WO2018143356A1 - 撥水処理剤、撥水構造体及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
撥水処理剤、撥水構造体及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018143356A1 WO2018143356A1 PCT/JP2018/003441 JP2018003441W WO2018143356A1 WO 2018143356 A1 WO2018143356 A1 WO 2018143356A1 JP 2018003441 W JP2018003441 W JP 2018003441W WO 2018143356 A1 WO2018143356 A1 WO 2018143356A1
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- group
- water repellent
- repellent
- treatment agent
- Prior art date
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VPYJNCGUESNPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triallylamine Chemical compound C=CCN(CC=C)CC=C VPYJNCGUESNPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ADGSJBYMQJVZIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihydroxy(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silane Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)CCC(F)(F)F ADGSJBYMQJVZIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLZZRAHVHXTKGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihydroxy(octyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Si](O)(O)O YLZZRAHVHXTKGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FCVNATXRSJMIDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihydroxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 FCVNATXRSJMIDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYAMDNCPNLFEFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihydroxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](O)(O)O VYAMDNCPNLFEFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTSIIQWGUWMBTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihydroxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)CCCOCC1CO1 QTSIIQWGUWMBTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011240 wet gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000166 zirconium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
- C09D183/06—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/14—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups
- C08G77/16—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups to hydroxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/70—Additives characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/18—Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surfaces to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto; Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/14—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups
- C08G77/18—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups to alkoxy or aryloxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a water repellent treatment agent, a water repellent structure and a method for producing the same.
- the water-repellent performance is obtained by forming a film (hereinafter also referred to as “water-repellent film”) with a coating material having excellent water repellency on the surface of the substrate.
- the water repellent film generally refers to a film having a water contact angle of 90 ° or more.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- a water repellent treatment agent used for imparting water repellency to a surface to be treated of an object is required to have excellent water repellency.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and includes a water repellent treatment agent capable of imparting excellent water repellency to a surface to be treated of an object, and a water repellent structure using the water repellent treatment agent.
- the purpose is to provide.
- the present invention also provides a method for producing the water-repellent structure.
- the present inventors have obtained a liquid composition comprising a polysiloxane compound having a reactive group (hydrolyzable functional group or condensable functional group) in the molecule.
- a water repellent treatment agent obtained by using this, it was found that excellent water repellency was expressed, and the present invention was completed.
- the present invention is at least one selected from the group consisting of a polysiloxane compound having a hydrolyzable functional group or a condensable functional group, and a hydrolysis product of the polysiloxane compound having the hydrolyzable functional group.
- a water repellent treatment agent comprising a condensate of a liquid composition containing Further, the present invention is selected from the group consisting of a hydrolyzable functional group or a polysiloxane compound having a condensable functional group, and a hydrolysis product of the polysiloxane compound having the hydrolyzable functional group.
- a water repellent treatment agent comprising a liquid composition containing at least one kind is provided.
- water repellent treatment agent excellent water repellency can be imparted to the treated surface of the object.
- the water repellent part formed from the said water repellent treatment agent is excellent also in adhesiveness with a to-be-processed surface.
- the liquid composition may further contain silica particles.
- Such a water repellent treatment agent is further excellent in water repellency and adhesion.
- the number of silanol groups per gram of the silica particles may be 10 ⁇ 10 18 to 1000 ⁇ 10 18 pcs / g.
- examples of the polysiloxane compound include compounds represented by the following formula (A). Thereby, the further outstanding water repellency and adhesiveness can be achieved.
- R 1a represents a hydroxyalkyl group
- R 2a represents an alkylene group
- R 3a and R 4a each independently represents an alkyl group or an aryl group
- n represents an integer of 1 to 50 .
- examples of the polysiloxane compound include compounds represented by the following formula (B). Thereby, the further outstanding water repellency and adhesiveness can be achieved.
- R 1b represents an alkyl group, an alkoxy group or an aryl group
- R 2b and R 3b each independently represents an alkoxy group
- R 4b and R 5b each independently represents an alkyl group or an aryl group.
- M represents an integer of 1 to 50.
- the liquid composition is composed of a silane monomer having a hydrolyzable functional group or a condensable functional group, and a hydrolysis product of the silane monomer having the hydrolyzable functional group. It may further contain at least one more selected. Thereby, the further outstanding water repellency and adhesiveness can be achieved.
- the liquid composition may further contain airgel particles. Thereby, water repellency improves more.
- the water repellent treatment agent may be used to form a water repellent portion on the surface to be treated of the object. By forming such a water-repellent part, further excellent water repellency can be achieved. At this time, the water repellent part may contain airgel.
- the present invention also provides a signal area derived from Q and T when the silicon-containing binding units Q, T and D are defined as follows:
- a water repellent treatment agent comprising a water repellent component having a ratio Q + T to D-derived signal area of D: 1: 0.01 to 1: 0.70.
- Such a water repellent treatment agent is excellent in water repellency and adhesion.
- Q A silicon-containing bond unit having four oxygen atoms bonded to one silicon atom.
- T A silicon-containing bond unit having three oxygen atoms bonded to one silicon atom and one hydrogen atom or monovalent organic group.
- the organic group is a monovalent organic group in which an atom bonded to a silicon atom is a carbon atom.
- the present invention also provides a water repellent treatment agent comprising a water repellent component comprising a compound having a structure represented by the following formula (1).
- a water repellent treatment agent is excellent in water repellency and adhesion.
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represent an alkyl group or an aryl group
- R 3 and R 4 each independently represent an alkylene group.
- the present invention also provides a water-repellent treatment agent having a ladder-type structure including a support portion and a bridge portion, wherein the bridge portion includes a water-repellent component containing a compound represented by the following formula (2). To do.
- a water repellent agent has excellent water repellency and durability due to the ladder structure.
- R 5 and R 6 each independently represents an alkyl group or an aryl group, and b represents an integer of 1 to 50.
- the compound having a ladder structure includes a compound having a structure represented by the following formula (3). Thereby, the further outstanding water repellency and durability can be achieved.
- R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 each independently represents an alkyl group or an aryl group, a and c each independently represent an integer of 1 to 3000, and b represents 1 to 50 Indicates an integer.
- the water repellent part may contain an airgel.
- the water repellent component may be an airgel. Thereby, further excellent water repellency can be achieved.
- the present invention also provides a water-repellent structure comprising an object and a water-repellent part on a surface to be treated of the object, wherein the water-repellent part includes a dried product of the water-repellent agent.
- the water-repellent structure has a water-repellent portion containing the water-repellent treatment agent or a reaction product of the water-repellent treatment agent, so that the water-repellent structure is excellent in water repellency and the adhesion between the surface to be treated and the water-repellent portion. Excellent.
- the present invention also provides a method for producing a water-repellent structure, comprising the step of applying the water-repellent agent to the surface to be treated of the object.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a water-repellent treatment agent capable of imparting excellent water repellency to a surface to be treated of an object and a water-repellent structure using the water-repellent treatment agent. According to this invention, the manufacturing method of the said water-repellent structure can also be provided.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a solid 29 Si-NMR spectrum of a water repellent component contained in a water repellent treatment agent 12 measured using a DD / MAS method. It is a figure showing typically the water repellent structure concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure showing typically the water repellent structure concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure showing typically the water repellent structure concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure showing typically the water repellent structure concerning one embodiment of the present invention.
- a numerical range indicated by using “to” indicates a range including the numerical values described before and after “to” as the minimum value and the maximum value, respectively.
- the upper limit value or the lower limit value of a numerical range in a certain step may be replaced with the upper limit value or the lower limit value of a numerical range in another step.
- the upper limit value or the lower limit value of the numerical range may be replaced with the values shown in the examples.
- “A or B” only needs to include either A or B, and may include both.
- the materials exemplified in the present specification can be used singly or in combination of two or more unless otherwise specified.
- the content of each component in the composition means the total amount of the plurality of substances present in the composition unless there is a specific notice when there are a plurality of substances corresponding to each component in the composition. means.
- water repellent treatment agent of the present embodiment examples include the following first to fourth aspects. By adopting each aspect, water repellency and adhesion according to each aspect can be obtained.
- the water repellent treatment agent of one embodiment includes a polysiloxane compound having a hydrolyzable functional group or a condensable functional group (in the molecule), and hydrolysis of the polysiloxane compound having the hydrolyzable functional group. It includes a condensate of a liquid composition containing at least one selected from the group consisting of products (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “polysiloxane compound group”).
- the water repellent treatment agent is also selected from the group consisting of a hydrolyzable functional group or a polysiloxane compound having a condensable functional group and a hydrolysis product of the polysiloxane compound having the hydrolyzable functional group.
- a liquid composition containing at least one of the above may be included (the water repellent agent may be the liquid composition).
- the water repellent treatment agent may be used for forming a water repellent portion on a surface to be treated of an object.
- the water-repellent part formed from the water-repellent treatment agent has excellent water repellency and excellent adhesion to the surface to be treated.
- the water repellent part includes, for example, at least one of a film-like water repellent part (hereinafter also referred to as “water repellent film”) and a particulate water repellent part (hereinafter also referred to as “water repellent particle”). There may be. That is, the water repellent treatment agent according to this embodiment may form a water repellent film and / or water repellent particles on the surface to be treated of an object.
- the water-repellent film formed from fluoroalkylsilanes as in Patent Documents 1 and 2 has low adhesion, in order to improve the adhesion of such a water-repellent film, an adhesion layer is formed on the surface to be treated. (For example, it is considered necessary to form an oxide film and a film having a hydroxyl group).
- the water repellent agent of the present embodiment has high adhesion, such an adhesion layer is not always necessary.
- the water repellent agent of this embodiment is excellent in adhesiveness and adhesiveness, the water repellent function can be maintained for a long time.
- the water-repellent part formed from the water-repellent treatment agent of the present embodiment is less likely to have hydrophilic stains and can easily remove such stains. Therefore, it is considered that the water repellent treatment agent can be easily applied to uses where hydrophilic dirt easily adheres.
- the conventional water-repellent film using PTFE is considered to be easily scratched because of its low film hardness and softness, although it has adhesion and chemical resistance. Moreover, since the temperature for making such a water repellent film is several hundred degrees or more, it is considered that the location and base material to be applied are limited. On the other hand, the water-repellent part formed from the water-repellent treatment agent of this embodiment is excellent in adhesiveness and chemical resistance, is not easily scratched, and is considered to be difficult to limit the location and substrate to be applied.
- the present inventors presume the reason why the water repellent treatment agent of this embodiment exhibits excellent water repellency as follows. Since the water repellent treatment agent of this embodiment contains a polysiloxane compound group, it is considered that the reaction can be easily controlled as compared with, for example, a water repellent treatment agent containing only a siloxane monomer as a siloxane compound. And it is thought that this makes it easy to reduce the hydrophilic group (for example, hydroxyl group (OH group)) in the compound forming the water-repellent part and exhibits excellent water repellency.
- the hydrophilic group for example, hydroxyl group (OH group)
- hydrolyzable functional group examples include an alkoxy group.
- condensable functional groups include hydroxyl groups, silanol groups, carboxyl groups, phenolic hydroxyl groups, and the like.
- the hydroxyl group may be contained in a hydroxyl group-containing group such as a hydroxyalkyl group.
- a polysiloxane compound having a hydrolyzable functional group or a condensable functional group is a reactive group (hydrolyzable functional group and condensable functional group) different from the hydrolyzable functional group and the condensable functional group. You may further have a functional group which does not correspond to a functional group.
- the reactive group examples include an epoxy group, a mercapto group, a glycidoxy group, a vinyl group, an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, and an amino group.
- the epoxy group may be contained in an epoxy group-containing group such as a glycidoxy group.
- These polysiloxane compounds having functional groups and reactive groups may be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
- an alkoxy group, a silanol group, and a hydroxyalkyl group can improve the compatibility of the water repellent agent and can suppress layer separation.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkoxy group and hydroxyalkyl group may be, for example, 1-6.
- Examples of the polysiloxane compound having a hydroxyalkyl group include compounds having a structure represented by the following general formula (A).
- R 1a represents a hydroxyalkyl group
- R 2a represents an alkylene group
- R 3a and R 4a each independently represents an alkyl group or an aryl group
- n represents an integer of 1 to 50.
- examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group and a substituted phenyl group.
- examples of the substituent of the substituted phenyl group include an alkyl group, a vinyl group, a mercapto group, an amino group, a nitro group, and a cyano group.
- two R 1a s may be the same or different, and similarly, two R 2a s may be the same or different.
- two or more R 3a s may be the same or different, and similarly two or more R 4a s may be the same or different.
- R 1a includes a hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and examples of the hydroxyalkyl group include a hydroxyethyl group, a hydroxypropyl group, and the like.
- examples of R 2a include an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and examples of the alkylene group include an ethylene group and a propylene group.
- R 3a and R 4a each independently include an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, and the like, and examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group and the like.
- n may be, for example, 2 to 30, or 5 to 20.
- polysiloxane compound having the structure represented by the above formula (A) a commercially available product can be used, and compounds such as X-22-160AS, KF-6001, KF-6002, KF-6003, etc. Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), XF42-B0970, XF42-C5277, Fluid OFOH 702-4%, etc. (all of which are manufactured by Momentive).
- Examples of the polysiloxane compound having an alkoxy group include compounds having a structure represented by the following general formula (B).
- R 1b represents an alkyl group, an alkoxy group or an aryl group
- R 2b and R 3b each independently represent an alkoxy group
- R 4b and R 5b each independently represent an alkyl group or an aryl group.
- M represents an integer of 1 to 50.
- examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group and a substituted phenyl group.
- examples of the substituent of the substituted phenyl group include an alkyl group, a vinyl group, a mercapto group, an amino group, a nitro group, and a cyano group.
- two R 1b s may be the same or different from each other, and two R 2b s may be the same or different from each other, and similarly two R 1b s. 3b may be the same or different.
- m is an integer of 2 or more
- two or more R 4b s may be the same or different
- similarly two or more R 5b s are each the same. May be different.
- R 1b includes an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and the like. Group, methoxy group, ethoxy group and the like.
- R 2b and R 3b each independently include an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and examples of the alkoxy group include a methoxy group and an ethoxy group.
- R 4b and R 5b each independently include an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, and the like, and examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group and the like.
- m may be, for example, 2 to 30, or 5 to 20.
- the polysiloxane compound having the structure represented by the general formula (B) can be obtained by appropriately referring to the production methods reported in, for example, JP-A Nos. 2000-26609 and 2012-233110. Can do.
- the polysiloxane compound having an alkoxy group may exist as a hydrolysis product in the liquid composition, and the polysiloxane compound having an alkoxy group and the hydrolysis product thereof May be mixed.
- the polysiloxane compound having an alkoxy group all of the alkoxy groups in the molecule may be hydrolyzed or partially hydrolyzed.
- polysiloxane compounds having hydrolyzable functional groups or condensable functional groups and the hydrolysis products of polysiloxane compounds having hydrolyzable functional groups may be used alone or in combination of two or more. May be used.
- the water repellent treatment agent of this embodiment may further contain silica particles from the viewpoint of further improving water repellency and adhesion. That is, the liquid composition comprises silica particles, a polysiloxane compound having a hydrolyzable functional group or a condensable functional group, and a hydrolysis product of the polysiloxane compound having the hydrolyzable functional group. And at least one selected from the group may be contained.
- the reason for improving the water repellency is that when the water-repellent treatment agent contains silica particles, in the compound constituting the water-repellent part, Q + T: D described later can be easily controlled, and It is conceivable that the amount of hydroxyl groups in the compound can be easily reduced.
- the silica particles can be used without particular limitation, and examples thereof include amorphous silica particles.
- examples of the amorphous silica particles include fused silica particles, fumed silica particles, and colloidal silica particles.
- colloidal silica particles have high monodispersibility and are easy to suppress aggregation in the water repellent treatment agent.
- the shape of the silica particles is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a spherical shape, a cage shape, and an association type. Among these, by using spherical particles as the silica particles, it becomes easy to suppress aggregation in the water repellent treatment agent.
- the average primary particle diameter of the silica particles may be, for example, 1 nm or more from the viewpoint that it is easy to obtain a water-repellent film and / or water-repellent particles having an appropriate hardness and the durability against thermal shock and scratches is easily improved. Alternatively, it may be 5 nm or more, or 20 nm or more.
- the average primary particle diameter of the silica particles may be, for example, 200 nm or less, 150 nm or less, and 100 nm or less. Also good. From these viewpoints, the average primary particle diameter of the silica particles may be, for example, 1 to 200 nm, 5 to 150 nm, or 20 to 100 nm.
- the silica particles may be particles having a hollow structure, a porous structure, or the like.
- the average particle diameter of the silica particles can be measured from the raw material.
- the biaxial average primary particle diameter is calculated as follows from the result of observing 20 arbitrary particles by SEM. That is, for example, when colloidal silica particles having a solid content concentration of 5 to 40% by mass dispersed in water are taken as an example, a chip obtained by cutting a wafer with a patterned wiring into 2 cm squares in a dispersion of colloidal silica particles. After soaking for about 30 seconds, the chip is rinsed with pure water for about 30 seconds and blown with nitrogen.
- the chip is placed on a sample stage for SEM observation, an acceleration voltage of 10 kV is applied, the silica particles are observed at a magnification of 100,000, and an image is taken.
- 20 silica particles are arbitrarily selected from the obtained image, and the average of the particle diameters of these particles is defined as the average particle diameter.
- a rectangle (circumscribed rectangle L) circumscribing the silica particle P and arranged so that its long side is the longest is led.
- the long side of the circumscribed rectangle L is X
- the short side is Y
- the biaxial average primary particle diameter is calculated as (X + Y) / 2, and is defined as the particle diameter of the particle.
- the number of silanol groups per gram of the silica particles is, for example, 10 ⁇ 10 18 atoms / g or more from the viewpoint of having good reactivity and easily imparting excellent water repellency and adhesion at low temperature and in a short time. It may be 50 ⁇ 10 18 pieces / g or more, or 100 ⁇ 10 18 pieces / g or more.
- the number of silanol groups per gram of the silica particles is, for example, 1000 ⁇ 10 18 from the viewpoint of easily suppressing abrupt gelation during water repellent treatment and easily obtaining a homogeneous water repellent film and / or water repellent particles.
- the number of silanol groups per gram of the silica particles may be, for example, 10 ⁇ 10 18 to 1000 ⁇ 10 18 pcs / g, and 50 ⁇ 10 18 to 800 ⁇ 10 18 pcs / g. It may be 100 ⁇ 10 18 to 700 ⁇ 10 18 pieces / g.
- the content of silica particles is 100 parts by mass in the total amount of the liquid composition.
- it may be 0.01 parts by mass or more, 0.1 parts by mass or more, or 0.5 parts by mass or more.
- the content of the silica particles is such that a water-repellent film and / or water-repellent particles having an appropriate hardness is easily obtained, and the durability against thermal shock and scratches is easily improved, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the liquid composition.
- the content of the silica particles may be, for example, 0.01 to 30 parts by mass or 0.1 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the liquid composition. It may be 0.5 to 10 parts by mass.
- the liquid composition may further contain, for example, a silicon compound other than the polysiloxane compound (excluding the polysiloxane compound) from the viewpoint of further improving water repellency and adhesion. That is, the liquid composition is at least one selected from the group consisting of a silane monomer having a hydrolyzable functional group or a condensable functional group, and a hydrolysis product of a silane monomer having a hydrolyzable functional group. (Hereinafter referred to as “silane monomer group” in some cases).
- silane monomer group a hydrolysis product of a silane monomer having a hydrolyzable functional group.
- the number of silicon atoms in the silane monomer can be 1-6.
- the silane monomer having a hydrolyzable functional group is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include alkyl silicon alkoxides. Among alkyl silicon alkoxides, those having 3 or less hydrolyzable functional groups can further improve water resistance. Examples of such alkyl silicon alkoxides include monoalkyltrialkoxysilanes, monoalkyldialkoxysilanes, dialkyldialkoxysilanes, monoalkylmonoalkoxysilanes, dialkylmonoalkoxysilanes, and trialkylmonoalkoxysilanes. Examples thereof include methyltrimethoxysilane, methyldimethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, and ethyltrimethoxysilane.
- the silane monomer having a condensable functional group is not particularly limited.
- silane tetraol, methyl silane triol, dimethyl silane diol, phenyl silane triol, phenyl methyl silane diol, diphenyl silane diol, n-propyl silane triol examples include hexyl silane triol, octyl silane triol, decyl silane triol, and trifluoropropyl silane triol.
- the silane monomer having a hydrolyzable functional group or a condensable functional group may further have the above-described reactive group different from the hydrolyzable functional group and the condensable functional group.
- silane monomers having reactive groups include vinyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N-phenyl-3-amino Propyltrimethoxysilane, N-2- (aminoethyl) -3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, and the like can also be used.
- silane monomer having a condensable functional group and having a reactive group vinyl silane triol, 3-glycidoxy propyl silane triol, 3-glycidoxy propyl methyl silane diol, 3-methacryloxy propyl silane triol, 3-methacryloxypropylmethylsilanediol, 3-acryloxypropylsilanetriol, 3-mercaptopropylsilanetriol, 3-mercaptopropylmethylsilanediol, N-phenyl-3-aminopropylsilanetriol, N-2- (aminoethyl ) -3-Aminopropylmethylsilanediol and the like can also be used.
- bistrimethoxysilylmethane bistrimethoxysilylethane
- bistrimethoxysilylhexane ethyltrimethoxysilane
- vinyltrimethoxysilane etc.
- silane monomers having a hydrolyzable functional group or a condensable functional group and hydrolysis products of silane monomers having a hydrolyzable functional group may be used alone or in combination of two or more. May be.
- silane monomers having hydrolyzable functional groups may exist as hydrolysis products in the liquid composition.
- the silane monomer having the functional group and the hydrolysis product thereof may be mixed.
- all of the hydrolyzable functional groups in the molecule may be hydrolyzed or partially hydrolyzed.
- the total amount of the liquid composition may be 0.01 parts by mass or more, or 0.1 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the liquid composition. It may be 0.5 parts by mass or more.
- the content of the polysiloxane compound group is such that a water-repellent film and / or water-repellent particles having an appropriate hardness are easily obtained, and the total amount of the liquid composition is 100 parts by mass from the viewpoint of easily improving durability against thermal shock and scratches.
- the content of the polysiloxane compound group may be, for example, 0.01 to 50 parts by mass or 0.1 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the liquid composition. It may be 0.5 to 10 parts by mass.
- the content of the polysiloxane compound group and the content of the silane monomer group (hydrolyzable functional group or condensable
- the ratio of the content of these compounds is, for example, 1:10 or less from the viewpoint of easily obtaining a water-repellent film and / or water-repellent particles having an appropriate hardness and easily improving durability against thermal shock and scratches.
- the ratio of the content of the polysiloxane compound group and the content of the silane monomer group may be, for example, 1: 0.1 to 1:10, or 1: 1 to 1: 5. There may be.
- the total content of the polysiloxane compound group and the silane monomer group may be, for example, 0.01 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the liquid composition, from the viewpoint that water repellency can be further improved. 0.1 mass part or more may be sufficient, and 0.5 mass part or more may be sufficient. From the viewpoint of easily obtaining a water-repellent film and / or water-repellent particles having an appropriate hardness and easily improving durability against thermal shock and scratches, the total sum of the contents is based on 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the liquid composition. For example, it may be 60 parts by mass or less, 30 parts by mass or less, 20 parts by mass or less, or 10 parts by mass or less.
- the total content of the polysiloxane compound group and the silane monomer group may be, for example, 0.01 to 60 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the liquid composition, and 0.01 to It may be 30 parts by mass, 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, or 0.5 to 10 parts by mass.
- the ratio of the content of the polysiloxane compound group and the silane monomer group can be within the above range.
- the water repellent treatment agent of this embodiment may contain airgel particles from the viewpoint of improving water repellency. That is, the liquid composition comprises airgel particles, a polysiloxane compound having a hydrolyzable functional group or a condensable functional group, and a hydrolysis product of the polysiloxane compound having the hydrolyzable functional group. And at least one selected from the group may be contained.
- the airgel is a porous body having nanometer-sized micropores. The airgel particles are considered to exhibit excellent water repellency because they have few hydroxyl groups on the surface and water does not easily enter the micropores.
- airgel particles conventionally known airgel particles can be used without particular limitation, but may be airgel particles formed using a polysiloxane compound, a silane monomer, or the like contained in the liquid composition as a raw material.
- airgel (particles) can be obtained by drying a wet gel that is a condensate of a sol containing a polysiloxane compound or the like.
- the average primary particle diameter of the airgel particles is, for example, from 0.1 to 10,000 nm, from 1 to 1000 nm, or from 2 to 100 nm, from the viewpoint that good water repellency is easily obtained. Good.
- the content of the airgel particles may be, for example, 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the liquid composition, from the viewpoint that good dispersibility is easily obtained. It may be part by mass or 0.8 to 3 parts by mass.
- the water repellent treatment agent according to another embodiment may include a water repellent component.
- the water repellent component may be, for example, a condensate of the liquid composition described so far.
- the shape of the water repellent component according to the present embodiment may be, for example, a particulate shape.
- specific embodiments of the water repellent agent containing a water repellent component will be described as the second to fourth embodiments.
- the water repellent treatment agent of this embodiment may include a water repellent component containing polysiloxane having a main chain containing a siloxane bond (Si—O—Si).
- the water-repellent component can have the following M unit, D unit, T unit or Q unit as a structural unit.
- R represents an atom (hydrogen atom or the like) or an atomic group (alkyl group or the like) bonded to a silicon atom.
- the M unit is a unit composed of a monovalent group in which a silicon atom is bonded to one oxygen atom.
- the D unit is a unit composed of a divalent group in which a silicon atom is bonded to two oxygen atoms.
- the T unit is a unit composed of a trivalent group in which a silicon atom is bonded to three oxygen atoms.
- the Q unit is a unit composed of a tetravalent group in which a silicon atom is bonded to four oxygen atoms. Information on the content of these units can be obtained by Si-NMR.
- the water repellent treatment agent of this embodiment is derived from Q and T when the silicon-containing bond units Q, T, and D are defined as follows in the solid 29 Si-NMR spectrum measured using the DD / MAS method.
- the ratio Q + T: D of the signal area derived from D to the signal area derived from D may include a water repellent component having a ratio of 1: 0.01 to 1: 0.70.
- Q A silicon-containing bond unit having four oxygen atoms bonded to one silicon atom.
- T A silicon-containing bond unit having three oxygen atoms bonded to one silicon atom and one hydrogen atom or monovalent organic group.
- D A silicon-containing bond unit having two oxygen atoms bonded to one silicon atom and two hydrogen atoms or two monovalent organic groups.
- the organic group is a monovalent organic group in which an atom bonded to a silicon atom is a carbon atom.
- Such a water repellent agent is excellent in water repellency and adhesion.
- the ratio Q + T: D between the signal area derived from Q and T and the signal area derived from D may be, for example, 1: 0.01 to 1: 0.50, or 1: 0.01 to 1 : 0.30, 1: 0.02 to 1: 0.20, or 1: 0.03 to 1: 0.10.
- the signal area ratio is 1: 0.01 or more, there is a tendency that it is easy to obtain better water repellency, and when it is 1: 0.50 or less, there is a tendency that adhesion is more easily obtained.
- the “oxygen atom” in the following Q, T, and D is an oxygen atom that mainly bonds between two silicon atoms, but may be an oxygen atom having a hydroxyl group bonded to a silicon atom, for example.
- the “organic group” is a monovalent organic group in which an atom bonded to a silicon atom is a carbon atom, and examples thereof include an unsubstituted or substituted monovalent organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Examples of the unsubstituted monovalent organic group include hydrocarbon groups such as an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, and an aralkyl group.
- Examples of the substituted monovalent organic group include hydrocarbon groups (substituted organic groups) in which hydrogen atoms of these hydrocarbon groups are substituted with halogen atoms, predetermined functional groups, predetermined functional group-containing organic groups, or the like. And hydrocarbon groups in which ring hydrogen atoms such as alkyl groups, aryl groups, and aralkyl groups are substituted with alkyl groups.
- Examples of the halogen atom include a chlorine atom and a fluorine atom (that is, a halogen atom-substituted organic group such as a chloroalkyl group and a polyfluoroalkyl group).
- Examples of the functional group include a hydroxyl group, a mercapto group, a carboxyl group, an epoxy group, an amino group, a cyano group, an acryloyloxy group, and a methacryloyloxy group.
- Examples of the functional group-containing organic group include an alkoxy group, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a glycidyl group, an epoxycyclohexyl group, an alkylamino group, a dialkylamino group, an arylamino group, and an N-aminoalkyl-substituted aminoalkyl group. Is mentioned.
- the signal area ratio can be confirmed by a solid 29 Si-NMR spectrum.
- the measurement method of solid 29 Si-NMR is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include CP / MAS method and DD / MAS method.
- DD / MAS method is adopted from the viewpoint of quantitativeness. ing.
- the chemical shifts of silicon-containing bond units Q, T, and D in the solid 29 Si-NMR spectrum are in the ranges of Q unit: ⁇ 90 to ⁇ 120 ppm, T unit: ⁇ 45 to ⁇ 80 ppm, D unit: 0 to ⁇ 40 ppm, respectively.
- Q unit ⁇ 90 to ⁇ 120 ppm
- T unit ⁇ 45 to ⁇ 80 ppm
- D unit 0 to ⁇ 40 ppm
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a solid 29 Si-NMR spectrum of the water repellent component contained in the water repellent treatment agent 12 measured using the DD / MAS method used in Examples described later.
- the signals of the silicon-containing bonding units Q, T, and D can be separated by solid-state 29 Si-NMR using the DD / MAS method.
- a method for calculating the signal area ratio will be described with reference to FIG.
- a Q unit signal derived from silica is observed in a chemical shift range of ⁇ 90 to ⁇ 120 ppm.
- signals of T units derived from the polysiloxane compound and the trimethoxysilane reactant are observed in the chemical shift range of 0 to ⁇ 40 ppm.
- signals of D units derived from the polysiloxane compound and the dimethyldimethoxysilane reactant are observed.
- the signal area (integrated value) is obtained by integrating the signal in each chemical shift range.
- the signal area ratio Q + T: D in FIG. 2 is calculated as 1: 0.15.
- the signal area is calculated using general spectrum analysis software (for example, NMR software “TopSpin” manufactured by Bruker (TopSpin is a registered trademark)).
- the water repellent treatment agent of this embodiment may contain a water repellent component including a compound having a structure represented by the following formula (1).
- the water repellent component according to the present embodiment can include a compound having a structure represented by the following formula (1a) as a structure including the structure represented by the formula (1).
- the condensate of the liquid composition containing the polysiloxane compound having the structure represented by the formula (A) includes a compound having a structure represented by the formula (1) and the formula (1a) in the skeleton.
- a water repellent component may be included.
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represent an alkyl group or an aryl group
- R 3 and R 4 each independently represent an alkylene group.
- examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group and a substituted phenyl group.
- the substituent of the substituted phenyl group include an alkyl group, a vinyl group, a mercapto group, an amino group, a nitro group, and a cyano group.
- p represents an integer of 1 to 50.
- two or more R 1 s may be the same or different, and similarly, two or more R 2 s may be the same or different.
- two R 3 s may be the same or different, and similarly, two R 4 s may be the same or different.
- the water repellent agent contains a water repellent component containing a compound having a structure represented by the above formula (1) or formula (1a), water repellency and adhesion are further improved.
- R 1 and R 2 each independently include an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, and the like. And a methyl group.
- R 3 and R 4 each independently include an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and examples of the alkylene group include an ethylene group and a propylene group. Is mentioned.
- p may be 2 to 30, or 5 to 20.
- the water-repellent treatment agent of the present embodiment has a ladder-type structure including a column portion and a bridge portion, and the bridge portion includes a water-repellent component including a compound represented by the following formula (2). It may be.
- the water repellent component contains a compound having such a ladder structure in the skeleton, the water repellency can be further improved and the mechanical strength can be improved. That is, the water repellent treatment agent of this embodiment has excellent water repellency and durability due to the ladder structure.
- the condensate of the liquid composition containing the polysiloxane compound having the structure represented by the above formula (B) includes a compound having a ladder structure having a bridge portion represented by the formula (2) in the skeleton.
- a water repellent component may be included.
- the “ladder structure” has two struts and bridges connecting the struts (having a so-called “ladder” form). It is.
- the ladder structure may be an embodiment included in a part of the compound.
- R 5 and R 6 each independently represents an alkyl group or an aryl group, and b represents an integer of 1 to 50.
- examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group and a substituted phenyl group.
- examples of the substituent of the substituted phenyl group include an alkyl group, a vinyl group, a mercapto group, an amino group, a nitro group, and a cyano group.
- b is an integer of 2 or more
- two or more R 5 s may be the same or different, and similarly two or more R 6 s are each the same. May be different.
- the structure of the column part and its chain length, and the interval of the structure of the bridge part are not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of further improving the water repellency, mechanical strength and durability, the ladder structure has the following general formula: There is a ladder structure represented by (3).
- R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 each independently represents an alkyl group or an aryl group
- a and c each independently represents an integer of 1 to 3000
- b is 1 to 50 Indicates an integer.
- examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group and a substituted phenyl group.
- examples of the substituent of the substituted phenyl group include an alkyl group, a vinyl group, a mercapto group, an amino group, a nitro group, and a cyano group.
- b is an integer of 2 or more
- two or more R 5 s may be the same or different
- similarly two or more R 6 s are each the same. May be different.
- when a is an integer of 2 or more
- two or more R 7 s may be the same or different.
- when c is an integer of 2 or more, 2 or more R 8 may be the same or different.
- R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 (however, R 7 and R 8 are only in formula (3)) Each independently includes an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, and the like, and examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group.
- a and c may each independently be, for example, 6 to 2000, or 10 to 1000.
- b may be, for example, 2 to 30, or 5 to 20.
- the water repellent component contained in the water repellent treatment agent may be composed of airgel from the viewpoint of improving water repellency. Since airgel has a large porosity, it is considered that the water-repellent component (and the water-repellent film and water-repellent particles formed thereby) composed of aerogel has a low refractive index and high transparency.
- ⁇ Water repellent structure> Next, the water repellent structure obtained using the water repellent treatment agent will be described.
- a water-repellent part is formed on the surface to be treated, and the water-repellent part includes a dried product of the water-repellent agent. If the water repellent agent contains a condensate of the above liquid composition, it is considered that the condensation reaction further proceeds when the water repellent part is formed. In the case of the product itself, it is considered that a condensation reaction occurs when the water repellent part is formed. Therefore, it can also be said that the water repellent part contains a reaction product of the water repellent treatment agent.
- the water repellent part may include at least one of a water repellent film and water repellent particles.
- the water-repellent structure of the present embodiment has excellent water repellency by having a water-repellent portion containing the dried product of the water-repellent treatment agent of the present embodiment, and also provides excellent adhesion between the surface to be treated and the water-repellent portion. Also excellent. Moreover, such a water-repellent structure is excellent in durability.
- the water-repellent structure of the present embodiment may be formed by forming a water-repellent film and / or water-repellent particles on the surface to be treated with, for example, the above-described water-repellent treatment agent.
- the preferable form of the water-repellent part (water-repellent particles or the like) formed on the surface to be treated may be the same as the above-described water-repellent component, for example.
- the water-repellent part (water-repellent film, water-repellent particles, etc.) formed on the surface to be treated may contain airgel from the viewpoint of further improving the water repellency. That is, for example, the water-repellent film and the water-repellent particles formed on the surface to be processed may be a film containing an airgel and a particle containing an airgel, respectively.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a water-repellent structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a water-repellent structure 100 shown in FIG. 3 has a structure in which a water-repellent portion 10 made of the water-repellent film 1 is formed on the surface 2 a to be treated 2 of the water-repellent object 2.
- the water repellent part 10 includes a dried product of the water repellent treatment agent of the present embodiment.
- the water repellent structure 100 is considered to be provided with water repellency, which is a chemical characteristic of the water repellent film, by providing the water repellent portion 10 made of the water repellent film 1 on the surface to be treated 2a.
- the water-repellent portion in this embodiment is not a monolithic film but a film formed by depositing minute water-repellent particles (water-repellent components).
- FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a water-repellent structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the water-repellent structure 200 shown in FIG. 4 has a structure in which a water-repellent part 10 made of water-repellent particles 3 is formed on the surface 2 a to be treated 2 of the water-repellent object 2.
- the water repellent part 10 includes a dried product of the water repellent treatment agent of the present embodiment.
- the water-repellent structure 200 includes the water-repellent portion 10 made of the water-repellent particles 3 on the surface to be treated 2a, thereby obtaining a lotus effect due to the fine uneven shape, which is a physical characteristic of the water-repellent particles, and is high. It is considered that water repellency is imparted.
- the water-repellent part in this embodiment is formed by adhering water-repellent particles (water-repellent component) grown to a certain size to the surface to be treated.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing a water-repellent structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a water-repellent structure 300 shown in FIG. 5 has a structure in which a water-repellent portion 10 including a water-repellent film 1 and water-repellent particles 3 is formed on a surface 2 a to be treated 2 of a water-repellent object 2.
- the water repellent part 10 includes a dried product of the water repellent treatment agent of the present embodiment.
- the water-repellent structure 300 includes the water-repellent portion 10 including the water-repellent film 1 and the water-repellent particles 3 on the surface 2a to be treated, thereby imparting water repellency that is a chemical characteristic of the water-repellent particles.
- the lotus effect due to the fine unevenness, which is a physical characteristic of the water-repellent particles is obtained, it is considered that further excellent water repellency is imparted.
- water repellent portions having various aspects can be obtained depending on the size of the particles formed from the water repellent treatment agent. That is, when the water-repellent particles are very small, a film-like appearance deposited with a predetermined thickness, and if the water-repellent particles are somewhat large, the particle-like appearance arranged individually in a plane, both of them coexist. Each has a composite appearance and is formed with a water repellent part.
- the thermal conductivity of the water-repellent structure of the present embodiment shows the same thermal conductivity as that of the object.
- the thermal conductivity of the water-repellent structure of the present embodiment using an object having a thermal conductivity of about 1.0 W / (m ⁇ K) is about 1.0 W / (m ⁇ K) equivalent to the target. It is.
- the thickness of the water-repellent film may be, for example, 1 to 500 nm or 20 to 200 nm. By setting the thickness to 1 nm or more, further excellent water repellency can be achieved, and by setting the thickness to 500 nm or less, further excellent adhesion can be achieved.
- the size of the water-repellent particles may be, for example, 0.1 to 10000 nm or 1 to 1000 nm.
- the size of the water-repellent particles is 0.1 nm or more, further excellent water repellency can be achieved, and when the size is 10,000 nm or less, further excellent adhesion can be achieved.
- the number of water-repellent particles attached to the surface to be treated may be, for example, one or more per 1 mm square from the viewpoint of achieving further excellent water repellency.
- the number of water-repellent particles adhering to the surface to be processed can be calculated using, for example, a scanning electron microscope (SEM). For example, in the case of water-repellent particles having an average particle diameter of 100 nm, a square area A (1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 mm) having a length 100 times the average particle diameter (1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 mm) as one side. 2 ) is set. The number B (particles) of particles in the square is measured, and B / A is calculated. This is repeated 10 times, and the average value of the obtained B / A is defined as the amount of adhered particles.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- the thickness of the water-repellent part may be, for example, 1 to 10000 nm or 20 to 1000 nm.
- a method for producing a water repellent treatment agent will be described.
- the manufacturing method of a water repellent agent is not specifically limited, For example, it can manufacture with the following method.
- the water repellent treatment agent of the present embodiment can be produced by, for example, a production method mainly including a blending step and a condensation reaction step.
- the blending step is a step of mixing the above polysiloxane compound and, if necessary, silica particles, a silane monomer, a solvent and the like.
- a hydrolysis reaction of a silicon compound such as a polysiloxane compound can be performed.
- Silica particles may be mixed in the state of a dispersion dispersed in a solvent.
- an acid catalyst may be further added to the solvent in order to promote the hydrolysis reaction.
- a surfactant can also be added to the solvent.
- the hydrolysis reaction is not necessarily essential.
- the solvent for example, water or a mixed solution of water and alcohols can be used.
- alcohols include methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, 2-propanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol, and t-butanol.
- the alcohols may have, for example, a low surface tension and a low boiling point.
- the alcohol having a low surface tension and a low boiling point include methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol and the like. You may use these individually or in mixture of 2 or more types.
- the acid catalyst examples include hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, sulfurous acid, phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, bromic acid, chloric acid, chlorous acid, hypochlorous acid, and other inorganic acids; acidic phosphoric acid Acidic phosphates such as aluminum, acidic magnesium phosphate and acidic zinc phosphate; organic carboxylic acids such as acetic acid, formic acid, propionic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, malic acid, adipic acid and azelaic acid Etc. Among these, an organic carboxylic acid is mentioned as an acid catalyst which can promote a hydrolysis reaction in consideration of environmental pollution. Examples of the organic carboxylic acids include acetic acid, but may be formic acid, propionic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid and the like. You may use these individually or in mixture of 2 or more types.
- the addition amount of the acid catalyst may be, for example, 0.001 to 600.0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the polysiloxane compound group and the silane monomer group.
- a nonionic surfactant As the surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, an ionic surfactant, or the like can be used. You may use these individually or in mixture of 2 or more types.
- nonionic surfactant for example, a compound containing a hydrophilic part such as polyoxyethylene and a hydrophobic part mainly composed of an alkyl group, a compound containing a hydrophilic part such as polyoxypropylene, and the like can be used.
- the compound containing a hydrophilic part such as polyoxyethylene and a hydrophobic part mainly composed of an alkyl group include polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether and the like.
- the compound having a hydrophilic portion such as polyoxypropylene include polyoxypropylene alkyl ether, a block copolymer of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene, and the like.
- Examples of the ionic surfactant include a cationic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, and an amphoteric surfactant.
- Examples of the cationic surfactant include cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, and examples of the anionic surfactant include sodium dodecylsulfonate.
- Examples of amphoteric surfactants include amino acid surfactants, betaine surfactants, amine oxide surfactants, and the like.
- Examples of amino acid surfactants include acyl glutamic acid.
- Examples of betaine surfactants include lauryldimethylaminoacetic acid betaine and stearyldimethylaminoacetic acid betaine.
- Examples of the amine oxide surfactant include lauryl dimethylamine oxide.
- These surfactants are considered to have an action of improving the dispersibility of the polysiloxane compound in the solvent, and in some cases silica particles, silane monomers, etc. in the blending step. These surfactants also reduce the difference in chemical affinity between the solvent in the reaction system and the growing siloxane polymer in the condensation reaction step described later, and improve dispersibility. It is thought that it has.
- the addition amount of the surfactant depends on the type of the surfactant, or the type and amount of the polysiloxane compound and the silane monomer. For example, for 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the polysiloxane compound group and the silane monomer group, The amount may be 1 to 100 parts by mass or 5 to 60 parts by mass.
- Hydrolysis in the blending step depends on the type and amount of polysiloxane compound, silane monomer, silica particles, acid catalyst, surfactant, etc. in the mixed solution, but for example, under a temperature environment of 20 to 60 ° C.
- the treatment may be performed for 10 minutes to 24 hours, or in a temperature environment of 50 to 60 ° C. for 5 minutes to 8 hours.
- a water repellent treatment agent containing a liquid composition containing can be obtained.
- condensation reaction step By the condensation reaction step, a condensation reaction of a polysiloxane compound having a condensable functional group and a silane monomer, a hydrolysis reaction product obtained in the blending step, and the like can be performed.
- a base catalyst can be used to promote the condensation reaction.
- a thermally hydrolyzable compound that generates a base catalyst by thermal hydrolysis can also be added.
- Base catalysts include alkali metal hydroxides such as lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and cesium hydroxide; ammonium compounds such as ammonium hydroxide, ammonium fluoride, ammonium chloride, and ammonium bromide; sodium metaphosphate Basic sodium phosphates such as sodium pyrophosphate and sodium polyphosphate; calcium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, barium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, lithium carbonate, ammonium carbonate, copper (II) carbonate, iron (II) carbonate, carbonate Carbonates such as silver (I); bicarbonates such as calcium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate; allylamine, diallylamine, triallylamine, isopropylamine, diisopropylamine, ethylamine, die Ruamine, triethylamine, 2-ethylhexylamine, 3-ethoxypropylamine, diisobutylamine, 3-
- the dehydration condensation reaction, the dealcoholization condensation reaction, or both of the polysiloxane compound group, the silane monomer group and the silica particles in the hydrolysis solution can be promoted in a shorter time.
- a water repellent treatment agent can be obtained.
- the addition amount of the base catalyst may be, for example, 0.1 to 500 parts by mass or 1.0 to 200 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the polysiloxane compound group and the silane monomer group. .
- the addition amount of the base catalyst may be, for example, 0.1 to 500 parts by mass or 1.0 to 200 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the polysiloxane compound group and the silane monomer group.
- thermohydrolyzable compound is considered to generate a base catalyst by thermal hydrolysis, make the reaction solution basic, and promote the condensation reaction. Therefore, the thermohydrolyzable compound is not particularly limited as long as it can make the reaction solution basic after thermal hydrolysis, and urea; formamide, N-methylformamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, acetamide, Examples thereof include acid amides such as N-methylacetamide and N, N-dimethylacetamide; cyclic nitrogen compounds such as hexamethylenetetramine. Among these, urea is particularly easy to obtain the above-mentioned promoting effect.
- the amount of the thermohydrolyzable compound added is not particularly limited as long as it is an amount that can sufficiently promote the condensation reaction.
- the amount added may be 1 to 200 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the polysiloxane compound group and the silane monomer group, and may be 2 to 150 parts by mass. A mass part may be sufficient.
- the reaction in the condensation reaction step may be performed in a sealed container so that the solvent and the base catalyst do not volatilize.
- the reaction temperature may be, for example, 20 to 90 ° C. or 40 to 80 ° C. By setting the reaction temperature to 20 ° C. or higher, the condensation reaction can be performed in a shorter time. Moreover, since it becomes easy to suppress volatilization of a solvent (especially alcohols) by making reaction temperature into 90 degrees C or less, a condensation reaction can be performed, suppressing layer separation.
- the condensation reaction time depends on the kind of the polysiloxane compound group, the silane monomer group, and the reaction temperature, but may be, for example, 2 to 480 hours or 6 to 120 hours. By setting the reaction time to 2 hours or longer, more excellent water repellency and adhesion can be achieved, and by setting it to 480 hours or shorter, layer separation can be easily suppressed.
- the condensation reaction time can be further shortened.
- the silanol groups, reactive groups, or both of the polysiloxane compound group and silane monomer group in the hydrolysis solution are combined with the silanol groups of the silica particles, hydrogen bonds, chemical bonds, or a combination of these bonds. It is presumed that it is for forming.
- the condensation reaction time may be, for example, 10 minutes to 24 hours, or 30 minutes to 12 hours. By setting the reaction time to 10 minutes or longer, more excellent water repellency and adhesion can be achieved, and by setting the reaction time to 24 hours or shorter, layer separation can be easily suppressed.
- a water repellent treatment agent containing a condensate of a liquid composition containing one kind can be obtained.
- the water-repellent treatment agent containing the above-mentioned water-repellent component can be obtained by this step.
- the size of the water-repellent particles can be adjusted by changing the condensation reaction time, the size of the silica particles, the size of the airgel particles, and the like. Thereby, a desired water-repellent structure can be obtained.
- the water-repellent structure of the present embodiment can be manufactured, for example, by a manufacturing method including a step of applying the water-repellent treatment agent to the surface to be processed (hereinafter also referred to as “application step”).
- the method for producing a water-repellent structure according to the present embodiment may include, for example, an application process and a drying process (aging process), and includes an application process, a cleaning process, and a drying process (preliminary drying process and aging process). ).
- coating process is a process of apply
- the surface to be treated may be dried after application to volatilize the solvent.
- the water repellent portion water repellent film and / or water repellent particles
- the water repellent treatment agent may be applied to the entire surface to be treated, or may be selectively applied to a part of the surface to be treated.
- the coating method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include spin coating, dip coating, spray coating, flow coating, bar coating, and gravure coating.
- the spray coating method is preferable from the viewpoint that a water repellent film having a uniform thickness can be easily formed on an uneven surface, high productivity, and high use efficiency of the water repellent agent. These methods may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the water repellent treatment agent may be applied to the surface to be treated by bringing the water repellent treatment agent into contact with a surface to be treated which has been previously applied or impregnated with another film, cloth or the like.
- the application method can be freely selected according to the amount of the water repellent treatment agent used, the area of the surface to be treated, the characteristics and the like.
- the temperature of the water repellent agent used in the coating step may be, for example, 20 to 80 ° C. or 40 to 60 ° C. When the temperature is 20 ° C. or higher, the water repellency and adhesion tend to be further improved, and when the temperature is 80 ° C. or lower, the transparency of the water repellent part tends to be easily obtained. is there.
- the treatment time with the water repellent treatment agent can be, for example, 0.5 to 4 hours.
- the material constituting the surface to be treated is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include metals, ceramics, glass, plastics, and materials combining these (composite materials, laminated materials, etc.).
- the water repellent treatment agent of this embodiment can also be applied to paper, fiber, cloth, nonwoven fabric, rubber, leather, and the like.
- the material constituting the treated surface may be, for example, a water-soluble organic compound and a water-soluble inorganic compound.
- the material constituting the surface to be processed is preferably a transparent material such as glass or plastic.
- Examples of the metal include stainless steel, aluminum, copper, galvanized steel plate, and iron.
- Examples of ceramics include alumina, barium titanate, boron nitride, and silicon nitride.
- Examples of the glass include ordinary soda lime glass, borosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, quartz glass, and aluminosilicate glass.
- Examples of the plastics include acrylic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate, aromatic polycarbonate resins such as polyphenylene carbonate, and aromatic polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
- water-soluble organic compounds include glucose, sucrose, starch, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, and methylcellulose.
- water-soluble inorganic compound examples include water glass, sodium chloride, sodium phosphate, sodium carbonate, sodium vanadate, sodium borate, potassium chloride, potassium carbonate, and a sulfuric acid compound.
- the adhesion of the water repellent part can be further improved by drying the resulting structure and evaporating the solvent.
- the drying temperature at this time is not particularly limited and varies depending on the heat-resistant temperature of the surface to be treated, but may be, for example, 60 to 250 ° C. or 120 to 180 ° C. By making the said temperature 60 degreeC or more, the outstanding adhesiveness can be achieved, and deterioration by a heat
- the cleaning process is a process for cleaning the structure obtained in the coating process, for example. By performing this step, impurities such as unreacted substances and by-products in the water-repellent part can be reduced, and a water-repellent part with higher purity can be obtained.
- the washing step can be repeated using, for example, water and / or an organic solvent. At this time, washing efficiency can be improved by heating.
- organic solvent examples include methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, acetonitrile, heptane, hexane, toluene, diethyl ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran,
- organic solvents such as methylene chloride, N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetic acid and formic acid can be used. You may use said organic solvent individually or in mixture of 2 or more types.
- Organic solvents generally have very low mutual solubility with water. Therefore, when it wash
- examples of hydrophilic organic solvents include methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, 1,2-dimethoxyethane and the like. Methanol, ethanol, methyl ethyl ketone and the like are preferable from the viewpoint of economy.
- the amount of water and / or organic solvent used in the washing step may be, for example, 3 to 10 times the total mass of the water repellent part. Cleaning can be repeated until the moisture content of the surface to be treated is 10% by mass or less.
- the washing temperature can be a temperature not higher than the boiling point of the solvent used for washing. For example, when methanol is used, it may be about 20 to 60 ° C. Washing efficiency can also be improved by heating.
- the washing time can be 3 to 30 minutes, for example.
- a preliminary drying process is a process of predrying the structure wash
- the drying method is not particularly limited, and for example, a known drying method under atmospheric pressure can be used.
- the drying temperature varies depending on the heat-resistant temperature of the surface to be treated and the type of cleaning solvent.
- the drying temperature may be, for example, 20 to 250 ° C. or 60 to 180 ° C. from the viewpoint that the evaporation rate of the solvent is sufficiently high and deterioration of the water repellent part is easily prevented.
- the drying time varies depending on the mass of the water repellent part and the drying temperature, but may be, for example, 1 to 24 hours.
- An aging process is a process of aging (heat-aging etc.) the water-repellent part dried by the preliminary drying process, for example. Thereby, the final water-repellent structure can be obtained. By performing the aging process, the water repellency and adhesion of the water repellent structure are further improved. In addition, what is necessary is just to age the water-repellent part formed at the application
- This step may be performed as additional drying after the preliminary drying step, for example.
- the hydrophilic group in the water repellent part is decreased, and it is considered that the water repellency is further improved.
- the water repellent part undergoes volume shrinkage in the preliminary drying step and the transparency is lowered, the volume may be restored by spring back to improve the transparency.
- the aging temperature varies depending on the heat-resistant temperature of the surface to be processed, but may be, for example, 100 to 250 ° C. or 120 to 180 ° C. By setting the aging temperature to 100 ° C. or higher, more excellent water repellency and adhesion can be achieved, and by setting the aging temperature to 250 ° C. or lower, deterioration due to heat can be suppressed.
- the aging time varies depending on the mass of the water-repellent part and the aging temperature, but may be, for example, 1 to 10 hours or 2 to 6 hours. By setting the aging time to 1 hour or longer, more excellent water repellency and adhesion can be easily achieved, and by setting the aging time to 10 hours or shorter, productivity is hardly lowered.
- the manufacturing method of a water repellent treatment agent and a water repellent structure is not limited to this.
- Example 1 [Water repellent treatment 1] 40.0 parts by mass of carbinol-modified siloxane “XF42-5277” (product name, manufactured by Momentive Co., Ltd.) as a polysiloxane compound, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) as a cationic surfactant: 6.4 parts by mass of CTAB ”) and 51.6 parts by mass of a 100 mM aqueous acetic acid solution were mixed and stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours. To this was added 2.0 parts by mass of sodium carbonate as a base catalyst, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a water repellent agent 1.
- Example 2 [Water repellent 2] 20.0 parts by mass of polysiloxane compound A as a polysiloxane compound, 3.2 parts by mass of CTAB as a cationic surfactant and 75.8 parts by mass of a 100 mM aqueous acetic acid solution were mixed and stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours. To this was added 1.0 part by mass of sodium carbonate as a base catalyst, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a water repellent agent 2.
- the “polysiloxane compound A” was synthesized as follows. First, in a 1 liter three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a Dimroth condenser, 100.0 parts by mass of hydroxy-terminated dimethylpolysiloxane “XC96-723” (product name, manufactured by Momentive), methyl 181.3 parts by mass of trimethoxysilane and 0.50 parts by mass of t-butylamine were mixed and reacted at 30 ° C. for 5 hours. Thereafter, this reaction solution was heated at 140 ° C. for 2 hours under reduced pressure of 1.3 kPa to remove volatile components, thereby obtaining a bifunctional alkoxy-modified polysiloxane compound (polysiloxane compound A) at both ends.
- Water repellent structure 2 A water repellent structure 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the water repellent agent 2 was used in place of the water repellent agent 1.
- Example 3 [Water repellent 3] 10.0 parts by mass of polysiloxane compound B as a polysiloxane compound and 1.6 parts by mass of CTAB as a cationic surfactant and 87.9 parts by mass of a 100 mM aqueous acetic acid solution were mixed and stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours. To this was added 0.5 part by mass of sodium carbonate as a base catalyst, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a water repellent agent 3.
- the “polysiloxane compound B” was synthesized as follows. First, in a 1 liter three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, and a Dimroth condenser, 100.0 parts by mass of XC96-723, 202.6 parts by mass of tetramethoxysilane and 0. 50 parts by mass was mixed and reacted at 30 ° C. for 5 hours. Thereafter, this reaction solution was heated at 140 ° C. for 2 hours under a reduced pressure of 1.3 kPa to remove volatile components, thereby obtaining a trifunctional alkoxy-modified polysiloxane compound (polysiloxane compound B) at both ends.
- Water repellent structure 3 A water repellent structure 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the water repellent agent 3 was used in place of the water repellent agent 1.
- Example 4 PL-2L solution adjusted to 20.0 parts by mass of XF42-5277 as a polysiloxane compound, 3.2 parts by mass of CTAB as a cationic surfactant and an acetic acid concentration of 100 mM as a raw material containing silica particles (Details of PL-2L) Is described in Table 1. 75.0 parts by mass of the silica particle-containing raw material was mixed and stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours. To this was added 2.0 parts by mass of sodium carbonate as a base catalyst, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a water repellent agent 4.
- Water repellent structure 4 A water repellent structure 4 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the water repellent agent 4 was used instead of the water repellent agent 1.
- Example 5 20.0 parts by mass of polysiloxane compound A as a polysiloxane compound, 3.2 parts by mass of CTAB as a cationic surfactant and 24.8 parts by mass of a 100 mM aqueous acetic acid solution, and an acetic acid concentration of 100 mM as a silica particle-containing raw material 50.0 parts by mass of the PL-2L solution was mixed and stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours. To this was added 2.0 parts by mass of sodium carbonate as a base catalyst, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a water repellent agent 5.
- Water repellent structure 5 A water-repellent structure 5 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the water-repellent agent 5 was used instead of the water-repellent agent 1.
- Example 6 20.0 parts by mass of polysiloxane compound B as a polysiloxane compound, 3.2 parts by mass of CTAB as a cationic surfactant and 49.8 parts by mass of a 100 mM aqueous acetic acid solution, and an acetic acid concentration of 100 mM as a silica particle-containing raw material 25.0 parts by mass of the PL-5 solution was mixed and stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours. To this was added 2.0 parts by mass of sodium carbonate as a base catalyst, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a water repellent treatment agent 6.
- Water repellent structure 6 A water repellent structure 6 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the water repellent agent 6 was used in place of the water repellent agent 1.
- Example 7 20.0 parts by mass of XF42-5277 as a polysiloxane compound, 30.0 parts by mass of methyltrimethoxysilane KBM-13 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., product name: hereinafter abbreviated as “MTMS”) as a silane monomer, cation
- MTMS methyltrimethoxysilane KBM-13
- a system surfactant 8.0 parts by mass of CTAB and 39.5 parts by mass of a 100 mM aqueous acetic acid solution were mixed and stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours.
- Water repellent structure 7 A water repellent structure 7 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the water repellent agent 7 was used in place of the water repellent agent 1.
- Example 8 Mixing 10.0 parts by weight of polysiloxane compound A as the polysiloxane compound, 15.0 parts by weight of MTMS as the silane monomer, 4.0 parts by weight of CTAB as the cationic surfactant, and 69.8 parts by weight of 100 mM acetic acid aqueous solution And stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours. To this was added 1.2 parts by mass of sodium carbonate as a base catalyst, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a water repellent agent 8.
- Water repellent structure 8 A water repellent structure 8 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the water repellent agent 8 was used in place of the water repellent agent 1.
- Example 9 Polysiloxane compound A as a polysiloxane compound is 5.0 parts by mass, MTMS is 15.0 parts by mass as a silane monomer, and dimethyldimethoxysilane KBM-22 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., product name: hereinafter abbreviated as “DMDMS”) ), 5.0 parts by mass of CTAB as a cationic surfactant, and 69.8 parts by mass of a 100 mM aqueous acetic acid solution were mixed and stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours. To this was added 1.2 parts by mass of sodium carbonate as a base catalyst, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a water repellent agent 9.
- DDMS dimethyldimethoxysilane KBM-22
- Water repellent structure 9 A water repellent structure 9 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the water repellent agent 9 was used in place of the water repellent agent 1.
- Example 10 10.0 parts by mass of XF42-5277 as a polysiloxane compound, 15.0 parts by mass of MTMS as a silane monomer, 4.0 parts by mass of CTAB as a cationic surfactant and 18.5 parts by mass of a 100 mM aqueous acetic acid solution, and
- a silica particle-containing raw material 50.0 parts by mass of an HL-3L solution adjusted to an acetic acid concentration of 100 mM was mixed and stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours.
- Water repellent structure 10 A water repellent structure 10 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the water repellent agent 10 was used in place of the water repellent agent 1.
- Example 11 10.0 parts by mass of polysiloxane compound A as the polysiloxane compound, 15.0 parts by mass of MTMS as the silane monomer, 4.0 parts by mass of CTAB as the cationic surfactant and 54.2 parts by mass of 100 mM aqueous acetic acid solution,
- 14.3 parts by mass of ST-OZL-35L solution adjusted to an acetic acid concentration of 100 mM as a silica particle-containing raw material was mixed and stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours.
- Water repellent structure 11 A water repellent structure 11 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the water repellent agent 11 was used in place of the water repellent agent 1.
- Example 12 1.0 part by mass of polysiloxane compound A as a polysiloxane compound, 3.0 parts by mass of MTMS as a silane monomer, 1.0 part by mass of DDMMS, 0.8 part by mass of CTAB as a cationic surfactant, 100 mM 88.7 parts by mass of an acetic acid aqueous solution and 5.0 parts by mass of a PL-2L solution adjusted to an acetic acid concentration of 100 mM as a silica particle-containing raw material were mixed and stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours. To this was added 0.5 part by mass of sodium carbonate as a base catalyst, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a water repellent treatment agent 12.
- Water repellent structure 12 A water repellent structure 12 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the water repellent agent 12 was used in place of the water repellent agent 1.
- Example 13 [Water repellent structure 13]
- a slide glass S7213 manufactured by Matsunami Glass Industrial Co., Ltd., product name
- the dried slide glass was dipped in methanol and washed at 25 ° C. for 5 minutes.
- the washed slide glass was dried at 120 ° C. for 1 hour under normal pressure and then aged at 150 ° C. for 6 hours to obtain a water repellent structure 13.
- Example 14 [Water repellent structure 14] Using a spray gun (product name: W-50-124BPG, manufactured by Anest Iwata Co., Ltd.) so that the wet thickness of the water repellent 12 at 25 ° C. is 500 ⁇ m, slide glass S7213 (Matsunami Glass Industrial Co., Ltd.) (Product name, product name) to be treated and dried at 150 ° C. for 2 hours to volatilize the solvent. The dried slide glass was dipped in methanol and washed at 25 ° C. for 5 minutes. Next, it was dipped in methyl ethyl ketone and washed at 25 ° C. for 5 minutes. The washed slide glass was dried at 120 ° C. for 1 hour under normal pressure, and then aged at 150 ° C. for 6 hours to obtain a water-repellent structure 14.
- a spray gun product name: W-50-124BPG, manufactured by Anest Iwata Co., Ltd.
- Example 15 [Water repellent 13] 0.1 parts by mass of polysiloxane compound A as a polysiloxane compound, 0.3 parts by mass of MTMS as a silane monomer, 0.1 parts by mass of DMDMS, 0.1 parts by mass of CTAB as a cationic surfactant, 100 mM 98.2 parts by mass of an acetic acid aqueous solution and 1.0 part by mass of a PL-2L solution adjusted to an acetic acid concentration of 100 mM as a silica particle-containing raw material were mixed and stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours. To this was added 0.2 parts by weight of sodium carbonate as a base catalyst, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a water repellent agent 13.
- Water repellent structure 15 A water repellent structure 15 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 13 except that the water repellent agent 13 was used instead of the water repellent agent 12.
- Water repellent treatment agent 14 10.0 parts by mass of polysiloxane compound A as a polysiloxane compound, 15.0 parts by mass of MTMS as a silane monomer, 4.0 parts by mass of CTAB as a cationic surfactant, 69.8 parts by mass of a 100 mM aqueous acetic acid solution, and As a base catalyst, 1.2 parts by mass of sodium carbonate was mixed and stirred at 25 ° C. for 6 hours to obtain a water repellent treatment agent 14.
- Water repellent structure 16 A water-repellent structure 16 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the water-repellent agent 14 was used instead of the water-repellent agent 1.
- Example 17 [Water repellent 15]
- a polysiloxane compound 5.0 parts by mass of polysiloxane compound A, 15.0 parts by mass of MTMS as a silane monomer, 5.0 parts by mass of DMDMS, 4.0 parts by mass of CTAB as a cationic surfactant, 100 mM 69.8 parts by mass of an acetic acid aqueous solution and 1.2 parts by mass of sodium carbonate as a base catalyst were mixed and stirred at 25 ° C. for 6 hours to obtain a water repellent agent 15.
- Water repellent structure 17 A water repellent structure 17 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the water repellent agent 15 was used instead of the water repellent agent 1.
- Example 18 [Water repellent 16] 1.0 part by mass of polysiloxane compound A as a polysiloxane compound, 3.0 parts by mass of MTMS as a silane monomer, 1.0 part by mass of DDMMS, 0.8 part by mass of CTAB as a cationic surfactant, 100 mM 88.7 parts by mass of an acetic acid aqueous solution, 5.0 parts by mass of a PL-2L solution adjusted to an acetic acid concentration of 100 mM as a silica particle-containing raw material, and 0.5 parts by mass of sodium carbonate as a basic catalyst were mixed and mixed at 25 ° C. The mixture was stirred for a time to obtain a water repellent agent 16.
- Water repellent structure 18 A water repellent structure 18 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the water repellent agent 16 was used in place of the water repellent agent 1.
- Example 19 [Water repellent 17] 0.1 parts by mass of polysiloxane compound A as a polysiloxane compound, 0.3 parts by mass of MTMS as a silane monomer, 0.1 parts by mass of DMDMS, 0.1 parts by mass of CTAB as a cationic surfactant, 100 mM 98.2 parts by mass of an acetic acid aqueous solution, 1.0 part by mass of a PL-2L solution adjusted to an acetic acid concentration of 100 mM as a silica particle-containing raw material, and 0.2 part by mass of sodium carbonate as a base catalyst were mixed and mixed at 25 ° C. The mixture was stirred for a time to obtain a water repellent agent 17.
- Water repellent structure 19 A water repellent structure 19 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the water repellent agent 17 was used in place of the water repellent agent 1.
- Example 20 [Water repellent 18]
- a polysiloxane compound 5.0 parts by mass of polysiloxane compound A, 15.0 parts by mass of MTMS as a silane monomer, 5.0 parts by mass of DMDMS, 4.0 parts by mass of CTAB as a cationic surfactant, 100 mM 69.8 parts by mass of an acetic acid aqueous solution and 1.0 part by mass of IC3100 (product name, manufactured by Cabot Corporation) as airgel particles were mixed and stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours. To this was added 1.2 parts by mass of sodium carbonate as a base catalyst, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a water repellent treatment agent 18.
- Water repellent structure 20 A water repellent structure 20 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the water repellent agent 18 was used in place of the water repellent agent 1.
- Example 21 [Water repellent 19] 1.0 part by mass of polysiloxane compound A as a polysiloxane compound, 3.0 parts by mass of MTMS as a silane monomer, 1.0 part by mass of DMDMS, 0.1 part by mass of CTAB as a cationic surfactant, 100 mM 98.2 parts by mass of an acetic acid aqueous solution, 1.0 part by mass of a PL-2L solution adjusted to an acetic acid concentration of 100 mM as a silica particle-containing raw material, 1.0 part by mass of IC3100 (product name, manufactured by Cabot Corporation) In addition, 0.2 parts by mass of sodium carbonate as a base catalyst was mixed and stirred at 25 ° C. for 6 hours to obtain a water repellent agent 19.
- Water repellent structure 21 A water repellent structure 21 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the water repellent agent 19 was used in place of the water repellent agent 1.
- Comparative Example 1 [Comparative water repellent 1] 30.0 parts by mass of MTMS as a silane monomer, 2.4 parts by mass of CTAB as a cationic surfactant and 66.1 parts by mass of a 100 mM aqueous acetic acid solution were mixed and stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours. To this was added 1.5 parts by mass of sodium carbonate as a base catalyst, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a comparative water repellent agent 1.
- Comparative water-repellent structure 1 A comparative water-repellent structure 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the comparative water-repellent agent 1 was used instead of the water-repellent agent 1.
- Comparative Example 2 [Comparative water repellent 2] 20.0 parts by mass of MTMS as a silane monomer, 15.0 parts by mass of DMDMS, 2.8 parts by mass of CTAB as a cationic surfactant and 60.5 parts by mass of a 100 mM aqueous acetic acid solution were mixed at 25 ° C. Stir for hours. To this was added 1.7 parts by mass of sodium carbonate as a base catalyst, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a comparative water repellent agent 2.
- Comparative water-repellent structure 2 A comparative water-repellent structure 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the comparative water-repellent agent 2 was used instead of the water-repellent agent 1.
- Comparative Example 3 A comparative water-repellent structure 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 13 except that the comparative water-repellent agent 2 was used instead of the water-repellent agent 12.
- Comparative water-repellent structure 4 A comparative water-repellent structure 4 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the comparative water-repellent agent 3 was used instead of the water-repellent agent 1.
- Comparative Example 5 A comparative water-repellent structure 5 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 13 except that the comparative water-repellent agent 3 was used instead of the water-repellent agent 12.
- Table 1 summarizes the modes of the water-repellent treatment agent in each example and comparative example (type and content of polysiloxane compound, silane monomer, and type and content of silica particle-containing raw material).
- Table 2 summarizes the modes of water-repellent structures (types of water-repellent treatment agents and treatment methods) in each Example and Comparative Example.
- Abrasion resistance test (in organic solvent)
- a Kim Towel manufactured by Nippon Paper Crecia Co., Ltd. was rubbed several times in methyl ethyl ketone and then dried at 105 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a measurement sample.
- the contact area of the Kim towel here was 20 mm ⁇ 50 mm, and the load was 0.1 kg / cm 2 .
- 2 ⁇ L of ultrapure water droplets were dropped, and the contact angle after 5 seconds was measured at room temperature. The measurement was performed 5 times, and the average value was taken as the water contact angle.
- the thermal conductivity was determined from the product of thermal diffusivity, constant pressure specific heat capacity and density.
- the thermal diffusivity was measured using Nano Flash LFA447 manufactured by NETZSCH, the constant pressure specific heat capacity was measured using DSC Q200 manufactured by TA Instruments, and the density was an electronic hydrometer MSD- manufactured by Alpha Mirage. It was measured using 300.
- the thermal diffusivity and density were measured at 25 ° C., and the specific heat capacity at 25 ° C. was also derived by measurement.
- the water repellent structures of the examples all have a water contact angle of 90 degrees or more, and in the wear resistance test, the water contact angle is 90 degrees or more even in 1000 reciprocations in water and in an organic solvent. It can be seen that it is excellent in water repellency and adhesion.
- the result described in the “No treatment” column indicates the measurement result of the water contact angle in an untreated slide glass.
- thermal conductivity of the water-repellent structures of Examples and Comparative Examples was 1.0 W / (m ⁇ K). This is considered to be proof that the water-repellent part of the water-repellent structure is not a so-called monolithic airgel film.
- the water repellent treatment agent of the present invention can impart excellent water repellency to the surface to be treated.
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Abstract
Description
Q:1個のケイ素原子に結合した酸素原子が4個の含ケイ素結合単位。
T:1個のケイ素原子に結合した酸素原子が3個と水素原子又は1価の有機基が1個の含ケイ素結合単位。
D:1個のケイ素原子に結合した酸素原子が2個と水素原子又は1価の有機基が2個の含ケイ素結合単位。
[ただし、前記有機基とはケイ素原子に結合する原子が炭素原子である1価の有機基である。]
本明細書において、「~」を用いて示された数値範囲は、「~」の前後に記載される数値をそれぞれ最小値及び最大値として含む範囲を示す。本明細書に段階的に記載されている数値範囲において、ある段階の数値範囲の上限値又は下限値は、他の段階の数値範囲の上限値又は下限値に置き換えてもよい。本明細書に記載されている数値範囲において、その数値範囲の上限値又は下限値は、実施例に示されている値に置き換えてもよい。「A又はB」とは、A及びBのどちらか一方を含んでいればよく、両方とも含んでいてもよい。本明細書に例示する材料は、特に断らない限り、1種を単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。本明細書において、組成物中の各成分の含有量は、組成物中に各成分に該当する物質が複数存在する場合、特に断らない限り、組成物中に存在する複数の物質の合計量を意味する。
本実施形態の撥水処理剤としては、例えば、下記第一~第四の態様が挙げられる。各々の態様を採用することで、各々の態様に応じた撥水性及び密着性を得ることができる。
一実施形態の撥水処理剤は、(分子内に)加水分解性の官能基又は縮合性の官能基を有するポリシロキサン化合物、及び、該加水分解性の官能基を有するポリシロキサン化合物の加水分解生成物からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種(以下、場合により「ポリシロキサン化合物群」という)を含有する液状組成物の縮合物を含む。撥水処理剤は、また、加水分解性の官能基又は縮合性の官能基を有するポリシロキサン化合物、及び、該加水分解性の官能基を有するポリシロキサン化合物の加水分解生成物からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種を含有する液状組成物を含んでいてもよい(撥水処理剤が当該液状組成物であってもよい)。このような撥水処理剤によれば、対象物の被処理面に優れた撥水性を付与することができる。上記撥水処理剤は、対象物の被処理面に撥水部を形成するために用いられてもよい。上記撥水処理剤から形成される撥水部は、優れた撥水性を有すると共に、被処理面との密着性にも優れる。上記撥水部は、例えば、膜状の撥水部(以下、「撥水膜」ともいう)及び粒子状の撥水部(以下、「撥水粒子」ともいう)の少なくとも一方を含む形態であってもよい。すなわち、本実施形態に係る撥水処理剤は、対象物の被処理面に撥水膜及び/又は撥水粒子を形成するものであってもよい。
本実施形態の撥水処理剤は、シロキサン結合(Si-O-Si)を含む主鎖を有するポリシロキサンを含有する撥水成分を含むことかできる。当該撥水成分は、構造単位として、下記M単位、D単位、T単位又はQ単位を有することができる。
T:1個のケイ素原子に結合した酸素原子が3個と水素原子又は1価の有機基が1個の含ケイ素結合単位。
D:1個のケイ素原子に結合した酸素原子が2個と水素原子又は1価の有機基が2個の含ケイ素結合単位。
本実施形態の撥水処理剤は、下記式(1)で表される構造を有する化合物を含む撥水成分を含有していてもよい。本実施形態に係る撥水成分は、式(1)で表される構造を含む構造として、下記式(1a)で表される構造を有する化合物を含むことができる。例えば、上記式(A)で表される構造を有するポリシロキサン化合物を含む液状組成物の縮合物には、式(1)及び式(1a)で表される構造を骨格中に有する化合物を含む撥水成分が含まれ得る。
本実施形態の撥水処理剤は、支柱部及び橋かけ部を備えるラダー型構造を有し、前記橋かけ部が下記式(2)で表される化合物、を含む撥水成分、を含有していてもよい。撥水成分が、骨格中にこのようなラダー型構造を有する化合物を含むことにより、撥水性を更に向上させると共に、機械的強度を向上させることができる。すなわち、本実施形態の撥水処理剤は、ラダー型構造に起因する優れた撥水性及び耐久性を有している。例えば、上記式(B)で表される構造を有するポリシロキサン化合物を含む液状組成物の縮合物には、式(2)で表される橋かけ部を有するラダー型構造を骨格中有する化合物を含む撥水成分が含まれ得る。なお、本実施形態において「ラダー型構造」とは、2本の支柱部(struts)と支柱部同士を連結する橋かけ部(bridges)とを有するもの(いわゆる「梯子」の形態を有するもの)である。本態様において、ラダー型構造は、化合物の一部に含まれる態様であってもよい。
次に、上記撥水処理剤を用いて得られる撥水構造体について説明する。本実施形態の撥水構造体は、被処理面に撥水部が形成されており、撥水部が、上記撥水処理剤の乾燥物を含む。なお、撥水処理剤が上記の液状組成物の縮合物を含む場合であれば、撥水部が形成される際に縮合反応がさらに進むと考えられ、また撥水処理剤が上記の液状組成物そのものである場合であれば、撥水部が形成される際に縮合反応が生じると考えられる。そのため、撥水部は撥水処理剤の反応物を含むと言うこともできる。
次に、撥水処理剤の製造方法について説明する。撥水処理剤の製造方法は、特に限定されないが、例えば、以下の方法により製造することができる。
配合工程は、上記のポリシロキサン化合物、及び必要に応じシリカ粒子、シランモノマー、溶媒等を混合する工程である。この工程により、ポリシロキサン化合物等のケイ素化合物の加水分解反応を行うことができる。なお、シリカ粒子は、溶媒に分散された分散液の状態で混合してもよい。本工程においては、加水分解反応を促進させるため、溶媒中に更に酸触媒を添加してもよい。また、溶媒中に界面活性剤を添加することもできる。縮合性の官能基を有するケイ素化合物を用いる場合、加水分解反応は必ずしも必須ではない。
縮合反応工程により、縮合性の官能基を有するポリシロキサン化合物及びシランモノマー、配合工程で得られた加水分解反応物等の縮合反応を行うことができる。本工程では、縮合反応を促進させるため、塩基触媒を用いることができる。また、本工程において、熱加水分解により塩基触媒を発生する熱加水分解性化合物を添加することもできる。
次に、撥水構造体の製造方法について説明する。撥水構造体の製造方法は、特に限定されないが、例えば、以下の方法により製造することができる。
塗布工程は、例えば、上記撥水処理剤を被処理面に塗布する工程である。また、場合により、塗布後に被処理面を乾燥して溶媒を揮発させてもよい。例えば、本工程によって、被処理面に撥水部(撥水膜及び/又は撥水粒子)を形成することができる。撥水処理剤は、被処理面全体に塗布してもよく、被処理面の一部に選択的に塗布してもよい。
洗浄工程は、例えば、塗布工程で得られた構造体を洗浄する工程である。本工程を施すことにより、撥水部中の未反応物、副生成物等の不純物を低減し、より純度の高い撥水部を得ることができる。
予備乾燥工程は、例えば、洗浄工程により洗浄された構造体を予備乾燥させる工程である。
エージング工程は、例えば、予備乾燥工程により乾燥された撥水部をエージング(加熱エージング等)する工程である。これにより、最終的な撥水構造体を得ることができる。エージング工程を施すことにより、撥水構造体の撥水性と密着性とが更に向上する。なお、洗浄工程及び予備乾燥工程を省略する場合には、例えば、塗布工程で形成された撥水部をエージングすればよい。
[撥水処理剤1]
ポリシロキサン化合物としてカルビノール変性シロキサン「XF42-5277」(モメンティブ社製、製品名)を40.0質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤として臭化セチルトリメチルアンモニウム(和光純薬工業株式会社製:以下『CTAB』と略記)を6.4質量部及び100mM 酢酸水溶液を51.6質量部混合し、25℃で2時間攪拌した。これに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム2.0質量部を加え、60℃で2時間攪拌し、撥水処理剤1を得た。
上記撥水処理剤1に、スライドグラスS7213(松浪硝子工業株式会社製、製品名)をディップし、60℃で2時間かけて処理した。その後、処理したスライドグラスをメタノールにディップし、25℃で5分洗浄を行った。次にメチルエチルケトンにディップし、25℃で5分洗浄を行った。洗浄されたスライドグラスを、常圧下にて、120℃で1時間乾燥し、その後、150℃で6時間エージングすることで、撥水構造体1を得た。
[撥水処理剤2]
ポリシロキサン化合物としてポリシロキサン化合物Aを20.0質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを3.2質量部及び100mM 酢酸水溶液を75.8質量部混合し、25℃で2時間攪拌した。これに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム1.0質量部を加え、60℃で2時間攪拌し、撥水処理剤2を得た。
撥水処理剤1に代えて撥水処理剤2を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、撥水構造体2を得た。
[撥水処理剤3]
ポリシロキサン化合物としてポリシロキサン化合物Bを10.0質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを1.6質量部及び100mM 酢酸水溶液を87.9質量部混合し、25℃で2時間攪拌した。これに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム0.5質量部を加え、60℃で2時間攪拌し、撥水処理剤3を得た。
撥水処理剤1に代えて撥水処理剤3を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、撥水構造体3を得た。
ポリシロキサン化合物としてXF42-5277を20.0質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを3.2質量部及びシリカ粒子含有原料として酢酸濃度100mMに調整したPL-2L溶液(PL-2Lの詳細については表1に記載。シリカ粒子含有原料について以下同様。)を75.0質量部混合し、25℃で2時間攪拌した。これに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム2.0質量部を加え、60℃で2時間攪拌し、撥水処理剤4を得た。
撥水処理剤1に代えて撥水処理剤4を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、撥水構造体4を得た。
ポリシロキサン化合物としてポリシロキサン化合物Aを20.0質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを3.2質量部及び100mM 酢酸水溶液を24.8質量部、並びにシリカ粒子含有原料として酢酸濃度100mMに調整したPL-2L溶液を50.0質量部混合し、25℃で2時間攪拌した。これに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム2.0質量部を加え、60℃で2時間攪拌し、撥水処理剤5を得た。
撥水処理剤1に代えて撥水処理剤5を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、撥水構造体5を得た。
ポリシロキサン化合物としてポリシロキサン化合物Bを20.0質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを3.2質量部及び100mM 酢酸水溶液を49.8質量部、並びにシリカ粒子含有原料として酢酸濃度100mMに調整したPL-5溶液を25.0質量部混合し、25℃で2時間攪拌した。これに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム2.0質量部を加え、60℃で2時間攪拌し、撥水処理剤6を得た。
撥水処理剤1に代えて撥水処理剤6を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、撥水構造体6を得た。
ポリシロキサン化合物としてXF42-5277を20.0質量部、シランモノマーとしてメチルトリメトキシシランKBM-13(信越化学工業株式会社製、製品名:以下『MTMS』と略記)を30.0質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを8.0質量部及び100mM 酢酸水溶液を39.5質量部混合し、25℃で2時間攪拌した。これに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム2.5質量部を加え、60℃で2時間攪拌し、撥水処理剤7を得た。
撥水処理剤1に代えて撥水処理剤7を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、撥水構造体7を得た。
ポリシロキサン化合物としてポリシロキサン化合物Aを10.0質量部、シランモノマーとしてMTMSを15.0質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを4.0質量部及び100mM 酢酸水溶液を69.8質量部混合し、25℃で2時間攪拌した。これに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム1.2質量部を加え、60℃で2時間攪拌し、撥水処理剤8を得た。
撥水処理剤1に代えて撥水処理剤8を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、撥水構造体8を得た。
ポリシロキサン化合物としてポリシロキサン化合物Aを5.0質量部、シランモノマーとしてMTMSを15.0質量部、及びジメチルジメトキシシランKBM-22(信越化学工業株式会社製、製品名:以下『DMDMS』と略記)を5.0質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを4.0質量部並びに100mM 酢酸水溶液を69.8質量部混合し、25℃で2時間攪拌した。これに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム1.2質量部を加え、60℃で2時間攪拌し、撥水処理剤9を得た。
撥水処理剤1に代えて撥水処理剤9を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、撥水構造体9を得た。
ポリシロキサン化合物としてXF42-5277を10.0質量部、シランモノマーとしてMTMSを15.0質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを4.0質量部及び100mM 酢酸水溶液を18.5質量部、並びにシリカ粒子含有原料として酢酸濃度100mMに調整したHL-3L溶液を50.0質量部混合し、25℃で2時間攪拌した。これに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム2.5質量部を加え、60℃で2時間攪拌し、撥水処理剤10を得た。
撥水処理剤1に代えて撥水処理剤10を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、撥水構造体10を得た。
ポリシロキサン化合物としてポリシロキサン化合物Aを10.0質量部、シランモノマーとしてMTMSを15.0質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを4.0質量部及び100mM 酢酸水溶液を54.2質量部、並びにシリカ粒子含有原料として酢酸濃度100mMに調整したST-OZL-35L溶液を14.3質量部混合し、25℃で2時間攪拌した。これに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム2.5質量部を加え、60℃で2時間攪拌し、撥水処理剤11を得た。
撥水処理剤1に代えて撥水処理剤11を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、撥水構造体11を得た。
ポリシロキサン化合物としてポリシロキサン化合物Aを1.0質量部、シランモノマーとしてMTMSを3.0質量部、及びDMDMSを1.0質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを0.8質量部、100mM 酢酸水溶液を88.7質量部、並びにシリカ粒子含有原料として酢酸濃度100mMに調整したPL-2L溶液を5.0質量部混合し、25℃で2時間攪拌した。これに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム0.5質量部を加え、60℃で2時間攪拌し、撥水処理剤12を得た。
撥水処理剤1に代えて撥水処理剤12を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、撥水構造体12を得た。
[撥水構造体13]
上記撥水処理剤12に、スライドグラスS7213(松浪硝子工業株式会社製、製品名)を25℃で5分ディップし、その後、スライドグラスを150℃で2時間乾燥して、溶媒を揮発させた。乾燥したスライドグラスをメタノールにディップし、25℃で5分洗浄を行った。次にメチルエチルケトンにディップし、25℃で5分洗浄を行った。洗浄されたスライドグラスを、常圧下にて、120℃で1時間乾燥し、その後、150℃で6時間エージングすることで、撥水構造体13を得た。
[撥水構造体14]
25℃の上記撥水処理剤12をウエット厚さが500μmになるようにスプレーガン(アネスト岩田株式会社製、製品名:W-50-124BPG)を用いて、スライドグラスS7213(松浪硝子工業株式会社製、製品名)の被処理面に対して塗布し、150℃で2時間乾燥して、溶媒を揮発させた。乾燥したスライドグラスをメタノールにディップし、25℃で5分洗浄を行った。次にメチルエチルケトンにディップし、25℃で5分洗浄を行った。洗浄されたスライドグラスを、常圧下にて、120℃で1時間乾燥し、その後、150℃で6時間エージングすることで、撥水構造体14を得た。
[撥水処理剤13]
ポリシロキサン化合物としてポリシロキサン化合物Aを0.1質量部、シランモノマーとしてMTMSを0.3質量部、及びDMDMSを0.1質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを0.1質量部、100mM 酢酸水溶液を98.2質量部、並びにシリカ粒子含有原料として酢酸濃度100mMに調整したPL-2L溶液を1.0質量部混合し、25℃で2時間攪拌した。これに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム0.2質量部を加え、60℃で2時間攪拌し、撥水処理剤13を得た。
撥水処理剤12に代えて撥水処理剤13を用いたこと以外は、実施例13と同様にして、撥水構造体15を得た。
[撥水処理剤14]
ポリシロキサン化合物としてポリシロキサン化合物Aを10.0質量部、シランモノマーとしてMTMSを15.0質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを4.0質量部、100mM 酢酸水溶液を69.8質量部及び塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム1.2質量部を混合し、25℃で6時間攪拌し、撥水処理剤14を得た。
撥水処理剤1に代えて撥水処理剤14を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、撥水構造体16を得た。
[撥水処理剤15]
ポリシロキサン化合物としてポリシロキサン化合物Aを5.0質量部、シランモノマーとしてMTMSを15.0質量部、及びDMDMSを5.0質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを4.0質量部、100mM 酢酸水溶液を69.8質量部、並びに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム1.2質量部を混合し、25℃で6時間攪拌し、撥水処理剤15を得た。
撥水処理剤1に代えて撥水処理剤15を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、撥水構造体17を得た。
[撥水処理剤16]
ポリシロキサン化合物としてポリシロキサン化合物Aを1.0質量部、シランモノマーとしてMTMSを3.0質量部、及びDMDMSを1.0質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを0.8質量部、100mM 酢酸水溶液を88.7質量部、シリカ粒子含有原料として酢酸濃度100mMに調整したPL-2L溶液を5.0質量部、並びに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム0.5質量部を混合し、25℃で6時間攪拌し、撥水処理剤16を得た。
撥水処理剤1に代えて撥水処理剤16を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、撥水構造体18を得た。
[撥水処理剤17]
ポリシロキサン化合物としてポリシロキサン化合物Aを0.1質量部、シランモノマーとしてMTMSを0.3質量部、及びDMDMSを0.1質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを0.1質量部、100mM 酢酸水溶液を98.2質量部、シリカ粒子含有原料として酢酸濃度100mMに調整したPL-2L溶液を1.0質量部、並びに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム0.2質量部を混合し、25℃で6時間攪拌し、撥水処理剤17を得た。
撥水処理剤1に代えて撥水処理剤17を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、撥水構造体19を得た。
[撥水処理剤18]
ポリシロキサン化合物としてポリシロキサン化合物Aを5.0質量部、シランモノマーとしてMTMSを15.0質量部、及びDMDMSを5.0質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを4.0質量部、100mM 酢酸水溶液を69.8質量部、並びにエアロゲル粒子としてIC3100(キャボット社製、製品名)を1.0質量部混合し、25℃で2時間攪拌した。これに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム1.2質量部を加え、60℃で2時間攪拌し、撥水処理剤18を得た。
撥水処理剤1に代えて撥水処理剤18を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、撥水構造体20を得た。
[撥水処理剤19]
ポリシロキサン化合物としてポリシロキサン化合物Aを1.0質量部、シランモノマーとしてMTMSを3.0質量部、及びDMDMSを1.0質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを0.1質量部、100mM 酢酸水溶液を98.2質量部、シリカ粒子含有原料として酢酸濃度100mMに調整したPL-2L溶液を1.0質量部、エアロゲル粒子としてIC3100(キャボット社製、製品名)を1.0質量部、並びに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム0.2質量部を混合し、25℃で6時間攪拌し、撥水処理剤19を得た。
撥水処理剤1に代えて撥水処理剤19を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、撥水構造体21を得た。
[比較撥水処理剤1]
シランモノマーとしてMTMSを30.0質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを2.4質量部及び100mM 酢酸水溶液を66.1質量部混合し、25℃で2時間攪拌した。これに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム1.5質量部を加え、60℃で2時間攪拌し、比較撥水処理剤1を得た。
撥水処理剤1に代えて比較撥水処理剤1を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、比較撥水構造体1を得た。
[比較撥水処理剤2]
シランモノマーとしてMTMSを20.0質量部、及びDMDMSを15.0質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを2.8質量部及び100mM 酢酸水溶液を60.5質量部混合し、25℃で2時間攪拌した。これに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム1.7質量部を加え、60℃で2時間攪拌し、比較撥水処理剤2を得た。
撥水処理剤1に代えて比較撥水処理剤2を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、比較撥水構造体2を得た。
[比較撥水構造体3]
撥水処理剤12に代えて比較撥水処理剤2を用いたこと以外は、実施例13と同様にして、比較撥水構造体3を得た。
[比較撥水処理剤3]
シランモノマーとしてフルオロアルキルシランXC98-B2472(モメンティブ社製、製品名)を30.0質量部、カチオン系界面活性剤としてCTABを2.4質量部及び100mM 酢酸水溶液を66.1質量部混合し、25℃で2時間攪拌した。これに塩基触媒として炭酸ナトリウム1.5質量部を加え、60℃で2時間攪拌し、比較撥水処理剤3を得た。
撥水処理剤1に代えて比較撥水処理剤3を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、比較撥水構造体4を得た。
[比較撥水構造体5]
撥水処理剤12に代えて比較撥水処理剤3を用いたこと以外は、実施例13と同様にして、比較撥水構造体5を得た。
各実施例及び比較例で得られた撥水構造体について、以下の条件に従って測定又は評価をした。水接触角測定、耐摩耗性試験(水中、有機溶媒中)、含ケイ素結合単位Q、T及びDに係るシグナル面積比の測定の評価結果をまとめて表3に示す。
各実施例及び比較例で得られた撥水構造体を、105℃で1時間乾燥し、測定サンプルとした。次に、協和界面科学株式会社製の接触角計DMs-401を使用して、超純水の液滴2μLを滴下し、5秒後の接触角を、室温で測定した。測定は5回行い、平均値を水接触角とした。
耐磨耗試験(水中)は、水中で日本製紙クレシア株式会社製キムタオルをサンプル表面に複数回擦りつけ、その後、105℃で1時間乾燥し、測定サンプルとした。ここでのキムタオルの接触面積は、20mm×50mm、加重0.1Kg/cm2とした。次に、協和界面科学株式会社製の接触角計DMs-401を使用して、超純水の液滴2μLを滴下し、5秒後の接触角を、室温で測定した。測定は5回行い、平均値を水接触角とした。
耐摩耗試験(有機溶媒中)は、メチルエチルケトン中で日本製紙クレシア株式会社製キムタオルをサンプル表面に複数回擦りつけ、その後、105℃で1時間乾燥し、測定サンプルとした。ここでのキムタオルの接触面積は、20mm×50mm、加重0.1Kg/cm2とした。次に、協和界面科学株式会社製の接触角計DMs-401を使用して、超純水の液滴2μLを滴下し、5秒後の接触角を、室温で測定した。測定は5回行い、平均値を水接触角とした。
固体29Si-NMR装置として「FT-NMR AV400WB」(ブルカー・バイオスピン株式会社製、製品名)を用いて測定を行った。測定条件は、測定モード:DD/MAS法、プローブ:4mmφのCPMASプローブ、磁場:9.4T、共鳴周波数:79Hz、MAS回転数:4kHz、遅延時間:150秒とした。標準試料としては、3-トリメチルシリルプロピオン酸ナトリウムを用いた。
熱伝導率は、熱拡散率と定圧比熱容量と密度の積から求めた。熱拡散率は、NETZSCH社製のNano Flash LFA447を用いて測定し、定圧比熱容量は、TAインスツルメント社製のDSC Q200を用いて測定し、密度はアルファミラージュ社製の電子比重計MSD-300を用いて測定した。熱拡散率、密度は25℃で測定し、定圧比熱容量測定についても25℃の比熱容量を測定により導いた。
Claims (17)
- 加水分解性の官能基又は縮合性の官能基を有するポリシロキサン化合物、及び、該加水分解性の官能基を有するポリシロキサン化合物の加水分解生成物からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種を含有する液状組成物の縮合物を含む、撥水処理剤。
- 加水分解性の官能基又は縮合性の官能基を有するポリシロキサン化合物、及び、該加水分解性の官能基を有するポリシロキサン化合物の加水分解生成物からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種を含有する液状組成物を含む、撥水処理剤。
- 前記液状組成物がシリカ粒子を更に含有する、請求項1又は2に記載の撥水処理剤。
- 前記シリカ粒子の1g当りのシラノール基数が、10×1018~1000×1018個/gである、請求項3に記載の撥水処理剤。
- 前記液状組成物が、加水分解性の官能基又は縮合性の官能基を有するシランモノマー、及び、該加水分解性の官能基を有するシランモノマーの加水分解生成物からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種を更に含有する、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の撥水処理剤。
- 前記液状組成物がエアロゲル粒子を更に含有する、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の撥水処理剤。
- 対象物の被処理面に撥水部を形成するために用いられる、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の撥水処理剤。
- 前記撥水部がエアロゲルを含む、請求項9に記載の撥水処理剤。
- DD/MAS法を用いて測定された固体29Si-NMRスペクトルにおいて、含ケイ素結合単位Q、T及びDを以下の通り規定したとき、Q及びTに由来するシグナル面積と、Dに由来するシグナル面積との比Q+T:Dが1:0.01~1:0.70である撥水成分、を含有する撥水処理剤。
Q:1個のケイ素原子に結合した酸素原子が4個の含ケイ素結合単位。
T:1個のケイ素原子に結合した酸素原子が3個と水素原子又は1価の有機基が1個の含ケイ素結合単位。
D:1個のケイ素原子に結合した酸素原子が2個と水素原子又は1価の有機基が2個の含ケイ素結合単位。
[ただし、前記有機基とはケイ素原子に結合する原子が炭素原子である1価の有機基である。] - 前記撥水成分がエアロゲルである、請求項11~14のいずれか一項に記載の撥水処理剤。
- 対象物と、該対象物の被処理面上に撥水部と、を備え、
前記撥水部が、請求項1~15のいずれか一項に記載の撥水処理剤の乾燥物を含む、撥水構造体。 - 請求項1~15のいずれか一項に記載の撥水処理剤を対象物の被処理面に塗布する工程を備える、撥水構造体の製造方法。
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WO2015129736A1 (ja) * | 2014-02-26 | 2015-09-03 | 日立化成株式会社 | エアロゲル |
JP2016216283A (ja) * | 2015-05-18 | 2016-12-22 | 日立化成株式会社 | エアロゲル、エアロゲルの製造方法及びエアロゲルフィルム |
WO2017002342A1 (ja) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-01-05 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | エアロゲルおよびそれを用いた部材とその製造方法 |
WO2017010551A1 (ja) * | 2015-07-15 | 2017-01-19 | 日立化成株式会社 | エアロゲル複合材料 |
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KR20190113801A (ko) | 2019-10-08 |
WO2018142551A1 (ja) | 2018-08-09 |
TWI805569B (zh) | 2023-06-21 |
EP3578621A4 (en) | 2020-12-23 |
JP7156037B2 (ja) | 2022-10-19 |
US20220228029A1 (en) | 2022-07-21 |
TW201833294A (zh) | 2018-09-16 |
JPWO2018143356A1 (ja) | 2019-11-21 |
EP3578621A1 (en) | 2019-12-11 |
US20200010725A1 (en) | 2020-01-09 |
CN110234726A (zh) | 2019-09-13 |
KR102605764B1 (ko) | 2023-11-27 |
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