signal can be made more accurate, so that the noise reduction processing of the main control chip 23 can be performed, and noise reduction can be performed more efficiently.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio of the noise canceling earphone is improved.
  • the enhanced microphone 17 can compensate the voice signal received by the main microphone 15 and improve the call effect of the noise canceling earphone.
  • the enhanced microphone can improve the low frequency effect of the noise canceling headphones.
  • the voice signal can be accurately picked up by the enhanced microphone 17, so that the noise canceling earphone maintains a good noise reduction effect.
  • the noise canceling earphone can determine whether the user is talking.
  • a voice mode and a voiceless mode may be provided on the main control chip 23.
  • the noise canceling headphones switch between the two modes according to the user's usage.
  • the voiceless mode is turned on. For example, turn off the noise reduction software in this mode, or turn on low power noise reduction to save power. If the noise canceling earphone determines that the user is speaking, the voice mode is turned on. For example, in this mode, the noise reduction software is turned on to make a normal call in the noise reduction mode.
  • 1 is a schematic structural view of a noise canceling earphone according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2 is a partial schematic view of a noise canceling earphone in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the earphone housing 11 includes a front case 18 for insertion into the ear canal of the user and a rear case located outside the ear canal of the user.
  • the front case 18 is coupled to the rear case.
  • a front chamber 13 and a rear chamber 12 that communicate with each other are formed inside the earphone casing 11.
  • the front casing 18 encloses a front cavity 13 and the rear casing encloses a rear cavity 12.
  • the main microphone 15, the noise reduction microphone 16, and the main control chip 23 are disposed in the rear chamber 12.
  • the booster microphone 17 is disposed in the front chamber 13.
  • the enhanced microphone 17 is, for example, a condenser microphone.
  • the front housing 18 is inserted into the ear canal of the user and can create a large compressive force with the skin 24 on the inside of the ear canal. In this way, the reinforcing microphone 17 can be brought into closer contact with the skin 24 on the inner side of the ear canal of the user, and noise interference can be effectively avoided, thereby making the received bone conduction speech signal more accurate.
  • the enhanced microphone 17 is disposed in the back shell and is in contact with the skin within the user's auricle. It is also capable of receiving a speech signal of bone conduction.
  • the noise canceling earphone further includes a sensing element.
  • the enhanced microphone 17 is in indirect contact with the skin of the user's ear.
  • the sensing element is used to deliver a speech signal to the enhanced microphone 17.
  • the sensing element is disposed within the front cavity 13.
  • the sensing element includes a contact 19, an elastic wall 20 and a side wall 21.
  • the resilient wall 20, side walls 21 and reinforcing microphone 17 are enclosed to form a closed pressure chamber 22.
  • a gas having a set pressure is filled in the pressure chamber 22.
  • the sensing element is made of a material such as rubber or silicone.
  • a through hole is provided in the front case 18.
  • the contact 19 passes through the through hole and is coupled to the elastic wall 20.
  • the contact 19 can slide along the through hole.
  • One end of the contact 19 remote from the elastic wall 20 is in contact with the skin of the user's ear.
  • the contact 19 is configured to transmit a bone conduction speech signal to the resilient wall 20 to cause a change in pressure within the pressure chamber 22.
  • the booster microphone 17 is configured to sense the change in pressure to vibrate and convert the vibration into an electrical signal.
  • the bone conduction speech signal causes the contact 19 to vibrate.
  • the contact 19 causes the elastic wall 20 to vibrate.
  • the vibration of the elastic wall 20 changes the volume of the pressure chamber 22.
  • the change in pressure causes the enhanced microphone 17 to vibrate.
  • the enhanced microphone 17 converts the vibration signal into an electrical signal.
  • the enhanced microphone 17 can accurately pick up the bone conduction speech signal. Further, the enhanced microphone 17 can be free from the mounting position.
  • the enhanced microphone 17 is disposed at a portion of the front case 18 that is adjacent to the user's vocal cords.
  • the position of the enhanced microphone 17 is such that the bone conduction path of the bone signal is minimized, thereby making the received speech signal more accurate.
  • the main microphone 15 is located on the line connecting the noise canceling microphone 16 to the user's mouth.
  • the noise canceling microphone 16 is located at the top of the rear case and away from the user's mouth.
  • the main microphone 15 is located at the bottom of the rear case and is close to the user's mouth.
  • the main microphone 15 is located on the line connecting the noise canceling microphone 16 to the user's mouth.
  • the noise canceling headphones can pick up the voice signal more accurately and have a higher signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the noise canceling earphone further includes an auxiliary microphone 14 that is located between the main microphone 15 and the noise canceling microphone 16.
  • the auxiliary microphone 14 is used to assist in picking up the voice signal emitted by the user's mouth.
  • the auxiliary microphone, the main microphone and the noise-reduction microphone form a microphone array, which makes the noise-reducing headphone voice more accurate and has a higher signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the directionality of the microphone array can be improved by the second-order beam, and the pickup effect of the high-frequency speech signal in a strong noise environment can be improved.
  • the primary microphone 15 and the secondary microphone 14 are located on the line connecting the noise reduction microphone 16 to the user's mouth.
  • the noise canceling headphones can pick up the voice signal more accurately and have a higher signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the noise canceling earphone further includes a telescopic device.
  • the telescopic device is configured to change the distance between the main microphone 15 and the noise reduction microphone 16.
  • the expansion and contraction portion employs a telescopic rod 25.
  • a hole is provided in the rear case. The tunnel extends into the rear chamber 12.
  • the telescopic rod 25 slides along the tunnel.
  • the main microphone 15 is disposed at the outer end of the telescopic rod 25. In the stowed state, the telescopic rod 25 slides into the tunnel and the main microphone 15 is embedded in the outer surface of the earplug.
  • the noise canceling earphone is suitable for use in a low noise environment.
  • the noise canceling earphone is suitable for use in a strong noise environment.
  • an electronic device includes the noise canceling earphone provided by the present invention.
  • the electronic device can be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a radio, a smart watch, smart glasses, a PSP, a virtual reality device (VR), or an augmented reality device (AR).
  • the electronic device has the characteristics of good voice effect.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Headphones And Earphones (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种降噪耳机以及电子设备。该耳机包括耳机壳体、主麦克风、降噪麦克风、增强麦克风和主控芯片，主麦克风、降噪麦克风、增强麦克风和主控芯片被设置在耳机壳体内，主麦克风、降噪麦克风和增强麦克风与主控芯片连接，增强麦克风直接或者间接地与用户耳部的皮肤接触，增强麦克风被配置为用于接收通过骨传导的语音信号。该降噪耳机具有信噪比高的特点。

Description

降噪耳机以及电子设备 技术领域
本发明涉及耳机技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种降噪耳机以及应用了该降噪耳机的电子设备。
背景技术
目前无线耳机一般都带有上行降噪功能，上行降噪即通话降噪。例如，在嘈杂环境中打电话时，麦克风接收说话人的语音信号和周围环境的噪声信号，上述两种信号被传递至降噪芯片，通过降噪算法，过滤掉环境噪声信号保证对方仍旧能听到清晰的语音信号。
通话降噪功能通常是通过单麦克风/双麦克降噪算法来实现。
双麦克降噪算法原理如下：靠近说话人嘴部的麦克风为主麦克风，其主要用于拾取人语音信号；靠近人耳部的麦克风为副麦克风，主要用于拾取噪声和语音信号。语音信号到达主副麦克风的时间由于距离不同其时间差也有不同，降噪算法根据时间差来进行噪声抑制。
麦克风阵列降噪性能的好坏有两个关键参数：一是主、副两颗麦克风之间的距离，二是副麦克风阵列连线与要增强的语音声源(例如嘴部)的夹角。主、副麦克风之间的距离大，夹角小，则降噪性能好，反之降噪性能差。
由于无线耳机佩戴及产品设计，目前的无线耳机很难在通话降噪性能上有较大突破，主要原因为：1.产品到嘴的距离较远，外耳道口到嘴唇中心的常规距离约为130mm，这也是通常双耳无线耳机麦克风或麦克风阵列中心到嘴唇中心的距离；2.麦克风或麦克风阵列中心几乎是背对着嘴唇中心拾音，且由于佩戴稳固度的要求，麦克风阵列连线与麦克风阵列-嘴唇中心的连线的角度通常较大，超过30度以上。
目前的无线耳机尺寸较小，主、副麦克风之间的距离很难满足最小距 离要求。受主麦克风尺寸的限制，主麦克风离嘴部较远,通话质量不好。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种降噪耳机的新技术方案。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种降噪耳机。该耳机包括耳机壳体、主麦克风、降噪麦克风、增强麦克风和主控芯片，所述主麦克风、所述降噪麦克风、所述增强麦克风和主控芯片被设置在所述耳机壳体内，所述主麦克风、所述降噪麦克风和所述增强麦克风与所述主控芯片连接，所述增强麦克风直接或者间接地与用户耳部的皮肤接触，所述增强麦克风被配置为用于接收通过骨传导的语音信号。
可选地，所述耳机壳体包括用于插入用户耳道中的前壳，所述前壳围合形成前腔，所述增强麦克风被设置在所述前腔内。
可选地，还包括传感元件，所述传感元件被设置在所述前腔内，所述传感元件包括触点、弹性壁和侧壁，所述弹性壁、所述侧壁和所述增强麦克风围合在一起，以形成密闭的压力腔，在所述前壳上设置有通孔，所述触点穿过所述通孔并且与所述弹性壁连接在一起，所述触点的远离所述弹性壁的一端与用户耳部的皮肤接触，所述触点被配置为能将骨传导的语音信号传递给所述弹性壁，以引起所述压力腔内压强的变化，所述增强麦克风被配置为能感测所述压强的变化而发生振动，并将所述振动转换为电信号。
可选地，所述主麦克风位于所述降噪麦克风与用户嘴部的连线上。
可选地，还包括辅助麦克风，所述辅助麦克风位于所述主麦克风和所述降噪麦克风之间。
可选地，所述主麦克风和所述辅助麦克风位于所述降噪麦克风与用户嘴部的连线上。
可选地，所述增强麦克风被设置在所述前壳的靠近用户声带的部位。
可选地，还包括伸缩装置，所述伸缩装置被配置为能改变所述主麦克风与所述降噪麦克风之间的距离。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供了一种电子设备。该设备包括本发明 提供的所述降噪耳机。
本发明的一个技术效果在于，该降噪耳机具有增强麦克风，该麦克风能够接收经由骨传导的语音信号。通过这种方式，能使语音信号更准确，以便于主控芯片的降噪处理，以及更有效地进行降噪。
此外，通过设置增强麦克风，提高了降噪耳机的信噪比。
此外，增强麦克风可以补偿主麦克风接收的语音信号，提高了降噪耳机的通话效果。
此外，在强噪音环境下，由于骨传导的语音信号受环境噪音的影响小，故通过增强麦克风能够准确地拾取语音信号，从而使降噪耳机保持良好的降噪效果。
此外，根据本发明的一个实施例，通过增强麦克风，降噪耳机能够判断用户是否在说话。可以在主控芯片上设置有语音模式和无语音模式。根据用户的使用情况降噪耳机在两种模式下进行切换。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是根据本发明实施例的降噪耳机的结构示意图。
图2是根据本发明实施例的降噪耳机的局部示意图。
图3是根据本发明实施例的带有伸缩装置的降噪耳机的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
11：耳机壳体；12：后腔；13：前腔；14：辅助麦克风；15：主麦克风；16：降噪麦克风；17：增强麦克风；18：前壳；19：触点；20：弹性壁；21：侧壁；22：压力腔；23：主控芯片；24：耳道内侧的皮肤；25：伸缩杆。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
根据本发明的实施例，提供了一种降噪耳机。例如，该降噪耳机可以是无线耳机或者有线耳机。从佩戴形式上，该降噪耳机可以是入耳式耳机、挂耳式耳机或者头戴式耳机。
该降噪耳机包括耳机壳体11、主麦克风15、降噪麦克风16、增强麦克风17和主控芯片23。主麦克风15、降噪麦克风16、增强麦克风17和主控芯片23被设置在耳机壳体11内。主麦克风15、降噪麦克风16和增强麦克风17与主控芯片23连接。增强麦克风17直接或者间接地与用户耳部的皮肤接触。增强麦克风17被配置为用于接收通过骨传导的语音信号，并将该信号发送给主控芯片23。用户声带发生的振动通过人体骨骼进行传导，再经由皮肤传递到增强麦克风17处，以被接收。经由骨传导的语音信号杂音较少，可以使语音信号的拾取更准确。
主麦克风15用于拾取语音信号，并将该信号发送给主控芯片23。主麦克风15不可避免的拾取并发送了噪音信号。降噪麦克风16用于拾取语音信号和周围环境的噪音信号，并将该两种信号发送给主控芯片23。主控芯片23接收来自增强麦克风17、主麦克风15和降噪麦克风16的语音信号，根据内置的降噪算法进行降噪并对语音信号进行加强。
主控芯片23还用于将降噪处理后的语音信号发送给移动终端，通过移动终端进行播放。例如，发送给智能手机、平板电脑等。
在本发明实施例中，降噪耳机具有增强麦克风17，该麦克风能够接收经由骨传导的语音信号。通过这种方式，能使语音信号更准确，以便于主控芯片23的降噪处理，以及更有效地进行降噪。
此外，通过设置增强麦克风17，提高了降噪耳机的信噪比。
此外，增强麦克风17可以补偿主麦克风15接收的语音信号，提高了降噪耳机的通话效果。
此外，增强麦克风能提高降噪耳机的低频效果。
此外，在强噪音环境下，由于骨传导的语音信号受环境噪音的影响小，故通过增强麦克风17能够准确地拾取语音信号，从而使降噪耳机保持良好的降噪效果。
此外，通过增强麦克风17，降噪耳机能够判断用户是否在说话。可以在主控芯片23上设置有语音模式和无语音模式。根据用户的使用情况降噪耳机在两种模式下进行切换。
例如，如果降噪耳机判断用户没有说话，则开启无语音模式。例如在该模式下关闭降噪软件，或者开启低功率降噪，以节约用电。如果降噪耳机判断用户在说话，则开启有语音模式。例如在该模式下开启降噪软件，以进行正常在降噪模式下的通话。
图1是根据本发明实施例的降噪耳机的结构示意图。图2是根据本发明实施例的降噪耳机的局部示意图。
如图1所示，耳机壳体11包括用于插入用户耳道中的前壳18和位于用户耳道外的后壳。前壳18与后壳连接在一起。在耳机壳体11的内部形成相互连通的前腔13和后腔12。前壳18围合形成前腔13，后壳围合形成后腔12。主麦克风15、降噪麦克风16和主控芯片23被设置在后腔12中。增强麦克风17被设置在前腔13中。增强麦克风17例如是电容式麦克风。前壳18插入用户耳道内，并能与耳道内侧的皮肤24之间形成较大的压紧力。这样，能使增强麦克风17与用户耳道内侧的皮肤24接触更紧密，能够有效地避免噪音的干扰，从而使接收到的骨传导的语音信号更准确。
在其他示例中，增强麦克风17被设置在后壳中，并且与用户耳廓内的皮肤相接触。同样能够接收骨传导的语音信号。
在一个例子中，如图2所示，降噪耳机还包括传感元件。在该例子中，增强麦克风17与用户耳部的皮肤间接地接触。传感元件用于将语音信号传递到增强麦克风17。传感元件被设置在前腔13内。
传感元件包括触点19、弹性壁20和侧壁21。弹性壁20、侧壁21和增强麦克风17围合在一起，以形成密闭的压力腔22。在压力腔22内填充具有设定压强的气体。例如，传感元件由橡胶或者硅胶等材料制作而成。
在前壳18上设置有通孔。触点19穿过通孔并且与弹性壁20连接在一起。触点19能沿通孔滑动。触点19的远离弹性壁20的一端与用户耳部的皮肤接触。
触点19被配置为能将骨传导的语音信号传递给弹性壁20，以引起压力腔22内压强的变化。增强麦克风17被配置为能感测压强的变化而发生振动，并将振动转换为电信号。
在该例子中，骨传导的语音信号带动触点19振动。触点19带动弹性壁20发生振动。弹性壁20的振动使压力腔22的容积发生变化。从而使压力强内气体的压强发生变化。压强的变化带动增强麦克风17发生振动。增强麦克风17将振动信号转换为电信号。
通过这种方式，增强麦克风17能够准确地拾取骨传导的语音信号。此外，增强麦克风17可以不受安装位置的限制。
在一个例子中，增强麦克风17被设置在前壳18的靠近用户声带的部位。这样，增强麦克风17的位置使得骨传导的语音信号传播路径最短，从而使接收到的语音信号更准确。
在一个例子中，主麦克风15位于降噪麦克风16与用户嘴部的连线上。例如，如图1所示，降噪麦克风16位于后壳的顶部，并且远离用户嘴部。主麦克风15位于后壳的底部，并且靠近用户嘴部。主麦克风15位于降噪麦克风16与用户嘴部的连线上。
通过这种方式，用户嘴部发出的语音信号的到达主麦克风15和降噪麦克风16的时间差更接近于降噪算法的预定值。这样，语音信号与降噪算 法更匹配，从而使降噪效果越好。尤其是，在强噪音环境中使用时，降噪耳机能够更准确的拾取语音信号，信噪比更高。
在一个例子中，降噪耳机还包括辅助麦克风14，辅助麦克风14位于主麦克风15和降噪麦克风16之间。辅助麦克风14用于辅助拾取用户嘴部发出的语音信号。辅助麦克风、主麦克风和降噪麦克风形成麦克风阵列，从而使降噪耳机语音更准确，信噪比更高。此外，通过二阶波束能够麦克风阵列的指向性，可以提升强噪声环境下对高频语音信号的拾取效果。
优选的是，主麦克风15和辅助麦克风14位于降噪麦克风16与用户嘴部的连线上。
通过这种方式，用户嘴部发出的语音信号的到达主麦克风15、辅助麦克风14和降噪麦克风16的时间差更接近于降噪算法的预定值。这样，语音信号与降噪算法更匹配，从而使降噪效果越好。尤其是，在强噪音环境中使用时，降噪耳机能够更准确的拾取语音信号，信噪比更高。
在一个例子中，降噪耳机还包括伸缩装置。伸缩装置被配置为能改变主麦克风15与降噪麦克风16之间的距离。例如，如图3所示，伸缩部采用伸缩杆25。在后壳上设置有孔道。孔道延伸到后腔12中。伸缩杆25沿孔道滑动。主麦克风15被设置在伸缩杆25的外端。在收纳状态时，伸缩杆25滑进孔道内，主麦克风15嵌入耳塞的外表面中。此时，降噪耳机适于在低噪音环境下使用。在伸出状态时，伸缩杆25从孔道内滑出，以使主麦克风15靠近用户嘴部。这样能使语音信号的接收更准确。此时，降噪耳机适于在强噪音环境下使用。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，提供了一种电子设备。该电子设备包括本发明提供的降噪耳机。该电子设备可以是但不局限于手机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、收音机、智能手表、智能眼镜、PSP、虚拟现实设备(VR)或增强现实设备(AR)等。
该电子设备具有语音效果好的特点。
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围 和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种降噪耳机，其特征在于，包括耳机壳体(11)、主麦克风(15)、降噪麦克风(16)、增强麦克风(17)和主控芯片(23)，所述主麦克风(15)、所述降噪麦克风(16)、所述增强麦克风(17)和主控芯片(23)被设置在所述耳机壳体(11)内，所述主麦克风(15)、所述降噪麦克风(16)和所述增强麦克风(17)与所述主控芯片(23)连接，所述增强麦克风(17)直接或者间接地与用户耳部的皮肤接触，所述增强麦克风(17)被配置为用于接收通过骨传导的语音信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的降噪耳机，其特征在于，所述耳机壳体(11)包括用于插入用户耳道中的前壳(18)，所述前壳(18)围合形成前腔(13)，所述增强麦克风(17)被设置在所述前腔(13)内。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的降噪耳机，其特征在于，还包括传感元件，所述传感元件被设置在所述前腔(13)内，所述传感元件包括触点(19)、弹性壁(20)和侧壁(21)，所述弹性壁(20)、所述侧壁(21)和所述增强麦克风(17)围合在一起，以形成密闭的压力腔(22)，在所述前壳(18)上设置有通孔，所述触点(19)穿过所述通孔并且与所述弹性壁(20)连接在一起，所述触点(19)的远离所述弹性壁(20)的一端与用户耳部的皮肤接触，所述触点(19)被配置为能将骨传导的语音信号传递给所述弹性壁(20)，以引起所述压力腔(22)内压强的变化，所述增强麦克风(17)被配置为能感测所述压强的变化而发生振动，并将所述振动转换为电信号。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中的任意一项所述的降噪耳机，其特征在于，所述主麦克风(15)位于所述降噪麦克风(16)与用户嘴部的连线上。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中的任意一项所述的降噪耳机，其特征在于，还 包括辅助麦克风(14)，所述辅助麦克风(14)位于所述主麦克风(15)和所述降噪麦克风(16)之间。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中的任意一项所述的降噪耳机，其特征在于，所述主麦克风(15)和所述辅助麦克风(14)位于所述降噪麦克风(16)与用户嘴部的连线上。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中的任意一项所述的降噪耳机，其特征在于，所述增强麦克风(17)被设置在所述前壳(18)的靠近用户声带的部位。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中的任意一项所述的降噪耳机，其特征在于，还包括伸缩装置，所述伸缩装置被配置为能改变所述主麦克风(15)与所述降噪麦克风(16)之间的距离。
  9. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-8中的任意一项所述的降噪耳机。
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