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WO2018143178A1 - Module de conversion thermoélectrique - Google Patents

Module de conversion thermoélectrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018143178A1
WO2018143178A1 PCT/JP2018/002913 JP2018002913W WO2018143178A1 WO 2018143178 A1 WO2018143178 A1 WO 2018143178A1 JP 2018002913 W JP2018002913 W JP 2018002913W WO 2018143178 A1 WO2018143178 A1 WO 2018143178A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
thermoelectric conversion
conversion element
type thermoelectric
heat
conversion module
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2018/002913
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
内田　秀樹
聡 阿部
Original Assignee
日本ゼオン株式会社
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Publication date
Application filed by 日本ゼオン株式会社 filed Critical 日本ゼオン株式会社
Priority to JP2018565554A priority Critical patent/JP7183794B2/ja
Publication of WO2018143178A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018143178A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass and not covered by groups H10K10/80, H10K30/80, H10K50/80 or H10K59/80
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
    • H10N10/13—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects characterised by the heat-exchanging means at the junction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
    • H10N10/17—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects characterised by the structure or configuration of the cell or thermocouple forming the device

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a thermoelectric conversion module.
  • thermoelectric conversion modules that convert heat into electricity using temperature differences have attracted attention.
  • a thermoelectric conversion module a thermoelectric conversion module including a joined body formed by joining a p (Positive) type semiconductor material and an n (Negative) type semiconductor material has attracted attention because of its large electromotive force. ing.
  • the thermoelectric conversion module is anticipated as an effective means for utilizing an unused thermal energy.
  • thermoelectric conversion module there is a thermoelectric conversion module having a structure including a thermoelectric conversion element configured by alternately arranging p-type elements and n-type elements in a plane and an outer layer member having a plurality of convex portions. It has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • the convex portion of the outer layer member is thermally coupled to a position corresponding to the connection portion of the p-type element and the n-type element.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a plurality of p-type elements and n-type elements in which convex portions made of a material having high thermal conductivity are alternately arranged on both upper and lower sides with respect to the plane of the thermoelectric conversion element.
  • thermoelectric conversion element A structure is disclosed in which heat and cold are alternately transmitted to the connecting portion. According to such a structure, heat is recovered from the heat source by the outer layer member arranged on the high temperature side and transferred to the thermoelectric conversion element via the convex portion, and cold is obtained by the outer layer member arranged on the low temperature side, It was possible to transmit to the thermoelectric conversion element via the part.
  • thermoelectric conversion module is required to have high flexibility so as to be compatible with various mounting modes as well as high thermoelectric conversion efficiency.
  • the heat transfer from the high temperature side and the cold heat transfer from the low temperature side are used in combination to increase the temperature difference in the PN connection direction of the thermoelectric conversion element.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a thermoelectric conversion module that can achieve both thermoelectric conversion efficiency and flexibility.
  • thermoelectric conversion module of the present invention is a thermoelectric conversion module that converts heat from a heat source into electric power in one direction in a plane.
  • a film-like thermoelectric conversion element body having a p-type thermoelectric conversion element and an n-type thermoelectric conversion element bonded along a certain bonding direction, and a first surface of the thermoelectric conversion element body for receiving heat from a heat source
  • thermoelectric conversion module has a structure including the heat conductor bonded to the bonding portion of the thermoelectric conversion element body only on the first surface that receives heat from the heat source, the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric conversion module is obtained. And flexibility can be achieved.
  • the film-shaped thermoelectric conversion element body is formed by continuously joining at least two pairs of p-type thermoelectric conversion elements and n-type thermoelectric conversion elements, and the thermal conductor is At least two or more pairs of the p-type thermoelectric conversion elements and the n-type thermoelectric conversion elements are joined to every other joint, and the joints to which the thermal conductors are joined are electrically conductive and It is preferable to comprise a metal material having thermal conductivity.
  • the joint portion to which the heat conductor is bonded contains a metal material having conductivity and heat conductivity, the heat transfer efficiency is increased, and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric conversion module can be further increased. .
  • thermoelectric conversion module of the present invention the p-type thermoelectric conversion element and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element may be directly bonded to a bonding portion to which the thermal conductor is not coupled among the plurality of bonding portions. preferable.
  • the joint where the thermal conductor is not bonded is formed by directly joining thermoelectric conversion elements of different conductivity types, the temperature difference in the joining direction of the thermoelectric conversion element body is further expanded. The thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric conversion module can be further increased.
  • thermoelectric conversion element body has at least one thermoelectric conversion element body substrate, and the thermoelectric conversion element body substrate has at least one vent hole. .
  • the thermoelectric conversion module if the thermoelectric conversion element body is supported by the thermoelectric conversion element body substrate having a vent, the strength of the thermoelectric conversion element body is increased and the temperature difference in the joining direction of the thermoelectric conversion element body is further expanded. be able to.
  • thermoelectric conversion module of the present invention it is preferable that the p-type thermoelectric conversion element and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element each have a length in the joining direction of 5 mm or more. If the joining direction length of each thermoelectric conversion element constituting the thermoelectric conversion element body is 5 mm or more, the temperature difference in the joining direction of the thermoelectric conversion element body can be further expanded, and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric conversion module is further increased. Can be increased.
  • the thermoelectric conversion module of the present invention preferably includes a heat insulating region adjacent to both sides of the heat conductor in the joining direction, and further includes a radiation reflector and / or a radiation preventer in the heat insulating region. . If the radiation reflector and / or the radiation preventing body are disposed in the heat insulation on both sides of the heat conductor in the joining direction, the temperature difference in the joining direction of the thermoelectric conversion element body can be further expanded, and the thermoelectric conversion module thermoelectric module The conversion efficiency can be further increased.
  • thermoelectric conversion module of the present invention it is preferable that the p-type thermoelectric conversion element and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element constituting the film-like thermoelectric conversion element body are arranged in a meandering manner. If the continuous joined body of the plurality of thermoelectric conversion elements constituting the thermoelectric conversion element body is arranged in a meandering manner, the thermoelectric conversion elements can be efficiently integrated and arranged in a limited space. The conversion efficiency can be further increased.
  • thermoelectric conversion module of the present invention a plurality of thermal conductors coupled to the continuous assembly arranged in a meandering manner are interconnected in a direction perpendicular to the joining direction in the plane. It is preferable to become. If a plurality of heat conductors coupled to a meandering continuous joined body are interconnected in a direction perpendicular to the joining direction, flexibility in the joining direction and perpendicular to the joining direction are obtained. It is possible to achieve both strength in the direction.
  • thermoelectric conversion module of the present invention it is preferable that each of the plurality of thermal conductors coupled to the continuous arrangement of the serpentine arrangement is separated from other thermal conductors. If the plurality of thermal conductors coupled to the meandering continuous joined body are spaced apart from each other, the flexibility of the thermoelectric conversion module can be further enhanced.
  • each p-type thermoelectric conversion element or n-type thermoelectric conversion element arranged at each end in the joining direction of the continuous assembly arranged in a meandering manner has each end.
  • thermoelectric conversion module that can achieve both thermoelectric conversion efficiency and flexibility can be provided.
  • thermoelectric conversion module of this invention It is sectional drawing which shows an example of schematic structure of the thermoelectric conversion module of this invention. It is a top view which shows another example of schematic structure of the thermoelectric conversion module of this invention. It is a top view which shows another example of schematic structure of the thermoelectric conversion module of this invention. It is a top view which shows another example of schematic structure of the thermoelectric conversion module of this invention.
  • thermoelectric conversion module of the present invention is not particularly limited, and is a temperature control element that can be used in a cold storage or the like, a power generation element for waste heat power generation or snow ice power generation, and a lithium ion battery or the like. Can be used as an electrode. Moreover, it does not specifically limit as a heat source of the thermoelectric conversion module of this invention, For example, it can be heat sources, such as an electric equipment, and cold heat sources, such as liquefied natural gas, snow, and ice.
  • the temperature of the heat source is higher than the temperature on the high temperature side of the temperature gradient to be formed in the thermoelectric conversion element, that is, the heat source is a heat source other than the cold heat source. I will explain.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic structure of a thermoelectric conversion module 100 according to an example of the present invention.
  • one surface is a first surface that receives heat from a heat source, and the other surface is a second surface opposite to the first surface.
  • the first surface is a high temperature side surface facing a high temperature atmosphere
  • the second surface is a low temperature side surface facing a low temperature atmosphere.
  • the high temperature side surface of the thermoelectric conversion module 100 may be disposed adjacent to the heat source 200.
  • the lower side is shown as the high temperature side
  • the upper side is shown as the low temperature side.
  • the thermoelectric conversion module 100 includes a film-like thermoelectric conversion element body 10 in which the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2 are joined along a joining direction that is one direction in the plane.
  • the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 is shown as having three pairs of p-type thermoelectric conversion elements 1 and n-type thermoelectric conversion elements 2.
  • the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 is not limited to this, It is only necessary to have a pair of p-type thermoelectric conversion elements 1 and n-type thermoelectric conversion elements 2.
  • the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 has one surface as a high-temperature side surface that receives heat from a heat source, the other surface as a low-temperature side surface, and only the high-temperature side surface, and the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2.
  • the thermal conductor 4 coupled to the joint 3A is provided.
  • region 5 is arrange
  • the thermoelectric conversion module 100 having such a structure can achieve both thermoelectric conversion efficiency and flexibility at a high level. The reason for this is not clear, but is presumed to be as follows.
  • thermoelectric conversion module In the structure in which the heat conductor is arranged on both sides of the film-like thermoelectric conversion element body, the flexibility of the thermoelectric conversion module cannot be sufficiently increased due to the presence of the heat conductor arranged on both sides. there were.
  • thermoelectric conversion module having a structure in which heat conductors are arranged on both sides of the film-like thermoelectric conversion element body the materials of the constituent members, the size of the module, the temperature of the heat source, etc. It became clear that depending on the combination of various conditions, there may be cases where radiant heat from the heat source is conducted to the heat conductor disposed on the low temperature side surface. If the heat conductor arranged on the low temperature side is warmed, the temperature difference generated in the folded thermoelectric conversion element body is narrowed.
  • the inventors of the present invention have a structure in which the heat conductor 4 is bonded to the film-shaped thermoelectric conversion element body 10 only at the joint portion on the high temperature side surface without arranging the heat conductor on the low temperature side surface.
  • the temperature difference generated in the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 was narrowed, and to create a structure capable of suppressing an excessive decrease in flexibility of the thermoelectric conversion module.
  • the heat insulating region 5 adjacent to the heat conductor 4 can be configured by a material having a lower thermal conductivity than the heat conductor 4 or by a vacuum.
  • the substance having a lower thermal conductivity than the thermal conductor 4 is preferably a substance having a lower thermal conductivity than thermoelectric conversion element body substrates 11 and 12 described later, and more preferably a heat insulating substance.
  • such a substance is not particularly limited, and has a thermal conductivity of less than 0.1 W / m ⁇ K, such as an inorganic fiber-based heat insulating material, a foamed plastic-based heat insulating material, and air,
  • a heat insulating material of less than 0.06 W / m ⁇ K is used.
  • the heat insulating material is air. This is because the heat insulation effect is enhanced by the fluidity of the air, and the temperature gradient in the joining direction of the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 can be increased.
  • the radiation reflector 21 and / or the radiation preventer 22 be disposed in the heat insulating region 5.
  • the heat insulating region 5 faces the high temperature side surface of the thermoelectric conversion element body 10.
  • four sides are partitioned by two heat conductors 4, a substrate 6 described later, and the high temperature side surface of the thermoelectric conversion element body 10. It is a void.
  • the radiation reflector 21 is not in contact with the substrate 6, it may be disposed at any position in the heat insulating region 5.
  • the radiation reflector 21 having such a specific arrangement, the radiation from the heat source is reflected, and the thermoelectric conversion element is prevented from being directly heated without passing through the heat conductor 4, whereby the joining direction of the thermoelectric conversion element
  • the temperature gradient in can be further increased, and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric conversion module 100 can be further increased.
  • the radiation reflector 21 may have a radiation reflectance of 90% or more. More preferably, from the viewpoint of maximizing the radiation reflection effect, the radiation reflector 21 is disposed adjacent to the high temperature side surface of the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 to connect the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2.
  • thermoelectric conversion module 100 does not include the substrate 6
  • the radiation reflector 21 is formed by the two heat conductors 4, the heat source, and the high temperature side surface of the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 as long as they are not in contact with the heat source. It can be arranged at any position in the gap where the four sides are partitioned.
  • the radiation reflector 21 is not specifically limited, For example, it may be a sheet-like structure formed by blending flat metal particles with a resin.
  • the flat metal particles are preferably oriented so as to be substantially parallel to the surface direction.
  • the radiation preventing body 22 can be disposed at any position in the heat insulating region 5 as long as it is not in contact with the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 and the radiation reflector 21.
  • the thermoelectric conversion module 100 includes the above-described radiation reflector 21, the radiation preventing body 22 is disposed at a higher temperature side than the radiation reflector 21 (that is, the radiation reflector 21 with the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 as a standard). Rather than a position farther in the thickness direction of the thermoelectric conversion module). And the radiation direction from the heat source is prevented by the radiation preventing body 22, and the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 is prevented from being directly heated without passing through the heat conductor 4.
  • the temperature gradient in can be further increased, and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric conversion module 100 can be further increased.
  • the radiation preventing body 22 is disposed adjacent to the substrate 6 and both end portions of the radiation preventing body 22 in the connecting direction of the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2. However, it can arrange
  • the radiation preventing body 22 is not particularly limited, and is the same material as the radiation reflecting body 21 or, for example, a commercially available heat shielding film (manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. “Top Heat Barrier (registered trademark) THB-WBE1”). ) And a general material with low radiation.
  • thermoelectric conversion module 100 A schematic scheme of power generation by the thermoelectric conversion module 100 is as follows. First, the heat released from the heat source 200 is transmitted through the thermal conductor 4 to each end of the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2 joined at the joint 3A. Thereby, a temperature gradient in the joining direction of the thermoelectric conversion module 100 is generated in each of the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2. An electromotive force is generated by the Seebeck effect resulting from the temperature gradient, and the thermoelectric conversion module 100 generates power. If the temperature gradient is large, the electromotive force generated increases, and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric conversion module 100 can be improved.
  • thermoelectric conversion material for forming the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2 constituting the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 is not particularly limited, and is a bismuth tellurium compound, antimony compound, silicon-based material.
  • a compound, a metal oxide compound, a Heusler alloy compound, a conductive polymer compound, a conductive fiber, a composite material thereof, and the like can be used.
  • conductive fibers it is preferable to use conductive fibers, and it is more preferable to use fibrous carbon nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes (hereinafter also referred to as CNT). This is because if CNTs are used, the mechanical strength of the thermoelectric conversion module 100 of the present invention can be further improved and the weight can be reduced.
  • the CNT is not particularly limited, and single-wall CNT and / or multi-wall CNT can be used, and the CNT is preferably single-wall CNT. This is because single-walled CNTs tend to have superior thermoelectric properties (Seebeck coefficient).
  • CVD chemical vapor deposition
  • oxidizing agent catalyst activating substance
  • the produced CNT can be used (hereinafter, the CNT produced according to such a method may be referred to as “SGCNT”). Furthermore, SGCNT has a feature that it is bent a lot. Here, although CNT has high thermal conductivity due to electron transfer, it is considered that the effect of lowering thermal conductivity due to phonon vibration is also high. However, SGCNT is more bent than CNTs manufactured according to other general methods, and thus has a structure in which phonon vibration is less likely to be amplified, and can suppress a decrease in thermal conductivity due to phonon vibration. . Therefore, SGCNT can be a material more advantageous as a thermoelectric conversion material than other general CNTs.
  • thermoelectric conversion material for comprising the thermoelectric conversion element body 10
  • CNTs have characteristics as p-type thermoelectric conversion elements as they are. Therefore, it is necessary to apply a process for obtaining the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2 (hereinafter also referred to as “n-treatment”) to the CNTs.
  • n-treatment a process for obtaining the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2
  • a bucky paper which is a CNT formed into a thin film, which is produced by a known method or is commercially available, is described in a general method, for example, as described in International Publication No. 2015/198980.
  • the length in the joining direction of the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2 is preferably 5 mm or more, respectively. If the length in the joining direction of the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2 is not less than the above lower limit value, the temperature difference in the joining direction of the thermoelectric conversion element body can be further expanded, and the thermoelectric conversion module Thermoelectric conversion efficiency can be further increased.
  • thermoelectric conversion material for forming the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2 constituting the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 it is preferable to use a thermoelectric conversion material having a structure having a void inside.
  • thermoelectric conversion material having a structure having voids therein include a conductive structure having a density of 0.1 g / cm 3 or less and a fibrous network structure.
  • a conductive structure can be specifically composed of a fibrous carbon nanostructure such as CNT.
  • thermoelectric conversion material having a void inside is used as the thermoelectric conversion material for forming the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2, the thermal conductivity of the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 is lowered. Thus, the temperature gradient in the joining direction of the thermoelectric conversion element can be further increased, and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency can be further improved.
  • thermoelectric conversion material having a structure having voids therein is not particularly limited, and can be formed by using, for example, a fibrous carbon nanostructure containing CNTs and unexpanded expanded particles in combination.
  • the respective thermal conductivities in two directions orthogonal (crossing) to each other may be different. Therefore, the direction in which the thermal conductivity is high can be formed so as to coincide with the thickness direction of the thermoelectric conversion module 100.
  • a sheet containing a non-foamed expanded particle and a fibrous carbon nanostructure containing CNTs is formed, and the obtained sheet is sandwiched between upper and lower or left and right molds, It can be produced by foaming.
  • the joint 3A to which the thermal conductor 4 is coupled is formed of a metal having conductivity and thermal conductivity. It is preferable.
  • the metal having conductivity and thermal conductivity include a metal material having an electrical conductivity (JIS K 0130: 2008) of 10 S / m or more and a thermal conductivity of 10 W / m ⁇ K or more, more specifically. , Ag, Cu and the like. Among these, Ag is preferable from the viewpoint that there is an easily available paste-like material, the cost of the process can be reduced, and the ease of the process can be imparted.
  • the joint part 3 includes a metal material having conductivity and thermal conductivity, the heat transfer efficiency between the joint part 3A and the heat conductor 4 is increased, and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric conversion module can be further increased. . Furthermore, it is preferable that the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2 are directly bonded at the bonding part 3B where the thermal conductor 4 is not bonded. In the thermoelectric conversion module, if the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2 are directly bonded at the bonding portion 3B to which the heat conductor 4 is not bonded, the bonding direction of the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 is determined.
  • thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric conversion module 100 can be further increased.
  • thermal conductivity is a value that can be measured for a measurement object such as a thermal conductor, for example, using a laser flash method.
  • the junction 3A can be formed by connecting the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2 using a paste-like resin material containing Ag as a conductive material.
  • the resin material is not particularly limited, and is a general resin such as (meth) acrylic resin, epoxy resin, fluorine resin, silicone resin, olefin resin, polyamide resin, and polyimide resin. Materials can be used. Preferably, a polyimide resin having high flexibility and high heat resistance is used as the resin material.
  • (meth) acryl means “acryl” or “methacryl”.
  • the heat conductor 4 connected to the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 is coupled to the joint 3 as described above.
  • the heat conductor 4 is disposed so that the heat insulating regions 5 adjacent to the heat conductor 4 communicate with each other. This is because air can flow between the heat insulating regions 5 to further enhance the heat insulating properties of the heat insulating regions 5 and increase the temperature gradient in the joining direction of the thermoelectric conversion element body 10.
  • the heat insulating regions 5 adjacent to the heat conductor 4 communicate with each other, and each of the plurality of heat insulating regions 5 communicates directly or indirectly with the outside atmosphere of the thermoelectric conversion module 100. It is preferable to arrange so as to. It is because the temperature gradient in the joining direction of the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 can be further increased by further increasing the heat insulating property of the heat insulating region 5.
  • the heat conductor 4 is not particularly limited, and is made of a heat conductive material including a heat conductive inorganic material such as a metal material similar to the above-described joint portion 3A and a heat conductive organic material such as a heat conductive resin. Can be formed. Among these, Al is preferable from the viewpoint of lightness.
  • the thermal conductivity of the heat conductor 4 is preferably 10 W / m ⁇ K or more, more preferably 50 W / m ⁇ K or more, further preferably 100 W / m ⁇ K or more, and 200 W / m Particularly preferred is m ⁇ K or more.
  • the heat conductor 4 has the thickness direction length of the thermoelectric conversion module 100 of 1 mm or more.
  • thermoelectric conversion element body 10 This is because the temperature gradient in the joining direction of the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 can be further increased. Furthermore, the thermal conductor 4 is in contact with the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 in a region that is 1/5 or less of the length of each junction direction of the junction 3A and the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2. Is preferred.
  • the heat conductor 4 may be an anisotropic heat conductor.
  • the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of the thermoelectric conversion module 100 is higher than the thermal conductivity in the transverse direction with respect to the thickness direction. If the heat conductor 4 is an anisotropic heat conductor rich in heat conductivity in the thickness direction, loss that may occur when the heat conductor 4 conducts heat is reduced, and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric conversion module 100 is reduced. Can be further improved.
  • the heat conductor 4 is an anisotropic heat conductor, it is preferable that the heat conductivity of the thickness direction of this anisotropic heat conductor is 10 W / m * K or more, and is 50 W / m. More preferably, it is K or more, more preferably 100 W / m ⁇ K or more, and particularly preferably 200 W / m ⁇ K or more.
  • the anisotropic heat conductor is not particularly limited, and is formed using, for example, a graphite sheet, an organic anisotropic heat conductive material such as CNT, and an inorganic anisotropic heat conductive material such as flat metal particles. can do.
  • the flat metal particles mean, for example, flat metal particles having an aspect ratio of 3 or more. It is preferable to use an organic anisotropic heat conductive material from the viewpoint of imparting flexibility to the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 and reducing the weight. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of further improving the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric conversion module 100, it is preferable to form the anisotropic heat conductor constituting the heat conductor 4 using CNTs.
  • the anisotropic heat conductor is not particularly limited, and is formed by using these anisotropic heat conductive materials and a general resin material that can also be used for forming the joint portion 3. Can do.
  • the anisotropic heat conductor includes a coating process, a pressurizing process, and the like so that the direction of high thermal conductivity of the anisotropic heat conductive material matches the thickness direction of the thermoelectric conversion module 100 using these. It can be produced by a known production method.
  • the film-like thermoelectric conversion element body 10 may have at least one thermoelectric conversion element body substrate that supports the thermoelectric conversion element body 10.
  • the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 is sandwiched from both sides by a high temperature side thermoelectric conversion element body substrate 11 and a low temperature side thermoelectric conversion element body substrate 12. If the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 is supported by at least one thermoelectric conversion element body substrate, the mechanical strength of the thermoelectric conversion module 100 can be further improved.
  • the high temperature side thermoelectric conversion element body substrate 11 and the low temperature side thermoelectric conversion element body substrate 12 have at least one ventilation hole, the heat insulation property of the heat insulation region 5 is improved by improving the air permeability of the heat insulation region 5. Can be improved. For this reason, the temperature difference in the connection direction of the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 can be further expanded.
  • the high temperature side thermoelectric conversion element body substrate 11 and the low temperature side thermoelectric conversion element body substrate 12 are not particularly limited, and may be a film formed of a heat-resistant and flexible resin material such as polyimide.
  • vents of the high temperature side thermoelectric conversion element body substrate 11 and the low temperature side thermoelectric conversion element body substrate 12 are not particularly limited, and are along the joining direction of the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2. , Can be arranged at equal intervals.
  • thermoelectric conversion module 100 may include a substrate 6 connected to the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 via the heat conductor 4. If at least one substrate 6 connected to the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 via the thermal conductor 4 is provided, the mechanical strength of the thermoelectric conversion module 100 can be improved. Further, the at least one substrate 6 can also function to protect the components inside the module from the external environment.
  • the substrate 6 can be a resin substrate or a metal substrate.
  • a so-called flexible substrate which is a substrate including a resin material having flexibility, can be given.
  • examples of such a flexible substrate include substrates formed using a resin having low thermal conductivity and excellent heat resistance and flexibility.
  • the high-temperature side thermoelectric conversion element substrate 11 and the low-temperature side are exemplified.
  • substrate 12 is mentioned.
  • a resin substrate and a metal substrate can each be used independently, both can be laminated
  • thermoelectric conversion module 100 flexibility can be imparted to the thermoelectric conversion module 100, and the ease of installation of the thermoelectric conversion module can be improved.
  • the installation location of the thermoelectric conversion module is not always flat, so if flexibility can be given to the thermoelectric conversion module, the thermoelectric conversion module can be freely deformed according to the shape of the installation location, and the power generation efficiency can be improved. Can be raised.
  • a metal substrate is employed as the substrate 6, the temperature gradient in the joining direction of the thermoelectric conversion elements can be further increased, and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency can be further increased.
  • an anisotropic heat conductive substrate formed using an anisotropic heat conductive material similar to that of the heat conductor 4 can also be used as the substrate 6.
  • the thermal conductivity in the transverse direction with respect to the thickness direction of the substrate is higher than the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of the substrate. Therefore, if at least the substrate 6 is an anisotropic heat conductive substrate having high thermal conductivity, the heat collection efficiency from the heat source is increased, and the amount of heat input to the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 via the heat conductor 4 is increased. Can be made. Thereby, the temperature gradient in the joining direction of the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 can be further increased, and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency can be further improved.
  • the thickness of the thermoelectric conversion module 100 including the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 is preferably 10 mm or less, and more preferably 6 mm or less. This is because the ease of attachment of the thermoelectric conversion module 100 can be improved.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of another example of the schematic structure of the thermoelectric conversion module of the present invention.
  • the top view which looked at the thermoelectric conversion module 101 from the low temperature side is shown.
  • the continuous joined body of the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2 constituting the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 ' is arranged in a meandering manner.
  • “meandering arrangement” means that a continuous joined body of a plurality of p-type thermoelectric conversion elements 1 and n-type thermoelectric conversion elements 2 is arranged in a shape as if folded into a predetermined area. Means an embodiment.
  • thermoelectric conversion element body 10 ′ If the continuous joined body of the plurality of thermoelectric conversion elements constituting the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 ′ is meanderingly arranged, a large number of thermoelectric conversion elements can be efficiently integrated and arranged in a limited space. The thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the conversion module can be further increased.
  • thermoelectric conversion elements having different conductivity types are connected by conductive members 30 at both ends of the folded shape.
  • the conductive member 30 can be made of a metal material such as Ag and Cu, or a carbon-based material such as a graphite sheet and CNT.
  • the longitudinal direction of the rectangular heat conductor 4 with respect to the continuous joined body of the plurality of p-type thermoelectric conversion elements 1 and n-type thermoelectric conversion elements 2 arranged meandering is the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 and the n-type thermoelectric conversion. They are arranged in a direction that coincides with the direction perpendicular to the joining direction of the element 2 (within the illustrated plane). And the same heat conductor 4 has couple
  • thermoelectric conversion module the temperature difference between several junction part 3A which the same heat conductor 4 couple
  • the temperature difference becomes uneven depending on the location of the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 ′, the electromotive force (voltage) becomes uneven, and the current value obtained according to the portion of the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 ′ becomes different. Since the thermoelectric conversion module is formed by joining each element in series, if there is a difference in current value, it will be regulated to the lowest current value, and as a result, it may cause a decrease in the power generation of the thermoelectric conversion module. .
  • the “perpendicular direction to the joining direction” is perpendicular to or substantially perpendicular to the joining direction within the surface of the thermoelectric conversion element body (the angle formed with the joining direction is 90 °). Within ⁇ 5 °).
  • “rectangular shape” means a shape in which any one or a plurality of corners are C-chamfered or R-chamfered in addition to a shape in which all four corners such as a square and a rectangle are 90 °. Including.
  • thermoelectric conversion element body 10 ′ is sandwiched between the high temperature side thermoelectric conversion element body substrate 11 and the low temperature side thermoelectric conversion element body substrate.
  • the low temperature side thermoelectric conversion element body substrate is not shown for the sake of clarity.
  • the conductive member 30 can also be sandwiched between the high temperature side thermoelectric conversion element body substrate 11 and the low temperature side thermoelectric conversion element body substrate (not shown).
  • the high temperature side thermoelectric conversion element body substrate 11 has a plurality of vent holes 31 arranged at predetermined intervals along the joining direction of the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2.
  • a low-temperature side thermoelectric conversion element body substrate (not shown) may also have a plurality of vent holes at corresponding positions.
  • the heat insulating region 5 as shown in FIG. 1 is electrically connected to the outside by the vent hole 31, the air permeability is improved, and it is possible to suppress heat from being trapped in the heat insulating region 5.
  • thermoelectric conversion module 101 the conductive wires 40 are connected to both ends of the thermoelectric conversion element body 10 ', and the electric power generated by the thermoelectric conversion element body 10' can be taken out.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of still another example of the schematic structure of the thermoelectric conversion module of the present invention.
  • the thermoelectric conversion module 102 shown in FIG. 3 has the same structure except that the shape and arrangement of the heat conductor 4 ′ are different from the shape and arrangement of the heat conductor 4 of the thermoelectric conversion module 103 shown in FIG. 2.
  • the longitudinal length of the heat conductor 4 ′ is substantially equal to the length in the direction perpendicular to the joining direction of the P / n type thermoelectric conversion elements 1/2.
  • the plurality of heat conductors 4 ′ are not connected to each other in the direction perpendicular to the joining direction (within the illustrated plane), and the heat conductors 4 ′ are spaced apart from each other. Yes. If the plurality of thermal conductors coupled to the meandering continuous joined body are spaced apart from each other, the flexibility of the thermoelectric conversion module can be further enhanced.
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of still another example of the schematic structure of the thermoelectric conversion module of the present invention.
  • each p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 ′ or n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2 ′ disposed at each end in the bonding direction is a bonding target at each end.
  • An end junction 3C that directly joins to another n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2 ′ or p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 ′ having different conductivity types is formed.
  • the end joint 3C is formed by a p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 ′ and an n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2 ′ having an L-shape or an inverted L-shape at the end.
  • thermoelectric conversion elements having end shapes deformed into an L shape or an inverted L shape are directly joined to each other at both ends in the joining direction of the meandering continuous joined body,
  • the flexibility of the conversion module can be further increased.
  • the “L-shape or inverted L-shape” means a shape having a constituent part whose axis can be a direction intersecting the joining direction, and the joining direction and the intersecting direction are not necessarily perpendicular to each other. It does not have to be. Further, in FIG.
  • thermoelectric conversion module 103 is the thermoelectric shown in FIG. 2. This is the same as the conversion module 101.
  • both the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 ′ and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2 ′ have L-shaped or inverted L-shaped portions at the ends.
  • the L-shaped part is illustrated as forming the end joint 3C.
  • the shapes of the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 ′ and the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2 ′ are not limited to such shapes, and for example, either the p-type thermoelectric conversion element 1 ′ or the n-type thermoelectric conversion element 2 ′. Only one of them has an L-shape or an inverted L-shape, and the end joint 3C may be formed with the other thermoelectric conversion element that is a normal rectangular shape. Further, the corners forming the L-shaped or inverted L-shaped portion may be chamfered or R-chamfered.
  • thermoelectric conversion module that can achieve both thermoelectric conversion efficiency and flexibility.
  • thermoelectric conversion module 200 1, 1 'p-type thermoelectric conversion element 2, 2' n-type thermoelectric conversion element 3A, 3B joint 3C end joint 4, 4 'thermal conductor 5 heat insulation region 6 substrate 10, 10', 10 "thermoelectric conversion Element body 11 High temperature side thermoelectric conversion element body substrate 12 Low temperature side thermoelectric conversion element body substrate 21 Radiation reflector 22 Radiation prevention body 30 Conductive member 31 Vent hole 40 Conductive wire 100 to 103 Thermoelectric conversion module 200 Heat source

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un module de conversion thermoélectrique (100) pourvu : d'un corps d'élément de conversion thermoélectrique (10) en forme de film ayant un élément de conversion thermoélectrique de type p (1) et un élément de conversion thermoélectrique de type n (2) qui sont assemblés l'un à l'autre le long d'une direction d'assemblage qui est une direction dans le plan, une surface du corps d'élément de conversion thermoélectrique (10) étant représentée par une première surface qui reçoit de la chaleur provenant d'une source de chaleur et l'autre surface étant représentée par une seconde surface ; et un conducteur thermique (4) qui est assemblé, uniquement par l'intermédiaire de la première surface, avec une partie d'assemblage (3A) de l'élément de conversion thermoélectrique de type p (1) et de l'élément de conversion thermoélectrique de type n (2).
PCT/JP2018/002913 2017-01-31 2018-01-30 Module de conversion thermoélectrique WO2018143178A1 (fr)

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WO2021124867A1 (fr) * 2019-12-19 2021-06-24 東洋インキＳｃホールディングス株式会社 Élément de conversion thermoélectrique et procédé de fabrication dudit élément
JPWO2020071036A1 (ja) * 2018-10-04 2021-09-02 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 熱電変換モジュールおよびそれを用いた冷却装置または温度測定装置または熱流センサまたは発電装置
US20220293843A1 (en) * 2019-08-08 2022-09-15 Denka Company Limited Thermoelectric conversion element
US20220302365A1 (en) * 2019-08-08 2022-09-22 Denka Company Limited Thermoelectric conversion element

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WO2021124867A1 (fr) * 2019-12-19 2021-06-24 東洋インキＳｃホールディングス株式会社 Élément de conversion thermoélectrique et procédé de fabrication dudit élément

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