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WO2018145543A1 - Chalumeau soudeur hybride à source de chaleur double et procédé de soudage - Google Patents

Chalumeau soudeur hybride à source de chaleur double et procédé de soudage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018145543A1
WO2018145543A1 PCT/CN2018/000063 CN2018000063W WO2018145543A1 WO 2018145543 A1 WO2018145543 A1 WO 2018145543A1 CN 2018000063 W CN2018000063 W CN 2018000063W WO 2018145543 A1 WO2018145543 A1 WO 2018145543A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
welding
arc
torch
heat source
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/000063
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王长春
陈卓勤
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王长春
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Filing date
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Application filed by 王长春 filed Critical 王长春
Publication of WO2018145543A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018145543A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K28/00—Welding or cutting not covered by any of the preceding groups, e.g. electrolytic welding
    • B23K28/02—Combined welding or cutting procedures or apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a welding device, in particular to a welding torch for a plasma arc (PAW) and a molten arc arc MIG (GMAW) dual heat source, and a method for welding by using a composite torch.
  • a welding device in particular to a welding torch for a plasma arc (PAW) and a molten arc arc MIG (GMAW) dual heat source, and a method for welding by using a composite torch.
  • PAW plasma arc
  • GMAW molten arc arc MIG
  • the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) MIG process has a continuous, self-feeding molten electrode that is shielded from the ambient atmosphere by an external supply of gas.
  • the metal transitions from the molten electrode to the workpiece being welded through three basic modes: (a) short circuit transition, (b) particle transition, and (c) jet transition.
  • the best working mode is the injection transition mode.
  • the so-called MIG welding injection mode means that the metal enters the molten pool of the workpiece to be welded from the molten electrode in a highly oriented droplet flow manner, the arc force accelerates the droplet, and can overcome the gravity effect of the metal droplet.
  • MIG welding has a series of problems such as small weld penetration, large welding deformation, and large heat input, and is usually applied to workpieces that are insensitive to heat input.
  • Plasma arc welding PAW is a welding method developed on the basis of tungsten argon arc welding.
  • the heat source for plasma arc welding is obtained by compressing and strengthening the tungsten arc to obtain an arc plasma with higher ionization degree.
  • the compressed arc has a more concentrated energy density and a higher temperature.
  • Plasma arc welding is widely used because of its high arc energy density and strong penetrating power. It is a high-quality "small hole welding method. It has a deep penetration and a deep weld when welding 3 to 12 mm thick plates. The advantages of large / wide ratio, narrow heat-affected zone, small deformation of the workpiece, and many types of weldable materials, but the welding efficiency is lower than that of GMAW welding. The main disadvantage of the PAW process is low efficiency, "small hole” penetration mode. The welding speed is limited by the physical conditions in the weld pool.
  • U.S. Patent No. 2,756,311 describes a composite arc welding using at least two inert gas shielded arcs arranged in series, wherein a front arc (MIG) achieves penetration and a rear arc (TIG) is filled by a wire, but such welding The way does not substantially increase the penetration.
  • MIG front arc
  • TIG rear arc
  • the patent uses different types of "focus" magnetic coils around the TIG torch and is arranged coaxially with the tungsten electrode, but this only stabilizes the TIG arc, so the double arc cannot maintain mutual stability during the soldering process. This results in a significant reduction in the speed and penetration of the composite weld.
  • 3,519,780 also utilizes a TIG arc and MIG arc hybrid welding method in which two separate torches are used to apply different pulses for MIG and TIG in a certain sequence.
  • two welding torches since two welding torches are used, there is no electromagnetic control between the two arcs, so there is no obvious effect of increasing the penetration.
  • TIG and MIG dual arc hybrid welding techniques maintain an uncompressed plasma arc between the non-melted electrode and the workpiece, while the molten electrode end and the MIG arc are both immersed in the plasma stream.
  • the non-melting electrode and the melting electrode must have the same polarity, and at the same time, since the molten electrode is preheated in the plasma arc region, the deposition speed of the electrode is increased, although this technique suppresses the MIG arc. Splash, but also did not increase the penetration, the welding speed did not increase significantly.
  • a dual heat source hybrid welding technique (U.S. Patent No. 7,235,758), which is similar to the present invention, provides a hybrid welding device (in the direction of welding) with a plasma arc in front and a MIG arc in a trailing manner.
  • the distance at which the two arcs intersect the workpiece is controlled by a fixed magnetic shield.
  • the technique is difficult to work stably over a wide range of operating current parameters.
  • adjusting the magnetic shield separately does not easily stabilize the double arc in the common bath, so it is difficult to promote the application on the production line.
  • the plasma arc is compressed, has a higher energy density and has a weld penetration compared to the TIG arc, and the use of a plasma arc in the hybrid welding process can increase the weld penetration, which improves the composite.
  • Welding quality is very important; at the same time, the stability of plasma arc PAW and MIG arc in the common bath is an important condition for achieving high quality composite welding quality and efficiency, but the existing various plasma arc PAW and MIG arc hybrid welding
  • the device is difficult to form, or it is difficult to stabilize the common molten pool of the molten electrode and the non-melted electrode, so that not only the weld penetration and the welding efficiency cannot be fundamentally improved, but also it is difficult to achieve good welding quality, which limits the popularization and application of these technologies.
  • the present invention provides a dual heat source composite welding torch which places a plasma arc and a MIG arc in the same molten pool by adjusting the spacing of the two electrodes and the shape of the magnetic shield. Improve the stability of the double arc common body molten pool and improve the quality of the composite welding.
  • a dual heat source composite welding torch comprises a torch body, wherein a non-melting electrode and a melting electrode are arranged on the torch body in front of and behind the welding direction, and an angle between the axis of the non-melting electrode and the melting electrode is an acute angle, An arc is formed between the molten electrode and the molten electrode and the workpiece to form a common molten pool, and the arc impact point spacing of the two arcs on the workpiece plane is D;
  • the arc is stabilized by adjusting the spacing D and adjusting the transverse magnetic field applied to the arc.
  • the spacing D is achieved by an electrode spacing adjustment device, and the transverse magnetic field applied to the arc is achieved by adjusting the shape of the magnetic shield disposed on the electrode.
  • the angle between the axis of the non-melting electrode and the melting electrode is not more than 60°, and the spacing D is adjusted to be 3-15 mm.
  • the non-melting electrode is a plasma electrode, which comprises a tungsten electrode, a tungsten collet, a cooling water channel, a protective gas sleeve and a compression nozzle.
  • the center of the compression nozzle is fixed with a tungsten electrode through a tungsten collet, and the cooling water channel is wrapped outside the tungsten collet.
  • the protective air jacket is wrapped on the outside of the cooling water channel.
  • the molten electrode is a MIG electrode, which comprises a conductive nozzle, a wire tube and a protective gas sleeve.
  • the wire tube is disposed in a middle portion of the conductive nozzle, and a protective gas sleeve is disposed around the conductive nozzle to form a protective air passage between the protective gas sleeve and the conductive nozzle.
  • a wire is disposed in the wire tube and protrudes from the contact tip.
  • the electrode spacing adjusting device comprises an adjusting nut fixed on the torch body and an adjusting screw fixed on the melting electrode by the adjusting slider, and the adjusting screw is screwed into the adjusting nut, and the relative position of the adjusting bolt and the adjusting nut is adjusted to achieve Adjustment of the spacing D.
  • the magnetic shield is a magnetic shield that is wrapped around the outside of the non-melted electrode.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a plasma arc and MIG arc dual heat source hybrid welding method, which can achieve higher efficiency and better welding quality than plasma arc welding alone and MIG welding alone, and has a large melting. Deep, high efficiency, low heat input, low spatter, etc., and expand the scope of application, can be welded from thin to medium plate, as well as a variety of high-strength steel, low-melting metal.
  • a method for realizing composite welding by using a dual heat source comprising the following steps:
  • the invention also provides a dual heat source hybrid welding system, comprising the above composite torch, plasma power source, MIG power source, wire feeding mechanism, robot and controller, wherein the plasma power source and the MIG power source together form a dual heat source, a plasma power source and The MIG power supply is respectively connected to the non-melting electrode and the melting electrode in the composite welding torch, and the composite welding torch is mounted on the robot.
  • the composite welding torch, the plasma power source, the MIG power source, the wire feeding mechanism and the robot are respectively connected to the controller, and the wire feeding mechanism is The molten electrode in the composite torch provides a wire.
  • the above dual heat source hybrid welding system performs welding methods, including using an equal current control MIG power source, using a plasma controlled plasma power supply for composite welding, and the like to control the MIG power supply, that is, maintaining the current during the welding process, in the welding groove size
  • the wire feeding speed in the wire tube of the MIG electrode on the welding torch is constant; the plasma power supply of the voltage control, that is, the plasma voltage is maintained during the welding process, and the welding groove size is changed.
  • the plasma arc intensity on the torch is kept constant, thereby maintaining the plasma arc stable.
  • the present invention relates to a composite welding system utilizing plasma arc welding and a molten MIG welding dual heat source, comprising a composite torch and a control system for plasma arc welding (PAW) and a molten MIG arc dual heat source.
  • PAW plasma arc welding
  • molten MIG arc dual heat source a composite welding system utilizing plasma arc welding and a molten MIG welding dual heat source.
  • the distance between the incident points of the two arcs on the workpiece is controllable, and the arc is controlled in the common pool by controlling the distance between the incident points of the two electrodes on the workpiece. Stability, the distance is 3-15mm.
  • a stable double arc can be established relatively easily in the common bath by the electrode spacing adjusting device and the magnetic shielding member.
  • the welding process increases the penetration depth and greatly improves the welding efficiency of the molten arc welding wire.
  • the welding process improves the efficiency while increasing the quality because of the increased penetration.
  • the present invention provides a composite welding method using plasma arc welding and a molten MIG welding dual heat source, that is, a composite torch using the present invention, an MIG power source controlled by an equal current, and a plasma power source controlled by an equal voltage. Welding method. In the case of a change in the size of the welding groove, the wire feeding speed of the torch MIG can be maintained during the welding process while maintaining the plasma arc stable.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a composite torch according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a hybrid welding system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a dual heat source composite torch which is a plasma arc and a molten MIG arc composite torch, which combines PAW and MIG welding in the same overall torch. And the stability of the plasma arc and the MIG arc in the common pool is improved by controlling the distance D between the arc impact points on the surface of the workpiece during the welding process, thereby improving the welding coupling efficiency of the dual heat source.
  • the composite torch includes:
  • the center of the compression nozzle 116 is fixed with a tungsten electrode 111 through the tungsten collet 112, the cooling water channel 112 is wrapped outside the tungsten collet 112, and the protective gas jacket 114 is wrapped outside the cooling water channel 113, and the magnetic shielding sleeve 115 Wrapped on the outside of the protective gas jacket 114.
  • the melting electrode includes a wire tube 121, a conductive nozzle 122, a protective air channel 123 and a protective gas sleeve 124.
  • the wire tube 121 is disposed at a middle portion of the conductive nozzle 122.
  • a protective gas jacket 124 is disposed around the conductive nozzle 122 to protect the gas sleeve 124.
  • a protective air passage 123 is formed with the contact tip 122, and a wire is disposed in the wire tube 121 and protrudes from the contact tip 122.
  • An electrode spacing adjusting device for adjusting a distance between the non-melting electrode and the melting electrode comprising an adjusting screw 132, an adjusting nut 133 and an adjusting slider 131; the adjusting nut 133 is fixed on the torch body, and the adjusting screw 132 is fixed by the adjusting slider 131 On the molten electrode, the adjusting screw 132 is screwed into the adjusting nut 133, and the adjustment of the distance between the non-melting electrode and the melting electrode is achieved by adjusting the relative positions of the adjusting screw 132 and the adjusting nut 133.
  • the distance between the non-melting electrode and the melting electrode refers to the distance D between the impact points of the arc generated by the two electrodes in the common molten pool on the workpiece to be welded, and the D value is between 3-15 mm.
  • This distance D ranges from 3 to 15 mm and is suitable for a plasma current range of 1 to 400 A and a MIG current of 50 to 750 A.
  • the magnitude of the electromagnetic force is inversely proportional to the distance between the two arcs and proportional to the current of the two arcs; the application of a transverse magnetic field in the arc region by the magnetic shield cancels the relationship between the two arcs The electromagnetic force, thereby mitigating the effect of the MIG arc on the plasma arc.
  • the spacing D between the incident points of the two electrodes and the intensity of the transverse magnetic field can be adjusted by the adjusting device to reduce the influence of the electromagnetic force on the arc.
  • the effect of the MIG arc on the plasma arc is actually mitigated.
  • the operation of adjusting the distance D between the two electrodes by the adjusting device is simpler and the effect is more direct.
  • the plasma power source connected to the tungsten electrode 111 preferably has a constant current output characteristic to provide a stable plasma arc
  • the MIG power source connected to the contact tip 122 preferably has a constant voltage output characteristic, thereby ensuring that the length of the MIG arc is stable.
  • the wire feeding speed is also stable. This is because the power source connecting the tungsten electrode 111 and the contact tip 122 is connected to the workpiece, and the shape change of the weld zone may cause voltage fluctuation of the plasma power source and current fluctuation of the MIG power source, which may affect the soldering quality.
  • the pitch D can be controlled by directly adjusting the pitch of the two electrodes and the magnetic shield regardless of the arc power, current direction, processing speed, material and the shape of the welded joint, which is different from All the prior art solutions that do not have the function of adjusting the distance D are different from the technical solutions that can only adopt one kind of adjustment mode. In fact, it is not easy or very difficult to adopt only one technical measure. It is not convenient to find the best distance D.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a composite welding system including the composite welding torch 3, the plasma power source 1, the molten metal MIG power source 2, the wire feeding mechanism 4, the robot 5 and the controller 6, described in Embodiment 1.
  • the plasma power source 1 and the molten metal MIG power source 2 together form a dual welding heat source, and the composite welding torch 3 is mounted on the robot 5, and the plasma power source 1 and the molten metal MIG power source 2, the wire feeding mechanism 4, and the robot 5 are connected to the controller 6, and the composite
  • the welding torch 3 is connected to the plasma power source 1, the molten metal MIG power source 2 and the wire feeding mechanism 4, the composite welding torch 3 is provided with water cooling, and the water cooling pipe of the composite welding torch 3 is connected to the power water cooling system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un chalumeau soudeur hybride à source de chaleur double (3) qui comporte une électrode consommable et une électrode non consommable ; les axes des deux électrodes forment un angle aigu inférieur à 60 degrés ; l'électrode consommable et l'électrode non consommable établissent respectivement un arc électrique avec une pièce à travailler, et un bain fondu commun est formé ; la distance entre les points d'impact d'arc électrique des deux arcs électriques sur le plan de la pièce à travailler est appelée D ; les arcs électriques sont stabilisés au moyen d'un dispositif de réglage destiné à régler la distance entre les deux électrodes et d'un écran magnétique destiné à appliquer un champ magnétique transversal entre les deux électrodes. L'invention concerne en outre une manière qui permet d'obtenir un soudage hybride à l'aide de deux sources de chaleur, un système de soudage hybride à source de chaleur double comprenant le chalumeau soudeur hybride à source de chaleur double, et un procédé de soudage à l'aide du système de soudage hybride à source de chaleur double. L'utilisation du système de soudage hybride comprenant le chalumeau soudeur hybride à source de chaleur double peut, selon des conditions de paramètre de l'action de soudage, réduire les effets de la force électromagnétique sur les arcs électriques au moyen du dispositif de réglage selon la présente invention et réduire les effets des arcs électriques MIG sur les arcs électriques de plasma.
PCT/CN2018/000063 2017-02-07 2018-02-05 Chalumeau soudeur hybride à source de chaleur double et procédé de soudage WO2018145543A1 (fr)

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CN201710066969.2A CN106624402A (zh) 2017-02-07 2017-02-07 一种双热源复合焊炬及焊接方法
CN201710066969.2 2017-02-07

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024127387A1 (fr) * 2022-12-15 2024-06-20 Weldobot Ltd. Système et procédé de soudage hybride avec isolation électrique globale et conductivité thermique et refroidissement

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CN106624402A (zh) * 2017-02-07 2017-05-10 王长春 一种双热源复合焊炬及焊接方法
CN108436275B (zh) * 2018-03-01 2021-07-16 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 超高功率激光与三钨极磁控旋动电场同轴复合焊方法
CN108453387B (zh) * 2018-03-01 2021-07-16 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 超高功率激光与多钨极磁控旋动电场同轴复合焊方法
CN109773359B (zh) * 2019-03-07 2023-09-12 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） 用于窄间隙焊接的等离子-mig复合焊接装置
CN111761178A (zh) * 2020-07-02 2020-10-13 山东理工大学 一种磁控tig-gmaw复合焊枪
CN113560755B (zh) * 2020-12-22 2022-07-29 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） 磁场相位调控式等离子mag焊接装置及方法
CN115582677A (zh) * 2022-10-27 2023-01-10 西安石油大学 异种金属mig焊复合等离子弧焊提高接头强度的方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024127387A1 (fr) * 2022-12-15 2024-06-20 Weldobot Ltd. Système et procédé de soudage hybride avec isolation électrique globale et conductivité thermique et refroidissement

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