WO2018141769A1 - Additif pour matières plastiques à structuration directe par laser (lds) - Google Patents
Additif pour matières plastiques à structuration directe par laser (lds) Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018141769A1 WO2018141769A1 PCT/EP2018/052347 EP2018052347W WO2018141769A1 WO 2018141769 A1 WO2018141769 A1 WO 2018141769A1 EP 2018052347 W EP2018052347 W EP 2018052347W WO 2018141769 A1 WO2018141769 A1 WO 2018141769A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- iron
- lds
- weight
- use according
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 166
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- RJDOZRNNYVAULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[F-].[F-].[Mg++].[Mg++].[Mg++].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[F-].[F-].[Mg++].[Mg++].[Mg++].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] RJDOZRNNYVAULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BWOROQSFKKODDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxobismuth;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Bi]=O BWOROQSFKKODDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 26
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 20
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 5
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010330 laser marking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920010540 PA6 GF30 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920006920 PA6-GF30 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004954 Polyphthalamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 2
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 for example Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006375 polyphtalamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012925 reference material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052566 spinel group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006055 Durethan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010016275 Fear Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- QGPQTSCLUYMZHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] QGPQTSCLUYMZHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007561 laser diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000090 poly(aryl ether) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/02—Ingredients treated with inorganic substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2265—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of iron
- C08K2003/2268—Ferrous oxide (FeO)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an LDS-active additive for LDS plastics, and more particularly to the use of pigments comprising a substrate and a coating disposed on the substrate, the coating comprising iron in the oxidation states (0) and / or (II) contains, as LDS additive in polymer compositions, which are used for an LDS process, on a polymer composition containing such an additive, and on an article with metallized conductor tracks, in which a polymeric body of the article or a polymeric Coating on a base body contains an LDS additive of the type mentioned.
- MIDs Molded Interconnect Devices
- plastic-containing coating with the necessary switching structures are provided. As a rule, this requires product-specific special tools that are expensive to purchase and inflexible in use.
- the LPDS-developed LDS process offers the decisive advantage that the circuit structures can be directly and individually adapted to the plastic base part or the plastic-containing coating by means of a laser beam the base part can be cut and then metallized.
- simpler methods, such as the 1-component injection molding process are suitable and the cutting of the circuit structures can also be controlled three-dimensionally.
- LDS additive In order to be able to obtain metallizable circuit structures by laser beam, a so-called LDS additive must be added to the plastic base part or the plastic-containing coating. This must be on
- the LDS additive is generally metal compounds that are activated during processing with the laser beam on the surfaces machined by the laser in such a way that metal nuclei are released, which are the subsequent attachment of electrically conductive metals for the formation of electrical circuits to the activated Favor digits in the plastic.
- these metal compounds react laser-active (usually laser-absorbing) and cause the plastic on the surfaces machined by the laser to be ablated and carbonized, so that a circuit structure is engraved into the plastic base part.
- the metal compounds remain unchanged.
- the LDS additives can either be added to the plastics material as a whole prior to deformation to the plastic base part or only as a component in a separate plastic-containing layer, a coating, a lacquer layer on the surface into which the circuit structure is to be cut by laser. or the like.
- a microrough surface is also created within the circuit structure, which creates the prerequisite for the conductive metal, as a rule, to be Copper, during the subsequent metallization adherent to the plastic can anchor.
- the metallization is then usually carried out in electroless copper baths, which can be followed by another application of nickel and gold layers, also in electroless baths.
- nickel and gold layers also in electroless baths.
- other metals such as tin, silver and palladium may also be applied, optionally in combination with, for example, gold.
- the pre-structured plastic components are equipped with the individual electronic components.
- the objective of the LDS procedure is to have two or three
- Switching structures may have an electrical conductivity, but not the plastic base body or the coating itself.
- LDS additives were therefore proposed in the past usually additives that do not even have an electrical conductivity and the base material does not impart such.
- non-conductive organic heavy metal complexes were provided as LDS additive, which are especially palladium-containing (EP 0 917 597 B1).
- plastics are added as an LDS additive to non-conductive inorganic metal compounds which are not soluble in the application medium and which are inorganic metal compounds of metals of the d and f groups of the periodic table with nonmetals.
- Preference is given to using copper compounds, in particular copper spinels.
- Organic Pd complexes, or copper spinels also have a dark inherent color and also impart a dark color to plastics that contain them.
- the copper compounds cause a partial degradation of the surrounding plastic molecules. Of course, the degradation of the plastic base is undesirable.
- WO 2012/126831 has proposed LDS-compatible plastics and a corresponding LDS process in which an LDS additive containing antimony-doped tin dioxide is added and in the ClELab color space has an L * value (brightness) of at least 45.
- an LDS additive containing antimony-doped tin dioxide is added and in the ClELab color space has an L * value (brightness) of at least 45.
- it is doped with antimony
- Zinndioxid coated mica in amounts of 2 to 25 wt.%, Based on the total plastic composition used.
- EP 2 676 799 A1 has proposed a thermoplastic resin composition for use in the LDS process, in which materials containing at least one element selected from copper, antimony and tin and a Mohs hardness are used as the LDS additive which is at least 1, 5 lower than the Mohs hardness of the added inorganic fibers, which is usually to
- antimony is subject to administrative restrictions in some countries, because it fears environmental damage, which could occur in particular in the manufacture or recycling of the corresponding compounds or components containing them.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an LDS additive for LDS plastics available, which is free of antimony, tin and copper, can be used in glass fiber reinforced plastic compositions without mechanical impairment of the glass fibers and beyond a good metallization of the circuit structures available in the LDS method when using the widest possible range of laser parameters.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a polymeric composition which is suitable for the LDS process and has the properties described above.
- An additional object of the present invention is to provide articles having a circuit structure produced by the LDS method and having the above-mentioned characteristics.
- the object of the present invention is achieved by the use of pigments which have a substrate and a coating located on the substrate, wherein the coating contains iron in the oxidation state (0) and / or (II), as LDS additive (Laser direct structuring additive) in a polymeric composition. Furthermore, the object of the present invention is also achieved by a polymeric composition comprising at least one polymeric plastic and an LDS additive, wherein the LDS additive
- Oxidation level (0) and / or (II) contains.
- the object of the invention is achieved by an article having a circuit structure produced in an LDS method, consisting of a plastic base body or a plastic-containing coating having body and on the surface of the
- Base body or the coating located metallic interconnects wherein the plastic base body or the plastic-containing coating of the base body contains an LDS additive containing pigments having a substrate and a coating thereon, wherein the coating iron in the oxidation state (0) and / or (II).
- Pigments comprising a substrate and a coating on the substrate, the coating containing iron in the oxidation state (0) and / or (II), are known per se.
- US Pat. No. 4,867,793 describes colored effect pigments
- the iron (II) oxide-containing coating can be prepared by reducing a Fe 2 O 3 layer previously deposited on the substrate.
- pigments which comprise a substrate and a coating located on the substrate, the coating containing metallic iron.
- the pigments have a gray-black body color, a high gloss and an interference color and can be used in a wide variety of applications, including laser marking of plastics.
- the usual laser marking of plastics differs significantly from the laser processing of plastics in the LDS process.
- a laser-absorbing additive absorbs the energy of the laser beam and releases it to the surrounding plastic matrix, so that the latter is either foamed or carbonized, which produces the desired laser marking.
- the surface of the plastic body if no Ablati réelle the surface is desired to remain undamaged and the marking only inside the
- Plastic body can be generated below the surface. The energy required for the process of the laser beam is adjusted accordingly.
- the plastic bodies provided with the laser-absorbing additives should not have a large-area electrical conductivity. Therefore, specially developed additives are regularly used for the application in the LDS process.
- pigments comprising a substrate and a coating located on the substrate, wherein the coating contains iron in the oxidation state (0) and / or (II), as LDS additive in a polymeric Composition are very suitable.
- the present invention therefore relates to the use of said pigments as LDS additive in polymeric compositions for use in the LDS process.
- pigment substrates according to the invention such materials are selected which have a low intrinsic hardness and thereby contribute to a low mechanical stress on the preferably glass-fiber reinforced plastics in which the LDS additives according to the present invention are to be used.
- Suitable materials for this purpose are those which have a Mohs hardness of less than 5, for example natural or synthetic mica, talc, kaolin, graphite, wollastonite and BiOCl. Except for wollastonite
- Pigment substrates of this type are known for use in effect pigments.
- shape of the pigment substrates for the use of resulting LDS additives not critical and may be spherical, platelet-shaped, needle-shaped, fibrous or regular or
- platelet-shaped substrates are preferred because of better availability.
- substrates of natural or synthetic mica, of talc, kaolin or graphite, or mixtures of two or more of these substrates are particularly preferred because of their particularly low Mohs hardness. All of these substrates are also available in platelet form in the market.
- substrates of natural or synthetic mica, talc or kaolin, and mixtures of at least two of these are especially preferred.
- the proportion by weight of the substrate should be at least 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the pigment. It is according to the invention at 50 to 99 wt.%, In particular at 60 to 99 wt.%, Particularly preferably at 65 to 99 wt.%, Each based on the total weight of the pigment.
- the proportion of the coating according to the invention is 1 to 50 wt.%, In particular 1 to 40 wt.% And particularly preferably 1 to 35 wt.%, Based on the total weight of the pigment.
- the coating of the LDS additive pigments used according to the invention can be composed differently.
- the coating contains iron in the oxidation state (0) as the sole iron component. Accordingly, iron is present in the coating exclusively in metallic form. Pigments of this type can analogously to those in WO 2007/000253 A2 are described.
- a substrate coated with iron oxide, preferably Fe 2 O 3, or the corresponding hydrated oxide is treated in a reducing gas atmosphere at a temperature of> 700 ° C reducing until the total amount of iron oxide or Eisenoxidhydrates is reduced to metallic iron.
- reducing gases pure nitrogen as well as mixtures of hydrogen and nitrogen are suitable.
- a hydrogen content of 4 to 20% by volume, in particular from 5 to 8% by volume has proven particularly suitable.
- the presence of pure carbon, preferably in the form of graphite or carbon black, in the reduction process may favor the formation of the metallic iron in the coating of the LDS additive pigment according to the invention.
- the carbon may be present as a graphite substrate, as a carbonaceous layer on the substrate between substrate and iron oxide-containing layer or on the iron oxide-containing layer, in the form of particulate carbon black in the iron oxide-containing layer or in the reduction process in addition to the iron oxide. coated
- Substrate added particulate carbon black may be present.
- the proportion by weight of pure carbon in the total solids mass in the reduction process can be in the range from 0 to 50% by weight, in particular from 0.5 to 40% by weight.
- the coating contains iron in the oxidation state (II) as the only iron component.
- iron is considered to belong to the oxidation state (II) when it is present in a compound in the oxidation state range of 1.94 to 2.0. Consequently, all connections in the range from Feo.97O to FeO are included here.
- the corresponding pigments can be prepared according to the method described in WO 2007/000253 A2. At a temperature of> 700 ° C is a with
- Pure nitrogen is used here preferably as a reducing gas, although in principle a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen, as described above, is suitable.
- the reduction time is shortened accordingly compared to the reduction to pure metallic iron. Again, the presence of pure carbon in the reduction process, in one of the above forms, has proved to be advantageous.
- the coating contains iron in the oxidation states (0) and (II).
- Pigments of this composition can be prepared in a simpler manner than the pigments according to the abovementioned two embodiments, because the
- Oxidation levels (0) or (II) in pure form in the pigment coating instead, mixtures of Fe (0) and Fe (II) in the coating can be produced in a simpler manner.
- pigments containing in their coating both metallic iron in the oxidation state (0) and iron in the oxidation state (II) as a LDS additive better metallization of the laser-preformed conductor tracks on the treated Plastic bodies allow. For this reason, the third embodiment in which the coating of the pigments contains iron in the oxidation states (0) and (II) is preferred.
- the pigments of the third embodiment can also be described by the process described in WO 2007/000253 A2
- the pigment used as LDS additive according to the present invention may additionally contain iron in the oxidation state (III) in the coating. This can be present either in combination with iron in the oxidation state (0) or in combination with iron in the oxidation state (II) or in combination with iron in the oxidation states (0) and (II) in the coating.
- Iron in the oxidation state (III) occurs in the form of the oxidic compounds Fe 2 O 3, Fe 3 O 4 or in the form of FeO (OH).
- Iron (III) oxide or oxide hydrate in Fe (0) or Fe (II) does not occur or the formation of Fe3O 4 is favored.
- the presence of iron in the oxidation state (III), in particular in the form of Fe3O 4 (a mixed oxide of Fe (II) O and Fe (III) 2O3) does not interfere with the suitability of the pigments used in the invention as LDS additive, as long as Fe (0 ) and / or Fe (II) are present in a sufficient amount in the coating of the pigments, the latter being already ensured via iron of the oxidation state (II) in Fe 3 O 4 . Therefore, pigments of the fourth embodiment are also preferably used as LDS additive.
- the weight fraction of the coating in the pigment used according to the invention is 1 to 50% by weight, preferably 1 to 40% by weight and in particular 1 to 35% by weight, based on the total weight of the pigment.
- the coating can be single-layered or multi-layered, in particular one or two-layered, on the substrate.
- the coating is single-layered, it can be iron in the
- Oxidation state (0) to 100 wt.% Or iron in the oxidation state (II) to 100 wt.% (First and Second Embodiments). According to the third and partially of the fourth embodiment is
- Coating according to the invention in the range of 10 to 95 wt.%, And the proportion of iron in the oxidation state (II) at 5 to 90 wt.%, Based on the weight of the coating.
- the total weight of the coating in each case 100 wt.%, Even if in addition to iron in the oxidation states (0) and (II) iron in the oxidation state (III) is present in the coating.
- the iron-containing coating of the pigment used according to the invention is multi-layered, in particular two-layered, it preferably consists of one or more iron-free layer (s) and an iron-containing layer which is located on the substrate as the uppermost layer of the layer sequence. Between the substrate and the iron-containing layer are therefore still one or more iron-free
- This intermediate layer (s) can be used to adjust the color properties of the pigments used according to the invention, to improve the adhesion of the iron-containing layer or to introduce carbon into the pigment body.
- various metal oxides such as, for example, S1O2, Al2O3, T1O2, SnO2, ZrO2 or Cr2O3 are suitable.
- these metal oxides each have rather high Mohs hardness, so that the total layer thickness of the intermediate layer (s) should not exceed 100 nm as possible, that is at 1 to 100 nm, in particular 1 to 50 nm, should, with a high proportion by weight of the substrate of preferably> 60 wt.%, Based on the total weight of the pigment.
- the weight ratio of iron in the oxidation state (0) is from 10 to 95% by weight and the proportion by weight of iron in the oxidation state (II) from 5 to 90% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the coating.
- the pigments used according to the invention preferably have at most one, in particular no, iron-free intermediate layer.
- an LDS additive according to the present invention which consists of a substrate of natural or synthetic mica, talc, kaolin or graphite, or a mixture of two or more of these substrates, and a single-layer
- an LDS additive which consists of a substrate of natural or synthetic mica, talc or kaolin, or a mixture of at least two of these substrates, and a single-layer coating, which iron in the oxidation state (0 ) and / or (II).
- the layer thickness of the iron-containing coating which contains iron in the oxidation state (0) and / or (II) on the substrate of the pigment is in the range from 1 to 300 nm, in particular in the range from 1 to 100 nm.
- the pigments used according to the invention as LDS additive have particle sizes in the range from 1 to 100 ⁇ m, preferably in the range from 1 to 50 ⁇ m, and in particular in the range from 1 to 30 ⁇ m. Particular preference is given to pigments having particle sizes in the range from 1 to 30 ⁇ , in which the dgs value is less than 15 ⁇ .
- a dgs value of ⁇ 15 ⁇ means that 95 vol.% Of the particles of a pigment bed have a particle size of less than 15 ⁇ .
- the corresponding dso value is ⁇ 10 ⁇ .
- the specified particle sizes can be determined by conventional methods for particle size determination. Particularly preferred is a method for particle size determination according to the laser diffraction method, in which advantageously both the nominal particle size of the individual particles and their percentage particle size distribution can be determined.
- a Malvern 2000 device from Malvern Instruments Ltd., UK is used under standard conditions of ISO / DIS 13320. The described, provided with an iron-containing coating
- LDS additives known in the art in the LDS-enabled polymeric composition. In the latter case, the proportion of inventive LDS additive is reduced by the proportion of the other or the other LDS additive.
- the proportion of LDS additives is usually not more than the above-mentioned 30 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the LDS-capable polymeric composition.
- the with pigments containing iron in the oxidation state (0) and / or (II) are used as sole LDS additive in the LDS-suitable polymeric compositions.
- the polymeric composition can be either a thermoplastic polymeric composition or a thermoplastic polymer composition
- thermosetting polymeric composition Depending on the desired application of the polymeric LDS-suitable materials, either the thermoplastic or the thermosetting composition may be preferred in each case.
- the polymeric compositions are composed to a predominant proportion (usually> 50 wt .-%) of thermoplastic or thermosetting plastics.
- thermoplastics are amorphous and semi-crystalline thermoplastics in a wide range of materials, such as various polyamides (PA), polycarbonate (PC), polyphthalamide (PPA), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), cycloolefin polymers (COP), polyaryl ethers - ketones, such as Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), liquid crystal polymers (LCP) or their copolymers or blends, such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene / polycarbonate blend (PC / ABS) or PBT / PET. They are suitable by all well-known polymer manufacturers
- thermosetting plastics in particular different polyurethanes, melamine resins, phenolic resins, polyesters and epoxy resins are suitable.
- LDS additive pigments used according to the invention are very particularly suitable as LDS additives in glass fiber-reinforced materials
- glass fiber reinforced plastics because, despite the iron-containing coating, they do not mechanically attack or destroy the glass fibers they contain LDS use, the positive mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced plastics can be maintained. As glass fibers, all can usually be used in the production of polymers
- plastic articles used glass fibers regardless of their concrete material composition, size and shape, are used.
- the glass fibers, as well as the polymeric materials for the polymeric compositions are commercially available from a variety of manufacturers.
- the incorporation of the LDS additives described in the invention into the polymeric composition can be carried out, for example, by compounding, masterbatches, pastes or by direct addition in the shaping processing step.
- the polymeric compositions which contain the pigments used according to the invention as LDS additive may optionally additionally contain further fillers and / or colorants as well as stabilizers, auxiliaries and / or flame retardants. Suitable further fillers are, for example, various silicates, S1O2, talc, kaolin, mica, wollastonite, glass beads, carbon fibers or the like.
- Suitable colorants are both organic dyes and inorganic or organic color pigments. They serve to change the color or the lightening of the polymeric plastic compositions, which have a rather dark color due to the inventive use of iron-containing pigments as LDS additive depending on the percentage content. As examples, only the most commonly used white pigments ⁇ 2, ZnO, BaSO 4 and CaCO3 are mentioned here. The amount and type of added fillers and / or colorants is only by the particular concrete material condition the individual LDS-suitable compositions, in particular of the plastics used, limited.
- the iron-containing pigments used according to the invention are very well suited as LDS additives and also in the polymer compositions added thereto for the LDS process at a customary use concentration of 0.1 to 30% by weight % do not lead to the formation of electrical conductive paths in the polymeric body or the polymer-containing coating on the body of the article to be produced, although the pigments as such have at least partially their own electrical conductivity. Therefore, the polymeric compositions provided with the LDS additive used according to the invention are also suitable for applications in the high-frequency range. At the same time, the LDS additives used according to the invention have a high laser activity and lead to the desired microrough surfaces within the ablated and carbonized by the laser beam line structures when laser action according to the LDS method, so that a subsequent
- Metallization in good quality is possible. Very good metallizability is possible with a wide range of different laser settings.
- the conditions that are most suitable for the laser action which are actually present can be selected in each case without any quality dips being to be expected in the subsequent metallization.
- their use as LDS additive in plastic-containing polymeric compositions also does not result in degradation of the organic polymer molecules surrounding the LDS additives.
- the pigments used are free of antimony, tin and copper and are particularly suitable for use in glass fiber reinforced polymeric compositions.
- the present invention also provides a polymeric composition which comprises at least one polymeric plastic and one LDS Additive contains, wherein the LDS additive contains pigments, which have a substrate and a coating thereon, wherein the coating iron in the oxidation state (0) and / or (II) contains.
- the polymeric composition according to the invention contains the LDS additive in a proportion of 0.1 to 30 wt .-%, preferably from 0.5 to 15 wt .-%, and in particular> 1 to 10 wt .-%, based on the
- the polymeric composition additionally contains glass fibers as filler.
- the material composition, shape, size and amount of glass fibers depends on the desired mechanical properties
- the polymeric composition according to the invention is intended for use in an LDS process (laser direct structuring method) for the production of metallized switching structures on two- or three-dimensional plastic basic bodies or two-dimensional or three-dimensional basic bodies bearing plastic-containing coatings. It is well suited for use in high-frequency applications and, due to the addition of the LDS additive according to the invention, effects a good metallizability of the laser structures generated by line structures, wherein the laser parameters can be selected in a broad spectrum.
- the added LDS additive is free of antimony, tin and copper, so that no chemical interference by degradation of the polymer matrix must be feared.
- no mechanical impairment of glass fiber reinforced polymer compositions takes place.
- the subject matter of the present invention is also an article with a circuit structure produced in an LDS method, the article consisting of a polymer base body or a polymer-containing base body of the article and of metal conductor tracks which lie on the surface of the article Base body or on the surface of the polymer-containing coating of the base body are, wherein the polymeric base body or the polymer-containing coating of the base body contains an LDS additive containing pigments, which have a substrate and a coating thereon, wherein the coating Contains iron in the oxidation state (0) and / or (II).
- Such articles find use, for example, in telecommunications, medical technology or in the automotive industry, where they are used for example as electronic components of mobile phones, hearing aids, dental instruments, automotive electronics and the like.
- Coating of 55 wt.% Fe, 40 wt.% FeO and 5 wt.% Fe3O 4 consists.
- test plates are processed with different laser power and frequency in the range of 3-16 W and 60-100 kHz in screened test fields by means of a 1064nm fiber laser, so that a low material removal occurs with simultaneous carbonation of the machined surface.
- a commercial reductive copper bath MID Copper 100 B1, MacDermid.
- the metallization properties are judged by the structure of the copper layer on the substrate.
- the plating index (according to MacDermid) is given which results from the quotient of the built-up copper layer of the test material and the built-up copper layer of the reference material.
- reference material are test plates made of PBT with a share of 5 wt .-% copper spinel (Comparative Example 1).
- Example 4 Analogously to Example 4, 5% by weight of a pigment are incorporated as LDS additive into the PC / ABS test plates.
- the pigment used according to the invention as an LDS additive with a coating containing Fe (O) and / or Fe (II) has distinctly better values with respect to the metallizability both in the width of the laser parameters and in terms of the nominal values of the plating index shows as the coated with antimony doped tin dioxide mica flakes according to Comparative Example 2, in which sensitivity is comparable to the copper spinel according to Comparative Example 1 and shows over the entire power range constant metallization.
- shoulder bar type 1A, EN ISO 527-2, total length 170 mm, width at the ends 20 mm, width of the narrow parallel portion 10 mm, thickness 4 mm
- the shoulder bars contain the LDS additive homogeneously and finely distributed and can be used for tensile tests according to DIN EN ISO 527-2.
- Comparative B Polymer without LDS additive, extruded
- Example according to the invention comparable to the values that can be achieved with the extruded, unpigmented polymer.
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Abstract
La présente invention concerne un additif actif dans la structuration directe par laser (LDS) pour des matières plastiques à structuration directe par laser, une composition polymère contenant un tel additif ainsi qu'un article muni de pistes conductrices métallisées, un corps de base polymère dudit article ou un revêtement polymère situé sur le corps de base contenant un additif de structuration directe par laser du type mentionné.
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EP17154619 | 2017-02-03 | ||
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WO2019042906A1 (fr) * | 2017-08-29 | 2019-03-07 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Additif sensible au laser et additif pour matières plastiques à structuration directe par laser |
US11258184B2 (en) | 2019-08-21 | 2022-02-22 | Ticona Llc | Antenna system including a polymer composition having a low dissipation factor |
US11555113B2 (en) | 2019-09-10 | 2023-01-17 | Ticona Llc | Liquid crystalline polymer composition |
US11637365B2 (en) | 2019-08-21 | 2023-04-25 | Ticona Llc | Polymer composition for use in an antenna system |
US11646760B2 (en) | 2019-09-23 | 2023-05-09 | Ticona Llc | RF filter for use at 5G frequencies |
US11721888B2 (en) | 2019-11-11 | 2023-08-08 | Ticona Llc | Antenna cover including a polymer composition having a low dielectric constant and dissipation factor |
US11729908B2 (en) | 2020-02-26 | 2023-08-15 | Ticona Llc | Circuit structure |
US11728559B2 (en) | 2021-02-18 | 2023-08-15 | Ticona Llc | Polymer composition for use in an antenna system |
US11912817B2 (en) | 2019-09-10 | 2024-02-27 | Ticona Llc | Polymer composition for laser direct structuring |
US11917753B2 (en) | 2019-09-23 | 2024-02-27 | Ticona Llc | Circuit board for use at 5G frequencies |
US12142820B2 (en) | 2019-09-10 | 2024-11-12 | Ticona Llc | 5G system containing a polymer composition |
US12209164B2 (en) | 2019-09-10 | 2025-01-28 | Ticona Llc | Polymer composition and film for use in 5G applications |
US12294185B2 (en) | 2019-09-10 | 2025-05-06 | Ticona Llc | Electrical connector formed from a polymer composition having a low dielectric constant and dissipation factor |
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US12107617B2 (en) | 2019-09-23 | 2024-10-01 | Ticona Llc | RF filter for use at 5G frequencies |
US11917753B2 (en) | 2019-09-23 | 2024-02-27 | Ticona Llc | Circuit board for use at 5G frequencies |
US11646760B2 (en) | 2019-09-23 | 2023-05-09 | Ticona Llc | RF filter for use at 5G frequencies |
US11721888B2 (en) | 2019-11-11 | 2023-08-08 | Ticona Llc | Antenna cover including a polymer composition having a low dielectric constant and dissipation factor |
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US11729908B2 (en) | 2020-02-26 | 2023-08-15 | Ticona Llc | Circuit structure |
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