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WO2018141664A1 - Système activé par éclairage et procédés pour construire une planification d'évacuation - Google Patents

Système activé par éclairage et procédés pour construire une planification d'évacuation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018141664A1
WO2018141664A1 PCT/EP2018/052044 EP2018052044W WO2018141664A1 WO 2018141664 A1 WO2018141664 A1 WO 2018141664A1 EP 2018052044 W EP2018052044 W EP 2018052044W WO 2018141664 A1 WO2018141664 A1 WO 2018141664A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
building
evacuation
occupants
plan
evacuation plan
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/052044
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Abhishek MURTHY
Rohit Kumar
Tamir HEGAZY
Original Assignee
Philips Lighting Holding B.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Lighting Holding B.V. filed Critical Philips Lighting Holding B.V.
Priority to US16/482,370 priority Critical patent/US20200005609A1/en
Priority to EP18702250.4A priority patent/EP3577609A1/fr
Priority to CN201880009832.6A priority patent/CN110226175A/zh
Publication of WO2018141664A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018141664A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to a system and method for developing computational models of the behavior of a building's occupants using data acquired from sensor-equipped connected luminaires. The models are then used to plan and design evacuation plans for safe and timely egress of the occupants.
  • the present invention addresses the above problems by providing a system and method that aids the design and verification of evacuation plans while alleviating the dependence on mock drills.
  • building-wide sensor-enabled connected lighting and data-driven methods are employed to automate the process of exhaustively verifying the evacuation plan of a building.
  • the proposed system can also be used to design an evacuation plan based on the recent history of building dynamics.
  • the present invention focuses on the following two aspects of building evacuation, but can be extended to other aspects also: Timeliness and Safety.
  • Timeliness dictates that the occupants must be able to exit the building within the specified time bound.
  • Safety entails ensuring that critical areas of the region do not get overcrowded and lead to injuries caused by other fleeing occupants.
  • occupancy and motion sensors are present on a connected lighting system.
  • Such systems are known in the prior art.
  • the lighting system is used to collect fine-grained data about mobility of people. This data is then used to learn models of occupancy and motion among different rooms. System identification is used to learn these models. The models are then transformed to computational models that are amenable to formal verification-based analytics.
  • Formal verification is the process of exhaustively and automatically analyzing the trajectories of a model of the underlying system.
  • safety-critical applications such as defense and aerospace
  • mission-critical applications such as chip manufacturing
  • formal verification has successfully been used to guarantee the safety of large complex systems. The exhaustive nature of analysis ensures that guarantees can be given on the safety and timeliness of the evacuation plan.
  • the proposed system can be used to design and synthesize an evacuation plan on-the-fly. Consequently, the system would adapt to the changing occupancy patterns and dynamically generate correct-by- construction evacuation plans. These evacuation plans can be used to actuate the lights of the building in patterns that guide the people, like the emergency lights of an airplane.
  • Luminaire or “lighting fixture” is used herein to refer to an implementation or arrangement of one or more lighting units in a particular form factor, assembly, or package.
  • the term “lighting unit” is used herein to refer to an apparatus including one or more light sources of same or different types. A given lighting unit may have any one of a variety of mounting arrangements for the light source(s), enclosure/housing arrangements and shapes, and/or electrical and mechanical connection configurations.
  • a given lighting unit optionally may be associated with (e.g., include, be coupled to and/or packaged together with) various other components (e.g., control circuitry) relating to the operation of the light source(s).
  • An "LED-based lighting unit” refers to a lighting unit that includes one or more LED-based light sources, alone or in combination with other non LED-based light sources.
  • light source should be understood to refer to any one or more of a variety of radiation sources, including, but not limited to, LED-based sources (e.g., various semiconductor-based structures that emit light in response to current, light emitting polymers, organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), electroluminescent strips, and the like), incandescent sources (e.g., filament lamps, halogen lamps), fluorescent sources, phosphorescent sources, high-intensity discharge sources (e.g., sodium vapor, mercury vapor, and metal halide lamps), lasers, other types of electroluminescent sources, pyro-luminescent sources (e.g., flames), candle- luminescent sources (e.g., gas mantles, carbon arc radiation sources), photo - luminescent sources (e.g., gaseous discharge sources), cathode luminescent sources using electronic satiation, galvano-luminescent sources, crystallo-luminescent sources, kine- luminescent sources, thermo-lumin
  • controller is used herein generally to describe various apparatus relating to the operation of one or more Luminaires.
  • a controller can be implemented in numerous ways (e.g., such as with dedicated hardware) to perform various functions discussed herein.
  • a "processor” is one example of a controller which employs one or more microprocessors that may be programmed using software (e.g., microcode) to perform various functions discussed herein.
  • a controller may be implemented with or without employing a processor, and also may be implemented as a combination of dedicated hardware to perform some functions and a processor (e.g., one or more programmed microprocessors and associated circuitry) to perform other functions.
  • controller components examples include, but are not limited to, conventional microprocessors, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), and field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).
  • a processor or controller may be associated with one or more storage media (generically referred to herein as "memory,” e.g., volatile and non-volatile computer memory such as RAM, PROM, EPROM, and EEPROM, floppy disks, compact disks, optical disks, magnetic tape, etc.).
  • the storage media may be encoded with one or more programs that, when executed on one or more processors and/or controllers, perform at least some of the functions discussed herein.
  • program or “computer program” are used herein in a generic sense to refer to any type of computer code (e.g., software or microcode) that can be employed to program one or more processors or controllers.
  • one or more devices coupled to a network may serve as a controller for one or more other devices coupled to the network (e.g., in a master/slave relationship).
  • a networked environment may include one or more dedicated controllers that are configured to control one or more of the devices coupled to the network.
  • multiple devices coupled to the network each may have access to data that is present on the communication medium or media; however, a given device may be "addressable" in that it is configured to selectively exchange data with (i.e., receive data from and/or transmit data to) the network, based, for example, on one or more particular identifiers (e.g., "addresses") assigned to it.
  • network refers to any interconnection of two or more devices (including controllers or processors) that facilitates the transport of information (e.g. for device control, data storage, data exchange, etc.) between any two or more devices and/or among multiple devices coupled to the network.
  • various implementations of networks suitable for interconnecting multiple devices may include any of a variety of network topologies and employ any of a variety of communication protocols.
  • any one connection between two devices may represent a dedicated connection between the two systems, or alternatively a non-dedicated connection. In addition to carrying information intended for the two devices, such a non-dedicated connection may carry information not necessarily intended for either of the two devices (e.g., an open network connection).
  • networks of devices as discussed herein may employ one or more wireless, wire/cable, and/or fiber optic links to facilitate information transport throughout the network.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the main elements of an embodiment of the current invention.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a flow chart of an exemplary model-based building evacuation planning according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates is an exemplary modeling of the occupancy and mobility in a room with two occupancy sensors.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a compartmental model for the room illustrated in Fig. 3.
  • occupancy sensors are sensing devices commonly connected to a room's lighting, which shut down these services when the space is unoccupied.
  • other types of sensor devices can be employed without altering the scope of the invention.
  • Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of the invention.
  • the figure depicts the following elements of an exemplary system:
  • Item 150 Building rooms that are equipped with an intelligent lighting system that detects occupancy in different parts of the building, can count people, and aid the modelling (Item 130) of the dynamics of the occupants' movements.
  • the exact locations of each of the system's luminaire sensors is determined and recorded in a database upon commissioning of the system's luminaires. Such commissioning procedures are well- known in the prior art (e.g., as described in U.S. Pat. Appln. No. 20160205749 entitled "LIGHTING COMMISSIONING).
  • Item 110 The emergency evacuation plan of the region of the interest. This region can be a part of the floor, the entire floor, or even the entire building.
  • Item 120 A modelling engine that builds models of occupants moving in the building. System identification is used by this engine to estimate the models.
  • Item 140 A Verification-Based Analytics Engine (VBAE), which uses formal verification to analyze the models of building dynamics.
  • VBAE Verification-Based Analytics Engine
  • the proposed system can be used to design and synthesize an evacuation plan on-the-fly. Consequently, the system would adapt to the changing occupancy patterns and dynamically generate correct-by-construction evacuation plans. These evacuation plans can be used to actuate the lights of the building in patterns that guide the people, like the emergency lights of an airplane.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a flow chart for an exemplary model-based building.
  • Step 210 is a preliminary step during which is entered the most appropriate type of model for the given building— and thus the overall context in which the system operates.
  • the example discussed below is one embodiment that entails using compartmental models, which is ideal for large buildings. Simpler models, like cellular automata, may be employed for small buildings such as homes.
  • Item 225 depicts a data base of fine-grained data about the mobility of building occupants. This data has been collect using occupancy and motion sensors present on a connected lighting systems as discussed above (e.g., with respect to items 150 of Fig. 1). At step 220 this data is used to learn models of occupancy and motion among different rooms. System identification is used to learn these models.
  • the models are transformed to computational models that are amenable to formal verification-based analytics. These models are employed in step 240 to evaluate the current evacuation plan (item 235). In various embodiments of the invention, such evaluations occur periodically and/or when triggered by events.
  • Formal verification is then performed. Formal verification is the process of exhaustively and automatically analyzing the trajectories of a model of the underlying system.
  • safety-critical applications such as defense and aerospace
  • mission-critical applications such as chip manufacturing
  • formal verification has successfully been used to guarantee the safety of large complex systems.
  • Temporal logic is the language of formal verification.
  • bounded-time temporal logic can be used to specify the timeliness and safety properties of building evacuation.
  • the interior of the room can be divided into two parts (310, 320).
  • I , I 2 , and O denote the proportion of the occupants that are in the interior partitions and outside the room.
  • the rates of transitioning among these partitions are a 12 , a 21 between the 310 and 320 regions; and I0 , a 0I between the interior and outside, via the 320 region.
  • the proportions and the transfer rates can be estimated using the data from the luminaire-based sensors.
  • system identification entails learning the transfer rates and other parameters using the sensor data. Inverse modeling techniques, including optimization, may be used to update the parameters periodically.
  • a compartmental model as depicted in Fig. 4, can be constructed. This model describes how the proportions of occupants in the three regions evolve in time with respect to the following formulae:
  • the safe evacuation requirement can be stated as: "Ensure that people are not moving too fast between different parts of the building to prevent stampedes.” In other words, ensure that the rate of change of I , I 2 , and 0 are bounded by ⁇ .
  • the temporal logic representation of this would be:
  • step 245 entails controller synthesis: given a behavior that is wanted to be induced in the system, controller synthesis entails designing a control law that ensures that the system conforms to the requirements.
  • the evacuation plan is considered to be a controller that controls the occupancy of different partitions of the region of interest. The occupants are guided to move among the partitions during an evacuation, thereby controlling the occupancy.
  • step 245 relates to designing a safe and timely occupancy plan based on the occupancy and mobility model. It should be noted that in each of these embodiments, the resulting plan is attained without requiring any data attained from mock evacuation drills.
  • step 250 An optional step is depicted at step 250, wherein the process would, in the event of an evacuation event, activate exit light signaling based on the determined evacuation plan.
  • the above-described methods according to the present invention can be implemented in hardware, firmware or as software or computer code that can be stored in a recording medium such as a CD ROM, an RAM, a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magneto- optical disk or computer code downloaded over a network originally stored on a remote recording medium or a non-transitory machine readable medium and to be stored on a local recording medium, so that the methods described herein can be rendered in such software that is stored on the recording medium using a general purpose computer, or a special processor or in programmable or dedicated hardware, such as an ASIC or FPGA.
  • a recording medium such as a CD ROM, an RAM, a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magneto- optical disk or computer code downloaded over a network originally stored on a remote recording medium or a non-transitory machine readable medium and to be stored on a local recording medium, so that the methods described herein can be rendered in such software that is stored on the recording medium using a general purpose
  • the computer, the processor, microprocessor controller or the programmable hardware include memory components, e.g., RAM, ROM, Flash, etc. that may store or receive software or computer code that when accessed and executed by the computer, processor or hardware implement the processing methods described herein.
  • memory components e.g., RAM, ROM, Flash, etc.
  • the execution of the code transforms the general purpose computer into a special purpose computer for executing the processing shown herein.
  • a computer, a processor and/or dedicated hardware/software are described herein as being capable of processing the processing described herein, it would be recognized that a computer, a processor and/or dedicated hardware/software are well-known elements in the art of signal processing and, thus, a detailed description of the elements of the processor need not provided in order for one skilled in the art to practice the invention described, herein.

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Abstract

Un système et un procédé pour développer des modèles calculatoires du comportement des occupants d'un bâtiment à l'aide de données obtenue de luminaires connectés équipés de capteurs, sont divulgués. Les modèles sont ensuite utilisés pour développer un plan d'évacuation optimisé pour une sortie sûre et rapide des occupants sans nécessiter d'exercices d'évacuation simulés.
PCT/EP2018/052044 2017-02-02 2018-01-29 Système activé par éclairage et procédés pour construire une planification d'évacuation WO2018141664A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16/482,370 US20200005609A1 (en) 2017-02-02 2018-01-29 A lighting enabled system and methods for building evacuation planning
EP18702250.4A EP3577609A1 (fr) 2017-02-02 2018-01-29 Système activé par éclairage et procédés pour construire une planification d'évacuation
CN201880009832.6A CN110226175A (zh) 2017-02-02 2018-01-29 用于建立疏散计划的启用照明的系统和方法

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201762453601P 2017-02-02 2017-02-02
US62/453,601 2017-02-02
EP17157652.3 2017-02-23
EP17157652 2017-02-23

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014080040A2 (fr) 2012-11-26 2014-05-30 Ats Group (Ip Holdings) Limited Procédé et système d'assistance d'évacuation
US8970365B2 (en) 2008-12-30 2015-03-03 Oneevent Technologies, Inc. Evacuation system
WO2015184217A1 (fr) * 2014-05-29 2015-12-03 Otis Elevator Company Système de commande d'évacuation d'occupants
US20160091217A1 (en) * 2014-09-29 2016-03-31 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Systems and methods for managing environmental conditions
US20160205749A1 (en) 2013-09-03 2016-07-14 Philips Lighting Holding B.V. Lighting commissioning
US20160262307A1 (en) 2015-03-13 2016-09-15 Honey Bee Manufacturing Ltd. Controlling a positioning system for an agricultural implement

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8970365B2 (en) 2008-12-30 2015-03-03 Oneevent Technologies, Inc. Evacuation system
WO2014080040A2 (fr) 2012-11-26 2014-05-30 Ats Group (Ip Holdings) Limited Procédé et système d'assistance d'évacuation
US20160205749A1 (en) 2013-09-03 2016-07-14 Philips Lighting Holding B.V. Lighting commissioning
WO2015184217A1 (fr) * 2014-05-29 2015-12-03 Otis Elevator Company Système de commande d'évacuation d'occupants
US20160091217A1 (en) * 2014-09-29 2016-03-31 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Systems and methods for managing environmental conditions
US20160262307A1 (en) 2015-03-13 2016-09-15 Honey Bee Manufacturing Ltd. Controlling a positioning system for an agricultural implement

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